WO2022163816A1 - 水溶性フィルム及び薬剤包装体 - Google Patents
水溶性フィルム及び薬剤包装体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022163816A1 WO2022163816A1 PCT/JP2022/003338 JP2022003338W WO2022163816A1 WO 2022163816 A1 WO2022163816 A1 WO 2022163816A1 JP 2022003338 W JP2022003338 W JP 2022003338W WO 2022163816 A1 WO2022163816 A1 WO 2022163816A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- pva
- water
- film
- polyvinyl alcohol
- based resin
- Prior art date
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- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005990 polystyrene resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000166 polytrimethylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001290 polyvinyl ester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GRLPQNLYRHEGIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J potassium aluminium sulfate Chemical compound [Al+3].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O GRLPQNLYRHEGIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BHZRJJOHZFYXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfite Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])=O BHZRJJOHZFYXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019252 potassium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- UIIIBRHUICCMAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-ene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC=C UIIIBRHUICCMAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XWGJFPHUCFXLBL-UHFFFAOYSA-M rongalite Chemical compound [Na+].OCS([O-])=O XWGJFPHUCFXLBL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 1
- CDAISMWEOUEBRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N scyllo-inosotol Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C1O CDAISMWEOUEBRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010199 sorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940075582 sorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960004274 stearic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical class [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCO UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229960002703 undecylenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940100445 wheat starch Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D65/00—Wrappers or flexible covers; Packaging materials of special type or form
- B65D65/38—Packaging materials of special type or form
- B65D65/46—Applications of disintegrable, dissolvable or edible materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L29/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical; Compositions of hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L29/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08L29/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/04—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties combined with or containing other objects
- C11D17/041—Compositions releasably affixed on a substrate or incorporated into a dispensing means
- C11D17/042—Water soluble or water disintegrable containers or substrates containing cleaning compositions or additives for cleaning compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/04—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties combined with or containing other objects
- C11D17/041—Compositions releasably affixed on a substrate or incorporated into a dispensing means
- C11D17/042—Water soluble or water disintegrable containers or substrates containing cleaning compositions or additives for cleaning compositions
- C11D17/043—Liquid or thixotropic (gel) compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2329/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Derivatives of such polymer
- C08J2329/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08J2329/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2403/00—Characterised by the use of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
- C08J2403/02—Starch; Degradation products thereof, e.g. dextrin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2429/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Derivatives of such polymer
- C08J2429/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08J2429/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a water-soluble film and drug package containing polyvinyl alcohol-based resin as a main component.
- the present invention relates to a water-soluble film and a drug package capable of improving bag breakage resistance, that is, suppressing premature leakage and dissolution of packaged drugs such as liquid detergents.
- Polyvinyl alcohol-based film is a film made of polyvinyl alcohol-based resin, which is a thermoplastic resin and has water solubility. It is also used as a film and is used in a wide range of fields. Specifically, packaging (unit packaging) for chemicals such as agricultural chemicals and detergents, (hydraulic) transfer film, sanitary products such as napkins and paper diapers, waste treatment products such as ostomy bags, medical supplies such as blood absorbing sheets, and seedling raising. It is used for temporary substrates such as sheets, seed tapes, and embroidery base fabrics.
- unit packaging for chemicals such as agricultural chemicals and detergents
- unit packaging individual packaging
- Such individual packages usually have one or more compartments and are of various shapes and sizes.
- packaging bodies having compartments of more complicated shapes and sizes have been designed from the viewpoint of improving the cleaning action and designability. It is designed to be deep drawn into
- a conventional water-soluble film is used for deep drawing, when the obtained individual packages are immersed in water, the time until the bag breaks is short, and chemicals such as liquid detergents leak out early.
- chemicals such as liquid detergents leak out early.
- There are concerns such as the fact that the cleaning effect cannot be properly exhibited, and problems arise when individual packages are swallowed by mistake, so further improvements are required.
- the bag breakage resistance when the package is formed by deep drawing molding is improved when immersed in water, that is, the packaged liquid detergent
- the packaged liquid detergent To provide a water-soluble film useful as a package, which can suppress early leakage or dissolution of a drug such as a drug, and a drug package in which various drugs are packaged with the water-soluble film.
- the present inventors diligently investigated the cause of early bag breakage (dissolution) when the individual package was immersed in water.
- the uniform stretchability of the film is important because there may be a part that becomes uneven
- the research was further advanced with the aim of making the film stretch uniform even in deep drawing molding.
- the balance between the compatible state of the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin in the film and the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin in the polymer chain is the uniform stretchability of the film (in the present invention, it mainly means to reduce the local thinning of the film thickness).
- the polyvinyl alcohol resin used contains a polyvinyl alcohol resin with a high viscosity and a small difference in average saponification degree from the polyvinyl alcohol resin that is the main component. It has been found that uniform film stretchability can be imparted even at times, and that when individually wrapped, the bag breakage resistance when immersed in water can be improved.
- the gist of the present invention is as follows. ⁇ 1> A polyvinyl alcohol-based water-soluble film containing a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin (A) as a main component, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin (A) is the main component of the component (A) and is 4% by mass at 20 ° C. A water-soluble solution containing a polyvinyl alcohol resin (a1) having an aqueous solution viscosity of 21 mPa ⁇ s or more and a polyvinyl alcohol resin (a2) satisfying the following ( ⁇ ) and ( ⁇ ) in relation to the component (a1) the film.
- ⁇ 3> The water-soluble film according to ⁇ 1> or ⁇ 2>, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin (a1) is a modified polyvinyl alcohol-based resin.
- ⁇ 4> The water-soluble film according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 3>, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol resin (a2) is unmodified polyvinyl alcohol.
- ⁇ 5> The water-soluble film according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 4>, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol resin (a2) has an average saponification degree of 90 to 99.9 mol%.
- ⁇ 6> The water-soluble film according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 5>, wherein the filler (C) is contained in an amount of 6 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polyvinyl alcohol resin (A).
- a drug package comprising a package formed of the water-soluble film according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 6> and a drug packaged in the package.
- the water-soluble film of the present invention improves the resistance to breakage when immersed in water when a package is formed by deep drawing when packaging a drug such as liquid detergent, that is, suppresses early leakage or dissolution of the drug. be able to.
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- PVA film is a film mainly composed of polyvinyl alcohol-based resin
- PVA-based water-soluble film is a water-soluble film mainly composed of polyvinyl alcohol-based resin.
- the water-soluble film of the present invention is a PVA-based film containing PVA-based resin (A) as a main component.
- containing the PVA-based resin (A) as a main component means that the PVA-based resin (A) is usually 50% by mass or more, preferably 55% by mass or more, particularly preferably 60% by mass, relative to the entire water-soluble film. % or more. If the content is too small, the solubility in water and the mechanical properties of the film tend to deteriorate.
- the upper limit of the content is generally 99% by mass or less, preferably 95% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 90% by mass or less, from the viewpoint of shape stability over time when a liquid detergent package is formed. .
- water-soluble film refers to a film that dissolves in water at room temperature (20°C).
- solubility of the film can be evaluated as follows. Cut the PVA-based film into a size of 3 cm ⁇ 5 cm, put it in a 1 liter beaker containing water (1 liter), fix it with a jig, and stir it with a stirrer while keeping the water temperature at 20 ° C (rotor length 3 cm, rotation 750 rpm), and dissolution is determined when dispersion of insoluble fine particles having a diameter of 1 mm or more in the film is not visually observed.
- the PVA-based resin (A) used in the present invention is selected from unmodified PVA and modified PVA-based resins, and is two or more PVA-based resins different in at least one of average saponification degree, viscosity, modified species, and modified amount.
- the following ( ⁇ ), ( ⁇ ) contains a second PVA-based resin (a2) that satisfies ( ⁇ )
- the 4% by mass aqueous solution viscosity of the PVA-based resin (a2) at 20°C is higher than the 4% by mass aqueous solution viscosity of the PVA-based resin (a1) at 20°C.
- the absolute value of the difference in the average degree of saponification between the PVA-based resin (a1) and the PVA-based resin (a2) is 5 mol% or less.
- the PVA-based resin (a1) which is the main component in the PVA-based resin (A)
- the PVA-based resin (a1) which is the main component in the PVA-based resin (A)
- the PVA-based resin (a1) which is the main component in the PVA-based resin (A)
- Other PVA-based resins that satisfy the relationships ( ⁇ ) and ( ⁇ ) are PVA-based resins (a2), and those that do not satisfy the relationships ( ⁇ ) and ( ⁇ ) are PVA-based resins (a3).
- any PVA-based resin when any PVA-based resin is used as the PVA-based resin (a1), it must contain a PVA-based resin (a2) that satisfies the viscosity and saponification degree requirements for the PVA-based resin (a1). are within the scope of the present invention. In that case, even when the other PVA-based resin is (a1), there may be another PVA-based resin (a2) that satisfies the relationship between ( ⁇ ) and ( ⁇ ) (if The PVA-based resin is (a2)), and the PVA-based resin (a3) does not satisfy the relationships ( ⁇ ) and ( ⁇ ).
- the PVA-based resin (a2) may be any PVA-based resin that satisfies the above-described specific viscosity and degree of saponification ( ⁇ ) and ( ⁇ ) in relation to the PVA-based resin (a1).
- the resin (a2) can be used alone or in combination of two or more. That is, when the PVA-based resin (A) contains three or more PVA-based resins, the PVA-based resin (a2) may contain only one type or two or more types, and may contain two or more types. In that case, each of them should satisfy the viscosity and saponification degree requirements for the PVA-based resin (a1).
- the PVA-based resin (A) may contain a PVA-based resin (a3) other than the PVA-based resin (a1) and the PVA-based resin (a2).
- the PVA-based resin (a3) is selected from unmodified PVA and modified PVA-based resin, and at least one of the average degree of saponification, viscosity, modified species, and modified amount is the PVA-based resin (a1) and the PVA-based resin (a2 ) refers to a PVA-based resin different from The PVA-based resin (a3) can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the viscosity of the 4% by mass aqueous solution of the PVA resin (a2) at 20°C must be higher than the viscosity of the 4% by mass aqueous solution of the PVA resin (a1) at 20°C from the viewpoint of the uniform stretchability of the film.
- the difference between the 4% by mass aqueous solution viscosity of the PVA-based resin (a2) at 20°C and the 4% by mass aqueous solution viscosity of the PVA-based resin (a1) at 20°C is 0.1 mPa s or more, more preferably.
- the upper limit of the viscosity difference is 45 mPa s. s or less, more preferably 40 mPa ⁇ s or less and 35 mPa ⁇ s or less. If the difference in viscosity of the 4% by mass aqueous solution at 20°C is too small, the effects of the present invention tend to be difficult to obtain, and if it is too large, the film formability tends to deteriorate in the film production process.
- the absolute value of the difference in the average degree of saponification between the PVA-based resin (a1) and the PVA-based resin (a2) is 5 mol% or less, preferably 4.5 mol% or less, particularly Preferably, it is 4 mol % or less.
- the above average saponification degree is measured according to JIS K 6726 3.5, and the 4% by mass aqueous solution viscosity is measured according to JIS K 6726 3.11.2.
- the PVA-based resin (a1) used in the present invention preferably has an average saponification degree of 80 mol% or more, particularly preferably 82 to 99.9 mol%, more preferably 85 to 99 mol%, especially It is preferably 86 to 98 mol %. If the average degree of saponification is too small, the water solubility of the PVA-based film tends to decrease. In addition, even if the average degree of saponification is too large, the solubility in water tends to decrease.
- the 4% by mass aqueous solution viscosity of the PVA-based resin (a1) at 20° C. is 21 mPa s or more, preferably 21 to 50 mPa s, particularly preferably 21.5 to 45 mPa s, more preferably 22. ⁇ 40 mPa ⁇ s. If the viscosity is too low, the mechanical strength of the film as a packaging material tends to decrease, and if it is too high, the viscosity of the aqueous solution during film formation tends to be high, resulting in a decrease in productivity.
- the PVA-based resin (a2) used in the present invention preferably has an average saponification degree of 80 mol% or more, particularly preferably 83 to 99.9 mol%, more preferably 85 to 99 mol%, especially It is preferably 86 to 98 mol %. If the average degree of saponification is too small, the water solubility of the PVA-based film tends to decrease. Moreover, the uniform stretchability of the film tends to decrease. In addition, even if the average degree of saponification is too large, the solubility in water tends to decrease.
- the average degree of saponification of the PVA-based resin (a2) is equal to or higher than the average degree of saponification of the PVA-based resin (a1). It is also preferable that the average degree of saponification of the PVA-based resin (a2) is higher than the average degree of saponification of the PVA-based resin (a1).
- the viscosity of a 4% by mass aqueous solution of the PVA-based resin (a2) at 20°C is greater than 21 mPa ⁇ s, preferably 21.5 to 60 mPa ⁇ s, and particularly preferably 25 to 55 mPa ⁇ s. If the viscosity is too low, the uniform stretchability of the film tends to deteriorate. On the other hand, if it is too large, the viscosity of the aqueous solution during film formation tends to be high, resulting in a decrease in productivity.
- the content mass ratio of the PVA-based resin (a1) to the PVA-based resin (a2) (PVA-based resin (a1)/PVA-based resin (a2)) is preferably 99/1 to 50/50, particularly preferably 99/1 to 51/49, more preferably 95/5 to 55/45, particularly preferably 94/6 to 60/40. If the content is too small, uniform stretchability tends not to be obtained.
- the content of the PVA-based resin (a2) in the PVA-based resin (A) is preferably 1 to 50% by mass, particularly preferably 3 to 40% by mass, further preferably 5 to 30% by mass. If the content is too small, uniform stretchability tends not to be obtained.
- the content of the PVA-based resin (a3) in the PVA-based resin (A) is preferably 49% by mass or less, particularly preferably 5% by mass or less, and the lower limit is usually 0% by mass. If the content is too high, it tends to be difficult to obtain the effects of the present invention.
- the PVA-based resin (a1) and PVA-based resin (a2) used in the present invention are selected from unmodified PVA and modified PVA-based resins.
- the unmodified PVA is a resin mainly composed of vinyl alcohol structural units, which can be produced by saponifying a vinyl ester polymer obtained by polymerizing a vinyl ester compound. It is composed of vinyl alcohol structural units and vinyl ester structural units remaining unsaponified.
- vinyl ester compounds examples include vinyl formate, vinyl acetate, vinyl trifluoroacetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl butyrate, vinyl caprate, vinyl laurate, vinyl versatate, vinyl palmitate, and vinyl stearate. Among them, it is preferable to use vinyl acetate.
- the above vinyl ester compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the modified PVA-based resin can be produced by copolymerizing the vinyl ester-based compound and an unsaturated monomer copolymerizable with the vinyl ester-based compound, followed by saponification.
- Modified PVA-based resin is a resin obtained by saponifying a polyvinyl ester-based resin obtained by polymerizing a vinyl ester-based compound, and is mainly composed of vinyl alcohol structural units. It is composed of vinyl alcohol structural units corresponding to the degree of saponification and vinyl ester structural units remaining unsaponified, as well as unsaturated monomer structural units obtained by copolymerization or structural units obtained by post-reaction.
- Examples of the unsaturated monomer copolymerizable with the vinyl ester compound include olefins such as ethylene, propylene, isobutylene, ⁇ -octene, ⁇ -dodecene and ⁇ -octadecene, 3-buten-1-ol, Hydroxy group-containing ⁇ -olefins such as 4-penten-1-ol and 5-hexene-1-ol and derivatives such as acylated products thereof; acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, itaconic acid , unsaturated acids such as undecylenic acid, salts thereof, monoesters, or dialkyl esters thereof; amides such as diacetone acrylamide, acrylamide, and methacrylamide; olefin sulfonic acids such as ethylenesulfonic acid, allylsulfonic acid, and methallylsulfonic acid; Its salt etc. are
- the modified PVA-based resin has a primary hydroxyl group in the side chain, for example, the number of the primary hydroxyl group in the side chain is usually 1 to 5, preferably 1 to 2, particularly preferably 1. Further, it is preferable to have a secondary hydroxyl group in addition to the primary hydroxyl group.
- modified PVA-based resins include PVA-based resins having hydroxyalkyl groups in side chains and PVA-based resins having 1,2-diol structural units in side chains.
- PVA-based resins having 1,2-diol structural units in side chains can be produced by, for example, (1) saponifying a copolymer of vinyl acetate and 3,4-diacetoxy-1-butene, (2) vinyl acetate (3) saponifying and deketalizing a copolymer of vinyl acetate and 2,2-dialkyl-4-vinyl-1,3-dioxolane; (4) a method of saponifying a copolymer of vinyl acetate and glycerin monoallyl ether;
- an anionic group-modified PVA-based resin as the modified PVA-based resin used in the present invention.
- the anionic group include a carboxy group, a sulfonic acid group, a phosphoric acid group, and the like. From the viewpoint of chemical resistance and stability over time, a carboxy group and a sulfonic acid group are preferred, and a carboxy group is particularly preferred. is preferred.
- maleic acid-modified PVA-based resins and itaconic acid-modified PVA-based resins are preferable from the viewpoint of ease of handling, high polymerizability with vinyl ester monomers, and excellent productivity.
- the acrylic acid-modified PVA-based resin is preferable.
- the unmodified PVA and modified PVA-based resins can be obtained using production methods known in the art, such as those disclosed in International Publication No. 2017/043511.
- the average degree of saponification of the unmodified PVA used in the present invention is preferably 80 mol% or more, particularly preferably 80 to 99.9 mol%, more preferably 82 to 99 mol%, particularly preferably 85 ⁇ 98 mol%. If the average degree of saponification is too small, the water solubility of the PVA-based film tends to decrease. In addition, even if the average degree of saponification is too large, the solubility in water tends to decrease.
- the unmodified PVA used in the present invention preferably has a 4% by mass aqueous solution viscosity at 20°C of 8 to 60 mPa ⁇ s, particularly preferably 10 to 60 mPa ⁇ s. If the viscosity is too low, the mechanical strength of the PVA-based film as a packaging material tends to decrease, and if it is too high, the viscosity of the aqueous solution during film formation tends to increase, resulting in a decrease in productivity.
- the average degree of saponification of the modified PVA-based resin used in the present invention is preferably 80 mol% or more, particularly preferably 85 to 99.9 mol%, more preferably 90 to 99 mol%, particularly preferably 92 to 99 mol %. If the average degree of saponification is too small, the water solubility of the film tends to decrease over time depending on the pH of the drug to be packaged. In addition, when the average degree of saponification is too large, the solubility of the film in water tends to be greatly reduced.
- the modified PVA-based resin used in the present invention preferably has a 4% by mass aqueous solution viscosity at 20°C of 8 to 50 mPa ⁇ s, particularly preferably 15 to 45 mPa ⁇ s, further preferably 20 to 40 mPa ⁇ s. If the viscosity is too low, the mechanical strength of the PVA-based film as a packaging material tends to decrease, and if it is too high, the viscosity of the aqueous solution during film formation tends to be high, resulting in a decrease in productivity.
- the modification amount of the modified PVA resin used in the present invention is preferably 1 to 20 mol%, more preferably 1.5 to 15 mol%, particularly preferably 2 to 12 mol%, particularly preferably 2 ⁇ 6 mol%. If the amount of such modification is too small, the solubility of the PVA-based film in water tends to decrease. tends to cause blocking.
- PVA-based resin (A) is a modified PVA-based resin.
- PVA-based resin (a1) is a modified PVA-based resin, and in particular, an anionic group-modified PVA-based resin is preferable in terms of film solubility stability over time.
- a group-modified PVA-based resin is preferred.
- At least one PVA-based resin in the PVA-based resin (A) is unmodified PVA from the viewpoint of mechanical properties and water-sealing properties in addition to uniform stretchability of the film.
- the PVA-based resin (a2) is preferably unmodified PVA.
- both the PVA-based resin (a1) and the PVA-based resin (a2) are modified PVA-based resins
- the PVA-based resin (a1) is a modified PVA-based resin.
- the PVA-based resin (a2) is unmodified PVA
- both the PVA-based resin (a1) and the PVA-based resin (a2) are unmodified PVA. are preferably the above (1) and (2), and particularly preferably the above (2).
- the average degree of saponification is preferably 85 mol% or more, particularly preferably 90 to 99.9. mol %, more preferably 92 to 99.5 mol %, particularly preferably 93 to 99 mol %. If the average degree of saponification is too small, the solubility of the PVA-based film in water tends to decrease, or the solubility of the film tends to decrease over time depending on the pH of the drug to be packaged. In addition, even if the average degree of saponification is too large, the solubility in water tends to decrease.
- the 4% by mass aqueous solution viscosity of the PVA-based resin (a1) at 20° C. is preferably 21 to 50 mPa ⁇ s, particularly preferably 21.5 to 45 mPa ⁇ s, further preferably 22 to 40 mPa ⁇ s. be. If the viscosity is too low, the mechanical strength of the film as a packaging material tends to decrease.
- the PVA-based resin (a1) is preferably an anionic group-modified PVA, more preferably a carboxy group-modified PVA-based resin, and more preferably a maleic acid-modified PVA.
- the modification amount is preferably 1 to 15 mol %, more preferably 1.5 to 12 mol %, particularly preferably 2 to 6 mol %, particularly preferably 2 to 4 mol %. If the amount of such modification is too small, the solubility of the film in water tends to decrease. tends to be easier.
- the modified PVA of the PVA-based resin (a2) a modified PVA-based resin that satisfies the relationship between viscosity and saponification degree specified in the present invention for the modified PVA-based resin of (a1) is used. can be done.
- the PVA-based resin (a2) is preferably an anionic group-modified PVA, more preferably a carboxy group-modified PVA-based resin, and more preferably a maleic acid-modified PVA.
- the average degree of saponification is preferably 85 mol% or more, particularly preferably 87 to 99.9 mol%. , more preferably 90 to 99.5 mol %, particularly preferably 92 to 99 mol %, more preferably 93 to 98 mol %, from the viewpoint of improving the solubility of the film during deep drawing. If the average degree of saponification is too small, the water solubility of the PVA-based film tends to decrease. Moreover, the uniform stretchability of the film tends to decrease. In addition, even if the average degree of saponification is too large, the solubility in water tends to decrease.
- the 4% by mass aqueous solution viscosity of the PVA-based resin (a2) at 20° C. is greater than 21 mPa s, preferably 21.5 to 60 mPa s, particularly preferably 22 to 55 mPa s, more preferably 23 to 50 mPa s. 50 mPa ⁇ s, particularly preferably 25 to 45 mPa ⁇ s. If the viscosity is too low, the uniform stretchability of the film tends to deteriorate. On the other hand, if it is too large, the viscosity of the aqueous solution during film formation tends to increase, resulting in a decrease in productivity.
- the content mass ratio of the PVA-based resin (a1) to the PVA-based resin (a2) determines the uniform stretchability of the film and the solubility in water. From the viewpoint of the balance of film physical properties such as flexibility and water sealability, it is preferably 98/2 to 55/45, particularly preferably 95/5 to 60/40, further preferably 94/6 to 70/30. Especially preferred is 93/7 to 80/20. If the content of the PVA-based resin (a2) is too low, it is difficult to obtain the effect of uniform stretchability, and the water-sealing property tends to decrease. Solubility tends to decrease.
- the average degree of saponification is preferably 80 to 98 mol%, particularly from the viewpoint of film solubility and mechanical properties. It is preferably 82 to 95 mol %, more preferably 85 to 93 mol %, particularly preferably 86 to 90 mol %. If the average degree of saponification is too small or too large, the solubility in water tends to decrease.
- the average saponification degree of the PVA-based resin (A) of the present invention is preferably 85 mol% or more, particularly preferably 86 to 99.9 mol%, more preferably 88 to 99.5 mol%, especially It is preferably 90 to 99.0 mol %, more preferably 92 to 98.5 mol %, more preferably 93 to 98 mol %. If the average degree of saponification is too small, the solubility of the PVA-based film in water tends to decrease, or the solubility of the film tends to decrease over time depending on the pH of the drug to be packaged. In addition, even if the average degree of saponification is too large, the solubility in water tends to decrease.
- the PVA-based resin (A) used in the present invention preferably has a 4% by mass aqueous solution viscosity at 20° C. of 10 to 60 mPa ⁇ s, particularly preferably 15 to 55 mPa ⁇ s, further preferably 20 to 50 mPa ⁇ s. Especially preferably 21 to 45 mPa ⁇ s, more preferably 22 to 40 mPa ⁇ s. If the viscosity is too low, the mechanical strength of the PVA-based film as a packaging material tends to decrease, and if it is too high, the viscosity of the aqueous solution during film formation tends to increase, resulting in a decrease in productivity.
- the PVA-based resin (A) used in the present invention preferably has a modified amount of 0.5 to 20 mol%, particularly preferably 1 to 15 mol%, further preferably 1.5 to 12 mol%. , particularly preferably 1.5 to 6 mol %.
- the amount of such modification is small, the solubility in water tends to decrease, and when the amount of modification is large, the productivity of the PVA-based resin tends to decrease, the biodegradability tends to decrease, and the PVA-based film causes blocking. tends to be easier.
- plasticizer (B) In the present invention, it is preferable to incorporate the plasticizer (B) into the PVA-based resin (A) from the viewpoint of imparting flexibility to the film when used as a package.
- the plasticizer (B) can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Use of at least two in combination improves the toughness of the film itself when used as a package, and the low temperature resistance. It is preferable in that it is possible to seal at high pressure and the strength of the seal portion is high.
- plasticizer (B) is a polyhydric alcohol (b1) having a melting point of 80° C. or higher (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as “plasticizer (b1)”), and the other is Polyhydric alcohol (b2) with a melting point of 50 ° C. or less (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as “plasticizer (b2)”) is used to improve toughness during production of water-soluble films and packages, liquid It is preferable in terms of shape stability over time, sealability, and the like when used as a package for detergents.
- polyhydric alcohol (b1) having a melting point of 80° C. or higher many of sugar alcohols, monosaccharides and polysaccharides can be applied. ° C), resorcinol (110 ° C), hydroquinone (172 ° C), bisphenol A (158 ° C), bisphenol F (162 ° C), neopentyl glycol (127 ° C) and other dihydric alcohols, phloroglucinol (218 ° C), etc.
- trihydric alcohol erythritol (121 ° C), threitol (88 ° C), tetrahydric alcohol such as pentaerythritol (260 ° C), xylitol (92 ° C), arabitol (103 ° C), fucitol (153 ° C), glucose ( 146°C), pentahydric alcohols such as fructose (104°C), mannitol (166°C), sorbitol (95°C), hexahydric alcohols such as inositol (225°C), lactitol (146°C), sucrose (186°C), Examples include octahydric alcohols such as trehalose (97°C) and alcohols having a valence of 9 or higher such as maltitol (145°C).
- the inside of () shows melting point.
- the upper limit of the melting point is preferably 300°C, particularly preferably 200°C.
- the number of hydroxyl groups in one molecule of the plasticizer (b1) is preferably 4 or more in terms of compatibility with the PVA-based resin (A), particularly preferably 5 to 10, more preferably 5 to 10.
- the number is 6 to 8, and specific examples include sorbitol, sucrose, trehalose, and the like, which are suitable.
- the plasticizer (b1) preferably has a molecular weight of 150 or more, particularly preferably 160 to 500, more preferably 180 to 400, in terms of toughness of the water-soluble film. Suitable examples include sorbitol and sucrose.
- the polyhydric alcohol (b2) having a melting point of 50° C. or less includes aliphatic alcohols, preferably ethylene glycol ( ⁇ 13° C.), diethylene glycol ( ⁇ 11° C.), triethylene glycol ( ⁇ 7° C.).
- propylene glycol (-59°C), tetraethylene glycol (-5.6°C), 1,3-propanediol (-27°C), 1,4-butanediol (20°C), 1,6-hexanediol ( 40° C.), tripropylene glycol, dihydric alcohols such as polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 2000 or less, and trihydric or higher alcohols such as glycerin (18° C.), diglycerin, triethanolamine (21° C.). These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the inside of () shows a melting point. Among the above, those having a melting point of 30° C.
- the lower limit of the melting point is usually -80°C, preferably -10°C, particularly preferably 0°C.
- the number of hydroxyl groups in one molecule of the plasticizer (b2) is 4 or less, and particularly 3 or less, so that the flexibility near room temperature (25°C) can be easily controlled.
- glycerin is preferable.
- the plasticizer (b2) preferably has a molecular weight of 100 or less, particularly preferably 50 to 100, more preferably 60 to 95, in terms of easy control of flexibility. , glycerin and the like are suitable.
- a plasticizer (b3) other than the above plasticizers (b1) and (b2) can be used in combination.
- plasticizers (b3) include trimethylolpropane (58°C), diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, cyclohexanol , carbitol, alcohols such as polypropylene glycol, ethers such as dibutyl ether, carboxylic acids such as stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, sorbic acid, citric acid, adipic acid, ketones such as cyclohexanone, mono Examples include amines such as ethanolamine, triethanolamine, ethylenediamine and imidazole compounds, and amino acids such as alanine, glycine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, histidine, lysine and cysteine. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the plasticizer (B) is preferably 20 parts by mass or more, particularly preferably 25 to 70 parts by mass, and still more preferably 30 to 60 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the PVA resin (A). , particularly preferably 35 to 50 parts by weight. If the content of the plasticizer (B) is too small, the toughness of the water-soluble film tends to deteriorate over time when a liquid such as a liquid detergent is packaged to form a package. In addition, when it is too much, there exists a tendency for mechanical strength to fall.
- the content mass ratio (b1/b2) of the plasticizer (b1) and the plasticizer (b2) is preferably 0.1 to 5, particularly preferably 0.2 to 4.5, and more preferably 0.2 to 4.5. It is preferably 0.3-4, particularly preferably 0.4-3.5, more preferably 0.5-3, more preferably 0.7-2. If the content mass ratio is too small, the water-soluble film tends to be too soft and blocking tends to occur. In addition, there is a tendency for the shape stability over time to deteriorate when used as a package for a liquid detergent.
- the content of the plasticizer (b1) and the plasticizer (b2) is preferably 5 to 40 parts by mass of the plasticizer (b1) with respect to 100 parts by mass of the PVA-based resin (A). , Particularly preferably 8 to 30 parts by mass, more preferably 10 to 25 parts by mass, and the plasticizer (b2) is preferably 5 to 40 parts by mass, particularly preferably 10 to 35 parts by mass, more preferably is 15 to 30 parts by mass. If the amount of the plasticizer (b1) is too small, the water-soluble film tends to be too hard, and the shape stability over time tends to decrease when used as a package for liquid detergent. If it is too large, the water-soluble film tends to be too soft. Too little plasticizer (b2) tends to make the water-soluble film too hard and brittle in a low-humidity environment, while too much makes the water-soluble film too soft and tends to cause blocking.
- the total amount of the plasticizer (b1) and the plasticizer (b2) is preferably 70% by mass or more, more preferably 80% by mass or more, and particularly preferably 87% by mass, based on the total amount of the plasticizer (B). % or more, more preferably 90% by mass or more, particularly preferably 95% by mass or more, and most preferably the plasticizer (B) as a whole consists only of the plasticizer (b1) and the plasticizer (b2). If the total amount of the plasticizers (b1) and (b2) is too small, the mechanical strength tends to decrease. In addition, there is a tendency for the shape stability over time to deteriorate when used as a package for a liquid detergent.
- filler (C) In the present invention, a filler (C) can be further contained as necessary.
- the filler (C) is contained for the purpose of anti-blocking property, and includes an organic filler (c1) and an inorganic filler (c2), and these can be used alone or in combination of two or more. . Among them, the organic filler (c1) is preferably used.
- the average particle size of the filler (C) is preferably 0.1-50 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 1-35 ⁇ m.
- the average particle size of the filler (C) is a value measured with a laser diffraction particle size distribution analyzer, and calculated from the D50 value of the obtained cumulative volume distribution (particle size at 50% cumulative). .
- the organic filler (c1) is a particulate matter (primary particles) composed of an organic compound and having an arbitrary shape such as needle-like, rod-like, layer-like, scale-like, or spherical, or an aggregate of such particulate matter.
- Such an organic filler (c1) is mainly selected from polymer compounds, and examples thereof include melamine-based resins, polymethyl (meth)acrylate-based resins, polystyrene-based resins, and biodegradable resins such as starch and polylactic acid. etc.
- biodegradable resins such as polymethyl (meth)acrylate resins, polystyrene resins and starch are preferred, and starch is particularly preferred from the viewpoint of dispersibility in the PVA resin (A).
- starch examples include raw starch (corn starch, potato starch, sweet potato starch, wheat starch, kisava starch, sago starch, tapioca starch, sorghum starch, rice starch, bean starch, arrowroot starch, bracken starch, lotus starch, watermelon starch, etc.), physically modified starch ( ⁇ -starch, fractionated amylose, heat-moisture treated starch, etc.), enzymatically modified starch (hydrolyzed dextrin, enzymatically degraded dextrin, amylose, etc.), chemically modified starch (acid-treated starch, sodium hypochlorite, etc.) chlorinated oxidized starch, dialdehyde starch, etc.), chemically modified starch derivatives (esterified starch, etherified starch, cationized starch, crosslinked starch, etc.), and the like.
- the average particle size of the organic filler (c1) is preferably 5 to 50 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 10 to 40 ⁇ m, still more preferably 15 to 35 ⁇ m. If the average particle size is too small, the blocking property of the PVA-based film tends to increase. tend to become
- the inorganic filler (c2) is a particulate matter (primary particles) composed of an inorganic compound and having an arbitrary shape such as needle-like, rod-like, layer-like, scale-like, or spherical, or an aggregate of such particulate matter. (Secondary particles).
- Examples of the inorganic filler (c2) include oxide-based inorganic compounds such as silica (silicon dioxide), diatomaceous earth, titanium oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, barium oxide, germanium oxide, tin oxide, zinc oxide, Talc, clay, kaolin, mica, asbestos, gypsum, graphite, glass balloons, glass beads, calcium sulfate, barium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, calcium sulfite, calcium carbonate, whisker-like calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, dawsonite, dolomite, potassium titanate, Carbon black, glass fiber, alumina fiber, boron fiber, processed mineral fiber, carbon fiber, carbon hollow sphere, bentonite, montmorillonite, copper powder, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, iron sulfate, magnesium sulfate, aluminum sulfate , aluminum potassium sulfate
- an oxide-based inorganic compound and talc in particular, titanium oxide, talc, and silica are used because they have excellent hydrogen bonding action with the PVA-based resin (A) and improve water sealing properties. is preferred, and silica is more preferred.
- the average particle size of the inorganic filler (c2) is preferably 1-20 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 2-15 ⁇ m, and still more preferably 3-10 ⁇ m. If the average particle size is too small, the flexibility and toughness of the PVA-based film tend to decrease, or the blocking property tends to increase. be.
- the content of the filler (C) is preferably 1 to 30 parts by mass, particularly preferably 1.5 to 25 parts by mass, more preferably 2 to 20 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the PVA resin (A). part by mass. If the content is too low, the blocking property of the PVA-based film tends to increase, and if it is too high, the flexibility and toughness of the PVA-based film tend to decrease. In addition, from the viewpoint of bag breakage resistance when immersed in water when a package is formed by deep drawing, it is preferably 6 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the PVA-based resin (A).
- surfactant (D) In the present invention, a surfactant (D) and the like can be further contained as necessary.
- the surfactant (D) used in the present invention is contained for the purpose of improving releasability from the cast surface during PVA-based film production, and is usually a nonionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, or an anionic surfactant. active agents.
- the surfactant (D) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the surfactant (D) is preferably 0.01 to 3 parts by mass, particularly preferably 0.05 to 2.5 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the modified PVA resin (A). parts, more preferably 0.1 to 2 parts by mass. If the content is too low, the peelability between the cast surface of the film forming apparatus and the formed PVA-based film tends to decrease, resulting in a decrease in productivity. There is a tendency to cause problems such as a decrease in adhesive strength when sealing is performed.
- water-soluble polymers other than the PVA-based resin (A) (e.g., sodium polyacrylate, polyethylene oxide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, dextrin, chitosan, chitin, methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, etc.), fragrances, rust inhibitors, coloring agents, bulking agents, defoaming agents, ultraviolet absorbers, liquid paraffins, fluorescent brighteners, bitter ingredients (e.g., denatonium benzoate, etc.) ), etc., can also be contained. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- PVA-based resin (A) e.g., sodium polyacrylate, polyethylene oxide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, dextrin, chitosan, chitin, methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, etc.
- fragrances e.g., sodium polyacrylate, polyethylene oxide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, dextrin,
- antioxidants include, for example, sulfites such as sodium sulfite, potassium sulfite, calcium sulfite, and ammonium sulfite, tartaric acid, ascorbic acid, sodium thiosulfate, techol, and Rongalit.
- Sodium sulfite is preferred.
- the blending amount of such an antioxidant is preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass, particularly preferably 0.2 to 5 parts by mass, more preferably 0.1 part by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the modified PVA resin (A). 3 to 3 parts by mass.
- a composition is obtained, and the PVA-based resin composition is produced in the order of [I] dissolving step, [II] film-forming step, and [III] winding step to form a PVA-based water-soluble film.
- the PVA-based resin composition is dissolved or dispersed in water to prepare an aqueous solution or aqueous dispersion as a raw material for film formation.
- the dissolution method for dissolving the PVA-based resin composition in water normal temperature dissolution, high temperature dissolution, pressurized dissolution, etc. are usually adopted. Dissolution and pressurized dissolution are preferred.
- the dissolution temperature is usually 80 to 100°C, preferably 90 to 95°C, in the case of high-temperature dissolution, and is usually 80 to 130°C, preferably 90 to 120°C, in the case of pressure dissolution.
- the dissolution time may be appropriately adjusted depending on the dissolution temperature and pressure during dissolution, and is usually 1 to 20 hours, preferably 2 to 15 hours, particularly preferably 3 to 10 hours. If the dissolution time is too short, undissolved matter tends to remain, and if it is too long, productivity tends to decrease.
- examples of the stirring impeller include a paddle, full zone, maxblend, twin star, anchor, ribbon, propeller and the like.
- the obtained PVA-based resin aqueous solution is subjected to a defoaming treatment. be done. Among these, static defoaming and twin-screw extrusion defoaming are preferred.
- the temperature for stationary defoaming is usually 50 to 100° C., preferably 70 to 95° C., and the defoaming time is usually 2 to 30 hours, preferably 5 to 20 hours.
- the solid content concentration of such raw material for film formation is preferably 10 to 60% by mass, particularly preferably 12 to 50% by mass, further preferably 15 to 40% by mass. If the concentration is too low, the productivity of the film tends to decrease, and if it is too high, the viscosity becomes too high, and it takes time to degas the film-forming raw material, and there is a tendency for die lines to occur during film formation.
- the film-forming raw material prepared in the dissolving step is shaped into a film, and if necessary, dried to prepare a PVA-based water-soluble film with a water content of less than 15% by mass.
- a method such as a melt extrusion method or a casting method can be employed, and the casting method is preferable in terms of film thickness accuracy.
- the film-forming raw material is discharged from a slit such as a T-shaped slit die, cast on a casting surface such as an endless belt or a metal surface of a drum roll, and dried to form a PVA-based film. Water-soluble films can be produced.
- the temperature of the film-forming raw material at the film-forming raw material discharge portion of a T-shaped slit die or the like is preferably 60 to 98°C, particularly preferably 70 to 95°C. If the temperature is too low, the viscosity of the film-forming raw material tends to increase and the productivity of the PVA-based water-soluble film tends to decrease.
- the raw material for film formation is dried on the casting surface. Drying is usually carried out by heating the casting surface such as the metal surface of an endless belt or drum roll.
- the surface temperature of the cast surface is preferably 50 to 150°C, particularly preferably 60 to 140°C. If the surface temperature is too low, the moisture content of the film will increase due to insufficient drying, which tends to cause blocking.
- drying using hot rolls drying by blowing hot air onto the film using a floating dryer, drying using a far-infrared device, dielectric heating device, or the like can be used in combination.
- the heat treatment can be usually carried out with a hot roll, but other methods include heat treatment using a floating dryer to blow hot air onto the film, heat treatment using a far-infrared device, or a dielectric heating device.
- a hot roll from the viewpoint of productivity.
- a plurality of heat rolls can also be used.
- the film roll is prepared by conveying and winding the PVA-based water-soluble film separated from the cast surface or the like in the film forming process and winding it around the core tube (S1).
- the obtained film roll can be supplied as a product as it is, it is preferably rewound on a core tube (S2) having a length corresponding to the width of the PVA-based water-soluble film of the desired size, and is used as a film roll of the desired size. can also be supplied.
- the PVA-based water-soluble film of the present invention can be produced.
- the process for producing the PVA-based water-soluble film is preferably carried out in an environment of, for example, 10 to 35°C, particularly preferably 15 to 30°C.
- the humidity is usually 70% RH or less, and the lower limit is 0% RH.
- the thickness of the PVA-based water-soluble film is appropriately selected depending on the application, etc., but is preferably 10 to 120 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 15 to 110 ⁇ m, further preferably 20 to 100 ⁇ m. If the thickness is too thin, the mechanical strength of the film tends to decrease, and if it is too thick, the dissolution rate in water tends to decrease, and the film-forming efficiency tends to decrease.
- the width of the PVA-based water-soluble film is appropriately selected depending on the application, etc., but is preferably 300 to 5000 mm, particularly preferably 500 to 4000 mm, further preferably 600 to 3000 mm. If the width is too narrow, production efficiency tends to decrease, and if it is too wide, it tends to be difficult to control slack and film thickness.
- the length of the PVA-based water-soluble film is appropriately selected depending on the application, etc., but is preferably 100 to 20,000 m, particularly preferably 800 to 15,000 m, further preferably 1,000 to 10,000 m. If the length is too short, switching the film tends to be troublesome, and if it is too long, the appearance tends to be poor due to tight winding and the mass tends to be too heavy.
- the surface of the PVA-based water-soluble film may be plain. It is also preferable to perform uneven processing such as a fine uneven pattern, a special engraving pattern, or the like.
- the processing temperature is usually 60 to 150.degree. C., preferably 80 to 140.degree.
- the working pressure is usually 2-8 MPa, preferably 3-7 MPa.
- the processing time is usually 0.01 to 5 seconds, preferably 0.1 to 3 seconds, depending on the processing pressure and film forming speed.
- a cooling treatment may be performed in order to prevent unintended stretching of the film due to heat.
- the water content of the obtained PVA-based water-soluble film is preferably 3 to 15% by mass, particularly preferably 5 to 9% by mass, and further preferably 6 to 8% by mass in terms of mechanical strength and heat sealability. %. If the moisture content is too low, the film will become too hard, and the formability of the package and the impact resistance of the package will tend to decrease. The adjustment to such a moisture content can be achieved by appropriately setting drying conditions and humidity conditioning conditions. The moisture content is measured according to JIS K 6726 3.4, and the obtained volatile content is defined as the moisture content.
- the PVA-based water-soluble film thus obtained has excellent shape stability during long-term storage and impact resistance at low temperatures, so it is used for unit packaging of chemicals such as agricultural chemicals and detergents, (hydraulic) transfer film, napkins and disposable diapers.
- Sanitary products such as ostomy bags, waste disposal products such as ostomy bags, medical products such as blood absorbing sheets, and temporary substrates such as seedling sheets, seed tapes, and embroidery base fabrics.
- it can be suitably used for unit packaging of chemicals such as laundry detergents and dishwashing detergents.
- a drug package which is one embodiment of the present invention, is a package in which a drug is enclosed in the obtained PVA-based water-soluble film. Since it is packaged with a water-soluble film, the whole package is put into water, and after the water-soluble film dissolves, the drug dissolves or disperses in water, and the effect of the drug is expressed. It is suitable for a medicine package in which a small amount of medicine is packaged.
- drugs to be included include agricultural chemicals such as insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides, fertilizers, detergents, etc., and detergents such as laundry detergents and dishwashing detergents are particularly preferable.
- the drug may be in the form of liquid or solid, and the liquid is liquid, and the solid is granular, tablet, powder, and the like.
- the drug is preferably dissolved or dispersed in water for use, and in the present invention, it is particularly preferred to include a liquid detergent.
- the pH of the drug may be alkaline, neutral or acidic.
- the above liquid detergent preferably has a pH value of 6 to 12, more preferably 6.5 to 11, more preferably 7 to 8 when dissolved or dispersed in water.
- the water content of the liquid detergent is preferably 15% by mass or less, particularly preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 7% by mass, and the water-soluble film is gelled or insolubilized. It is excellent in water-solubility without being wet.
- the above pH value is measured according to JIS K 3362 8.3. Also, the water content is measured according to JIS K 3362 7.21.3.
- the drug package retains the shape of the drug, such as liquid detergent, during storage.
- the package water-soluble film comes into contact with water, causing the package to dissolve and the enclosed drug to flow out of the package.
- a well-known method can be employed when packaging a drug such as a liquid detergent using the PVA-based water-soluble film of the present invention to form a drug package.
- a drug such as a liquid detergent
- it is produced by bonding two PVA-based water-soluble films, the film (bottom film) is fixed on the mold at the bottom of the molding device, and the film (top film) is fixed on the top of the device. ).
- a chemical agent such as a liquid detergent is added to the molded film, and then the top film and the bottom film are pressure-bonded. After pressing, the vacuum can be released to obtain a package.
- the film is stretched 2.5 times or more when molded into a package, or the thickness of the thinnest part of the package is 35% or less, preferably 30% or less of the original film thickness. In some cases, it can be called deep drawing molding.
- Examples of the method of crimping the film after adding the chemical include (1) a heat sealing method, (2) a water sealing method, and (3) a glue sealing method.
- the method of sealing is versatile and advantageous.
- the surface of the drug package is generally smooth.
- the outer surface of the PVA-based water-soluble film may be subjected to uneven processing such as an embossed pattern, a finely uneven pattern, or a special engraving pattern.
- the drug retention time (time until the bag is broken) of the drug package of the present invention is usually more than 30 seconds, preferably 33 seconds or more, more preferably 35 seconds or more, and Leakage and dissolution can be suppressed.
- the upper limit depends on the type of chemical agent and the method of use, it is preferably 300 seconds or less in the case of packages of liquid laundry detergents.
- the bag breakage time of the drug package is determined by allowing the drug package to stand in an environment of 23° C. and 50% RH for 1 day, then floating it in deionized water at 20° C., breaking the bag and causing the drug to start leaking. obtained by measuring the time to
- ⁇ PVA-based resin > ⁇ PVA resin (a-1): 4% aqueous solution viscosity at 20 ° C. 24 mPa s, average saponification degree 94 mol%, carboxy group-modified PVA resin with maleic acid monomethyl ester modification amount 2.0 mol%
- Example 1 As PVA-based resin (A), 90 parts of modified PVA (a-1), 10 parts of unmodified PVA (a-2), and as plasticizer (B), 20 parts of sorbitol (b1) and glycerin (b2). 20 parts of, as a surfactant (D), 0.2 parts of polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether phosphate monoethanolamine salt (d1) and water are mixed and dissolved, and the solid content concentration is 22%. A film-forming raw material, which is an aqueous dispersion of the resin composition, was obtained.
- the resulting raw material for film formation was cast on a polyethylene terephthalate film, dried by passing through a drying chamber (105° C.) of 3 m in length at a speed of 0.350 m/min, and dried into a PVA-based film of 87 ⁇ m in thickness (water film) was obtained.
- a drug package was produced by the following procedure using a package manufacturing machine manufactured by Engel. That is, a PVA-based water-soluble film (bottom film) is fixed on a mold (package to be molded: about 45 mm in length, about 42 mm in width, and about 30 mm in height) at the bottom of the device, and is placed on the top of the device. A PVA-based water-soluble film (top film) was also fixed. The bottom film was heated for 10 seconds with a dryer that generates hot air at 90° C., and the bottom film was vacuum molded into a mold.
- a package manufacturing machine manufactured by Engel That is, a PVA-based water-soluble film (bottom film) is fixed on a mold (package to be molded: about 45 mm in length, about 42 mm in width, and about 30 mm in height) at the bottom of the device, and is placed on the top of the device. A PVA-based water-soluble film (top film) was also fixed. The bottom film was heated for 10 seconds with a dryer that generate
- liquid detergent solution in P &G's"Ariel Bioscience Gel Ball” (composition overview: propylene glycol 12.7%, glycerin 7.5%, ethanolamine 12.7%, surfactant 57%, water 9 .3%, pH 6.9) was added to the cast PVA-based film in 34 mL. 0.25 g of water was applied to the entire surface of the top film (length 80 mm, width 140 mm), the top film and the bottom film were pressed together, and after pressing for 30 seconds, the vacuum was released to obtain a drug package as a liquid detergent package. (film thickness at the thinnest part: 20 ⁇ m).
- Example 2 Comparative Examples 1 to 3> A PVA-based water-soluble film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that it was changed as shown in Table 1, and a liquid detergent package was obtained using this film.
- the liquid detergent packages obtained using the films of Examples 1 and 2 show the liquid detergent after a certain amount of time has passed after being immersed in water. It can be seen that it is suitable for practical use without concerns such as leakage of chemicals such as. After immersion in water, the time (drug retention time) until the package is broken and the drug is eluted is preferably 30 seconds or longer.
- the liquid detergent package is not suitable for practical use because it takes a short time to break after being immersed in water.
- Example 3 90 parts of modified PVA (a1) and 10 parts of unmodified PVA (a2) as PVA-based resin (A), 20 parts of sorbitol (b1) and 20 parts of glycerin (b2) as plasticizer (B), 2 parts of cornstarch (average particle size 20 ⁇ m) (c1) as a filler (C), 0.2 parts of a polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether phosphate monoethanolamine salt (d1) as a surfactant (D), and The mixture was mixed with water and subjected to dissolution treatment to obtain a film-forming raw material, which was an aqueous dispersion of a resin composition having a solid concentration of 22%.
- the resulting raw material for film formation was cast on a polyethylene terephthalate film, dried by passing through a drying chamber (105° C.) of 3 m in length at a speed of 0.350 m/min, and dried into a PVA-based film of 87 ⁇ m in thickness (water film) was obtained.
- a drug package was produced using a package manufacturing machine manufactured by Engel in the following procedure. That is, a PVA-based water-soluble film (bottom film) is fixed on the mold (size of the package to be molded: about 45 mm in length, about 42 mm in width, and about 30 mm in height) at the bottom of the device, and the device A PVA-based water-soluble film (top film) was also fixed on the top of the.
- the bottom film was heated for 10 seconds with a dryer that generates hot air at 80° C., and the bottom film was vacuum molded into a mold.
- composition summary 11% propylene glycol, 7.5% glycerin, 67% surfactant, 14.2% water, pH 7.5
- composition summary 11% propylene glycol, 7.5% glycerin, 67% surfactant, 14.2% water, pH 7.5
- 0.25 g of water was applied to the entire surface of the top film (length 80 mm, width 140 mm), the top film and the bottom film were pressed together, and after pressing for 30 seconds, the vacuum was released to obtain a drug package as a liquid detergent package. (film thickness at the thinnest part: 23 ⁇ m).
- Examples 4 to 8 Comparative Examples 3 and 4> A PVA-based water-soluble film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the changes were made as shown in Table 2, and a liquid detergent package was produced using the film. measured and evaluated. The results are shown in Table 2 below.
- the liquid detergent packages obtained using the films of Examples 3 to 8 come out of the liquid detergent after a certain amount of time has passed after being immersed in water. It can be seen that it is suitable for practical use without concerns such as leakage of chemicals such as.
- the liquid detergent packages using the films of Comparative Examples 3 and 4 which do not satisfy the range defined by the present invention, take a short time to break after being immersed in water, and are not suitable for practical use. It was something.
- the water-soluble film of the present invention improves the resistance to breakage when immersed in water when a package is formed by deep drawing when packaging a drug such as liquid detergent, that is, suppresses early leakage or dissolution of the drug. Therefore, it can be used for various packaging purposes, and is particularly useful for individual packaging of drugs, especially detergents for washing and washing dishes.
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Abstract
Description
<1>
ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(A)を主成分とするポリビニルアルコール系の水溶性フィルムであって、前記ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(A)が、前記(A)成分の主成分であり、20℃における4質量%水溶液粘度が21mPa・s以上であるポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(a1)と、前記(a1)成分との関係において下記(α)、(β)を満たすポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(a2)とを含有する水溶性フィルム。
(α)ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(a2)の20℃における4質量%水溶液粘度が、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(a1)の20℃における4質量%水溶液粘度より高い
(β)ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(a1)とポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(a2)との平均ケン化度差の絶対値が5モル%以下
<2>
前記ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(a1)とポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(a2)との含有質量比(a1/a2)が99/1~50/50である<1>記載の水溶性フィルム。
<3>
前記ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(a1)が変性ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂である<1>または<2>記載の水溶性フィルム。
<4>
前記ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(a2)が未変性ポリビニルアルコールである<1>~<3>のいずれかに記載の水溶性フィルム。
<5>
前記ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(a2)の平均ケン化度が90~99.9モル%である<1>~<4>のいずれかに記載の水溶性フィルム。
<6>
フィラー(C)を前記ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(A)100質量部に対して6質量部以下で含有する<1>~<5>のいずれかに記載の水溶性フィルム。
<7>
<1>~<6>のいずれかに記載の水溶性フィルムで形成された包装体と、上記包装体に包装された薬剤とからなる薬剤包装体。
また、「X以上」(Xは任意の数字)または「Y以下」(Yは任意の数字)と表現した場合、「Xより大きいことが好ましい」または「Y未満であることが好ましい」旨の意も包含する。
ここでPVA系樹脂(A)を主成分として含有するとは、PVA系樹脂(A)が水溶性フィルム全体に対して、通常、50質量%以上、好ましくは55質量%以上、特に好ましくは60質量%以上含有することを意味する。かかる含有量が少なすぎると、水に対する溶解性やフィルムの機械物性が低下する傾向がある。かかる含有量の上限については、通常、液体洗剤包装体とした場合の経時的な形状安定性の点からは、99質量%以下、好ましくは95質量%以下、特に好ましくは90質量%以下である。
本発明において、フィルムの溶解性は以下のように評価できる。
PVA系フィルムを3cm×5cmのサイズにカットし、水(1リットル)を入れた1リットルビーカーに入れ治具で固定し、水温を20℃に保ちつつ、スターラーにより撹拌(回転子長3cm、回転数750rpm)して、該フィルムの直径1mm以上の不溶微粒子の分散が目視で見られない場合を溶解とする。
まず、本発明で用いるPVA系樹脂(A)について説明する。
本発明で用いられるPVA系樹脂(A)は、未変性PVAや変性PVA系樹脂から選択され、平均ケン化度、粘度、変性種、変性量のうち少なくとも1つが異なる2種以上のPVA系樹脂を含有するものであり、PVA系樹脂(A)における主成分である第一のPVA系樹脂(a1)と、前記第一のPVA系樹脂(a1)との関係において下記(α)、(β)を満たす第二のPVA系樹脂(a2)を含有する。
(α)PVA系樹脂(a2)の20℃における4質量%水溶液粘度がPVA系樹脂(a1)の20℃における4質量%水溶液粘度より高い。
(β)PVA系樹脂(a1)とPVA系樹脂(a2)との平均ケン化度差の絶対値が5モル%以下である。
かかる20℃における4質量%水溶液粘度の差が小さすぎると、本発明の効果が得られにくくなる傾向があり、大きすぎるとフィルムの製造工程において製膜性が低下する傾向がある。
かかる平均ケン化度差の絶対値を小さくすることにより、PVA系樹脂の相溶性が向上しフィルムの均一延伸性を改善することができ、ひいては薬剤包装体とした際の水浸漬時の薬剤の早期の漏れや溶解を抑えることができる。
かかる含有割合が小さすぎると均一延伸性が得られなくなる傾向があり、大きすぎると製膜性が低下して生産性が低下する傾向がある。
かかる含有割合が小さすぎると均一延伸性が得られなくなる傾向があり、大きすぎると製膜性が低下して生産性が低下する傾向がある。
また、PVA系樹脂(a1)の20℃における4質量%水溶液粘度は、21~50mPa・sであることが好ましく、特に好ましくは21.5~45mPa・s、更に好ましくは22~40mPa・sである。かかる粘度が小さすぎると、包装材料としてのフィルムの機械強度が低下する傾向があり、大きすぎると製膜時の水溶液粘度が高くなり生産性が低下する傾向がある。
更に、PVA系樹脂(a1)はアニオン性基変性PVAであることが好ましく、特にはカルボキシ基変性PVA系樹脂、更にはマレイン酸変性PVAであることが好ましい。変性量は、1~15モル%であることが好ましく、更に好ましくは1.5~12モル%、特に好ましくは2~6モル%、殊に好ましくは2~4モル%である。かかる変性量が少なすぎると、フィルムの水に対する溶解性が低下する傾向があり、多すぎるとPVA系樹脂の生産性が低下したり、生分解性が低下する傾向があり、また、フィルムがブロッキングしやすくなる傾向がある。
なお、PVA系樹脂(a2)はアニオン性基変性PVAであることが好ましく、特にはカルボキシ基変性PVA系樹脂、更にはマレイン酸変性PVAであることが好ましい。
PVA系樹脂(a2)の20℃における4質量%水溶液粘度は、21mPa・sより大きく、21.5~60mPa・sであることが好ましく、特に好ましくは22~55mPa・s、更に好ましくは23~50mPa・s、殊に好ましくは25~45mPa・sである。かかる粘度が小さすぎると、フィルムの均一延伸性が低下する傾向がある。一方、大きすぎると製膜時の水溶液粘度が高くなり生産性が低下する傾向がある。
PVA系樹脂(a2)の含有割合が少なすぎると均一延伸性の効果が得られにくく、また水シール性が低下する傾向があり、PVA系樹脂(a1)の含有割合が小さすぎると経時的に溶解性が低下する傾向がある。
かかる平均ケン化度が小さすぎると、PVA系フィルムの水への溶解性が低下したり、包装する薬剤のpHによっては経時的にフィルムの溶解性が低下する傾向がある。なお、平均ケン化度が大きすぎても水への溶解性が低下する傾向がある。
本発明においては、PVA系樹脂(A)に可塑剤(B)を含有させることが、包装体とした際にフィルムに柔軟性を付与する点で好ましい。可塑剤(B)は1種のみを用いたり、2種以上を併用したりすることができるが、少なくとも2種を併用することが、包装体とした場合のフィルム自身の強靭さ、また、低温でのシールが可能であり、かつシール部の強度が高い点で好ましい。
上記の中でも、水溶性フィルムの引張強度の点で融点が85℃以上のものが好ましく、特に好ましくは90℃以上のものである。なお、融点の上限は好ましくは300℃、特に好ましくは200℃である。
かかる可塑剤(b1)が少なすぎると水溶性フィルムが硬くなりすぎる傾向があり、また液体洗剤用の包装体とした際の経時的な形状安定性が低下する傾向がある。多すぎると水溶性フィルムが柔らかくなりすぎる傾向がある。可塑剤(b2)が少なすぎると水溶性フィルムが硬くなりすぎる傾向や、低湿環境下で脆くなる傾向があり、多すぎると水溶性フィルムが柔らかくなり過ぎて、ブロッキングが生じやすくなる傾向がある。
本発明においては、必要に応じて、更に、フィラー(C)を含有させることができる。
フィラー(C)の平均粒子径としては、0.1~50μmであることが好ましく、特に好ましくは1~35μmである。なお、上記フィラー(C)の平均粒子径は、レーザー回折式粒度分布測定装置で測定した値であり、得られた累計体積分布のD50値(累積50%の粒子径)より算出したものである。
かかる有機フィラー(c1)としては、主に高分子化合物の中から選択され、例えば、メラミン系樹脂、ポリメチル(メタ)アクリレート系樹脂、ポリスチレン系樹脂の他、澱粉、ポリ乳酸等の生分解性樹脂等が挙げられる。これらの中でも、ポリメチル(メタ)アクリレート系樹脂、ポリスチレン系樹脂、澱粉、等の生分解性樹脂が好ましく、特にはPVA系樹脂(A)に対する分散性の点から澱粉が好ましい。
無機フィラー(c2)としては、例えば、シリカ(二酸化ケイ素)、珪藻土、酸化チタン、酸化カルシウム、酸化マグネシウム、酸化アルミニウム、酸化バリウム、酸化ゲルマニウム、酸化スズ、酸化亜鉛等の酸化物系無機化合物や、タルク、クレー、カオリン、雲母、アスベスト、石膏、グラファイト、ガラスバルーン、ガラスビーズ、硫酸カルシウム、硫酸バリウム、硫酸アンモニウム、亜硫酸カルシウム、炭酸カルシウム、ウィスカー状炭酸カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、ドーソナイト、ドロマイト、チタン酸カリウム、カーボンブラック、ガラス繊維、アルミナ繊維、ボロン繊維、加工鉱物繊維、炭素繊維、炭素中空球、ベントナイト、モンモリロナイト、銅粉、硫酸ナトリウム、硫酸カリウム、硫酸亜鉛、硫酸銅、硫酸鉄、硫酸マグネシウム、硫酸アルミニウム、硫酸アルミニウムカリウム、硝酸アンモニウム、硝酸ナトリウム、硝酸カリウム、硝酸アルミニウム、塩化アンモニウム、塩化ナトリウム、塩化カリウム、塩化マグネシウム、塩化カルシウム、リン酸ナトリウム、クロム酸カリウム等が挙げられる。これらは、単独で、もしくは2種以上併せて用いることができる。
また、深絞り成型により包装体とした際の水浸漬時の耐破袋性の観点からは、PVA系樹脂(A)100質量部に対して6質量部以下であることが好ましく、更に、5.5質量部以下、5.0質量部以下、4.5質量部以下、4.0質量部以下、3.5質量部以下、3.0質量部以下、2.5質量部以下、2.0質量部以下、1.5質量部以下、1.0質量部以下、0.5質量部以下であることが好ましく、一方、下限値は0質量部であるが、更に、0.01質量部以上、0.05質量部以上、0.1質量部以上であることが好ましい。
本発明においては、必要に応じて、更に界面活性剤(D)等を含有させることができる。
本発明で用いられる界面活性剤(D)は、PVA系フィルム製造時のキャスト面からの剥離性改善の目的で含有されるものであり、通常、ノニオン界面活性剤、カチオン界面活性剤、アニオン界面活性剤が挙げられる。例えば、ポリオキシエチレンノニルフェニルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンオクチルノニルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンドデシルフェニルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルアリルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタンモノラウレート、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタンモノパルミテート、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタンモノステアレート、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタンモノオレエート、ポリオキシアルキレンアルキルエーテルリン酸エステルモノエタノールアミン塩、ポリオキシエチレンラウリルアミノエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンステアリルアミノエーテル等のポリオキシエチレンアルキルアミノエーテル等が挙げられ、これらは単独でもしくは2種以上併せて用いることができる。なかでも、製造安定性の点でポリオキシアルキレンアルキルエーテルリン酸エステルモノエタノールアミン塩、ポリオキシエチレンラウリルアミノエーテルが好適である。
上記界面活性剤(D)は、単独で用いてもよいし、2種以上を併用してもよい。
本発明においては、上記の通りPVA系樹脂(A)、好ましくは更に可塑剤(B)、必要に応じて更に、フィラー(C)及び界面活性剤(D)等を含有してなるPVA系樹脂組成物を得て、かかるPVA系樹脂組成物を、[I]溶解工程、[II]製膜工程、[III]巻取工程、の順序で製造してPVA系水溶性フィルムとする。
溶解工程では、上記PVA系樹脂組成物を水に溶解または分散して、製膜原料となる水溶液または水分散液を調製する。
上記PVA系樹脂組成物を水に溶解する際の溶解方法としては、通常、常温溶解、高温溶解、加圧溶解等が採用され、なかでも、未溶解物が少なく、生産性に優れる点から高温溶解、加圧溶解が好ましい。
溶解温度としては、高温溶解の場合には、通常80~100℃、好ましくは90~95℃であり、加圧溶解の場合には、通常80~130℃、好ましくは90~120℃である。
溶解時間としては、溶解温度、溶解時の圧力により適宜調整すればよいが、通常1~20時間、好ましくは2~15時間、特に好ましくは3~10時間である。溶解時間が短すぎると未溶解物が残る傾向にあり、長すぎると生産性が低下する傾向にある。
更に、溶解した後、得られたPVA系樹脂水溶液に対して脱泡処理が行われるが、かかる脱泡方法としては、例えば、静置脱泡、真空脱泡、二軸押出脱泡等が挙げられる。なかでも、静置脱泡、二軸押出脱泡が好ましい。
静置脱泡の温度としては、通常50~100℃、好ましくは70~95℃であり、脱泡時間は、通常2~30時間、好ましくは5~20時間である。
製膜工程では、溶解工程で調製した製膜原料を膜状に賦形し、必要に応じて乾燥処理を施すことで、含水率15質量%未満にしたPVA系水溶性フィルムに調整する。
製膜に当たっては、例えば、溶融押出法や流延法等の方法を採用することができ、膜厚の精度の点で流延法が好ましい。
流延法を行うに際しては、例えば、上記製膜原料を、T型スリットダイ等のスリットから吐出させ、エンドレスベルトやドラムロールの金属表面等のキャスト面に流延し、乾燥することによりPVA系水溶性フィルムを製造することができる。
流延後、キャスト面上で製膜原料を乾燥させるが、乾燥にあたっては、通常、エンドレスベルトやドラムロールの金属表面等のキャスト面を加熱することにより行う。上記キャスト面の表面温度は、50~150℃であることが好ましく、特に好ましくは60~140℃である。かかる表面温度が低すぎると、乾燥不足でフィルムの含水率が高くなるためブロッキングしやすくなる傾向があり、高すぎると製膜原料が発泡し、製膜不良となる傾向がある。
また、製膜時の乾燥においては、熱ロールによる乾燥、フローティングドライヤーを用いてフィルムに熱風を吹き付ける乾燥や遠赤外線装置、誘電加熱装置による乾燥等を併用することもできる。
熱処理については、通常熱ロールにて行うことができるが、その他、フローティングドライヤーを用いてフィルムに熱風を吹き付ける熱処理や遠赤外線装置、誘電加熱装置による熱処理等も挙げられる。本発明においては、熱ロールを用いて行うことが、生産性の点で好ましい。なお、熱ロールは、複数本用いることもできる。
巻取工程では、製膜工程でキャスト面等から剥離したPVA系水溶性フィルムを搬送して巻き取り、芯管(S1)に巻き取ることによりフィルムロールが調製される。
得られたフィルムロールは、そのまま製品として供給することもできるが、好ましくは所望サイズのPVA系水溶性フィルム幅に見合った長さの芯管(S2)に巻き取り直し、所望のサイズのフィルムロールとして供給することもできる。
上記PVA系水溶性フィルムの製造工程は、例えば、10~35℃の環境下で行うことが好ましく、特に好ましくは15~30℃である。なお、湿度については、通常70%RH以下であり、下限値は0%RHである。
かかる凹凸加工に際して、加工温度は、通常60~150℃であり、好ましくは80~140℃である。加工圧力は、通常2~8MPa、好ましくは3~7MPaである。加工時間は、上記加工圧力、製膜速度にもよるが、通常0.01~5秒間であり、好ましくは0.1~3秒間である。
また、必要に応じて、凹凸加工処理の後に、熱によるフィルムの意図しない延伸を防止するために、冷却処理を施してもよい。
なお、上記含水率は、JIS K 6726 3.4に準拠して測定され、得られた揮発分の値を含水率とする。
特に洗濯用洗剤、食器洗浄用洗剤等の薬剤のユニット包装用途に好適に用いることができる。
本発明の一実施形態である薬剤包装体は、得られたPVA系水溶性フィルムで薬剤を内包してなる包装体である。水溶性フィルムで包装されているため、包装体ごと水に投入し、水溶性フィルムが溶解した後に、薬剤が水に溶解または分散して、薬剤の効果を発現するため、1回分などの比較的少量の薬剤が包装されている薬剤包装体に好適である。
なお、上記pH値は、JIS K 3362 8.3に準拠して測定される。また、水分量は、JIS K 3362 7.21.3に準じて測定される。
例えば、2枚のPVA系水溶性フィルムを用いて貼り合わせることにより製造され、成型装置の下部にある金型の上に、フィルム(ボトムフィルム)を固定し、装置の上部にもフィルム(トップフィルム)を固定する。その後、成型されたフィルムに液体洗剤等の薬剤を投入した後、トップフィルムとボトムフィルムを圧着する。圧着した後は真空を解放し、包装体を得ることができる。
通常、包装体に成型した際に、フィルムが2.5倍以上延伸される場合や、包装体の最薄部膜厚がもとのフィルム膜厚の35%以下、好ましくは30%以下となる場合に深絞り成型といえる。
なお、例中、「部」、「%」とあるのは、質量基準を意味する。
<PVA系樹脂>
・PVA系樹脂(a-1):20℃における4%水溶液粘度24mPa・s、平均ケン化度94モル%、マレイン酸モノメチルエステルによる変性量2.0モル%のカルボキシ基変性PVA系樹脂
・PVA系樹脂(a-2):20℃における4%水溶液粘度27.5mPa・s、平均ケン化度97.7モル%の未変性PVA
・PVA系樹脂(a-3):20℃における4%水溶液粘度18mPa・s、平均ケン化度88モル%の未変性PVA
・PVA系樹脂(a-4):20℃における4%水溶液粘度22mPa・s、平均ケン化度94モル%、マレイン酸モノメチルエステルによる変性量2.0モル%のカルボキシ基変性PVA系樹脂
・PVA系樹脂(a-5):20℃における4%水溶液粘度43mPa・s、平均ケン化度88モル%の未変性PVA
・PVA系樹脂(a-6):20℃における4%水溶液粘度54mPa・s、平均ケン化度98モル%の未変性PVA
・PVA系樹脂(a-7):20℃における4%水溶液粘度6.6mPa・s、平均ケン化度92.5モル%の未変性PVA
・PVA系樹脂(a-8):20℃における4%水溶液粘度30mPa・s、平均ケン化度94モル%、マレイン酸モノメチルエステルによる変性量2.0モル%のカルボキシ基変性PVA系樹脂
・PVA系樹脂(a-9):20℃における4%水溶液粘度22.5mPa・s、平均ケン化度88モル%の未変性PVA
・可塑剤(b1):ソルビトール
・可塑剤(b2):グリセリン
・フィラー(c1):コーンスターチ(平均粒子径20μm)
・界面活性剤(d1):ポリオキシアルキレンアルキルエーテルリン酸エステルモノエタノールアミン塩
PVA系樹脂(A)として、変性PVA(a-1)を90部、未変性PVA(a-2)を10部、可塑剤(B)として、ソルビトール(b1)を20部及びグリセリン(b2)を20部、界面活性剤(D)として、ポリオキシアルキレンアルキルエーテルリン酸エステルモノエタノールアミン塩(d1)を0.2部、及び水を混合して、溶解処理をし、固形分濃度22%の樹脂組成物の水分散液である製膜原料を得た。
得られた製膜原料をポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム上に流延し、長さ3mの乾燥室(105℃)の中を0.350m/分の速度で通過させ乾燥し、厚み87μmのPVA系フィルム(水溶性フィルム)を得た。
即ち、装置の下部にある金型(成型される包装体:縦約45mm、横約42mm、高さ約30mm)の上に、PVA系水溶性フィルム(ボトムフィルム)を固定し、装置の上部にもPVA系水溶性フィルム(トップフィルム)を固定した。ボトムフィルムを10秒間、90℃の熱風を発生させるドライヤーで加熱し、ボトムフィルムを金型に真空成型した。その後、P&G社製の「アリエール バイオサイエンス ジェルボール」内の液体洗剤溶液(組成概要:プロピレングリコール12.7%、グリセリン7.5%、エタノールアミン12.7%、界面活性剤57%、水9.3%、pH6.9)を成型されたPVA系フィルムに34mL投入した。トップフィルム全面(縦80mm、横140mm)に水を0.25g塗布し、トップフィルムとボトムフィルムを圧着し、30秒間圧着した後に、真空を解放し、液体洗剤包装体である薬剤包装体を得た(最薄部膜厚:20μm)。
実施例1において、表1に示す通りに変更した以外は同様に行い、PVA系水溶性フィルムを得て、これを用いた液体洗剤包装体を得た。
得られた液体洗剤包装体を、23℃、50%RH環境下で1日間静置した後、20℃のイオン交換水に浮かべカプセルが破袋して洗剤が漏れ始めた時間を測定した。
これに対して、本発明で規定する範囲を満たさない、平均ケン化度の差が5モル%を超えるPVA系樹脂(a1)及び(a3)を含有する比較例1及び2のフィルムを用いた液体洗剤包装体においては、水に浸漬した後、破袋するまでの時間が短く、実用に適さないものであった。
PVA系樹脂(A)として、変性PVA(a1)を90部、未変性PVA(a2)を10部、可塑剤(B)として、ソルビトール(b1)を20部及びグリセリン(b2)を20部、フィラー(C)として、コーンスターチ(平均粒子径20μm)(c1)を2部、界面活性剤(D)として、ポリオキシアルキレンアルキルエーテルリン酸エステルモノエタノールアミン塩(d1)を0.2部、及び水を混合して、溶解処理をし、固形分濃度22%の樹脂組成物の水分散液である製膜原料を得た。
得られた製膜原料をポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム上に流延し、長さ3mの乾燥室(105℃)の中を0.350m/分の速度で通過させ乾燥し、厚み87μmのPVA系フィルム(水溶性フィルム)を得た。
即ち、装置の下部にある金型(成型される包装体の大きさ:縦約45mm、横約42mm、高さ約30mm)の上に、PVA系水溶性フィルム(ボトムフィルム)を固定し、装置の上部にもPVA系水溶性フィルム(トップフィルム)を固定した。ボトムフィルムを10秒間、80℃の熱風を発生させるドライヤーで加熱し、ボトムフィルムを金型に真空成型した。その後、市販の衣料用洗濯洗剤(組成概要:プロピレングリコール11%、グリセリン7.5%、界面活性剤67%、水14.2%、pH7.5)を成型されたPVA系フィルムに34mL投入した。トップフィルム全面(縦80mm、横140mm)に水を0.25g塗布し、トップフィルムとボトムフィルムを圧着し、30秒間圧着した後に、真空を解放し、液体洗剤包装体である薬剤包装体を得た(最薄部膜厚:23μm)。
実施例3において、表2に示す通りに変更した以外は同様に行い、PVA系水溶性フィルムを得て、これを用いた液体洗剤包装体を作製し、上記同様に液体洗剤包装体の物性を測定して評価した。結果を下記の表2に示す。
これに対して、本発明で規定する範囲を満たさない比較例3,4のフィルムを用いた液体洗剤包装体においては、水に浸漬した後、破袋するまでの時間が短く、実用に適さないものであった。
Claims (7)
- ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(A)を主成分とするポリビニルアルコール系の水溶性フィルムであって、前記ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(A)が、前記(A)成分の主成分であり、20℃における4質量%水溶液粘度が21mPa・s以上であるポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(a1)と、前記(a1)成分との関係において下記(α)、(β)を満たすポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(a2)とを含有する水溶性フィルム。
(α)ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(a2)の20℃における4質量%水溶液粘度が、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(a1)の20℃における4質量%水溶液粘度より高い
(β)ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(a1)とポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(a2)との平均ケン化度差の絶対値が5モル%以下 - 前記ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(a1)とポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(a2)との含有質量比(a1/a2)が99/1~50/50である請求項1記載の水溶性フィルム。
- 前記ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(a1)が変性ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂である請求項1または2記載の水溶性フィルム。
- 前記ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(a2)が未変性ポリビニルアルコールである請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の水溶性フィルム。
- 前記ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(a2)の平均ケン化度が90~99.9モル%である請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の水溶性フィルム。
- フィラー(C)を前記ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(A)100質量部に対して6質量部以下で含有する請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の水溶性フィルム。
- 請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の水溶性フィルムで形成された包装体と、上記包装体に包装された薬剤とからなる薬剤包装体。
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JP2017533992A (ja) * | 2014-10-13 | 2017-11-16 | モノソル リミテッド ライアビリティ カンパニー | 水溶性ポリビニルアルコールブレンドフィルム、関連方法及び関連物品 |
JP2017535664A (ja) * | 2014-10-13 | 2017-11-30 | モノソル リミテッド ライアビリティ カンパニー | 水溶性ポリビニルアルコールブレンドフィルム、関連方法及び関連物品 |
WO2017043511A1 (ja) | 2015-09-11 | 2017-03-16 | 日本合成化学工業株式会社 | 水溶性フィルム及び薬剤包装体 |
JP2019513643A (ja) * | 2016-04-13 | 2019-05-30 | ザ プロクター アンド ギャンブル カンパニー | ポリビニルアルコールポリマーブレンドから製造された水溶性フィルムを有するパウチ |
JP2019515987A (ja) * | 2016-04-13 | 2019-06-13 | モノソル リミテッド ライアビリティ カンパニー | 水溶性フィルム、水溶性フィルムを用いるパケット、ならびにそれらの作製及び使用方法 |
CN107936431A (zh) * | 2016-10-13 | 2018-04-20 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 聚乙烯醇水溶性流延膜及其制备方法 |
WO2020027020A1 (ja) * | 2018-07-31 | 2020-02-06 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | ポリビニルアルコール系フィルム及び薬剤包装体 |
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