CN105949428A - 含天然植物成分的聚氨酯复合材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

含天然植物成分的聚氨酯复合材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105949428A
CN105949428A CN201610564736.0A CN201610564736A CN105949428A CN 105949428 A CN105949428 A CN 105949428A CN 201610564736 A CN201610564736 A CN 201610564736A CN 105949428 A CN105949428 A CN 105949428A
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林凯旋
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Coolist Life Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种含天然植物(咖啡豆、茶叶)成分的聚氨酯复合材料及其制备方法，按重量比包含：A组料：植物油基聚醚多元醇30～40份、特种聚醚多元醇7～50份、催化剂0～0.5份、交联剂0～2份、端氨基聚醚5～6份、发泡剂1.5～3份；天然植物10～20份；B组料：异氰酸酯20～50份。由此所得的聚氨酯产品可降解，可以减少空气污染，而且产品由于添加天然植物，可以散发天然气味达到除臭的效果，又可以借助植物纤维本身的良好空间阻隔结构强化我司产品的恒温性能，采用废弃植物残渣回收利用，为地球节省更多能量，此外，本技术方案的产品具有较好的舒适性。

Description

含天然植物成分的聚氨酯复合材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于高分子化学领域，尤其涉及一种含天然植物成分的聚氨酯复合材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
聚氨酯是一种常见的高分子材料，广泛应用于日常生活中，但是，传统的聚氨酯产品在温度平衡方面性能较差，通常在夏天和冬天表现出两种极端状态，太软或者太硬，严重影响舒适性。其中，聚氨酯的热传导性是聚氨酯枕头、床垫等用品急需要解决的一个问题，现有技术生产的产品通常较为闷热，长时间使用会让使用者身体感觉越来越热。另一个方面，传统聚氨酯产品由于化学合成的关系，部分人群嗅觉主观觉得产品带有一种化学味道，影响体验，同时很多产商在选用材料时注重于成本而不是品质，导致聚氨酯类产品普遍存在气味问题。此外，传统聚氨酯产品无法自然降解，在使用年限到期时只能通过燃烧方法废弃，如此一来便会带来空气污染。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题的一个或多个，本发明提供了一种含有天然植物成分的有机聚氨酯。
根据本发明的一个方面，提供一种含天然植物成分的聚氨酯复合材料，按重量比包含：
A组料：
B组料：异氰酸酯 30～40份。
在一些实施方式中，植物油基聚醚多元醇为蓖麻油多元醇，官能度为2.5，羟值为120～140KOH/g。如可以是通过本领域技术人员已知的任何技术制备，也可以通过市售的方式来获得，如可以是日本三井的EBT 320i。
在一些实施方式中，特种多元醇为的分子量4000～6000，官能度为3，羟值为34～42KOH/g。如可以是通过本领域技术人员已知的任何技术制备，也可以通过市售的方式来获得，如可以是宁武句容公司的NJ-2442。
在一些实施方式中，催化剂为胺类催化剂。如可以是通过本领域技术人员已知的任何技术制备，也可以通过市售的方式来获得，如可以是美国迈图公司Niax A-33的胺类催化剂。
在一些实施方式中，交联剂为2～3官能度的短链多羟基化合物。如可以是通过本领域技术人员已知的任何技术制备，也可以通过市售的方式来获得。
在一些实施方式中，短链多羟基化合物为乙二醇或二乙醇胺。如可以是通过本领域技术人员已知的任何技术制备，也可以通过市售的方式来获得。
在一些实施方式中，天然植物成分为可食用的天然植物成分,将其烘干碾碎成粉末状，粒径大小约为10nm。
在一些实施方式中，端氨基聚醚为聚醚二胺或聚醚三胺。如可以是通过本领域技术人员已知的任何技术制备，也可以通过市售的方式来获得，如可以是美国Huntsman公司的T-403的聚醚胺。
在一些实施方式中，发泡剂为水和一氟二氯乙烷的一种或两种混合物。
在一些实施方式中，异氰酸酯为二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯。
本发明的另一个方面还提供一种前述含天然植物成分的聚氨酯复合材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
按照前述的聚氨酯复合材料组分及用量，分别称取植物油基聚醚多元醇、特种聚醚多元醇、天然植物成分、催化剂、交联剂、端氨基聚醚和发泡剂搅拌混合得A组料，然后将A组料和B组料搅拌混合，在40～60℃的温度环境下反应成型。
本发明的有益效果：本发明技术方案通过用天然植物油基聚醚多元醇为主要原料，由此所得的聚氨酯产品可降解，可以减少空气污染，而且产品由于额外添加天然植物，既可以达到除臭效果，又可以借助天然植物成分本身的植物纤维良好空间阻隔结构强化产品的恒温性能，从而使得产品在具有较好性能的前提下减少甚至是不具有刺激性气味反而有植物清香。此外，本技术方案的产品具有较好的舒适性。同时本产品结构更稳定，开孔率更高，更透气。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例的方式进一步说明本发明，但并不因此将本发明限制在所述的实施例范围之中。下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法，按照常规方法和条件，或按照商品说明书选择。而且下述实施例中的各个组分选用不限于此，也可以选用前面发明内容提到其他类型的原料进行组合。
实施例1
分别称取30重量份的蓖麻油基聚醚多元醇、50重量份的特种聚醚多元醇、10重量份咖啡豆渣粉末、1重量份催化剂、2重量份交联剂、5重量份端氨基聚醚和1.5重量份发泡剂搅拌混合得A组料，然后将A组料和B组料的40重量份异氰酸酯搅拌混合，在60℃的温度环境下反应成型。
其中，蓖麻油基聚醚多元醇选用如日本三井的EBT 320i；特种聚醚多元醇选用宁武句容公司的NJ-2442；端氨基聚醚选用美国Huntsman公司的T-403的聚醚胺；发泡剂为水和一氟二氯乙烷的混合物；催化剂选用美国迈图公司Niax A-33的胺类催化剂；异氰酸酯为二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)；交联剂为乙二醇。
实施例2
分别称取40重量份的蓖麻油基聚醚多元醇、30重量份的特种聚醚多元醇、20重量份绿茶渣粉末、1.5重量份催化剂、2重量份交联剂、6重量份端氨基聚醚和2.5重量份发泡剂搅拌混合得A组料，然后将A组料和B组料的35重量份异氰酸酯搅拌混合，在40℃的温度环境下反应成型。
其中，蓖麻油基聚醚多元醇选用如日本三井的EBT 320i；特种聚醚多元醇选用宁武句容公司的NJ-2442；端氨基聚醚选用美国Huntsman公司的T-403的聚醚胺；发泡剂为一氟二氯乙烷；催化剂选用美国迈图公司Niax A-33或D-2000的胺类催化剂；异氰酸酯为二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)；交联剂为二乙醇胺。
实施例3
分别称取35重量份的蓖麻油基聚醚多元醇、50重量份的特种聚醚多元醇、20重量份咖啡豆渣粉末、2重量份催化剂、0重量份交联剂、5重量份端氨基聚醚和1.5重量份发泡剂搅拌混合得A组料，然后将A组料和B组料的30重量份异氰酸酯搅拌混合，在60℃的温度环境下反应成型。
其中，蓖麻油基聚醚多元醇选用如日本三井的EBT 320i；特种聚醚多元醇选用宁武句容公司的NJ-2442；端氨基聚醚选用美国Huntsman公司的T-403的聚醚胺；发泡剂为水和一氟二氯乙烷的两种混合物；催化剂选用美国迈图公司Niax A-33的胺类催化剂；异氰酸酯为二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)；交联剂为二乙醇胺。
实施例4
分别称取30重量份的蓖麻油基聚醚多元醇、20重量份的特种聚醚多元醇、18重量份迷迭香、2重量份催化剂、1重量份交联剂、5重量份端氨基聚醚和2重量份发泡剂搅拌混合得A组料，然后将A组料和B组料的30重量份异氰酸酯搅拌混合，在60℃的温度环境下反应成型。
其中，蓖麻油基聚醚多元醇选用如日本三井的EBT 320i；特种聚醚多元醇选用宁武句容公司的NJ-2442；端氨基聚醚选用美国Huntsman公司的T-403的聚醚胺；发泡剂为水和一氟二氯乙烷的两种混合物；催化剂选用美国迈图公司Niax A-33的胺类催化剂；异氰酸酯为二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)；交联剂为二乙醇胺。
以上实施例1至实施例4中的咖啡豆渣粉末、绿茶渣粉末以及迷迭香叶粉末的粒径大小为10nm。这种粒径的粉末可以使产品结构更稳定，开孔率更高，更透气。
实施例5自然降解对比试验
将实施例1至实施例4所得的聚氨酯以及现有的普通聚氨酯制成薄片，将这些薄片都埋入污泥中，深度为20cm，环境温度为28℃，6个月后取出测试重量损失并观察薄片外观以薄片失重率(％)表示降解程度，结果见下表1。
以上所述的仅是本发明的一些实施方式，应当指出，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明的创造构思的前提下，还可以做出其它变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.含天然植物成分的聚氨酯复合材料，其特征在于，按重量比包含：
A组料：
B组料：异氰酸酯 30～40份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的含天然植物成分的聚氨酯复合材料，其特征在于，所述植物油基聚醚多元醇为蓖麻油多元醇，官能度为2.5，羟值为120～140mgKOH/g。
3.根据权利要求1所述的含天然植物成分的聚氨酯复合材料，其特征在于，所述特种聚醚多元醇的分子量为4000～6000，官能度为3，羟值为34～42。
4.根据权利要求1所述的含天然植物成分的聚氨酯复合材料，其特征在于，所述催化剂为胺类催化剂，所述胺类催化剂为双(2-甲胺基乙基)醚、五甲基二亚乙基三胺、N，Nˊ-二甲基环己胺、三亚乙基二胺和延迟性催化剂中的一种或几种的复合催化剂。
5.根据权利要求1所述的含天然植物成分的聚氨酯复合材料，其特征在于，所述交联剂为2～3官能度的短链多羟基化合物，所述短链多羟基化合物为乙二醇或二乙醇胺。
6.根据权利要求1所述的含天然植物成分的聚氨酯复合材料，其特征在于，所述天然植物成分为可食用的天然植物成分，将其烘干碾碎成粉末状，粒径大小约为10nm。
7.根据权利要求1所述的含天然植物成分的聚氨酯复合材料，其特征在于，所述端氨基聚醚为聚醚二胺或聚醚三胺。
8.根据权利要求1所述的含天然植物成分的聚氨酯复合材料，其特征在于，所述发泡剂为水和一氟二氯乙烷的一种或两种混合物。
9.根据权利要求1所述的含天然植物成分的聚氨酯复合材料，其特征在于，所述异氰酸酯为二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯。
10.一种权利要求1～9所述含天然植物成分的聚氨酯复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
按照权利要求1～9所述的聚氨酯复合材料组分及用量，分别称取植物油基聚醚多元醇、特种聚醚多元醇、天然植物成分、催化剂、交联剂、端氨基聚醚和发泡剂搅拌混合得A组料，然后将A组料和B组料搅拌混合，在40～60℃的温度环境下反应成型。
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