WO2019196624A1 - 防窥膜及其制作方法、背光模组、显示装置 - Google Patents

防窥膜及其制作方法、背光模组、显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019196624A1
WO2019196624A1 PCT/CN2019/079079 CN2019079079W WO2019196624A1 WO 2019196624 A1 WO2019196624 A1 WO 2019196624A1 CN 2019079079 W CN2019079079 W CN 2019079079W WO 2019196624 A1 WO2019196624 A1 WO 2019196624A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
substrate
microlens
film
reflective layer
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Application number
PCT/CN2019/079079
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈家洛
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
京东方光科技有限公司
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Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司, 京东方光科技有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to US16/757,311 priority Critical patent/US11604306B2/en
Publication of WO2019196624A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019196624A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/0006—Arrays
    • G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/0006—Arrays
    • G02B3/0012—Arrays characterised by the manufacturing method
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/0006—Arrays
    • G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
    • G02B3/0056—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses arranged along two different directions in a plane, e.g. honeycomb arrangement of lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/005—Diaphragms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0051—Diffusing sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0055—Reflecting element, sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
    • G02B1/04—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of organic materials, e.g. plastics
    • G02B1/041—Lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B2207/00—Coding scheme for general features or characteristics of optical elements and systems of subclass G02B, but not including elements and systems which would be classified in G02B6/00 and subgroups
    • G02B2207/123—Optical louvre elements, e.g. for directional light blocking
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0053—Prismatic sheet or layer; Brightness enhancement element, sheet or layer

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a privacy film and a method of fabricating the same, a backlight module, and a display device.
  • the visual area of the anti-spy film is limited, so that when the display device applying the display device is displayed, the data displayed on the display screen of the display device can be specifically read by the user, and cannot be seen by others located beside the user, that is, Others can only see the dark display, which effectively protects the user's confidentiality and/or personal privacy.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a privacy preventing film and a manufacturing method thereof, a backlight module, and a display device.
  • a privacy film including a substrate, a light-emitting surface of the substrate is provided with a reflective layer, and a light-transmissive hole is disposed on the reflective layer; a microlens array; each of the light transmission holes respectively corresponding to at least one microlens in the microlens array; the microlens configured to control an exit direction of light emitted from the light exit surface of the substrate; or The microlens is configured to control an emission direction of light emitted from the light-emitting surface of the substrate and deflected in an axial direction of the microlens.
  • the axial spacing p of two adjacent microlenses is satisfied
  • n is the refractive index of the substrate
  • t is the thickness of the substrate.
  • the convexity correlation factor k of the microlens satisfies And
  • ⁇ is the total reflection angle of the substrate and h is the distance from the apex of the microlens to the reflective layer; and the viewing angle of the privacy film is inversely proportional to the convexity correlation factor k of the microlens.
  • the light transmission hole includes a circular hole or a polygonal hole
  • the center distance p' of the adjacent two of the light transmission holes is equal to the axial distance p of the adjacent two of the microlenses; and the axis of the microlens is perpendicular to the light incident surface of the substrate, and the corresponding The center of the light transmission hole.
  • the viewing angle correlation factor A of the privacy film is satisfied Where d is the aperture of the light-transmitting aperture; and the viewing angle of the privacy film is proportional to the viewing angle correlation factor A.
  • the array shape of the microlens array is hexagonal, square or rectangular; and the lens shape of the microlens is a spherical crown or an ellipsoidal crown.
  • the material of the substrate comprises polyethylene terephthalate or polycarbonate
  • the material of the microlens is the same as the material of the substrate; or the material of the microlens includes a UV curable adhesive or a photoresist.
  • a method of fabricating a privacy film for fabricating a privacy film comprising: providing a substrate; forming a reflective layer on a light incident surface of the substrate Forming a light-transmissive hole on the reflective layer; forming a microlens array on the light-emitting surface of the substrate such that each of the light-transmissive holes respectively correspond to at least one microlens in the microlens array;
  • the lens is configured to control an exit direction of the light emitted from the light exit surface of the substrate; or the microlens is used to control an exit direction of the light emitted from the light exit surface of the substrate, and deflected toward an axial direction of the microlens .
  • a backlight module that includes the privacy film.
  • a display device including the backlight module is provided.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective structural view of a privacy film according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a privacy film according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 3(a) and 3(b) are schematic diagrams showing optical signal propagation of light emitted from two different exit directions in a light-transmitting aperture provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 4(a), 4(b) and 4(c) are schematic diagrams showing three different structures of a reflective layer in a privacy film according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5( a ) is a diagram showing an effect of an exiting light intensity of a privacy film according to an embodiment of the present disclosure when the viewing angle correlation factor A is different;
  • FIG. 5(b) is a diagram showing an effect of an exiting light intensity of a privacy film according to an embodiment of the present disclosure when the convexity correlation factor k is different;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a backlight module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a sneak prevention of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a method for fabricating a privacy film according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a perforating film of an ultra-fine louver structure wherein a plurality of juxtaposed first resin strips are disposed on the substrate, and a second resin strip is disposed between each adjacent two first resin strips; wherein the first resin strip serves as a transmission
  • the second resin strip serves as an absorption unit, and the refractive index of the first resin strip is different from the refractive index of the second resin strip.
  • each of the second resin strips in the privacy film acts as an absorption unit, and although it is capable of absorbing light entering the interior thereof, partially blocking the light rays passing through the privacy film, thereby restricting the visible area of the privacy film.
  • the anti-peeping function of the anti-peep film is realized; however, the light absorption by the second resin strip is also easy to cause the light transmittance of the anti-peep film to be low, and the light-emitting intensity of the backlight module in which the anti-spy film is located is reduced.
  • the display effect of the display device where the peep film is located has an adverse effect.
  • the second resin strip and the first resin strip are staggered side by side, so that the privacy film can only be prevented from being in a plane perpendicular to the direction of the respective resin strips, that is to say, the privacy film can only be in one plane.
  • anti-peeping it is impossible to achieve a comprehensive anti-peeping film.
  • the anti-spy film provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a substrate 1 , the light-incident surface of the substrate 1 is provided with a reflective layer 3, and the reflective layer 3 is provided with a light-transmissive hole 30;
  • the light-emitting surface is provided with a microlens array; each of the light-transmissive holes 30 respectively corresponds to at least one microlens 20 in the microlens array; the microlens 20 is used to control the emission direction of the light emitted from the light-emitting surface of the substrate 1 to be unchanged; or
  • the microlens 20 is for controlling the emission direction of the light emitted from the light-emitting surface of the substrate 1 and deflecting in the axial direction of the microlens 20.
  • the substrate 1 is a transparent substrate, and is generally formed of a light transmissive resin material, for example, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polycarbonate (PC). t may be from about 10 ⁇ m to about 200 ⁇ m.
  • the light incident surface of the substrate 1 refers to the surface of the substrate 1 facing the backlight, that is, the light from which the backlight emits light enters the surface of the substrate 1.
  • the light-emitting surface of the substrate 1 refers to a surface of the substrate 1 facing away from the backlight, that is, a surface from which the light emitted from the backlight passes through the substrate 1 and exits the substrate 1.
  • the emitted light of the backlight is irradiated to the reflective layer 3 of the anti-peep film, and the emitted light of the backlight is distributed in a Lambertian state, and the emitted light of the backlight passes through the reflection.
  • the light-transmitting hole 30 of the layer 3 enters the substrate 1, under the refraction of the substrate 1, the emitted light of the backlight will be concentrated to a smaller solid cone angle in the corresponding region inside the substrate 1, and the solid cone angle is used as the The exit angle is emitted from the light exit surface of the substrate 1.
  • the light emitted from the light-emitting surface of the substrate 1 is controlled by the microlens 20 provided on the light-emitting surface of the substrate 1 so that the direction of the light emitted from the light-emitting surface of the substrate 1 remains unchanged, as shown in Fig. 3(a). It is shown that the emission direction of the light emitted from the light-emitting surface of the substrate 1 is deflected in the axial direction of the corresponding microlens 20, and as shown in FIG. 3(b), it is possible to ensure that the emitted light of the backlight passes through the privacy film to be three-dimensional.
  • the shape of the cone angle is emitted, and a small exit angle is maintained, so as to effectively limit the viewing angle of the display device where the anti-spy film is located, thereby realizing the all-round anti-spy of the display device, that is, the anti-spy function of the display device is not limited to one plane.
  • the anti-spy function of the display device is not limited to one plane.
  • the anti-spy film provided in this embodiment can reflect the light that is not incident on the light-transmitting hole 30 back into the backlight by using the reflective layer 3 disposed on the light-incident surface of the substrate 1 so that the portion of the light passes through.
  • the other optical components in the backlight module are scattered, refracted or reflected, they can be re-injected into the light-transmitting holes 30, which not only improves the utilization of the light emitted by the backlight, but also helps to improve the emission of the backlight module in which the anti-spy film is located.
  • the light intensity enables high-intensity display of the display device.
  • the axis of the above microlens 20 generally refers to the optical axis 21 of the microlens 20.
  • the emission direction can be kept constant or the emission direction can be deflected toward the axial direction of the microlens 20, and the refractive index of the microlens 20 should be the refractive index of the substrate 1.
  • the material of the microlens 20 can be the same as that of the substrate 1, and an approximate material such as a UV curable adhesive or a photoresist can also be used.
  • the shape of the array of the microlens array may be hexagonal, square or rectangular, and the lens shape of the microlens 20 in the microlens array may be a spherical shape such as a spherical crown or an ellipsoidal crown, but the embodiment of the present disclosure Not limited to this.
  • the number of the light-transmitting holes 30 can be designed as needed; the shape of the light-transmitting holes 30 can be circular or polygonal, etc., for example, a geometrically symmetrical figure.
  • an array of light transmission holes is disposed in the reflective layer 3.
  • the array shape of the array of light transmission holes can match the shape of the array of the above microlens array.
  • the center distance p' of the adjacent two light transmission holes 30 and the adjacent two microlenses 20 The axis spacings p are equal, that is, when the light transmission holes 30 are in one-to-one correspondence with the microlenses 20, the axis of the microlenses 20 is perpendicular to the light incident surface of the substrate 1 and passes through the center of the corresponding light transmission holes 30.
  • the aperture of the light-transmitting hole 30 is d, and the viewing angle correlation factor A of the anti-spy film is satisfied.
  • the viewing angle of the anti-spy film is proportional to the viewing angle correlation factor A; that is, the smaller the viewing angle correlation factor A is, the narrower the light intensity distribution from the peeping film through the light-transmitting hole 30 is, so The smaller the viewing angle of the peeping film, the better the anti-spying effect of the peeping film.
  • the effect of the exiting light intensity of the anti-peep film at different A values is shown in Figure 5(a).
  • the refractive index of the substrate 1 is n
  • the thickness of the substrate 1 is t
  • the axial distance p of two adjacent microlenses 20 in the microlens array can be The formula is obtained.
  • the total reflection angle of the substrate 1 is related to its refractive index n, and the total reflection angle of the substrate 1 is ⁇ .
  • the distance from the apex of the microlens 20 to the reflective layer 3 is h.
  • the convexity correlation factor k of the microlens 20 can be as follows: The formula is obtained, and the value of the convexity correlation factor k is satisfied.
  • the light emitted from the light exit surface of the substrate 1 can maintain its exit direction under the control of the microlens 20;
  • the light emitted from the light-emitting surface of the substrate 1 can be deflected toward the axial direction of the microlens 20 under the control of the microlens 20;
  • the viewing angle of the privacy film is inversely proportional to the convexity correlation factor k of the microlens 20, that is, the larger the convexity correlation factor k of the microlens 20, the more convex the microlens 20 is, so that it exits through the microlens 20
  • the effect of the exiting light intensity of the peeping film at different k values is shown in Figure 5(b).
  • the structural design of the anti-spy film needs to comprehensively consider the values of the visual angle correlation factor A and the convexity correlation factor k of the microlens 20, so as to ensure or improve the basis of the light intensity of the backlight module in which the anti-spy film is located. On, get better anti-sheep performance.
  • the reflective layer 3 may have a high reflectivity film layer structure such as a silver coating layer, an aluminum coating layer or a silver-aluminum composite layer.
  • the thickness of the reflective layer 3 can be set autonomously according to actual needs, such as a film as shown in FIG. 4(a), or a reflective film having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m as shown in FIGS. 4(b) and 4(c).
  • the reflective layer 3 is a reflective film having a certain thickness, and the light-transmissive holes 30 formed on the reflective layer 3 are correspondingly made of cylindrical holes of constant radial dimension or circular-shaped holes of progressive radial dimension.
  • the emitted light of the backlight when the emitted light of the backlight is irradiated to the reflective layer of the anti-peep film, the emitted light of the backlight is generally in a Lambertian distribution state, and the emitted light of the backlight passes through the reflective layer. After the light-transparent holes enter the substrate, under the refraction of the substrate, the emitted light of the backlight will be concentrated to a small solid cone angle in the corresponding area inside the substrate, and the three-dimensional cone angle is used as the exit angle to emit light from the substrate.
  • the light emitted from the light-emitting surface of the substrate is controlled by the microlens provided on the light-emitting surface of the substrate, so that the emission direction of the light emitted from the light-emitting surface of the substrate remains unchanged or is emitted from the light-emitting surface of the substrate.
  • the exiting direction of the light is deflected toward the axis direction of the corresponding microlens, so that the emitted light of the backlight can be emitted in the shape of a solid cone angle after passing through the anti-spy film, and a small exit angle is maintained, so as to effectively limit the anti-peep film.
  • the viewing angle of the display device is displayed, thereby achieving a full range of anti-spyness of the display device.
  • the anti-spy film provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can reflect the light that is not incident on the light-transmitting hole back into the backlight by using the reflective layer disposed on the light-incident surface of the substrate, so that the portion of the light passes through the backlight module.
  • the other optical components in the group can be scattered, refracted or reflected, they can be re-injected into the light-transmitting holes, which can not improve the utilization rate of the light emitted by the backlight, and also help to improve the light-emitting intensity of the backlight module in which the anti-spy film is located. Further, high brightness display of the display device is achieved.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a method for fabricating a peep prevention film, which is used to fabricate the anti-spy film according to the above embodiment.
  • the manufacturing method includes:
  • a substrate having a thickness of 10 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m is formed by using a light transmissive resin material such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polycarbonate (PC).
  • a light transmissive resin material such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polycarbonate (PC).
  • the light-incident surface of the substrate refers to a surface of the substrate facing the backlight, that is, a surface from which the backlight emits light enters the substrate; and the light-incident surface of the substrate can be made of a material having high reflectivity such as silver or aluminum to form a reflective layer.
  • the number of the light-transmitting holes can be designed as needed.
  • the shape of the light transmission hole may be a circle or a polygon or the like, for example, a geometric symmetrical figure.
  • an array of light transmission holes is disposed in the reflective layer.
  • the array shape of the array of light transmission holes may be hexagonal, square or rectangular, etc., but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
  • microlens array on the light emitting surface of the substrate, such that each of the light transmission holes respectively corresponds to at least one microlens in the microlens array; and the microlens is used to control the emission direction of the light emitted from the light exit surface of the substrate; Alternatively, the microlens is used to control the emission direction of the light emitted from the light-emitting surface of the substrate and deflect in the axial direction of the microlens.
  • the light-emitting surface of the substrate refers to a surface of the substrate that faces away from the backlight, that is, a surface from which the light emitted by the backlight passes through the substrate.
  • the shape of the array of the microlens array may be hexagonal, square or rectangular.
  • the lens shape of the microlens in the microlens array may be a spherical shape such as a spherical crown or an ellipsoidal shape, but the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. this.
  • the axis of the above microlens refers to the optical axis axis of the microlens.
  • the exit direction can be kept constant or the exit direction is deflected toward the axial direction of the microlens, and the refractive index of the microlens should be the same as or similar to the refractive index of the substrate.
  • the microlens may be formed of the same material as the substrate material, or may be formed of a material similar to the substrate material such as a UV curable adhesive or a photoresist.
  • the anti-spy film made by the method when the emitted light of the backlight is irradiated to the reflective layer of the anti-peep film, the emitted light of the backlight is usually in a Lambertian distribution state, and the emitted light of the backlight passes through the transparent light disposed on the reflective layer.
  • the emitted light of the backlight will be concentrated to a smaller solid cone angle in the corresponding area inside the substrate, and the solid cone angle is emitted as the exit angle from the light exit surface of the substrate; Then, the light emitted from the light-emitting surface of the substrate is controlled by the microlens provided on the light-emitting surface of the substrate, so that the emission direction of the light emitted from the light-emitting surface of the substrate remains unchanged, or the light emitted from the light-emitting surface of the substrate is emitted.
  • the direction is deflected toward the axis direction of the corresponding microlens, which can ensure that the emitted light of the backlight is emitted in the shape of a solid cone angle after passing through the anti-spy film, and maintains a small exit angle, so as to effectively limit the display device where the anti-spy film is located.
  • the viewing angle enables the omnidirectional anti-theft of the display device.
  • the anti-peep film produced by the method can reflect the light that is not incident on the light-transmitting hole back into the backlight by using the reflective layer disposed on the light-incident surface of the substrate, so that the portion of the light passes through the backlight module. After scattering, refraction or reflection of other optical components, they can be re-injected into the light-transmitting holes, which can not improve the utilization of the light emitted by the backlight, and also help to increase the light-emitting intensity of the backlight module in which the anti-spy film is located, thereby realizing High brightness display of the display device.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a backlight module, which includes a backlight, a light guide plate, and optical films including the anti-peep film, wherein the backlight, the light guide plate, and the optical film are
  • the backlight module includes a backlight 5 , a reflective sheet 4 , a light guide plate 6 , a diffusion sheet 7 , a privacy film 8 , and a plastic frame 9 .
  • the backlight 5 is disposed on the light guide plate 6 .
  • the reflective sheet 4 is disposed on the light incident surface side of the light guide plate 6, and the diffusion sheet 7 and the privacy guard film 8 are sequentially disposed on the light emitting surface side of the light guide plate 6, and the plastic frame 9 is disposed around the reflective sheet 4.
  • the periphery of the light guide plate 6, the diffusion sheet 7, and the privacy film 8 is used to close the gap between the optical elements.
  • the anti-spy film in the backlight module provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure has the same advantages as the anti-spy film in the above embodiment, and details are not described herein.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a display device, which includes the backlight module provided by the above embodiment.
  • the backlight module in the display device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure has the same advantages as the backlight module in the above embodiment.
  • the emitted light of the backlight module is emitted in the shape of a solid cone angle and maintains a small exit angle, so that the display device 11 displays the content.
  • the viewing angle 12 is as shown in FIG. 7, so that in addition to the user B facing the display device 11, the other person C located around the user B cannot see the display content of the display device 11, thereby realizing the all-round prevention of the display device. peep.
  • the display device provided in the above embodiments may be any product or component having a display function, such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a display, a notebook computer, a digital photo frame, or a navigator.
  • a display function such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a display, a notebook computer, a digital photo frame, or a navigator.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)

Abstract

一种防窥膜及其制作方法、背光模组、显示装置。所述防窥膜包括基板(1)，所述基板(1)的入光面设有反射层(3)，所述反射层(3)上设有透光孔(30)；所述基板(1)的出光面设有微透镜阵列；每个所述透光孔(30)分别与所述微透镜阵列中的至少一个微透镜(20)对应；所述微透镜(20)配置来控制从所述基板(1)出光面出射的光线的出射方向不变；或，所述微透镜(20)配置来控制从所述基板(1)出光面出射的光线的出射方向，向所述微透镜(20)的轴线方向偏转。

Description

防窥膜及其制作方法、背光模组、显示装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2018年04月12日向CNIPA提交的名称为“一种防窥膜及其制作方法、背光模组、显示装置”的中国专利申请No.201810327381.2的优先权，其全文通过引用合并于本文。
技术领域
本公开的实施例涉及一种防窥膜及其制作方法、背光模组、显示装置。
背景技术
防窥膜的可视区域有限，使得应用它的显示装置在显示时，显示装置中显示屏所显示出的资料能专供用户正面阅读，而无法使位于用户旁侧的其他人看到，即其他人仅能看到漆黑的显示屏，从而有效保护了用户的机密和/或个人隐私。
发明内容
本公开的实施例提供一种防窥膜及其制作方法、背光模组、显示装置。
根据本公开的至少一个实施例，提供一种防窥膜，包括基板，所述基板的入光面设有反射层，所述反射层上设有透光孔；所述基板的出光面设有微透镜阵列；每个所述透光孔分别与所述微透镜阵列中的至少一个微透镜对应；所述微透镜配置来控制从所述基板出光面出射的光线的出射方向不变；或，所述微透镜配置来控制从所述基板出光面出射的光线的出射方向，向所述微透镜的轴线方向偏转。
例如，所述微透镜阵列中，相邻两个所述微透镜的轴间距p满足
Figure PCTCN2019079079-appb-000001
其中，n为所述基板的折射率，t为所述基板的厚度。
例如，所述微透镜的凸度关联因子k满足
Figure PCTCN2019079079-appb-000002
且
Figure PCTCN2019079079-appb-000003
其中，θ为所述基板的全反射角且
Figure PCTCN2019079079-appb-000004
h为微透镜顶点至所述反射层的距离；以及所述防窥膜的可视角度与所述微透镜的凸度关联因子k成反比。
例如，所述透光孔包括圆形孔或多边形孔；
相邻两个所述透光孔的中心距p'与相邻两个所述微透镜的轴间距p相等；以及所述微透镜的轴线垂直于所述基板的入光面，且穿过对应所述透光孔的中心。
例如，所述防窥膜的可视角度关联因子A满足
Figure PCTCN2019079079-appb-000005
其中，d为所述透光孔的孔径；以及所述防窥膜的可视角度与所述可视角度关联因子A成正比。
例如，所述微透镜阵列的阵列形状为六边形、正方形或长方形；以及所述微透镜的透镜形状为球冠形或椭球冠形。
例如，所述基板的材质包括聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯或聚碳酸酯；
所述微透镜的材质与所述基板的材质相同；或，所述微透镜的材质包括紫外固化胶或光刻胶。
根据本公开的至少一个实施例，提供一种防窥膜的制作方法，用于制作如所述防窥膜，所述制作方法包括：提供一基板；在所述基板的入光面形成反射层，在所述反射层上形成透光孔；在所述基板的出光面形成微透镜阵列，使得每个所述透光孔分别与所述微透镜阵列中的至少一个微透镜对应；所述微透镜用于控制从所述基板出光面出射的光线的出射方向不变；或，所述微透镜用于控制从所述基板出光面出射的光线的出射方向，向所述微透镜的轴线方向偏转。
根据本公开的至少一个实施例，提供一种背光模组，包括所述防窥膜。
根据本公开的至少一个实施例，提供一种显示装置，包括所述背光模组。
附图说明
以下将结合附图对本公开的实施例进行更详细的说明，以使本领域普通技术人员更加清楚地理解本公开的实施例，其中：
图1为本公开实施例提供的防窥膜的立体结构示意图；
图2为本公开实施例提供的防窥膜的截面结构示意图；
图3(a)和图3(b)为本公开实施例提供的透光孔中出射光线在两种不同出射方向的光信号传播示意图；
图4(a)、图4(b)和图4(c)为本公开实施例提供的防窥膜中反射层的三种不同的结构示意图；
图5(a)为本公开实施例提供的防窥膜在可视角度关联因子A不同值时的出射光强效果图；
图5(b)为本公开实施例提供的防窥膜在凸度关联因子k不同值时的出射光强效果图；
图6为本公开实施例提供的背光模组的结构示意图；
图7为本公开实施例提供的显示装置的防窥示意图；
图8为本公开实施例提供的防窥膜的制作方法流程图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本公开一部分实施例，并不是全部的实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在无需做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
除非另外定义，此处使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元 件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者物件。“上”、“下”、等仅用于表示相对位置关系，当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后，则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
采用超微细百叶窗结构的防窥膜，在基板上设置若干并列的第一树脂条，并在每相邻的两个第一树脂条之间设置第二树脂条；其中，第一树脂条作为透射单元，第二树脂条作为吸收单元，第一树脂条的折射率与第二树脂条的折射率不同。
然而，发明人注意到，防窥膜中的各第二树脂条作为吸收单元，虽然能够吸收进入其内部的光线，对通过防窥膜的各光线进行部分遮挡，限制防窥膜的可视区域，实现防窥膜的防窥功能；但是，利用各第二树脂条吸收光线，也容易造成防窥膜的光透过率低，减小防窥膜所在背光模组的出射光强，对防窥膜所在显示装置的显示效果产生不良影响。而且，第二树脂条和第一树脂条交错并排，使得防窥膜也仅能在垂直于各树脂条走向的平面内进行防窥，这也就是说，该防窥膜仅能在一个平面内进行防窥，并无法实现防窥膜的全方位防窥。
为了进一步说明本公开实施例提供的防窥膜及其制作方法、背光模组、显示装置，下面结合说明书附图进行详细描述。
请参阅图1-图3(b)，本公开实施例提供的防窥膜包括基板1，基板1的入光面设有反射层3，反射层3上设有透光孔30；基板1的出光面设有微透镜阵列；每个透光孔30分别与微透镜阵列中的至少一个微透镜20对应；微透镜20用于控制从基板1出光面出射的光线的出射方向不变；或，微透镜20用于控制从基板1出光面出射的光线的出射方向，向微透镜20的轴线方向偏转。
上述基板1为透明基板，一般采用可透光的树脂材质，例如，聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(Polyethylene terephthalate，简称PET)或聚碳酸酯(Polycarbonate，简称PC)等制作形成，其厚度t可为约10μm～约200μm。 上述基板1的入光面是指基板1面向背光源的表面，即背光源出射光线进入基板1的表面。上述基板1的出光面是指基板1背离背光源的表面，即背光源出射光线在穿过基板1后从基板1出射的表面。
上述实施例提供的防窥膜与背光源配合使用时，背光源的出射光线照射至防窥膜的反射层3，背光源的出射光线呈朗伯分布状态，背光源的出射光线通过设在反射层3的透光孔30进入基板1后，在基板1的折射作用下，背光源的出射光线将在基板1内部的相应区域集中至一个较小的立体锥角，并以此立体锥角作为出射角从基板1的出光面射出。然后，对于从基板1出光面出射的光线，利用设在基板1出光面的微透镜20进行光路控制，使得从基板1出光面出射的光线的出射方向保持不变，如图3(a)所示，或者使得从基板1出光面出射的光线的出射方向向对应微透镜20的轴线方向偏转，如图3(b)所示，能够确保背光源的出射光线在穿过防窥膜后以立体锥角的形状出射，并保持较小的出射角度，以便有效限制防窥膜所在显示装置的可视角度，从而实现显示装置的全方位防窥，即显示装置的防窥功能并不仅限于一个平面，除了与显示装置正对的用户外，位于用户四周的其他人并无法看到显示装置的显示内容。
此外，本实施例提供的防窥膜，利用设在基板1入光面的反射层3，还可以将背光源未射入透光孔30的光线反射回背光源内部，使得该部分光线在通过背光模组内其他光学元件的散射、折射或反射后，能够重新射入透光孔30中，这样不但提高了背光源出射光线的利用率，也有助于提高防窥膜所在背光模组的出射光强，实现显示装置的高亮度显示。
可以理解的是，上述微透镜20的轴线一般是指微透镜20的光轴21。为了使得从基板1出光面出射的光线在通过微透镜20后，能够保持出射方向不变或者使其出射方向向微透镜20的轴线方向偏转，微透镜20的折射率应与基板1的折射率相同或相近，因此，微透镜20的材质可与基板1的材质相同，也可选用紫外固化胶或光刻胶等的近似材质。此外，上述微透镜阵列 的阵列形状可以采用六边形、正方形或长方形等，微透镜阵列中微透镜20的透镜形状可以采用球冠形或椭球冠形等曲面形状，但本公开的实施例并不仅限于此。
上述透光孔30的数量可以根据需要设计；透光孔30的形状可以采用圆形或多边形等，例如，为几何对称图形。本实施例在反射层3设置透光孔阵列，透光孔阵列的阵列形状可与上述微透镜阵列的阵列形状相匹配。
为了更清楚地说明本实施例防窥膜的结构及其防窥效果，示例性的，请参阅图2，当相邻两个透光孔30的中心距p'与相邻两个微透镜20的轴间距p对应相等，也就是说透光孔30与微透镜20一一对应时，微透镜20的轴线垂直于基板1的入光面，且穿过对应透光孔30的中心。透光孔30的孔径为d，防窥膜的可视角度关联因子A满足
Figure PCTCN2019079079-appb-000006
防窥膜的可视角度与该可视角度关联因子A成正比；即可视角度关联因子A值越小，使得穿过透光孔30从防窥膜出射的光强分布越窄，那么防窥膜的可视角度就越小，防窥膜的防窥效果就越好。防窥膜在不同A值时的出射光强效果图详见图5(a)所示。
继续参见图2，上述基板1的折射率为n，基板1的厚度为t，微透镜阵列中相邻两个微透镜20的轴间距p可按照
Figure PCTCN2019079079-appb-000007
的公式获得。基板1的全反射角与其折射率n有关，基板1的全反射角为θ，
Figure PCTCN2019079079-appb-000008
微透镜20顶点至反射层3的距离为h。微透镜20的凸度关联因子k可按照：
Figure PCTCN2019079079-appb-000009
的公式获得，且该凸度关联因子k的取值满足
Figure PCTCN2019079079-appb-000010
其中，k＝1时，从基板1出光面出射的光线能够在微透镜20的控制下保持其出射方向不变；
Figure PCTCN2019079079-appb-000011
时，从基板1出光面出射的光线能够在微透镜20的控制下向微透镜20的轴线方向偏转；r＝t/cosθ，r为光线从透光孔30进入基板1后可从基板1出光面出射的临界尺寸。防窥膜的可视角度与微透镜20的凸度 关联因子k成反比，也就是说，微透镜20的凸度关联因子k值越大，微透镜20越凸，使得穿过微透镜20出射的光强分布越窄，那么防窥膜的可视角度就越小，防窥膜的防窥效果就越好。防窥膜在不同k值时的出射光强效果图详见图5(b)所示。
需要补充的是，虽然防窥膜的可视角度能够随可视角度关联因子A值的减小而减小，但可视角度关联因子A值的减小也会造成防窥膜出射光强的降低，因此，防窥膜的结构设计需要综合考虑可视角度关联因子A和微透镜20的凸度关联因子k的取值，以便在确保或提高防窥膜所在背光模组出射光强的基础上，获得更为优良的防窥性能。
需要说明的是，上述实施例中，反射层3可采用银涂层、铝涂层或银铝复合层等具有高反射率的膜层结构。反射层3的厚度可以根据实际需要自主设置，比如图4(a)所示的一层薄膜，或者如图4(b)和图4(c)所示的厚度为20μm～200μm的反射膜材。示例性的，反射层3为具有一定厚度的反射膜材，开设在反射层3上的透光孔30相应采用径向尺寸不变的圆柱孔或径向尺寸渐变的圆台孔。
在本公开实施例提供的防窥膜中，当背光源的出射光线照射至防窥膜的反射层时，背光源的出射光线通常呈朗伯分布状态，背光源的出射光线通过设在反射层的透光孔进入基板后，在基板的折射作用下，背光源的出射光线将在基板内部的相应区域集中至一个较小的立体锥角，并以此立体锥角作为出射角从基板的出光面射出；然后，对于从基板出光面出射的光线，利用设在基板出光面的微透镜进行光路控制，使得从基板出光面出射的光线的出射方向保持不变，或者使得从基板出光面出射的光线的出射方向向对应微透镜的轴线方向偏转，能够使得背光源的出射光线在穿过防窥膜后以立体锥角的形状出射，并保持较小的出射角度，以便有效限制防窥膜所在显示装置的可视角度，从而实现显示装置的全方位防窥。
而且，本公开实施例提供的防窥膜，利用设在基板入光面的反射层，还 可以将背光源未射入透光孔的光线反射回背光源内部，使得该部分光线在通过背光模组内其他光学元件的散射、折射或反射后，能够重新射入透光孔中，这样不能提高了背光源出射光线的利用率，也有助于提高防窥膜所在背光模组的出射光强，进而实现显示装置的高亮度显示。
本公开实施例还提供了一种防窥膜的制作方法，用于制作上述实施例所述的防窥膜，请参阅图8，所述制作方法包括：
S10，提供一基板。
示例性的，采用可透光的树脂材质，比如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(Polyethylene terephthalate，简称PET)或聚碳酸酯(Polycarbonate，简称PC)等制作形成厚度为10μm～200μm的基板。
S20，在基板的入光面形成反射层，在反射层上形成透光孔。
上述基板的入光面是指基板面向背光源的表面，即背光源出射光线进入基板的表面；在基板的入光面可采用银、铝等高反射率的材质制作形成反射层。在反射层上形成透光孔时，透光孔的数量可以根据需要进行设计。透光孔的形状可以采用圆形或多边形等，例如为几何对称图形。本实施例在反射层设置透光孔阵列，透光孔阵列的阵列形状可采用六边形、正方形或长方形等，但是本公开的实施例并不限于此。
S30，在基板的出光面形成微透镜阵列，使得每个透光孔分别与微透镜阵列中的至少一个微透镜对应；上述微透镜用于控制从基板出光面出射的光线的出射方向不变；或，上述微透镜用于控制从基板出光面出射的光线的出射方向，向微透镜的轴线方向偏转。
上述基板的出光面是指基板背离背光源的表面，即背光源出射光线在穿过基板后从基板出射的表面。上述微透镜阵列的阵列形状可以采用六边形、正方形或长方形等，微透镜阵列中微透镜的透镜形状可以采用球冠形或椭球冠形等曲面形状，但是本公开的实施例并不仅限于此。
上述微透镜的轴线是指微透镜的光轴轴线。为了确保从基板出光面出射 的光线在通过微透镜后，能够保持出射方向不变或者使其出射方向向微透镜的轴线方向偏转，微透镜的折射率应与基板的折射率相同或相近，因此，微透镜可采用与基板材质相同的材质制作形成，也可采用紫外固化胶或光刻胶等与基板材质近似的材质制作形成。
使用本方法制作的防窥膜，当背光源的出射光线照射至防窥膜的反射层时，背光源的出射光线通常呈朗伯分布状态，背光源的出射光线通过设在反射层的透光孔进入基板后，在基板的折射作用下，背光源的出射光线将在基板内部的相应区域集中至一个较小的立体锥角，并以此立体锥角作为出射角从基板的出光面射出；然后，对于从基板出光面出射的光线，利用设在基板出光面的微透镜进行光路控制，使得从基板出光面出射的光线的出射方向保持不变，或者使得从基板出光面出射的光线的出射方向向对应微透镜的轴线方向偏转，能够确保背光源的出射光线在穿过防窥膜后以立体锥角的形状出射，并保持较小的出射角度，以便有效限制防窥膜所在显示装置的可视角度，从而实现显示装置的全方位防窥。
而且，本方法制作的防窥膜，利用设在基板入光面的反射层，还可以将背光源未射入透光孔的光线反射回背光源内部，使得该部分光线在通过背光模组内其他光学元件的散射、折射或反射后，能够重新射入透光孔中，这样不能提高了背光源出射光线的利用率，也有助于提高防窥膜所在背光模组的出射光强，进而实现显示装置的高亮度显示。
本公开实施例还提供了一种背光模组，所述背光模组包括背光源、导光板以及包含上述防窥膜在内的各光学膜片，其中背光源、导光板以及各光学膜片的结构位置关系可进行设计。示例性的，如图6所示，上述背光模组包括背光源5、反射片4、导光板6、扩散片7、防窥膜8以及胶框9；其中，背光源5设置在导光板6的旁侧，反射片4设置在导光板6的入光面一侧，扩散片7和防窥膜8依序设置在导光板6的出光面一侧，胶框9围设在反射片4、导光板6、扩散片7及防窥膜8的四周，用于封闭各光学元件之间的 间隙。本公开实施例提供的背光模组中的防窥膜与上述实施例中的防窥膜具有的优势相同，在此不做赘述。
本公开实施例还提供了一种显示装置，所述显示装置包括上述实施例提供的背光模组。本公开实施例提供的显示装置中的背光模组与上述实施例中的背光模组具有的优势相同。示例性的，请参阅图7，在本实施例提供的显示装置11中，背光模组的出射光以立体锥角的形状出射，并保持较小的出射角度，使得显示装置11显示内容的可视角度12如图7中所示，这样除了与显示装置11正对的用户B外，位于用户B四周的其他人C并无法看到显示装置11的显示内容，实现了显示装置的全方位防窥。
上述实施例提供的显示装置可以为手机、平板电脑、电视机、显示器、笔记本电脑、数码相框或导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件。
以下几点需要说明：
(1)本公开实施例附图只涉及到与本公开实施例涉及到的结构，其他结构可参考通常设计。
(2)为了清晰起见，在用于描述本公开的实施例的附图中，层或区域的厚度被放大或缩小，即这些附图并非按照实际的比例绘制。
(3)在不冲突的情况下，本公开的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合以得到新的实施例，而这些新的实施例都应属于本公开的范围。
以上所述，仅为本公开的示例实施例，本公开的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的普通技术人员在本公开实施例揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本公开的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种防窥膜，包括基板，所述基板的入光面设有反射层，所述反射层上设有透光孔；所述基板的出光面设有微透镜阵列；
    每个所述透光孔分别与所述微透镜阵列中的至少一个微透镜对应；
    所述微透镜配置来控制从所述基板出光面出射的光线的出射方向不变；或，所述微透镜配置来控制从所述基板出光面出射的光线的出射方向，向所述微透镜的轴线方向偏转。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的防窥膜，其中，所述微透镜阵列中，相邻两个所述微透镜的轴间距p满足
    Figure PCTCN2019079079-appb-100001
    其中，n为所述基板的折射率，t为所述基板的厚度。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的防窥膜，其中，
    所述微透镜的凸度关联因子k满足
    Figure PCTCN2019079079-appb-100002
    且
    Figure PCTCN2019079079-appb-100003
    其中，θ为所述基板的全反射角且
    Figure PCTCN2019079079-appb-100004
    h为微透镜顶点至所述反射层的距离；以及
    所述防窥膜的可视角度与所述微透镜的凸度关联因子k成反比。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的防窥膜，其中，所述透光孔包括圆形孔或多边形孔；
    相邻两个所述透光孔的中心距p'与相邻两个所述微透镜的轴间距p相等；以及所述微透镜的轴线垂直于所述基板的入光面，且穿过对应所述透光孔的中心。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的防窥膜，其中，
    所述防窥膜的可视角度关联因子A满足
    Figure PCTCN2019079079-appb-100005
    其中，d为所述透光孔的孔径；以及所述防窥膜的可视角度与所述可视角度关联因子A成正比。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的防窥膜，其中，
    所述微透镜阵列的阵列形状为六边形、正方形或长方形；以及
    所述微透镜的透镜形状为球冠形或椭球冠形。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的防窥膜，其中，所述基板的材质包括聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯或聚碳酸酯；
    所述微透镜的材质与所述基板的材质相同；或，
    所述微透镜的材质包括紫外固化胶或光刻胶。
  8. 一种防窥膜的制作方法，用于制作如权利要求1-7任一项所述的防窥膜，所述制作方法包括：
    提供一基板；
    在所述基板的入光面形成反射层，在所述反射层上形成透光孔；
    在所述基板的出光面形成微透镜阵列，使得每个所述透光孔分别与所述微透镜阵列中的至少一个微透镜对应；
    所述微透镜用于控制从所述基板出光面出射的光线的出射方向不变；或，所述微透镜用于控制从所述基板出光面出射的光线的出射方向，向所述微透镜的轴线方向偏转。
  9. 一种背光模组，包括如权利要求1-7任一项所述的防窥膜。
  10. 一种显示装置，包括如权利要求9所述的背光模组。
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