WO2019233151A1 - 一种聚氨酯复合材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种聚氨酯复合材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2019233151A1
WO2019233151A1 PCT/CN2019/077926 CN2019077926W WO2019233151A1 WO 2019233151 A1 WO2019233151 A1 WO 2019233151A1 CN 2019077926 W CN2019077926 W CN 2019077926W WO 2019233151 A1 WO2019233151 A1 WO 2019233151A1
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composite material
parts
polyurethane composite
polyurethane
present
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PCT/CN2019/077926
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English (en)
French (fr)
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丘国豪
邓宣晖
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浙江高裕家居科技有限公司
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Priority to US16/624,240 priority Critical patent/US20200148839A1/en
Publication of WO2019233151A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019233151A1/zh

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    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
    • C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
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    • C08G18/6685—Compounds of group C08G18/48 or C08G18/52 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or C08G18/3271 and/or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/3225 or polyamines of C08G18/38
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    • C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
    • C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
    • C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
    • C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
    • C08G18/7657—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings
    • C08G18/7664—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups
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    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0004—Use of compounding ingredients, the chemical constitution of which is unknown, broadly defined, or irrelevant
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    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
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    • C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
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Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of foam materials, in particular to a polyurethane composite material and a preparation method thereof.
  • the common deodorizing methods of polyurethane materials include adding diatomite, activated carbon or silica to the polyurethane materials. Although these materials can remove the odor in the polyurethane materials to a certain extent, they are used in the production of polyurethane materials with these materials. At the same time, these materials have a large mechanical wear on the polyurethane material, which will cause the compression set of the polyurethane material to deteriorate, and the prepared polyurethane material does not have an aromatic odor.
  • the indoor and outdoor air may be mixed with some odors, which will directly affect people's living environment.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a polyurethane composite material, thereby removing the odor released by the polyurethane itself and the odor in the surrounding environment, and enhancing its adsorption function.
  • the invention provides a polyurethane composite material, which is made of raw materials including the following parts by weight:
  • the base polymer is a polyether polyol and / or a polymer polyol.
  • the isocyanate is toluene diisocyanate and / or modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate.
  • the mass ratio of the toluene diisocyanate and the modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate is 0.2 to 0.5: 1.
  • the catalyst is one or more of triethylenediamine, bis- (dimethylaminoethyl) ether or stannous octoate.
  • the particle size of the coffee powder is 50-200 mesh.
  • the surfactant is a polyether polysiloxane copolymer.
  • the foaming agent is water or dichloromethane.
  • the cross-linking agent is diethanolamine, triethanolamine, or a small molecule diol
  • the small molecule diol is dipropylene glycol, butanediol, or diethylene glycol.
  • the invention provides a method for preparing a polyurethane composite material according to the above technical solution, including the following steps:
  • the white material is mixed with an isocyanate, and a foaming reaction is performed to obtain a polyurethane composite material.
  • the mixing in the step (2) is performed under stirring conditions; the rotation speed of the stirring is 500-2000 rpm.
  • the temperature of the white material in the step (2) is 18-25 ° C; and the temperature of the isocyanate in the step (3) is 18-25 ° C.
  • the mixing in the step (3) is performed under stirring conditions; the rotation speed of the stirring is 3000 to 5000 rpm.
  • the temperature of the foaming reaction is 21 ° C. and the time is 150 s.
  • the pressure of the foaming reaction is 0.1 to 0.2 MPa.
  • the invention provides a polyurethane composite material.
  • coffee powder is used in the polyurethane material.
  • the moisture absorption and deodorization characteristics of the coffee powder can reduce the chemical odor of the polyurethane material itself, so that the polyurethane material has the aroma of coffee and produces People's happy mood reduces irritability.
  • the invention uses the large specific surface area of coffee powder to make the polyurethane material have a strong adsorption function, which can remove the odor in the surrounding environment, so that the space in which the polyurethane composite material provided by the invention is used is more fresh and has the effect of purifying the environment.
  • pillows and mattresses produced by using the polyurethane composite material provided by the present invention can make people sleep more easily, thereby improving people's quality of life.
  • the core density of the polyurethane composite material of the present invention can reach 68.71 kg / m3, the indentation hardness is 60.92 N, the compression recovery rate is 97.32%, the ammonia gas reduction rate is 91%, the acetic acid reduction rate is 98%, and the isovaleric acid reduction rate 99%, 2-nonenoic acid reduction rate of 98%. It can be known from this that the polyurethane composite material of the present invention not only meets the requirements of the standard in mechanical properties, but also has excellent adsorption performance.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the production process of the polyurethane material of the present invention.
  • the invention provides a polyurethane composite material, which is made of raw materials including the following parts by weight:
  • the base polymer is a polyether polyol and / or a polymer polyol.
  • the polyurethane composite material provided by the present invention uses a matrix polymer as a matrix.
  • the weight portion of the matrix polymer is 100 parts, and the matrix polymer is a polyether polyol and / or a polymer polyol.
  • the matrix polymer is a mixture of a polyether polyol and a polymer polyol, there is no particular limitation on the blending ratio of the two, and any blending ratio can be used.
  • the polyurethane composite material provided by the present invention includes 1 to 20 parts of coffee powder, preferably 5 to 15 parts, and more preferably 8 to 12 parts.
  • the particle size of the coffee powder is preferably 50 to 200 mesh, and more preferably 80 to 150 mesh.
  • the source of the coffee powder is not particularly limited, and coffee powder of a source well known to those skilled in the art may be selected, and specific examples are commercially available coffee powder.
  • the invention utilizes the characteristics of moisture absorption and deodorization of coffee powder, and uses it for polyurethane composite materials, which can reduce the chemical odor of the polyurethane composite material itself, and at the same time impart the adsorption performance to the polyurethane composite material.
  • the polyurethane composite material provided by the present invention includes 24 to 50 parts of isocyanate, preferably 30 to 45 parts, and more preferably 35 to 40 parts.
  • the isocyanate is preferably toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and / or modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI); the modified MDI is preferably Wanhua modified MDI 8223.
  • TDI toluene diisocyanate
  • MDI modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate
  • the modified MDI is preferably Wanhua modified MDI 8223.
  • the weight ratio of the TDI and modified MDI is 0.2 to 0.5.
  • the present invention utilizes the -NCO group of an isocyanate to react with the -OH group of a polyether to form a polyurethane foam.
  • the polyurethane composite material provided by the present invention includes 0.2 to 0.6 parts of the catalyst, preferably 0.3 to 0.5 parts.
  • the catalyst is preferably one or more of triethylenediamine, bis- (dimethylaminoethyl) ether or stannous octoate.
  • the polyurethane composite material provided by the present invention includes 0.6 to 1.5 parts of a surfactant, preferably 0.8 to 1.2 parts, and more preferably 0.9 to 1.1 parts.
  • the surfactant is preferably a polyether polysiloxane copolymer.
  • the present invention uses a surfactant to emulsify foam material, stabilize the foam, and adjust the cells.
  • the polyurethane composite material provided by the present invention includes 0 to 20 parts of a foaming agent.
  • the foaming agent is preferably water or dichloromethane; when the foaming agent is water, the foaming agent is preferably 1.5 to 5.0 parts, more preferably 2 to 4 parts; When the foaming agent is dichloromethane, the foaming agent is preferably 5 to 15 parts, and more preferably 8 to 12 parts.
  • the invention uses water or dichloromethane as a foaming agent to adjust the density of the polyurethane material and the soft hardness of the material.
  • the polyurethane composite material provided by the present invention includes 0.5 to 3 parts of the crosslinking agent, preferably 1 to 2 parts.
  • the cross-linking agent is preferably diethanolamine, triethanolamine, dipropylene glycol, butylene glycol, or diethylene glycol.
  • the use of diethanolamine, triethanolamine, dipropylene glycol, butanediol or diethylene glycol as a crosslinking agent can make the polyurethane material more stable and improve its hardness and tensile strength.
  • the source of the above-mentioned raw material is not particularly limited, and the above-mentioned raw material of which the source is well known to those skilled in the art may be selected, and specifically, the above-mentioned raw material is commercially available.
  • the invention provides a method for preparing a polyurethane composite material according to the above technical solution, including the following steps:
  • the white material is mixed with an isocyanate, and a foaming reaction is performed to obtain a polyurethane composite material.
  • coffee powder is mixed with a matrix polymer to obtain a premix.
  • the invention does not specifically limit the mixing, as long as the coffee powder and the matrix polymer can be sufficiently contacted and mixed uniformly by using a technical solution well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the present invention mixes a catalyst, a surfactant, a foaming agent, and a crosslinking agent with the premix to obtain a white material.
  • the mixing is preferably performed under stirring conditions; the rotation speed of the stirring is preferably 500 to 2,000 rpm, and more preferably 800 to 1500 rpm.
  • the temperature of the white material is preferably 18 to 25 ° C; controlling the temperature of the white material in the present invention allows the reaction to proceed at an optimal temperature.
  • the present invention mixes the white material with an isocyanate and performs a foaming reaction to obtain a polyurethane composite material.
  • the mixing is preferably performed under stirring conditions; the rotation speed of the stirring is preferably 3000 to 5000 rpm.
  • the temperature of the isocyanate is preferably 18 to 25 ° C.
  • the reaction can be performed at an optimal temperature by controlling the temperature of the isocyanate.
  • the temperature of the foaming reaction is preferably 21 ° C, and the time is preferably 150s. After the foaming reaction is completed, the reaction product is preferably aged for 24 hours.
  • the pressure of the foaming reaction is preferably 0.1 to 0.2 MPa. In the present invention, the foaming reaction is preferably performed in a foaming machine.
  • the obtained foaming reaction material is aged and cut to obtain a polyurethane composite material.
  • the methods of curing and cutting there are no particular limitations on the methods of curing and cutting, and the methods well known to those skilled in the art can be used for curing and cutting.
  • the production process flow of the polyurethane composite material is shown in FIG. 1.
  • the present invention mixes raw materials at a mixing speed of 500-2000 rpm to obtain a white material mixture; and then in a foaming machine, The isocyanate and white material are mixed at a mixing speed of 3000 to 5000 rpm to perform a foaming reaction; finally, the foaming reaction material is aged and cut to obtain a polyurethane composite material.
  • polyurethane composite materials provided by the present invention and the preparation method thereof are described in detail below with reference to the examples, but they cannot be understood as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.
  • a mixture of 100 parts of a polyether polyol and 0.3 parts of triethylenediamine and bis- (dimethylaminoethyl) ether (mass ratio of triethylenediamine to bis- (dimethylaminoethyl) ether is 3: 1), 1.0 parts of surfactant, 2.0 parts of water and 1.5 parts of triethanolamine were pre-mixed, and the stirring speed during mixing was 1000 r / s to obtain a white material; the temperature of the white material was controlled to 20 ° C, and the white material and the temperature were 20 ° C
  • the MDI was mixed with a stirring speed of 4000 r / s, a foaming reaction at a foaming pressure of 0.1 MPa and a temperature of 21 ° C. for 150 s, and a curing time of 24 h to obtain a polyurethane composite material.
  • the polyurethane composite material prepared by the present invention not only meets the requirements of the mechanical properties of the polyurethane material, but also has excellent adsorption effect.
  • the present invention provides a polyurethane composite material.
  • Coffee powder is used for the polyurethane material.
  • the moisture absorption and deodorization characteristics of coffee grounds can reduce the chemical odor of the polyurethane product itself, so that the polyurethane material has the aroma of coffee.
  • the polyurethane material prepared by the invention has a strong adsorption function, which can remove external odors, can make the space in which the polyurethane products are used more fresh, and has the effect of purifying the environment.

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种聚氨酯复合材料，本发明将咖啡粉用于聚氨酯材料，得到的聚氨酯复合材料不仅符合聚氨酯材料的力学性能要求，而且具有优异的吸附效果。同时利用咖啡渣的吸湿除臭特性，能够减少聚氨酯产品本身的化学气味，使聚氨酯材料具有咖啡的芳香味；本发明制备的聚氨酯材料具有强烈的吸附功能，可以除去外来的气味，可以使得使用聚氨酯产品的空间更清新，起到净化环境的效果。

Description

一种聚氨酯复合材料及其制备方法
本申请要求于2018年06月07日提交中国专利局、申请号为CN201810579715.5、发明名称为“一种聚氨酯复合材料及其制备方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及泡沫材料技术领域，尤其涉及一种聚氨酯复合材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
现有的聚氨酯材料或多或少都具有一定不友好的气味，会对环境造成直接影响；而使用这种聚氨酯材料生产的家居产品，比如枕头和床垫，由于气味的存在会直接影响人的睡眠和生活质量。
目前常用的聚氨酯材料除味方法包括在聚氨酯材料中添加硅藻土、活性碳或二氧化硅，虽然这些物质能够在一定程度上去除聚氨酯材料中的气味，但在生产添加有这些物质的聚氨酯材料时，这些物质对聚氨酯材料的机械磨损大，会导致聚氨酯材料的压缩永久变形性能变差，而且制备得到的聚氨酯材料不具有芳香气味。
此外，由于空气污染，室内外的空气可能会夹杂有一些异味，会直接影响人们的居住环境。
因此，开发一种能够除去聚氨酯本身释放的气味以及周围环境中异味的聚氨酯复合材料，具有重要的意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种聚氨酯复合材料，从而去除聚氨酯本身释放的气味以及周围环境中的异味，增强其吸附功能。
为了实现上述发明目的，本发明提供以下技术方案：
本发明提供了一种聚氨酯复合材料，由包括以下重量份的原料制成：
基体聚合物100份、咖啡粉1～20份、异氰酸酯24～50份、催化剂0.2～0.6份、表面活性剂0.6～1.5份、发泡剂0～20份、交联剂0.5～3份；其中，所述基体聚合物为聚醚多元醇和/或聚合物多元醇。
优选的，所述异氰酸酯为甲苯二异氰酸酯和/或改性二苯基甲烷二异 氰酸酯。
优选的，所述异氰酸酯为甲苯二异氰酸酯和改性二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯时，所述甲苯二异氰酸酯和改性二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯的质量比为0.2～0.5:1。
优选的，所述催化剂为三乙烯二胺、双-(二甲氨基乙基)醚或辛酸亚锡中的一种或多种。
优选的，所述咖啡粉的粒径为50～200目。
优选的，所述表面活性剂为聚醚聚硅氧烷共聚物。
优选的，所述发泡剂为水或二氯甲烷。
优选的，所述交联剂为二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺或小分子二元醇，所述小分子二元醇为一缩二丙二醇、丁二醇或一缩二乙二醇。
本发明提供了上述技术方案所述聚氨酯复合材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将咖啡粉与基体聚合物混合，得到预混料；
(2)将催化剂、表面活性剂、发泡剂和交联剂与所述预混料混合，得到白料；
(3)将所述白料与异氰酸酯混合，进行发泡反应，得到聚氨酯复合材料。
优选的，所述步骤(2)中的混合在搅拌条件下进行；所述搅拌的转速为500～2000rpm。
优选的，所述步骤(2)中白料的温度为18～25℃；所述步骤(3)中异氰酸酯的温度为18～25℃。
优选的，所述步骤(3)中的混合在搅拌条件下进行；所述搅拌的转速为3000～5000rpm。
优选的，所述发泡反应的温度为21℃，时间为150s。
优选的，所述发泡反应的压力为0.1～0.2MPa。
本发明提供了一种聚氨酯复合材料，本发明将咖啡粉用于聚氨酯材料中，利用咖啡粉的吸湿除臭特性，能够减少聚氨酯材料本身的化学气味，使聚氨酯材料具有咖啡的芳香味，产生让人怡乐的心情，减少烦燥情绪。
本发明利用咖啡粉较大的比表面积，使得聚氨酯材料具有强烈的吸附 功能，可以除去周围环境中的气味，使得使用本发明提供的聚氨酯复合材料的空间更清新，起到净化环境的效果。同时使用本发明提供的聚氨酯复合材料生产的枕头和床垫，能使人更加容易睡眠，从而提高人们的生活质量。
根据实施例可知，本发明的聚氨酯复合材料芯密度可达68.71kg/m3、压陷硬度60.92N、压缩恢复率97.32％，氨气减少率91％、醋酸减少率98％、异戊酸减少率99％、2-壬烯酸减少率98％。由此可知，本发明的聚氨酯复合材料不仅力学性能均能够满足标准要求，而且具有优异的吸附性能。
说明书附图
图1为本发明聚氨酯材料的生产工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例和附图对本发明进一步说明。
本发明提供了一种聚氨酯复合材料，由包括以下重量份的原料制成：
基体聚合物100份、咖啡粉1～20份、异氰酸酯24～50份、催化剂0.2～0.6份、表面活性剂0.6～1.5份、发泡剂0～20份、交联剂0.5～3份；其中，所述基体聚合物为聚醚多元醇和/或聚合物多元醇。
本发明提供的聚氨酯复合材料以基体聚合物为基体，在本发明中，所述基体聚合物的重量份数为100份，所述基体聚合物为聚醚多元醇和/或聚合物多元醇。在本发明中，当所述基体聚合物为聚醚多元醇和聚合物多元醇的混合物时，对二者的配比没有特殊的限制，采用任意配比均可。
以基体聚合物100重量份为基准，本发明提供的聚氨酯复合材料包括咖啡粉1～20份，优选为5～15份，更优选为8～12份。在本发明中，所述咖啡粉的粒径优选为50～200目，更优选为80～150目。本发明对于咖啡粉的来源没有特殊的限制，选用本领域技术人员熟知来源的咖啡粉即可，具体的如市售的咖啡粉。本发明利用咖啡粉吸湿除臭的特性，将其用于聚氨酯复合材料，能够减少聚氨酯复合材料本身的化学气味，同时赋予聚氨酯复合材料吸附性能。
以基体聚合物100重量份为基准，本发明提供的聚氨酯复合材料包括异氰酸酯24～50份，优选为30～45份，更优选为35～40份。在本发明中，所述异氰酸酯优选为甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)和/或改性二苯基甲烷二异氰 酸酯(MDI)；所述改性MDI优选为万华改性MDI 8223。在本发明中，当所述异氰酸酯为TDI和改性MDI的混合物时，所述TDI和改性MDI的重量比为0.2～0.5。本发明利用异氰酸酯的-NCO基团与聚醚的-OH基团反应生成聚氨酯泡沫。
以基体聚合物100重量份为基准，本发明提供的聚氨酯复合材料包括催化剂0.2～0.6份，优选为0.3～0.5份。在本发明中，所述催化剂优选为三乙烯二胺、双-(二甲氨基乙基)醚或辛酸亚锡中的一种或多种。
以基体聚合物100重量份为基准，本发明提供的聚氨酯复合材料包括表面活性剂0.6～1.5份，优选为0.8～1.2份，更优选为0.9～1.1份。在本发明中，所述表面活性剂优选为聚醚聚硅氧烷共聚物。本发明利用表面活性剂乳化泡沫物料、稳定泡沫和调节泡孔。
以基体聚合物100重量份为基准，本发明提供的聚氨酯复合材料包括发泡剂0～20份。在本发明中，所述发泡剂优选为水或二氯甲烷；当所述发泡剂为水时，所述发泡剂优选为1.5～5.0份，更优选为2～4份；当所述发泡剂为二氯甲烷时，所述发泡剂优选为5～15份，更优选为8～12份。本发明使用水或二氯甲烷作为发泡剂能够调节聚氨酯材料密度的大小及材料的软硬度。
以基体聚合物100重量份为基准，本发明提供的聚氨酯复合材料包括交联剂0.5～3份，优选为1～2份。在本发明中，所述交联剂优选为二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、一缩二丙二醇、丁二醇或一缩二乙二醇。本发明使用二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、一缩二丙二醇、丁二醇或一缩二乙二醇作为交联剂能够使聚氨酯材料更加稳定，并提高其硬度和拉伸强度。
本发明对上述原料的来源没有特殊的限定，选用本领域技术人员熟知来源的上述原料即可，具体的如市售的上述原料。
本发明提供了上述技术方案所述聚氨酯复合材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将咖啡粉与基体聚合物混合，得到预混料；
(2)将催化剂、表面活性剂、发泡剂和交联剂与所述预混料混合，得到白料；
(3)将所述白料与异氰酸酯混合，进行发泡反应，得到聚氨酯复合 材料。
本发明将咖啡粉与基体聚合物混合，得到预混料。本发明对于所述混合没有特殊的限定，采用本领域技术人员熟知的技术方案、能够将咖啡粉与基体聚合物充分接触并混合均匀即可。
得到预混料后，本发明将催化剂、表面活性剂、发泡剂和交联剂与所述预混料混合，得到白料。在本发明中，所述混合优选在搅拌条件下进行；所述搅拌的转速优选为500～2000rpm，更优选为800～1500rpm。在本发明中，所述白料的温度优选为18～25℃；本发明控制白料的温度可以使反应在最佳温度进行。
得到白料后，本发明将所述白料与异氰酸酯混合，进行发泡反应，得到聚氨酯复合材料。在本发明中，所述混合优选在搅拌条件下进行；所述搅拌的转速优选为3000～5000rpm。在本发明中，所述异氰酸酯的温度优选为18～25℃，本发明通过控制异氰酸酯的温度可以使反应在最佳温度进行。
在本发明中，所述发泡反应的温度优选为21℃，时间优选为150s。完成发泡反应后，本发明优选将反应产物进行熟化24h。在本发明中，所述发泡反应的压力优选为0.1～0.2MPa。在本发明中，所述发泡反应优选在发泡机中进行。
完成所述发泡反应后，本发明将得到的发泡反应物料进行熟化和切割后，得到聚氨酯复合材料。本发明对所述熟化和切割的方式没有特殊的限定，选用本领域技术人员熟知的方式进行熟化和切割即可。
在本发明中，所述聚氨酯复合材料的生产工艺流程如图1所示，由图可知，本发明在混合速度为500～2000rpm条件下将原料混合，得到白料混合物；然后在发泡机中以3000～5000rpm的混合速度将异氰酸酯和白料混合，进行发泡反应；最后将发泡反应物料进行熟化和切割，得到聚氨酯复合材料。
下面结合实施例对本发明提供的聚氨酯复合材料及其制备方法进行详细的描述，但不能将它们理解为对本发明保护范围的限定。
实施例1
将5份粒径为80目的咖啡粉与100份聚醚多元醇混合45min，得到 预混料；将0.3份三乙烯二胺及双-(二甲氨基乙基)醚混合物(三乙烯二胺与双-(二甲氨基乙基)醚的质量比为3：1)、1.0份聚醚聚硅氧烷共聚物(BL-818)、2.0份水和1.5份三乙醇胺与所述预混料混合，混合时搅拌的转速为1000r/s，得到白料；控制白料的温度为20℃，将所述白料与温度为20℃的MDI混合，混合时搅拌的转速为4000r/s，在发泡压力为0.1MPa，温度为21℃条件下进行发泡反应150s，熟化24h，得到聚氨酯复合材料。
实施例2
将10份粒径为80目的咖啡粉与100份聚醚多元醇混合45min，得到预混料；将0.3份三乙烯二胺及双-(二甲氨基乙基)醚混合物(三乙烯二胺与双-(二甲氨基乙基)醚的质量比为3：1)、1.0份聚醚聚硅氧烷共聚物(BL-818)、2.0份水和1.5份三乙醇胺与所述预混料混合，混合时搅拌的转速为1000r/s，得到白料；控制白料的温度为20℃，将所述白料与温度为20℃的MDI混合，混合时搅拌的转速为4000r/s，在发泡压力为0.1MPa，温度为21℃条件下进行发泡反应150s，熟化24h，得到聚氨酯复合材料。
实施例3
将20份粒径为80目的咖啡粉与100份聚醚多元醇混合45min，得到预混料；将0.3份三乙烯二胺及双-(二甲氨基乙基)醚混合物(三乙烯二胺与双-(二甲氨基乙基)醚的质量比为3：1)、1.0份聚醚聚硅氧烷共聚物(BL-818)、2.0份水和1.5份三乙醇胺与所述预混料混合，混合时搅拌的转速为1000r/s，得到白料；控制白料的温度为20℃，将所述白料与温度为20℃的MDI混合，混合时搅拌的转速为4000r/s，在发泡压力为0.1MPa，温度为21℃条件下进行发泡反应150s，熟化24h，得到聚氨酯复合材料。
对比例1
将100份聚醚多元醇与0.3份三乙烯二胺及双-(二甲氨基乙基)醚混合物(三乙烯二胺与双-(二甲氨基乙基)醚质量比为3：1)、1.0份表面活性剂、2.0份水和1.5份三乙醇胺预混合，混合时搅拌的转速为1000r/s，得到白料；控制白料的温度为20℃，将所述白料与温度为20℃的MDI混合，混合时搅拌的转速为4000r/s，在发泡压力为0.1MPa，温 度为21℃条件下进行发泡反应150s，熟化时间24h，得到聚氨酯复合材料。
按照《泡沫塑料和橡胶表观(体积)密度的测定》(GB/T 6343-1995)、《软质泡沫聚合材料硬度的测定(压陷法)》(GB/T 10807-2006)、《软质泡沫聚合材料压缩永久变形的测定》(GB/T 6669-2008)和《SEK织维制品认证基准》，对实施例1-3制备得到的聚氨酯复合材料进行密度、硬度、压缩永久形变和消臭性的测试，性能测试结果如表1所示：
表1 实施例1-3及对比例1制备得到的聚氨酯复合材料的性能测试结果
Figure PCTCN2019077926-appb-000001
由表1可知，本发明制备得到的聚氨酯复合材料不仅符合聚氨酯材料的力学性能要求，而且具有优异的吸附效果。
由以上实施例可知，本发明提供了一种聚氨酯复合材料，将咖啡粉用于聚氨酯材料，利用咖啡渣的吸湿除臭特性，能够减少聚氨酯产品本身的化学气味，使聚氨酯材料具有咖啡的芳香味；本发明制备的聚氨酯材料具有强烈的吸附功能，可以除去外来的气味，可以使得使用聚氨酯产品的空间更清新，起到净化环境的效果。
以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以对本发明进行若干改进和修饰，这些改进和修饰也落入本发 明权利要求的保护范围内。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种聚氨酯复合材料，由包括以下重量份的原料制成：
    基体聚合物100份、咖啡粉1～20份、异氰酸酯24～50份、催化剂0.2～0.6份、表面活性剂0.6～1.5份、发泡剂0～20份、交联剂0.5～3份；其中，所述基体聚合物为聚醚多元醇和/或聚合物多元醇。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的聚氨酯复合材料，其特征在于，所述异氰酸酯为甲苯二异氰酸酯和/或改性二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的聚氨酯复合材料，其特征在于，所述异氰酸酯为甲苯二异氰酸酯和改性二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯时，所述甲苯二异氰酸酯和改性二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯的质量比为0.2～0.5:1。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的聚氨酯复合材料，其特征在于，所述催化剂为三乙烯二胺、双-(二甲氨基乙基)醚或辛酸亚锡中的一种或多种。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的聚氨酯复合材料，其特征在于，所述咖啡粉的粒径为50～200目。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的聚氨酯复合材料，其特征在于，所述表面活性剂为聚醚聚硅氧烷共聚物。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的聚氨酯复合材料，其特征在于，所述发泡剂为水或二氯甲烷。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的聚氨酯复合材料，其特征在于，所述交联剂为二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、一缩二丙二醇、丁二醇或一缩二乙二醇。
  9. 权利要求1～8任一项所述聚氨酯复合材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
    (1)将咖啡粉与基体聚合物混合，得到预混料；
    (2)将催化剂、表面活性剂、发泡剂和交联剂与所述预混料混合，得到白料；
    (3)将所述白料与异氰酸酯混合，进行发泡反应，得到聚氨酯复合材料。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(2)中的混合在搅拌条件下进行；所述搅拌的转速为500～2000rpm。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(2)中白料的温度为18～25℃；所述步骤(3)中异氰酸酯的温度为18～25℃。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(3)中的混合在搅拌条件下进行；所述搅拌的转速为3000～5000rpm。
  13. 根据权利要求9所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述发泡反应的温度为21℃，时间为150s。
  14. 根据权利要求9或13所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述发泡反应的压力为0.1～0.2MPa。
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