WO2019205099A1 - 电梯运行速度测量方法和系统 - Google Patents

电梯运行速度测量方法和系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019205099A1
WO2019205099A1 PCT/CN2018/084887 CN2018084887W WO2019205099A1 WO 2019205099 A1 WO2019205099 A1 WO 2019205099A1 CN 2018084887 W CN2018084887 W CN 2018084887W WO 2019205099 A1 WO2019205099 A1 WO 2019205099A1
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Prior art keywords
elevator
time
qth
floor
difference
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PCT/CN2018/084887
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曹建民
孙瑞泽
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深圳技术大学(筹)
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Priority to PCT/CN2018/084887 priority Critical patent/WO2019205099A1/zh
Priority to US16/412,410 priority patent/US20190330018A1/en
Publication of WO2019205099A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019205099A1/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66BELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/04Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions for detecting excessive speed
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66BELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B1/00Control systems of elevators in general
    • B66B1/34Details, e.g. call counting devices, data transmission from car to control system, devices giving information to the control system
    • B66B1/3492Position or motion detectors or driving means for the detector
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66BELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B3/00Applications of devices for indicating or signalling operating conditions of elevators
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01PMEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P11/00Measuring average value of speed
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01PMEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P3/00Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
    • G01P3/64Devices characterised by the determination of the time taken to traverse a fixed distance
    • G01P3/66Devices characterised by the determination of the time taken to traverse a fixed distance using electric or magnetic means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of elevator monitoring, and in particular to a method and a system for measuring the running speed of an elevator.
  • the running speed of the elevator is the basic parameter for designing the elevator, and it is also an important basis for judging whether the elevator is safe and reliable.
  • the elevator industry has been following the two methods of measuring the running speed of the car given in the GB/T10059-1997 "Elevator Test Method" standard implemented on October 1, 1998.
  • the accuracy of the method of measuring the speed of the traction rope by the speed measuring device is There is also the influence of factors such as whether the contact between the hoisting rope and the tachometer probe is reliable due to the oil stain and the jitter of the hoisting rope.
  • Some elevator monitoring systems use the elevator start time and elevator stop time to calculate the elevator running speed.
  • the elevator running process also includes the process of starting acceleration and stopping deceleration, which greatly increases the complexity of calculating the running speed of the elevator. Brings a lot of uncertainties, which leads to calculation and measurement errors.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a method and system for measuring the running speed of an elevator, which can solve the calculation complexity and the calculation error of measuring the running speed of the elevator.
  • the present invention provides a method for measuring an operating speed of an elevator, the method comprising:
  • Step 1 When the elevator is started on the starting floor, record the qth startup time of the elevator. When the elevator stops running at the qth destination floor, record the qth stop time and the qth floor number of the elevator, where the initial value of q is 1 And the number of the qth floors is not equal to any one of the number of floors 1 to q-1;
  • Step 2 calculating a qth time difference between the qth stop time and the qth start time
  • Step 4 If q is greater than or equal to Q, calculate the difference between the second to the Qth time difference and the first time difference, and the difference between the second to the second floor number and the first floor number, and calculate the operation of several elevators. Speed and find the average speed of the elevator running.
  • the present invention provides an elevator operating speed measuring system, the system comprising:
  • a recording module configured to record the qth start time of the elevator when the elevator is started on the starting floor, and record the qth stop time and the qth floor of the elevator when the elevator stops running at the qth end floor, wherein the initial value of q Is 1, and the number of the qth floors is not equal to any one of the number of floors 1 to q-1;
  • a first calculating module configured to calculate a qth time difference between the qth stop time and the qth start time
  • a second calculating module configured to calculate a difference between the second to the Qth time difference and the first time difference, and a difference between the second to the second floor number and the first floor number, respectively, if q is greater than or equal to Q, The running speed of the elevators and the average speed of the elevators.
  • the invention provides a method and system for measuring the running speed of an elevator. Since the qth time difference is calculated using the qth stop time and the qth start time, when q is greater than the statistical number Q, the difference between the 2nd to the Qth time difference and the 1st time difference, and the 2nd to Qth floor number and the The difference between the number of floors is calculated, and the running speeds of several elevators are calculated, and the average speed of the elevator operation is obtained, which reduces the error.
  • the first to the Qth time difference is the total time when the elevator runs once, including the starting acceleration time of the elevator, the braking deceleration time and the crawling time, etc., the difference between the second to the Qth time difference and the first time difference is calculated, respectively.
  • the elevator acceleration time, braking deceleration time and crawling time can be eliminated, so the calculated running speed of the elevator is not affected by the starting acceleration time, braking deceleration time and crawling time of the elevator running, which greatly simplifies the calculation. Method and amount of calculation.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for measuring an operating speed of an elevator according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an elevator driving time according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an elevator driving distance according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an elevator running speed measuring system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a method and system for measuring the running speed of an elevator. Since the qth time difference is calculated using the qth stop time and the qth start time, when q is greater than the statistical number Q, the difference between the 2nd to the Qth time difference and the 1st time difference, and the 2nd to Qth floor number and the The difference between the number of floors is calculated, and the running speeds of several elevators are calculated, and the average speed of the elevator operation is obtained, which reduces the error.
  • the first to the Qth time difference is the total time of the elevator running once, including the starting acceleration time of the elevator, the braking deceleration time and the crawling time, etc.
  • the difference between the second to the Qth time difference and the first time difference is calculated respectively.
  • the elevator acceleration time, braking deceleration time and crawling time can be eliminated, so the calculated running speed of the elevator is not affected by the starting acceleration time, braking deceleration time and crawling time of the elevator running, which greatly simplifies the calculation. Method and amount of calculation.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart diagram of a method for measuring an operating speed of an elevator according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, the steps of the elevator running speed measuring method include:
  • Step 1 When the elevator is started on the starting floor, record the qth start time of the elevator. When the elevator stops running at the qth end floor, record the qth stop time and the qth floor of the elevator, where the initial value of q is 1. And the number of qth floors is not equal to any one of the number of floors 1 to q-1;
  • Step 2 calculating a qth time difference between the qth stop time and the qth start time
  • Step 4 If q is greater than or equal to Q, calculate the difference between the second to the Qth time difference and the first time difference, and the difference between the second to the second floor number and the first floor number, and calculate the operation of several elevators. Speed and find the average speed of the elevator running.
  • step 4 includes:
  • T p represents the p-th time difference
  • T 1 represents the first time difference
  • v represents the operating speed of the elevator
  • N p represents the number of floors p
  • N 1 represents the number of floors
  • h represents floor height data, where p is the value It is any one of 2 to Q.
  • the first to the Qth start times indicate the time when the display arrow of the elevator up is lit, or the time when the start signal of the elevator is taken out of the elevator communication port.
  • the first to the Qth stop times indicate the time when the display arrow of the elevator up is turned off, or the time when the stop signal of the elevator is taken out from the elevator communication port.
  • the difference between the second to the Qth floor and the first floor is greater than one floor.
  • the conventional elevator operation process includes four processes of elevator start acceleration, average speed operation, brake deceleration, and crawling, and the travel time composition is as shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 2 is an elevator provided by the first embodiment of the present invention. Schematic diagram of travel time. among them:
  • t 1 is the start acceleration time. At this time, the traction motor accelerates the elevator car with a large acceleration.
  • (2) t 2 is the uniform motion time.
  • the speed at this time is related to the rated speed of the traction motor, which is the elevator operating speed v to be measured in the present invention.
  • t 3 is the brake deceleration time. At this time, the traction motor is decelerated by the brake.
  • t 4 is the crawling time. For comfort, the elevator approaches the landing floor at creep speed.
  • the elevator travel time T is:
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the driving distance of the elevator according to the first embodiment of the present invention. among them:
  • h 1 is the starting acceleration distance. Generally less than one floor.
  • (2) h 2 is a uniform moving distance. This is the main part of the elevator operation.
  • h 3 is the brake deceleration distance. Generally less than one floor.
  • (4) h 4 is the crawling distance. Generally less than 2 meters.
  • the elevator driving distance H is:
  • the number of floors in the elevator operation corresponds to the number of floors from the start to the stop of the elevator.
  • N indicates the number of floors on the starting floor
  • N 1 indicates the number of floors on the terminal floor (here, the number of floors)
  • the floor height is h.
  • the corresponding driving time is T 1 .
  • t 1 , t 3 , t 4 or h 1 , h 3 , h 4 are difficult to measure accurately, which brings great difficulty in calculating the running speed v of the elevator.
  • the number of statistics is 2.
  • N the number of floors of the stopping floor
  • N 2 the number of second floors
  • the operating speed v of the elevator can be easily calculated according to formula (5).
  • the number of statistics is 3.
  • the other driving distance of the elevator is measured.
  • the number of floors of the starting floor is N
  • the number of floors of the stopping floor is N 3 (here, the number of floors 3)
  • the floor height data h and the running speed v of the elevator can be calculated indirectly.
  • the difference between the second to the Qth floor and the first floor is greater than one floor. This is because the total distance between the start, brake and crawling of the elevator is between 1-2 layers. If the difference is less than or equal to 1, the elevator may start to brake without starting to a constant speed, and the measured running error is large.
  • the first to the Qth start time indicates the time when the display arrow of the elevator is on, and the first to the Qth stop time indicate the time when the display arrow of the elevator is turned off; if not, the scene is not present.
  • the monitoring system can be utilized, the first to the Qth start time is the time when the start signal of the elevator is taken out from the elevator communication port, and the first to the Qth stop time are the time when the stop signal of the elevator is taken out from the elevator communication port. If the floor has a similar fire protection layer (that is, the floor height is inconsistent), the measurement should avoid the fire protection layer and select the floors with the same height on each floor to make the measurement results more accurate.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the test is simple.
  • the GB/T 10059-1997 standard is not required to give the gear ratio, motor diameter, speed and other parameters in the method. It is only necessary to measure the travel time of the elevator to calculate the running speed of the elevator.
  • the operation of the elevator can be detected for a long time, especially through the monitoring system, the elevator running speed can be monitored for a long time. Any kind of aging or failure of the elevator can be reflected in the change in the operating speed of the elevator. If the speed change of the elevator exceeds the internationally prescribed range, the elevator maintenance unit can be alerted to ensure the safe operation of the elevator.
  • the safety of elevator use is closely related to the safety of residents' lives and property. Monitoring the elevator operation data is a powerful means to improve the safe operation level of the elevator and regulate the market. It is also of great social significance for improving elevator quality, service level and reducing accidents.
  • the qth time difference is calculated by using the qth stop time and the qth start time, when q is greater than the statistical number Q, the difference between the 2nd to the Qth time difference and the 1st time difference is calculated, respectively, and the second The difference between the number of the Qth floor and the number of the first floor is calculated, and the running speeds of several elevators are calculated, and the average speed of the elevator operation is obtained, and the error is reduced.
  • the first to the Qth time difference is the total time of the elevator running once, including the starting acceleration time of the elevator, the braking deceleration time and the crawling time, etc., the difference between the second to the Qth time difference and the first time difference is calculated respectively.
  • the elevator acceleration time, braking deceleration time and crawling time can be eliminated, so the calculated running speed of the elevator is not affected by the starting acceleration time, braking deceleration time and crawling time of the elevator running, which greatly simplifies the calculation. Method and amount of calculation.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an elevator running speed measuring system according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, the system includes:
  • the recording module 41 is configured to record the qth start time of the elevator when the elevator is started on the starting floor, and record the qth stop time and the qth floor of the elevator when the elevator stops running at the qth end floor, where the initial of q The value is 1, and the number of qth floors is not equal to any of the number of floors 1 to q-1;
  • the first calculating module 42 is configured to calculate a qth time difference between the qth stop time and the qth start time;
  • the second calculating module 44 is configured to calculate a difference between the second to the Qth time difference and the first time difference, and a difference between the second to the second floor number and the first floor number, respectively, if q is greater than or equal to Q, and calculate The running speed of several elevators and the average speed of the elevator operation.
  • the second calculating module 44 is further configured to:
  • T p represents the p-th time difference
  • T 1 represents the first time difference
  • v represents the operating speed of the elevator
  • N p represents the number of floors p
  • N 1 represents the number of floors
  • h represents floor height data, where p is the value It is any one of 2 to Q.
  • the first to the Qth start times indicate the time when the display arrow of the elevator up is lit, or the time when the start signal of the elevator is taken out of the elevator communication port.
  • the first to the Qth stop times indicate the time when the display arrow of the elevator up is turned off, or the time when the stop signal of the elevator is taken out from the elevator communication port.
  • the difference between the second to the Qth floor and the first floor is greater than one floor.
  • the qth time difference is calculated by using the qth stop time and the qth start time, when q is greater than the statistical number Q, the difference between the 2nd to the Qth time difference and the 1st time difference is calculated, respectively, and the second The difference between the number of the Qth floor and the number of the first floor is calculated, and the running speeds of several elevators are calculated, and the average speed of the elevator operation is obtained, and the error is reduced.
  • the first to the Qth time difference is the total time of the elevator running once, including the starting acceleration time of the elevator, the braking deceleration time and the crawling time, etc., the difference between the second to the Qth time difference and the first time difference is calculated respectively.
  • the elevator acceleration time, braking deceleration time and crawling time can be eliminated, so the calculated running speed of the elevator is not affected by the starting acceleration time, braking deceleration time and crawling time of the elevator running, which greatly simplifies the calculation. Method and amount of calculation.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Indicating And Signalling Devices For Elevators (AREA)
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Abstract

一种电梯运行速度测量方法和系统,该方法在起始楼层启动电梯时记录电梯的第q启动时间,当电梯在第q终点楼层停止运行时记录电梯的第q停止时间和第q楼层数,利用第q停止时间与第q启动时间计算第q时间差,若q小于统计次数Q,则记q=q+1,并返回执行在起始楼层启动电梯的步骤;若q大于等于统计次数Q,则分别计算第2至第Q时间差与第1时间差的差值,和第2至第Q楼层数与第1楼层数的差值,计算得到若干个电梯的运行速度,并求取电梯运行的平均速度;该方法能够减小误差,且由于通过计算第2至第Q时间差与第1时间差的差值来计算电梯的运行速度,消去了电梯的启动、制动和爬行等时间,简化了计算方法和计算量。

Description

电梯运行速度测量方法和系统 技术领域
本发明涉及电梯监测领域,尤其涉及一种电梯运行速度测量方法和系统。
背景技术
电梯运行速度是设计电梯的基本参数,也是判断在用电梯是否安全可靠的一个重要依据。目前电梯行业一直沿用1998年10月1日起实施的GB/T10059-1997《电梯试验方法》标准中给出的两种测量轿厢运行速度方法。显而易见,在这个无齿轮曳引驱动的时代,由测量曳引电机的转速而间接计算电梯轿厢运行速度的方法已经不可行了,然而用测速装置测量曳引绳速度这一方法的准确度,也存在因曳引绳的油污及抖动而影响曳引绳与转速表探头接触是否可靠等因素的影响。一些电梯监测系统采用测量电梯启动时间与电梯停止时间,来计算电梯运行速度,但是电梯运行过程中还包括了启动加速和停止减速等过程,大大加大了计算电梯运行速度的复杂性,也难免带来很多不确定因素,从而带来计算和测量误差。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种电梯运行速度测量方法和系统,可以解决测量电梯运行速度的计算复杂度和计算误差性。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供一种电梯运行速度测量方法,所述方法包括:
步骤1、在起始楼层启动电梯时,记录电梯的第q启动时间,当电梯在第q终点楼层停止运行时,记录电梯的第q停止时间和第q楼层数,其中q的初始 值为1,且所述第q楼层数不等于第1至第q-1楼层数中的任一个;
步骤2、计算所述第q停止时间与所述第q启动时间的第q时间差;
步骤3、若q小于Q,则记q=q+1,并返回执行步骤1,其中,Q表示预设统计次数,且若能获取到楼层高度数据,则Q为正整数且大于等于2,若不能获取到所述楼层高度数据,则Q为正整数且大于等于3;
步骤4、若q大于等于Q,则分别计算第2至第Q时间差与第1时间差的差值,和第2至第Q楼层数与第1楼层数的差值,计算得到若干个电梯的运行速度,并求取电梯运行的平均速度。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供一种电梯运行速度测量系统,所述系统包括:
记录模块,用于在起始楼层启动电梯时,记录电梯的第q启动时间,当电梯在第q终点楼层停止运行时,记录电梯的第q停止时间和第q楼层数,其中q的初始值为1,且所述第q楼层数不等于第1至第q-1楼层数中的任一个;
第一计算模块,用于计算所述第q停止时间与所述第q启动时间的第q时间差;
返回模块,用于若q小于Q,则记q=q+1,并返回记录模块,其中,Q表示预设统计次数,且若能获取到楼层高度数据,则Q为正整数且大于等于2,若不能获取到所述楼层高度数据,则Q为正整数且大于等于3;
第二计算模块,用于若q大于等于Q,则分别计算第2至第Q时间差与第1时间差的差值,和第2至第Q楼层数与第1楼层数的差值,计算得到若干个电梯的运行速度,并求取电梯运行的平均速度。
本发明提供一种电梯运行速度测量方法和系统。由于利用第q停止时间与第q启动时间计算第q时间差,当q大于统计次数Q时,分别计算第2至第Q时间差与第1时间差的差值,和第2至第Q楼层数与第1楼层数的差值,计算得到若干个电梯的运行速度,并求取电梯运行的平均速度,减少了误差。同时由于第1至第Q时间差是电梯运行一次的总时间,包括了电梯的启动加速时间、 制动减速时间和爬行时间等,而分别计算第2至第Q时间差与第1时间差的差值,能将电梯的启动加速时间、制动减速时间和爬行时间等消去,因此计算得到的电梯的运行速度不受电梯运行的启动加速时间、制动减速时间和爬行时间等的影响,大大简化了计算方法和计算量。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明第一实施例提供的一种电梯运行速度测量方法的流程示意图;
图2为本发明第一实施例提供的电梯行车时间示意图;
图3为本发明第一实施例提供的电梯行车距离示意图;
图4为本发明第二实施例提供的一种电梯运行速度测量系统的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使得本发明的发明目的、特征、优点能够更加的明显和易懂,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而非全部实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
由于现有技术中存在测量电梯运行速度的计算复杂度和计算误差性的技术问题。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提出一种电梯运行速度测量方法和系统。由于利用第q停止时间与第q启动时间计算第q时间差,当q大于统计次数Q 时,分别计算第2至第Q时间差与第1时间差的差值,和第2至第Q楼层数与第1楼层数的差值,计算得到若干个电梯的运行速度,并求取电梯运行的平均速度,减少了误差。同时由于第1至第Q时间差是电梯运行一次的总时间,包括了电梯的启动加速时间、制动减速时间和爬行时间等,而分别计算第2至第Q时间差与第1时间差的差值,能将电梯的启动加速时间、制动减速时间和爬行时间等消去,因此计算得到的电梯的运行速度不受电梯运行的启动加速时间、制动减速时间和爬行时间等的影响,大大简化了计算方法和计算量。
请参阅图1,为本发明第一实施例提供的一种电梯运行速度测量方法的流程示意图。具体的,该电梯运行速度测量方法的步骤包括:
步骤1:在起始楼层启动电梯时,记录电梯的第q启动时间,当电梯在第q终点楼层停止运行时,记录电梯的第q停止时间和第q楼层数,其中q的初始值为1,且第q楼层数不等于第1至第q-1楼层数中的任一个;
步骤2、计算第q停止时间与第q启动时间的第q时间差;
步骤3、若q小于Q,则记q=q+1,并返回执行步骤1,其中,Q表示预设统计次数,且若能获取到楼层高度数据,则Q为正整数且大于等于2,若不能获取到楼层高度数据,则Q为正整数且大于等于3;
步骤4、若q大于等于Q,则分别计算第2至第Q时间差与第1时间差的差值,和第2至第Q楼层数与第1楼层数的差值,计算得到若干个电梯的运行速度,并求取电梯运行的平均速度。
进一步的,步骤4的具体步骤包括:
按照如下公式分别计算第2至第Q时间差与第1时间差的差值,和第2至第Q楼层数与第1楼层数的差值,计算得到若干个电梯的运行速度,并求取电梯运行的平均速度:
(T p-T 1)v=(|N p-N 1|)h
其中,T p表示第p时间差,T 1表示第1时间差,v表示电梯的运行速度,N p 表示第p楼层数,N 1表示第1楼层数,h表示楼层高度数据,其中,p取值为2至Q中的任意一个。
进一步的,第1至第Q启动时间表示电梯上行的显示箭头点亮的时间,或者为电梯通讯口取出电梯的启动信号发出的时间。
进一步的,第1至第Q停止时间表示电梯上行的显示箭头熄灭的时间,或者为从电梯通讯口取出电梯的停止信号发出的时间。
进一步的,第2至第Q终点楼层与第1终点楼层的差值均大于1层。
需要说明的是,常规电梯运行过程包括电梯启动加速、均速运行、制动减速、爬行等四个过程,其行车时间组成如图2所示,图2为本发明第一实施例提供的电梯行车时间示意图。其中:
(1)t 1为启动加速时间。此时曳引电机以较大的加速度带动电梯轿厢加速。
(2)t 2为匀速运动时间。此时速度和曳引电机的额定转速相关,是本发明中要测量的电梯运行速度v。
(3)t 3为制动减速时间。此时曳引电机以制动减速。
(4)t 4为爬行时间。为了舒适性,电梯以爬行速度接近停靠楼层。
综上所述,电梯行车时间T为:
T=t 1+t 2+t 3+t 4   (1)
对应电梯的行车距离组成如图3所示,图3为本发明第一实施例提供的电梯行车距离示意图。其中:
(1)h 1为启动加速距离。一般小于一个楼层。
(2)h 2为匀速运动距离。这是电梯运行的主要部分。
(3)h 3为制动减速距离。一般小于一个楼层。
(4)h 4为爬行距离。一般小于2米。
综上所述,电梯行车距离H为:
H=h 1+h 2+h 3+h 4   (2)
电梯运行楼层数的变化分别对应电梯从启动到停止的楼层数,分别用N表示起始楼层的楼层数,及N 1表示终点楼层的楼层数(这里指第1楼层数),楼层高为h,则电梯行车距离为H 1=(|N 1-N|)h,对应的行车时间为T 1。利用公式(2)和公式(1)可以计算得到关于电梯均速运行的公式:
(T 1-t 1-t 3-t 4)v=(|N 1-N|)h-h 1-h 3-h 4   (3)
其中,t 1、t 3、t 4或者h 1、h 3、h 4都很难准确测量,从而给计算电梯运行速度v带来了很大的困难。
在此基础上,以统计次数为2举例。测试电梯的另一段行车距离,对应的起始楼层的楼层数为N、停止楼层的楼层数为N 2(这里指第2楼层数),则电梯的行车距离为H 2=(|N 2-N|)h,对应的行车时间为T 2,则:
(T 2-t 1-t 3-t 4)v=(|N 2-N|)h-h 1-h 3-h 4   (4)
在不同的运行距离,但同样的环境条件下,电梯的启动加速时间t 1、制动减速时间t 3和爬行时间t 4,及对应的启动加速距离h 1、制动减速距离h 3和爬行距离h 4均是不变的,因此公式(4)减去公式(3)得到:
(T 2-T 1)v=(|N 2-N 1|)h   (5)
根据公式(5)可轻松地计算得到电梯的运行速度v。
值得注意的是,当预设统计次数为2时,若要利用公式(5)计算得到电梯的运行速度v,则必须获取到楼层高度数据。当预设统计次数大于2,且楼层高度数据可获取时,可利用公式(T p-T 1)v=(|N p-N 1|)h(与公式(5)的原理相同,包括公式(5)),将p取值为2至Q中的任意一个,计算得到Q-1个电梯的运行速度,去掉Q-1个电梯的运行速度中误差较大的运行速度,利用剩余的运行速度计算得到电梯运行的平均速度。
需要说明的是,若楼层高度数据无法直接获取,则利用公式(5)无法计算得到电梯的运行速度,此时需要在联立一个公式求解,且统计次数需大于2。
具体的,以统计次数为3举例。在测得公式(5)的基础上,测量电梯的另 一段行车距离,起始楼层的楼层数为N、停止楼层的楼层数为N 3(这里指第3楼层数),则电梯的行车距离为H 3=(|N 3-N|)h,对应的行车时间为T 3,则有:
(T 3-t 1-t 3-t 4)v=(|N 3-N|)h-h 1-h 3-h 4   (6)
使公式(6)减公式(3)可以得到:
(T 3-T 1)v=(|N 3-N 1|)h   (7)
利用公式(5)与公式(7)组成二元一次方程,可间接计算出楼层高度数据h与电梯的运行速度v。
值得注意的是,当预设统计次数大于等于3且无法获取到楼层高度数据时,利用公式(T p-T 1)v=(|N p-N 1|)h,将p取值为2至Q中的任意一个,得到Q-1个计算公式,联立其中任意两个,均可计算得到电梯的运行速度,去掉误差较大的运行速度,利用剩余的运行速度计算得到电梯运行的平均速度。
另外,为避免电梯行车途中有用户乘坐电梯的干扰,需要选择电梯空闲的时间进行测量。且,第2至第Q终点楼层与第1终点楼层的差值均大于1层。这是由于电梯启动、制动和爬行的总距离在1-2层之间,若差值小于等于1,则电梯可能没有启动到匀速就开始制动,测量的运行误差较大。启动电梯,开始计时时,若在现场,第1至第Q启动时间表示电梯上行的显示箭头点亮的时间,及第1至第Q停止时间表示电梯上行的显示箭头熄灭的时间;若不在现场,可利用监测系统,第1至第Q启动时间为从电梯通讯口取出电梯的启动信号发出的时间,及第1至第Q停止时间为从电梯通讯口取出电梯的停止信号发出的时间。若楼层有类似消防层(即楼层高度不一致)的情况,测量应避开消防层,选择各楼层高度一致的楼层,使测量结果更加准确。
进一步的,本发明存在以下的有益效果:
(1)测试简单。不需要GB/T 10059-1997标准给出方法中那些齿轮比、电机直径、转速等参数,只需要测量电梯的行车时间,就可以计算出电梯的运行速度。
(2)测试快速。去除电梯运行中启动、制动、爬行等复杂的过程,利用一个匀速运动公式就可以快速计算电梯运行的速度。
(3)有利于电梯的长期监测。采用本发明中的方法,可以对电梯的运行进行长期的检测,尤其是通过监测系统,可以长期监测电梯运行速度。电梯的任何一种老化或者故障都可以体现在电梯的运行速度的变化中。电梯的速度变化如果超过了国际规定的范围,就可告警给电梯维保单位进行检修,确保电梯安全运行。
电梯使用安全与居民的生命和财产安全息息相关。做好电梯运行数据的监测是提高电梯安全运行水平和规范市场的有力手段,也是对提高电梯质量、服务水平以及减少事故隐患,具有重要的社会意义。
在本发明实施例中,由于利用第q停止时间与第q启动时间计算第q时间差,当q大于统计次数Q时,分别计算第2至第Q时间差与第1时间差的差值,和第2至第Q楼层数与第1楼层数的差值,计算得到若干个电梯的运行速度,并求取电梯运行的平均速度,减少了误差。同时由于第1至第Q时间差是电梯运行一次的总时间,包括了电梯的启动加速时间、制动减速时间和爬行时间等,而分别计算第2至第Q时间差与第1时间差的差值,能将电梯的启动加速时间、制动减速时间和爬行时间等消去,因此计算得到的电梯的运行速度不受电梯运行的启动加速时间、制动减速时间和爬行时间等的影响,大大简化了计算方法和计算量。
请参阅图4,图4为本发明第二实施例提供的一种电梯运行速度测量系统的结构示意图。具体的,该系统包括:
记录模块41,用于在起始楼层启动电梯时,记录电梯的第q启动时间,当电梯在第q终点楼层停止运行时,记录电梯的第q停止时间和第q楼层数,其中q的初始值为1,且第q楼层数不等于第1至第q-1楼层数中的任一个;
第一计算模块42,用于计算第q停止时间与第q启动时间的第q时间差;
返回模块43,用于若q小于Q,则记q=q+1,并返回记录模块41,其中,Q表示预设统计次数,且若能获取到楼层高度数据,则Q为正整数且大于等于2,若不能获取到楼层高度数据,则Q为正整数且大于等于3;
第二计算模块44,用于若q大于等于Q,则分别计算第2至第Q时间差与第1时间差的差值,和第2至第Q楼层数与第1楼层数的差值,计算得到若干个电梯的运行速度,并求取电梯运行的平均速度。
进一步的,第二计算模块44还用于:
按照如下公式分别计算第2至第Q时间差与第1时间差的差值,和第2至第Q楼层数与第1楼层数的差值,计算得到若干个电梯的运行速度,并求取电梯运行的平均速度:
(T p-T 1)v=(|N p-N 1|)h
其中,T p表示第p时间差,T 1表示第1时间差,v表示电梯的运行速度,N p表示第p楼层数,N 1表示第1楼层数,h表示楼层高度数据,其中,p取值为2至Q中的任意一个。
进一步的,第1至第Q启动时间表示电梯上行的显示箭头点亮的时间,或者为电梯通讯口取出电梯的启动信号发出的时间。
进一步的,第1至第Q停止时间表示电梯上行的显示箭头熄灭的时间,或者为从电梯通讯口取出电梯的停止信号发出的时间。
进一步的,第2至第Q终点楼层与第1终点楼层的差值均大于1层。
需要说明的是,有关本发明第二实施例的相关说明可参阅本发明中第一实施例的相关说明,这里不再赘述。
在本发明实施例中,由于利用第q停止时间与第q启动时间计算第q时间差,当q大于统计次数Q时,分别计算第2至第Q时间差与第1时间差的差值,和第2至第Q楼层数与第1楼层数的差值,计算得到若干个电梯的运行速度,并求取电梯运行的平均速度,减少了误差。同时由于第1至第Q时间差是电梯 运行一次的总时间,包括了电梯的启动加速时间、制动减速时间和爬行时间等,而分别计算第2至第Q时间差与第1时间差的差值,能将电梯的启动加速时间、制动减速时间和爬行时间等消去,因此计算得到的电梯的运行速度不受电梯运行的启动加速时间、制动减速时间和爬行时间等的影响,大大简化了计算方法和计算量。
需要说明的是,本发明并不受所描述的动作顺序的限制,因为依据本发明,某些步骤可以采用其它顺序或者同时进行。其次,说明书中所描述的实施例均属于优选实施例,且在上述实施例中,对各个实施例的描述都各有侧重,某个实施例中没有详述的部分,可以参见其它实施例的相关描述。
以上为对本发明所提供的一种电梯运行速度测量方法和系统的描述,对于本领域的技术人员,依据本发明实施例的思想,在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处,综上,本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电梯运行速度测量方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:
    步骤1、在起始楼层启动电梯时,记录电梯的第q启动时间,当电梯在第q终点楼层停止运行时,记录电梯的第q停止时间和第q楼层数,其中q的初始值为1,且所述第q楼层数不等于第1至第q-1楼层数中的任一个;
    步骤2、计算所述第q停止时间与所述第q启动时间的第q时间差;
    步骤3、若q小于Q,则记q=q+1,并返回执行步骤1,其中,Q表示预设统计次数,且若能获取到楼层高度数据,则Q为正整数且大于等于2,若不能获取到所述楼层高度数据,则Q为正整数且大于等于3;
    步骤4、若q大于等于Q,则分别计算第2至第Q时间差与第1时间差的差值,和第2至第Q楼层数与第1楼层数的差值,计算得到若干个电梯的运行速度,并求取电梯运行的平均速度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述步骤4的具体步骤包括:
    按照如下公式分别计算第2至第Q时间差与第1时间差的差值,和第2至第Q楼层数与第1楼层数的差值,计算得到若干个电梯的运行速度,并求取电梯运行的平均速度:
    (T p-T 1)v=(|N p-N 1|)h
    其中,T p表示第p时间差,T 1表示所述第1时间差,v表示电梯的运行速度,N p表示第p楼层数,N 1表示所述第1楼层数,h表示所述楼层高度数据,其中,p取值为2至Q中的任意一个。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,第1至第Q启动时间表示电梯上行的显示箭头点亮的时间,或者为电梯通讯口取出电梯的启动信号发出的时间。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,第1至第Q停止时间表示电梯上行的显示箭头熄灭的时间,或者为从电梯通讯口取出电梯的停止信 号发出的时间。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,第2至第Q终点楼层与所述第1终点楼层的差值均大于1层。
  6. 一种电梯运行速度测量系统,其特征在于,所述系统包括:
    记录模块,用于在起始楼层启动电梯时,记录电梯的第q启动时间,当电梯在第q终点楼层停止运行时,记录电梯的第q停止时间和第q楼层数,其中q的初始值为1,且所述第q楼层数不等于第1至第q-1楼层数中的任一个;
    第一计算模块,用于计算所述第q停止时间与所述第q启动时间的第q时间差;
    返回模块,用于若q小于Q,则记q=q+1,并返回记录模块,其中,Q表示预设统计次数,且若能获取到楼层高度数据,则Q为正整数且大于等于2,若不能获取到所述楼层高度数据,则Q为正整数且大于等于3;
    第二计算模块,用于若q大于等于Q,则分别计算第2至第Q时间差与第1时间差的差值,和第2至第Q楼层数与第1楼层数的差值,计算得到若干个电梯的运行速度,并求取电梯运行的平均速度。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的系统,其特征在于,所述第二计算模块还用于:
    按照如下公式分别计算第2至第Q时间差与第1时间差的差值,和第2至第Q楼层数与第1楼层数的差值,计算得到若干个电梯的运行速度,并求取电梯运行的平均速度:
    (T p-T 1)v=(|N p-N 1|)h
    其中,T p表示第p时间差,T 1表示所述第1时间差,v表示电梯的运行速度,N p表示第p楼层数,N 1表示所述第1楼层数,h表示所述楼层高度数据,其中,p取值为2至Q中的任意一个。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的系统,其特征在于,第1至第Q启动时间表示电梯上行的显示箭头点亮的时间,或者为电梯通讯口取出电梯的启动信号 发出的时间。
  9. 根据权利要求6或7所述的系统,其特征在于,第1至第Q停止时间表示电梯上行的显示箭头熄灭的时间,或者为从电梯通讯口取出电梯的停止信号发出的时间。
  10. 根据权利要求6或7所述的系统,其特征在于,第1至第Q终点楼层与所述第1终点楼层的差值均大于1层。
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