WO2019207671A1 - 気液接触装置 - Google Patents
気液接触装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019207671A1 WO2019207671A1 PCT/JP2018/016750 JP2018016750W WO2019207671A1 WO 2019207671 A1 WO2019207671 A1 WO 2019207671A1 JP 2018016750 W JP2018016750 W JP 2018016750W WO 2019207671 A1 WO2019207671 A1 WO 2019207671A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/18—Absorbing units; Liquid distributors therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/21—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media
- B01F23/214—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media using a gas-liquid mixing column or tower
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/50—Mixing receptacles
- B01F35/53—Mixing receptacles characterised by the configuration of the interior, e.g. baffles for facilitating the mixing of components
- B01F35/531—Mixing receptacles characterised by the configuration of the interior, e.g. baffles for facilitating the mixing of components with baffles, plates or bars on the wall or the bottom
- B01F35/5312—Mixing receptacles characterised by the configuration of the interior, e.g. baffles for facilitating the mixing of components with baffles, plates or bars on the wall or the bottom with vertical baffles mounted on the walls
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
- B01F35/717—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer
- B01F35/7176—Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using pumps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J10/00—Chemical processes in general for reacting liquid with gaseous media other than in the presence of solid particles, or apparatus specially adapted therefor
- B01J10/02—Chemical processes in general for reacting liquid with gaseous media other than in the presence of solid particles, or apparatus specially adapted therefor of the thin-film type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F25/00—Component parts of trickle coolers
- F28F25/02—Component parts of trickle coolers for distributing, circulating, and accumulating liquid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2252/00—Absorbents, i.e. solvents and liquid materials for gas absorption
- B01D2252/20—Organic absorbents
- B01D2252/204—Amines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
- B01D2257/302—Sulfur oxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/40—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D2257/404—Nitrogen oxides other than dinitrogen oxide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/01—Engine exhaust gases
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
- B01D47/14—Packed scrubbers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1456—Removing acid components
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1456—Removing acid components
- B01D53/1475—Removing carbon dioxide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F2025/91—Direction of flow or arrangement of feed and discharge openings
- B01F2025/918—Counter current flow, i.e. flows moving in opposite direction and colliding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F2025/93—Arrangements, nature or configuration of flow guiding elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F2101/00—Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
- B01F2101/2204—Mixing chemical components in generals in order to improve chemical treatment or reactions, independently from the specific application
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/232—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles
- B01F23/2321—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles by moving liquid and gas in counter current
- B01F23/23211—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles by moving liquid and gas in counter current the liquid flowing in a thin film to absorb the gas
- B01F23/232112—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles by moving liquid and gas in counter current the liquid flowing in a thin film to absorb the gas the liquid film or layer flowing over a vertical surface, e.g. a mesh
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a gas-liquid contact device that can be used as a gas purification device, a gas separation device, a cooling device, or the like that separates, removes or recovers a specific gas component, and promotes mass transfer or energy transfer by gas-liquid contact. .
- gas separation devices that separate, remove, or recover specific gases from gas to liquid contact using gas-liquid contact are used in chemical plants and thermal power plants. Yes.
- a carbon dioxide recovery device carbon dioxide is absorbed and separated by bringing a gas containing carbon dioxide into contact with an absorbent such as a monoethanolamine aqueous solution. Carbon dioxide is released into the gas phase and recovered by bringing the absorbed liquid after absorption into gas-liquid contact while heating.
- gas purification devices for removing harmful gas components from exhaust gas and gas separation devices for separating specific gas components from mixed gas absorption of specific gas components by the absorbing liquid using gas-liquid contact Is done.
- gas-liquid contact is also used in a cooling device that cools a high-temperature liquid or gas.
- an apparatus for performing gas-liquid contact has a filler for increasing the contact area between the liquid and the gas, and the liquid and gas are brought into gas-liquid contact on the surface of the filler so that a specific gas in the gas is obtained. Absorb ingredients and heat into liquid.
- Various types of fillers useful for increasing the gas-liquid contact area have been proposed.
- Patent Document 1 describes a gas separation device using an expanded metal plate as a filler.
- Patent Document 2 describes a gas-liquid contact device using a gas-liquid contact plate whose surface shape is devised so as to increase the area in which the liquid wets and spreads on the filler. ing.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2013-226476 (the following Patent Document 3) describes a carbon dioxide recovery device having an absorption tower and a regeneration tower in which a gas-liquid contact phase is configured in multiple stages. Each has a plurality of gas-liquid contact phases arranged in the vertical direction. Such a multi-stage structure in the vertical direction increases the contact area between the gas and liquid and enhances the contact efficiency.
- the use of a flat plate can reduce the manufacturing cost of the filler.
- a large number of vertical flat plates are juxtaposed to supply liquid from above and supply gas to the gap between the flat plates to bring the liquid flowing down the flat plate into contact with the gas passing through the gap.
- there is little pressure loss due to gas flow resistance, and energy consumption during operation can be kept low.
- the present disclosure has been proposed in view of the above-described problems, and is capable of achieving good and efficient gas-liquid contact by eliminating poor wetting while suppressing pressure loss in gas-liquid contact. It is an object to provide an apparatus.
- the present inventors examined the structural design of the gas-liquid contact device, and can configure the gas-liquid contact phase in multiple stages while avoiding the problem of durability against gravity load. It has been found that good gas-liquid contact can be realized.
- a gas-liquid contact device has a plurality of stages assigned to be arranged in a lateral direction, and each of the plurality of stages has a plurality of vertical flat plates arranged in parallel.
- a liquid supply system that supplies a liquid to the gas-liquid contact portion and sequentially distributes the plurality of stages along the array; and a gas supply system that supplies a gas to the gas-liquid contact portion.
- the gist of the supplied liquid is that it flows down the plurality of vertical flat plates and contacts the supplied gas in each of the plurality of stages.
- the gas supplied to the gas-liquid contact portion sequentially flows through the plurality of stages along the arrangement, and the order in which the liquid supplied by the liquid supply system flows through the plurality of stages is determined by the gas supply system.
- the gas to be supplied can be configured to be the same as or reverse to the order in which the plurality of stages are circulated.
- the gas-liquid contact device may have one horizontally long container, and the plurality of steps of the gas-liquid contact portion may be configured to be arranged in the longitudinal direction in the horizontally long container.
- the horizontally long container may have a shape in which a longitudinal direction is curved or bent, and the plurality of steps may be assigned to be arranged in a longitudinal direction in which the horizontally long container is curved or bent.
- the horizontally long container may have a shape whose longitudinal direction is branched.
- the liquid supply system includes a plurality of liquid distributors provided on the upper side in each of the plurality of stages, a plurality of liquid recovery ports provided on the lower side in each of the plurality of stages, and 1 in the plurality of stages. It is preferable to have a piping system that connects the plurality of liquid distributors and the plurality of liquid recovery ports so that the liquid recovery ports of one stage are connected to the liquid distributor of the next stage to which liquid is supplied. .
- the liquid supply system may further include at least one heat exchanger provided in the piping system for adjusting the temperature of the liquid, and a power source for supplying the liquid. The number of the heat exchangers may be one less than the number of the plurality of stages, and the temperature of the liquid can be adjusted for each stage. In addition, if a branch pipe that branches from the piping system so as to return a part of the liquid recovered from one stage to the one stage and connects to the one stage is provided, the liquid in the same stage Can be repeated.
- the gas supply system may include a gas introduction port that communicates with a stage through which gas flows first, a gas discharge port that communicates with a stage through which gas flows last, and a demister provided at the gas discharge port.
- the plurality of stages communicate with each other in the lateral direction so that the gas supplied by the gas supply system penetrates the plurality of stages in the lateral direction, and the plurality of vertical lines in each of the plurality of stages.
- positioned so that the flat plate may follow the direction through which the said gas passes may be sufficient.
- the gas-liquid contact portion further has a partition wall for preventing gas from flowing upward or downward while avoiding the plurality of flat plates at the boundary between the plurality of steps.
- a partition wall can be provided in a suitable place as needed.
- the gas supply system may further include a guide wall that guides the gas so that the gas circulation in the plurality of stages alternately repeats rising and lowering for each stage.
- the gas supply system may further include a guide wall that forms a communication path for guiding the gas from one upper part of the plurality of stages to the lower part of the stage through which the gas flows next. Is configured to circulate so as to rise between the flat plates in each of the plurality of stages.
- the liquid supply system is provided on the upper side in each of the plurality of stages and is provided on the lower side in each of the plurality of stages, and a plurality of liquid distributors for supplying the liquid to the plurality of flat plates, respectively.
- a plurality of liquid recovery ports for recovering the liquid flowing down the plurality of flat plates, and the plurality of stages so that the liquid recovered from the liquid recovery port is returned to the liquid distributor in each of the plurality of stages.
- a piping system connecting a liquid distributor and the plurality of liquid recovery ports; and a partition wall provided at a boundary between the plurality of stages, wherein the amount of liquid remaining in one stage is set to a predetermined amount in the plurality of stages.
- the partition wall may have a height to be regulated and the partition wall that flows to a stage where the excess liquid exceeding the predetermined amount is supplied next.
- the plurality of liquid distributors and the plurality of liquid distributors are connected so that one stage of liquid recovery port is connected to a liquid distributor of a stage to which liquid is supplied next.
- a liquid distributor in one stage includes the one stage and its stage. You may arrange
- the gas-liquid contact phase in which the pressure loss in the gas-liquid contact is suppressed can be configured in multiple stages while avoiding the problem of gravity load, the energy efficiency at the time of operation is good, and good gas-liquid contact and It is possible to provide a gas-liquid contact device capable of realizing efficient component or energy transfer.
- FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing another embodiment of the gas-liquid contact device.
- Sectional drawing of the longitudinal direction which shows other embodiment of a gas-liquid contact apparatus roughly.
- the schematic block diagram which shows the modification of the container of a gas-liquid contact apparatus from the top.
- the schematic block diagram which shows the other modification of the container of a gas-liquid contact apparatus from the side.
- the schematic block diagram which shows the further another modification of the container of a gas-liquid contact apparatus from the top.
- the gas-liquid contact phase having a plurality of parallel vertical plates as fillers has little pressure loss due to gas flow resistance. Therefore, even if a large number of gas-liquid contact phases are stacked and configured in multiple stages, it is possible to keep energy consumption in the gas-liquid contact process low.
- the conventional multi-stage structure laminated in the vertical direction there is a limit in increasing the number of stages and improving the gas-liquid contact efficiency.
- the present disclosure solves the problem related to the height limit by arranging a plurality of gas-liquid contact phases in the horizontal direction and configuring in multiple stages.
- FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a gas-liquid contact device.
- the gas-liquid contact device 1 includes a gas-liquid contact portion 2, a liquid supply system 3, and a gas supply system 4, and is configured in a horizontal multistage structure.
- the gas-liquid contact device 1 has a horizontally long container 21 elongated in the horizontal direction, and the gas-liquid contact part 2 is configured in the container 21.
- the container 21 includes a top plate 21t, a bottom plate 21b and a pair of side walls 21s along the longitudinal direction, and end walls 21a and 21d at both ends in the longitudinal direction.
- the shape of the container 21 is a substantially quadrangular prism shape whose cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is substantially rectangular.
- the gas-liquid contact portion 2 configured in a horizontally long space in the container 21 has a plurality of steps 2 a, 2 b, 2 c, and 2 d that are assigned so as to be arranged in the horizontal direction along the longitudinal direction of the container 21.
- a plurality of vertical flat plates P arranged in parallel with an interval are disposed as the filler 22.
- Each stage of the gas-liquid contact part 2 corresponds to a conventional one-stage gas-liquid contact phase.
- the liquid L is supplied from above to a plurality of vertical flat plates P to flow down, whereby liquid A film is formed.
- the gas-liquid contact portion 2 has four stages, but the number of stages to be assigned may be any number of two or more.
- the plurality of steps 2 a, 2 b, 2 c, 2 d are assigned substantially evenly, and the flat plate P having the same size is used for the filler 22.
- the gas-liquid contact device 1 further includes a liquid supply system 3 and a gas supply system 4.
- the liquid supply system 3 supplies the liquid L to the gas-liquid contact unit 2 and sequentially distributes the plurality of stages 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d along the arrangement.
- the gas supply system 4 supplies the gas G to the gas-liquid contact portion 2 and sequentially distributes the plurality of stages 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d along the arrangement.
- the liquid supply system 3 includes a plurality of liquid distributors 31, a plurality of liquid recovery ports 32, and a pipe 33 that connects the plurality of liquid distributors 31 and the plurality of liquid recovery ports 32.
- the plurality of liquid distributors 31 are provided on the upper side in each of the plurality of stages 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d.
- the plurality of liquid recovery ports 32 are provided on the lower side in each of the plurality of stages.
- the pipe 33 is configured such that, in a plurality of stages, the liquid recovery port 32 of one stage and the liquid distributor 31 of the stage to which liquid is supplied next are connected.
- the bottom plate 21b of the container 21 is formed in a concave shape that is inclined so that the center is lowest for each step, and the liquid recovery port 32 is connected to the bottom of the concave shape.
- the liquid supplied to the liquid distributor 31 in the stage 2a through the pipe 33 is supplied from the liquid distributor 31 to the upper side of the flat plate P, flows down along the surface of the flat plate P, is stored at the bottom, and is stored in the liquid recovery port 32.
- a pump 34 is disposed between the liquid recovery port 32 of one stage and the liquid distributor 31 of the next stage, and functions as a power source for supplying liquid supply energy. Since the liquid is sent from the liquid recovery port 32 of one stage to the liquid distributor 31 of the next stage by driving the pump 34, the liquid at the bottom of the stage 2a is supplied to the liquid distributor 31 of the next stage 2b.
- the liquid L sequentially flows through the plurality of stages 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d. Since the flow rate of the liquid flowing through the pipe 33 can be adjusted by adjusting the drive of the pump 34, the amount of liquid stored at the bottom of each stage can be adjusted by adjusting the pump 34. However, if necessary, a flow rate adjusting valve may be installed in the pipe 33 and the flow rate of the liquid may be adjusted using this, thereby improving the adjustment accuracy.
- the liquid distributor 31 for supplying the liquid L to the filler 22 can be appropriately selected from those generally used.
- Good liquid-liquid contact processing can be performed using a liquid distributor having a drip point density (number of liquid supply points per area) of about 100 to 3000 points / m 2 . It is preferable to use a liquid distributor having a drip point density of 500 to 3000 points / m 2 .
- the liquid distributor is generally composed mainly of a distribution pipe for guiding and distributing the liquid to each drip point, and drops liquid such as an opening, a thin tube nozzle, a guide claw, etc. to each drip point of the distribution pipe. Means are provided. Any such type of liquid distributor can be used.
- the liquid supplied to the liquid distributor is distributed to each drip point through the distribution pipe, and falls freely and is supplied to the filler 22.
- a heat exchanger 35 capable of adjusting the temperature of the liquid is disposed on the pipe 33. Therefore, the liquid adjusted to the temperature suitable for the gas-liquid contact process by supplying the heat medium or the refrigerant to the heat exchanger 35 can be supplied to each stage. Therefore, the temperature change of the liquid that occurs through the gas-liquid contact while the liquid sequentially flows from the stage 2 a to the stage 2 d can be eliminated by using the heat exchanger 35.
- the number of heat exchangers 35 installed in the pipe 33 is one less than the number of stages (number of stages-1), and the temperature of the liquid is adjusted for each stage.
- the temperature of the liquid supplied to each stage can be easily adjusted by the arrangement of the heat exchanger using the pipe 33, and there are five or more stages of gas-liquid contact parts that are difficult in the vertical multi-stage structure.
- the temperature can be suitably controlled.
- the heat exchanger 35 may be used according to the necessity of heating or cooling, and the temperature of the liquid can be adjusted using at least one heat exchanger. That is, the heat exchanger 35 may be reduced or omitted depending on the situation.
- the gas-liquid contact device 1 includes a tubular gas inlet 41 that communicates with the stage 2d through which gas flows first, and a tubular gas outlet that communicates with the stage 2a through which gas flows last. 42.
- the gas inlet 41 is provided at the center of the end wall 21d of the container, and the gas outlet 42 is provided at the center of the end wall 21a.
- a demister 43 is installed at the gas discharge port 42 in order to prevent the minute droplets from being discharged together with the gas G discharged from the gas discharge port 42.
- a net-like or porous member such as a wire net or a perforated plate can be used, and one having a suitable opening size may be selected from those generally used as a demister.
- the distribution resistance of the gas G when bringing the gas G and the liquid L into contact with each other affects the energy consumption during operation.
- the wetting area per unit volume (gas-liquid contact area), the gas flow rate, and the gas flow resistance in the filler 22 change depending on the thickness and interval of the flat plate P, so that a suitable flow space is obtained in consideration of these factors.
- the number of flat plates P arranged in parallel is set.
- interval of the flat plate P can be fixed through a spacer, for example. What is necessary is just to adjust the dimension and installation position of a spacer suitably so that the flow of the gas G and the liquid L may not be prevented.
- An outer frame for integrating a plurality of flat plates P as a unit may be used. When the upper and lower ends of the plurality of flat plates P are fixed with the outer frame so that the flat plates are arranged in parallel via a spacer, the filler 22 The loading operation becomes easier.
- the partition walls 23 and 24 are erected vertically from the top plate 21t and the bottom plate 21b of the container 21 at the boundary positions of the plurality of steps 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d of the gas-liquid contact portion 2.
- the height of the partition walls 23 and 24 is small, and the boundary surfaces of the plurality of steps 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d are each almost completely opened. That is, the plurality of stages 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d communicate with each other in the lateral direction.
- the gas G flows through the gas-liquid contact portion 2 along the longitudinal direction of the container 21, and sequentially passes from the step 2d toward the step 2a.
- the plurality of vertical flat plates P are arranged in parallel to the longitudinal direction of the container 21 so as to be along the direction in which the gas G passes. Therefore, the gas G supplied by the gas supply system passes straight through the space between the flat plates P and the space between the flat plates P and the side portions of the container 21 and passes through the plurality of steps 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d. It can penetrate linearly in the direction. Therefore, the pressure loss of the gas G due to the flow resistance is kept low.
- the partition wall 23 on the top plate 21t side serves to prevent the gas G from flowing over the space between the flat plates P while avoiding the space. Therefore, the height of the partition wall 23 is set so that at least the lower end thereof reaches the upper end of the flat plate P, and is provided so as to contact the corner of the flat plate P. However, an excessive height increases the flow resistance of the gas G. Further, the partition wall 24 on the bottom plate 21b side serves to prevent the flow of the gas G from escaping below the flat plate P. When the liquid surface level of the liquid flowing down from the flat plate P reaches the lower end of the flat plate P, that is, when the lower end of the flat plate P contacts the stored liquid, the flow of the gas G avoids the flat plate P and moves downward. It can be surely prevented from flowing.
- the height of the partition wall 24 is preferably set so as to be higher than the lower end of the flat plate P arranged in each stage and to hold the liquid storage reliably.
- a plurality of flat plates P are individually disposed in each of the plurality of stages 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d.
- each of the plurality of vertical flat plates P a horizontally long flat plate integrally continuous through the plurality of steps 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d can be used.
- notches for fitting the partition walls 23 and 24 are formed at the upper end and the lower end of each flat plate, it can be installed well.
- a plurality of notches may be formed at the lower end of the partition wall 23 and the upper end of the partition wall 24, and the flat plate may be fitted into the notch.
- the partition walls 23 and 24 and the notch can also act as flat plate positioning means.
- Each stage of the gas-liquid contact part 2 in the embodiment of FIG. 1 is configured using a single-stage structure of a plurality of flat plates arranged in parallel.
- a multi-stage structure filler may be used as long as it is acceptable in terms of the strength of the filler.
- a filler 22a having a multi-stage structure (four stages in the figure) on which parallel flat plates are stacked.
- a support member for supporting the upper plate is interposed between the steps.
- a plurality of elongated flat plate pieces S are arranged so as to be bridged in the vertical direction with respect to the flat plate P, interposed between upper and lower stages, and used as a support member.
- Such a flat plate piece S has a function of redistributing the liquid flowing down from the upper flat plate P in a direction perpendicular to the flat plate P. By redistributing the liquid, it is possible to suitably prevent a reduction in wet area due to poor wetness.
- the gas flow resistance is generated by the flat plate piece S, it is preferable to use a flat plate piece having a low height so that the area ratio occupied by the flat plate piece S in a plane perpendicular to the gas flow is less than 20%.
- a thin perforated plate or a mesh plate is used on the flat plate P instead of the flat plate piece S, it functions suitably as a support member while suppressing the gas flow resistance, and the flat plate P is stabilized. Can be loaded.
- the gas flow direction is the horizontal direction (horizontal direction), and the liquid flow direction (vertical direction) Intersects vertically.
- the filler 22a can also be used in such a form that the gas G flows in the vertical direction, and the filling material 22a is used to perform co-current type or countercurrent type gas-liquid contact at each stage. It can be carried out.
- FIG. 2B when the flat plates are stacked so that the upper flat plate P and the lower flat plate P are perpendicular to each other at the twisted position, the multistage structure is filled without interposing a support member.
- the material 22b can be configured.
- the filler 22b also has a function of redistributing the liquid flowing down from the upper flat plate P in a direction perpendicular to the lower flat plate P.
- the flow resistance in the horizontal gas flow is large, but in the vertical gas flow, the gas G easily passes between the flat plates P, and the flow resistance is small. Therefore, the filler 22b is suitable for performing a co-current type or counter-current type gas-liquid contact at each stage.
- a gas-liquid contact apparatus having a structure capable of cocurrent flow type or counterflow type gas liquid contact at each stage will be described below.
- FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a gas-liquid contact device that performs co-current type or counter-current type gas-liquid contact.
- the gas-liquid contact device 11 of FIG. 3 is described in a form in which the same filling material 22 as that of FIG. 1 is loaded in each stage of the gas-liquid contact portion 2, but as understood from the above, FIG. Either or both of the fillers 22a and 22b of (a) and (b) may be loaded into the gas-liquid contact device 11 for use.
- the 3 has a liquid supply system 3 similar to the gas-liquid contact device 1 of FIG. Similarly, four stages 2 a, 2 b, 2 c, 2 d are assigned to the gas-liquid contact part 2, and the liquid L flows from the stage 2 a to the stage 2 d of the gas-liquid contact part 2 through the pipe 33 of the liquid supply system 3. Sequentially supplied. In each stage, the liquid L supplied from the liquid distributor 31 flows down on the flat plate P, is recovered from the liquid recovery port 32, and is sent to the next stage by the pump 34. During this time, the temperature is adjusted by the heat exchanger 35.
- the gas supply system 4a is configured such that the circulation of the gas G alternately repeats ascending and descending for each stage.
- FIG. 3 a part of the partition wall 24 in FIG.
- the position where the partition wall 24 is left and the position where the partition wall 24 is replaced are alternately arranged at the boundaries of the plurality of steps. 1 is removed at the boundary where the guide wall 25 is provided, and the partition wall 23 of FIG. 1 is replaced with the guide wall 26 at the boundary where the partition wall 24 remains. Therefore, the guide wall 25 and the guide wall 26 are alternately arranged at the boundaries of the plurality of steps 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d of the gas-liquid contact portion 2.
- the guide wall 25 extends vertically from the bottom plate 21b of the container 21 in the vertical direction, and the height thereof is set so as to leave a predetermined interval between the upper end and the top plate 21t of the container 21.
- the guide wall 26 extends vertically downward from the top plate 21 t of the container 21, and the height thereof is set so as to leave a predetermined interval between the lower end and the upper end of the partition wall 24. Therefore, most of the boundary between two adjacent steps is blocked by the guide wall 26, and the two sections are partially communicated by the space below the guide wall 26.
- the space connecting the two adjacent steps to each other is above and below the gas-liquid contact portion 2.
- the gas G supplied from the gas introduction port 41a meanders up and down alternately in each stage while flowing through the gas-liquid contact portion 2, and is then discharged from the gas discharge port 42a.
- the gas-liquid contact mode between the liquid L and the gas G as the gas-liquid contact unit 2 as a whole is a counter-current gas-liquid contact, but for each stage, a counter-current gas-liquid contact and a co-current type are used. The gas-liquid contact is alternately performed.
- the gas inlet 41 and the gas outlet 42 are provided at the centers of the end walls 21d and 21a, respectively. That is, the gas flow from the stage 2d at the most upstream position of the gas flow to the stage 2a at the most downstream position is configured to be as uniform as possible.
- the gas-liquid contact device 11 in FIG. 3 has a structure in which the gas G rises in the stage 2d at the most upstream position of the gas flow, in order to supply the gas G to the stage 2d from below, 41a is provided in the lower end of the end surface (end wall 21d of the container 21) of the step 2d.
- the gas discharge port 42a is also provided at the lower end of the end surface (end wall 21a) of the step 2a. Provided.
- the gas introduction port 41a and the gas discharge port 42a may be changed to be provided at the upper ends of the end walls 21a and 21d.
- the arrangement of the gas inlet 41a and the installation height of the gas outlet 42a are the same.
- one of the gas inlet 41a and the gas outlet 42a is arranged at the upper end of the end wall, and the other is arranged at the lower end. That is, the installation height of the gas inlet 41a and the gas outlet 42a is appropriately changed according to the flow of the gas G guided by the guide walls 26 and 25.
- maintain the side edge of the flat plate P is provided in the side surface of the guide walls 25 and 26 and positioning of the flat plate P is enabled, it will be the same as the partition walls 23 and 24 of FIG. 25 and 26 can be given a function as a spacer.
- FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of a gas-liquid contact device that performs counter-current gas-liquid contact in all stages of the gas-liquid contact portion.
- the gas-liquid contact device 12 in FIG. 4 is also described in a form in which the same filler 22 as in FIG. However, as described above, either or both of the fillers 22a and 22b in FIGS. 2A and 2B may be appropriately distributed and loaded into each stage of the gas-liquid contact portion. it can.
- the 4 has a liquid supply system 3 similar to the gas-liquid contact device 1 of FIG. Similarly, four stages 2 a, 2 b, 2 c, 2 d are assigned to the gas-liquid contact part 2, and the liquid L flows from the stage 2 a to the stage 2 d of the gas-liquid contact part 2 through the pipe 33 of the liquid supply system 3. Are sequentially supplied. In each stage, the liquid L supplied from the liquid distributor 31 flows down on the flat plate P, is recovered from the liquid recovery port 32, and is sent to the next stage by the pump 34. During this time, the temperature is adjusted by the heat exchanger 35. On the other hand, the gas supply system 4b is configured so that the flow of the gas G rises and counter-current gas-liquid contact is performed in all stages of the gas-liquid contact unit 2.
- a parallel guide wall 27 and a guide wall 28 are provided at each of the boundaries of the plurality of steps 2 a, 2 b, 2 c, 2 d, and between the guide wall 27 and the guide wall 28.
- a communication passage 29 having a constant width is formed.
- the guide wall 27 extends vertically upward from the bottom plate 21 b of the container 21, and the height thereof is set so as to leave a predetermined interval between the upper end and the top plate 21 t of the container 21.
- the guide wall 28 extends vertically downward from the top plate 21 t of the container 21, and the height thereof is set so as to leave a predetermined interval between the lower end and the bottom plate 21 b of the container 21.
- the communication path 29 communicates with both adjacent steps in the space between the guide wall 27 and the top plate 21t and in the space between the guide wall 28 and the bottom plate 21b. Accordingly, the gas G supplied from the gas inlet 41b and rising between the flat plates P of the stage 2d is guided from above the guide wall 27 through the communication path 29 to the lower part of the stage 2c through which the gas flows next. . Similarly, in each subsequent stage, gas supply from below and gas discharge from above are repeated. Meanwhile, gas-liquid contact between the gas G rising between the flat plates P and the liquid L flowing down is performed in each stage.
- a communication hole 30 is provided at the base of the wall 27.
- the communication passage 29 is formed so as to connect the upper part of the upstream stage and the lower part of the downstream stage of the gas flow. It is provided at the lower end of the 2d end face (end wall 21d).
- the step 2a at the most downstream position of the gas flow is blocked at the downstream side of the flat plate P by the guide wall 27, and the gas G discharged from the upper part of the step 2a is a space between the guide wall 27 and the end wall 21a. Descend.
- the gas discharge port 42b is provided at the lower end of the end wall 21a.
- the guide wall 27 on the downstream side of the step 2a may be omitted so that the space between the end wall 21a and the flat plate P is eliminated.
- the gas discharge port 42 b is provided at the upper end of the end wall 21 a, and the gas G discharged from the upper part of the step 2 a is discharged from the upper part of the container 21.
- the gas G flows so as to descend between the flat plates P at each stage of the gas-liquid contact portion 2, A co-current type gas-liquid contact between the liquid L and the gas G is performed.
- the contact between the gas G and the liquid L is a co-current type gas-liquid contact even in the gas-liquid contact portion 2 as a whole.
- the embodiment of FIG. 4 can be changed so that the gas G descends in each stage of the gas-liquid contact portion 2 depending on the installation positions of the guide walls 27 and 28.
- the communication path 29 is changed to connect the lower part of the upstream stage and the upper part of the downstream stage of the gas flow.
- the gas inlet 41b may be provided at the upper end of the end wall 21d.
- the guide wall is similar to the partition walls 23 and 24 of FIG. 27 and 28 can be given a function as a spacer.
- the liquid distributor 31 located above the filler does not participate in the pressure loss of the gas supply. 3 and 4, the flow of the gas G meanders in the vicinity of the liquid distributor 31, so that the gas supply pressure loss is not so much involved. Therefore, in the gas-liquid contact device in which the gas-liquid contact portion 2 is configured to be horizontally long, there is an advantage that it is not necessary to consider the pressure loss due to the liquid distributor 31.
- gas-liquid contact devices 1, 11, and 12 can be variously modified in order to set suitable gas-liquid contact conditions according to the situation.
- some modified examples will be described.
- the number of times the liquid supplied to the device flows down the flat plate P corresponds to the number of stages assigned to the gas-liquid contact unit 2.
- a part of the liquid repeatedly flows in the same stage.
- a part of the liquid recovered from the liquid recovery port 32 in one stage is branched from the pipe 33 so as to return to the original stage without being supplied to the next stage.
- a branch pipe 51 connected to the liquid distributor is provided. Therefore, the time during which the liquid L stays in the apparatus becomes longer, and the contact time between the liquid L and the gas G is extended. That is, an effect similar to increasing the number of stages to be allocated can be obtained.
- FIG. 5 shows a modification example in which the gas-liquid contact device 11 of FIG. 3 is provided with the branch pipe 51 and the flow rate adjusting valve 52.
- the gas-liquid contact device 1 of FIG. 1 or the gas-liquid contact of FIG. Similar changes may be made in the device 12.
- FIG. 6 shows a modification that allows partial reflux of the liquid in the embodiment of FIG.
- the branch pipe shown in FIG. 5 is not used, and the liquid level stored in the bottom is set by setting the height of the partition wall 24 ′ provided at the boundary between the stages. Utilize a structure that can be maintained at a desired level. That is, when the liquid level reaches the height of the partition wall 24 ′, the liquid is gradually increased from the stage 2a to the stage 2d by utilizing the property that the liquid overflows and shifts to the adjacent stage due to the increase in the amount of liquid. To migrate. Accordingly, the connection of the pipe 33 in FIG. 1 is changed so that the liquid stored at the bottom in each stage is returned to the liquid distributor 31 in that stage.
- the piping of the gas-liquid contact device 13 in FIG. 6 is constituted by an introduction pipe 33I, a reflux pipe 33 ', and a lead-out pipe 33E.
- the introduction pipe 33I is connected to the liquid distributor 31 of the stage 2a to which the liquid is first supplied, and the liquid supplied from the liquid distributor 31 to the flat plate P flows down to the bottom of the stage 2a.
- the reflux pipe 33 ' connects a plurality of liquid distributors and a plurality of liquid recovery heights so that the liquid recovery port 32 and the liquid distributor 31 in each stage communicate with each other. Therefore, when the pump 34 on the reflux pipe 33 'is driven, the liquid recovered from the liquid recovery port 32 is returned to the liquid distributor 31 and repeatedly supplied to the flat plate P of each stage.
- the liquid corresponding to the new supply amount is discharged from the bottom of the stage 2a. It overflows to the adjacent stage 2b. Accordingly, the amount of liquid remaining in each stage is regulated to a predetermined amount, and when this amount is exceeded, excess liquid is supplied to the bottom of the stage where liquid is supplied next. Therefore, the ratio of the liquid supplied to the next stage and the liquid returning to the original stage can be set and changed according to the height of the partition wall 24 ′.
- the length of the container 21 is extended so as to have a liquid recovery port 32 ′ between the end wall 21 d of the container 21 and the step 2 d, and the boundary between the step 2 d and the liquid recovery port 32 ′.
- a discharge pipe 33E is connected to the liquid recovery port 32 ′. Accordingly, when the liquid stored at the bottom in the step 2d overflows beyond the partition wall 24 ′′, the liquid is recovered. It is discharged from the recovery port 32 ′ through the outlet pipe 33E.
- the liquid recovery port 32 ′ is provided at the bottom of the container 21, but may be changed to be provided on the side wall or the end wall 21 d of the container 21.
- the height at which the liquid recovery port 32 'is provided may be set so that the liquid exceeding the desired liquid level overflows from the liquid recovery port 32' at the bottom of the step 2d.
- the partition wall 24 ′′ can be omitted and the extension of the length of the apparatus in the longitudinal direction can be avoided.
- FIG. 7 shows another modification example in which the liquid can be partially refluxed in the embodiment of FIG.
- the liquid supply system includes a plurality of liquid recovery ports 32 similar to FIG. 1, and pipes 33 that connect the plurality of liquid distributors and the plurality of liquid recovery ports.
- the liquid distributors 31b, 31c, and 31d can supply liquid across the two stages of the stage where the liquid distributors 31b, 31c, and 31d are installed. Has changed. Accordingly, the installation position of the partition wall is also changed as in the partition wall 23 ′ in FIG. 7, and the height of the partition wall 23 ′ is set to a height that contacts the upper end of the flat plate P.
- a plurality of liquid distributors 31a to 31d are provided on the upper side in each of the plurality of stages 2a to 2d.
- the liquid distributor 31a provided in the stage 2a to which the liquid is first supplied is shorter in the longitudinal direction (that is, the arrangement direction of the stages) than the liquid distributor 31 in FIG. .
- the liquid distributor 31d provided in the stage 2d to which the liquid is supplied last is long in the longitudinal direction, and the reduction amount of the liquid distributor 31a is equal to the increase amount of the liquid distributor 31d.
- the liquid distributors 31b and 31c in the stages 2b and 2c except the first and last stages in the liquid supply order have the same length as the liquid distributor 31 in FIG.
- the liquid distributor is arranged so that the liquid can be supplied across the two stages, the stage where the liquid is installed and the previous stage. . Therefore, the liquid is supplied from the liquid recovery port 32 of one stage to the liquid distributor of the next stage through the pipe 33 by driving the pump 34, as in the embodiment of FIG. However, the liquid supplied to the liquid distributor is distributed and supplied to the flat plate P of the next stage and the flat plate P of the original stage. Since the liquid distributor supplies the liquid across two stages, the position of the partition wall 23 ′ provided on the top plate 21 t is out of the boundary of the stages.
- the installation position is not limited to the step boundary and may be changed as appropriate.
- the shielding effect increases when the number of partition walls 23, 23 'is increased.
- a partition wall configured to block between the top plate 21t and the liquid distributor is also useful.
- the device When the gas-liquid contact is performed under pressure or reduced pressure, the device is usually designed in a round shape so that the action of pressure is dispersed in order to cope with the pressure.
- the horizontally long container 21 of the gas-liquid contact device can be changed to various axial shapes.
- the container 21 may be changed so as to have a round shape such as a cylindrical shape or an elliptical column shape for the purpose of dealing with pressure.
- the gas G avoids the space between the flat plates P and prevents the gas G from flowing in both lateral spaces.
- This barrier wall may be provided at each step boundary of the gas-liquid contact portion.
- the number or width of the flat plates P in the middle stage is increased from the uppermost stage and the lowermost stage, so that the lateral width in each stage of the filler is increased. It can be varied to some extent. Therefore, the space between the side wall of the container and the filler can be changed to some extent by using the multi-stage fillers 22a and 22b as shown in FIGS.
- the length and shape of the liquid dropping member (nozzle, guide claw, etc.) of the liquid distributor may be improved so that the liquid can be supplied also to the flat plate P in the middle stage of the multistage filler.
- a blocking wall that prevents the gas G from flowing between the side wall of the container and the flat plate P can be used in combination.
- the container 21 of the gas-liquid contact device extends in the horizontal lateral direction, and the arrangement direction of the plurality of stages 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d of the gas-liquid contact unit 2 is horizontal.
- the direction in which the plurality of steps of the gas-liquid contact portion 2 are arranged is not limited to the horizontal direction, but may be an inclined lateral direction.
- a structure in which a plurality of steps are arranged in a stepped manner by providing a step between adjacent steps may be used.
- the liquid supply system is configured so that the liquid sequentially flows from the stage located at the uppermost stage toward the stage located at the lowermost stage, energy efficiency is good.
- Such an inclined arrangement may be used in installation of an apparatus using an inclined land.
- the gas G that contacts the liquid L is supplied from the outside to the gas-liquid contact portion. That is, the gas-liquid contact device has a gas inlet for supplying gas from the outside.
- a gas purification device a gas separation device, a cooling device, and the like.
- a regenerating apparatus that regenerates a liquid (absorbing liquid) that has absorbed a specific gas component, there is a form in which there is no gas inlet.
- absorption liquids used in gas separation equipment that separates acidic gases such as carbon dioxide and sulfur oxide contained in the gas, a shift in gas-liquid concentration equilibrium due to temperature rise, stripping by contact with water vapor Etc.
- the absorbent in an apparatus for regenerating an absorbent containing an alkanolamine-based absorbent used in the separation and recovery of carbon dioxide, the absorbent is generally heated to a temperature near the boiling point, and the gas with high-temperature carbon dioxide and water vapor released is heated. The release of carbon dioxide is further advanced by liquid contact. Therefore, when the above-described embodiment is applied to such a regeneration apparatus, it is preferable to provide a facility for supplying thermal energy to the liquid instead of the gas inlet.
- a heating device such as a heater or a heat exchanger is installed to supply regeneration heat from the outside, and the absorbing liquid is heated at one end of the gas-liquid contact portion.
- the heating device that supplies regenerative heat acts as an element of a gas supply system that supplies gas to the gas-liquid contact portion.
- the arrangement of the steps of the gas-liquid contact portion in the above-described embodiment is linear
- the shape of the container 21 is a shape that extends linearly in the lateral direction, but is not limited thereto. That is, the shape may be such that the longitudinal direction of the horizontally long container is bent or curved.
- the shape of the container may be gently curved, or the container may be bent or curved by partially providing a corner or a curve.
- Such deformation is possible, for example, by providing an appropriate space between the steps of the gas-liquid contact portion and changing the arrangement direction of each step using this space.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram from above of the apparatus for showing the shape of the container, and description of the liquid supply system and the like is omitted.
- FIG. 8A shows a gas-liquid contact device 15 in which the steps 2a to 2h of the gas-liquid contact portion 2 are allocated in a container 21A curved in a U-shape
- FIG. 8B shows a substantially L-shape
- the gas-liquid contact device 16 is shown in which the steps 2a to 2g of the gas-liquid contact portion 2 are allocated in the curved container 21B.
- the containers 21A and 21B of the gas-liquid contact devices 15 and 16 in FIGS. 8A and 8B have two straight portions and one curved portion.
- the gas-liquid contact portion 2 is divided into two portions and assigned to each of the straight portions, and the bending portion is configured to connect the gas-liquid contact portion.
- the design of the container is relatively easy, and it is easy to design in a form that allows easy loading of the filler.
- FIG. 8C shows the gas-liquid contact device 17 in which the container 21C is curved in an arc shape as a whole.
- this container 21 ⁇ / b> C the arrangement direction of each stage of the gas-liquid contact part is gradually changed using the space between the stages of the gas-liquid contact part 2.
- each step of the gas-liquid contact portion can be arranged along the longitudinal direction of the curved container.
- Such a deformation of the container is useful in installing a gas-liquid contact device having a shape suitable for the site conditions, and can be used to reduce the installation space.
- each step of the gas-liquid contact portion is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the bent container.
- the shape of the container that is curved without being squared can prevent the gas flow from being disturbed, and is effective in reducing the flow resistance. It is useful for improvement.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram from the side showing the structure of the gas-liquid contact device 18 configured in a two-story structure.
- the container 21D of the gas-liquid contact device 18 has two straight portions constituting the first floor portion and the second floor portion, and a curved portion connecting them, and the curved portion is curved along a vertical plane.
- the steps 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d of the gas-liquid contact portion are assigned to the second floor portion, and the steps 2e, 2f, 2g, 2h are assigned to the first floor portion.
- a pipe 33, a pump 34, and a heat exchanger 35 are provided as a liquid supply system, and the liquid L is supplied to the stage 2a of the second floor portion.
- the supplied liquid L sequentially flows from the stage 2a to the stage 2d, then is supplied to the stage 2e of the first floor portion, and similarly flows sequentially toward the stage 2h. Since the liquid in the second floor 2f can be supplied to the first floor 2e using gravity, the pump 34 as a power source for supplying the liquid from the stage 2f to the stage 2e is omitted in this case. May be.
- the gas-liquid contact apparatus 18 of FIG. 9 can also be changed so as to be installed on an inclined land. Specifically, the curved portion connecting the first floor portion and the second floor portion of the container may be tilted so as to be curved along an inclined surface. Thereby, the first floor part and the second floor part are installed in parallel along the inclined surface.
- the above-described horizontal multi-stage gas-liquid contact device can also form a horizontally long container in a shape whose longitudinal direction is branched.
- the longitudinal direction of the gas-liquid contact device has at least three ends, at least one of a gas inlet and a gas outlet is provided.
- the amount of gas discharged from the absorber is smaller than the amount of gas to be supplied, and the ratio of gas-liquid contact at each stage of the gas-liquid contact section depends on the gas flow direction. Change.
- the gas-liquid contact device is designed in a branching shape such as Y-shape or T-shape, gas is supplied from two gas supply ports, and the processed gas is discharged from one gas discharge port. If comprised in this way, said point can be improved.
- the branched gas-liquid contact device is useful. For example, when used as a regenerator, the flow rate of carbon dioxide generated from the regenerated absorbing liquid increases toward the gas discharge port, so that carbon dioxide is discharged from the two gas discharge ports of the gas-liquid contact device. Can be configured.
- An embodiment of the gas-liquid contact device configured in a branched shape is shown in FIG.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic configuration diagram from above of the apparatus for showing the shape of the container, and description of the liquid supply system and the like is omitted.
- the gas-liquid contact devices 19A and 19B show the gas-liquid contact devices 19A and 19B in a branched form.
- the gas-liquid contact devices 19A and 19B have the same shape of the container 21E, but differ in the arrangement of the gas inlet and the gas outlet.
- a part of the gas G is supplied from the gas introduction port 41 and circulates in order through the stages 2a, 2b, and 2c of the gas-liquid contact unit, and the remaining part of the gas G is the gas introduction port 41. It is introduced from 'and flows through the steps 2a', 2b ', 2c' of the gas-liquid contact portion in order.
- the gas-liquid contact device 19B the gas G is divided after flowing in order from the gas inlet 41 through the stages 2a ', 2b', 2c 'of the gas-liquid contact part.
- One gas flows through the gas-liquid contact portions 2c, 2b, 2a in order and is discharged from the gas discharge port 42, and the remaining gas flows through the gas-liquid contact portions 2d, 2e, 2f in order. It is discharged from the outlet 42 '. Therefore, the gas-liquid contact device 19A in FIG. 10A is useful in an application in which the gas flow rate decreases with gas-liquid contact, and the gas-liquid contact device 19B in FIG. This is useful in applications where the flow rate of gas increases.
- the liquid supply path may be branched corresponding to the branched shape.
- the liquid is supplied to the stage 2f of the gas-liquid contact part, and the liquid discharged from the stage 2d is divided and supplied to the stage 2c and the stage 2c ′.
- a liquid supply system is configured. As a result, countercurrent gas-liquid contact can be performed.
- the liquid is supplied from the stages 2a and 2a 'of the gas-liquid contact portion and discharged from the stage 2f, it becomes a cocurrent type gas-liquid contact.
- the gas-liquid contact device 19A of FIG. 10A When the gas-liquid contact device 19A of FIG. 10A is used as an absorption device, it is efficient to use it so as to adjust the ratio of the gas to be introduced according to the composition variation when the content composition variation of the gas G is large. is there.
- the flow of the gas flowing from the gas inlet 41 to the gas outlet 42 is a basic configuration, and when the ratio of the components to be absorbed increases in the gas, the gas inlet 41 ′ is increased accordingly.
- the gas is divided and introduced so that the ratio of the gas supplied from is increased. If it does in this way, a process can be continued appropriately within the range of the absorption capacity of absorption liquid.
- the gas-liquid contact device 20 As shown in FIG. 10 (c) is useful.
- the container 21F of the gas-liquid contact device 20 has a shape branched from the stages 2d to 2f of the gas-liquid contact phase so that the stages 2a to 2c and the stages 2a 'to 2c' are axisymmetric. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is preferable to treat the stages 2a to 2c and the stages 2a ′ to 2c ′ equally.
- the flow resistance is small and good. Gas flow can be formed.
- the shape of the container shown in FIG. 10 can be changed to a T shape, or can be changed to an equal arrangement such that the gas inlet and the gas outlet are located at the apexes of an equilateral triangle. Moreover, in the form of FIG. 10, it branches so that the introduction side or the discharge side may become two, but you may branch to the number beyond it.
- the cross-shaped container may be configured to have three gas inlets and one gas outlet, or one gas inlet and three gas outlets.
- the number of stages of the gas-liquid contact portions disposed on the upstream side and the downstream side of the branching / merging point is not limited to that illustrated, and can be changed as appropriate. Therefore, if necessary, the container can be deformed by extending or decreasing the number of stages partially.
- the horizontal multi-stage gas-liquid contact device is relatively easy to extend the container to increase the number of stages of the gas-liquid contact portion, and the number of stages can be changed as necessary.
- the gas-liquid contact device having a horizontal multi-stage structure is suitable for integrating gas-liquid contact devices for different purposes.
- a desulfurization device that removes sulfur oxide from gas using gas-liquid contact
- a cleaning device that removes liquid-soluble components from the gas
- a desulfurization device that removes sulfur oxide from gas using gas-liquid contact
- a cleaning device that removes liquid-soluble components from the gas
- the above-described embodiment relates to a basic configuration as a gas-liquid contact device, and the gas-liquid contact portion having the above-described function is provided between the gas-liquid contact portion and the gas introduction port or the gas discharge port. It can comprise using a flat plate.
- a desulfurization unit is provided before the gas-liquid contact unit, and a cleaning unit, a cooling unit, etc. are provided after the gas-liquid contact unit. Is preferably provided. In that case, it is preferable that liquids such as a desulfurization liquid, a cleaning liquid, and cooling water are individually supplied to each part configured using a flat plate, and the gas and the liquid are brought into gas-liquid contact.
- an absorption device may be configured so that a cooling unit is further provided between the gas inlet and the desulfurization unit to cool the gas to a desired temperature.
- a cooling unit is further provided between the gas inlet and the desulfurization unit to cool the gas to a desired temperature.
- the filler composed of flat plates can keep the manufacturing and processing costs low. In addition, the operating cost can be reduced by reducing the distribution resistance. Therefore, the gas-liquid contact device as described above is useful as a gas-liquid contact device that requires large-capacity processing and high-speed processing.
- Examples of the gas G to be processed by the gas-liquid contact device as described above include waste gas (exhaust gas) and reaction gas generated in facilities such as a chemical plant and a thermal power plant.
- carbon dioxide, nitrogen Acidic gases such as oxides and sulfur oxides are treated as specific components.
- the liquid L used as the absorbing liquid is selected.
- an aqueous solution of an alkaline agent such as a cyclic amine compound, an alkanol amine, a phenol amine, or an alkali metal salt is often used.
- alkaline agents such as calcium compounds and magnesium compounds are generally used.
- a monoethanolamine (MEA) aqueous solution often used in the recovery of carbon dioxide, a carbamate / amine salt (carbamate), carbonate, bicarbonate, etc. are produced by reaction with carbon dioxide.
- each part which comprises a gas-liquid contact apparatus is manufactured with the raw material which has tolerance with respect to the chemical agent contained in the component of the gas G and the liquid L which were mentioned above.
- examples of such materials include metals such as stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, carbon steel, brass, copper, monel, silver, tin, and niobium, and resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and PTFE.
- the flat plate P constituting the filler is also composed of a corrosion-resistant material that does not cause a reaction (corrosion) with the gas G to be processed and the liquid L to be used, as described above.
- the material may be provided with surface roughness by forming minute irregularities on the surface by surface processing such as sanding, sandblasting, ultraviolet ozone treatment, plasma treatment or the like. Moreover, the raw material prepared so that it might meet the above use conditions by modification
- the flat plate P is a flat plate or a thin layer material having a uniform thickness, and the material and the thickness can be appropriately selected so as to maintain a suitable strength according to the conditions for performing the gas-liquid contact.
- Metal mesh using metal wires, punching metal plates, expanded metal plates, etc. are plate materials that can reduce weight while maintaining strength to the extent that they can stand alone, and even in the spread of liquid wetting Excellent properties. Therefore, when the eyes are extremely fine, it can be handled in the same manner as a flat plate, and may be used to configure the fillers 22, 22a, 22b of the gas-liquid contact device.
- the gas-liquid contact device is not limited to the gas-liquid contact device for absorbing / separating / removing the specific components as described above, but is used for cooling, heating, dissipation, etc. included in various chemical plant processes. It is also possible to apply to an apparatus (cooling tower, heating tower, diffusion tower (regeneration tower), etc.).
- a gas-liquid contact device with good energy efficiency during operation is provided, and good gas-liquid contact and efficient component transfer can be realized while suppressing pressure loss, so that a cooling tower, heating tower, absorption tower, diffusion tower ( It is useful as a regeneration tower) and a washing tower.
- Generalization based on economic improvement can contribute to improvement of efficiency in chemical processing and manufacturing processing, and prevention of environmental pollution due to widespread use of exhaust gas treatment such as combustion gas. Moreover, it can contribute to the effective use of resources by reducing the weight of the apparatus and reducing manufacturing and processing costs.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (15)
- 横方向に配列するように割り当てられる複数の段を有し、前記複数の段の各々に、並列する複数の鉛直な平板を有する気液接触部と、
液体を前記気液接触部に供給して前記複数の段を配列に沿って順次流通させる液体供給システムと、
ガスを前記気液接触部に供給するガス供給システムと
を有し、前記液体供給システムによって供給される液体は、前記複数の段の各々において、前記複数の鉛直な平板を流下すると共に、供給されるガスと接触する気液接触装置。 - 前記気液接触部に供給されるガスは、前記複数の段を配列に沿って順次流通し、前記液体供給システムによって供給される液体が前記複数の段を流通する順序は、前記ガス供給システムによって供給されるガスが前記複数の段を流通する順序と同じ又は逆である請求項1に記載の気液接触装置。
- 前記ガス供給システムは、ガスが最初に流通する段に連通するガス導入口と、ガスが最後に流通する段に連通するガス排出口と、前記ガス排出口に設けられるデミスタとを有する請求項1又は2に記載の気液接触装置。
- 前記ガス供給システムによって供給されるガスが、前記複数の段を横方向に貫通するように、前記複数の段は、横方向に相互に連通し、前記複数の段の各々における前記複数の鉛直な平板は、前記ガスが通過する方向に沿うように配置される請求項1~3の何れか一項に記載の気液接触装置。
- 前記ガス供給システムは、更に、前記複数の段におけるガスの流通が、段毎に上昇及び下降を交互に繰り返すようにガスを誘導する誘導壁を有する請求項1~3の何れか一項に記載の気液接触装置。
- 前記ガス供給システムは、更に、前記複数の段の1つの上部から、次にガスが流通する段の下部へガスを誘導する連通路を形成する誘導壁を有し、それにより、ガスは、前記複数の段の各々において前記平板の間を上昇するように流通する請求項1~3の何れか一項に記載の気液接触装置。
- 前記気液接触部は、更に、前記複数の段の境界において、ガスが前記複数の平板を回避して上方又は下方を流れるのを防止するための仕切り壁を有する請求項4に記載の気液接触装置。
- 更に、1つの横長の容器を有し、前記複数の段は、前記横長の容器内において長手方向に配列するように割り当てられる請求項1~7の何れか一項に記載の気液接触装置。
- 前記液体供給システムは、
前記複数の段の各々において上側に設けられる複数の液分配器と、
前記複数の段の各々において下側に設けられる複数の液回収口と、
前記複数の段において、1つの段の液回収口と次に液体が供給される段の液分配器とが接続するように、前記複数の液分配器と前記複数の液回収口とを接続する配管と
を有する請求項1~8の何れか一項に記載の気液接触装置。 - 前記液体供給システムは、更に、
1つの段から回収される液体の一部を前記1つの段に還流するように前記配管から分岐して前記1つの段に接続する分岐管を有する請求項9に記載の気液接触装置。 - 前記液体供給システムは、
前記複数の段の各々において上側に設けられて前記複数の平板に液体を各々供給する複数の液分配器と、
前記複数の段の各々において下側に設けられて前記複数の平板を流下する液体を各々回収する複数の液回収口と、
前記複数の段の各々において、前記液回収口から回収される液体を前記液分配器に還流するように、前記複数の液分配器と前記複数の液回収口とを接続する配管と、
前記複数の段の境界に設けられる仕切り壁であって、前記複数の段において、1つの段に留まる液体量を所定量に規制する高さを有し、前記所定量を超えた超過分の液体が次に液体が供給される段に流れる前記仕切り壁と
を有する請求項1~4及び8の何れか一項に記載の気液接触装置。 - 前記液体供給システムは、
前記複数の段の各々において上側に設けられる複数の液分配器と、
前記複数の段の各々において下側に設けられる複数の液回収口と、
前記複数の段において、1つの段の液回収口と次に液体が供給される段の液分配器とが接続するように、前記複数の液分配器と前記複数の液回収口とを接続する配管と
を有し、最初に液体が供給される段を除く前記複数の段の各々において、1つの段における液分配器が、前記1つの段とその前の段の2つの段に跨って液体を供給可能なように配置される請求項1~4及び8の何れか一項に記載の気液接触装置。 - 前記液体供給システムは、液体の温度を調整するために前記配管に設けられる少なくとも1つの熱交換器と、液体を供給するための動力源を有する請求項9~12の何れか一項に記載の気液接触装置。
- 前記横長の容器は、長手方向が湾曲又は屈曲する形状を有し、前記複数の段は、前記横長の容器内において湾曲又は屈曲する長手方向に配列するように割り当てられる請求項8に記載の気液接触装置。
- 前記横長の容器は、長手方向が分岐した形状を有する請求項8に記載の気液接触装置。
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