WO2019245025A1 - 鋼板、テーラードブランク、熱間プレス成形品、鋼管、中空状焼入れ成形品、及び鋼板の製造方法 - Google Patents
鋼板、テーラードブランク、熱間プレス成形品、鋼管、中空状焼入れ成形品、及び鋼板の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
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- B21C37/08—Making tubes with welded or soldered seams
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- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
- B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
- B21C37/154—Making multi-wall tubes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
- B21D22/022—Stamping using rigid devices or tools by heating the blank or stamping associated with heat treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
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- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D35/00—Combined processes according to or processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
- B21D35/002—Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
- B21D35/005—Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00 characterized by the material of the blank or the workpiece
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- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
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- B23K33/00—Specially-profiled edge portions of workpieces for making soldering or welding connections; Filling the seams formed thereby
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- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
- B23K35/3073—Fe as the principal constituent with Mn as next major constituent
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- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
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- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
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- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
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- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
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Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a steel plate, a tailored blank, a hot press-formed product, a steel pipe, a hollow quenched molded product, and a method for manufacturing a steel plate.
- This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-119189 filed in Japan on June 22, 2018 and Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-119190 filed in Japan on June 22, 2018. Is hereby incorporated by reference.
- Hot press molding (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “hot stamping”) has attracted attention as one of the techniques for molding automotive members.
- the hot stamp heats a steel sheet to a high temperature, press-molds the steel sheet in a temperature range equal to or higher than the Ar3 transformation temperature, cools rapidly by removing heat from a mold, and causes transformation at the same time as molding under a press pressure.
- it is a technique capable of manufacturing a hot press molded product having high strength and excellent shape freezing properties (hereinafter, may be referred to as “hot stamp molded product” in some cases).
- butt-welded members in which end faces of at least two steel plates are joined by laser welding, plasma welding, or the like.
- the tailored blank joins a plurality of steel plates according to the purpose, so that the thickness and the strength can be freely changed in one part.
- the tailored blank can improve the functionality of the automobile member and reduce the number of automobile members.
- hot stamping using a tailored blank a high-strength press-formed product in which the plate thickness, strength, and the like are freely changed can be manufactured.
- the tailored blank is heated to a temperature range of, for example, 800 ° C. to 1000 ° C. For this reason, a steel plate plated with aluminum such as Al-Si having a high plating boiling point is often used as a tailored blank for hot stamping.
- An object of the present disclosure is to provide a steel sheet, a tailored blank, and a hot press excellent in fatigue strength of a joint, and excellent in corrosion resistance after coating of a weld even after coating on a weld formed during butt welding. It is intended to provide a method for producing a molded product, a steel pipe, a hollow quenched molded product, and a steel plate.
- ⁇ Means for solving the above problems include the following aspects.
- a base material steel plate on the surface of the base material steel plate, an intermetallic compound layer, a plated portion provided with an aluminum plating layer in order from the base material steel plate side, and an exposed portion where the base material steel plate is exposed.
- a steel sheet perpendicular to the thickness direction of the steel sheet, and in a first direction from the plated part toward one edge of the steel sheet, on both surfaces of the base steel sheet, at least the plated part, The exposed portion and the edge of the steel sheet are arranged in this order, the first direction, and the edge side of the steel sheet and the base material when viewed from a cross-section parallel to the thickness direction of the steel sheet.
- the shape of the end of the plating part on the outer side from the inside of the steel sheet toward the surface of the base steel sheet is a curve convex to the first direction side represented by a radius of curvature R1, wherein R1 is A steel plate that satisfies the formula (1).
- Formula (1) 5 ⁇ m ⁇ R1 ⁇ 2> The steel sheet according to ⁇ 1>, wherein in the cross section, the shape of the end of the exposed portion on the plating portion side is a concave curve represented by a radius of curvature R2, and the R2 satisfies the following expression (2).
- the depth of the exposed portion is D is the steel sheet according to ⁇ 2>, wherein D, R1, and R2 satisfy the following expression (3).
- the base steel sheet is, in mass%, C: 0.02% to 0.58%, Mn: 0.20% to 3.00%, Al: 0.005% to 0.06%, P: 0.
- ⁇ 5> The steel sheet according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 4>, wherein the average thickness of the aluminum plating layer is 8 ⁇ m to 35 ⁇ m, and the average thickness of the intermetallic compound layer is 3 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m.
- ⁇ 6> A tailored blank having a weld metal portion adjacent to the exposed portion of the steel sheet according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 5>.
- ⁇ 7> A tailored blank having at least two steel sheets according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 5>, and having a weld metal part adjacent to the exposed part, among the at least two steel sheets.
- Formula (4) ((D1 + D2) / t) ⁇ 100 ⁇ 20 ⁇ 8> A hot press-formed product using the tailored blank according to ⁇ 6> or ⁇ 7>.
- a steel sheet, a tailored blank, and a hot press which have excellent fatigue strength of a joint, and have excellent corrosion resistance after painting of a welded part, even after coating on a weld formed at the time of butt welding.
- a method for producing a molded product, a steel pipe, a hollow quenched molded product, and a steel plate is provided.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view illustrating another example of the tailored blank of the present disclosure. It is an expanded sectional view showing another example of an end of a steel plate of the present disclosure. 18 is an enlarged sectional view illustrating an end of Comparative Example 18.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view illustrating another example of the tailored blank of the present disclosure. It is an expanded sectional view showing another example of an end of a steel plate of the present disclosure.
- a numerical range represented by using “to” means a range including numerical values described before and after “to” as a lower limit and an upper limit.
- the content of a component (element) for example, in the case of the content of C (carbon), may be described as “C content”. Further, the content of other elements may be similarly described.
- the term "step” is used not only for an independent step but also for the case where the intended purpose of the step is achieved even if it cannot be clearly distinguished from other steps. included.
- the terms “base metal steel sheet”, “intermetallic compound layer”, and “aluminum plating layer” are described in “base metal steel sheet, intermetallic compound layer, and definition of range of aluminum plating layer” described below.
- the term “thickness direction” means a direction in which the thickness of a steel plate at the center in the width direction is measured.
- the term “end surface of the steel plate” means a surface of the surface of the steel plate that is exposed in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction.
- the term “edge of the steel sheet” means a portion adjacent to the end face of the steel sheet.
- the term “edge of the steel sheet” is located around the steel sheet, and is measured from the end face of the steel sheet to the entire width of the steel sheet (that is, the length from the edge to the edge of the opposite steel sheet). ) Represents an area ranging up to 20%. That is, the “edge” occupies an area of 20% at both ends of the entire board width dimension (40% in total).
- the term “central portion of the steel sheet” refers to a range from the end face of the region to within 20% of the entire sheet width dimension (that is, the length from the edge to the edge of the opposed steel sheet).
- the "center" of the steel sheet is an area other than the end of the steel sheet, and occupies 60% of the entire width of the steel sheet.
- the end of the plated portion is located around the plated portion, and is measured from the end face of the plated portion to the entire width of the plated portion (that is, from the edge of the opposed plated portion to the edge. Represents a range of up to 20% of the length.
- the end of the exposed portion indicates an area ranging from the end of the exposed portion to within 20% of the width of the exposed portion.
- the term “section” of a steel sheet indicates a section cut in the thickness direction. Specifically, in FIGS. 1 and 5, Z is the thickness direction of the steel plate 100, and X is the longitudinal direction of the exposed portion 22 (the direction perpendicular to the display surface in FIGS. 1 and 5).
- a direction orthogonal to the direction Z and the direction X is defined as Y.
- the cross section means a cross section cut along the YZ plane.
- welding portion refers to a region including the weld metal portion, the exposed portion of the steel plate located around the weld metal portion, and the periphery of the plating portion on the weld metal side.
- a steel sheet according to the present disclosure includes a base steel sheet, aluminum plating layers provided on both sides of the base steel sheet, and an intermetallic compound layer formed between the base steel sheet and the aluminum plating layer.
- the steel sheet of the present disclosure has an exposed part where the base metal steel sheet is exposed on both sides of an end part of the steel sheet, and a remaining part formed on the center side of the exposed part (hereinafter, also referred to as a plating part). ), And has a plated portion where the aluminum plating layer and the intermetallic compound layer remain in a region other than the exposed portion.
- the steel plate of the present disclosure at least the plated portion, the exposed portion, and the edge of the steel plate are arranged in this order on both surfaces of the base steel plate in the first direction. Further, when the boundary between the exposed portion and the plated portion is viewed from the cross section, a plated portion formed by a convex curve represented by a radius of curvature R1 is formed on the outer surface of the steel sheet at the boundary between the exposed portion and the plated portion. Have. Then, R1 satisfies the following expression (1).
- the steel sheet of the present disclosure has a first direction, and an edge side of the steel sheet and an external side from the inside of the base steel sheet toward the surface of the base steel sheet when viewed from a cross section parallel to the thickness direction of the steel sheet.
- the shape of the end portion of the plated portion is a curve convex in the first direction represented by the radius of curvature R1, and the R1 satisfies the following expression (1).
- the shape of the end of the exposed portion on the plated portion side may be a concave curve represented by a radius of curvature R2.
- R2 satisfies the following equation (2).
- Formula (2) 260 ⁇ m ⁇ R2
- the shape of the steel plate is not particularly limited.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an example of an end portion of a steel plate according to the present disclosure.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating an example of an end portion of the steel plate according to the present disclosure.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating another example of the end portion of the steel plate of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating another example of the end portion of the steel plate of the present disclosure.
- 1, 2, 5, and 6, 100 denotes a steel plate
- 12 denotes a base steel plate
- 14 denotes an aluminum plating layer
- 16 denotes an intermetallic compound layer
- 22 denotes an exposed portion
- 26 denotes a plating portion.
- 100A indicates an end face of the steel plate 100
- 100B indicates a boundary between the exposed portion 22 and the plated portion 26.
- D is a vertical direction (thickness of the steel sheet) from an imaginary line extending the surface of the aluminum plating layer 14 (the outer surface of the steel sheet 100) in the direction of the exposed portion 22 (first direction) to the surface of the base material steel sheet 12.
- Direction (hereinafter, may be referred to as “removal depth”).
- W indicates the width of the exposed portion 22.
- F1 is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the steel sheet and indicates a first direction (first direction) that is a direction (Y direction) from the plated portion to one edge of the steel sheet.
- the steel sheet 100 of the present disclosure has an aluminum plating layer 14 formed on both sides of a base metal steel sheet 12, and an intermetallic layer between the base steel sheet 12 and the aluminum plating layer 14.
- a compound layer 16 is formed.
- an exposed portion 22 where the base material steel plate 12 is exposed is formed on both surfaces, and the exposed portion 22 is more central than the exposed portion 22.
- the plating part 26 is formed on the side other than the exposed part 22. That is, the exposed portion 22 is formed in a region from the edge of the end face 100A of the steel plate 100 to the boundary 100B between the exposed portion 22 and the plated portion 26.
- the steel sheet 100 of the present disclosure has a cross section (a cut surface in a direction along the thickness direction of the steel sheet 100, that is, the first direction) along a boundary 100 ⁇ / b> B between the exposed part 22 and the plated part 26.
- the outer surface of the steel sheet 100 at the boundary 100B (the aluminum plating layer 14 side) has the aluminum plating layer 14 of the plating portion 26.
- An exposed portion 22 is provided on the base material steel plate 12 side of the boundary 100B. The central portion of the boundary 100B and the end portion on the base metal steel plate 12 side extend in the direction along the thickness direction.
- the aluminum plating layer 14 of the plating portion 26 on the outer surface side of the steel plate 100 at the boundary 100B has a curve that is convex toward the outside of the aluminum plating layer 14, and the radius of curvature is indicated by R1.
- R1 is 5 ⁇ m or more. That is, R1 satisfies the relationship of Expression (1) 5 ⁇ m ⁇ R1.
- the exposed portion 22 at the other end of the boundary 100B has a concave curve formed toward the inside of the base material steel plate 12, and the radius of curvature is indicated by R2. That is, the shape of the end of the exposed portion 22 on the plating portion 26 side is a concave curve.
- R2 satisfies the relationship of formula (2) 260 ⁇ m ⁇ R2.
- a tailored blank obtained by butt-welding a steel sheet plated with a metal mainly containing aluminum by a welding method such as laser welding or plasma welding.
- a welding method such as laser welding or plasma welding.
- the tailored blank thus obtained is hot stamped, the weld metal portion of the butt weld may be softened.
- a result of a tensile strength test of a portion including a weld metal portion has been reported as an example in which a break occurs in the weld metal portion.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a steel sheet in which the aluminum plating layer 14 at the portion to be welded to be welded is removed and the intermetallic compound layer 16 is left. A tailored blank having a butt-welded portion is disclosed.
- Patent Documents 2 to 6 disclose a tailored blank in which a steel plate is prepared by removing the aluminum plating layer 14 and the intermetallic compound layer 16 at the portion to be welded to be welded, and the portion to be welded of the steel plate is butt-welded. I have.
- the thickness of the coating film after coating varies at the boundary between the exposed portion 22 and the plated portion 26 due to the cross-sectional shape of the boundary. After coating, the corrosion resistance decreases.
- a part of the base steel sheet may be removed together with the intermetallic compound layer and the aluminum plating layer. Then, depending on the state in which the base material steel plate is removed, the fatigue strength and the static strength of the joint decrease.
- Patent Literature 7 discloses that a side surface of a cut hole is formed into a curved surface having a convex shape from the viewpoint of ensuring corrosion resistance after painting of a drilled surface.
- drilling is performed by laser cutting. Since this technique is a technique of obtaining a shape by melting and cutting in the direction of laser beam irradiation, it is not a technique suitable for removing both the intermetallic compound layer 16 and the aluminum plating layer 14.
- the steel plate 100 of the present disclosure removes the aluminum plating layer 14 and the intermetallic compound layer 16 on both surfaces at least at a part of the end portion of the steel plate 100, and removes the exposed portion 22 where the base material steel plate 12 is exposed. Have. In addition, it has a plating portion 26 from which the aluminum plating layer 14 and the intermetallic compound layer 16 are not removed. Further, in the cross-sectional portion of the boundary between the exposed portion 22 and the plating portion 26, an aluminum plating layer which is a plating portion 26 formed in a convex shape having a radius of curvature represented by R1 on the outer surface side of the steel plate 100 at the boundary. 14. And R1 is 5 ⁇ m or more.
- the steel plate 100 of the present disclosure has the aluminum plating layer 14 of the plating portion 26 whose curvature radius is represented by R1 on the outer surface side of the steel plate 100 at the boundary between the exposed portion 22 and the plating portion 26, Even when the surroundings are coated, the occurrence of variation in the thickness of the coating film is suppressed. Therefore, corrosion resistance after painting of welding is ensured. However, if R1 is too small, the thickness of the coating film varies greatly. Therefore, by setting R1 to 5 ⁇ m or more, corrosion resistance after painting is secured.
- the fatigue strength of the joint obtained using the steel sheet 100 is reduced. Reduction is suppressed. That is, since the shape of the end portion of the exposed portion 22 on the plating portion 26 side is a concave curve represented by the radius of curvature R2, stress concentration is suppressed and the steel plate 100 exposing the base material steel plate 12 is obtained. A decrease in the fatigue strength of the failed joint is suppressed. However, when R2 is too small, the stress concentration increases when a stress load is applied to the joint. Therefore, by setting R2 to 260 ⁇ m or more, the fatigue strength of the joint is ensured.
- the static strength of the joint of the butt welding member using the steel plate 100 of the present disclosure is also excellent.
- R1 is 5 ⁇ m or more and R2 is 260 ⁇ m or more, the corrosion resistance after painting is further improved as compared with the case where only the condition of R1 is satisfied, so that it is preferable.
- a tailored blank (butt-welded member) obtained by butt-welding the end surface having the exposed portion 22 using the steel sheet 100 of the present disclosure is hard and hard between the weld metal portion and the plating portion 26. It has no brittle intermetallic compound layer 16.
- the outer surface of the steel sheet 100 at the boundary between the exposed portion 22 and the plated portion 26 satisfies the above condition. For this reason, even when the tailored blank made of the steel sheet 100 of the present disclosure is a hot stamped product, it is considered that the reduction in the fatigue strength of the joint is suppressed. Further, since the variation in the thickness of the coating film after coating is suppressed, it is considered that even after coating on a hot stamped product, the welded portion has excellent corrosion resistance after coating.
- the base steel sheet 12 is a steel sheet before the aluminum plating layer 14 is provided.
- the base material steel plate 12 is not particularly limited as long as it is obtained by an ordinary method.
- the base steel sheet 12 may be either a hot-rolled steel sheet or a cold-rolled steel sheet.
- the thickness of the base steel sheet 12 may be a thickness suitable for the purpose, and is not particularly limited.
- the thickness of the base steel sheet 12 may be a thickness of 0.8 mm to 4 mm as a whole thickness of the steel sheet after the aluminum plating layer 14 is provided, and may be 1 mm to 3 mm. Sheet thickness.
- the base steel sheet 12 means, for example, various mechanical properties such as high mechanical strength (for example, tensile strength, yield point, elongation, drawing, hardness, impact value, fatigue strength, etc.). ) Is preferably used. Specifically, a steel plate having a tensile strength of 400 to 2700 MPa can be used. The plate thickness is 0.7 mm to 3.2 mm. Note that a steel sheet having low mechanical strength may be used as the base material steel sheet 12. Specifically, they are 1300 MPa class, 1200 MPa class, 1000 MPa class, 600 MPa class, and 500 MPa class.
- a steel plate having a tensile strength of 1500 to 2,000 MPa is used from the upper portion to prevent deformation, and a steel plate having a tensile strength of 500 to 1500 MPa is used for a lower portion which is an energy absorbing portion.
- the lower part is a steel sheet of 600 MPa class to 1300 MPa class.
- the thickness of the steel sheet of the B pillar is preferably 1.4 mm to 2.6 mm at the upper part and 1.0 mm to 1.6 mm at the lower part.
- Examples of the base steel sheet 12 include, for example, various mechanical properties such as high mechanical strength (eg, tensile strength, yield point, elongation, drawing, hardness, impact value, fatigue strength, etc.). Is preferable to be used.
- high mechanical strength eg, tensile strength, yield point, elongation, drawing, hardness, impact value, fatigue strength, etc.
- a preferable chemical composition of the base steel sheet 12 for example, the following chemical composition is given.
- C 0.02% to 0.58%
- Mn 0.20% to 3.00%
- Al 0.005% to 0.06%
- P 0.03% or less
- S 0.010% or less
- N 0.010% or less
- Ti 0% to 0.20%
- Nb 0% to 0.20%
- V 0% to 1.0%
- W 0% to 1 0.0%
- Cr 0% to 1.0%
- Mo 0% to 1.0%
- Cu 0% to 1.0%
- Ni 0% to 1.0%
- B 0% to 0% 0.0100%
- Mg 0% to 0.05%
- Ca 0% to 0.05%
- REM 0% to 0.05%
- Sn 0% to 0.5%
- Bi 0% to 0% 0.05%
- Si 0% to 2.00%
- balance Fe and impurities.
- % indicating the content of the component (element) means “% by mass”.
- C is an important element that enhances the hardenability of the base steel sheet 12 and mainly determines the strength after quenching. Further, C is an element that lowers the A3 point and promotes a lower quenching temperature. If the C content is less than 0.02%, the effect may not be sufficient. Therefore, the C content is preferably set to 0.02% or more. On the other hand, when the C content exceeds 0.58%, the toughness of the quenched portion is significantly deteriorated. Therefore, the C content is preferably set to 0.58% or less. Preferably, the amount of C is 0.45% or less.
- Mn is a very effective element for improving the hardenability of the base steel sheet 12 and stably securing the strength after quenching. If the Mn content is less than 0.20%, the effect may not be sufficient. Therefore, the Mn content is preferably set to 0.20% or more. Preferably, the amount of Mn is 0.80% or more. On the other hand, if the Mn content exceeds 3.00%, the effect is not only saturated, but also it may be difficult to secure stable strength after quenching. Therefore, the Mn content is preferably 3.00% or less. Preferably, the amount of Mn is 2.40% or less.
- Al functions as a deoxidizing element and has an effect of making the base steel sheet 12 sound. If the Al content is less than 0.005%, it may be difficult to obtain the effect of the above-described action. Therefore, the amount of Al is preferably set to 0.005% or more. On the other hand, if the Al content exceeds 0.06%, the effect of the above-described action is saturated, which is disadvantageous in cost. Therefore, the Al content is preferably set to 0.06% or less. Preferably, the amount of Al is 0.05% or less. Further, the Al content is preferably at least 0.01%.
- P is an element contained as an impurity. If P is contained excessively, the toughness of the base steel sheet 12 tends to decrease. Therefore, the P content is preferably set to 0.03% or less. Preferably, the P content is 0.01% or less. The lower limit of the amount of P does not need to be particularly defined, but is preferably 0.0002% from the viewpoint of cost.
- S is an element contained as an impurity. S forms MnS and has an effect of embrittlement of the base steel sheet 12. Therefore, the amount of S is preferably set to 0.010% or less. A more desirable S amount is 0.004% or less. The lower limit of the amount of S does not need to be particularly specified, but is preferably 0.0002% from the viewpoint of cost.
- N is an element contained as an impurity in the base material steel plate 12. Further, N is an element that forms inclusions in the base steel sheet 12 and deteriorates the toughness after hot press forming. Therefore, the N amount is preferably set to 0.010% or less. Preferably, the N content is 0.008% or less, more preferably 0.005% or less. The lower limit of the amount of N need not be particularly specified, but is preferably 0.0002% from the viewpoint of cost.
- Ti, Nb, V, and W are elements that promote the mutual diffusion of Fe and Al in the aluminum plating layer 14 and the base steel sheet 12. Therefore, at least one or more of Ti, Nb, V, and W may be contained in the base material steel plate 12. However, when 1) the Ti amount and the Nb amount exceed 0.20%, or 2) the V amount and the W amount exceed 1.0%, the effect of the above-described effect is saturated, and the cost is disadvantageous. Therefore, the Ti amount and the Nb amount are preferably set to 0.20% or less, and the V amount and the W amount are preferably set to 1.0% or less.
- the amount of Ti and the amount of Nb are preferably 0.15% or less, and the amount of V and W are preferably 0.5% or less.
- the lower limits of the amounts of Ti and Nb are preferably set to 0.01%, and the lower limits of the amounts of V and W are preferably set to 0.1%.
- Cr, Mo, Cu, Ni, and B are effective elements for increasing the hardenability of the base steel sheet 12 and for stably securing the strength after quenching. Therefore, one or two or more of these elements may be contained in the base steel sheet 12. However, even if the content of Cr, Mo, Cu, and Ni is more than 1.0% and the B content is more than 0.0100%, the above effect is saturated and disadvantageous in cost. Therefore, the contents of Cr, Mo, Cu, and Ni are preferably set to 1.0% or less.
- the B content is preferably set to 0.0100% or less, and more preferably 0.0080% or less. In order to more reliably obtain the above effects, it is preferable that the content of Cr, Mo, Cu, and Ni is 0.1% or more, and the content of B is 0.0010% or more.
- Ca, Mg, and REM have the effect of miniaturizing the form of inclusions in steel and preventing the inclusions from cracking during hot press forming. Therefore, one or more of these elements may be contained in the base steel sheet 12. However, if it is added excessively, the effect of miniaturizing the form of the inclusions in the base steel sheet 12 is saturated, and only increases the cost. Therefore, the Ca content is 0.05% or less, the Mg content is 0.05% or less, and the REM content is 0.05% or less. In order to more reliably obtain the effect of the above operation, it is preferable that the Ca content satisfies any of 0.0005% or more, the Mg content of 0.0005% or more, and the REM content of 0.0005% or more.
- REM indicates 17 elements of Sc, Y and lanthanoid, and the content of REM indicates the total content of these elements.
- a lanthanoid it is industrially added to the base steel sheet 12 in the form of misch metal.
- the base steel sheet 12 may contain Sn. However, if Sn is contained in the base material steel plate 12 at more than 0.5%, the base material steel plate 12 is embrittled. Therefore, the amount of Sn is set to 0.5% or less. Preferably, the amount of Sn is 0.3% or less. In order to more reliably obtain the effect of the above-described operation, the amount of Sn is preferably set to 0.02% or more. More preferably, the amount of Sn is 0.04% or more.
- Bi is an element which becomes a solidification nucleus in the process of solidifying molten steel and has an action of suppressing segregation of Mn and the like segregated in the secondary arm interval of the dendrite by reducing the secondary arm interval of the dendrite. Therefore, Bi may be contained in base material steel plate 12.
- Bi is effective in suppressing the deterioration of toughness due to Mn segregation in steel sheets frequently containing a large amount of Mn such as steel sheets for hot pressing. Therefore, it is preferable to include Bi in such a steel type.
- the Bi content is 0.02% or less.
- the Bi content is preferably set to 0.0002% or more. More preferably, the Bi content is 0.0005% or more.
- Si is a solid solution strengthening element and can be effectively used when it is contained in the base material steel plate 12 up to 2.00%.
- Si exceeds 2.00% and is contained in the base steel sheet 12
- the amount of Si is preferably set to 2.00% or less.
- a preferred upper limit is 1.40% or less, more preferably 1.00% or less.
- the lower limit is not particularly limited, the lower limit is preferably 0.01% in order to more reliably obtain the effect of the above-mentioned action.
- the balance is Fe and impurities.
- the impurities are, for example, components contained in raw materials such as ores and scraps, or components mixed into the base steel sheet 12 in the course of production.
- the impurity means a component not intentionally contained in the steel sheet.
- the aluminum plating layers 14 are formed on both surfaces of the base steel plate 12.
- the method for forming the aluminum plating layer 14 is not particularly limited.
- the aluminum plating layer 14 is formed on both surfaces of the base steel sheet 12 by a hot-dip plating method (a method in which the base steel sheet 12 is immersed in a molten metal bath mainly containing aluminum to form the aluminum plating layer 14). Is also good.
- the aluminum plating layer 14 is a plating layer mainly containing aluminum, and it is sufficient that the aluminum plating layer 14 contains 50% by mass or more of aluminum.
- the aluminum plating layer 14 may include an element other than aluminum (for example, Si or the like), or may include an impurity mixed in during a manufacturing process or the like.
- the aluminum plating layer 14 may contain, for example, 5% to 12% of Si (silicon) in mass%, and the remainder may have a chemical composition of aluminum and impurities.
- the aluminum plating layer 14 contains 5% to 12% of Si (silicon) and 2% to 4% of Fe (iron) in mass%, and the remainder has a chemical composition of aluminum and impurities. Is also good.
- Si is contained in the aluminum plating layer 14 within the above range, a decrease in workability and corrosion resistance can be suppressed. Further, the thickness of the intermetallic compound layer 16 can be reduced.
- the thickness of the aluminum plating layer 14 provided in a region other than the end of the steel plate 100 is not particularly limited, and is, for example, preferably 8 ⁇ m (micrometer) or more in average thickness, and more preferably 15 ⁇ m or more.
- the thickness of the aluminum plating layer 14 in the plating portion 26 is, for example, preferably 50 ⁇ m or less in average thickness, preferably 40 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 35 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 30 ⁇ m or less. Is more preferred.
- the thickness of the aluminum plating layer 14 represents an average thickness in a region other than the end of the steel plate 100.
- the aluminum plating layer 14 prevents the base steel sheet 12 from being corroded.
- the aluminum plating layer 14 has a scale (iron compound) due to oxidation of the surface of the base material steel sheet 12 even when the base material steel sheet 12 is heated to a high temperature. Prevent occurrence.
- the aluminum plating layer 14 has a higher boiling point and a higher melting point than the plating coating with an organic material or the plating coating with another metal-based material (for example, a zinc-based material). Therefore, when the hot press-formed product is formed, the coating does not evaporate, so that the surface protection effect is high.
- the aluminum plating layer 14 can be alloyed with iron (Fe) in the base steel sheet 12 by heating during hot-dip plating and hot press forming.
- the intermetallic compound layer 16 is a layer formed at the boundary between the base steel sheet 12 and the aluminum plating layer 14 when aluminum plating is provided on the base steel sheet 12. Specifically, the intermetallic compound layer 16 is formed by a reaction between iron (Fe) of the base steel sheet 12 and a metal containing aluminum (Al) in a molten metal bath mainly containing aluminum.
- the intermetallic compound layer 16 is mainly formed of a plurality of compounds represented by FexAly (x and y represent one or more).
- the aluminum plating layer 14 contains Si (silicon)
- the intermetallic compound layer 16 is formed of a plurality of compounds represented by FexAly and FexAlySiz (x, y, and z represent one or more).
- the thickness of the intermetallic compound layer 16 formed in a region other than the end of the steel sheet 100 is not particularly limited, and is, for example, preferably 1 ⁇ m or more in average thickness, preferably 3 ⁇ m or more, and more preferably 4 ⁇ m or more. Is more preferable. Further, the thickness of the intermetallic compound layer 16 formed in a region other than the end portion of the steel plate 100 is, for example, preferably 10 ⁇ m or less in average thickness, and more preferably 8 ⁇ m or less. In addition, the thickness of the intermetallic compound layer 16 represents an average thickness in a region other than the end portion. In addition, the thickness of the intermetallic compound layer 16 can be controlled by the temperature and the immersion time of the molten metal bath containing aluminum as a main component.
- the confirmation of the base steel sheet 12, the intermetallic compound layer 16, and the aluminum plating layer 14, and the measurement of the thickness of the intermetallic compound layer 16, and the aluminum plating layer 14 are performed by the following methods.
- the direction of the cross section of the exposed steel plate 100 is not particularly limited.
- the cross section of the steel plate 100 is preferably a cross section orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the exposed portion 22.
- the cross section of the polished steel sheet 100 is subjected to line analysis from the surface of the steel sheet 100 to the base material steel sheet 12 using an electron probe microanalyzer (FE-EPMA) to measure the aluminum concentration and the iron concentration.
- FE-EPMA electron probe microanalyzer
- the aluminum concentration and the iron concentration are preferably average values measured three times.
- the measurement conditions are an acceleration voltage of 15 kV, a beam diameter of about 100 nm, an irradiation time per point of 1000 ms, and a measurement pitch of 60 nm.
- the measurement distance may be such that the thickness of the plating layer can be measured.
- the measurement distance is about 30 ⁇ m to 80 ⁇ m in the thickness direction (thickness direction) from the surface of the steel sheet 100 to the base metal steel sheet 12. It is preferable to measure the thickness (thickness) of the base steel sheet 12 using a scale with an optical microscope.
- ⁇ Regulations for base steel sheet, intermetallic compound layer, and aluminum plating layer> As a measured value of the aluminum concentration of the cross section of the steel sheet 100, a region where the aluminum (Al) concentration is less than 0.06% by mass is the base material steel plate 12, and a region where the aluminum concentration is 0.06% by mass or more is the intermetallic compound layer. 16 or the aluminum plating layer 14 is determined. In the intermetallic compound layer 16 and the aluminum plating layer 14, the region where the iron (Fe) concentration is more than 4% by mass is the intermetallic compound layer 16, and the region where the iron concentration is 4% by mass or less is the aluminum plating layer 14. Is determined.
- the distance from the boundary between the base steel sheet 12 and the intermetallic compound layer 16 to the boundary between the intermetallic compound layer 16 and the aluminum plating layer 14 is defined as the thickness of the intermetallic compound layer 16.
- the distance from the boundary between the intermetallic compound layer 16 and the aluminum plating layer 14 to the surface of the steel sheet 100 on which the aluminum plating layer 14 is formed is defined as the thickness of the aluminum plating layer 14.
- the thickness of the aluminum plating layer 14 and the thickness of the intermetallic compound layer 16 are determined by performing a line analysis from the surface of the steel sheet 100 to the surface of the base steel sheet 12 (the boundary between the base steel sheet 12 and the intermetallic compound layer 16). Measurement.
- the thickness of the aluminum plating layer 14 is determined by dividing the thickness from the surface of the steel sheet 100 having the aluminum plating layer 14 to the intermetallic compound layer 16 into five equal parts by dividing the width of the plate in the region other than the end in accordance with the aforementioned criteria.
- the average of the obtained values is defined as the thickness of the aluminum plating layer 14. For example, in the case of measuring the thickness of the plated portion 26, taking the plated portion 26 of FIGS.
- the longitudinal direction of the exposed portion 22 (hereinafter referred to as the X direction in FIGS. ),
- the thickness of the aluminum plating layer 14 at five positions obtained by equally dividing the total length of the plating portion 26 in the third direction (the same applies to the definition of the following total length) is obtained, and the obtained values are averaged.
- the value may be the thickness of the aluminum plating layer 14.
- the measurement position of the thickness in the first direction F1 is performed at a position that is ⁇ of the width of the plated portion 26 in each of the five cross-sectional views (hereinafter, the measurement of the thickness is similarly performed).
- the width of the plating portion 26 indicates a distance between the edges of the plating portion 26 in the first direction F1, and is also simply referred to as a width of the plating portion 26 hereinafter.
- the distinction between the aluminum plating layer 14, the intermetallic compound layer 16, and the base steel sheet 12 at the time of measuring the thickness is determined according to the above-described criteria.
- the thickness may be obtained at a position where the total length along the curve is divided into five equal parts.
- the intermetallic compound layer 16 is interposed at five positions where the total length of the intermetallic compound layer 16 (the same applies to the following total length) is divided into five equal parts.
- the thickness of the compound layer 16 is determined, and a value obtained by averaging the determined values is defined as the thickness of the intermetallic compound layer 16.
- the measurement is performed at a position that is ⁇ of the width of the plated portion 26, as in the case of measuring the thickness of the aluminum plated layer 14.
- the determination of the thickness of the aluminum plating layer 14, the intermetallic compound layer 16, and the base steel sheet 12 is made according to the above-described criteria.
- the steel plate 100 of the present disclosure has exposed portions 22 where the base material steel plate 12 is exposed on both sides of the end portion of the steel plate 100.
- the exposed part 22 exists at least at a part of the end.
- a plated portion 26 is provided on the central portion side of the steel plate 100 with respect to the exposed portion 22.
- the plating part 26 has the same structure as the structure in the region other than the end.
- the exposed portions 22 are formed on both sides of the end portion of the steel plate 100 where welding is to be performed, and are formed along the edge of the steel plate 100. That is, the exposed portion 22 is formed in the range from the edge of the steel plate 100 to the boundary between the exposed portion 22 and the plated portion 26 at the end portion where the welding is to be performed.
- the exposed portion 22 is formed in a range from the end face 100A of the steel plate 100 to the boundary 100B. 2 and 6, the width of the exposed portion 22 is W.
- the exposed portions 22 formed on at least both sides of the end portion of the steel plate 100 are butt-welded at the end portions of the steel plate 100 that are to be welded, and then at the boundary between the weld metal portion formed in the joint and the steel plate 100, What is necessary is just to form so that the aluminum plating layer 14 and the intermetallic compound layer 16 do not remain.
- the exposed portion 22 is provided on at least a part of both ends of the steel plate 100 along the edge of the steel plate 100 so as to be in this state.
- the width of the exposed portion 22 is (maximum width of the weld metal portion ⁇ 1.2) / 2 to (weld metal) in terms of the fatigue strength of the joint as a butt-welded member and a hot press-formed product, and the corrosion resistance after painting. It is preferable to satisfy the relationship of (maximum width of part ⁇ 4) / 2.
- the joint fatigue strength and post-paint corrosion resistance depend on the maximum width of the molten metal.
- the maximum width of the weld metal portion may be the larger one of the front surface (first surface) and the back surface (second surface).
- the maximum width of each of the weld metal portions on the front surface and the back surface may satisfy the above relationship.
- the width of the exposed portion 22 in the first direction F1 is preferably 0.1 mm or more on average. More preferably, the width of the exposed portion 22 is preferably 0.2 mm or more. By setting the width of the exposed portion 22 to 0.1 mm or more, it is possible to prevent aluminum from remaining at the end of the welded metal portion at the time of welding the tailored blank.
- the width of the exposed portion 22 is preferably not more than 5.0 mm. By setting the width of the exposed portion 22 to 5.0 mm or less, deterioration of corrosion resistance after painting can be suppressed.
- the width of the exposed portion 22 is preferably 0.5 mm or more, and the width of the exposed portion 22 is 1.5 mm or less.
- the width of the exposed portion 22 is preferably 1.0 mm or more, and the width of the exposed portion 22 is preferably 4.0 mm or less.
- the width of the exposed portion 22 is a distance from the edge of the end face 100 ⁇ / b> A of the steel plate 100 to the boundary 100 ⁇ / b> B between the exposed portion 22 and the plated portion 26, and is represented by W.
- the width of the exposed portion 22 is measured using, for example, a microscope with a scale from five cross sections obtained by dividing the entire length of the exposed portion 22 in the third direction (X direction) into five equal parts, and the average value thereof is used.
- the range of the depth D is not particularly limited as long as the aluminum plating layer 14 and the intermetallic compound layer 16 can be removed and the base steel sheet 12 can be exposed. That is, the range of the depth D may be at least the total thickness of the aluminum plating layer 14 and the intermetallic compound layer 16. However, from the viewpoints of static strength (joint static strength) and fatigue strength, the range of the depth D is preferably as small as possible within the range of the total thickness of the aluminum plating layer 14 and the intermetallic compound layer 16 or more. . Depth D may be equal to the total thickness of aluminum plating layer 14 and intermetallic compound layer 16. In this case, the shape of the end of the plated portion 26 on the edge side of the steel plate 100 and on the inner side of the base steel plate 12 may be a concave curve represented by a radius of curvature R2.
- the relationship between the depth D and the above-described radii of curvature R1 and R2 is expressed by the following expression (3). Good to meet. By satisfying this relationship, the fatigue strength of the joint becomes more excellent. Further, the static strength is further improved.
- the relationship D ⁇ (R1 + R2) between the depth D ( ⁇ m) and the radius of curvature R1 ( ⁇ m) and the radius of curvature R2 ( ⁇ m) indicates the relationship per exposed side of the exposed portion. Good to be satisfied.
- the depth D is preferably (thickness of base material steel plate 12 ⁇ 0.15) / 2 or less, and (depth of base material steel plate 12). ⁇ 0.1) / 2 or less.
- the depth D is obtained, for example, by cutting a steel sheet 100 having an exposed part 22 adjacent to a weld metal part in a thickness direction in a tailored blank and a hot stamped product, and observing the cut section with an optical microscope. Can be. In the cut cross section, the thickness of the base material steel plate 12 at the exposed portion 22 adjacent to the weld metal portion, and the total thickness of the aluminum plating layer 14, the intermetallic compound layer 16, and the region other than the end portion of the base material steel plate 12 Should be measured.
- the thickness of the base steel sheet 12 and the total thickness (thickness A) of the aluminum plating layer 14 and the intermetallic compound layer 16 formed on the base steel sheet 12 Ask for.
- the thickness A is an average value of values obtained at five positions obtained by dividing the plate width into five equal parts in a region other than the end.
- the thickness (thickness B) of the base material steel plate 12 at a portion other than the exposed portion 22 located at the boundary between the exposed portion 22 and the plated portion 26 is determined.
- the width of the exposed portion 22 may be measured by observing the exposed portion 22 with an optical microscope.
- a specific method for measuring the width of the exposed portion 22 is as follows. First, five measurement samples including a cross section in which the entire width of the exposed portion 22 at the end of the steel plate 100 is observable are collected. Next, the steel plate 100 is cut so as to expose the cross section, embedded in resin, polished, and the cross section is enlarged by an optical microscope. With reference to the edge of the steel plate 100, the distance from the edge of the steel plate 100 to the plated portion 26 (the width of the exposed portion 22) is measured. The average value measured at five locations is defined as the width of the exposed portion 22.
- the cross-sectional shape of the boundary between the exposed portion 22 and the plated portion 26 is such that when the boundary between the exposed portion 22 and the plated portion 26 is viewed from the cross section, the outer surface of the steel sheet 100 at the boundary is a convex curve represented by a radius of curvature R1. It has a plating portion 26 formed by. That is, the shape of the end of the plated portion 26 on the end face 100A side of the steel plate 100 and on the outer side from the inside of the base metal steel plate 12 toward the surface of the base metal steel plate 12 is represented by the first direction F1 represented by the radius of curvature R1. It is a convex curve on the side.
- an exposed portion formed by a concave curve represented by a radius of curvature R2 may be provided on the other end side of the boundary. That is, the shape of the end of the exposed portion 22 on the plating portion 26 side may be a concave curve represented by the radius of curvature R2.
- the plated portion 26 formed by the convex curve is the aluminum plated layer 14.
- the curvature radius R1 satisfies the relationship of 5 ⁇ m ⁇ R1.
- the radius of curvature R2 satisfies the relationship of 260 ⁇ R2.
- R1 In terms of corrosion resistance after painting, the larger R1 is, the better the adhesion of the coating film is. Therefore, R1 may satisfy 10 ⁇ m ⁇ R1, may satisfy 15 ⁇ m ⁇ R1, or may satisfy 20 ⁇ m ⁇ R1.
- the upper limit of R1 is not particularly limited. From the viewpoint of coating corrosion resistance, the removal width (exposure width) of the aluminum plating layer 14 and the intermetallic compound layer 16 is preferably smaller, so that R1 is preferably 500 ⁇ m or less (R1 ⁇ 500 ⁇ m). Also, in terms of the fatigue strength of the joint, the larger R2 is, the less the stress concentration when a stress load is applied.
- R2 may satisfy 260 ⁇ m ⁇ R2, may satisfy 400 ⁇ m ⁇ R2, or may satisfy 1000 ⁇ m ⁇ R2.
- the upper limit of R2 is not particularly limited, and for example, R2 ⁇ 100,000 ⁇ m can be mentioned.
- R1 and R2 are the average values of the values of R1 and R2 obtained from five sections obtained by dividing the entire length of the exposed portion 22 in the longitudinal direction into five equal parts.
- the center of the boundary and the end on the base material steel plate 12 side may extend in a direction along the thickness direction (FIGS. 1, 2, and 5). , FIG. 6).
- the center part of the boundary and the end part on the base material steel plate 12 side are inclined with respect to the sheet thickness direction if R1 satisfies the above condition (for example, the base material steel plate 12 side of the boundary is higher than the steel plate 100 outer surface side). It may be inclined toward the edge of the steel plate 100 (see FIGS. 3 and 7).
- R2 may satisfy the condition of Expression (2).
- FIGS. 3 and 7 are enlarged cross-sectional views illustrating another example of the end portion of the steel plate 100 according to the present disclosure.
- a boundary 100 ⁇ / b> B between the exposed portion 22 and the plated portion 26 is inclined toward the edge of the steel plate 100.
- the width W of the exposed portion 22 is, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 7, from the edge of the end face 100 ⁇ / b> A of the steel plate 100 to the intermetallic compound layer 16 at the boundary 100 ⁇ / b> B between the exposed portion 22 and the plated portion 26. It is represented by the distance to the base material steel plate 12.
- the exposed portion 22 of the base steel plate 12 is formed at the end of the portion to be welded.
- a non-exposed portion where at least the intermetallic compound layer 16 remains is formed in a region including the edge of the steel plate 100. It may be.
- dripping may be generated by a cutting means such as a shear.
- a cutting means such as a shear.
- the steel plate 100 in which the sag has occurred is removed, for example, by cutting or the like at the end of the steel plate 100, at least the intermetallic compound layer 16 is formed in the portion where the sag occurs. May remain. At least a portion where the intermetallic compound layer 16 remains is a non-exposed portion. The presence of the non-exposed portion is permissible as long as the weld metal portion does not break when a tailored blank and a hot stamped product are formed.
- the aluminum concentration (Al concentration) contained in the weld metal part when tailored blanks and hot stamped products are formed is 0.065% by mass to 1% by mass or less (preferably 0.8% by mass or less). Good. Within this range, breakage of the weld metal part in the tailored blank and the hot stamped product is easily suppressed.
- the aluminum concentration in the weld metal is the average concentration.
- the measurement of the aluminum concentration in the weld metal part is performed as follows. Cutting is performed in a direction perpendicular to the laser welding line, embedded in resin, polished, and mapping analysis is performed from the surface of the steel sheet 100 to the base steel sheet 12 by an electron beam microanalyzer (FE-EPMA) to measure the aluminum concentration.
- the measurement conditions are an acceleration voltage of 15 kV, a beam diameter of about 100 nm, an irradiation time of 1000 ms, and a measurement pitch of 5 ⁇ m in a grid pattern.
- the measured values of the aluminum concentration in the weld metal part are averaged to determine the average concentration.
- the formation of the exposed portion 22 is not particularly limited, and may be either laser processing or mechanical processing.
- An example of a preferred method of manufacturing the steel sheet 100 according to the present disclosure includes a step of forming the exposed portion 22 by cutting.
- An example of a more preferable manufacturing method includes a step of forming the exposed portion 22 by machining.
- An example of a more preferable manufacturing method includes a step of forming the exposed portion 22 by cutting with an end mill. The end mill makes it easy to manufacture the shape of the steel plate 100 of the present disclosure by appropriately setting the R shape of the end of the tool.
- an example of a preferred method of forming the exposed portion 22 will be specifically described.
- the following method is exemplified.
- the intermetallic compound layer 16 and the aluminum plating layer 14 formed on both sides of the base steel sheet 12 are removed on both sides by cutting, and an exposed portion 22 where the base steel sheet 12 is exposed (Formation method A).
- Forming method A is a method of forming exposed portion 22 at the end of steel plate 100 as follows, for example. First, a steel sheet cut to a desired size is prepared as a steel sheet before forming a tailored blank. Next, the aluminum plating layer 14 and the intermetallic compound layer 16 formed on both surfaces of the base steel sheet 12 are removed by cutting at least a part of the end of the cut steel sheet. Then, an exposed portion 22 from which the base material steel plate 12 is exposed is formed at an end of the steel plate 100.
- the method of removing by cutting, which is performed to form the exposed portion 22, is not particularly limited. Cutting may be performed by, for example, grinding, cutting, slicing, an end mill, or a metal saw. Furthermore, by combining these methods, the exposed portion 22 may be formed by removing the intermetallic compound layer 16 and the aluminum plating layer 14.
- removal by laser processing such as laser gouging may be mentioned.
- heat is applied to the base material steel plate 12 at the portion where the exposed portion 22 is formed. May be mixed.
- martensite is generated in the metal structure of the base material steel plate 12 in this portion. This may cause delayed fracture on the end face of the steel sheet before welding.
- the exposed portion 22 is formed by machining, the temperature of the base material steel plate 12 where the exposed portion 22 is formed is suppressed, and martensite does not occur.
- the exposed portion 22 since no hydrogen enters, the occurrence of delayed destruction is suppressed.
- a method for forming the exposed portion 22 it is preferable to employ cutting by machining. Further, in the case where the exposed portion 22 is formed by machining, there is no need to take measures to shield laser light when performing laser processing such as laser gouging, which is advantageous in terms of cost and the like.
- R1 and R2 at the boundary between the exposed portion 22 and the plated portion 26 it is preferable to form them by the above-described machining.
- it When it is formed by machining, for example, it may be formed using an end mill (a tip blade of an end mill, a side blade of an end mill), a metal saw, or the like.
- the exposed portion 22 is preferably formed by cutting with an end mill. Cutting by an end mill is cutting by rotary motion. Therefore, the exposed portion 22 formed by the end mill has a fine uneven shape on the cut surface (the exposed surface of the base material steel plate 12 at the exposed portion 22, the cross section of the plated portion 26 at the boundary between the exposed portion 22 and the plated portion 26). Cutting marks are formed.
- the order of forming the exposed portions 22 on the ends is not limited to the above-described forming method A.
- the exposed part 22 should just be provided in the edge part which is going to weld.
- the following method is exemplified.
- the aluminum plating layer 14 and the intermetallic compound layer 16 formed on both surfaces of the base steel plate 12 are removed on both sides by cutting to expose the base steel plate 12. Forming the exposed portion 22, and cutting the steel plate 100 so that the exposed portion of the base steel plate 12 is located at the end of the steel plate 100. And forming the exposed portions 22 on which both surfaces are exposed on both surfaces of the steel sheet 100 (hereinafter referred to as a forming method B).
- the forming method B is, for example, specifically the following method. First, a steel sheet 100 that has been subjected to a punching process and cut into a desired size is prepared. Next, with respect to the cut steel plate 100, the aluminum plating layer 14 and the intermetallic compound layer 16 formed on the base steel plate 12 are removed by cutting, and the exposed portion 22 exposing the base steel plate 12 is removed. Form. The exposed portion 22 is formed in a region other than the end of the steel plate 100 so as to extend in one direction, for example. Then, in the steel sheet 100 after cutting, a portion where the base material steel sheet 12 is exposed is cut such that the exposed portion 22 is along the edge of the steel sheet 100. The steel sheet 100 obtained by cutting is the steel sheet 100 before forming a tailored blank.
- the width of the exposed portion 22 formed by removing the aluminum plating layer 14 and the intermetallic compound layer 16 is preferably 0.4 mm to 30 mm, and more preferably 0.4 mm to 10 mm. .
- the position where the exposed part 22 is cut may be cut at a position near the center line of the exposed part 22 so as to have a target width.
- the width of the exposed portion 22 of the base material steel plate 12 formed by the above-described forming method A is preferably 10% to 50% larger than half of the width of the molten region (welded metal portion) after the steel plate 100 is butt-welded. Good.
- the width of the exposed portion 22 of the base steel sheet 12 before cutting the steel sheet 100 formed as in the above-mentioned forming method B is 10 times smaller than half the width of the molten region (welded metal part) after the steel sheet 100 is butt-welded. % To 50%.
- the butt-welded member is a tailored blank having at least one steel plate 100 of the present disclosure, and butt-welding at least two steel plates through an end having the exposed portion 22 of the steel plate 100 of the present disclosure. is there. If at least one steel sheet 100 of the present disclosure is provided, welding may be performed with the end faces of the two steel sheets butt together, or welding may be performed with the end faces of the three steel sheets butt together. .
- the tailored blank may be a welding member in which the end surface of the end of the steel plate 100 of the present disclosure having the exposed portion 22 and the end surface of the end portion of the other steel plate to be welded are butt-welded.
- the other steel plate to be butt-welded may be a galvanized steel plate (zinc, zinc-iron, zinc-nickel, zinc-magnesium) having a tensile strength after hot pressing of 400 to 2700 MPa. It is desirable that the galvanized steel sheet be welded without forming the exposed portion 22.
- the tailored blank may be welded, for example, in a state where the end faces of the ends having the exposed portions 22 of the two steel plates 100 of the present disclosure are butted together, and the exposed portions 22 of the three steel plates 100 of the present disclosure are joined together. May be welded in a state where the end faces of the end portions having the ends are butted against each other. Further, welding may be performed with the end faces of the exposed portions 22 of three or more steel plates 100 of the present disclosure abutting each other.
- the tailored blank includes at least one steel sheet 100 of the present disclosure, and a steel sheet in which the ends of at least two steel sheets are arranged to face each other, and a weld metal part that joins the ends of at least two steel sheets.
- a weld metal portion provided adjacent to the exposed portion 22 where the base material steel plate 12 of the steel plate 100 of the present disclosure is exposed.
- the exposed portions 22 are provided on both surfaces of the two steel plates joined by the weld metal portion, which are located around the weld metal portion.
- Two or more steel plates for obtaining a tailored blank may be used in combination depending on the purpose.
- steel plates for obtaining a tailored blank for example, steel plates of the same strength class may be used, or steel plates of different strength classes may be used.
- steel plates having the same thickness may be used, or steel plates having different thicknesses may be used.
- the two or more steel plates for obtaining the tailored blank may be the same or different in the width of the exposed portion 22 at the end of the steel plate. Further, the boundary between the exposed portion 22 and the plated portion 26 of the steel plate may be the same steel plate or different steel plates.
- a combination of forms in which R1 on the outer surface of the steel sheet at the boundary between the exposed part 22 and the plated part 26 is different.
- the combination of the steel plates 100 having R1 and R2 is, for example, 1) a combination of embodiments in which R1 is different and R2 is the same, 2) a combination of embodiments in which R1 is the same and R2 is different, 3) R1 is different, R2 also includes a combination of different embodiments.
- the tailored blank is a welded member obtained by butt-welding at least two steel plates 100 of the present disclosure via the end having the exposed portion 22 in terms of the fatigue strength of the joint and the corrosion resistance after painting of the welded portion. Is good. In this case, it is preferable to satisfy the following condition.
- a steel sheet 100 having a smaller product of the thickness of steel sheet 100 and the tensile strength of steel sheet 100 after hot press forming hereinafter, may be referred to as steel sheet A).
- the plate thickness is set to t ( ⁇ m).
- the surface of the aluminum plating layer 14 in the plating section 26 is in the second direction F2.
- the length in the thickness direction of the steel sheet 100 from the extended virtual line to the surface of the base material steel sheet 12 is defined as the depth of the exposed portion.
- D1 the depth of the exposed portion in the vertical direction on the exposed portion 22 formed on one surface (first surface) is D1 (hereinafter, referred to as “D1”).
- the depth of the exposed portion in the vertical direction in the exposed portion 22 formed on the other surface (second surface) may be referred to as D2 (hereinafter, referred to as “removed depth D2”). In some cases.)
- D2 The depth of the exposed portion in the vertical direction in the exposed portion 22 formed on the other surface (second surface)
- the unit of the plate thickness is usually mm, but the numerical value to be substituted for t is substituted as a value converted to ⁇ m.
- Formula (4) ((D1 + D2) / t) ⁇ 100 ⁇ 20
- D1 and D2 are the above-described depth D (that is, the vertical depth from the imaginary line extending the surface of the aluminum plating layer 14 in the direction of the exposed portion 22 to the surface of the base material steel plate 12).
- the depth of the boundary between the exposed portion 22 and the plated portion 26 to a portion excluding the exposed portion 22) is obtained by the same measurement method.
- the sheet thickness is the thickness of the steel sheet after hot press forming
- the tensile strength is the strength after hot press forming. Tensile strength is used for each.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of the tailored blank of the present disclosure.
- the tailored blank 200 shown in FIG. 4 is formed by butt-welding the ends of the portions to be welded of the steel plates 110 and 120.
- the tailored blank 200 has a steel plate 110 and a steel plate 120 joined by a weld metal part 30, has an exposed part 22 adjacent to the weld metal part 30, and a side of the exposed part 22 that is separated from the weld metal part 30. And a plating portion 26 adjacent to the first portion.
- the thickness of the steel plate 120 is smaller than that of the steel plate 110.
- the steel plate 110 and the steel plate 120 have substantially the same tensile strength after hot press forming. Therefore, in the tailored blank 200 shown in FIGS. 4 and 8, the product of the tensile strength and the thickness of the steel sheet after hot press forming is smaller in the steel sheet 120 than in the steel sheet 110. Therefore, in FIGS. 4 and 8, the plate thickness t, the depth D1, and the depth D2 are values of the steel plate 120.
- the plate thickness t is the plate thickness of the steel plate 120.
- the depth D1 is a distance between a virtual line extending the surface of the aluminum plating layer 14 on one side in the direction of the exposed portion 22 (second direction F2) and the surface of the base material steel plate 12.
- the depth D2 is a distance between a virtual line extending the surface of the other side of the aluminum plating layer 14 in the direction of the exposed portion 22 (the second direction F2) and the surface of the base material steel plate 12.
- the durable load of the joint tends to decrease.
- the durable load is represented by the product of the thickness of the base steel sheet 12 before the aluminum plating treatment and the strength. Therefore, the durable load of the joint depends on the steel plate having the smaller durable load among the two steel plates when the tailored blank 200 is formed. Therefore, the relationship between t, D1, and D2 preferably satisfies the above relationship.
- the relationship between t, D1, and D2 may be ((D1 + D2) / t) ⁇ 100 ⁇ 10 or ((D1 + D2) / t) ⁇ 100 ⁇ 7.
- the welding method for performing butt welding is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include welding methods such as laser welding (laser beam welding), arc welding, and electron beam welding.
- Examples of the arc welding include plasma welding, TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas) welding, MIG (Metal Inert Gas) welding, and MAG (Metal Active Gas) welding.
- Preferred arc welding includes plasma welding.
- the welding conditions may be selected according to desired conditions, such as the thickness of the steel plate to be used. The welding may be performed while supplying a filler wire as necessary.
- the tailored blank 200 is subjected to butt welding with the end surfaces having the exposed portions 22 butt against each other. Therefore, in the weld metal portion 30, the amount of aluminum mixed in due to the intermetallic compound layer 16 and the aluminum plating layer 14 is small. Further, since the exposed portion 22 where the intermetallic compound layer 16 does not exist is adjacent to the welded metal portion 30, a decrease in the fatigue strength of the tailored blank 200 and the joint after hot stamping is suppressed. Also, a decrease in the tensile strength of the joint is suppressed.
- the hot press-formed product is a molded product obtained by hot press-forming a tailored blank 200 having at least one steel sheet 100 of the present disclosure. That is, a hot press-formed product obtained by hot press forming includes at least one steel sheet 100 of the present disclosure, and at least two steel sheets in which the ends of the steel sheets are arranged to face each other. And a weld metal part 30 provided adjacent to the exposed part 22 where the base steel sheet 12 of the steel sheet 100 of the present disclosure is exposed. For example, specifically, the exposed portion 22 is provided on both surfaces of the two steel plates joined by the weld metal portion 30 that are located around the weld metal portion 30.
- the hot stamped product is obtained by hot pressing a welded member obtained by butt-welding at least two steel plates of the present disclosure through an end having an exposed portion 22 in terms of fatigue strength of a joint and corrosion resistance after painting of a welded portion.
- the molded article is preferably obtained by molding.
- the hot stamped product can be manufactured as follows. First, the tailored blank 200 is heated to a high temperature to soften the tailored blank 200. Then, using a mold, the softened tailored blank 200 is formed by hot stamping, cooled and quenched to obtain a hot stamped product having a desired shape. The hot stamped product is quenched by heating and cooling to obtain a molded product having a high tensile strength of, for example, about 1500 MPa or more.
- a heating method at the time of hot stamping in addition to a normal electric furnace and a radiant tube furnace, a heating method using infrared heating, electric heating, induction heating, or the like can be employed.
- the hot stamped product is converted into an intermetallic compound in which the aluminum plating layer 14 of the steel sheet 100 provides protection against oxidation of the steel sheet 100 when heated.
- the aluminum plating layer 14 contains silicon (Si)
- Si silicon
- the Al phase becomes an intermetallic compound, that is, Al—Fe due to mutual diffusion with Fe. It changes to an alloy phase and an Al-Fe-Si alloy phase.
- the melting points of the Al—Fe alloy phase and the Al—Fe—Si alloy phase are high and are 1000 ° C. or higher.
- phase There are a plurality of types of Al-Fe phase and Al-Fe-Si phase, and when heated at a high temperature or for a long time, the phase changes to an alloy phase having a higher Fe concentration. These intermetallic compounds prevent the steel sheet 100 from being oxidized.
- the maximum temperature at the time of hot stamping is not particularly limited, but is preferably, for example, 850 ° C to 1000 ° C.
- the highest temperature is usually in the range of 900 ° C. to 950 ° C. because heating is performed in the austenite region.
- the tailored blank 200 heated to a high temperature is press-formed by a mold cooled by water cooling or the like, and is simultaneously quenched by cooling in the mold. Further, if necessary, water may be directly sprayed onto the blank material through a gap between the molds and water-cooled. Then, a hot stamped product having a desired shape is obtained.
- the hot stamped product may be used as it is as a part, or may be used after the descaling process such as shot blasting, brushing, or laser cleaning is performed on the welded portion as necessary.
- the metal structure of the base steel sheet 12 becomes at least a part, preferably the whole structure of an austenitic single phase. Then, when it is press-molded in a mold, it is cooled under target cooling conditions to transform austenite into at least one of martensite and bainite. Then, in the obtained hot stamped product, the metal structure of the base steel sheet 12 is any one of martensite, bainite, or martensite-bainite.
- an example of a process from manufacturing the steel plate 100 to manufacturing a hot stamped product is as follows. First, an aluminum plating layer 14 is formed on both surfaces of the base steel sheet 12 to obtain a steel sheet. At this time, an intermetallic compound layer 16 is formed between the base steel sheet 12 and the aluminum plating layer 14.
- the steel plate having both surfaces of the base material steel plate 12 coated with aluminum is wound into a coil shape.
- the steel sheet wound in a coil shape is pulled out and subjected to a punching process to obtain a punched member.
- the exposed portion 22 formed at the end of the steel plate 100 may be formed in a state where the steel plate is wound into a coil shape and then the steel plate wound in the coil shape is drawn out. In this case, after the exposed portion 22 is formed, a punching member is obtained by performing a punching process so that the exposed portion 22 has an end portion of the steel plate 100.
- the exposed portion 22 formed at the end of the steel plate 100 may be formed after a steel plate wound in a coil shape is drawn, and a punching process is performed on the drawn steel plate to form a punched member.
- the exposed portion 22 may be formed at the end of the punching member.
- the exposed region of the punching member is cut so that the exposed portion 22 is formed at the end portion of the steel plate 100. May be.
- At least one punched member having the exposed portion 22 formed at the end of the steel plate 100 is prepared.
- one punched member having the exposed portion 22 formed thereon may be prepared, or two punched members may be prepared.
- butt welding is performed in a state where the ends of the punched members are butt-joined to obtain a tailored blank. Specifically, when two punched members having the exposed portions 22 are prepared, butt welding is performed in a state where the ends having the exposed portions 22 are butted, and the tailored blank 200 is obtained.
- the tailored blank 200 is heated in a heating furnace.
- the heated tailored blank 200 is pressed, molded and quenched by a pair of upper and lower molds. Then, by removing it from the mold, a target hot stamped product is obtained.
- the hot stamped product is useful for application to various members of industrial machines in addition to various automobile members such as an automobile body.
- the steel pipe is welded through the end of the open pipe made of the steel sheet 100 of the present disclosure.
- the steel pipe is a steel pipe obtained by welding the steel sheet 100 of the present disclosure as an open pipe and butt-connecting the end faces having the exposed part 22 to each other. That is, the steel pipe has at least one weld metal part (that is, a weld metal part that joins the ends of the open pipes of the steel sheet), and on both surfaces of the tubular body made of the steel sheet 100 of the present disclosure adjacent to the weld metal part,
- the base material steel plate 12 has an exposed portion 22 that is exposed.
- Examples of the steel pipe include those obtained as follows. 1) One steel sheet 100 provided with a first exposed portion 22 at a first end and a second exposed portion 22 at a second end is prepared. The single steel plate 100 is formed into a tubular shape to form an open tube. Thereafter, in the obtained open pipe, a steel pipe obtained by welding in a state where the end face of the end provided with the first exposed portion 22 and the end face of the end provided with the second exposed portion 22 are butted together. . 2) Prepare two or more steel plates 100 each having the first exposed portion 22 provided at the first end and the second exposed portion 22 provided at the second end.
- the end surface of the end portion of the first steel plate 100 including the first exposed portion 22 and the end surface of the second steel plate 100 of the end portion including the second exposed portion 22 Are welded in a butted state to form a tailored blank 200.
- this tailored blank 200 is formed into a tubular shape to obtain an open tube.
- the open pipe may be formed in a direction parallel to or intersecting the welding line in the tailored blank 200 before forming the open pipe.
- the two or more steel sheets forming the tailored blank 200 for forming the steel pipe are not limited to the above, and may be used in combination according to the purpose.
- a combination of two or more steel plates for example, the same combination as the steel plate described for the steel plate for forming the tailored blank 200 described above may be used.
- the method of forming into a tube is not particularly limited, and may be any method such as a UOE method and a bending roll method.
- the welding after forming into a tubular shape is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include laser welding; plasma welding; electric resistance welding or electric resistance welding which is welded by high-frequency induction heating welding.
- a hollow quenched molded product (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a “hollow hot stamp molded product”) is formed from the steel sheet 100 of the present disclosure or the tailored blank 200 obtained by butt welding the steel sheet 100 of the present disclosure.
- the base material steel plate 12 has exposed portions 22 on both sides of the hollow formed body made of the steel plate 100 of the present disclosure.
- the hollow quenched molded product is obtained, for example, as follows.
- a steel pipe obtained by using the steel plate 100 of the present disclosure is formed by a bender.
- heating is performed by a heating furnace, electric heating, or high-frequency induction heating. Since the temperature for heating the steel pipe is required to be in the austenitic region, it is preferable to set the temperature to, for example, 850 ° C. to 1100 ° C., and to set the temperature to about 900 ° C. to 1000 ° C.
- the heated steel pipe is cooled by water cooling or the like and quenched. In addition, molding and quenching may be performed simultaneously.
- 3DQ three-dimensional hot bending quenching
- 3DQ three-dimensional hot bending quenching
- the hollow quenched molded product may be used as it is as a component.
- the welded portion may be subjected to descaling treatment (for example, shot blasting, brushing, laser cleaning, etc.) before use.
- the application of the hollow quenched molded product of the present disclosure is not particularly limited, and includes, for example, various automobile members such as an automobile body and various members of an industrial machine.
- vehicle member include various components such as various pillars; stabilizers, door beams, roof rails, and reinforcements such as bumpers; frames; and arms.
- Example> First, using a base steel sheet (strength class after hot stamping 1300 to 1800 MPa) and a low strength steel sheet (strength class after hot stamping 590 to 980 MPa) having the chemical composition shown in Table 1, the thickness shown in Table 2 is obtained.
- a steel plate subjected to aluminum plating was prepared. Then, this steel plate was cut out to be a square steel plate having a side of 10 cm. Next, an exposed portion was formed by cutting with an end mill on both sides of the end portion of the prepared base material steel plate. Some steel sheets did not remove the aluminum plating layer and the intermetallic compound layer 16. In some steel plates, only the aluminum plating layer was removed, and the intermetallic compound layer 16 was not removed. In addition, the aluminum plating layer and the intermetallic compound layer were removed from the steel sheet used in No. 18 so as to have a shape as shown in FIG.
- the exposed portion the aluminum plating layer formed on both surfaces, or the aluminum plating layer and the intermetallic compound layer were removed according to the removal portion types shown in Tables 4 and 5, respectively.
- the exposed portion was formed such that the width of the exposed portion (removal width W) was 2 mm as an average value measured at five locations as described above. Further, the exposed portion was formed to have a depth D shown in Tables 4 and 5. Further, when forming the exposed portion, as the cross-sectional shape of the boundary between the exposed portion and the plated portion, the radius of curvature R1 on the aluminum plating layer side and the radius of curvature R2 on the base steel plate side are the values shown in Tables 4 and 5. It was formed so that it might become.
- the exposed portion was formed on both sides of the end portion of the steel plate, and only one side of the four sides of the steel plate over a total length of 10 cm.
- the static strength ratio in Table 6 is calculated by dividing the joint static strength obtained in the joint static strength test by the static strength of steel sheet 2 having a lower strength among steel sheets 1 and 2 in Table 3. Multiplied by.
- the static strength ratio was evaluated according to the following criteria, and A and B were accepted and C was unacceptable.
- C Static strength ratio is less than 90%
- the fatigue strength test (noted as fatigue limit) is an electromagnetic resonance type fatigue strength test. The test was carried out in an atmosphere at room temperature under the conditions of load control axial force complete pulsating tension, stress ratio of 0.1, number of stress repetitions of 107, and repetition rate of about 80 Hz.
- Table 6 shows the results.
- the fatigue limit ratio in Table 6 was obtained by dividing the fatigue limit obtained in the fatigue strength test by the fatigue limit of the steel plate 2 having low strength among the steel plates 1 and 2 in Table 3. The value is multiplied by 100.
- the fatigue limit ratio was evaluated according to the following criteria, and A and B were accepted and C was unacceptable. -Judgment criteria- A: Fatigue limit ratio is 100% or more B: Fatigue limit ratio is 90% or more and less than 100% C: Fatigue limit ratio is less than 90%
- the post-painting corrosion resistance was evaluated as the maximum corrosion depth, and the welded portion was evaluated with a point micrometer according to the following criteria. A and B were passed, and C was rejected. -Judgment criteria- A: Maximum corrosion depth is less than 0.1 mm B: Maximum corrosion depth is 0.1 mm or more and less than 0.2 mm C: Maximum corrosion depth is 0.2 mm or more
- the steel plate of Table 2 and Table 3 shows the steel plate which performed aluminum plating on both surfaces of the base material steel plate.
- R1 of the steel plate 1 and the steel plate 2 of No. 2 indicates the radius of curvature in the aluminum plating layer
- R2 indicates the radius of curvature of the exposed portion on the side of the plated portion.
- “((D1 + D2) / t) ⁇ 100” in the butt welding member column indicates that the product of the thickness of the steel sheet and the strength of the steel sheet after hot stamping is small among the two steel sheets to be butt-welded. This is the value determined for the steel sheet of whichever is better.
- t represents a plate thickness (converted to ⁇ m)
- D1 represents a depth ( ⁇ m) formed on the first surface
- D2 represents a depth ( ⁇ m) formed on the second surface.
- Base material steel plate 14
- Aluminum plating layer 16
- Intermetallic compound layer 22
- Exposed portion 26
- Plated portion 100
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2018年6月22日に日本に出願された特願2018-119189号、2018年6月22日に日本に出願された特願2018-119190号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
本開示の課題は、継手の疲労強度に優れ、かつ、突合せ溶接する際に形成される溶接部に塗装した後であっても、溶接部の塗装後耐食性に優れる鋼板、テーラードブランク、熱間プレス成形品、鋼管、中空状焼入れ成形品及び鋼板の製造方法を提供するものである。
母材鋼板と、前記母材鋼板の表面上に、前記母材鋼板側から順に金属間化合物層、アルミニウムめっき層が設けられためっき部と、前記母材鋼板が露出した露出部と、を有する鋼板であって、前記鋼板の厚み方向に垂直であり、前記めっき部から前記鋼板の一の端縁に向かう第1方向において、前記母材鋼板の両方の表面上に、少なくとも前記めっき部、前記露出部、前記鋼板の前記端縁が、この順で配置され、前記第1方向、及び、前記鋼板の厚み方向にそれぞれ平行な断面から見たとき、前記鋼板の前記端縁側かつ、前記母材鋼板の内部から前記母材鋼板の表面に向かって外部側の前記めっき部の端部の形状が、曲率半径R1で表される前記第1方向側に凸状の曲線であり、前記R1が下記式(1)を満たす鋼板。
式(1) 5μm≦R1
<2>
前記断面において、前記露出部の前記めっき部側の端部の形状が曲率半径R2で表される凹上の曲線であり、前記R2が下記式(2)を満たす<1>に記載の鋼板。
式(2) 260μm≦R2
<3>
前記断面において、前記めっき部の前記アルミニウムめっき層の表面を前記第1方向に延長させた仮想線から前記母材鋼板の表面までの前記厚み方向の深さのうち、前記露出部の深さをDとしたとき、前記D、前記R1、及び前記R2の関係が下記式(3)を満たす<2>に記載の鋼板。
式(3) D≦(R1+R2)
<4>
前記母材鋼板が、質量%で、C:0.02%~0.58%、Mn:0.20%~3.00%、Al:0.005%~0.06%、P:0.03%以下、S:0.010%以下、N:0.010%以下、Ti:0%~0.20%、Nb:0%~0.20%、V:0%~1.0%、W:0%~1.0%、Cr:0%~1.0%、Mo:0%~1.0%、Cu:0%~1.0%、Ni:0%~1.0%、B:0%~0.0100%、Mg:0%~0.05%、Ca:0%~0.05%、REM:0%~0.05%、Sn:0%~0.5%、Bi:0%~0.05%、Si:0%~2.00%、並びに残部:Feおよび不純物からなる化学組成を有する<1>~<3>のいずれか1つに記載の鋼板。
<5>
前記アルミニウムめっき層の平均厚みが8μm~35μmであり、前記金属間化合物層の平均厚みが3μm~10μmである<1>~<4>のいずれか1つに記載の鋼板。
<6>
<1>~<5>のいずれか1つに記載の鋼板の前記露出部と隣接する溶接金属部を有するテーラードブランク。
<7>
<1>~<5>のいずれか1つに記載の少なくとも2枚の鋼板を有し、前記露出部と隣接する溶接金属部を有するテーラードブランクであって、前記少なくとも2枚の鋼板のうち、鋼板の板厚と熱間プレス成形後の鋼板の引張強度との積が小さいほうの鋼板Aにおいて、
前記鋼板Aを前記めっき部から前記溶接金属部に向かう第2方向及び、前記鋼板の厚み方向にそれぞれ平行な断面から見たときに、
前記めっき部における前記アルミニウムめっき層の表面を前記第2方向に延長させた仮想線から前記母材鋼板の表面までの前記厚み方向の長さを露出部の深さとしたとき、
前記鋼板Aの第1の面の表面に形成された露出部の深さD1(μm)と、
前記鋼板Aの第2の面の表面に形成された露出部の深さD2(μm)と、
前記鋼板Aの板厚t(μm)とが、下記式(4)を満たすテーラードブランク。
式(4) ((D1+D2)/t)×100≦20
<8>
<6>又は<7>に記載のテーラードブランクを用いた熱間プレス成形品。
<9>
<1>~<5>のいずれか1つに記載の鋼板の前記露出部と隣接する溶接金属部を有する鋼管。
<10>
<9>に記載の鋼管を用いた中空状焼入れ成形品。
<11>
<1>~<5>のいずれか1項に記載の鋼板の製造方法であって、
エンドミルによる切削で前記露出部を形成する工程を有する鋼板の製造方法。
なお、本明細書中において、「~」を用いて表される数値範囲は、「~」の前後に記載される数値を下限値及び上限値として含む範囲を意味する。
本明細書中において、成分(元素)の含有量について、例えば、C(炭素)の含有量の場合、「C量」と表記することがある。また、他の元素の含有量についても同様に表記することがある。
本明細書中において、「工程」との用語は、独立した工程だけではなく、他の工程と明確に区別できない場合であってもその工程の所期の目的が達成されれば、本用語に含まれる。
本開示において、「厚み方向」の用語は、鋼板の板幅中央部の板厚を測定する方向を意味する。
本開示において、「鋼板の端面」の用語は、鋼板の表面のうち、厚み方向に直交する方向に向けて露出している面を意味する。
本開示において、「鋼板の端縁」の用語は、鋼板の端面と隣接する部位を意味する。
本明細書中において、「鋼板の端部」との用語は、鋼板の周囲に位置しており、鋼板の端面から板幅全体寸法(つまり、対向する鋼板の端縁から端縁までの長さ)の20%以内までの範囲の領域を表す。すなわち、「端部」は、板幅全体寸法の両端20%ずつの領域(計40%)の領域を占めている。
本明細書中において、「鋼板の中央部」との用語は、領域端面から板幅全体寸法((つまり、対向する鋼板の端縁から端縁までの長さ)の20%以内までの範囲の領域を除く領域を表す。すなわち、鋼板の「中央部」は、鋼板の端部以外の領域であり、板幅全体寸法の60%を占める。
本明細書中において、「めっき部の端部」とは、めっき部の周囲に位置しており、めっき部の端面からめっき部の幅全体寸法(つまり、対向するめっき部の端縁から端縁までの長さ)の20%以内までの範囲の領域を表す。
本明細書中において、「露出部の端部」とは、露出部の端から露出部の幅の20%以内までの範囲の領域を表す。
本明細書中において、鋼板の「断面」との用語は、板厚方向に切断した断面を表す。具体的には、図1及び図5において、鋼板100の厚み方向をZとし、露出部22の長手方向(図1及び図5の表示面に直交する方向)をXとする。そして、方向Zおよび方向Xにそれぞれ直交する方向を、Yとする。このとき、断面は、YZ平面により切断した断面を意味する。
本明細書中において、「溶接部」との用語は、溶接金属部、溶接金属部の周囲に位置する鋼板の露出部、およびめっき部の溶接金属側周辺までを含む領域を表す。
本開示の鋼板は、母材鋼板と、母材鋼板の両面に設けられたアルミニウムめっき層と、母材鋼板とアルミニウムめっき層との間に形成された金属間化合物層と、を有する。
また、本開示の鋼板は、鋼板の端部の両面に、母材鋼板が露出している露出部と、露出部よりも中央側に形成された残存部(以下、めっき部とも称する場合がある)であって、露出部以外の領域に、アルミニウムめっき層および金属間化合物層が残存しているめっき部とを有する。即ち、本開示の鋼板は、第1方向において、母材鋼板の両方の表面上に、少なくともめっき部、露出部、鋼板の端縁が、この順で配置される。
さらに、露出部とめっき部との境界を断面から見たとき、露出部とめっき部との境界における鋼板の外面側に、曲率半径R1で表される凸状の曲線で形成されためっき部を有している。そして、R1が下記式(1)を満たしている。即ち、本開示の鋼板は、第1方向、及び、鋼板の厚み方向にそれぞれ平行な断面から見たとき、鋼板の端縁側かつ、母材鋼板の内部から母材鋼板の表面に向かって外部側のめっき部の端部の形状が、曲率半径R1で表される第1方向側に凸状の曲線であり、前記R1が下記式(1)を満たしている。また、本開示の鋼板は、露出部のめっき部側の端部の形状が曲率半径R2で表される凹状の曲線であってもよい。また、露出部の端部が曲率半径R2で表される凹状の曲線である場合は、R2は下記式(2)を満たしている。
式(1)5μm≦R1
式(2)260μm≦R2
なお、鋼板の形状は特に限定されるものではない。
図1、図2、図5、図6において、100は鋼板、12は母材鋼板、14はアルミニウムめっき層、16は金属間化合物層、22は露出部、26はめっき部を示す。
また、100Aは鋼板100の端面、100Bは露出部22とめっき部26との境界を示す。Dは、アルミニウムめっき層14の表面(鋼板100の外面側の表面)を露出部22の方向(第1方向)に延長させた仮想線から母材鋼板12の表面までの垂直方向(鋼板の厚み方向)の深さ(以下、「除去深さ」と称する場合がある。)を示す。Wは、露出部22の幅を示す。ここで、F1は、鋼板の厚み方向に垂直であり、めっき部から鋼板の一の端縁に向かう方向(Y方向)である第1方向(第1向き)を示す。
また、図1、図2、図5及び図6に示すように、鋼板100の端部では、両面に、母材鋼板12が露出している露出部22が形成され、露出部22よりも中央側であって、露出部22以外の領域に、めっき部26が形成されている。つまり、露出部22は、鋼板100の端面100Aの端縁から、露出部22とめっき部26との境界100Bまでの間の領域で形成されている。
なお、図1、図2、図5及び図6を参照して、本開示の鋼板100を説明したが、本開示の鋼板100はこれらに限定されるものではない。
溶接予定部に金属間化合物層16を残存させた鋼板の場合、硬質で脆い金属間化合物層16が残存しているため、溶接金属部とアルミニウムめっき層14を取り除かない領域との間(応力集中部)に残存した金属間化合物層16の影響を受ける。その結果、特許文献1に開示される鋼板からテーラードブランクを形成し、このテーラードブランクを用いたホットスタンプ成形品は、繰り返しの荷重を受けると、継手の疲労強度が低下する。したがって、溶接予定部のアルミニウムめっき層14のみを取り除き、金属間化合物層16を残した鋼板は、疲労特性が重視される部位への適用は不十分であった。
しかしながら、特許文献7に開示される技術では、レーザ切断による穴あけ加工をしている。この技術は、レーザ光の照射方向により溶融切断して形状を得る手法であるため、金属間化合物層16およびアルミニウムめっき層14の両層の除去には適する技術ではない。
ただし、R2が小さすぎる場合は、継手に応力の負荷が加えられたとき、応力集中が高くなる。そのため、R2を260μm以上とすることで、継手の疲労強度が確保される。なお、本開示の鋼板100は上記構成を有することで、本開示の鋼板100を用いた突合せ溶接部材の継手の静的強度にも優れる。
R1が5μm以上かつR2が260μm以上であれば、R1の条件のみを満たす場合よりもさらに塗装後耐食性が向上するため、好ましい。
母材鋼板12は、アルミニウムめっき層14を設ける前の鋼板である。母材鋼板12は、通常の方法により得られたものであればよく、特に限定されるものではない。母材鋼板12は熱延鋼板または冷延鋼板のいずれでもよい。また、母材鋼板12の厚みは目的に応じた厚みとすればよく、特に限定されるものではない。例えば、母材鋼板12の板厚は、アルミニウムめっき層14を設けた後の鋼板全体の板厚として、0.8mm~4mmとなるような板厚が挙げられ、さらに、1mm~3mmとなるような板厚が挙げられる。
質量%で、C:0.02%~0.58%、Mn:0.20%~3.00%、Al:0.005%~0.06%、P:0.03%以下、S:0.010%以下、N:0.010%以下、Ti:0%~0.20%、Nb:0%~0.20%、V:0%~1.0%、W:0%~1.0%、Cr:0%~1.0%、Mo:0%~1.0%、Cu:0%~1.0%、Ni:0%~1.0%、B:0%~0.0100%、Mg:0%~0.05%、Ca:0%~0.05%、REM:0%~0.05%、Sn:0%~0.5%、Bi:0%~0.05%、Si:0%~2.00%、並びに残部:Feおよび不純物からなる化学組成を有する。
なお、以下、成分(元素)の含有量を示す「%」は、「質量%」を意味する。
Cは、母材鋼板12の焼入れ性を高め、かつ焼入れ後強度を主に決定する重要な元素である。さらにCは、A3点を下げ、焼入れ処理温度の低温化を促進する元素である。C量が0.02%未満では、その効果は十分ではない場合がある。したがって、C量は0.02%以上とすることがよい。一方、C量が0.58%を超えると、焼入れ部の靭性劣化が著しくなる。したがって、C量は0.58%以下とすることがよい。好ましくは、C量は0.45%以下である。
Mnは、母材鋼板12の焼入れ性を高め、かつ焼入れ後強度を安定して確保するために、非常に効果のある元素である。Mn量が0.20%未満ではその効果は十分ではない場合がある。したがって、Mn量は0.20%以上とすることがよい。好ましくは、Mn量は0.80%以上である。一方、Mn量が3.00%を超えると、その効果は飽和するばかりか、却って焼入れ後に安定した強度の確保が困難となる場合がある。したがって、Mn量は3.00%以下とすることがよい。好ましくは、Mn量は2.40%以下である。
Alは、脱酸元素として機能し、母材鋼板12を健全化する作用を有する。Al量が0.005%未満では上記作用による効果を得ることが困難である場合がある。したがって、Al量は0.005%以上とすることがよい。一方、Al量が0.06%超では、上記作用による効果は飽和して、コスト的に不利になる。したがって、Al量は0.06%以下とすることがよい。好ましくは、Al量は0.05%以下である。又、Al量は0.01%以上であることが好ましい。
Pは、不純物として含有される元素である。Pは過剰に含有すると、母材鋼板12の靱性が低下しやすくなる。したがって、P量は0.03%以下とすることがよい。好ましくはP量は、0.01%以下である。P量の下限は特に規定する必要はないが、コストの観点からは下限は0.0002%とすることが好ましい。
Sは、不純物として含有される元素である。Sは、MnSを形成し、母材鋼板12を脆化させる作用を有する。したがって、S量は0.010%以下とすることがよい。より望ましいS量は0.004%以下である。S量の下限は特に規定する必要はないが、コストの観点からは下限は、0.0002%とすることが好ましい。
Nは、母材鋼板12中にて不純物として含有される元素である。さらにNは、母材鋼板12中にて介在物を形成し、熱間プレス成形後の靱性を劣化させる元素である。したがって、N量は0.010%以下とすることがよい。好ましくはN量は0.008%以下、さらに好ましくは0.005%以下である。N量の下限は特に規定する必要はないが、コストの観点からは下限は0.0002%とすることが好ましい。
Ti、Nb、V、およびWは、アルミニウムめっき層14と母材鋼板12におけるFeおよびAlの相互拡散を促進する元素である。したがって、Ti、Nb、V、およびWのうちの少なくとも1種または2種以上を母材鋼板12に含有させてもよい。しかし、1)Ti量およびNb量が0.20%を超える、又は、2)V量およびW量が1.0%を超えると、上記作用による効果は飽和し、コスト的に不利となる。したがって、Ti量およびNb量は0.20%以下とすることがよく、V量およびW量は1.0%以下とすることがよい。Ti量およびNb量は0.15%以下が好ましく、V量およびW量は0.5%以下が好ましい。上記作用による効果をより確実に得るにはTi量およびNb量の下限値を0.01%、V量およびW量の下限値を0.1%とすることが好ましい。
Cr、Mo、Cu、Ni、およびBは、母材鋼板12の焼入れ性を高め、かつ焼入れ後強度を安定して確保するために、効果のある元素である。したがって、これらの元素のうちの1種または2種以上を母材鋼板12に含有させてもよい。しかし、Cr、Mo、Cu、およびNiの含有量については1.0%超、B量については0.0100%超としても、上記効果は飽和して、コスト的に不利となる。したがって、Cr、Mo、Cu、およびNiの含有量は1.0%以下とすることがよい。また、B量は0.0100%以下とすることがよく、0.0080%以下とすることが好ましい。上記効果をより確実に得るには、Cr、Mo、Cu、およびNiの含有量が0.1%以上、並びにBの含有量が0.0010%以上のいずれかを満足させることが好ましい。
Ca、Mg、およびREMは、鋼中の介在物の形態を微細化し、介在物による熱間プレス成形時の割れの発生を防止する作用を有する。したがって、これらの元素の1種または2種以上を母材鋼板12に含有させてもよい。しかし、過剰に添加すると、母材鋼板12中の介在物の形態を微細化する効果は飽和し、コスト増を招くだけとなる。したがって、Ca量は0.05%以下、Mg量は0.05%以下、REM量は0.05%以下とする。上記作用による効果をより確実に得るには、Ca量を0.0005%以上、Mg量を0.0005%以上、およびREM量を0.0005%以上のいずれかを満足させることが好ましい。
Snは、露出部22の耐食性を向上する元素である。したがって、母材鋼板12にSnを含有させてもよい。しかし、0.5%を超えて母材鋼板12にSnを含有させると母材鋼板12の脆化を招く。したがって、Sn量は0.5%以下とする。好ましくは、Sn量は0.3%以下である。なお、上記作用による効果をより確実に得るには、Sn量を0.02%以上とすることが好ましい。さらに好ましくはSn量は0.04%以上である。
Biは、溶鋼の凝固過程において凝固核となり、デンドライトの2次アーム間隔を小さくすることにより、デンドライトの2次アーム間隔内に偏析するMn等の偏析を抑制する作用を有する元素である。したがって、母材鋼板12にBiを含有させてもよい。特に熱間プレス用鋼板のように多量のMnを含有させることがよく行われる鋼板については、Mnの偏析に起因する靭性の劣化を抑制するのにBiは効果がある。したがって、そのような鋼種にはBiを含有させることが好ましい。しかし、0.05%を超えて母材鋼板12にBiを含有させても、上記作用による効果は飽和してしまい、コストの増加を招く。したがって、Bi量は0.05%以下とする。好ましくはBi量は0.02%以下である。なお、上記作用による効果をより確実に得るには、Bi量を0.0002%以上とすることが好ましい。さらに好ましくはBi量は0.0005%以上である。
Siは、固溶強化元素であり、2.00%まで母材鋼板12に含有させたときには有効に活用できる。しかし、Siは2.00%を超えて母材鋼板12に含有させると、めっき性に不具合が生じることが懸念される。したがって、母材鋼板12がSiを含有する場合、Si量は2.00%以下とすることがよい。好ましい上限は1.40%以下、さらに好ましくは1.00%以下である。下限は特に限定されないが、上記作用による効果をより確実に得るには、下限は0.01%が好ましい。
残部は、Feおよび不純物である。ここで、不純物とは、鉱石やスクラップ等の原材料に含まれる成分、または、製造の過程で母材鋼板12に混入する成分が例示される。不純物とは意図的に鋼板に含有させたものではない成分を意味する。
アルミニウムめっき層14は、母材鋼板12の両面に形成される。アルミニウムめっき層14を形成する方法は、特に限定されるものではない。例えば、アルミニウムめっき層14は、溶融めっき法(アルミニウムを主体として含む溶融金属浴中に母材鋼板12を浸漬させ、アルミニウムめっき層14を形成させる方法)により母材鋼板12の両面に形成してもよい。
上記範囲でアルミニウムめっき層14にSiを含有させると、加工性及び耐食性の低下が抑制され得る。また、金属間化合物層16の厚みを低減し得る。
金属間化合物層16は、母材鋼板12上にアルミニウムめっきを設ける際に、母材鋼板12とアルミニウムめっき層14との間の境界部に形成される層である。具体的には、金属間化合物層16は、アルミニウムを主体として含む溶融金属浴中での母材鋼板12の鉄(Fe)とアルミニウム(Al)を含む金属との反応によって形成される。金属間化合物層16は、主にFexAly(x、yは1以上を表す)で表される化合物の複数種で形成されている。アルミニウムめっき層14がSi(シリコン)を含む場合は、金属間化合物層16は、FexAlyおよびFexAlySiz(x、y、zは1以上を表す)で表される化合物の複数種で形成されている。
なお、金属間化合物層16の厚みは、アルミニウムを主体として含む溶融金属浴の温度と浸漬時間によって制御し得る。
鋼板100の断面のアルミニウム濃度の測定値として、アルミニウム(Al)濃度が0.06質量%未満である領域を母材鋼板12、アルミニウム濃度が0.06質量%以上である領域を金属間化合物層16またはアルミニウムめっき層14と判断する。また、金属間化合物層16およびアルミニウムめっき層14のうち、鉄(Fe)濃度が4質量%超である領域を金属間化合物層16、鉄濃度が4質量%以下である領域をアルミニウムめっき層14と判断する。
なお、母材鋼板12と金属間化合物層16との境界から、金属間化合物層16とアルミニウムめっき層14との境界までの距離を金属間化合物層16の厚みとする。また、金属間化合物層16とアルミニウムめっき層14との境界からアルミニウムめっき層14が形成された鋼板100の表面までの距離をアルミニウムめっき層14の厚みとする。
アルミニウムめっき層14の厚みは、前述の判断基準にしたがって、アルミニウムめっき層14を有する鋼板100表面から金属間化合物層16までの厚みを、端部以外の領域における板幅を5等分した5箇所の位置で求め、求めた値の平均値をアルミニウムめっき層14の厚みとする。
例えば、めっき部26の厚みを測定する場合では、図1及び図5のめっき部26を例にとれば、露出部22の長手方向(図1及び図5におけるX方向とする、以下第3方向と称する)について、めっき部26の第3方向の全長(以下の全長の規定も同様とする)を5等分した5箇所の位置のアルミニウムめっき層14の厚みを求め、求めた値を平均した値をアルミニウムめっき層14の厚みとしてもよい。ここで、第1方向F1における厚みの測定位置は、5箇所の断面視のそれぞれにおいてめっき部26の幅の1/2の位置で行う(以下、厚みの測定は同様に行う)。なお、めっき部26の幅とは、第1方向F1におけるめっき部26の端縁間の距離を示し、以下、単にめっき部26の幅とも言う。
厚み測定の際のアルミニウムめっき層14、金属間化合物層16、母材鋼板12の区別については、前述の判断基準にしたがって判断する。なお、露出部22が曲線上に延設される場合、曲線に沿った全長を5等分した箇所で厚みを求めてもよい。
同様に、金属間化合物層16の厚みを測定する場合、第3方向について、金属間化合物層16の全長(以下の全長の規定も同様とする)を5等分した5箇所の位置で金属間化合物層16の厚みを求め、求めた値を平均した値を金属間化合物層16の厚みとする。めっき部26の金属間化合物層16の厚みを測定する場合、アルミニウムめっき層14の厚みを測定するときと同様に、めっき部26の幅の1/2の位置で行う。又、厚み測定の際のアルミニウムめっき層14、金属間化合物層16、母材鋼板12の区別については、前述の判断基準にしたがって判断する。
本開示の鋼板100は、鋼板100の端部の両面において、母材鋼板12が露出している露出部22を有している。露出部22は、端部の少なくとも一部に存在している。また、露出部22よりも鋼板100の中央部側に、めっき部26を有する。めっき部26は、端部以外の領域における構造と同様の構造を備えている。
露出部22は、鋼板100の溶接を予定している端部の両面に形成され、鋼板100の端縁に沿って形成される。つまり、露出部22は、溶接を予定している端部において、鋼板100の端縁から露出部22とめっき部26との境界までの範囲に形成される。ここで図2及び図6を例にすると、露出部22は、鋼板100の端面100Aから境界100Bまでの範囲で形成されている。図2及び図6の場合は、この露出部22の幅はWとなる。
ここで、図2を参照すると、露出部22の幅は、鋼板100の端面100Aの端縁から露出部22とめっき部26との境界100Bまでの距離であり、Wで表される。露出部22の幅は、例えば露出部22の第3方向(X方向)における全長を5等分した5か所の断面から露出部22の幅を顕微鏡でスケールを用いて測定し、その平均値とする。
式(3)D≦(R1+R2)
次に、露出部22とめっき部26との境界に位置する露出部22を除く部分における母材鋼板12の厚み(厚みB)を求める。厚みBは、露出部22とめっき部26との境界における母材鋼板12側の終点(露出部22のめっき部26側の端)から、鋼板100の端縁側の露出部22の終点までの範囲を測定した平均値とする。ただし、この範囲の全幅に対して、鋼板100の端縁側の露出部22の終点から中央部に向かって10%の範囲、及び露出部22とめっき部26との境界における母材鋼板12側の終点から鋼板100の端縁側に向かって10%の範囲は、測定から除外する。この除外した範囲において、5等分した5箇所における位置で測定し、その平均値を厚みBとする。
そして、上記で求めた厚みAから厚みBを差し引くことで、深さDが求められる(つまり、深さDは、下記式で求められる 式:深さD=厚みA-厚みB)。
なお、後述の深さD1およびD2も同様にして測定すればよい。
まず、鋼板100の端部における露出部22の全幅が観察可能な断面を含む測定用試料を5箇所採取する。次に、鋼板100の断面が露出するように切断を行い、樹脂に埋め込み、研磨を行い、断面を光学顕微鏡で拡大する。鋼板100の端縁を基準とし、鋼板100の端縁からめっき部26までの距離(露出部22の幅)を測定する。5箇所で測定した平均値を露出部22の幅とする。
露出部22とめっき部26との境界の断面形状は、露出部22とめっき部26との境界を断面から見たとき、境界の鋼板100外面側が、曲率半径R1で表される凸状の曲線で形成されためっき部26を有する。即ち、鋼板100の端面100A側かつ、母材鋼板12の内部から母材鋼板12の表面に向かって外部側のめっき部26の端部の形状が、曲率半径R1で表される第1方向F1側に凸状の曲線である。また、境界の他端側に、曲率半径R2で表される凹状の曲線で形成された露出部を有していてもよい。即ち、露出部22のめっき部26側の端部の形状が曲率半径R2で表される凹状の曲線であってもよい。凸状の曲線で形成されためっき部26はアルミニウムめっき層14である。そして、曲率半径R1は、5μm≦R1の関係を満たしている。また、曲率半径R2は、260≦R2の関係を満たしている。
また、継手の疲労強度の点で、R2は大きければ大きいほど、応力の負荷が加えられたときの応力集中が緩和される。そのため、R2は、260μm≦R2を満たしていてもよく、400μm≦R2を満たしていてもよく、1000μm≦R2を満たしていてもよい。なお、R2の上限は特に限定されず、例えば、R2≦100000μmが挙げられる。
レーザ溶接線に直交する方向で切断し、樹脂に埋め込み、研磨を行い電子線マイクロアナライザ(FE-EPMA)により、鋼板100の表面から母材鋼板12までをマッピング分析し、アルミニウム濃度を測定する。測定条件は、加速電圧15kV、ビーム径100nm程度、照射時間1000ms、測定ピッチは格子状に5μmピッチとする。溶接金属部のアルミニウム濃度の測定値を平均化して、平均濃度を求める。
以下、露出部22を形成する好ましい方法の一例について具体的に説明する。
鋼板100の端部の少なくとも一部において、母材鋼板12の両面上に形成された金属間化合物層16およびアルミニウムめっき層14を切削により両面除去して、母材鋼板12が露出する露出部22を形成する工程を有していてもよい(形成法Aとする)。
一方で、機械加工により露出部22を形成する場合、露出部22が形成される部分の母材鋼板12は、温度上昇が抑えられマルテンサイトが生じない。また、水素も入らないため遅れ破壊の発生が抑制される。この点で、露出部22を形成するための方法としては、機械加工による切削を採用することが好ましい。
さらに、機械加工により露出部22を形成する場合、レーザガウジング等のレーザ加工を行うときのレーザ光に対する遮光対策を行うことが無く、コスト等の点でも有利である。
機械加工の中でも、露出部22は、エンドミルによる切削で形成されることが好ましい。エンドミルによる切削は、回転運動による切削である。そのため、エンドミルによって形成された露出部22は、切削面(露出部22における母材鋼板12の露出面、露出部22とめっき部26と境界におけるめっき部26の断面)に、微細な凹凸形状をした切削痕が生じている。
鋼板100の端部の少なくとも一部の両面に露出部22を形成する他の好ましい方法の一例としては、例えば、次の方法が挙げられる。
上記の形成法Bのように形成した鋼板100の切断前での母材鋼板12の露出部22の幅は、鋼板100を突合せ溶接した後の溶融領域(溶接金属部)の幅の半分より10%から50%大きいことがよい。
これらの範囲であると、鋼板100を突合せ溶接した後の溶接金属部に、アルミニウムの混入が抑えられるため、溶接部の塗装後耐食性に優れたものとなるとともに、引張強度の低下も抑制される。また、溶接金属部とめっき部26との間に、硬質で脆い金属間化合物層16を有していないためホットスタンプ後の鋼板100の疲労強度の低下が抑制される。
次に、突き合わせ溶接部材(テーラードブランク)について説明する。
突合せ溶接部材(テーラードブランク)は、本開示の鋼板100を少なくとも1枚有し、本開示の鋼板100の露出部22を有する端部を介して、少なくとも2枚の鋼板を突合せ溶接したテーラードブランクである。本開示の鋼板100を少なくとも1枚有していれば、2枚の鋼板の端面どうしを突合せた状態で溶接してもよく、3枚の鋼板の端面どうしを突合せた状態で溶接してもよい。例えば、テーラードブランクは、露出部22を有する本開示の鋼板100の端部の端面と、他の鋼板の溶接予定部の端部の端面とを突合せた状態で溶接した溶接部材でもよい。突き合わせ溶接するもう一方の鋼板は、熱間プレス後の引張強度が400~2700MPaとなる亜鉛系めっき鋼板(亜鉛、亜鉛-鉄、亜鉛-ニッケル、亜鉛-マグネシウム)でもよい。亜鉛系めっき鋼板は露出部22を形成せず溶接することが望ましい。
また、テーラードブランクは、例えば、本開示の2枚の鋼板100における露出部22を有する端部の端面どうしを突合せた状態で溶接してもよく、本開示の3枚の鋼板100における露出部22を有する端部の端面どうしを突合せた状態で溶接してもよい。さらに、本開示の3枚以上の鋼板100における露出部22の端面どうしを突合せた状態で溶接してもよい。
さらに、テーラードブランクを得るための2枚以上の鋼板は、鋼板の端部の露出部22の幅が同じ鋼板でもよく、異なる鋼板でもよい。また、鋼板の露出部22とめっき部26との境界の態様が同じ鋼板でもよく、異なる鋼板でもよい。
例えば、鋼板の露出部22とめっき部26との境界の態様が異なる組み合わせとしては、露出部22とめっき部26との境界の鋼板外面側に有するR1が異なる態様の組み合わせが挙げられる。また、R1とR2を有する鋼板100の組合せは、例えば1)R1が異なり、R2が同じである態様の組み合わせ、2)R1が同じであり、R2が異なる態様の組み合わせ、3)R1が異なり、R2も異なる態様の組み合わせが挙げられる。
本開示の少なくとも2枚の鋼板100のうち、鋼板100の板厚と熱間プレス成形後の鋼板100の引張強度との積が小さいほうの鋼板100(以下、鋼板Aと称する場合もある)の板厚をt(μm)とする。また、鋼板Aをめっき部26から溶接金属部に向かう第2方向F2及び、鋼板の厚み方向にそれぞれ平行な断面から見たとき、めっき部26におけるアルミニウムめっき層14の表面を第2方向F2に延長させた仮想線から母材鋼板12の表面までの鋼板100の厚み方向の長さを露出部の深さとする。鋼板Aの端部の両面に形成されている露出部22のうち、一方の面(第1の面)に形成された露出部22での垂直方向の露出部の深さをD1(以下、「除去深さD1」と称する場合がある。)、他方の面(第2の面)に形成された露出部22での垂直方向の露出部の深さをD2(以下、「除去深さD2」と称する場合がある。)とする。このとき、t(μm)、D1(μm)、およびD2(μm)の関係が下記式(4)の関係を満たしていることがよい。下記式(4)を満たす場合、疲労強度が向上する。なお、通常、板厚の単位は、mmであるが、tに代入する数値は、μmに換算した値として代入する。
式(4)((D1+D2)/t)×100≦20
また、「鋼板の板厚と熱間プレス成形後の鋼板の引張強度との積」において、板厚は、熱間プレス成形後の鋼板の板厚を、引張強度は、熱間プレス成形後の引張強度を、それぞれ用いる。
また、溶接は、必要に応じて、フィラーワイヤを供給しながら溶接してもよい。
次に、熱間プレス成形品について説明する。
熱間プレス成形品(ホットスタンプ成形品)は、本開示の鋼板100を少なくとも1枚有するテーラードブランク200を熱間プレス成形して得られた成形品である。すなわち、熱間プレス成形して得られた熱間プレス成形品は、本開示の鋼板100を少なくとも1枚含み、少なくとも2枚の鋼板の端部が対向して配置された鋼板と、少なくとも2枚の鋼板の端部を接合する溶接金属部30であって、本開示の鋼板100の母材鋼板12が露出している露出部22に隣接して備える溶接金属部30と、を有する。例えば、具体的には、露出部22は、溶接金属部30により接合された2枚の鋼板の両面のうち、溶接金属部30の周囲に位置する両面に有している。
ホットスタンプ成形品は、継手の疲労強度と溶接部の塗装後耐食性の点で、本開示の少なくとも2枚の鋼板を、露出部22を有する端部を介して突合せ溶接した溶接部材を熱間プレス成形して得られた成形品であることがよい。
まず、テーラードブランク200を高温に加熱してテーラードブランク200を軟化させる。そして、金型を用いて、軟化したテーラードブランク200をホットスタンプにより成形および冷却して焼き入れられ、目的とする形状のホットスタンプ成形品が得られる。ホットスタンプ成形品は、加熱、及び冷却により焼入れされることで、例えば、約1500MPa以上の高い引張強度を有する成形品が得られる。
まず、母材鋼板12の両面に、アルミニウムめっき層14を形成して鋼板を得る。このとき、母材鋼板12とアルミニウムめっき層14との間には、金属間化合物層16が形成される。
ここで、鋼板100の端部に形成される露出部22は、鋼板をコイル状に巻き取った後、コイル状に巻かれた鋼板を引き出した状態で形成してもよい。この場合、露出部22を形成したあと、露出部22が鋼板100の端部に有するように打ち抜き加工を施して打ち抜き部材を得る。
また、鋼板100の端部に形成される露出部22は、コイル状に巻かれた鋼板を引き出し、引き出した鋼板に打ち抜き加工を施して、打ち抜き部材を形成した後に形成してもよい。この場合、打ち抜き部材の端部に露出部22を形成してもよい。また、打ち抜き部材の端部以外の部分に、例えば一方向に延びるように、露出領域を形成した後、鋼板100の端部に露出部22が形成されるように、打ち抜き部材の露出領域を切断してもよい。
次に、打ち抜き部材の端部を突合せた状態で、突合わせ溶接を行い、テーラードブランクを得る。具体的には、露出部22が形成された打ち抜き部材を2枚準備した場合、露出部22を有する端部を突合せた状態で、突合わせ溶接を行い、テーラードブランク200を得る。
次に、上型及び下型の一対の金型により、加熱されたテーラードブランク200をプレスし、成形及び焼入れする。
そして、金型から取り外すことで、目的とするホットスタンプ成形品が得られる。
次に、鋼管について説明する。
鋼管は、本開示の鋼板100によるオープン管の端部を介して溶接したものである。つまり、鋼管は、本開示の鋼板100をオープン管とし、露出部22を有する端部の端面どうしを突合せた状態で溶接して得られた鋼管である。すなわち、鋼管は、溶接金属部(つまり、鋼板のオープン管の端部を接合する溶接金属部)を少なくとも一つ有し、溶接金属部に隣接する本開示の鋼板100による管状体の両面に、母材鋼板12が露出している露出部22を有する。
1)第1の端部に、第1の露出部22を設け、第2の端部に、第2の露出部22を設けた鋼板100を1枚準備する。この1枚の鋼板100を管状に成形してオープン管とする。その後、得られたオープン管において、第1の露出部22を備える端部の端面と、第2の露出部22を備える端部の端面とを突合せた状態で溶接して得られた鋼管でもよい。
2)第1の端部に、第1の露出部22を設け、第2の端部に、第2の露出部22を設けた鋼板100を2枚以上の鋼板100を準備する。この鋼板100が2枚である場合は、第1の露出部22を備える第1の鋼板100の端部の端面と、第2の露出部22を備える端部の第2の鋼板100の端面とを、突合せた状態で溶接してテーラードブランク200とする。そして、このテーラードブランク200を管状に成形してオープン管とする。その後、得られたオープン管において、溶接を行っていない第2の露出部22を備える第1の鋼板100部分での端部の端面と、溶接を行っていない第1の露出部22を備える第2の鋼板100部分での端部の端面とを突合せた状態で溶接して得られた鋼管でもよい。なお、オープン管は、オープン管を形成する前のテーラードブランク200における溶接線に対して、平行な方向に形成してもよく、交差する方向に形成してもよい。
また、管状に成形した後の溶接は、特に限定されず、例えば、レーザ溶接;プラズマ溶接;電気抵抗溶接または高周波誘導加熱溶接により溶接する電縫溶接が挙げられる。
次に、中空状焼入れ成形品について説明する。
中空状焼入れ成形品(以下、「中空状ホットスタンプ成形品」と称する場合がある。)は、本開示の鋼板100、又は本開示の鋼板100を突合せ溶接して得られたテーラードブランク200から形成した鋼管を、焼入れして得られた中空状の成形品である。
すなわち、鋼管をホットスタンプすることにより得られた中空状焼入れ成形品は、溶接金属部(つまり、鋼板100の端部を接合する溶接金属部)を少なくとも一つを有し、溶接金属部に隣接する本開示の鋼板100による中空成形体の両面に、母材鋼板12が露出している露出部22を有する。
本開示の鋼板100を用いて得られた鋼管を、ベンダーで成形する。次に加熱炉、通電加熱、または高周波誘導加熱により加熱する。鋼管を加熱する温度としては、オーステナイト領域とする必要があることから、例えば、850℃~1100℃とすることがよく、900℃~1000℃程度の温度とすることがよい。次に、加熱した鋼管を、水冷等により冷却し、焼入れを行う。
なお、成形と焼入れとを同時に行ってもよい。これは3次元熱間曲げ焼き入れ(3DQ)と呼ばれ、例えば、鋼管を加熱するとともに、荷重を加えて変形させ、直後に水冷等により冷却することによって焼入れられる。これらの過程を経ることによって、目的とする中空状焼入れ成形品が得られる。なお、中空状焼入れ成形品は、そのまま部品として用いてもよい。また、必要に応じて溶接部に脱スケール処理(例えば、ショットブラスト、ブラッシング、レーザクリーニングなど)を行ってから用いてもよい。
なお、当業者であれば、特許請求の範囲に記載された思想の範疇内において、各種の変更例または修正例に想到し得ることは明らかであり、それらについても当然に本開示の技術的範囲に属するものと了解される。
まず、表1に示す化学組成を有する母材鋼板(ホットスタンプ後の強度クラス1300~1800MPa)及び低強度鋼板(ホットスタンプ後の強度クラス590~980MPa)を用いて、表2に示す厚みとなるように、アルミニウムめっきを施した鋼板を準備した。そして、この鋼板を切り出し、1辺10cmの四角形の鋼板とした。次に、準備した母材鋼板の端部の両面に、エンドミルで切削して露出部を形成した。
一部の鋼板は、アルミニウムめっき層および金属間化合物層16の除去を行わなかった。また、一部の鋼板は、アルミニウムめっき層のみの除去を行い、金属間化合物層16の除去は行わなかった。なお、番号18に用いた鋼板は、図10のような形状になるようにアルミニウムめっき層、金属間化合物層を除去した。
作製したテーラードブランクを、920℃に加熱した炉で4分間保持後、水冷した金型で、成形して、焼入れを行い、平板のホットスタンプ成形品を作製した。
なお、溶接金属部のビッカース硬さはHV500以上であった。また、表1~表3において、HS(ホットスタンプ)後の強度クラスとは、ホットスタンプ後の強度クラスを表す。
(疲労強度試験および継手静的強度)
得られたホットスタンプ成形品から、引張強度試験用の試験片および疲労強度試験用の試験片として、溶接部を持つダンベル状の形状の試験片を採取した。
試験片は、平行部距離20mm、平行部の幅15mmとし、平行部の中央部に、長手方向に対して直交方向になるように幅全長にわたって、溶接線を有するように採取した。この試験片を用いて疲労強度試験および継手静的強度試験を行った。
継手静的強度(静的強度と表記)として、破断荷重を引張強度×板厚の小さい側の断面積で除して算出した。表6中の静的強度比率は、継手静的強度試験で得られた継手静的強度を、表3中の鋼板1及び2のうち強度の低い鋼板2の静的強度で割った値に100を掛けた値である。静的強度比率を下記の判定基準で評価を行い、A及びBを合格、Cを不合格とした。
-判定基準-
A:静的強度比率が100%以上
B:静的強度比率が90%以上100%未満
C:静的強度比率が90%未満
疲労強度試験(疲労限と表記)は、電磁共振型疲労強度試験機を用い、室温大気中で荷重制御軸力完全片振り引張、応力比0.1、応力繰り返し回数107回、繰返し速度約80Hzの試験条件で行った。これらの結果を表6に示す。表6中の疲労限比率は、表6中の疲労限比率は、疲労強度試験で得られた疲労限を、表3中の鋼板1及び2のうち強度の低い鋼板2の疲労限で割った値に100を掛けた値である。疲労限比率を下記の判定基準で評価を行い、A及びBを合格、Cを不合格とした。
-判定基準-
A:疲労限比率が100%以上
B:疲労限比率が90%以上100%未満
C:疲労限比率が90%未満
上記で得られたホットスタンプ成形品を化成処理した後、電着塗装を行い、塗装後耐食性試験を行った。化成処理は日本パーカライジング(株)製化成処理液PB-SX35Tで施した。その後、電着塗料として、日本ペイント(株)製カチオン電着塗料パワーニクス110を使用し、電着膜厚約15μmを目標として電着塗装を施した。水洗後、170℃で20分間加熱して焼き付け、試験板を作製した。試験板のサイズは65mm長さ、100mm幅(幅中央部に溶接部がある。)とした。
この試験板を用いて、自動車部品外観腐食試験JASO M610-92を用い、360サイクル(120日)経過後の腐食状況で塗装後耐食性を評価した。
-判定基準-
A:最大腐食深さが0.1mm未満
B:最大腐食深さが0.1mm以上0.2mm未満
C:最大腐食深さが0.2mm以上
「A」:アルミニウムめっき層および金属間化合物層を除去
「B」:アルミニウムめっき層を除去(金属間化合物層が残存)
「C」:アルミニウムめっき層および金属間化合物層が残存(除去しない)
表6中、突き合わせ溶接部材欄の「((D1+D2)/t)×100」は、突き合わせ溶接を行う2枚の鋼板のうち、鋼板の板厚とホットスタンプ後の鋼板の強度との積が小さくなるほうの鋼板について求めた値である。tは板厚(μmに換算)、D1は第1の面に形成された深さ(μm)、D2は第2の面に形成された深さ(μm)を表す。
アルミニウムめっき層を取り除き、金属間化合物層を残存させ、母材鋼板の露出部を有さない鋼板を用いた番号2は、R1が5μm以上を満たしているため、塗装後耐食性は優れている。しかし、金属間化合物層が残存しているため、疲労強度が劣位である。
アルミニウムめっき層および金属間化合物層の両層を除去した鋼板を用いた番号3は、疲労強度は優れている。しかし、R1が5μm未満であるため、塗装後耐食性が劣位である。
図10に示す形状を有する鋼板を用いた番号18は、めっき部側の端部が曲線ではなく直線であり、露出部側のR2が100000超であるため、母材鋼板と金属間化合物層との硬度差による応力集中が起き、疲労強度が劣位である。また、R1が5μm未満であるため、塗装後耐食性も劣位である。
一方、表3~表6に示すように、アルミニウムめっき層および金属間化合物層の両層を除去して、R1が5μm以上を満たす鋼板を用いた番号4~番号17、及び番号19~番号23は、疲労強度および塗装後耐食性が優れている。
14 アルミニウムめっき層
16 金属間化合物層
22 露出部
26 めっき部
100 鋼板
F1 第1方向
Claims (11)
- 母材鋼板と、
前記母材鋼板の表面上に、前記母材鋼板側から順に金属間化合物層、アルミニウムめっき層が設けられためっき部と、
前記母材鋼板が露出した露出部と、
を有する鋼板であって、
前記鋼板の厚み方向に垂直であり、前記めっき部から前記鋼板の一の端縁に向かう第1方向において、前記母材鋼板の両方の表面上に、少なくとも前記めっき部、前記露出部、前記鋼板の前記端縁が、この順で配置され、
前記第1方向、及び、前記鋼板の厚み方向にそれぞれ平行な断面から見たとき、前記鋼板の前記端縁側かつ、前記母材鋼板の内部から前記母材鋼板の表面に向かって外部側の前記めっき部の端部の形状が、曲率半径R1で表される前記第1方向側に凸状の曲線であり、前記R1が下記式(1)を満たす鋼板。
式(1) 5μm≦R1 - 前記断面において、前記露出部の前記めっき部側の端部の形状が曲率半径R2で表される凹上の曲線であり、前記R2が下記式(2)を満たす請求項1に記載の鋼板。
式(2) 260μm≦R2 - 前記断面において、前記めっき部の前記アルミニウムめっき層の表面を前記第1方向に延長させた仮想線から前記母材鋼板の表面までの前記厚み方向の深さのうち、前記露出部の深さをDとしたとき、前記D、前記R1、及び前記R2の関係が下記式(3)を満たす請求項2に記載の鋼板。
式(3) D≦(R1+R2) - 前記母材鋼板が、質量%で、
C:0.02%~0.58%、
Mn:0.20%~3.00%、
Al:0.005%~0.06%、
P:0.03%以下、
S:0.010%以下、
N:0.010%以下、
Ti:0%~0.20%、
Nb:0%~0.20%、
V:0%~1.0%、
W:0%~1.0%、
Cr:0%~1.0%、
Mo:0%~1.0%、
Cu:0%~1.0%、
Ni:0%~1.0%、
B:0%~0.0100%、
Mg:0%~0.05%、
Ca:0%~0.05%、
REM:0%~0.05%、
Sn:0%~0.5%、
Bi:0%~0.05%、
Si:0%~2.00%、並びに
残部:Feおよび不純物からなる化学組成を有する請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の鋼板。 - 前記アルミニウムめっき層の平均厚みが8μm~35μmであり、前記金属間化合物層の平均厚みが3μm~10μmである請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の鋼板。
- 請求項1~請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の鋼板の前記露出部と隣接する溶接金属部を有するテーラードブランク。
- 請求項1~請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の鋼板の少なくとも2枚を有し、前記露出部と隣接する溶接金属部を有するテーラードブランクであって、前記少なくとも2枚の鋼板のうち、鋼板の板厚と熱間プレス成形後の鋼板の引張強度との積が小さいほうの鋼板Aにおいて、
前記鋼板Aを前記めっき部から前記溶接金属部に向かう第2方向及び、前記鋼板の厚み方向にそれぞれ平行な断面から見たとき、
前記めっき部における前記アルミニウムめっき層の表面を前記第2方向に延長させた仮想線から前記母材鋼板の表面までの前記厚み方向の長さを露出部の深さとしたときに、
前記鋼板Aの第1の面の表面に形成された露出部の深さD1(μm)と、
前記鋼板Aの第2の面の表面に形成された露出部の深さD2(μm)と、
前記鋼板Aの板厚t(μm)とが、下記式(4)を満たすテーラードブランク。
式(4) ((D1+D2)/t)×100≦20 - 請求項6又は7に記載のテーラードブランクを用いた熱間プレス成形品。
- 請求項1~請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の鋼板の前記露出部と隣接する溶接金属部を有する鋼管。
- 請求項9に記載の鋼管を用いた中空状焼入れ成形品。
- 請求項1~請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の鋼板の製造方法であって、
エンドミルによる切削で前記露出部を形成する工程を有する鋼板の製造方法。
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