WO2020008695A1 - 構造体 - Google Patents
構造体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020008695A1 WO2020008695A1 PCT/JP2019/015653 JP2019015653W WO2020008695A1 WO 2020008695 A1 WO2020008695 A1 WO 2020008695A1 JP 2019015653 W JP2019015653 W JP 2019015653W WO 2020008695 A1 WO2020008695 A1 WO 2020008695A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- active ingredient
- release
- release control
- layer
- control layer
- Prior art date
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0002—Galenical forms characterised by the drug release technique; Application systems commanded by energy
- A61K9/0004—Osmotic delivery systems; Sustained release driven by osmosis, thermal energy or gas
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/11—Aldehydes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/13—Amines
- A61K31/135—Amines having aromatic rings, e.g. ketamine, nortriptyline
- A61K31/137—Arylalkylamines, e.g. amphetamine, epinephrine, salbutamol, ephedrine or methadone
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
- A61K31/35—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/352—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. methantheline
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
- A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/70—Web, sheet or filament bases ; Films; Fibres of the matrix type containing drug
- A61K9/7023—Transdermal patches and similar drug-containing composite devices, e.g. cataplasms
- A61K9/703—Transdermal patches and similar drug-containing composite devices, e.g. cataplasms characterised by shape or structure; Details concerning release liner or backing; Refillable patches; User-activated patches
- A61K9/7084—Transdermal patches having a drug layer or reservoir, and one or more separate drug-free skin-adhesive layers, e.g. between drug reservoir and skin, or surrounding the drug reservoir; Liquid-filled reservoir patches
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/04—Centrally acting analgesics, e.g. opioids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
- A61P29/02—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID] without antiinflammatory effect
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/10—Antimycotics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/08—Vasodilators for multiple indications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
- A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
- A61L15/22—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons containing macromolecular materials
- A61L15/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
- A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
- A61L15/42—Use of materials characterised by their function or physical properties
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a structure, such as a transdermal preparation, suitable for releasing an active ingredient such as a drug.
- Transdermal absorption type preparations are characterized in that a first-pass effect due to metabolism in the liver due to absorption of the drug from the digestive tract can be avoided, and the blood concentration of the drug can be stably maintained for a long time.
- Transdermal formulations are also non-invasive dosage forms that facilitate drug administration.
- Transdermal preparations are broadly divided into reservoir-type and matrix-type.
- the reservoir type includes a holding portion for holding a drug, and a release control film through which the drug released from the holding portion passes, and is usually attached to the skin by an adhesive layer disposed on the release control film side.
- the matrix type has no release control film.
- the matrix type generally includes a support and an adhesive layer containing a drug.
- Patent Document 1 discloses general structures and members for each of a reservoir type and a matrix type transdermal absorption preparation.
- the controlled release membrane disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a microporous membrane having an average pore size of 0.1 ⁇ m to 1 ⁇ m.
- Patent Literature 1 exemplifies polyolefin and polytetrafluoroethylene as materials for a microporous membrane.
- a general technical problem of transdermal preparations is to improve the transdermal absorbability of drugs.
- Patent Document 1 it has been proposed to use various absorption enhancers together with drugs in order to improve transdermal absorbability.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a structure suitable for controlling the release amount of an active ingredient while in contact with the skin.
- a holding unit that holds the active ingredient, and a release control layer that controls the release of the active ingredient to the outside i) the controlled release layer comprises a microporous membrane having an average pore size of 0.01 ⁇ m or less; and ii) the controlled release layer is a nanofiltration membrane or a reverse osmosis membrane.
- the controlled release layer is a nanofiltration membrane or a reverse osmosis membrane.
- the present invention from its second aspect, A holding unit that holds the active ingredient, and a release control layer that controls the release of the active ingredient to the outside, A structure, wherein the molecular weight cut-off of the release control layer is 20,000 or less.
- the present invention from its third aspect, A holding unit that holds the active ingredient, and a release control layer that controls the release of the active ingredient to the outside, In a state where pressure is not externally applied to the holding unit, the release rate of the active ingredient per 1 cm 2 of the area of the main surface of the release control layer is less than 0.39 ⁇ g / hour, In a state where a pressure of 0.15 MPa is transmitted from the outside to the main surface of the release control layer, the effective component per 1 cm 2 of the area of the main surface of the release control layer is applied in a state where the pressure is externally applied to the holding unit.
- a structure, wherein the release rate is 0.39 ⁇ g / hr or more.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows an example of the measuring device for measuring the quantity of the active ingredient which passes through the film
- the release control layer is a nanofiltration membrane.
- the nanofiltration membrane includes a dense layer, and the dense layer is made of modified polyethersulfone.
- the holding unit includes a support layer and a holding chamber formed between the support layer and the release control layer.
- the active ingredient includes a compound having at least one action selected from the group consisting of an antifungal action, an antibacterial action, an anti-inflammatory action, an analgesic action, and a vasorelaxant action.
- the structure further includes an adhesive layer disposed on a main surface of the release control layer.
- the structure 10 of the present embodiment includes a holding unit 1 for holding an active ingredient.
- the structure 10 further includes a release control layer 3 disposed between the outside 8 of the structure 10 and the holding unit 1.
- the active ingredient released from the holding unit 1 passes through the release control layer 3.
- the release control layer 3 controls the release of the active ingredient to the outside 8.
- the structure 10 is, for example, a laminate of the holding unit 1 and the release control layer 3.
- the holding section 1 includes a support layer 2 and a holding chamber 6 formed between the support layer 2 and the release control layer 3.
- the holding chamber 6 is a space formed between the main surface 21 of the support layer 2 on the release control layer side and the main surface 31 of the release control layer 3 on the support layer side.
- the support layer 2 and the release control layer 3 surround the holding chamber 6 by joining their main surfaces 21 and 31 to each other around the holding chamber 6. As shown in FIG. 1, the support layer 2 is bonded to the release control layer 3 in a bent shape so that the holding chamber 6 having a desired internal capacity is secured between the support layer 2 and the release control layer 3. Good.
- the support layer 2 and the release control layer 3 may be integrated so as to surround the holding chamber 6.
- the active ingredient is held in the holding chamber 6 in the form of, for example, a composition containing the active ingredient, more specifically, a liquid containing the active ingredient.
- a liquid 7 containing an active ingredient is held in a holding chamber 6.
- the internal volume of the holding chamber 6 is variable, and it is possible to reduce the internal volume from its maximum value, that is, the internal capacity, by applying pressure from the outside.
- the release of the active ingredient from the holding part 1 can be promoted by reducing the volume in the holding chamber 6.
- the pressure applied to reduce the internal volume of the holding chamber 6 can be a driving force that promotes the release of the active ingredient.
- the release control layer 3 plays a role in appropriately controlling the permeation amount of the active ingredient so that the release quantity of the active ingredient in a state where no driving force is applied is not excessive.
- a microporous membrane having an average pore diameter of about 0.1 ⁇ m to 1 ⁇ m has a problem in that the permeation amount of the effective component in the absence of the above-mentioned driving force can properly fulfill this role. Is too big.
- the active ingredient that passes through the release controlling layer 3 may be accompanied not only by itself but also other components of the composition containing the active ingredient. Especially when the active ingredient is held in the holding part 1 as a liquid containing the active ingredient, the active ingredient usually passes through the release control layer 3 together with the liquid component which is typically a solvent. Therefore, in this case, it is possible to calculate the release amount of the active ingredient by evaluating the amount of the liquid passing through the release control layer 3 and further evaluating the concentration of the active ingredient in the liquid passing therethrough.
- the holding unit 1 may include a layer other than the support layer 2.
- a spacer disposed between the support layer 2 and the release control layer 3 can be exemplified.
- the addition of the spacer is effective in expanding the internal capacity of the holding chamber 6, reducing the deflection of the support layer 2, and the like.
- the spacer may be, for example, a film in which a portion corresponding to the holding chamber 6 is hollowed out.
- the holding unit 1 may include a holding body that holds the active ingredient and is disposed in the holding chamber 6.
- the holder include a nonwoven fabric impregnated with a solution containing an active ingredient.
- the holding body may be arranged instead of the holding chamber 6.
- the structure 10 has, for example, a structure in which the release control layer 3, the nonwoven fabric forming the holder, and the support layer 2 are laminated in this order.
- the structure 10 may further include the adhesive layer 4 and the release film 5.
- the adhesive layer 4 is disposed on the main surface 32 of the release control layer 3 opposite to the support layer. If the adhesive layer 4 is arranged in advance, it is easy to attach the structure 10 to an object (for example, human skin).
- the adhesive layer 4 may cover the main surface 32 of the release control layer 3 entirely or partially.
- the release film 5 is attached to the adhesive layer 4. By removing the release film 5, the adhesive layer 4 is exposed to the outside, and the structure can be attached to the object.
- the bonding between the support layer 2 and the release control layer 3 and the bonding between the spacers and the layers 2 and 3 can be performed by bonding using an adhesive, heat welding, or other welding. These bondings may be performed using a double-sided adhesive tape.
- the support layer 2 is preferably a material through which the active ingredient does not pass.
- the support layer 2 may be a single-layer film or a multi-layer film.
- the support layer 2 is preferably a non-porous film.
- the support layer 2 may be a laminate of a nonporous film and a porous film.
- the support layer 2 may be a layer through which the active ingredient passes.
- the support layer 2 may be a film that functions as the release control layer 3.
- nonporous membrane examples include resin films containing polyester (eg, polyethylene terephthalate (PET)), nylon, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polytetrafluoroethylene, ionomer resin, or the like, or And metal foil.
- the porous membrane examples include paper, woven fabric, nonwoven fabric (for example, polyester nonwoven fabric), and those obtained by perforating the above resin film or metal foil. From the viewpoint of the flexibility of the support layer 2, the porous membrane is preferably paper, woven fabric, or nonwoven fabric.
- the thickness of the support layer 2 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 2 to 200 ⁇ m, and more preferably 10 to 50 ⁇ m. At this time, the support layer 2 has sufficient flexibility and can sufficiently support the release control layer 3.
- release control layer (Release control layer)
- first to third embodiments of the release control layer will be described.
- the release control layer may have the features described in each embodiment in appropriate combinations.
- the release control layer 3 includes a microporous membrane having an average pore size of 0.01 ⁇ m or less, and ii) the release control layer 3 is a nanofiltration membrane (NF membrane) or a reverse osmosis membrane (RO membrane). At least one of the following is true. Thereby, the release control layer 3 can appropriately control the permeation amount of the active ingredient.
- the average pore diameter of i) may be 0.1 nm or more, or may be 0.001 ⁇ m or more.
- the release control layer 3 is, for example, an ultrafiltration membrane (UF membrane).
- the UF membrane generally has a microporous membrane having an average pore diameter in the range of 0.001 ⁇ m to 0.01 ⁇ m, and a porous support supporting the microporous membrane.
- the microporous film constitutes, for example, the main surface 31 of the release control layer 3.
- the average pore size of the microporous membrane can be specified by the following method. First, the microporous membrane is observed with a scanning electron microscope.
- the pore diameters (diameters of pores) of at least 50, and if possible, 100 holes are calculated, and the average of the calculated values is regarded as the average pore diameter of the microporous membrane.
- the hole diameter of a hole means the diameter of a circle having the same area as the hole area calculated by image processing in an electron microscope image.
- the average pore diameter R ( ⁇ m) of the microporous membrane is, for example, R ⁇ Mw / 15000. Satisfies, preferably R ⁇ Mw / 35000.
- the average pore diameter R ( ⁇ m) may satisfy R ⁇ Mw / 350000.
- the average pore size R may be a value larger than 0.01 ⁇ m.
- the density of the pores on the surface of the microporous membrane is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 10 to 100,000 / ⁇ m 2 , and preferably 100 to 10,000 / ⁇ m 2 .
- the thickness of the microporous membrane is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 0.001 to 2 ⁇ m, and preferably 0.005 to 1 ⁇ m.
- the material of the microporous membrane is not particularly limited, and for example, a polymer material such as cellulose ester (for example, cellulose acetate), polyethylene, polypropylene, polysulfone, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyether sulfone, etc. can be used.
- a polymer material such as cellulose ester (for example, cellulose acetate), polyethylene, polypropylene, polysulfone, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyether sulfone, etc. can be used.
- the porous support is not particularly limited as long as it can support the microporous membrane.
- the porous support is, for example, a nonwoven fabric or a porous layer formed on a nonwoven fabric.
- the average pore size of the porous layer is, for example, greater than 0.01 ⁇ m and 0.4 ⁇ m or less.
- the material of the porous layer is, for example, polyarylethersulfone such as polysulfone, polyethersulfone; polyimide; polyvinylidene fluoride. From the viewpoint of chemical, mechanical and thermal stability, the material of the porous layer is preferably polysulfone or polyarylethersulfone.
- the porous support may be a self-supporting support composed of a thermosetting resin such as an epoxy resin.
- the porous support has, for example, an average pore size of more than 0.01 ⁇ m and 0.4 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the porous support is not particularly limited, and is, for example, 10 to 200 ⁇ m, and preferably 20 to 75 ⁇ m.
- the release control layer 3 is an NF film or an RO film.
- the release control layer 3 is preferably an NF film.
- the NF membrane means a membrane having a removal rate of sodium chloride of 5% or more and less than 93% when a test solution having a sodium chloride concentration of 2000 mg / L is filtered at an operating pressure of 1.5 MPa.
- the RO membrane means a membrane having a removal rate of sodium chloride of 93% or more when a test solution having a sodium chloride concentration of 2000 mg / L is filtered at an operating pressure of 1.5 MPa.
- Each of the NF film and the RO film usually includes a dense layer and a porous support supporting the dense layer.
- the dense layer constitutes, for example, the main surface 31 of the release control layer 3.
- the thickness of the dense layer is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 0.001 to 2 ⁇ m, and preferably 0.005 to 1 ⁇ m.
- the porous support those described above can be used.
- the material of the dense layer is not particularly limited.
- modified polyethersulfone, cellulose ester (eg, cellulose acetate), polyamide (eg, aromatic polyamide), polyester, polyimide, vinyl polymer, polyethersulfone, and ethylene-vinyl alcohol may be used.
- a polymer material such as a polymer can be used.
- the dense layer is preferably made of modified polyethersulfone. At this time, the surface of the dense layer has a high charge density. Therefore, the dense layer easily swells due to the polar solvent. When the liquid 7 contains a polar solvent, when a pressure is applied to the main surface of the dense layer swollen with the polar solvent, the active ingredient together with the polar solvent can easily pass through the dense layer.
- the thickness of the release control layer 3 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 200 ⁇ m, and more preferably 20 to 75 ⁇ m.
- the area of the main surface 31 of the release control layer 3 is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 1 to 1000 cm 2 , and preferably 5 to 500 cm 2 .
- the molecular weight cutoff of the release control layer 3 is, for example, 20,000 or less, preferably 10,000 or less, and more preferably 3,000 or less.
- the molecular weight cutoff of the release controlling layer 3 may be 200 to 20,000 or 200 to 1,000.
- the molecular weight cutoff of the release control layer 3 is determined by the structure of the microporous membrane or the dense layer.
- the molecular weight cutoff of the release control layer 3 can be specified by a known method.
- An example of a method for specifying the molecular weight cutoff of the release control layer 3 is as follows. First, a plurality of polyethylene glycols having different average molecular weights and a monodisperse molecular weight distribution are prepared.
- An aqueous solution containing one of a plurality of polyethylene glycols at a concentration of 5000 ppm is supplied to the release control layer 3 at a temperature of 25 ° C. and a pressure of 4 kg / cm 2 .
- the exclusion rate of polyethylene glycol can be measured.
- the exclusion rate is measured for other polyethylene glycols.
- a fractionation curve showing the relationship between the obtained exclusion rate and the average molecular weight of polyethylene glycol is created. Based on the fractionation curve, the average molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol at which the exclusion rate is 90% is specified.
- the specified average molecular weight can be regarded as the cut-off molecular weight of the release control layer 3.
- the molecular weight cut off of the release control layer 3 may be, for example, 2 to 20 times the molecular weight Mw of the compound having the largest molecular weight among the compounds contained in the active ingredient held in the holding chamber 6, and may be 4 to 4 times. It may be ten times.
- the molecular weight cutoff of the release control layer 3 is 2 to 20 times the molecular weight Mw, the molecular weight cutoff may be a value larger than 20,000 in some cases.
- the release control layer 3 appropriately controls the release rate of the active ingredient released from the holding unit 1.
- the release rate of the active ingredient per 1 cm 2 of the area of the main surface of the release control layer 3 is, for example, less than 0.39 ⁇ g / hour, preferably 0.1 ⁇ g / hour. It is less than 30 ⁇ g / hour, more preferably less than 0.20 ⁇ g / hour, even more preferably less than 0.10 ⁇ g / hour, particularly preferably 0 ⁇ g / hour.
- pressure means a pressure applied from the outside of the holding unit 1 and does not include a pressure due to the weight of the holding unit 1 including the liquid 7.
- the release rate of the active ingredient per 1 cm 2 of the area of the main surface of the release control layer 3 Is, for example, at least 0.39 ⁇ g / hour, preferably at least 1 ⁇ g / hour, more preferably at least 5 ⁇ g / hour, even more preferably at least 10 ⁇ g / hour, particularly preferably at least 40 ⁇ g / hour. .
- the release rate of the active ingredient per 1 cm 2 of the area of the main surface of the release control layer 3 is not limited to the above range.
- the effective component per 1 cm 2 of the area of the main surface of the release control layer 3 is applied in a state where the pressure is externally applied to the holding unit 1.
- the release rate may be, for example, 0.39 ⁇ g / hr or more, 1 ⁇ g / hr or more, 5 ⁇ g / hr or more, 10 ⁇ g / hr or more, 40 ⁇ g / hr. It may be the above.
- the release rate of the active ingredient per 1 cm 2 of the area of the main surface of the release control layer 3 can be measured by the measuring device 80 shown in FIG.
- the measuring device 80 is, for example, a Wintech polypropylene filter holder PPH-47 having a holder 81, a fixing member 82, and a pressing member 83.
- the holder 81 has a projection 81a for disposing a film 3a (release control film 3a) corresponding to the release control layer 3, and an opening 81b for releasing the liquid 7 that has passed through the film 3a.
- the pressing member 83 is disposed on the membrane 3a.
- the pressing member 83 has an opening 83a for applying pressure to the main surface of the film 3a.
- the fixing member 82 can fix the film 3 a and the pressing member 83 by screwing with the holder 81.
- the fixing member 82 has an opening 82a for exposing the opening 83a of the pressing member 83 to the outside.
- the release rate of the active ingredient can be measured by the following method. First, the release control film 3a is arranged on the protrusion 81a of the holder 81, and the liquid 7 is poured on the film 3a. Next, the pressing member 83 is disposed on the liquid 7. The fixing member 82 is screwed with the holder 81 to fix the film 3a and the pressing member 83. Next, pressure is applied to the main surface of the film 3a by introducing an inert gas such as nitrogen from the opening 83a of the pressurizing member 83. The measuring device 80 is allowed to stand still for a certain time (for example, three hours) while a certain pressure (for example, 0.15 MPa) is applied to the main surface of the film 3a.
- a certain pressure for example, 0.15 MPa
- the liquid 7 discharged from the opening 81b is collected in the container 90, and the weight of the discharged liquid 7 and the concentration of the active ingredient in the liquid 7 are measured. Based on the weight of the released liquid 7 and the concentration of the active ingredient in the liquid 7, the release rate of the active ingredient per 1 cm 2 of the release control film 3a, that is, the area of the main surface of the release control layer 3, can be calculated.
- the adhesive layer 4 contains, for example, an adhesive polymer.
- the content of the adhesive polymer in the adhesive layer 4 is, for example, 50% by weight or more.
- the adhesive polymer include acrylic polymers such as (meth) acrylate polymers; styrene-diene-styrene block copolymers (styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer (SBS), styrene-butadiene-styrene).
- Rubber-based polymers such as block copolymers (SIS), polyisoprene, polyisobutylene, and polybutadiene; silicone-based polymers such as silicone rubber, dimethylsiloxane-based, and diphenylsiloxane-based; polyvinyl methyl ether, polyvinyl ethyl ether, polyvinyl isobutyl ether, and the like Vinyl ether polymers; vinyl acetate polymers such as vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer; dimethyl terephthalate, dimethyl isophthalate, dimethyl phthalate, etc. An ester-based polymer composed of a polyhydric alcohol component such as carboxylic acid component and ethylene glycol.
- the adhesive polymer may have a crosslinked structure.
- the acrylic polymer a copolymer of an alkyl (meth) acrylate and a functional monomer is preferable.
- the acrylic polymer contains a structural unit derived from an alkyl (meth) acrylate as a main component.
- main component means a structural unit contained in the polymer in an amount of 50% or more by weight.
- the acrylic polymer contains 50 to 99% by weight, preferably 60 to 95% by weight of a structural unit derived from an alkyl (meth) acrylate.
- alkyl group of the alkyl (meth) acrylate examples include linear or branched alkyl groups having 4 to 13 carbon atoms (butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, heptyl group, octyl group, 2-ethylhexyl group, Nonyl group, decyl group, undecyl group, dodecyl group, tridecyl group, etc.).
- the alkyl (meth) acrylate is preferably 2-ethylhexyl acrylate.
- the acrylic polymer may include a structural unit derived from one or more alkyl (meth) acrylates.
- a functional monomer is a compound having at least one unsaturated double bond involved in a copolymerization reaction in a molecule and having a functional group in a side chain.
- the functional monomer include carboxyl group-containing monomers such as (meth) acrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, and maleic anhydride; hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate Hydroxyl group-containing monomers such as esters; sulfoxyl group-containing monomers such as styrenesulfonic acid, allylsulfonic acid, sulfopropyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acryloyloxynaphthalenesulfonic acid, and acrylamidomethylpropanesulfonic acid; ) Amino group-containing monomers such as aminoethyl acrylate, dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate and tert-butyla
- the acrylic polymer may include a structural unit derived from one or more functional monomers.
- the functional monomer is preferably a carboxyl group-containing monomer from the viewpoints of pressure-sensitive adhesiveness of the adhesive layer 4, cohesiveness of the adhesive layer 4, release of an active ingredient from the adhesive layer 4, and the like, and particularly preferably. (Meth) acrylic acid.
- the acrylic polymer may further include a structural unit derived from a monomer other than the alkyl (meth) acrylate and the functional monomer.
- Other monomers include, for example, (meth) acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, methylvinylpyrrolidone, vinylpyridine, vinylpiperidone, vinylpyrimidine, vinylpiperazine, vinylpyrrole, vinylimidazole , Vinylcaprolactam and vinyloxazole.
- the acrylic polymer may include a structural unit derived from one or more kinds of other monomers.
- Ratio of the weight of the structural unit derived from another monomer to the total value of the weight of the structural unit derived from the alkyl (meth) acrylate and the weight of the structural unit derived from the functional monomer in the acrylic polymer Is preferably 0 to 40% by weight, more preferably 10 to 30% by weight.
- the acrylic polymer examples include ternary 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, acrylic acid and N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone from the viewpoint of adhesiveness to human skin and easiness of the operation of repeating adhesion and peeling. Copolymers are preferred.
- the weight ratio of the structural unit derived from 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, the structural unit derived from acrylic acid, and the structural unit derived from N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone is, for example, 40 to 99.8: 0. 1 to 10: 0.1 to 50, preferably 52 to 89: 1 to 8:10 to 40.
- the rubber-based polymer preferably contains, as a main component, any one selected from polyisobutylene, polyisoprene, and a styrene-diene-styrene block copolymer (SBS, SIS, etc.).
- the rubber-based polymer may be a high-molecular-weight polyisobutylene having a viscosity-average molecular weight of 500,000 to 2,100,000 and a viscosity-average molecular weight of 10
- Particularly preferred is a mixture of 2,000 to 200,000 low molecular weight polyisobutylene in a weight ratio of 95: 5 to 5:95.
- the adhesive layer 4 preferably further contains a tackifier (tackifier).
- tackifier tackifier
- the tackifier is not particularly limited, and a known tackifier can be used.
- the tackifier include petroleum resins (for example, aromatic petroleum resins, aliphatic petroleum resins, etc.), terpene resins, rosin resins, cumarone indene resins, styrene resins (for example, styrene resins, Poly ( ⁇ -methylstyrene), hydrogenated petroleum resin (eg, alicyclic saturated hydrocarbon resin, etc.).
- the adhesive layer 4 may include one or more tackifiers.
- the ratio of the weight of the tackifier to the weight of the rubber-based polymer is, for example, 33 to 300% by weight, and preferably 50 to 200% by weight.
- the adhesive layer 4 may further include a plasticizer. According to the plasticizer, the adhesive layer 4 can be softened by plasticizing the adhesive layer 4. This can reduce pain and skin irritation caused on the skin when the structure 10 is peeled from the skin.
- the content of the plasticizer in the adhesive layer 4 is preferably 1 to 70% by weight, more preferably 20 to 60% by weight.
- plasticizer examples include oils and fats such as olive oil, castor oil, squalene, and lanolin; organic solvents such as decyl methyl sulfoxide, methyl octyl sulfoxide, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl acetamide, methyl pyrrolidone, dodecyl pyrrolidone; Surfactants such as ethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester and polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester; phthalic acid esters such as dibutyl phthalate, diheptyl phthalate and dioctyl phthalate; diethyl sebacate, dibutyl sebacate, dioctyl sebacate and the like Sebacates of liquid; hydrocarbons such as liquid paraffin; ethyl oleate, diisopropyl adipate, isopropyl palmitate, palmitin Octyl, isoprop
- the thickness of the adhesive layer 4 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 20 to 300 ⁇ m, more preferably 30 to 300 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 50 to 300 ⁇ m. At this time, the adhesive layer 4 has a sufficient adhesive strength, and the adhesive layer 4 can be easily produced.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 4 is preferably hydrophobic.
- the water content in the adhesive layer 4 is preferably 5% by weight or less, more preferably 2% by weight or less, and particularly preferably 1% by weight or less.
- the water content of the adhesive layer 4 can be measured by Karl Fischer coulometric titration.
- release film As the release film 5, those used in known transdermal preparations can be used. Examples of the release film 5 include a laminate of a release film substrate and a release layer, and a resin film having high release properties.
- resin films such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film, polyimide film, polypropylene film, polyethylene film, polycarbonate film, polyester (excluding PET) film, or these resin films
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- Metal-deposited films on which metals are deposited papers such as Japanese paper, western paper, kraft paper, glassine paper, high-quality paper; fibrous materials such as nonwoven fabrics and cloths; metal foils.
- the release layer contains, for example, a release agent.
- the release agent include a long-chain alkyl group-containing polymer, a silicone polymer (silicone-based release agent), and a fluorine-based polymer (fluorine-based release agent).
- the release layer may be a resin film having high releasability.
- the resin film having high releasability examples include polyethylene (eg, low-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene), polypropylene, ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer (eg, ethylene-propylene copolymer), and the like.
- the ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymer is a block copolymer or a random copolymer.
- the thickness of the release film 5 is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 200 ⁇ m or less, preferably 25 to 100 ⁇ m.
- the shape of the holding chamber 6 is not particularly limited. Examples of the shape of the holding chamber 6 when no pressure is applied from the outside include truncated cones, truncated pyramids, columns, prisms, domes, spheres, spheroids, lattices, and dots. Can be The maximum volume of the holding chamber 6 is, for example, 1 to 1000 cm 3 , and may be 10 to 200 cm 3 .
- the structure 10 may have a plurality of holding chambers 6. The total value of the maximum volumes of the plurality of holding chambers 6 may be 1 to 1000 cm 3 or 10 to 200 cm 3 .
- the active ingredient is, for example, a physiologically, especially pharmacologically active compound.
- an active ingredient containing a pharmacologically active compound may be referred to as a drug.
- the liquid 7 contains an active ingredient, for example, further contains a diluent for diluting the active ingredient.
- the active ingredient is a liquid, the liquid 7 may consist essentially of the active ingredient.
- Active ingredients include, for example, antifungals, general anesthetics, hypnotics and sedatives, antiepileptics, antipyretic analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs, analgesics, drugs for psychiatric nerves, local anesthetics, skeletal muscle relaxants, autonomic nerves Drugs, antispasmodics, antiparkinson drugs, antihistamines, inotropic drugs, arrhythmic drugs, diuretics, hypotensive drugs, vasoconstrictors, coronary vasodilators, peripheral vasodilators, arteriosclerotic drugs, cardiovascular drugs, Respiratory stimulants, antitussive expectorants, hormonal drugs, topical drugs for purulent diseases, analgesic / pruritic / astringent / anti-inflammatory drugs, drugs for parasitic skin diseases, drugs for hemostasis, drugs for gout, drugs for diabetes, anti-malignant Examples include components contained in oncology drugs, antibiotics, chemotherapeutic
- the active ingredient contains, for example, one or more physiologically active compounds.
- physiologically active compounds include, for example, terbinafine (molecular weight 327.89) having antifungal and antibacterial actions, and citral (molecular weight 152.2) having vasorelaxant, anti-inflammatory and analgesic actions.
- terbinafine molecular weight 327.89
- citral molecular weight 152.2
- the molecular weight Mw of the compound having the largest molecular weight is not particularly limited as long as the compound passes through the release controlling layer 3, but is, for example, 500 or less, preferably 100 to 400. .
- the content of the active ingredient in the liquid 7 is, for example, 0.01 to 100% by weight.
- the diluent is not particularly limited as long as the active ingredient can be diluted.
- the diluent may be a polar solvent.
- the diluent include lower alcohols such as ethanol and isopropanol; polyhydric alcohols such as propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, butylene glycol, glycerin, dipropylene glycol, octanediol, and diethylene glycol monoethyl ether; acetic acid, lactic acid, and capron Organic acids such as acid, enanthic acid, caprylic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid; esters such as ethyl acetate, isopropyl myristate, diethyl adipate and glyceryl monooleate; d-limonene, l-menthol and peppermint oil Terpenes; laurocapram (Azone); pyrothiodecane; ureas
- the liquid 7 may further contain additives such as a stabilizer, a gelling agent, and a transdermal absorption enhancer, if necessary.
- additives such as a stabilizer, a gelling agent, and a transdermal absorption enhancer, if necessary.
- the structure 10 is attached to the skin.
- the method for attaching the structure 10 to the skin is not particularly limited, and the structure 10 may be attached to the skin via the adhesive layer 4 or the structure 10 may be wound around the skin. As described above, when no external pressure is applied to the holding unit 1, little or no active ingredient is released from the holding unit 1.
- the release rate of the active ingredient can be adjusted according to the application of external pressure. That is, the release of the active ingredient from the structure 10 can be arbitrarily stopped or reduced while the structure 10 is in contact with the skin. Thereby, the structure 10 has high convenience.
- the release control layer 3 included in the structure 10 of the present embodiment a film that is usually used as a semipermeable membrane is used.
- the semipermeable membrane is used for filtering a specific component contained in a solution or for concentrating a specific component in a solution.
- a film corresponding to the release control layer 3 of the structure 10 of the present embodiment can be used as a film for controlling the release rate of the active ingredient.
- the structure 10 of the present embodiment is provided with the release control layer 3 employed by focusing on properties different from those of conventionally known semipermeable membranes.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-207456 discloses a bandage provided with a pressure responsive means such as a capsule. In this bandage, the capsule is ruptured by the application of pressure and the fluid held in the capsule is released.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-95604 discloses a shoe provided with a liquid athlete's foot drug held in microcapsules. In this shoe, the athlete's foot drug evaporates due to the collapse of the microcapsules due to the application of pressure.
- the active ingredient is released all at once.
- the effective component is released each time the pressure is applied to the holding unit 1 as long as the active component is held in the holding unit 1.
- the structure 10 of the present embodiment can be used repeatedly.
- Example 1 Using a polypropylene filter holder PPH-47 manufactured by Wintech and having the same structure as the measuring device 80 shown in FIG. 2, the release rate of the active ingredient per 1 cm 2 of the main surface area of the release control film was measured.
- NTR-7410 manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation was used as the release control film.
- NTR-7410 was an NF membrane having a dense layer made of modified polyethersulfone. The average pore size of the dense layer of NTR-7410 could not be identified by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) (S-4800 manufactured by Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation), and was confirmed to be smaller than 0.01 ⁇ m.
- SEM scanning electron microscope
- S-4800 manufactured by Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation
- the main surface of the release control film had a circular shape, and its diameter was 47 mm.
- an ethanol (EtOH) solution containing terbinafine (TBF) as an active ingredient was used as a liquid.
- the concentration of TBF in the ethanol solution was 1% by weight.
- the release rate of the active ingredient in a state where no pressure was applied to the main surface of the release control film was measured. Specifically, a release control film was placed in the holder of the measuring device, and 3 mL of the liquid was poured on the film. Next, a pressing member was arranged on the liquid. The fixing member was screwed into the holder, and the release control film and the pressing member were fixed. In this state, based on the weight of the liquid released by allowing the measuring apparatus to stand for 3 hours and the concentration of the active ingredient in the liquid, the release rate of the active ingredient per 1 cm 2 of the area of the main surface of the release control film was calculated. In Example 1, when no pressure was applied to the main surface of the release control film, the release rate of the active ingredient per 1 cm 2 of the main surface of the film was 0 ⁇ g / hour.
- Example 1 shows the results.
- Example 2 The release rate of the active ingredient per 1 cm 2 of the main surface of the release control film was measured by the same method as in Example 1 except that a propylene glycol (PG) solution containing TBF as an active ingredient was used as the liquid. did. Table 1 shows the results.
- PG propylene glycol
- Example 3 The same procedure as in Example 1 was repeated, except that an ethanol solution containing citral as an active ingredient was used as the liquid, and the concentration of citral in the ethanol solution was adjusted to 2.3% by weight. The release rate of the active ingredient per cm 2 of the main surface area was measured. Table 1 shows the results.
- Example 4 The release rate of the active ingredient per 1 cm 2 of the area of the main surface of the controlled release film was measured by the same method as in Example 3, except that a propylene glycol solution containing citral as an active ingredient was used as the liquid. Table 1 shows the results.
- Example 5 The release rate of the active ingredient per 1 cm 2 of the main surface of the release control film was measured by the same method as in Example 3 except that a butylene glycol (BG) solution containing citral as an active ingredient was used as the liquid. did. Table 1 shows the results.
- BG butylene glycol
- Example 6 The release rate of the active ingredient per 1 cm 2 area of the main surface of the release control film was measured by the same method as in Example 3 except that NTR-7430 manufactured by Nitto Denko was used as the release control film.
- NTR-7430 was an NF membrane having a dense layer made of modified polyethersulfone. The average pore size of the dense layer of NTR-7430 could not be specified by SEM, and was confirmed to be smaller than 0.01 ⁇ m. NTR-7430 had a molecular weight cut off of 2000. Table 1 shows the results.
- Example 7 The same method as in Example 1 was used except that NTR-7450 manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation was used as the release control film, and an ethylene glycol (EG) solution containing TBF as an active ingredient was used as the liquid. The release rate of the active ingredient per 1 cm 2 of the main surface area of the release control film was measured.
- NTR-7450 was an NF membrane having a dense layer made of modified polyethersulfone. The average pore size of the dense layer of NTR-7450 could not be specified by SEM, and was confirmed to be smaller than 0.01 ⁇ m. NTR-7450 had a cut-off molecular weight of 1000. Table 1 shows the results.
- Example 8 The release rate of the active ingredient per 1 cm 2 of the main surface of the release control film was measured by the same method as in Example 7, except that a butylene glycol solution containing TBF as an active ingredient was used as the liquid. Table 1 shows the results.
- Example 9 The release rate of the active ingredient per 1 cm 2 of the main surface area of the release control film was measured by the same method as in Example 1 except that NTR-7470 manufactured by Nitto Denko was used as the release control film.
- NTR-7470 was an NF membrane having a dense layer made of modified polyethersulfone. The average pore size of the dense layer of NTR-7470 could not be specified by SEM, and was confirmed to be smaller than 0.01 ⁇ m. NTR-7470 had a cut-off molecular weight of 700. Table 1 shows the results.
- Example 10 The release rate of the active ingredient per 1 cm 2 of the area of the main surface of the release control film was measured by the same method as in Example 3 except that NTR-7470 manufactured by Nitto Denko was used as the release control film. Table 1 shows the results.
- Example 11 Release was performed in the same manner as in Example 3 except that PES-10K manufactured by Nitto Denko was used as the release control film, and a grape seed oil solution containing citral as an active ingredient was used as the liquid. The release rate of the active ingredient per 1 cm 2 of the area of the main surface of the control film was measured.
- PES-10K was a UF membrane with a microporous membrane made of polyethersulfone. The average pore size of the microporous membrane of PES-10K was 5 nm. PES-10K had a cut-off molecular weight of 10,000.
- Grape seed oil is a vegetable oil containing fatty acids such as oleic acid and linoleic acid. Table 1 shows the results.
- Example 12 The release rate of the active ingredient per 1 cm 2 of the main surface area of the release control film was measured by the same method as in Example 3 except that PROC10 manufactured by Nitto Denko was used as the release control film.
- PROC10 was a RO membrane having a dense layer made of aromatic polyamide. The average pore size of the dense layer of PROC10 could not be specified by SEM, and was confirmed to be smaller than 0.01 ⁇ m.
- PROC10 had a molecular weight cut off of less than 300. Table 1 shows the results.
- Example 1 The release rate of the active ingredient per 1 cm 2 of the area of the main surface of Celgard 2400 was measured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that Celgard 2400 manufactured by Polypore was used instead of NTR-7410.
- Celgard 2400 was a monolayer film made of polypropylene. The average pore size of Celgard 2400 was 0.028 ⁇ m. Celgard 2400 had a molecular weight cut off of 60000. Table 1 shows the results.
- Example 2 The release rate of the active ingredient per 1 cm 2 of the area of the main surface of Celgard 2400 was measured by the same method as in Example 3 except that Celgard 2400 manufactured by Polypore was used instead of NTR-7410. Table 1 shows the results.
- the release rate of the active ingredient when no pressure was applied to the main surface of the release control film was less than 0.39 ( ⁇ g / cm 2 ⁇ hour).
- the release rate of the active ingredient was 0.39 ( ⁇ g / cm 2 ⁇ hour) or more when a pressure of 0.15 MPa was applied to the main surface of the release control film. From these results, it was found that the release control films used in Examples 1 to 12 were suitable for the release control layer of the structure of the present embodiment.
- the concentration of the active ingredient in the liquid did not change before and after the liquid passed through the controlled release membrane.
- the structure of the present embodiment can be used for various uses such as a percutaneous absorption type preparation and a bandage.
- the structure of this embodiment is useful as a transdermal preparation to be applied to a site to which pressure is applied from the outside, for example, a sole, a knee or an arm.
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Abstract
Description
有効成分を保持する保持部と、当該有効成分の外部への放出を制御する放出制御層とを備え、
i)前記放出制御層は平均孔径が0.01μm以下である微孔膜を含む、及びii)前記放出制御層はナノろ過膜又は逆浸透膜である、の少なくとも1つが成立する、構造体、を提供する。
有効成分を保持する保持部と、当該有効成分の外部への放出を制御する放出制御層とを備え、
前記放出制御層の分画分子量が20000以下である、構造体、を提供する。
有効成分を保持する保持部と、当該有効成分の外部への放出を制御する放出制御層とを備え、
前記保持部に外部から圧力が印加されていない状態において、前記放出制御層の主面の面積1cm2当たりの前記有効成分の放出速度が0.39μg/時未満であり、
前記放出制御層の前記主面に0.15MPaの圧力が伝わるように前記保持部に外部から圧力が印加された状態において、前記放出制御層の前記主面の面積1cm2当たりの前記有効成分の放出速度が0.39μg/時以上である、構造体、を提供する。
図1に示すように、本実施形態の構造体10は、有効成分を保持する保持部1を備えている。構造体10は、構造体10の外部8と保持部1との間に配置された放出制御層3をさらに備えている。保持部1から放出される有効成分は、放出制御層3を通過する。放出制御層3は、有効成分の外部8への放出を制御する。構造体10は、例えば、保持部1と放出制御層3との積層体である。保持部1は、支持層2と、支持層2と放出制御層3との間に形成された保持室6とを備えている。保持室6は、支持層2の放出制御層側の主面21と放出制御層3の支持層側の主面31との間に形成されたスペースである。図1に示した形態では、支持層2及び放出制御層3は、保持室6の周囲においてそれらの主面21、31が互いに接合され、保持室6を囲んでいる。図1に示すように、支持層2は、所望の内部容量の保持室6が放出制御層3との間に確保されるように、撓んだ形状で放出制御層3に接合されていてもよい。支持層2と放出制御層3とは、保持室6を囲んだ状態で一体化されていてもよい。
支持層2は、有効成分が通過しないものであることが好ましい。支持層2は、単層膜であってもよく、複層膜であってもよい。支持層2が単層膜である場合、支持層2は、無孔膜であることが好ましい。支持層2が複層膜である場合、支持層2は、無孔膜と多孔膜との積層体であってもよい。ただし、支持層2は、放出制御層3からの有効成分の放出を阻害しない限り、有効成分が通過するものであってもよい。支持層2は、放出制御層3として機能する膜であってもよい。
以下、放出制御層の第一~第三形態を説明する。放出制御層は、各形態で説明する特徴を適宜組み合わせて有していてもよい。
本形態では、i)放出制御層3は平均孔径が0.01μm以下である微孔膜を含む、及びii)放出制御層3はナノろ過膜(NF膜)又は逆浸透膜(RO膜)である、の少なくとも1つが成立する。これにより、放出制御層3は、有効成分の透過量を適切に制御できる。i)の平均孔径は、0.1nm以上であってもよく、0.001μm以上であってもよい。
本形態では、放出制御層3の分画分子量は、例えば20000以下であり、好ましくは10000以下であり、より好ましくは3000以下である。放出制御層3の分画分子量は、200~20000であってもよく、200~1000であってもよい。放出制御層3の分画分子量は、微孔膜又は緻密層の構造などによって定まる。放出制御層3の分画分子量は、公知の方法によって特定することができる。放出制御層3の分画分子量を特定する方法の一例は、以下のとおりである。まず、平均分子量が互いに異なり、かつ、分子量分布が単分散性である複数のポリエチレングリコールを準備する。複数のポリエチレングリコールのうちの1つを5000ppmの濃度で含有する水溶液を温度25℃、圧力4kg/cm2の条件下で放出制御層3の膜面に供給する。これにより、ポリエチレングリコールの排除率を測定できる。同様の方法で、他のポリエチレングリコールについて、排除率を測定する。得られた排除率とポリエチレングリコールの平均分子量との関係を示した分画曲線を作成する。分画曲線に基づいて、排除率が90%となるポリエチレングリコールの平均分子量を特定する。特定した平均分子量を放出制御層3の分画分子量とみなすことができる。
本形態では、放出制御層3は、保持部1から放出される有効成分の放出速度を適切に制御する。保持部1に外部からの圧力が印加されていない状態において、放出制御層3の主面の面積1cm2当たりの有効成分の放出速度は、例えば0.39μg/時未満であり、好ましくは0.30μg/時未満であり、より好ましくは0.20μg/時未満であり、さらに好ましくは0.10μg/時未満であり、特に好ましくは0μg/時である。ここで、「圧力」は、保持部1の外部から加えられる圧力を意味し、液体7を含む保持部1の自重による圧力を含まない。放出制御層3の主面に0.15MPaの圧力が伝わるように、保持部1に外部から圧力が印加された状態において、放出制御層3の主面の面積1cm2当たりの有効成分の放出速度は、例えば0.39μg/時以上であり、好ましくは1μg/時以上であり、より好ましくは5μg/時以上であり、さらに好ましくは10μg/時以上であり、特に好ましくは40μg/時以上である。
粘着層4としては、公知の経皮吸収型製剤に用いられるものを利用できる。粘着層4は、例えば、粘着性ポリマーを含んでいる。粘着層4における粘着性ポリマーの含有率は、例えば、50重量%以上である。粘着性ポリマーとしては、例えば、(メタ)アクリル酸エステル系ポリマーなどのアクリル系ポリマー;スチレン-ジエン-スチレンブロック共重合体(スチレン-イソプレン-スチレンブロック共重合体(SBS)、スチレン-ブタジエン-スチレンブロック共重合体(SIS))、ポリイソプレン、ポリイソブチレン、ポリブタジエンなどのゴム系ポリマー;シリコーンゴム、ジメチルシロキサンベース、ジフェニルシロキサンベースなどのシリコーン系ポリマー;ポリビニルメチルエーテル、ポリビニルエチルエーテル、ポリビニルイソブチルエーテルなどのビニルエーテル系ポリマー;酢酸ビニル-エチレン共重合体などのビニルエステル系ポリマー;ジメチルテレフタレート、ジメチルイソフタレート、ジメチルフタレートなどのカルボン酸成分とエチレングリコールなどの多価アルコール成分とからなるエステル系ポリマーなどが挙げられる。粘着性ポリマーは、架橋構造を有していてもよい。
剥離フィルム5としては、公知の経皮吸収型製剤に用いられるものを利用できる。剥離フィルム5としては、例えば、剥離フィルム用基材と剥離層との積層体、及び、高い剥離性を有する樹脂フィルムが挙げられる。
保持室6の形状は、特に限定されない。外部から圧力が印加されていない状態における保持室6の形状としては、例えば、円錐台状、角錐台状、円柱状、角柱状、ドーム状、球状、楕円体状、格子状及びドット状が挙げられる。保持室6の最大容積は、例えば1~1000cm3であり、10~200cm3であってもよい。なお、構造体10は、複数の保持室6を有していてもよい。複数の保持室6のそれぞれの最大容積の合計値が1~1000cm3であってもよく、10~200cm3であってもよい。
有効成分は、例えば、生理学的、特に薬理学的に活性な化合物である。本明細書では、薬理学的に活性な化合物を含む有効成分を薬物と呼ぶことがある。液体7は、有効成分を含み、例えば、有効成分を希釈する希釈剤をさらに含む。有効成分が液体であるとき、液体7は、実質的に有効成分からなっていてもよい。有効成分としては、例えば、抗真菌薬、全身性麻酔薬、催眠・鎮静薬、抗癲癇薬、解熱鎮痛消炎薬、鎮暈薬、精神神経用薬、局所麻酔薬、骨格筋弛緩薬、自律神経用薬、鎮痙薬、抗パーキンソン薬、抗ヒスタミン薬、強心薬、不整脈用薬、利尿薬、血圧降下薬、血管収縮薬、冠血管拡張薬、末梢血管拡張薬、動脈硬化用薬、循環器用薬、呼吸促進薬、鎮咳去痰薬、ホルモン薬、化膿性疾患用外用薬、鎮痛・鎮痒・収斂・消炎用薬、寄生性皮膚疾患用薬、止血用薬、痛風治療用薬、糖尿病用薬、抗悪性腫瘍用薬、抗生物質、化学療法薬、麻薬、抗統合失調症薬、抗うつ薬、禁煙補助薬などに含まれる成分が挙げられる。ただし、有効成分は、生理学的に活性な化合物を含んでいなくてもよい。有効成分は、化粧料、香料、制汗剤、昆虫忌避剤、消臭剤などに含まれる成分であってもよい。
次に、構造体10の使用方法の一例を説明する。
図2に示す測定装置80と同じ構造を有するウインテック社製のポリプロピレンフィルターホルダPPH-47を用いて、放出制御膜の主面の面積1cm2当たりの有効成分の放出速度を測定した。放出制御膜としては、日東電工社製のNTR-7410を用いた。NTR-7410は、変性ポリエーテルスルホンでできた緻密層を有するNF膜であった。NTR-7410の緻密層の平均孔径は、走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)(日立ハイテクノロジーズ社製S-4800)によって特定することができず、0.01μmよりも小さいことが確認された。NTR-7410は、3000の分画分子量を有していた。放出制御膜の主面は、円の形状を有し、その直径は、47mmであった。液体としては、テルビナフィン(TBF)を有効成分として含むエタノール(EtOH)溶液を用いた。エタノール溶液におけるTBFの濃度は、1重量%であった。
液体として、TBFを有効成分として含むプロピレングリコール(PG)溶液を用いたことを除いて、実施例1と同じ方法によって、放出制御膜の主面の面積1cm2当たりの有効成分の放出速度を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
液体として、シトラールを有効成分として含むエタノール溶液を用いたこと、及び、エタノール溶液におけるシトラールの濃度を2.3重量%に調節したことを除いて、実施例1と同じ方法によって、放出制御膜の主面の面積1cm2当たりの有効成分の放出速度を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
液体として、シトラールを有効成分として含むプロピレングリコール溶液を用いたことを除いて、実施例3と同じ方法によって、放出制御膜の主面の面積1cm2当たりの有効成分の放出速度を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
液体として、シトラールを有効成分として含むブチレングリコール(BG)溶液を用いたことを除いて、実施例3と同じ方法によって、放出制御膜の主面の面積1cm2当たりの有効成分の放出速度を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
放出制御膜として、日東電工社製のNTR-7430を用いたことを除いて、実施例3と同じ方法によって、放出制御膜の主面の面積1cm2当たりの有効成分の放出速度を測定した。NTR-7430は、変性ポリエーテルスルホンでできた緻密層を有するNF膜であった。NTR-7430の緻密層の平均孔径は、SEMによって特定することができず、0.01μmよりも小さいことが確認された。NTR-7430は、2000の分画分子量を有していた。結果を表1に示す。
放出制御膜として、日東電工社製のNTR-7450を用いたこと、及び、液体として、TBFを有効成分として含むエチレングリコール(EG)溶液を用いたことを除いて、実施例1と同じ方法によって、放出制御膜の主面の面積1cm2当たりの有効成分の放出速度を測定した。NTR-7450は、変性ポリエーテルスルホンでできた緻密層を有するNF膜であった。NTR-7450の緻密層の平均孔径は、SEMによって特定することができず、0.01μmよりも小さいことが確認された。NTR-7450は、1000の分画分子量を有していた。結果を表1に示す。
液体として、TBFを有効成分として含むブチレングリコール溶液を用いたことを除いて、実施例7と同じ方法によって、放出制御膜の主面の面積1cm2当たりの有効成分の放出速度を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
放出制御膜として、日東電工社製のNTR-7470を用いたことを除いて、実施例1と同じ方法によって、放出制御膜の主面の面積1cm2当たりの有効成分の放出速度を測定した。NTR-7470は、変性ポリエーテルスルホンでできた緻密層を有するNF膜であった。NTR-7470の緻密層の平均孔径は、SEMによって特定することができず、0.01μmよりも小さいことが確認された。NTR-7470は、700の分画分子量を有していた。結果を表1に示す。
放出制御膜として、日東電工社製のNTR-7470を用いたことを除いて、実施例3と同じ方法によって、放出制御膜の主面の面積1cm2当たりの有効成分の放出速度を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
放出制御膜として、日東電工社製のPES-10Kを用いたこと、及び、液体として、シトラールを有効成分として含むグレープシードオイル溶液を用いたことを除いて、実施例3と同じ方法によって、放出制御膜の主面の面積1cm2当たりの有効成分の放出速度を測定した。PES-10Kは、ポリエーテルスルホンでできた微孔膜を有するUF膜であった。PES-10Kの微孔膜の平均孔径は、5nmであった。PES-10Kは、10000の分画分子量を有していた。グレープシードオイルは、オレイン酸、リノール酸などの脂肪酸を含む植物油である。結果を表1に示す。
放出制御膜として、日東電工社製のPROC10を用いたことを除いて、実施例3と同じ方法によって、放出制御膜の主面の面積1cm2当たりの有効成分の放出速度を測定した。PROC10は、芳香族ポリアミドでできた緻密層を有するRO膜であった。PROC10の緻密層の平均孔径は、SEMによって特定することができず、0.01μmよりも小さいことが確認された。PROC10は、300未満の分画分子量を有していた。結果を表1に示す。
NTR-7410に代えて、ポリポア社製のCelgard 2400を用いたことを除いて、実施例1と同じ方法によって、Celgard 2400の主面の面積1cm2当たりの有効成分の放出速度を測定した。Celgard 2400は、ポリプロピレン製の単層膜であった。Celgard 2400の平均孔径は、0.028μmであった。Celgard 2400は、60000の分画分子量を有していた。結果を表1に示す。
NTR-7410に代えて、ポリポア社製のCelgard 2400を用いたことを除いて、実施例3と同じ方法によって、Celgard 2400の主面の面積1cm2当たりの有効成分の放出速度を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
Claims (8)
- 有効成分を保持する保持部と、当該有効成分の外部への放出を制御する放出制御層とを備え、
i)前記放出制御層は平均孔径が0.01μm以下である微孔膜を含む、及びii)前記放出制御層はナノろ過膜又は逆浸透膜である、の少なくとも1つが成立する、構造体。 - 有効成分を保持する保持部と、当該有効成分の外部への放出を制御する放出制御層とを備え、
前記放出制御層の分画分子量が20000以下である、構造体。 - 有効成分を保持する保持部と、当該有効成分の外部への放出を制御する放出制御層とを備え、
前記保持部に外部から圧力が印加されていない状態において、前記放出制御層の主面の面積1cm2当たりの前記有効成分の放出速度が0.39μg/時未満であり、
前記放出制御層の前記主面に0.15MPaの圧力が伝わるように前記保持部に外部から圧力が印加された状態において、前記放出制御層の前記主面の面積1cm2当たりの前記有効成分の放出速度が0.39μg/時以上である、構造体。 - 前記放出制御層がナノろ過膜である、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の構造体。
- 前記ナノろ過膜が緻密層を含み、
前記緻密層が変性ポリエーテルスルホンでできている、請求項4に記載の構造体。 - 前記保持部は、支持層と、前記支持層と前記放出制御層との間に形成された保持室とを備えている、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の構造体。
- 前記有効成分は、抗真菌作用、抗菌作用、抗炎症作用、鎮痛作用及び血管弛緩作用からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1つの作用を有する化合物を含む、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の構造体。
- 前記放出制御層の主面に配置された粘着層をさらに備えた、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の構造体。
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- 2019-04-10 BR BR112020025315-4A patent/BR112020025315A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2019-04-10 US US17/257,247 patent/US20210228475A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2019-04-10 EP EP19831440.3A patent/EP3818976A4/en not_active Withdrawn
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EP3818976A1 (en) | 2021-05-12 |
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