WO2019189685A1 - 水溶性フィルム及びその製造方法、並びに薬剤包装体 - Google Patents
水溶性フィルム及びその製造方法、並びに薬剤包装体 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2019189685A1 WO2019189685A1 PCT/JP2019/013857 JP2019013857W WO2019189685A1 WO 2019189685 A1 WO2019189685 A1 WO 2019189685A1 JP 2019013857 W JP2019013857 W JP 2019013857W WO 2019189685 A1 WO2019189685 A1 WO 2019189685A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- film
- water
- soluble film
- pva
- polyvinyl alcohol
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/04—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties combined with or containing other objects
- C11D17/041—Compositions releasably affixed on a substrate or incorporated into a dispensing means
- C11D17/042—Water soluble or water disintegrable containers or substrates containing cleaning compositions or additives for cleaning compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
- C08J7/02—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances with solvents, e.g. swelling agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L29/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical; Compositions of hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L29/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08L29/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/04—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties combined with or containing other objects
- C11D17/041—Compositions releasably affixed on a substrate or incorporated into a dispensing means
- C11D17/042—Water soluble or water disintegrable containers or substrates containing cleaning compositions or additives for cleaning compositions
- C11D17/043—Liquid or thixotropic (gel) compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F216/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical
- C08F216/02—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical by an alcohol radical
- C08F216/04—Acyclic compounds
- C08F216/06—Polyvinyl alcohol ; Vinyl alcohol
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2329/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Derivatives of such polymer
- C08J2329/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08J2329/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/16—Applications used for films
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a water-soluble film containing a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin as a main component, and more particularly, to a water-soluble film in which the occurrence of curling is suppressed even after long-term storage, a method for producing the same, and a pharmaceutical package. Is.
- Polyvinyl alcohol film is a film made of polyvinyl alcohol resin having water solubility while being a thermoplastic resin, and a hydrophobic film usually used for packaging films such as polyethylene terephthalate film and polyolefin film, etc. The physical properties and feel of the film are greatly different.
- a plasticizer having a high melting point and a low melting point are used in combination, and further, a water-soluble film containing a relatively large amount of plasticizer.
- a film see, for example, Patent Document 1
- a water-soluble film having excellent solubility in a water-soluble film, and reduced curling for example, see Patent Document 2 are known.
- the water-soluble film disclosed in Patent Document 1 can provide a package having excellent mechanical properties and appearance characteristics that do not cause a decrease in tension over time. May curl.
- curling occurs in a water-soluble film, for example, when manufacturing a package using a water-soluble film, handling is difficult, and misalignment is likely to occur at the time of sealing. There was a problem of further improvement, and further improvement was desired.
- the dried water-soluble film disclosed in Patent Document 2 is heat-treated at 95 to 135 ° C., and left in an environment of 23 ° C. and 40% RH for 24 hours. Although curling is reduced, there remains a problem that curling occurs when stored for a long time in a product warehouse or the like, and further improvement is desired.
- the present invention provides a water-soluble film in which the occurrence of curling is suppressed even after long-term storage under such a background.
- the gist of the present invention is a water-soluble film containing the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin (A), and the following formula is obtained by infrared spectroscopic analysis by a total reflection attenuation method on both surfaces of the water-soluble film.
- the crystallinity index X on both sides of the film expressed in (1) is measured, the crystallinity index on one side of the film is Xa, the crystallinity index on the other side is Xb, where Xa ⁇ Xb
- the water-soluble film is characterized in that the difference Xa ⁇ Xb in crystallinity index between the two surfaces of the film is 0.015 to 0.10.
- X ABS 1141 / ABS 1093 (1)
- ABS 1141 Absorbance at wave number 1141 cm ⁇ 1
- ABS 1093 Absorbance at wave number 1093 cm ⁇ 1
- this invention has the process of forming the polyvinyl alcohol-type film containing a polyvinyl alcohol-type resin (A), the process of surface-coating water on the said polyvinyl alcohol-type film, and the heat processing process, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.
- a method for producing a water-soluble film is also provided.
- the water-soluble film of the present invention has reduced curling when forming a package with a film stored for a long period of time, and therefore exhibits good sealing properties with little misalignment and excellent package productivity. It can be used for various packaging applications, and is particularly useful for unit packaging applications such as drugs.
- the film is given flexibility and the ease of molding when it is used as a medicine package is improved.
- the content of the plasticizer (B) is 5 parts by weight or more with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin (A)
- a liquid such as a liquid detergent is used.
- the deterioration of the toughness of the water-soluble film is not impaired, and the shape stability of the package over time can be maintained.
- the blocking resistance becomes excellent.
- the content of the filler (C) is 1 to 30 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl alcohol resin (A), only blocking resistance can be obtained.
- the film has excellent flexibility and toughness.
- the solubility of the water-soluble film is improved.
- a package made of the water-soluble film and a drug package comprising the drug packaged in the package can be used without breaking the package. Drugs can be used.
- the drug package of the present invention when the drug is a detergent, it is possible to save the trouble of measuring when using the detergent, and it can be used more easily.
- the medicine package of the present invention when the medicine is a liquid detergent, it can be used more easily without staining the surroundings with the liquid detergent.
- a water-soluble film having a step of forming a polyvinyl alcohol-based film containing the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin (A) according to the present invention, a step of surface-coating water on the polyvinyl alcohol-based film, and a heat treatment step.
- water is applied to the water-soluble film after drying and heat treatment is performed, so that the difference in crystallinity of each surface of the film is obtained, and the balance of swelling and shrinkage action on both sides of the film is achieved. It is considered that long-term curl improvement is achieved as a result.
- the water-soluble film of the present invention is a film containing a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin (A) and has a specific crystallinity index difference on both sides of the film.
- A polyvinyl alcohol-based resin
- polyvinyl alcohol is “PVA”
- a film containing a polyvinyl alcohol resin as a main component is a “PVA film”
- a water-soluble film having a polyvinyl alcohol resin as a main component is a “PVA water-soluble film”.
- the film surface in this invention means at least one of the film front and back surfaces except a film thickness surface.
- the infrared spectroscopic analysis in the present invention is an analysis method for measuring an infrared absorption spectrum by a single reflection type ATR method using attenuated total reflection (Attenuated Total Reflectance).
- This analysis method uses a method in which an ATR prism having a high refractive index is brought into close contact with a sample, infrared light is irradiated to the sample through the ATR prism, and light emitted from the ATR prism is spectrally analyzed.
- Infrared spectroscopic analysis by the total reflection attenuation method has the convenience that a spectrum can be measured simply by bringing a sample and an ATR prism into close contact with each other.
- ATR method diamond having an incident angle of 45 ° around 1000 cm ⁇ 1. Since the penetration depth by the ATR crystal is known to be about 2 ⁇ m, it is possible to evaluate the PVA crystallinity focusing on the film surface layer portion.
- Crystallinity index X of the PVA-based film surface was measured by infrared spectroscopic analysis by ATR method, in the infrared absorption spectrum, it means the ratio of the absorbance at 1141cm -1 to the absorbance at 1093cm -1.
- the absorption at 1141 cm ⁇ 1 is a peak derived from the skeletal vibration of the extended carbon zigzag chain in the PVA crystal region, and is generally known as a peak corresponding to the crystalline band of PVA. It is known that the peak intensity at 1141 cm ⁇ 1 increases with increasing crystallinity.
- the absorption of 1093cm -1 is a peak derived from C-O stretching vibration contained in PVA, by normalizing with respect to the peak intensity of 1093cm -1 to a peak intensity of 1141cm -1, the film surface X that is the crystallinity index of is calculated. That is, when the crystallinity index X shows a large value, it indicates that the film surface layer portion has high crystallinity and is less likely to undergo dimensional changes due to moisture absorption. On the other hand, when the crystallinity index X shows a small value, it indicates that the crystallinity of the film surface layer portion is low, and that dimensional changes such as swelling / shrinkage easily occur with moisture absorption.
- the crystallinity index X on the film surface is measured by the following method. Specifically, 5 points on the front and back surfaces of a water-soluble film cut into a vertical width of 160 mm and a horizontal width of 120 mm (1. 40 mm long, 30 mm wide, 2. 40 mm long, 90 mm wide, 3. 120 mm long, 30 mm wide, 4 Infrared absorption spectrum by the total reflection attenuation method (ATR method) is obtained with respect to the following measurement apparatus and measurement conditions.
- ATR method total reflection attenuation method
- Measurement device Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer FT / IR-6600 (manufactured by JASCO), polarization type single reflection ATR measuring device ATR PRO610P-S (manufactured by JASCO) ATR prism: PKS-D615P (manufactured by JASCO) [material: diamond, sample contact area: 2.0 mm ⁇ , incident angle (center): 45 °] Measurement method: single reflection ATR method Measurement wave number region: 4000 to 400 cm -1 ATR correction: Implementation (Abnormal dispersion method) [Range: 4000 to 400 cm ⁇ 1 , Number of repetitions: 1, Incident angle: 45.0 °, Prism refractive index: 2.400 (diamond), Sample refractive index: 1. 500, zero base correction: effective] ⁇ Detector: DLATGS ⁇ Beam splitter: Ge / KBr ⁇ Resolution: 4cm -1 ⁇ Total number of times: 32 times (16 times for background measurement)
- ABS 1141 is, and the lowest absorption position in the wave number of 1163cm -1 ⁇ 7.5cm -1 in the infrared absorption spectrum curve, the lowest absorption position in the wave number of 993cm -1 ⁇ 7.5cm -1 in the infrared absorption spectrum curve It is the maximum value of the difference in absorbance from the baseline in the infrared absorption spectrum curve in the region of wave number 1141 cm -1 ⁇ 7.5 cm -1 with the connecting line as the baseline (measured absorbance-absorbance at the baseline).
- the crystallinity index X at 5 points on the front surface and 5 points on the back surface is calculated, and the crystallization of the surface of the PVA-based water-soluble film is obtained from the numerical value obtained by averaging the 5 points. Obtained as indices Xa and Xb (where Xa ⁇ Xb). That is, when the measured crystallization index on the film surface is higher than the crystallization index on the film back surface, the crystallization index on the film surface is Xa and the crystallization index on the film back surface is Xb.
- the crystallization index on the film surface is lower than the crystallization index on the film back surface, the crystallization index on the film back surface is Xa and the crystallization index on the film surface is Xb.
- Xa ⁇ Xb becomes zero.
- the crystallinity index X on both sides of the film represented by the following formula (1) is measured by infrared spectroscopic analysis using the total reflection attenuation method (ATR method), the difference Xa ⁇ Xb between the crystallinity indexes on both sides of the film.
- the crystallinity index on one surface is Xa
- the crystallinity index on the other surface is Xb, where Xa ⁇ Xb
- X ABS 1141 / ABS 1093
- ABS 1141 Absorbance at wave number 1141 cm -1
- ABS 1093 Absorbance at wave number 1093 cm -1
- Xa-Xb is 0.015 to 0.10, preferably 0.020 to 0.080, and more preferably 0.030 to 0.060. If Xa-Xb is too small, curling tends to occur when the film is stored for a long period of time, and the effects of the present application cannot be obtained. If Xa-Xb is too large, surface properties such as sealing properties and printability tend to deteriorate.
- a method for obtaining a water-soluble film having a crystallinity index difference Xa-Xb of 0.015 to 0.10 on both sides of the film for example, it is prepared by dissolving a film forming raw material containing a PVA resin (A) It can be produced by casting and drying to produce a PVA-based film and then subjecting the PVA-based film to wet heat treatment in the subsequent steps.
- wet heat treatment methods for example, (i) a method in which water is applied to the surface of the dried PVA-based film and then heat-treated, and (ii) a method in which heat treatment is performed after the dried PVA-based film is immersed in a water tank.
- the water-soluble film of the present invention contains a PVA resin (A) as a main component.
- the PVA resin (A) used in the present invention may be an unmodified PVA or a modified PVA resin, and is preferably a modified PVA resin.
- Specific examples include using two or more kinds of unmodified PVA together, using two or more kinds of modified PVA resins, and using two or more kinds of unmodified PVA and modified PVA resins.
- the main component means a component occupying 50% by weight or more of the entire water-soluble film, preferably 55% by weight or more, particularly preferably 60% by weight or more, and further the whole water-soluble film.
- PVA resin (A) includes PVA resin (A).
- the unmodified PVA is a resin mainly composed of a vinyl alcohol structural unit obtained by saponifying a polyvinyl ester resin obtained by polymerizing a vinyl ester compound, and a vinyl alcohol structural unit corresponding to the degree of saponification; Consists of vinyl ester structural units remaining without saponification.
- vinyl ester compounds examples include vinyl formate, vinyl acetate, vinyl trifluoroacetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl butyrate, vinyl caprate, vinyl laurate, vinyl versatate, vinyl palmitate, and vinyl stearate. Although it is mentioned, it is preferable to use vinyl acetate.
- the vinyl ester compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a known polymerization method such as a solution polymerization method, an emulsion polymerization method, and a suspension polymerization method is arbitrarily selected. Although it can be used, it is usually carried out by a solution polymerization method using an alcohol such as methanol, ethanol or isopropyl alcohol as a solvent.
- the average degree of saponification is measured according to JIS K 6726 3.5, and the viscosity of a 4% by weight aqueous solution is measured according to JIS K 6726 3.1.2.
- the modified PVA resin is a resin mainly composed of a vinyl alcohol structural unit obtained by saponifying a polyvinyl ester resin obtained by polymerizing a vinyl ester compound. Introduced resin, consisting of vinyl alcohol structural units corresponding to the degree of saponification and vinyl ester structural units remaining without saponification, as well as unsaturated monomer structural units by copolymerization or structural units by post-reaction.
- vinyl ester compound the same compound as in the case of the PVA resin (A) can be used.
- the above vinyl ester compound and an unsaturated monomer copolymerizable with the vinyl ester compound are copolymerized and then saponified. It can be manufactured by a method or the like.
- Examples of unsaturated monomers copolymerizable with the vinyl ester compounds include olefins such as ethylene, propylene, isobutylene, ⁇ -octene, ⁇ -dodecene, ⁇ -octadecene, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, Unsaturated acids such as maleic acid, maleic anhydride, itaconic acid, salts thereof, monoesters or dialkyl esters, nitriles such as acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile, amides such as acrylamide and methacrylamide, ethylenesulfonic acid, allyl Olefin sulfonic acids such as sulfonic acid and methallyl sulfonic acid or salts thereof, alkyl vinyl ethers, N-acrylamidomethyltrimethylammonium chloride, allyltrimethylammonium chloride, dimethylallyl vinyl ketone, N-vinyl Polyoxyalky
- modified PVA resin by post reaction examples include those having an acetoacetyl group by reaction with diketene, those having a polyalkylene oxide group by reaction with ethylene oxide, epoxy compounds, etc.
- a PVA resin obtained by esterification, acetalization, urethanization, etherification, grafting, phosphoric esterification, oxyalkylenation, etc. of a compound having a hydroxyalkyl group by reaction with aldehyde, or an aldehyde compound having various functional groups The thing obtained by making it react can be mentioned. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the modified PVA-based resin has a primary hydroxyl group in the side chain.
- the number of primary hydroxyl groups in the side chain is usually 1 to 5, preferably 1 to 2, particularly preferably 1.
- modified PVA resins include modified PVA resins having a hydroxyalkyl group in the side chain, modified PVA resins having a 1,2-diol structural unit in the side chain, and the like.
- an anionic group-modified PVA resin is preferably used from the viewpoint of solubility.
- the anionic group include a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid group, and a phosphoric acid group. From the viewpoint of chemical resistance and stability over time, a carboxyl group and a sulfonic acid group are preferable, and a carboxyl group is particularly preferable. .
- the carboxyl group-modified PVA resin can be produced by an arbitrary method.
- (I) a method in which an unsaturated monomer having a carboxyl group and a vinyl ester compound are copolymerized and then saponified
- (II ) A method of saponifying after polymerizing a vinyl ester compound in the presence of a carboxyl group-containing alcohol, aldehyde or thiol as a chain transfer agent.
- the above-mentioned compounds can be used, but vinyl acetate is preferably used.
- Examples of the unsaturated monomer having a carboxyl group in the method (I) include an ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid (maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, etc.), or an ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid monoester (maleic acid monoester). Alkyl esters, fumaric acid monoalkyl esters, itaconic acid monoalkyl esters, etc.), or ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid diesters (maleic acid dialkyl esters, fumaric acid dialkyl esters, itaconic acid dialkyl esters, etc.).
- maleic acid, maleic acid monoalkyl ester, maleic acid dialkyl ester, maleate, maleic anhydride, itaconic acid, itaconic acid monoalkyl ester, itaconic acid dialkyl ester, (meth) acrylic acid, etc. are preferably used.
- maleic acid, maleic acid monoalkyl ester, maleic acid dialkyl ester, maleate, and maleic anhydride are preferably used, and maleic acid monoalkyl ester is more preferably used.
- a compound derived from a thiol having a large chain transfer effect is particularly effective. Specifically, mercaptoacetic acid, 2-mercaptopropionic acid, 3-mercaptopropionic acid, 2-mercaptostearic acid, etc. Is mentioned.
- unsaturated monomer having a carboxyl group and the vinyl ester compound may be contained within a range that does not impair the water solubility.
- these monomers include ethyl esters of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, allyl esters of saturated carboxylic acids, ⁇ -olefins, alkyl vinyl ethers, alkyl allyl ethers, (meth) acrylamides, (meth) acrylonitriles, styrenes, Vinyl chloride or the like can be used. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the method for producing the carboxyl group-modified PVA resin is not limited to the above method.
- polyvinyl alcohol partially saponified product or completely saponified product
- a hydroxyl group such as dicarboxylic acid, aldehyde carboxylic acid or hydroxycarboxylic acid.
- a method of post-reacting a carboxyl group-containing compound having a functional group having a property can also be carried out.
- a sulfonic acid-modified PVA resin modified with a sulfonic acid group for example, vinyl sulfonic acid, styrene sulfonic acid, allyl sulfonic acid, methallyl sulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid, etc.
- a method of saponifying after copolymerizing the copolymer component with a vinyl ester compound, a method of Michael addition of vinylsulfonic acid or a salt thereof, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid or a salt thereof, etc. Can be manufactured.
- the average saponification degree of the PVA resin (A) used in the present invention is preferably 80 mol% or more, particularly preferably 82 to 99.8 mol%, more preferably 85 to 99.5 mol%. is there. If the average degree of saponification is too small, the solubility of the film tends to decrease over time depending on the pH of the drug to be packaged.
- the average saponification degree of the unmodified PVA used in the present invention is preferably 80 mol% or more, particularly preferably 82 to 99 mol%, more preferably 85 to 90 mol%. If the average saponification degree is too small, the water solubility tends to decrease. Moreover, even if the average saponification degree is too large, the water solubility tends to decrease.
- the average saponification degree of the modified PVA resin used in the present invention is preferably 80 mol% or more, particularly preferably 85 to 99.9 mol%, and more preferably 90 to 99.5 mol%. If the average degree of saponification is too small, the solubility of the film tends to decrease over time depending on the pH of the drug to be packaged. In addition, when the average saponification degree is too large, the solubility in water tends to be greatly reduced due to the heat history during film formation.
- the average saponification degree is preferably 85 mol% or more, particularly preferably 88 to 99.9 mol%, It is preferably 90 to 99.8 mol%, particularly preferably 92 to 99.5 mol%.
- the average degree of saponification is measured according to JIS K 6726 3.5, and the viscosity of a 4% by weight aqueous solution is measured according to JIS K 6726 3.1.2.
- the polymerization degree of the PVA-based resin can generally be indicated by a water-soluble viscosity, and the viscosity of a 4 wt% aqueous solution at 20 ° C. of the PVA-based resin (A) used in the present invention is 10 to 50 mPa ⁇ s. It is preferably 15 to 45 mPa ⁇ s, more preferably 20 to 40 mPa ⁇ s. If the viscosity is too small, the mechanical strength of the film as a packaging material tends to decrease, and if it is too large, the aqueous solution viscosity during film formation tends to be high and productivity tends to decrease.
- the viscosity of the 4% by weight aqueous solution of unmodified PVA at 20 ° C. is preferably 5 to 50 mPa ⁇ s, particularly 10 to 45 mPa ⁇ s. s, more preferably 15 to 40 mPa ⁇ s.
- the viscosity of the 4% by weight aqueous solution at 20 ° C. of the modified PVA resin is preferably 5 to 50 mPa ⁇ s, more preferably 10 to It is preferably 45 mPa ⁇ s, more preferably 15 to 40 mPa ⁇ s.
- the viscosity is too small, the mechanical strength of the water-soluble film as a packaging material tends to decrease. On the other hand, if the viscosity is too large, the aqueous solution viscosity during film formation tends to be high and productivity tends to decrease.
- the amount of modification of the modified PVA resin used in the present invention is preferably 1 to 20 mol%, particularly preferably 1.5 to 15 mol%, more preferably 2 to 12 mol%. If the amount of modification is too small, the solubility in water tends to decrease, and if it is too large, the productivity of the PVA-based resin tends to decrease or the biodegradability tends to decrease, and blocking tends to occur. Tend.
- the modified amount of the anionic group-modified PVA-based resin is preferably 1 to 10 mol%, particularly preferably.
- the amount is 1.5 to 9 mol%, more preferably 2 to 8 mol%. If the amount of modification is too small, the solubility in water tends to decrease, and if it is too large, the productivity of the PVA-based resin tends to decrease or the biodegradability tends to decrease, and blocking tends to occur. Tend.
- the PVA resin (A) preferably contains an unmodified PVA and a modified PVA resin from the viewpoint of solubility and film strength, and in particular, the unmodified PVA and the anionic group-modified PVA system. It is preferable to contain a resin, and it is further preferable to contain an unmodified PVA and a carboxyl group-modified PVA resin.
- unmodified PVA / modified PVA-based resin is preferably 5/95 to 40/60, particularly preferably 6/94 to 30/70, It is preferably 7/93 to 20/80.
- the unmodified PVA preferably has a 4% by weight aqueous solution viscosity at 20 ° C. of 5 to 50 mPa ⁇ s, particularly preferably 10 to 45 mPa ⁇ s. More preferably, it is 12 to 40 mPa ⁇ s, and particularly preferably 15 to 35 mPa ⁇ s. If the viscosity is too small, the mechanical strength of the film as a packaging material tends to decrease. On the other hand, if the viscosity is too large, the aqueous solution viscosity during film formation tends to be high and productivity tends to decrease.
- plasticizer (B) In the PVA-based film of the present invention, it is preferable to further contain a plasticizer (B) from the viewpoint of imparting flexibility and moldability to the film.
- the plasticizer (B) may be used singly or in combination of two or more. However, the combined use of two or more of the toughness of the film itself when used as a package, particularly a liquid detergent. This is preferable in terms of shape stability over time of the package when packaged.
- plasticizer (B) examples include glycerins such as glycerin, diglycerin, and triglycerin, alkylene glycols such as triethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, and dipropylin glycol, trimethylolpropane, and dibutyl ether.
- glycerins such as glycerin, diglycerin, and triglycerin
- alkylene glycols such as triethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, and dipropylin glycol, trimethylolpropane, and dibutyl ether.
- Ethers stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, sorbic acid, citric acid, adipic acid and other carboxylic acids, cyclohexanone and other ketones, monoethanolamine, triethanolamine, ethylenediamine, imidazole compounds and other amines
- Amino acids such as alanine, glycine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, histidine, lysine, and cysteine.
- Sugar alcohols, monosaccharides, and polysaccharides can also be used.
- dihydric alcohols such as salicyl alcohol, catechol, resorcinol, hydroquinone, bisphenol A, bisphenol F, and neopentyl glycol
- trihydric alcohols such as phloroglucinol
- Tetravalent alcohols such as erythritol, threitol and pentaerythritol, pentahydric alcohols such as xylitol, arabitol, fucitol, glucose and fructose, hexahydric alcohols such as mannitol, sorbitol and inositol, octavalent alcohols such as lactitol, sucrose and trehalose And alcohols having a valence of 9 or more, such as maltitol. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. From the viewpoint of excellent curl resistance and a good balance between strength and flexibility, it is preferable to use glycerin and sorbitol in combination.
- the content of the plasticizer (B) is preferably 5 parts by weight or more, particularly preferably 5 to 70 parts by weight, and more preferably 8 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the PVA resin (A). -60 parts by weight, particularly preferably 10-50 parts by weight.
- the content of the plasticizer (B) is too small, shape stability over time tends to be lowered when a liquid such as a liquid detergent is packaged to form a package. If the amount is too large, the mechanical strength tends to decrease or blocking tends to occur.
- the content ratio of glycerin and sorbitol is preferably 0.1 to 5, particularly preferably 0.2 to 4.5, and more preferably 0.8. It is 5 to 4, particularly preferably 0.7 to 1.3. If the content is too small, the PVA film tends to be too soft and blocking tends to occur, and if it is too large, the PVA film tends to become too hard and tends to become brittle in a low humidity environment.
- a filler (C), a surfactant (D) and the like can be further contained as necessary.
- the filler (C) is contained for the purpose of blocking resistance and includes organic fillers and inorganic fillers, among which organic fillers are preferably used. Moreover, it is also preferable to use both an organic filler and an inorganic filler together from the viewpoint of improving the water-sealing property at the time of producing a package.
- the organic filler is a particulate material (primary particle) composed of an organic compound and having an arbitrary shape such as a needle shape, a rod shape, a layer shape, a scale shape, or a spherical shape, or an aggregate of the particulate matter (secondary). Particle).
- Such organic fillers are mainly selected from polymer compounds such as melamine resins, polymethyl (meth) acrylate resins, polystyrene resins, and biodegradable resins such as starch and polylactic acid. It is done. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- biodegradable resins such as polymethyl (meth) acrylate resins, polystyrene resins, and starch are preferable, and starch is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of dispersibility with respect to the PVA resin (A).
- starch examples include raw starch (corn starch, potato starch, sweet potato starch, wheat starch, kissava starch, sago starch, tapioca starch, sorghum starch, rice starch, bean starch, kudzu starch, bracken starch, lotus starch, Castor starch, etc.), physically modified starch ( ⁇ -starch, fractionated amylose, wet heat-treated starch, etc.), enzyme-modified starch (hydrolyzed dextrin, enzyme-degraded dextrin, amylose, etc.), chemically modified starch (acid-treated starch, hypochlorous acid) Chloric acid oxidized starch, dialdehyde starch, etc.), chemically modified starch derivatives (esterified starch, etherified starch, cationized starch, crosslinked starch, etc.) and the like.
- raw starch especially corn starch and rice starch are preferably used from the viewpoint of availability and economical efficiency.
- the average particle diameter of the organic filler is preferably 5 to 50 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 10 to 40 ⁇ m, and further preferably 15 to 35 ⁇ m. If the average particle size is too small, the blocking property of the film tends to be high. If the average particle size is too large, fillers tend to aggregate with each other, resulting in a decrease in dispersibility or a pinhole when the film is processed or stretched. Tend.
- the average particle diameter of the organic filler is a value measured with a laser diffraction particle size distribution measuring device, and is calculated from the D50 value (50% cumulative particle diameter) of the obtained cumulative volume distribution.
- the inorganic filler is a particulate substance (primary particle) having an arbitrary shape such as a needle shape, a rod shape, a layer shape, a scale shape, a spherical shape, or an aggregate of the particulate matter (secondary particles) made of an inorganic compound. ).
- the inorganic filler examples include silica (silicon dioxide), diatomaceous earth, titanium oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, barium oxide, germanium oxide, tin oxide, zinc oxide, and other oxide-based inorganic compounds, talc, clay , Kaolin, mica, asbestos, gypsum, graphite, glass balloon, glass beads, calcium sulfate, barium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, calcium sulfite, calcium carbonate, whisker-like calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, dosonite, dolomite, potassium titanate, carbon black, Glass fiber, alumina fiber, boron fiber, processed mineral fiber, carbon fiber, carbon hollow sphere, bentonite, montmorillonite, copper powder, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, iron sulfate, magnesium sulfate Beam, aluminum sulfate, potassium aluminum sulfate, ammoni
- an oxide-based inorganic compound and talc from the viewpoint of excellent hydrogen bonding action with the PVA resin (A) and an improvement effect of water sealability, and particularly titanium oxide, talc and silica. Is preferably used, and silica is more preferably used.
- the average particle diameter of the inorganic filler is preferably 1 to 20 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 2 to 15 ⁇ m, and further preferably 3 to 10 ⁇ m. If the average particle size is too small, the blocking property of the film tends to be high, and the flexibility and toughness of the film tend to decrease. If it is too large, the effect of improving the water sealing property tends to be difficult to obtain.
- the average particle size of the inorganic filler is a value measured with a laser diffraction particle size distribution measuring device, and is calculated from the D50 value (50% cumulative particle size) of the obtained cumulative volume distribution.
- the content of the filler (C) is preferably 1 to 30 parts by weight, particularly preferably 2 to 25 parts by weight, more preferably 2.5 to 20 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the PVA resin (A). Parts by weight. When the content is too small, the blocking property tends to be high, and when it is too large, the flexibility and toughness of the film tend to be lowered.
- the surfactant (D) used in the present invention is contained for the purpose of improving the peelability from the cast surface during the production of the PVA film, and is usually a nonionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, an anion. Surfactant is mentioned.
- polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether polyoxyethylene octyl nonyl ether, polyoxyethylene dodecyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl allyl ether, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan
- Polyoxyethylene alkylamino ethers such as monostearate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether phosphate monoethanolamine salt, polyoxyethylene lauryl amino ether, polyoxyethylene stearyl amino ether
- polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether phosphate monoethanolamine salt and polyoxyethylene lauryl amino ether are preferable in terms of production stability.
- the content of the surfactant (D) is preferably 0.01 to 3 parts by weight, particularly preferably 0.05 to 2.5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the PVA resin (A). More preferably, it is 0.1 to 2 parts by weight.
- the content is too small, the peelability between the cast surface of the film forming apparatus and the formed PVA-based film tends to decrease, and the productivity tends to decrease.
- the content is too large, the water-soluble film is used as a package. There is a tendency to cause inconvenience such as a decrease in adhesive strength at the time of sealing.
- water-soluble polymers for example, sodium polyacrylate, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, dextrin, chitosan, chitin, methylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, etc.
- perfumes for example, rust prevention, etc. within the range that does not hinder the object of the invention
- An agent, a coloring agent, a bulking agent, an antifoaming agent, an ultraviolet absorber, liquid paraffins, a fluorescent brightening agent, a bitter component (for example, denatonium benzoate, etc.) and the like can also be contained. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- an antioxidant from the viewpoint of suppressing yellowing.
- antioxidants include sulfites such as sodium sulfite, potassium sulfite, calcium sulfite, and ammonium sulfite, tartaric acid, ascorbic acid, sodium thiosulfate, techol, longalite, and the like, and among them, sulfites, particularly sulfites.
- Sodium is preferred.
- the amount of such an antioxidant is preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, particularly preferably 0.2 to 5 parts by weight, and more preferably 0.3 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the PVA resin (A). ⁇ 3 parts by weight.
- the water-soluble film of the present invention can be produced, for example, by the following method.
- a PVA-type film is manufactured by going through a film-forming process including a dissolving process, a casting process, and a drying process for preparing a film-forming raw material containing the PVA-based resin (A), and after the drying process of the film-forming process. And it can manufacture by passing through the process (i) of applying water to the surface of the obtained PVA-type film, and the process (ii) of heat-treating a film.
- a film-forming process including a dissolving process, a casting process, and a drying process for preparing a film-forming raw material containing the PVA-based resin (A), and after the drying process of the film-forming process.
- it can manufacture by passing through the process (i) of applying water to the surface of the obtained PVA-type film, and the process (ii) of heat-treating a film.
- each step will be specifically described.
- dissolution process shows the process until a PVA-type resin composition melt
- the melting temperature is usually 80 to 100 ° C., preferably 90 to 100 ° C. in the case of high-temperature melting, and usually 80 to 130 ° C., preferably 90 to 120 ° C. in the case of pressure melting.
- the dissolution time may be appropriately adjusted depending on the dissolution temperature and the pressure during dissolution, but is usually 1 to 20 hours, preferably 2 to 15 hours, particularly preferably 3 to 10 hours. If the dissolution time is too short, undissolved products tend to remain, and if the dissolution time is too long, productivity tends to decrease.
- examples of the stirring blade include paddle, full zone, max blend, twister, anchor, ribbon, and propeller.
- defoaming treatment is performed on the obtained PVA resin aqueous solution.
- examples of the defoaming method include stationary defoaming, vacuum defoaming, and biaxial extrusion defoaming. It is done. Of these, stationary defoaming and biaxial extrusion defoaming are preferable.
- the temperature for stationary defoaming is usually 50 to 100 ° C., preferably 70 to 95 ° C., and the defoaming time is usually 2 to 30 hours, preferably 5 to 20 hours.
- the solid content concentration of the film-forming raw material is preferably 10 to 50% by weight, particularly preferably 15 to 40% by weight, and further preferably 20 to 35% by weight. If the concentration is too low, the productivity of the film tends to decrease. If the concentration is too high, the viscosity becomes too high, and it takes time to defoam the film forming raw material, or a die line tends to occur during film formation. There is.
- the moisture content is 15% by weight through a casting process for shaping the film-forming raw material prepared in the dissolution step into a film and a drying process for drying the film-forming raw material as necessary. It adjusts to the PVA-type film made into the following.
- a casting process for shaping the film-forming raw material prepared in the dissolution step into a film
- a drying process for drying the film-forming raw material as necessary. It adjusts to the PVA-type film made into the following.
- methods such as a melt extrusion method and a casting method can be adopted, but the casting method is preferable in terms of film thickness accuracy.
- the temperature of the film-forming raw material immediately before casting (discharge part) is preferably 60 to 98 ° C., particularly preferably 70 to 95 ° C. If the temperature is too low, the viscosity of the film forming raw material tends to increase and the productivity of the PVA-based film tends to decrease, and if it is too high, foaming or the like tends to occur.
- the surface temperature of the cast surface is preferably 50 to 110 ° C., particularly preferably 70 to 100 ° C. If the surface temperature is too low, the moisture content of the film becomes high due to insufficient drying and tends to be blocked, and if it is too high, the film-forming raw material tends to foam and the film formation tends to be poor.
- drying by a hot roll drying by blowing hot air on a film using a floating dryer, drying by a far infrared device, a dielectric heating device, or the like can be used in combination.
- the film-forming raw material After the film-forming raw material is dried until the moisture content becomes 15% by weight or less in the above drying step, it is peeled off from the cast surface. To obtain a PVA film.
- the PVA-based film peeled from the cast surface (or dry hot roll) is cooled in an environment of 10 to 35 ° C.
- the surface of the PVA film of the present invention may be a plane, but on one side or both sides of the PVA film in terms of blocking resistance, slipperiness during processing, reduced adhesion between products, and appearance. It is also preferable to perform uneven processing such as an embossed pattern, a fine uneven pattern, and a special engraving pattern.
- the processing temperature is usually 60 to 150 ° C, preferably 80 to 140 ° C.
- the processing pressure is usually 2 to 8 MPa, preferably 3 to 7 MPa.
- the processing time is usually 0.01 to 5 seconds, preferably 0.1 to 3 seconds, although it depends on the processing pressure and the film forming speed.
- the PVA film is subjected to wet heat treatment, and among the wet heat treatment, in particular, water is applied to the PVA film and the film is subjected to heat treatment.
- the water-soluble film of the present invention that satisfies a specific crystallinity index difference between the front and back sides can be produced.
- a method for applying a surface of water to the above-described PVA-based film and performing a heat treatment will be described in detail. First, the process of surface-coating water with respect to the PVA-type film after drying is demonstrated.
- Water may be applied to the surface of the PVA-based film only with water or with a coating liquid mainly composed of water.
- a coating liquid it is necessary to have water as a main component for the purpose of controlling the crystallinity of the PVA film surface, and the water content of the coating liquid is usually 80% by weight or more, preferably It is 90% by weight or more, more preferably 99% by weight or more. If the water content of the coating liquid is too small, the curl suppressing effect is hardly exhibited, and thus the effects of the present application tend to be hardly obtained.
- components other than water include PVA resins, water-soluble polymers different from PVA resins, plasticizers, surfactants, fillers, antioxidants, fragrances, rust inhibitors, colorants, extenders, and antifoaming And an organic solvent such as an alcohol, ultraviolet absorber, fluorescent brightener, liquid paraffin, bitterness component (for example, denatonium benzoate) and alcohol. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Examples of the method of applying water to the surface of the PVA film include gravure offset coating, gravure coating, roll coating, bar coating, spray coating, and the like. An appropriate amount of water can be uniformly applied to the surface.
- the spray coating method and the roll coating method are preferable from the viewpoint of preventing dissolution and perforation of the water-soluble film by coating, and particularly, the method of coating while spraying water by the spray coating method is preferable.
- the temperature of the water or coating solution is usually about 0 to 60 ° C., preferably 5 to 50 ° C., and particularly preferably 10 to 40 ° C. If the temperature is too low, the moisture permeation action on the film surface tends to be reduced, and the curl suppressing effect tends to be difficult to be exhibited. If the temperature is too high, the water-soluble film tends to be dissolved or perforated.
- the coating amount is usually about 0.1 to 50 g / m 2 , preferably 0.5 to 10 g / m 2 , and particularly preferably 1.0 to 4 g / m 2 . If the amount is too small, the curl-inhibiting effect is difficult to be exhibited and the effect of the present application tends to be difficult to obtain. If the amount is too large, the water-soluble film is dissolved or perforated, or bubbles are generated. Tend.
- the distance between the spray nozzle and the film is usually about 5 to 100 cm, preferably 10 to 80 cm, and particularly preferably 20 to 60 cm. If the distance is too short, the water-soluble film tends to be dissolved or perforated. If the distance is too long, the curl suppressing effect is hardly exhibited, and the effect of the present application tends to be hardly obtained.
- the size of water droplets during spraying is usually 1 to 1000 ⁇ m, preferably 5 to 500 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 10 to 300 ⁇ m. If the size of the droplet is too small, the droplet tends to volatilize and the amount of water supplied to the film surface tends to decrease. If the size is too large, coating unevenness can occur and a sufficient curling suppression effect can be obtained. There is a tendency to become difficult to be.
- the film surface that comes into contact with the cast surface (endless belt, metal surface of the drum roll, etc.) of the two surfaces of the film is preferably performed on the side of the film surface opposite to the side.
- the heat treatment in the present invention is separate from drying during film formation, and stabilizes the crystalline state of the film surface controlled by the surface coating of the previous stage by giving an appropriate thermal history after surface coating with water.
- the purpose is to make it.
- the crystallinity is controlled in a state where the crystal state of PVA formed in advance is left, a short-term curl improvement effect can be obtained, but a long-term curl improvement effect is not satisfactory. It was enough.
- the time from the surface coating of water to the heat treatment is preferably 1 to 120 seconds, particularly preferably 2 to 60 seconds, and more preferably 3 to 40 seconds. If the time is too long, the water-soluble film tends to be dissolved or perforated. If the time is too short, the effect of surface coating tends to be weak and the curl suppressing effect tends to be difficult to be exhibited.
- the heat treatment temperature is preferably 80 to 130 ° C., particularly preferably 85 to 125 ° C., and further preferably 90 to 120 ° C. If the heat treatment temperature is too high, the sealing strength tends to be insufficient and the film solubility tends to be lowered. If the heat treatment temperature is too low, the amount of heat supplied to the film is reduced, and the long-term curl suppressing effect tends to be difficult to obtain.
- the heat treatment time is preferably 0.1 to 60 seconds, particularly preferably 0.5 to 20 seconds, and more preferably 1 to 10 seconds. If the heat treatment time is too long, the sealing strength tends to be insufficient and the film solubility tends to be reduced. If the heat treatment time is too short, the amount of heat supplied to the film is reduced and it is difficult to obtain a long-term curl suppressing effect.
- the heat treatment temperature and time are preferably high temperature for a short time, preferably 85 to 125 ° C. for 0.5 to 20 seconds, particularly preferably from the viewpoint of suppressing the decrease in film solubility and improving productivity. 90 to 120 ° C. for 1 to 10 seconds.
- the moisture content of the film after the heat treatment is usually 3 to 15% by weight, preferably 5 to 14% by weight, particularly preferably 8 to 11% by weight. If the moisture content is high, blocking tends to occur, and if it is too low, the film tends to be too hard.
- thermo-treating after surface coating of water As a method of heat-treating after surface coating of water, (a) a method of contacting a heated metal roll (heat roll) after surface coating of water, (b) heating after surface coating of water Applying a method of contacting a metal plate, (c) a method of spraying hot air after surface coating, (d) a method of heating by infrared irradiation, far-infrared irradiation, high frequency dielectric after water surface coating, etc. it can.
- the heat processing method by the contact type of (a) and (b) is preferable at the point which can control the heat processing to a coating surface directly. In the case of a hot roll, a plurality of rolls can be used.
- heat treatment when heat treatment is performed after surface coating with water, it is preferable to perform heat treatment on the same film surface as the surface coated film surface, and particularly preferably, the surface coated film surface is heated roll or metal. It is preferable from the viewpoint of curling of the film that the heat treatment is performed in contact with a heat treatment apparatus such as a plate.
- a winding process In the production of the water-soluble film of the present invention, a winding process, packaging, storage, transportation, and the like are performed as necessary after the above manufacturing process.
- a film roll In the winding process, a film roll is prepared by transporting and winding a PVA-based film (water-soluble film) that has been heat-treated after film formation, and winding the film on a core tube (S1).
- the obtained film roll can be supplied as a product as it is, but preferably after winding the wound PVA-based water-soluble film to a desired size width, a core tube having a length corresponding to the film width (S2)
- the film roll can be rewinded and supplied as a film roll of a desired size.
- the water-soluble film of the present invention thus obtained suppresses the occurrence of curling even after long-term storage, reduces the occurrence of poor sealing, and is useful for various packaging applications such as unit packaging applications for chemicals such as agricultural chemicals and detergents. is there.
- the water-soluble film of the present invention can be suitably used particularly as a water-soluble film for drug packaging.
- the water-soluble film for drug packaging is preferably a water-soluble film for detergent packaging or a water-soluble film for agricultural chemical packaging, and particularly preferably a water-soluble film for liquid detergent packaging.
- the chemical examples include agricultural chemicals such as insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides, fertilizers, detergents for clothing, dishwashing detergents, and the like, and detergents are particularly preferable.
- the shape of the drug may be liquid or solid. In the case of a liquid, it is in the form of a liquid, and as the liquid medicine, the viscosity is not particularly limited as long as it is fluid and changes its shape according to the container, but it is preferably 10 to 200 mPa ⁇ s. In addition, the viscosity of this liquid chemical
- medical agent is measured with the B-type rotational viscometer under normal temperature. In the case of a solid, examples thereof include granules, tablets, and powders.
- the drug is preferably a drug used by dissolving or dispersing in water.
- the pH of the drug may be alkaline, neutral or acidic.
- the pH value when dissolved or dispersed in water is preferably 6 to 12, particularly preferably 7 to 11, and the water content of the liquid detergent is 15% by weight or less. Particularly preferred is 0.1 to 10% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 7% by weight.
- the pH value is measured according to JIS K 3362 8.3.
- the water content is measured according to JIS K 3362 7.21.3.
- a medicine package of the present invention the above-mentioned medicine is included in a package made of a water-soluble film. Since it is packaged with a water-soluble film, it is used for applications in which the entire package is put into water, and after the water-soluble film is dissolved, the drug is dissolved or dispersed in water and the effect of the drug can be expressed. Therefore, it is suitable for a unit drug package in which a relatively small amount of drug such as one dose is packaged. In particular, it is suitable for individual packaging of liquid detergent, and the pharmaceutical packaging of the present invention in which the liquid detergent is packaged retains the shape containing the liquid detergent during storage and is in use (when washing). When the package (water-soluble film) comes into contact with water, the package is dissolved and the liquid detergent contained therein flows out of the package.
- the drug package of the present invention is manufactured by, for example, enclosing a drug in a package formed by adhering the ends of two water-soluble films cut into a square or a circle.
- the size of such a drug package is usually 10 to 50 mm, preferably 20 to 40 mm, on a side (diameter).
- the thickness of the water-soluble film used in such a package is usually 10 to 120 ⁇ m, preferably 15 to 110 ⁇ m, more preferably 20 to 100 ⁇ m.
- the amount of the drug to be included, for example, a liquid detergent is usually 5 to 50 mL, preferably 10 to 40 mL.
- a known method can be employed. For example, (1) a method for heat-sealing a water-soluble film, (2) a method for water-sealing, (3) a method for sealing an adhesive, etc. Among them, the method (2) water-sealing is versatile and preferable.
- the surface of the drug package of the present invention is usually smooth.
- embossed patterns, fine uneven patterns, special engraving patterns on the outer surface of the package (water-soluble film) in terms of blocking resistance, slipperiness during processing, reduced adhesion between products (package), and appearance , Etc. may have been subjected to uneven processing.
- Example 1 90 parts of carboxyl group-modified PVA (A1) having a 4% aqueous solution viscosity of 22 mPa ⁇ s at 20 ° C., an average saponification degree of 94 mol%, and a modification amount of 2.0 mol% with maleic acid monomethyl ester as the PVA resin (A) 10 parts unmodified PVA (A2) having a 4% aqueous solution viscosity at 20 ° C.
- plasticizer (B) 20 parts of sorbitol (b1) and glycerin (b2) 20 parts, 8 parts starch (average particle size 20 ⁇ m) as filler (C), 0.2 part polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether phosphate monoethanolamine salt and water as surfactant (D)
- D surfactant
- the major axis length and minor axis length of the ellipse are averaged.
- the numerical value [calculated by (major axis length + minor axis length) / 2] was defined as the curl length (R).
- Table 1 shows the results of evaluating the curled diameter length (R) according to the following evaluation criteria.
- Table 1 shows the results of visual evaluation of the film state immediately after the moisture surface coating and heat treatment were performed in three stages according to the following evaluation criteria.
- Example 2 A PVA water-soluble film having a moisture content of 8.5% was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of moisture applied was changed to 1.55 g / m 2 .
- the curl property and film state of the obtained water-soluble film were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 3 A PVA water-soluble film having a moisture content of 11.4% was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the amount of moisture applied was changed to 4.65 g / m 2 .
- the curl property and film state of the obtained water-soluble film were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 1 A PVA-based water-soluble film having a moisture content of 7% was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the moisture surface coating and the heat treatment were not performed.
- the curl property and film state of the obtained water-soluble film were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 2 a water-soluble film having a moisture content of 7% was obtained in the same manner except that the moisture surface coating was not performed.
- Xa 0.575
- Xb It was 0.562
- Xa-Xb 0.013.
- the curl property and film state of the obtained water-soluble film were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 3 a PVA water-soluble film having a moisture content of 10% was obtained in the same manner except that no heat treatment was performed.
- the curl property and film state of the obtained water-soluble film were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 4 In Example 1, the same procedure was performed except that the water coating amount was changed to 65 g / m 2 , but bubbles were generated in the film, and a normal film could not be obtained. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the water-soluble film of the present invention Since the water-soluble film of the present invention has curling suppressed even after long-term storage, it is particularly resistant to misalignment when molding a package and exhibits good sealing properties.
- (hydraulic) transfer film sanitary products such as napkins and paper diapers, filth disposal products such as ostomy bags, medical supplies such as blood-absorbing sheets, seedling sheets and seed tapes -Useful for temporary substrates such as embroidery base fabrics.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Wrappers (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
X=ABS1141/ABS1093 ・・・ (1)
ABS1141:波数1141cm-1の吸光度
ABS1093:波数1093cm-1の吸光度
本発明の水溶性フィルムは、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(A)を含有してなるフィルムで、フィルム両面で特定の結晶度指数の差を有するものである。
本発明では、フィルム表裏の結晶度指数に特定の差を設けることにより、フィルム表面での膨潤・収縮作用のバランスが保たれ、その結果として長期的なカール改善が達成されることを最大の特徴とする。
以下、ポリビニルアルコールを「PVA」、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂を主成分として含有してなるフィルムを「PVA系フィルム」、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂を主成分とする水溶性フィルムを「PVA系水溶性フィルム」と略記することがある。
また、本発明におけるフィルム面とは、フィルム厚み面を除く、フィルム表裏面の少なくとも一方をいう。
X= ABS1141/ABS1093 ・・・ (1)
ABS1141: 波数1141cm-1の吸光度
ABS1093: 波数1093cm-1の吸光度
本発明における赤外分光分析とは、全反射減衰(Attenuated Total Reflectance)を利用する一回反射型ATR法により赤外吸収スペクトルを測定する分析方法である。この分析方法は、高い屈折率を持つATRプリズムを試料に密着させ、ATRプリズムを通して赤外線を試料に照射し、ATRプリズムからの出射光を分光分析する方法を用いる。
全反射減衰法(ATR法)による赤外分光分析では、試料とATRプリズムとを密着させるだけでスペクトルを測定できるという簡便さがあり、一般的に1000cm-1付近での入射角45°のダイヤモンドATR結晶による滲み込み深さは約2μmと知られていることから、フィルム表層部分に着目したPVA結晶性に関する評価が可能である。
すなわち、結晶度指数Xが大きい値を示す場合には、フィルム表層部分の結晶性が高く、吸湿に伴う寸法変化が生じにくい性質であることを示している。反対に、結晶度指数Xが小さい値を示す場合には、フィルム表層部分の結晶性が低く、吸湿に伴い膨潤・収縮等の寸法変化が生じやすい性質であることを示している。
フィルム表面の結晶度指数Xは、以下の方法により測定する。
具体的には、縦幅160mm、横幅120mmにカットした水溶性フィルムの表面、裏面の5点(1.縦40mm・横30mm、 2.縦40mm・横90mm、 3.縦120mm・横30mm、 4.縦120mm・横90mm、 5.縦80mm・横60mm)について、下記の測定装置及び測定条件により、全反射減衰法(ATR法)による赤外吸収スペクトルを得る。
・ATRプリズム:PKS-D615P(日本分光社製)[材質:ダイヤモンド、試料接触面積:2.0mmφ、入射角(中心):45°]
・測定法:1回反射ATR法
・測定波数領域:4000~400cm-1
・ATR補正:実施(異常分散方式)[範囲:4000~400cm-1、反復回数:1回、入射角:45.0°、プリズム屈折率:2.400(ダイヤモンド)、サンプル屈折率:1.500、ゼロベース補正:有効]
・検出器:DLATGS
・ビームスプリッタ:Ge/KBr
・分解能:4cm-1
・積算回数:32回(バックグランド測定時は16回)
ABS1141は、赤外吸収スペクトル曲線における波数1163cm-1±7.5cm-1での最低吸収位置と、赤外吸収スペクトル曲線における波数993cm-1±7.5cm-1での最低吸収位置とを結ぶ直線をベースラインとした波数1141cm-1±7.5cm-1の領域の赤外吸収スペクトル曲線におけるベースラインとの吸光度差(測定された吸光度-ベースラインの吸光度)の最大値のことであり、それを波数1141cm-1での吸光度ABS1141とする。
また、ABS1093とは、赤外吸収スペクトル曲線における波数1163cm-1±7.5cm-1での最低吸収位置と、赤外吸収スペクトル曲線における波数993cm-1±7.5cm-1での最低吸収位置とを結ぶ直線をベースラインとした波数1093cm-1±7.5cm-1の領域の赤外吸収スペクトル曲線におけるベースラインとの吸光度差(測定された吸光度-ベースラインの吸光度)の最大値のことであり、それを波数1093cm-1での吸光度ABS1093とする。
すなわち、測定したフィルム表面の結晶化指数がフィルム裏面の結晶化指数より高い場合は、フィルム表面の結晶化指数がXa、フィルム裏面の結晶化指数がXbとなる。フィルム表面の結晶化指数がフィルム裏面の結晶化指数より低い場合は、フィルム裏面の結晶化指数がXa、フィルム表面の結晶化指数がXbとなる。また、フィルム表面の結晶化指数がフィルム裏面の結晶化指数と等しい場合には、Xa-Xbが0となる。
X= ABS1141/ABS1093 ・・・ (1)
ABS1141: 波数1141cm-1の吸光度
ABS1093: 波数1093cm-1の吸光度
Xa-Xbが小さすぎると、フィルムを長期間保管した際にカールが発生する傾向にあり、本願の作用効果が得られない。また、Xa-Xbが大きすぎると、シール性、印刷適性等の表面物性が悪化する傾向がある。
なかでも(i)の方法が片側のフィルム表面のみに限定して結晶性制御を行いやすい点で好ましい。(i)の方法の詳細については、後述する。
本発明で用いられるPVA系樹脂(A)は、未変性PVAであっても変性PVA系樹脂であってもよく、好ましくは変性PVA系樹脂である。
また、ケン化度、粘度、変性種、変性量のうち少なくとも1つが異なる2種以上のPVA系樹脂を併用することも可能である。具体例としては、未変性PVA同士を2種以上併用すること、変性PVA系樹脂同士を2種以上併用すること、未変性PVAと変性PVA系樹脂を2種以上併用すること等が挙げられる。
なお、本発明において主成分とは、水溶性フィルム全体の50重量%以上を占める成分を意味するものであり、好ましくは55重量%以上、特に好ましくは60重量%以上、更に、水溶性フィルム全体がPVA系樹脂(A)のみからなる場合も含む。
そして、PVA系樹脂(A)として、変性PVA系樹脂を用いる場合には、変性PVA系樹脂の20℃における4重量%水溶液粘度は、5~50mPa・sであることが好ましく、特には10~45mPa・s、更には15~40mPa・sであることが好ましい。
かかる粘度が小さすぎると、包装材料としての水溶性フィルムの機械的強度が低下する傾向があり、一方、かかる粘度が大きすぎると製膜時の水溶液粘度が高く生産性が低下する傾向がある。
特に溶解性や水シール性等のフィルム物性の観点からは、未変性PVA/変性PVA系樹脂=5/95~40/60であることが好ましく、特に好ましくは6/94~30/70、更に好ましくは7/93~20/80である。未変性PVAの含有割合が少なすぎると水シール性が低下する傾向があり、変性PVA系樹脂の含有割合が小さすぎると溶解性が低下する傾向がある。
本発明のPVA系フィルムにおいては、更に可塑剤(B)を含有させることがフィルムに柔軟性や、成形容易性を付与する点で好ましい。可塑剤(B)は1種のみを用いても、2種以上を併用してもよいが、2種以上を併用することが、包装体として用いる場合のフィルム自身の強靭さや、特に液体洗剤を包装した際の包装体の経時的な形状安定性の点で好ましい。
また、糖アルコール、単糖類、多糖類も用いることができ、例えば、サリチルアルコール、カテコール、レゾルシノール、ヒドロキノン、ビスフェノールA、ビスフェノールF、ネオペンチルグリコール等の2価アルコール、フロログルシノール等の3価アルコール、エリスリトール、トレイトール、ペンタエリスリトール等の4価アルコール、キシリトール、アラビトール、フシトール、グルコース、フルクトース等の5価アルコール、マンニトール、ソルビトール、イノシトール等の6価アルコール、ラクチトール、スクロース、トレハロース等の8価アルコール、マルチトール等の9価以上のアルコール等が挙げられる。これらは単独であるいは2種以上併せて用いられる。
耐カール性に優れる点や強度と柔軟性のバランスが良い点からは、グリセリンとソルビトールを併用することが好ましい。
かかる有機フィラーとしては、主に高分子化合物の中から選択され、例えば、メラミン系樹脂、ポリメチル(メタ)アクリレート系樹脂、ポリスチレン系樹脂の他、澱粉、ポリ乳酸等の生分解性樹脂等が挙げられる。これらは単独でもしくは2種以上併せて用いることができる。これらのなかでも、ポリメチル(メタ)アクリレート系樹脂、ポリスチレン系樹脂、澱粉等の生分解性樹脂が好ましく、特にはPVA系樹脂(A)に対する分散性の点から澱粉が好ましい。
無機フィラーとしては、例えば、シリカ(二酸化ケイ素)、珪藻土、酸化チタン、酸化カルシウム、酸化マグネシウム、酸化アルミニウム、酸化バリウム、酸化ゲルマニウム、酸化スズ、酸化亜鉛等の酸化物系無機化合物や、タルク、クレー、カオリン、雲母、アスベスト、石膏、グラファイト、ガラスバルーン、ガラスビーズ、硫酸カルシウム、硫酸バリウム、硫酸アンモニウム、亜硫酸カルシウム、炭酸カルシウム、ウィスカー状炭酸カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、ドーソナイト、ドロマイト、チタン酸カリウム、カーボンブラック、ガラス繊維、アルミナ繊維、ボロン繊維、加工鉱物繊維、炭素繊維、炭素中空球、ベントナイト、モンモリロナイト、銅粉、硫酸ナトリウム、硫酸カリウム、硫酸亜鉛、硫酸銅、硫酸鉄、硫酸マグネシウム、硫酸アルミニウム、硫酸アルミニウムカリウム、硝酸アンモニウム、硝酸ナトリウム、硝酸カリウム、硝酸アルミニウム、塩化アンモニウム、塩化ナトリウム、塩化カリウム、塩化マグネシウム、塩化カルシウム、リン酸ナトリウム、クロム酸カリウム等が挙げられる。これらは、単独でもしくは2種以上併せて用いることができる。
本発明の水溶性フィルムは、例えば下記の方法で製造することができる。
まず、PVA系樹脂(A)を含有する製膜原料を調製する溶解工程、流延工程、乾燥工程を備える製膜工程を経ることによりPVA系フィルムを製造し、上記製膜工程の乾燥工程後に、得られたPVA系フィルムの表面に水を塗工する工程(i)、及びフィルムを熱処理する工程(ii)を経ることにより製造することができる。
以下、各工程について具体的に説明する。
溶解工程では、PVA系樹脂(A)、好ましくは更に可塑剤(B)、必要に応じて更に、フィラー(C)及び界面活性剤(D)等を含有してなるPVA系樹脂組成物を水で溶解または分散して、製膜原料となる水溶液または水分散液を調製する。
なお、溶解工程はPVA系樹脂組成物が水に溶解または分散して未溶解物のない製膜原料を得るまでの工程を示す。
溶解温度としては、高温溶解の場合には、通常80~100℃、好ましくは90~100℃であり、加圧溶解の場合には、通常80~130℃、好ましくは90~120℃である。溶解時間としては、溶解温度、溶解時の圧力により適宜調整すればよいが、通常1~20時間、好ましくは2~15時間、特に好ましくは3~10時間である。溶解時間が短すぎると未溶解物が残る傾向にあり、長すぎると生産性が低下する傾向にある。
更に、溶解した後、得られたPVA系樹脂水溶液に対して脱泡処理が行われるが、かかる脱泡方法としては、例えば、静置脱泡、真空脱泡、二軸押出脱泡等が挙げられる。なかでも静置脱泡、二軸押出脱泡が好ましい。静置脱泡の温度としては、通常50~100℃、好ましくは70~95℃であり、脱泡時間は、通常2~30時間、好ましくは5~20時間である。
製膜工程では、上記溶解工程で調製した製膜原料を膜状に賦形する流延工程と、必要に応じて製膜原料を乾燥させる乾燥工程とを経ることで、水分率を15重量%以下にしたPVA系フィルムに調整する。
製膜に当たっては、例えば、溶融押出法や流延法等の方法を採用することができるが、膜厚の精度の点で流延法が好ましい。
また、製膜時の乾燥においては、熱ロールによる乾燥、フローティングドライヤーを用いてフィルムに熱風を吹き付ける乾燥や遠赤外線装置、誘電加熱装置による乾燥等を併用することもできる。
かかる凹凸加工に際しては、加工温度は、通常60~150℃であり、好ましくは80~140℃である。加工圧力は、通常2~8MPa、好ましくは3~7MPaである。加工時間は、上記加工圧力、製膜速度にもよるが、通常0.01~5秒間であり、好ましくは0.1~3秒間である。
また、必要に応じて、凹凸加工処理の後に、熱によるフィルムの意図しない延伸を防止するために、冷却処理を施してもよい。
以下、上述のPVA系フィルムに水を表面塗工して、熱処理をする方法について詳細に説明する。
まず、乾燥した後のPVA系フィルムに対して、水を表面塗工する工程について説明する。
水以外の成分としては、例えば、PVA系樹脂、PVA系樹脂と異なる水溶性高分子、可塑剤、界面活性剤、フィラー、酸化防止剤、香料、防錆剤、着色剤、増量剤、消泡剤、紫外線吸収剤、蛍光増白剤、流動パラフィン類、苦味成分(例えば、安息香酸デナトニウム等)、アルコール類等の有機溶剤を含有させることが挙げられる。これらは単独でもしくは2種以上併せて用いることができる。
かかる温度が低すぎると、フィルム表面での水分浸透作用が低下して、カール抑制効果が発現しにくくなる傾向があり、高すぎると、水溶性フィルムの溶解や穴あきが発生する傾向がある。
かかる量が少なすぎると、カール抑制効果が発現しにくく、本願の作用効果が得られにくい傾向があり、多すぎると、水溶性フィルムの溶解や穴あきが発生したり、気泡が発生したりする傾向がある。
かかる距離が短すぎると、水溶性フィルムの溶解や穴あきが発生する傾向があり、長すぎると、カール抑制効果が発現しにくくり、本願の作用効果が得られにくくなる傾向がある。
かかる液滴の大きさが小さすぎると、液滴が揮発しやすくフィルム表面に供給される水分量が減少する傾向があり、大きすぎると、塗工ムラができて、充分なカール抑制効果が得られにくくなる傾向がある。
本発明における熱処理は、製膜時の乾燥とは別であり、水を表面塗工した後に適度な熱履歴を与えることで、前段の表面塗工により制御されたフィルム表面の結晶状態を安定化させることを目的とするものである。
従来の熱処理方法では、予め製造過程で形成されたPVAの結晶状態を残した状態で結晶性を制御するために、短期的なカール改善効果は得られるものの、長期的なカール改善効果については不充分であった。
水を表面塗工してから熱処理を行うまでの時間としては、1~120秒間であることが好ましく、特に好ましくは2~60秒間、更に好ましくは3~40秒間である。かかる時間が長過ぎると水溶性フィルムの溶解や穴あきが発生する傾向があり、かかる時間が短すぎると表面塗工の効果が弱くカール抑制効果が発現しにくくなる傾向にある。
本発明の水溶性フィルムの製造においては、上記の製造工程の後で、巻取工程、包装、保管、輸送等が必要に応じて実施される。
巻取工程では、製膜後、湿熱処理したPVA系フィルム(水溶性フィルム)を搬送して巻き取り、芯管(S1)に巻き取ることによりフィルムロールを調製する。得られたフィルムロールは、そのまま製品として供給することもできるが、好ましくは巻き取ったPVA系水溶性フィルムを所望のサイズ幅にスリットした後、フィルム幅に見合った長さの芯管(S2)に巻き取り直し、所望のサイズのフィルムロールとして供給することもできる。
本発明の水溶性フィルムは、特に薬剤包装用水溶性フィルムとして好適に用いることができる。薬剤包装用水溶性フィルムとしては、好ましくは、洗剤包装用水溶性フィルムや農薬包装用水溶性フィルム、特に好ましくは液体洗剤包装用水溶性フィルムである。
また、薬剤のpHは、アルカリ性、中性、酸性のいずれであってもよい。液体洗剤においては、水に溶解または分散させた時のpH値が6~12であることが好ましく、特には7~11が好ましく、また、液体洗剤の水分量が15重量%以下であることが好ましく、特には0.1~10重量%、更には0.1~7重量%であるものが好ましい。
なお、上記pH値は、JIS K 3362 8.3に準拠して測定される。また、水分量は、JIS K 3362 7.21.3に準じて測定される。
本発明の薬剤包装体としては、水溶性フィルムからなる包装体内に上述の薬剤が内包されてなるものである。水溶性フィルムで包装されているため、包装体ごと水に投入し、水溶性フィルムが溶解した後に、薬剤が水に溶解または分散して、薬剤の効果が発現できる用途に用いられる。そのため、1回分等の比較的少量の薬剤が包装されているユニット薬剤包装体に好適である。
特に、液体洗剤の個包装体に好適であり、液体洗剤を包装した本発明の薬剤包装体は、保存の際には液体洗剤を内包した形状が保持されており、使用時(洗濯時)には、包装体(水溶性フィルム)が水と接触することにより、包装体が溶解して内包されている液体洗剤が包装体から流出することとなる。
なお、例中、「部」、「%」とあるのは、重量基準を意味する。
PVA系樹脂(A)として、20℃における4%水溶液粘度22mPa・s、平均ケン化度94モル%、マレイン酸モノメチルエステルによる変性量2.0モル%のカルボキシル基変性PVA(A1)を90部、20℃における4%水溶液粘度18mPa・s、平均ケン化度88モル%の未変性PVA(A2)を10部、可塑剤(B)として、ソルビトール(b1)を20部及びグリセリン(b2)を20部、フィラー(C)として、澱粉(平均粒子径20μm)を8部、界面活性剤(D)として、ポリオキシアルキレンアルキルエーテルリン酸エステルモノエタノールアミン塩を0.2部及び水を混合して、溶解処理をし、澱粉が分散したPVA系樹脂水溶液(固形分濃度30%)を得た。
そして、かかるPVA系樹脂水溶液を用い、ステンレス製のエンドレスベルトを備えたベルト製膜機により流延製膜法に従い製膜し、温度95℃の条件で4分間乾燥させ、PVA系フィルムを得た(フィルム幅:1000mm、フィルム長さ:300m、フィルム膜厚:76μm)。
次に、乾燥したPVA系フィルムの蒸発面側に対して、容量500ccの散水スプレーボトルを用いて、イオン交換水を水温20℃、塗工量3.1g/m2、スプレーノズルからフィルム間の距離40cmの条件で、スプレーで散水させながら水分を表面塗工した後に室温(23℃)で20秒間静置して、表面温度110℃に調整した金属板の上でスプレー塗工面側を金属板と接触させて110℃で2秒間の熱処理を行い、水分率10%の水溶性フィルムを得た。
得られた水溶性フィルムについて、全反射減衰法(ATR法)による赤外分光分析で前記式(1)に表されるフィルム両面の結晶度指数を測定した結果、Xa=0.597、Xb=0.555であり、Xa-Xbは0.042であった。
(評価方法)
上記で得られた水溶性フィルムを流れ方向(MD)160mm、幅方向(TD)120mmに切り出して、下(図1)のようにフィルムのTDの一辺を固定して、フィルムを23℃、50%RHの環境下に10日間ぶら下げた時に、下部から見たときのフィルムのカール径の長さ(R)を測定し、評価した。なお、両端でカール径が異なる場合は、数値の小さい方をカール径の長さ(R)として採用した。
カール形状が真円である場合には、真円の直径長さをカール径の長さ(R)とし、カール形状が楕円である場合には、楕円の長径長さ、短径長さを平均化した数値〔(長径長さ+短径長さ)/2で算出〕をカール径の長さ(R)とした。得られたカール径の長さ(R)について、下記の評価基準にて評価した結果を表1に示す。
3点・・・カールが未発生で、カール径が存在しない
2点・・・カール径の長さ(R)が15mm以上であり、カールに伴うフィルム曲線変形が緩い
1点・・・カール径の長さ(R)が15mm未満であり、カールに伴うフィルム曲線変形が強い
(評価方法)
水分表面塗工及び熱処理を実施した直後のフィルム状態について、下記の評価基準にて3段階で目視評価した結果を表1に示す。
3点・・・フィルム外観、塗工面の表面状態がともに良好
2点・・・フィルム外観は良好だが、塗工面が粘着性を示してブロッキングしやすい状態
1点・・・フィルムに気泡が発生
実施例1において、水分の塗工量を1.55g/m2に変更した以外は同様にして、水分率8.5%のPVA系水溶性フィルムを得た。得られたPVA系水溶性フィルムについて、全反射減衰法(ATR法)による赤外分光分析で前記式(1)に表されるフィルム表面の結晶度指数を測定した結果、Xa=0.559、Xb=0.543であり、Xa-Xbは0.016であった。
得られた水溶性フィルムを実施例1と同様にカール性及びフィルム状態を評価した。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1において、水分の塗工量を4.65g/m2に変更した以外は同様にして、水分率11.4%のPVA系水溶性フィルムを得た。得られたPVA系水溶性フィルムについて、全反射減衰法(ATR法)による赤外分光分析で前記式(1)に表されるフィルム表面の結晶度指数を測定した結果、Xa=0.572、Xb=0.514であり、Xa-Xbは0.058であった。得られた水溶性フィルムを実施例1と同様にカール性及びフィルム状態を評価した。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1において、水分表面塗工と熱処理を行わなかった以外は同様にして、水分率7%のPVA系水溶性フィルムを得た。得られたPVA系水溶性フィルムについて、全反射減衰法(ATR法)による赤外分光分析で前記式(1)に表されるフィルム表面の結晶度指数を測定した結果、Xa=0.578、Xb=0.577であり、Xa-Xbは0.001であった。
得られた水溶性フィルムを実施例1と同様にカール性及びフィルム状態を評価した。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1において、水分表面塗工を行わなかった以外は同様にして、水分率7%の水溶性フィルムを得た。得られた水溶性フィルムについて、全反射減衰法(ATR法)による赤外分光分析で前記式(1)に表されるフィルム表面の結晶度指数を測定した結果、Xa=0.575、Xb=0.562であり、Xa-Xbは0.013であった。
得られた水溶性フィルムを実施例1と同様にカール性及びフィルム状態を評価した。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1において、熱処理を行わなかった以外は同様にして、水分率10%のPVA系水溶性フィルムを得た。得られたPVA系水溶性フィルムについて、全反射減衰法(ATR法)による赤外分光分析で前記式(1)に表されるフィルム表面の結晶度指数を測定した結果、Xa=0.550、Xb=0.550であり、Xa-Xbは0.000であった。
得られた水溶性フィルムを実施例1と同様にカール性及びフィルム状態を評価した。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1において、水分の塗工量を65g/m2に変更した以外は同様にしたが、フィルムに気泡が発生して正常なフィルムを得ることができなかった。結果を表1に示す。
本発明で規定する構成要件を満足する実施例1~3の水溶性フィルムを用いて薬剤包装体を成形した際にも、外観性に優れる包装体が得られることがわかる。
Claims (10)
- ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(A)を含有してなる水溶性フィルムであって、上記水溶性フィルムのフィルム両面に対して、全反射減衰法による赤外分光分析で下記式(1)に表されるフィルム両面の結晶度指数Xを測定した際に、フィルムの一方の面における結晶度指数をXa、他方の面における結晶度指数をXb、但し、Xa≧Xbとする場合、フィルム両面の結晶度指数の差Xa-Xbが0.015~0.10であることを特徴とする水溶性フィルム。
X=ABS1141/ABS1093 ・・・ (1)
ABS1141:波数1141cm-1の吸光度
ABS1093:波数1093cm-1の吸光度 - 更に可塑剤(B)を含有することを特徴とする請求項1記載の水溶性フィルム。
- 上記可塑剤(B)の含有量が、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(A)100重量部に対して5重量部以上であることを特徴とする請求項2記載の水溶性フィルム。
- 更にフィラー(C)を含有することを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の水溶性フィルム。
- 上記フィラー(C)の含有量が、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(A)100重量部に対して、1~30重量部であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の水溶性フィルム。
- 上記ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(A)が、アニオン性基変性ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(a1)を含有することを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の水溶性フィルム。
- 請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の水溶性フィルムで形成された包装体と、上記包装体に包装された薬剤とからなることを特徴とする薬剤包装体。
- 薬剤が洗剤であることを特徴とする請求項7記載の薬剤包装体。
- 薬剤が液体洗剤であることを特徴とする請求項7または8記載の薬剤包装体。
- 請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の水溶性フィルムの製造方法であって、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(A)を含有するポリビニルアルコール系フィルムを製膜する工程と、上記ポリビニルアルコール系フィルムに水を表面塗工する工程と、熱処理工程とを有することを特徴とする水溶性フィルムの製造方法。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2019517448A JP7238769B2 (ja) | 2018-03-29 | 2019-03-28 | 水溶性フィルム及びその製造方法、並びに薬剤包装体 |
EP19776390.7A EP3778732A4 (en) | 2018-03-29 | 2019-03-28 | WATER SOLUBLE FILM, ITS PRODUCTION PROCESS AND PHARMACEUTICAL PACKAGING |
CN201980017808.1A CN111819229A (zh) | 2018-03-29 | 2019-03-28 | 水溶性薄膜及其制造方法、以及药剂包装体 |
US17/030,427 US11634547B2 (en) | 2018-03-29 | 2020-09-24 | Water-soluble film, production method thereof, and chemical agent package |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2018063961 | 2018-03-29 | ||
JP2018-063961 | 2018-03-29 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US17/030,427 Continuation US11634547B2 (en) | 2018-03-29 | 2020-09-24 | Water-soluble film, production method thereof, and chemical agent package |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2019189685A1 true WO2019189685A1 (ja) | 2019-10-03 |
Family
ID=68061948
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2019/013857 WO2019189685A1 (ja) | 2018-03-29 | 2019-03-28 | 水溶性フィルム及びその製造方法、並びに薬剤包装体 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11634547B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3778732A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP7238769B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN111819229A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2019189685A1 (ja) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2002273791A (ja) * | 2001-03-16 | 2002-09-25 | Nippon Synthetic Chem Ind Co Ltd:The | エンボス加工されたポリビニルアルコール系フィルムの製造方法 |
JP2002301899A (ja) * | 2001-04-04 | 2002-10-15 | Nippon Synthetic Chem Ind Co Ltd:The | 転写印刷用ベースフィルム |
JP2009051947A (ja) * | 2007-08-27 | 2009-03-12 | Nippon Synthetic Chem Ind Co Ltd:The | 農薬包装用水溶性フィルム |
WO2017043508A1 (ja) | 2015-09-11 | 2017-03-16 | 日本合成化学工業株式会社 | 水溶性フィルム及び薬剤包装体 |
WO2017043509A1 (ja) | 2015-09-11 | 2017-03-16 | 日本合成化学工業株式会社 | 水溶性フィルム、薬剤包装体及び水溶性フィルムの製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2948697A (en) * | 1958-04-23 | 1960-08-09 | Du Pont | Plasticized polyvinyl alcohol composition |
JPS5223368B2 (ja) * | 1973-11-26 | 1977-06-23 | ||
JPH06138321A (ja) * | 1992-10-27 | 1994-05-20 | Kuraray Co Ltd | ポリビニルアルコール系重合体フィルム |
US6759001B2 (en) | 2000-05-19 | 2004-07-06 | The Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. | Method for producing embossed poly(vinyl alcohol) film |
JP5116911B2 (ja) * | 2000-05-19 | 2013-01-09 | 株式会社クラレ | 水溶性フィルムの製造法 |
JP3478534B2 (ja) * | 2000-07-17 | 2003-12-15 | 株式会社クラレ | ポリビニルアルコールフィルムおよび偏光フィルム |
JP4056859B2 (ja) * | 2002-11-11 | 2008-03-05 | 日本合成化学工業株式会社 | 水溶性フィルム |
CA2962792C (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2019-08-13 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Articles comprising water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol blend film and related methods |
US10053546B2 (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2018-08-21 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Water soluble packaging |
JPWO2017043513A1 (ja) | 2015-09-11 | 2018-06-21 | 日本合成化学工業株式会社 | 水溶性フィルム、薬剤包装体及び水溶性フィルムの製造方法 |
JP6809227B2 (ja) * | 2015-09-11 | 2021-01-06 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | 液体洗剤包装用水溶性フィルム及び液体洗剤包装体 |
-
2019
- 2019-03-28 CN CN201980017808.1A patent/CN111819229A/zh active Pending
- 2019-03-28 JP JP2019517448A patent/JP7238769B2/ja active Active
- 2019-03-28 WO PCT/JP2019/013857 patent/WO2019189685A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2019-03-28 EP EP19776390.7A patent/EP3778732A4/en active Pending
-
2020
- 2020-09-24 US US17/030,427 patent/US11634547B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2002273791A (ja) * | 2001-03-16 | 2002-09-25 | Nippon Synthetic Chem Ind Co Ltd:The | エンボス加工されたポリビニルアルコール系フィルムの製造方法 |
JP2002301899A (ja) * | 2001-04-04 | 2002-10-15 | Nippon Synthetic Chem Ind Co Ltd:The | 転写印刷用ベースフィルム |
JP2009051947A (ja) * | 2007-08-27 | 2009-03-12 | Nippon Synthetic Chem Ind Co Ltd:The | 農薬包装用水溶性フィルム |
WO2017043508A1 (ja) | 2015-09-11 | 2017-03-16 | 日本合成化学工業株式会社 | 水溶性フィルム及び薬剤包装体 |
WO2017043509A1 (ja) | 2015-09-11 | 2017-03-16 | 日本合成化学工業株式会社 | 水溶性フィルム、薬剤包装体及び水溶性フィルムの製造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN111819229A (zh) | 2020-10-23 |
JP7238769B2 (ja) | 2023-03-14 |
US11634547B2 (en) | 2023-04-25 |
EP3778732A1 (en) | 2021-02-17 |
JPWO2019189685A1 (ja) | 2021-02-12 |
EP3778732A4 (en) | 2021-05-26 |
US20210009773A1 (en) | 2021-01-14 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2017043509A1 (ja) | 水溶性フィルム、薬剤包装体及び水溶性フィルムの製造方法 | |
WO2017043513A1 (ja) | 水溶性フィルム、薬剤包装体及び水溶性フィルムの製造方法 | |
JP7099317B2 (ja) | 水溶性フィルム及び薬剤包装体、ならびに水溶性フィルムの製造方法 | |
JP2017078166A (ja) | 水溶性フィルム及び薬剤包装体 | |
WO2017043511A1 (ja) | 水溶性フィルム及び薬剤包装体 | |
JP7192773B2 (ja) | ポリビニルアルコール系フィルム及び薬剤包装体 | |
JP7234626B2 (ja) | ポリビニルアルコール系フィルム及び薬剤包装体 | |
JP7119374B2 (ja) | 水溶性フィルム及び薬剤包装体 | |
WO2017043510A1 (ja) | 液体洗剤包装用水溶性フィルム及び液体洗剤包装体 | |
JPWO2018123892A1 (ja) | 水溶性フィルムおよび薬剤包装体 | |
JP2017115128A (ja) | 水溶性フィルム及び薬剤包装体 | |
JP2017095679A (ja) | 水溶性フィルム及び薬剤包装体 | |
JP2017119434A (ja) | 水溶性フィルム、薬剤包装体及び水溶性フィルムの製造方法 | |
JP2017110213A (ja) | 薬剤包装体及び薬剤包装体の製造方法 | |
JP2017106002A (ja) | 水溶性フィルム及び薬剤包装体 | |
WO2017043514A1 (ja) | フィルムロール及び薬剤包装体 | |
WO2019189684A1 (ja) | 水溶性フィルムおよびその製造方法、並びに薬剤包装体 | |
JP7238769B2 (ja) | 水溶性フィルム及びその製造方法、並びに薬剤包装体 | |
JP7099273B2 (ja) | ポリビニルアルコール系水溶性フィルム及びその製造方法、ならびに薬剤包装体 | |
JP2017106008A (ja) | 水溶性フィルム及び薬剤包装体 | |
EP3564151B1 (en) | Liquid chemical agent package and production method therefor | |
JP2019189706A (ja) | 水溶性フィルム及び薬剤包装体 | |
JP7234625B2 (ja) | ポリビニルアルコール系フィルム及びその製造方法、ならびに薬剤包装体 | |
JPWO2017043507A1 (ja) | 水溶性フィルムおよびそれを用いた薬剤包装体、並びに水溶性フィルムの製造方法 | |
WO2022163816A1 (ja) | 水溶性フィルム及び薬剤包装体 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2019517448 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 19776390 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2019776390 Country of ref document: EP |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2019776390 Country of ref document: EP Effective date: 20201029 |