WO2019205657A1 - 一种发声单体、发声模组及电子终端 - Google Patents

一种发声单体、发声模组及电子终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019205657A1
WO2019205657A1 PCT/CN2018/120386 CN2018120386W WO2019205657A1 WO 2019205657 A1 WO2019205657 A1 WO 2019205657A1 CN 2018120386 W CN2018120386 W CN 2018120386W WO 2019205657 A1 WO2019205657 A1 WO 2019205657A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
magnetic circuit
voice coil
diaphragm
sound emitting
emitting unit
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PCT/CN2018/120386
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
程汉龙
张成飞
刘春发
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歌尔股份有限公司
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Application filed by 歌尔股份有限公司 filed Critical 歌尔股份有限公司
Publication of WO2019205657A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019205657A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2400/00—Loudspeakers
    • H04R2400/11—Aspects regarding the frame of loudspeaker transducers

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of electroacoustic conversion technology, and more particularly, the present application relates to a sound emitting unit; the present application also relates to a sound emitting module and an electronic terminal using the sounding unit.
  • a speaker is an important acoustic component in an electronic device that is a transducer that converts an electrical signal into an acoustic signal.
  • the existing speaker module includes a housing, and a magnetic circuit system and a vibration system disposed within the housing.
  • the magnetic circuit system of the speaker may employ a single magnetic circuit structure, a dual magnetic circuit structure, a three magnetic circuit structure, or other structures well known to those skilled in the art.
  • a centering piece is usually provided on the lower surface of the diaphragm.
  • the centering piece is usually attached to the diaphragm, and the centering piece is bonded between the diaphragm and the voice coil or on the upper side of the diaphragm. The setting of the centering piece is difficult.
  • existing sounding monomers typically include a housing.
  • the housing is located on the diaphragm, causing the volume of the sounding monomer to be too large.
  • a sounding unit comprising a magnetic circuit system and a vibration system, the magnetic circuit system comprising a yoke and a central magnetic circuit portion and a side magnetic circuit portion disposed on the yoke, At least one of the central magnetic circuit portion and the side magnetic circuit portion includes a permanent magnet, and a magnetic gap is formed between the central magnetic circuit portion and the side magnetic circuit portion;
  • the vibration system includes a diaphragm, a voice coil, and a centering piece, one end of the voice coil is connected to the diaphragm, and the other end is inserted into the magnetic gap;
  • edge portion of the diaphragm is fixed above the side magnetic circuit portion
  • a projection of the diaphragm in its vibration direction is located within an outer contour of the magnetic circuit system
  • the centering piece includes a fixing portion that is held by the side magnetic circuit portion, a vibration portion that is connected to the voice coil, and a cantilever that connects the fixing portion and the vibration portion.
  • the side magnetic circuit portion includes a side magnet and an edge magnetic conductive plate disposed on an upper surface of the side magnet, and an edge portion of the diaphragm is fixed on an upper surface of the side magnetic conductive plate.
  • an edge of the upper surface of the edge magnetic conducting plate is provided with a gasket, and an edge portion of the diaphragm is fixed on the gasket.
  • a first flange is protruded from an edge of the edge magnetic conductive plate, and an edge portion of the diaphragm is fixed on the first flange.
  • a second flange is protruded from an edge of the edge magnetic conductive plate, and an outer edge of the yoke protrudes upwardly to provide a bent portion, and the second flange and the bent portion are opposite to each other. It is provided that the fixing portion is sandwiched between the second flange and the bent portion; the vibrating portion is connected to the free end of the voice coil.
  • the vibrating portion, the fixing portion and the cantilever of the centering piece are annularly sealed.
  • the central magnetic circuit portion has a rectangular structure as a whole, the side magnetic circuit portion is divided into four sides of the central magnetic circuit portion, and the two magnetic sides disposed on the short side of the rectangular structure are The road portions respectively pass through the annular interior of the centering struts.
  • the vibrating portion is fixed on an end surface of the free end or a side of the free end.
  • a third flange is protruded upwardly from an edge of the edge magnetic conductive plate, and a fourth flange is protruded downwardly from an edge of the gasket, and the fixing portion is clamped on the third flange and Between the fourth flanges; the vibrating portion is disposed between the diaphragm and the voice coil; or the vibrating portion is disposed at a side of one end of the voice coil that is connected to the diaphragm.
  • the centering piece is a conductive material
  • the vibrating portion includes a first pad electrically connected to a voice coil lead of the voice coil.
  • the centering piece includes a second pad for electrically connecting to an external circuit; the second pad is connected to the fixing portion along an outer side of the side magnetic circuit portion.
  • the second pad is disposed on a lower surface of the yoke.
  • the first pads are two, and one of them is connected to the incoming end of the voice coil lead, and the other is connected to the outgoing end of the voice coil lead; the second pad is two, two The second pad is connected in one-to-one correspondence with the two first pads.
  • the voice coil is wound by two voice coil leads, and the wire ends of the two voice coil wires are electrically connected to the same first pad, and the outlet ends of the two voice coil wires are electrically connected to the same The first pad is different, and the first pad electrically connected to the input end is different from the first pad electrically connected to the outgoing end.
  • the side magnetic conductive plate has a protrusion extending toward a portion close to the central magnetic circuit.
  • a sound emitting module comprising a module housing and a sound emitting unit provided by the present application installed in the module housing.
  • an electronic terminal comprising a terminal housing and a sound emitting unit mounted in the terminal housing or a sound emitting module mounted in the terminal housing.
  • the sounding unit does not need to separately provide a housing, which facilitates the development of miniaturization and thinning.
  • the vibration system can be effectively supported, and the polarization of the sounding monomer can be reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a sound emitting unit in accordance with the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of a sounding unit in accordance with the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a plan view of Figure 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of a sound emitting unit according to the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a view of another angle of Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of another sound emitting unit in accordance with the present application.
  • the present application provides a sound emitting unit.
  • the sounding unit of the present application includes a magnetic circuit system and a vibration system.
  • the magnetic circuit system may employ a single magnetic circuit structure, a dual magnetic circuit structure or a multi magnetic circuit structure well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the magnetic circuit system includes a yoke 1 and a central magnetic circuit portion and a side magnetic circuit portion disposed on the yoke 1, and at least one of the central magnetic circuit portion and the side magnetic circuit portion includes A permanent magnet, a magnetic gap is formed between the central magnetic circuit portion and the side magnetic circuit portion.
  • the side magnetic circuit portion may be integrally formed with the yoke 1 as a side wall portion formed at the edge of the yoke 1, and the central magnetic circuit portion may be a permanent magnet disposed at a central portion of the yoke 1 with the yoke 1
  • the side wall portion constitutes a magnetic gap of the magnetic circuit system.
  • the yoke 1 may have a flat plate structure or a basin structure
  • the central magnetic circuit portion includes a center magnet 2 mounted in a central region of the yoke 1
  • the side magnetic circuit portion includes a side magnet distributed at a side of the center magnet 2 3.
  • the side magnets 3 may be provided with two; of course, four may be provided, distributed around the center magnet 2, and a magnetic gap of the magnetic circuit system is formed between the four side magnets 3 and the center magnet 2.
  • the four side magnets 3 enclose an approximately rectangular structure, and an opening is formed between the adjacent two side magnets 3 to facilitate the extraction of the subsequent voice coil leads.
  • a central magnetic conductive plate 4 may be disposed on the upper surface of the central magnet 2, and the central magnetic conductive plate 4 may be bonded, for example.
  • the manner is fixed on the center magnet 2.
  • An edge magnetic conductive plate 5 may be disposed on the upper surface of the side magnet 3, wherein the side magnetic conductive plates 5 may be provided with four, which may be respectively fixed to the four side magnets 3 by bonding. It is also possible that the side magnetic conducting plate 5 has an integral annular structure and is bonded to the upper surface of the four side magnets 3.
  • the side magnetic conducting plate 5 has a projection 32 extending toward the central magnetic circuit portion.
  • a portion of the magnetic gap is formed between the projection 32 and the center magnetic conductive plate 4.
  • a gap is formed between the projection 32 and the voice coil 7 and between the voice coil 7 and the center magnetic conductive plate 4.
  • the magnetic gap includes a space between the side magnetic conductive plate 5 and the center magnetic conductive plate 4 and a space between the side magnet 3 and the center magnet 2.
  • the side magnetic conductive plate 5 and the central magnetic conductive plate 4 can gather the magnetic field of the magnetic circuit system, thereby increasing the magnetic field strength in the gap between the two, and driving the voice coil 7 more efficiently.
  • the projection 32 reduces the width of the magnetic gap, thereby increasing the magnetic induction intensity in the magnetic gap, and improving the BL value and vibration sensitivity of the sounding unit.
  • the vibration system of the present application includes a diaphragm 11, a voice coil 7, and a centering piece 9. One end of the voice coil 7 is connected to the diaphragm 11 and the other end projects into the magnetic gap.
  • the diaphragm 11 of the present application includes an edge portion at the edge, a central portion at the center, and a loop portion between the edge portion and the center portion.
  • the edge portion of the diaphragm 11 is fixed above the side magnetic circuit portion, for example, to the upper surface of the side magnetic conductive plate 5.
  • the edge of the side magnetic conducting plate 5 is protruded upwardly with a first flange 34, and the edge portion of the diaphragm is fixed to the first flange 34. Up is the direction away from the magnetic circuit system when the diaphragm 11 vibrates.
  • the first flange 34 provides space for the vibration of the diaphragm.
  • the diaphragm 11 can also be disposed above the side magnetically permeable plate 5 by means of a gasket 8, see Fig. 4, of course, the gasket 8 can also be supported on the yoke 1.
  • the diaphragm 11 can also adopt the planar diaphragm 11, which is common knowledge of those skilled in the art, and will not be further described herein.
  • the upper end of the voice coil 7 of the present application can be directly connected to the lower end of the vibrating portion. It is also possible that the vibrating portion is provided with a hollow structure, and the hollow structure is covered by the provided dome 6 . At this time, the upper end of the voice coil 7 may be connected to a region where the vibrating portion is not hollowed out, or may be directly connected to the lower end of the dome 6. The other end of the voice coil 7 needs to protrude into the magnetic gap of the magnetic circuit system, so that the voice coil 7 vibrates under the action of the magnetic lines of force.
  • the projection of the diaphragm 11 in its vibration direction lies within the outer contour of the magnetic circuit system.
  • This structure is connected to the conventional diaphragm 11 on the casing such that the projection of the diaphragm 11 in its vibration direction is different outside the outer contour range of the magnetic circuit system.
  • the sounding unit does not need to be provided with a separate housing, so that the sounding unit can be made smaller, conforming to the development trend of miniaturization and thinning of the electronic device.
  • the centering piece 9 includes a fixing portion 94 that is held by the magnetic circuit portion, a vibration portion that is connected to the voice coil 7, and a cantilever 93 that connects the fixing portion 94 and the vibration portion.
  • the centering piece 9 has elasticity, can effectively support the vibration system, and reduces or even avoids polarization of the sounding unit.
  • the edge of the side magnetic conductive plate 5 protrudes downwardly from the second flange 51, and the outer edge of the yoke 1 protrudes upwardly to provide a bent portion 12, the second flange 51 and The bent portions 12 are opposed to each other, and the fixing portion 94 of the centering piece 9 is sandwiched between the second flange 51 and the bent portion 12; the vibrating portion is connected to the free end 71 of the voice coil 7.
  • Downward refers to the direction in which the diaphragm 11 is close to the magnetic circuit system when it vibrates.
  • the second flange 51 and the bent portion 12 form a grip on the fixing portion 94, which makes the position of the centering piece 9 more fixed, and the connection of the centering piece 9 to the side magnetic path portion is stronger.
  • the edge of the side magnetic conductive plate 5 protrudes upwardly with a third flange, the edge of the gasket 8 protrudes downwardly with a fourth flange, and the fixing portion 94 is clamped at the third Between the flange and the fourth flange; the vibrating portion is disposed between the diaphragm and the voice coil; or the vibrating portion is disposed at a side of the end of the voice coil 7 that is connected to the diaphragm 11.
  • the third flange and the fourth flange form a grip on the fixing portion 94, which makes the position of the centering piece 9 more fixed, and the connection of the centering piece 9 to the side magnetic path portion is stronger.
  • the vibrating portion of the centering piece 9, the fixing portion 94, and the cantilever 93 are hermetically sealed.
  • the annular structure makes the supporting force of the centering piece larger, and the supporting force is more balanced, which can more effectively prevent the generation of polarization.
  • the cantilever 93 of the centering piece 9 occupies a part of the space, so that the side magnet 3 cannot be provided at the portion where the centering piece 9 is provided, so that the BL value of the sounding unit is lowered and the driving force is reduced.
  • the central magnetic circuit portion has a rectangular structure as a whole, and the magnetic circuit portion is disposed on four sides of the central magnetic circuit portion, and two magnetic circuit portions are disposed on the short side of the rectangular structure. Pass through the annular interior of the centering struts 9, respectively.
  • the two side magnets 3 pass through the corresponding ring structure, respectively.
  • the first side magnet 33 is located in the annular structure 95.
  • the magnetic circuit system has a larger magnetic induction intensity, thereby effectively improving the driving force of the vibration system, increasing the maximum amplitude of the sounding unit, and improving the vibration sensitivity.
  • the space inside the sounding unit can be fully utilized, and the volume of the sounding unit can be reduced.
  • the centering support 9 comprises a conductive material and the vibrating portion includes a first land 91 electrically connected to the voice coil lead of the voice coil 7.
  • the centering piece 9 includes a second land 92 for electrical connection with an external circuit; the second pad 92 is connected to the fixing portion 94 along the outer side of the side magnetic circuit portion.
  • the centering support 9 comprises a conductor material.
  • the PI layer is coated on the outside of the conductor material.
  • the centering struts are capable of providing stress, thereby reducing polarization.
  • the conductor material leaks the PI layer at the vibrating portion to form the first pad 91, the first pad 91 is electrically connected to the voice coil lead of the voice coil 7, and the PI layer is leaked outside the fixed portion to form the second pad 92,
  • the second pad 92 is electrically connected to an external circuit to provide a drive signal.
  • the outside is the side away from the center magnet.
  • the first pad 91 is suspended in the magnetic gap and is fixed to the free end 71 of the voice coil.
  • the free end 71 is the end of the voice coil 7 remote from the diaphragm 11.
  • the first pad 91 is bonded to the end face of the free end 71 or the outside of the free end 71 by glue.
  • the gap between the side magnet 3 and the center magnet 2 can be made narrower, so that the remaining space is used to increase the volume of the side magnet 3 and/or the center magnet 2;
  • the centering piece 9 does not occupy the vibration space.
  • the second pad 92 is disposed on the lower surface of the yoke 1. This eliminates the space perpendicular to the vibration direction and reduces the size of the sounding unit perpendicular to the vibration direction. And the reduced space is used to increase the mass of the center magnet 2 and/or the side magnet 3, so that the BL value of the sounding unit becomes large, and the driving force is enhanced.
  • the first pads 91 are two, and one of them is connected to the incoming end of the voice coil lead, and the other is connected to the outgoing end of the voice coil lead.
  • the second pads 92 are two, and the two second pads 92 are connected in one-to-one correspondence with the two first pads 91.
  • the two second pads 92 are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the external circuit. In this way, the centering piece can be used to connect the exit and the wire end of the voice coil lead, thereby making the welding of the voice coil lead easy.
  • the voice coil is wound by two voice coil leads, the wire ends of the two voice coil wires are electrically connected to the same first pad 91, and the outlet ends of the two voice coil leads are electrically connected to The same first pad 91, and the first pad electrically connected to the line terminal is different from the first pad electrically connected to the line end.
  • the winding of the voice coil is wound by two voice coil wires, and the two voice coil wires are connected in parallel, so that the two wires can be connected in parallel under the premise of the same resistance value, and the wire diameter is smaller than that of the single wire.
  • the thickness of the voice coil is thinner, the magnetic gap can be narrower, and the BL value is higher, thereby improving the sensitivity of the vibration system and improving the sound generation performance of the sounding unit.
  • each of the centering pieces 9 is for connecting one side of the rectangular diaphragm 11.
  • the two centering segments 9 are symmetrically distributed on opposite sides of the diaphragm 11.
  • One of the centering pieces 9 includes a vibrating portion, a fixing portion 94, and a cantilever 93.
  • the vibrating portion includes two first pads 91
  • the fixing portion 94 includes two second pads 92.
  • the centering piece 9 can provide stress and function as an electrical connection; the other centering piece includes a vibrating portion, a fixing portion, and a cantilever.
  • the first pad is not provided in the vibrating portion.
  • the second pad is not provided in the fixing portion.
  • two grooves are provided on the lower surface of the yoke 1. Two grooves are respectively located at adjacent two corners of the yoke 1. At least portions of the two second pads 92 are respectively embedded in the two grooves. Thus, the thickness of the two second pads 92 does not increase the height of the sounding unit, and the remaining space can be used to increase the volume of the magnetic circuit system, thereby increasing the BL value and vibration sensitivity of the sounding unit.
  • the centering piece 9 may be one.
  • the centering piece 9 has an integral structure.
  • the centering piece 9 comprises two functional zones, two functional zones and respectively corresponding to the opposite two sides of the rectangular diaphragm 11.
  • One of the functional areas is formed with a vibrating portion, a fixing portion and a cantilever, the vibrating portion includes a first pad, the fixing portion includes a second pad, the functional region can be electrically connected, and the other functional region is formed with a vibrating portion, a fixing portion, and cantilever.
  • This functional area is not used for conduction, but only provides the function of elasticity.
  • the centering fins 9 are two and correspond to the outlet end and the incoming end of the voice coil lead, respectively.
  • Each of the centering pieces 9 includes a vibrating portion, a fixing portion, and a cantilever, the vibrating portion includes a first pad 91, and the fixing portion 94 includes a second pad 92.
  • One of the two centering segments 9 is connected to the incoming end and the other is connected to the outgoing end.
  • the two centering segments provide symmetrical stress to the vibration system, effectively reducing the polarization of the product.
  • Those skilled in the art can set the elastic coefficient of the centering piece according to actual needs to effectively reduce the reaction force.
  • the side magnet 3 has an isosceles trapezoidal cross section.
  • the short bottom edge 31 of the side magnet 3 is close to the center magnet 2.
  • the short bottom edge 31 refers to the shorter one of the two bottom edges of the isosceles trapezoid.
  • the volume of the side magnet 3 of the isosceles trapezoid is larger, so that the magnetic induction intensity of the magnetic gap is larger, and the driving force of the voice coil 7 is improved.
  • the application also provides a sounding module.
  • the sound module includes a module housing and a sounding unit provided by the present application installed in the module housing.
  • the sounding module has the characteristics of good sound effect and high vibration sensitivity.
  • the application also provides an electronic terminal.
  • the electronic terminal includes a terminal housing, and a sound emitting unit provided by the present application installed in the terminal housing, or a sound emitting module provided by the present application installed in the terminal housing.

Abstract

本申请公开了一种发声单体以及发声模组。该单体包括磁路系统以及振动系统，磁路系统包括磁轭以及设置在磁轭上的中心磁路部分和边磁路部分，中心磁路部分和边磁路部分中的至少一个包含永磁体,中心磁路部分和边磁路部分之间形成磁间隙；振动系统包括振膜、音圈以及定心支片，音圈的一端连接在振膜上，另一端伸入至磁间隙中；振膜的边缘部固定在边磁路部分的上方；振膜在其振动方向上的投影位于磁路系统的外部轮廓范围内；定心支片包括固持于边磁路部分的固定部、与音圈相连的振动部及连接固定部及振动部的悬臂。发声单体不需要另外设置壳体，便于小型化、轻薄化的发展。通过设置定心支片，能有效地支撑振动系统，减小发声单体出现偏振。

Description

一种发声单体、发声模组及电子终端 技术领域
本申请涉及电声转换技术领域，更具体地，本申请涉及一种发声单体；本申请还涉及一种应用此发声单体的发声模组及电子终端。
背景技术
扬声器是电子设备中的重要声学部件，其为一种把电信号转变为声信号的换能器件。现有的扬声器模组包括外壳，以及设置在外壳内的磁路系统以及振动系统。扬声器的磁路系统可以采用单磁路结构、双磁路结构、三磁路结构或者本领域技术人员所熟知的其它结构。
其中，动圈式扬声器的偏振问题一直是非常难以解决的技术难题。为了解决偏振的问题，通常在振膜的下表面设置有定心支片。定心支片通常与振膜贴合在一起，定心支片被粘结在振膜与音圈之间或者振膜上侧，定心支片的设置难度大。
此外，现有的发声单体通常包括壳体。壳体位于振膜上，造成了发声单体的体积过大。
申请内容
本申请的一个目的是提供一种发声单体的新技术方案。
根据本申请的第一方面，提供了一种发声单体，包括磁路系统以及振动系统，所述磁路系统包括磁轭以及设置在磁轭上的中心磁路部分和边磁路部分，所述中心磁路部分和边磁路部分中的至少一个包含永磁体,所述中心磁路部分和边磁路部分之间形成磁间隙；
所述振动系统包括振膜、音圈以及定心支片，所述音圈的一端连接在振膜上，另一端伸入至所述磁间隙中；
其中，所述振膜的边缘部固定在所述边磁路部分的上方；
所述振膜在其振动方向上的投影位于所述磁路系统的外部轮廓范围内；
所述定心支片包括固持于所述边磁路部分的固定部、与音圈相连的振动部及连接所述固定部及振动部的悬臂。
可选地，所述边磁路部分包括边磁铁和设于所述边磁铁上表面的边导磁板，所述振膜的边缘部固定在所述边导磁板的上表面。
可选地，所述边导磁板的上表面的边缘设有垫圈，所述振膜的边缘部固定在所述垫圈上。
可选地，所述边导磁板的边缘向上突出设有第一凸缘，所述振膜的边缘部固定在所述第一凸缘上。
可选地，所述边导磁板的边缘向下突出设有第二凸缘，所述磁轭的外边缘向上突出设有弯折部，所述第二凸缘和所述弯折部相对设置，所述固定部夹持在所述第二凸缘和所述弯折部之间；所述振动部与所述音圈的自由端连接。
可选地，所述定心支片的振动部，固定部及悬臂密闭呈环形。
可选地，所述中心磁路部分的整体呈长方形结构，所述边磁路部分分设与所述中心磁路部分的四侧，且所述设置在长方形结构的短边侧的两个边磁路部分分别穿过所述定心支片的环形内部。
可选地，所述振动部被固定在所述自由端的端面上或者所述自由端的侧部。
可选地，所述边导磁板的边缘向上突出设有第三凸缘，所述垫圈的边缘向下突出设有第四凸缘，所述固定部夹持在所述第三凸缘和所述第四凸缘之间；所述振动部设置在所述振膜与所述音圈之间；或者，所述振动部设置在所述音圈的与振膜连接的一端的侧部。
可选地，所述定心支片为导电材料，且所述振动部包含有与所述音圈的音圈引线电连接的第一焊盘。
可选地，所述定心支片包含用于与外部电路电连接的第二焊盘；所述第二焊盘沿边磁路部分的外侧与所述固定部连接。
可选地，所述第二焊盘设置在所述磁轭的下表面。
可选地，所述第一焊盘为两个，并且其中一个与音圈引线的入线端连接，另一个与音圈引线的出线端连接；所述第二焊盘为两个，两个所述第二焊盘与两个所述第一焊盘一一对应连接。
可选地，所述音圈由两根音圈引线共同缠绕而成，两根音圈引线的入线端电连接至相同的第一焊盘，两根音圈引线的出线端电连接至相同的第一焊盘，且所述入线端电连接的第一焊盘与所述出线端电连接的第一焊盘不同。
可选地，所述边导磁板具有向靠近中心磁路部分延伸的凸出部。导磁板导磁板导磁板导磁板导磁板导磁板导磁板导磁板
根据本申请的第二方面，提供了一种发声模组，包括模组壳体以及安装在模组壳体内的本申请提供的发声单体。
根据本申请的第三方面，提供了一种电子终端，包括终端壳体以及安装在终端壳体内的发声单体，或者安装在终端壳体内的发声模组。
根据本公开的一个实施例，发声单体不需要另外设置壳体，便于小型化、轻薄化的发展。通过设置定心支片，能有效地支撑振动系统，减小发声单体出现偏振。
通过以下参考附图对本申请的示例性实施例的详细描述，本申请的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
被结合在说明书中并构成说明书的一部分的附图示出了本申请的实施例，并且连同其说明一起用于解释本申请的原理。
图1是根据本申请的发声单体的剖视图。
图2是根据本申请的发声单体一部分的剖视图。
图3是图2的俯视图。
图4是根据本申请的发声单体的结构示意图。
图5是图4另一个角度的视图。
图6是根据本申请的另一种发声单体的剖视图。
具体实施方式
现在将参考附图来详细描述本申请的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本申请的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本申请及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
参考图1-3，本申请提供了一种发声单体本申请的发声单体包括磁路系统以及振动系统。磁路系统可以采用本领域技术人员所熟知的单磁路结构、双磁路结构或者多磁路结构。例如在本申请一个具体的实施方式中，磁路系统包括磁轭1以及设置在磁轭1上的中心磁路部分和边磁路部分，中心磁路部分和边磁路部分中的至少一个包含永磁体,中心磁路部分和边磁路部分之间形成磁间隙。
例如边磁路部分可以与磁轭1是一体成型的，其为形成在磁轭1边缘的侧壁部，中心磁路部分可以是设置在磁轭1中心区域的永磁体，其与磁轭1的侧壁部构成了磁路系统的磁间隙。
还可以是，磁轭1可以采用平板状结构或者盆状结构，中心磁路部分包括安装在磁轭1中心区域的中心磁铁2，边磁路部分包括分布在中心磁铁2侧边位置的边磁铁3。边磁铁3可以设置有两个；当然也可以设置有四个，分布在中心磁铁2的四周，且四个边磁铁3与中心磁铁2之间形成了磁路系统的磁间隙。参考图3，四个边磁铁3围成了近似长方形的结构，且相邻两个边磁铁3之间形成有开口，便于后续音圈引线的引出。
参考图1-2，为了使磁路系统的磁感线可以聚集在磁间隙的附近，在中心磁铁2的上表面可以设置有中心导磁板4，该中心导磁板4例如可以通过粘接的方式固定在中心磁铁2上。在边磁铁3的上表面可设置有边导磁板5，其中，边导磁板5可以设置有四个，分别可通过粘接的方式固定在四个边磁铁3上。还可以是，边导磁板5采用一体的环状结构，同时粘接在四个边磁铁3的上表面。
优选地，边导磁板5具有向靠近中心磁路部分延伸的凸出部32。凸出部32与中心导磁板4之间形成磁间隙的一部分。凸出部32与音圈7之间以及音圈7与中心导磁板4之间形成间隙。需要说明的是，在该例子中，磁间隙包括边导磁板5和中心导磁板4之间的空间以及边磁铁3与中心磁铁2之间的空间。边导磁板5和中心导磁板4能够聚拢磁路系统的磁场，从而提高二者之间的间隙内的磁场强度，能够更有效地驱动音圈7。凸出部32使得磁间隙的宽度减小，从而提高磁间隙内的磁感强度，提高发声单体的BL值以及振动灵敏度。
本申请的振动系统包括振膜11、音圈7以及定心支片9。音圈7的一端连接在振膜11上，另一端伸入至磁间隙中。本申请的振膜11包括位于边缘的边缘部，位于中部的中心部，以及位于边缘部与中心部之间的折环部。振膜11的边缘部固定在边磁路部分的上方，例如固定在边导磁板5的上表面。例如，参考图6，边导磁板5的边缘向上突出设有第一凸缘34，振膜的边缘部固定在第一凸缘34上。向上是振膜11振动时远离磁路系统的方向。第一凸缘34为振膜的振动提供了空间。
振膜11还可以通过垫圈8设置在边导磁板5的上方，参考图4，当然垫圈8也可以支撑在磁轭1上。
当然，振膜11还可以采用平面型振膜11，这属于本领域技术人员的公知常识，在此不再具体赘述。
本申请音圈7的上端可以直接连接在振动部的下端。还可以是，振动部上设置有镂空结构，通过设置的球顶6将该镂空结构覆盖住。此时，音圈7的上端可以连接在振动部没有被镂空的区域，也可以直接连接在球顶6的下端。音圈7的另一端需要伸入至磁路系统的磁间隙中，使得音圈7 在磁力线的作用下发生振动。
在本申请中，振膜11在其振动方向上的投影位于磁路系统的外部轮廓范围内。这种结构与传统振膜11连接在壳体上，以至于使振膜11在其振动方向上的投影位于磁路系统的外部轮廓范围之外是不同的。在本申请中，发声单体不需要另外设置壳体，这样发声单体能够做的更小，顺应了电子设备小型化、轻薄化的发展趋势。
定心支片9包括固持于边磁路部分的固定部94、与音圈7相连的振动部及连接固定部94及振动部的悬臂93。定心支片9具有弹性，能有效地支撑振动系统，减小甚至避免发声单体出现偏振。
在本申请的一种具体实施方式中，边导磁板5的边缘向下突出设有第二凸缘51，磁轭1的外边缘向上突出设有弯折部12，第二凸缘51和弯折部12相对设置，定心支片9的固定部94夹持在第二凸缘51和弯折部12之间；振动部与音圈7的自由端71连接。向下是指振膜11振动时靠近磁路系统的方向。第二凸缘51和弯折部12形成了对固定部94的夹持，这使得定心支片9的位置更加固定，定心支片9与边磁路部分的连接更牢固。
在本申请的另一种具体实施方式中，边导磁板5的边缘向上突出设有第三凸缘，垫圈8的边缘向下突出设有第四凸缘，固定部94夹持在第三凸缘和第四凸缘之间；振动部设置在振膜与音圈之间；或者，振动部设置在音圈7的与振膜11连接的一端的侧部。第三凸缘和第四凸缘形成了对固定部94的夹持，这使得定心支片9的位置更加固定，定心支片9与边磁路部分的连接更牢固。
优选地，定心支片9的振动部，固定部94及悬臂93密闭呈环形。环形结构使得定心支片的支撑力更大，并且支撑力的作用更均衡，能更有效地防止偏振的产生。
在现有技术中，定心支片9的悬臂93会占用部分空间，因而在设置定心支片9的部位无法设置边磁铁3，使得发声单体的BL值降低，驱动力减小。在本申请的一个优选的例子中，中心磁路部分的整体呈长方形结构，边磁路部分分设于中心磁路部分的四侧，且设置在长方形结构的短边侧的两个边磁路部分分别穿过定心支片9的环形内部。在该例子中，两个边磁 铁3分别穿过相对应的环形结构。参考图3，第一边磁铁33位于环形结构95中。在本申请实施例中，磁路系统具有更大的磁感强度，从而有效提高振动系统的驱动力，提高了发声单体的最大振幅，提升了振动灵敏度。
此外，通过这种方式能充分利用发声单体内部的空间，减小发声单体的体积。
本申请进一步优选的是，定心支片9包括导电材料，且振动部包含有与音圈7的音圈引线电连接的第一焊盘91。可选的是，定心支片9包含用于与外部电路电连接的第二焊盘92；第二焊盘92沿边磁路部分的外侧与固定部94连接。
例如，定心支片9包括导体材料。在导体材料外侧包覆有PI层。定心支片能够提供应力，从而使得偏振减小。此外，导体材料在振动部漏出PI层以形成第一焊盘91，第一焊盘91与音圈7的音圈引线导通；在固定部的外侧漏出PI层以形成第二焊盘92，第二焊盘92与外部电路电连接，从而提供驱动信号。外侧即远离中心磁铁的一侧。
参考图1-2，第一焊盘91悬空设置在磁间隙中，并且被固定在音圈的自由端71。自由端71即音圈7的远离振膜11的一端。
可选地，第一焊盘91通过胶被粘结在自由端71的端面上或者自由端71的外侧。当粘结在自由端71的端面上时，边磁铁3和中心磁铁2之间的间隙可以做得更窄，从而使剩余的空间用来增大边磁铁3和/或中心磁铁2的体积；当粘结在自由端71的外侧时，定心支片9不占用振动空间。上述两种方式均能使剩余的空间用来增大边磁铁3或中心磁铁2的体积，从而提高发声单体的BL值，提高振动系统的振幅，提高振动灵敏度。
进一步的，第二焊盘92设置在磁轭1的下表面。这样可以不占用垂直于振动方向的空间，减小了发声单体的垂直于振动方向的尺寸。并且减小的空间用于增加中心磁铁2和/或边磁铁3的质量，从而使得发声单体的BL值变大，驱动力增强。
在本申请一个具体实施方式中，参考图5，第一焊盘91为两个，并且其中一个与音圈引线的入线端连接，另一个与音圈引线的出线端连接。第二焊盘92为两个，两个第二焊盘92与两个第一焊盘91一一对应进行连接。 两个第二焊盘92分别与外部电路的正极和负极连接。通过这种方式，该一个定心支片能够用于连接音圈引线的出、入线端，从而使音圈引线的焊接变得容易。
本申请进一步优选地，音圈由两根音圈引线共同缠绕而成，两根音圈引线的入线端电连接至相同的第一焊盘91，两根音圈引线的出线端电连接至相同的第一焊盘91，且入线端电连接的第一焊盘与出线端电连接的第一焊盘不同。
这样一来，音圈的绕线采用两根音圈线共同缠绕，且两根音圈线并联在一起，这样两根引线并联可以在相同阻值的前提下，比单线的线径更细，使得音圈厚度更薄，磁间隙可以更窄，具有更高的BL值，进而提高振动系统的灵敏度，提高发声单体的发声性能。
在本申请一个具体实施方式中，参考图3，定心支片9为两个。每个定心支片9用于连接长方形的振膜11的一条边。两个定心支片9对称地分布在振膜11的相对的两条边上。其中一个定心支片9包括振动部、固定部94和悬臂93。振动部包括两个第一焊盘91，固定部94包括两个第二焊盘92。该定心支片9能够提供应力以及起到电连接的作用；另一个定心支片包括振动部、固定部和悬臂。振动部未设置第一焊盘。固定部未设置第二焊盘。这种方式能够提供对称的应力，从而降低发声单体的偏振，提高发声模组的XMAX(最大振幅)，并且简化电连接结构。
在用于电连接的定心支片上，参考图5，在磁轭1的下表面设置有两个凹槽。两个凹槽分别位于磁轭1的相邻的两个角部。两个第二焊盘92的至少部分被分别嵌设在两个凹槽中。这样，两个第二焊盘92的厚度不会增加发声单体的高度，余下的空间能够用来提高磁路系统的体积，从而提高发声单体的BL值以及振动灵敏度。
也可以是，定心支片9为一个。该定心支片9呈整体结构。定心支片9包括两个功能区，两个功能区并且分别与长方形的振膜11的相对的两条边相对应。其中一个功能区形成有振动部、固定部和悬臂，振动部包括第一焊盘，固定部包括第二焊盘，该功能区能够实现电连接；另一个功能区形成有振动部、固定部和悬臂。该功能区不用于导通，只起到提供,弹力的 作用。
在其他实施方式中，定心支片9为两个，并且分别与音圈引线的出线端和入线端一一对应。每个定心支片9均包括振动部、固定部和悬臂，振动部包括第一焊盘91，固定部94包括第二焊盘92。两个定心支片9中的一个与入线端连接，另一个与出线端连接。
两个定心支片能够为振动系统提供对称的应力，从而有效降低产品的偏振。本领域技术人员可以根据实际需要设置定心支片的弹性系数，以有效地降低其反作用力。
在本申请的一个具体的实施方式中，参考图3，边磁铁3的横截面呈等腰梯形。边磁铁3的短底边31靠近中心磁铁2。短底边31是指等腰梯形的两个底边中较短的一个底边。与条形磁铁相比，等腰梯形的边磁铁3的体积更大，从而使磁间隙的磁感强度更大，提高了音圈7的驱动力。
本申请还提供了一种发声模组。该发声模组包括模组壳体以及安装在模组壳体内的本申请提供的发声单体。该发声模组具有声音效果好，振动灵敏度高的特点。
本申请还提供了一种电子终端。该电子终端包括终端壳体，以及安装在终端壳体内的本申请提供的发声单体，或者安装在终端壳体内的本申请提供的发声模组。
虽然已经通过例子对本申请的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上例子仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本申请的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本申请的范围和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本申请的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种发声单体，其特征在于：包括磁路系统以及振动系统，所述磁路系统包括磁轭以及设置在磁轭上的中心磁路部分和边磁路部分，所述中心磁路部分和边磁路部分中的至少一个包含永磁体,所述中心磁路部分和边磁路部分之间形成磁间隙；
    所述振动系统包括振膜、音圈以及定心支片，所述音圈的一端连接在振膜上，另一端伸入至所述磁间隙中；
    其中，所述振膜的边缘部固定在所述边磁路部分的上方；
    所述振膜在其振动方向上的投影位于所述磁路系统的外部轮廓范围内；
    所述定心支片包括固持于所述边磁路部分的固定部、与音圈相连的振动部及连接所述固定部及振动部的悬臂。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的发声单体，其特征在于，所述边磁路部分包括边磁铁和设于所述边磁铁上表面的边导磁板，所述振膜的边缘部固定在所述边导磁板的上表面。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的发声单体，其特征在于，
    所述边导磁板的上表面的边缘设有垫圈，所述振膜的边缘部固定在所述垫圈上。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的发声单体，其特征在于，
    所述边导磁板的边缘向上突出设有第一凸缘，所述振膜的边缘部固定在所述第一凸缘上。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的发声单体，其特征在于，所述边导磁板的边缘向下突出设有第二凸缘，所述磁轭的外边缘向上突出设有弯折部，所述第二凸缘和所述弯折部相对设置，所述固定部夹持在所述第二凸 缘和所述弯折部之间；所述振动部与所述音圈的自由端连接。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的发声单体，其特征在于，所述定心支片的振动部，固定部及悬臂密闭呈环形。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的发声单体，其特征在于：所述中心磁路部分的整体呈长方形结构，所述边磁路部分分设于所述中心磁路部分的四侧，且所述设置在长方形结构的短边侧的两个边磁路部分分别穿过所述定心支片的环形内部。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的发声单体，其特征在于，所述振动部被固定在所述自由端的端面上或者所述自由端的侧部。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的发声单体，其特征在于，所述边导磁板的边缘向上突出设有第三凸缘，所述垫圈的边缘向下突出设有第四凸缘，所述固定部夹持在所述第三凸缘和所述第四凸缘之间；所述振动部设置在所述振膜与所述音圈之间；或者，所述振动部设置在所述音圈的与振膜连接的一端的侧部。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的发声单体，其特征在于，所述定心支片包括导电材料，且所述振动部包含有与所述音圈的音圈引线电连接的第一焊盘。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述的发声单体，其特征在于，所述定心支片包含用于与外部电路电连接的第二焊盘；所述第二焊盘沿边磁路部分的外侧与所述固定部连接。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11任一项所述的发声单体，其特征在于，所述第二焊盘设置在所述磁轭的下表面。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12任一项所述的发声单体，其特征在于：所述第一焊盘为两个，并且其中一个与音圈引线的入线端连接，另一个与音圈引线的出线端连接；所述第二焊盘为两个，两个所述第二焊盘与两个所述第一焊盘一一对应连接。
  14. 根据权利要求1-13任一项所述的发声单体，其特征在于，所述音圈由两根音圈引线共同缠绕而成，两根音圈引线的入线端电连接至相同的第一焊盘，两根音圈引线的出线端电连接至相同的第一焊盘，且所述入线端电连接的第一焊盘与所述出线端电连接的第一焊盘不同。
  15. 根据权利要求1-14任一项所述的发声单体，其特征在于：所述边导磁板具有向靠近中心磁路部分延伸的凸出部。
  16. 一种发声模组，其特征在于：包括模组壳体以及安装在模组壳体内的根据权利要求1至15任一项所述的发声单体。
  17. 电子终端，其特征在于：包括终端壳体，以及安装在终端壳体内的权利要求1至15任一项所述的发声单体，或者安装在终端壳体内的权利要求16所述的发声模组。
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