WO2019179112A1 - 自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承工装、系统及安装方法 - Google Patents

自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承工装、系统及安装方法 Download PDF

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WO2019179112A1
WO2019179112A1 PCT/CN2018/113364 CN2018113364W WO2019179112A1 WO 2019179112 A1 WO2019179112 A1 WO 2019179112A1 CN 2018113364 W CN2018113364 W CN 2018113364W WO 2019179112 A1 WO2019179112 A1 WO 2019179112A1
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self
vertical support
anchored suspension
cable structure
suspension cable
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PCT/CN2018/113364
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
夏远哲
赵云龙
陈华周
彭湃
杨斐
张朝
邹丽娟
沈平
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中建钢构有限公司
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Publication of WO2019179112A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019179112A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/34—Extraordinary structures, e.g. with suspended or cantilever parts supported by masts or tower-like structures enclosing elevators or stairs; Features relating to the elastic stability
    • E04B1/3404—Extraordinary structures, e.g. with suspended or cantilever parts supported by masts or tower-like structures enclosing elevators or stairs; Features relating to the elastic stability supported by masts or tower-like structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/342—Structures covering a large free area, whether open-sided or not, e.g. hangars, halls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/35—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/35—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block
    • E04B2001/3583—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block using permanent tensioning means, e.g. cables or rods, to assemble or rigidify structures (not pre- or poststressing concrete), e.g. by tying them around the structure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/35—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block
    • E04B2001/3588—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block using special lifting or handling devices, e.g. gantries, overhead conveying rails

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of building construction, in particular to an adaptive assembly supporting tooling, system and installation method for a self-anchored suspension cable structure.
  • the cable structure has its reasonable shape, which makes it have good mechanical performance, and is increasingly used in large public buildings such as stadiums and exhibition halls. Not only is the shape beautiful, economically reasonable, but also can span the huge space, becoming one of the most dynamic structural types in recent years.
  • This spatial structure has greatly promoted the development of the suspension structure. Its light body, reasonable force and beautiful shape attract the attention of architects and structural engineers, and it has rapidly developed into an important branch of the large family of architectural structures. Various forms of suspension roofs were then vie for competition around the world.
  • some large-span suspension structures such as the main exhibition hall structure system of the Shijiazhuang International Exhibition Center project, are creatively adopting a two-way suspension structure and a full column-free design. It is a super-long span double-layer suspension structure that leads the industry's technology standards. .
  • the long-span suspension cable structure is novel and complicated, the installation is difficult, the quality standard is high, the shape is novel, the structure is complex, and the installation is difficult.
  • the above-mentioned exhibition hall structure system is composed of a self-anchored suspension cable structure and a cable truss structure.
  • the entire self-anchored suspension truss is a non-rigid structure with a span of 105 meters, and the span needs to be pre-arched.
  • the structure of the cable truss (secondary load-bearing structure) requires a supporting system to bear the load during the construction process.
  • the stiffness of the support system of the project is provided by the cable. Before the prestress is established, the out-of-plane stiffness of the side column support structure and the stiffness of the prestressed main truss are small. How to ensure the stability and safety of the support structure during cable construction is The key to the smooth implementation of the project.
  • the installation of the cable and the installation of the steel structure are inseparable during construction. That is to say, when installing the side column and the main truss steel structure, the rigidity of the support system must not only ensure that the steel structure itself does not roll during the construction process, but also It is guaranteed that no roll will occur during the construction of the cable structure.
  • slip installation method the slip installation method can be divided into two types: structural slip method and support slip method;
  • the basic idea of the structure transfer method is to install the whole (or partial) structure on the site with the assembled conditions, and then use the sliding system to shift the whole to the design position. Since the self-anchored suspension truss of the super-long span double-layer suspension structure project is hinged, structural slip cannot be achieved.
  • the support slip method is to erect a support frame at the design group of the structure to provide a support and an operation platform for the structure to be installed in the home position. After the structure is completed, the support slip is separated from the assembled structure. This creates conditions for the in-situ installation of adjacent structures, and so on, until the structure is completely installed.
  • the supporting slip road Due to the large amount of spreading grooves and sub-ditches on the ground of the engineering exhibition hall of the super-long span double-layer bidirectional suspension structure, the supporting slip road is restricted, and the construction progress of the support slip is slow. Due to the limitation of the construction period, the support slip method cannot be satisfied. On-site schedule requirements.
  • the traditional support system can only limit the one-way displacement in the Y direction, and can not automatically adjust the Y direction required for pre-arching and the all-round limit function required for the overall structure.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an adaptive assembly supporting tooling, system and installation method for a self-anchored suspension cable structure, which is suitable for self-anchored suspension truss construction of a fully articulated structure, Under the premise of ensuring stability and safety, the installation efficiency of the super-long span double-layer bidirectional suspension structure is improved.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide an adaptive assembly support tool for a self-anchored suspension cable structure, including:
  • the first vertical support tire frame and the second vertical support tire frame are arranged side by side;
  • the first vertical support bracket is fixedly connected to the upper end of the second vertical support bracket;
  • the first vertical support bracket and the upper end of the second vertical support bracket are connected to the annular hoop via the tire cap.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a method for installing an adaptive assembly support system for a self-anchored suspension cable structure, comprising:
  • An adaptive assembly support system for a self-anchored suspension cable structure composed of a plurality of sets of self-anchored suspension structures with self-anchored suspension structures according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which are arranged at intervals, as an ultra-large span double layer Support for two-way suspension structures;
  • the self-anchored suspension cable structures of the self-anchored suspension cable structure are respectively welded to the conversion steel beam by using an adaptive assembly support tool to form an all-round adaptive hoop support system. structure;
  • the self-anchored suspension cable structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention uses an adaptive assembly supporting tooling, system and installation method, and the beneficial effects thereof are as follows:
  • the first vertical support frame and the second vertical support frame are arranged side by side through the support tool, and the annular hoops of the upper ends of the vertical support frame are connected through the tire cap to form a double support vertical support
  • the structure not only ensures the installation of the long-span steel structure, but also ensures the lateral stability of the truss; the preparation, erection and removal of the support structure are simple, and the shortcomings of the full-frame support frame occupying a large number of sites are avoided, and the cost is accelerated. effectiveness.
  • the installation method adopts an omnidirectional adaptive hoop-type support structure composed of a plurality of sets of all-round adaptive hoop-type support tire frames arranged in sequence, as a support for the super-long-span double-layer bidirectional suspension structure, and is installed at the installation site.
  • the pre-embedded parts of the super-long-span double-layer bidirectional suspension structure are arranged to install the converted steel beam, so that the converted steel beam acts on the concrete beam of the floor, and the various sets of all-round adaptive hoop support are welded on the converted steel beam.
  • the tire frame through various sets of all-round adaptive hoop-supporting tire frame, supports the space-constrained support of the steel truss of the super-long span double-layer bidirectional suspension structure, and completes the installation of the super-long span double-layer bidirectional suspension structure.
  • the method has high stability and safety, can realize the limit support of the super-long span double-layer bidirectional suspension structure, and fills the blank of the super-large span double-layer bidirectional suspension structure without the available installation method, and improves the structure of the suspension cable.
  • the installation efficiency solves the problem that the current support installation method cannot be used for the super-long span double-layer bidirectional suspension structure.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an adaptive assembly supporting tooling structure for a self-anchored suspension cable structure according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view of an adaptive assembly supporting tool for a self-anchored suspension cable structure according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic oblique view of an adaptive assembly supporting tool for a self-anchored suspension cable structure according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an adaptive assembly support system for a self-anchored suspension cable structure according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of bottom mounting of an adaptive assembly support tool for a self-anchored suspension cable structure according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 1 to 4 1 - 1st vertical support tire frame; 2 - 2nd vertical support tire frame; 3 - fetal cap; 4-ring hoop; 5-pin; 6-strut; 7-elevation energy Lifting support; 10-self-anchored suspension cable structure with adaptive assembly support system; 20-self-anchored suspension cable structure with adaptive assembly support tooling; 30-steel structure truss; 40-embedded parts; 50-conversion Steel beam.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an adaptive assembly support tool for a self-anchored suspension cable structure, which is an all-round adaptive hoop support frame, comprising:
  • the first vertical support tire frame and the second vertical support tire frame are arranged side by side;
  • the first vertical support bracket is fixedly connected to the upper end of the second vertical support bracket;
  • the first vertical support bracket and the upper end of the second vertical support bracket are connected to the annular hoop via the tire cap.
  • the first vertical supporting frame is a rectangular frame structure composed of a plurality of vertical supporting steel pipes and a plurality of transversely-tilted connecting steel pipes connected to the vertical supporting steel pipes;
  • the first vertical support frame is identical in structure to the second vertical support frame.
  • the tire cap comprises: four struts and a support capable of lifting and lowering the elevation;
  • the lower ends of the four struts are respectively connected to the four corners of the upper ends of the first vertical support and the second vertical support, and the upper ends of the four struts are connected to the annular hoop;
  • the support capable of lifting and lowering the elevation is disposed at the upper end of the first vertical support bracket and the second vertical support bracket after the connection, the position of the elevation capable lifting and the position of the annular hoop above The location corresponds.
  • the lower ends of the four struts are respectively connected with the four corners of the upper ends of the connected first vertical supporting frame and the second vertical supporting frame: the lower ends of the struts are connected and connected The first vertical support bracket and the second vertical support are connected at the four corners of the upper end of the bracket.
  • the above supporting tooling further comprises: an embedded part and a conversion steel beam,
  • the embedded part is disposed in the floor and connected to the conversion steel beam;
  • the embedded member is welded to the bottom of the first vertical support bracket and the second vertical support bracket.
  • the self-anchored suspension cable structure of the invention adopts an adaptive assembly supporting tooling, and a double-supporting tire frame is arranged on the floor as a vertical support, and the double-frame structure is designed with a reasonable tire cap structure and a hoop hoop, wherein the tire
  • the frame is composed of a struts that are easy to adjust and disassemble, and a support that can be lifted and raised (the height of the adaptive tire frame is changed).
  • the annular hoop is a 360-degree omnidirectional annular hoop, which ensures the long-span steel structure.
  • the installation ensures that the steel truss is laterally stable; the steel embedded parts (ie embedded parts) are pre-buried on the floor, and the converted steel beams are placed on the steel embedded parts to transmit the force to the floor support beams (ie the floor slabs)
  • the way of the concrete support beam not only solves the problem that the bearing capacity of the plate can not meet the force of the support of the tire frame, and the setting of the converted steel beam also solves the problem of insufficient bearing capacity of the floor.
  • the invention solves the problem that the 1 main truss existing in the prior art has little rigidity before the tension of the cable is stretched, and cannot independently become a stable structure; 2 the main truss of the self-anchored suspension cable has a large span and needs to be pre-prepared during the construction process. Arching; 3 double-layered two-way cable structure is unconstrained laterally, and it is necessary to design the supporting system to bear the load during the installation process of the cable truss.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides an adaptive assembly support system for a self-anchored suspension cable structure, which is an omnidirectional adaptive hoop support system, including: a plurality of spaced apart self-anchoring The suspension structure supports the tooling with an adaptive assembly.
  • the support system can be used as a long-span self-anchored lateral unsupported suspension truss support system, which is safe and efficient, and solves the problem of large-span hinged steel truss installation.
  • the large-diameter, ultra-long, flexible features of the suspension structure and the non-rigid and large-span profile of the stressed steel frame can meet the requirements of safe and efficient installation and positioning. At the same time, it has been proved by practice that this has the advanced nature of the support system.
  • the long-span self-anchored suspension cable structure installed by this support system is 10 ⁇ , the installation capacity of the steel structure is not less than 5200 tons, and the installation amount of the cable is not less than 3900 tons. .
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides an installation method for an adaptive assembly support system for a self-anchored suspension cable structure, which is a support installation method for a super-long span double-layer bidirectional suspension cable structure, including :
  • the self-anchored suspension cable structure composed of multiple sets of the above-mentioned self-anchored suspension structures arranged in series with the self-anchored suspension structure is used as a support for the super-long-span double-layer bidirectional suspension structure;
  • the self-anchored suspension cable structures of the self-anchored suspension cable structure are respectively welded to the conversion steel beam by using an adaptive assembly support tool to form an all-round adaptive hoop support system. structure;
  • the self-anchored suspension cable structure adopts the self-adaptive assembly support system as the support for the installation of the steel structure, and bears the load during the installation process of the cable truss, and can also play the space X by the action of the annular hoop.
  • the three coordinate directions of Y and Z are used to limit the stability, and the stability and safety during the construction of the cable structure can be ensured.
  • the self-anchored suspension cable structure adopts an adaptive assembly supporting tooling, and a double-supporting tire frame is arranged on the floor as a vertical support, and the double-frame structure is designed with a reasonable tire cap structure and a hoop hoop, wherein the tire frame It consists of a struts that are easy to adjust and disassemble, and a support that can be raised and lowered (the height of the adaptive bracket is changed).
  • the annular hoop is a 360-degree omnidirectional annular hoop, which ensures the long-span steel structure.
  • the installation ensures that the steel truss is laterally stable; the steel embedded parts (ie embedded parts) are pre-buried on the floor, and the converted steel beams are placed on the steel embedded parts to transmit the force to the floor support beams (ie the concrete of the floor slab)
  • the method on the beam not only solves the problem that the bearing capacity of the plate can not meet the force of the support of the tire frame, and the setting of the converted steel beam also solves the problem of insufficient bearing capacity of the floor.
  • the invention solves the problem that the 1 main truss (ie steel truss) existing in the prior art has little rigidity before the tension of the cable, and cannot be independently stabilized; 2 the main truss of the self-anchored suspension has a large span.
  • Pre-arching is required during the construction process; 3 double-layered two-way cable structure is unconstrained laterally, and it is necessary to design the supporting system to bear the load during the installation process of the cable truss.
  • the all-round adaptive hoop-type support frame can withstand the load during the installation of the cable truss, and solves the problem that the main truss has little rigidity before the cable is stretched, and cannot be independently stabilized and the main span of the long-span self-anchored suspension The truss needs to be arched during the construction process.
  • the installation method of the present invention is specifically as follows:
  • an adaptive assembly support tool for the self-anchored suspension cable structure of the suspension cable structure is designed, which is composed of a first vertical support tire frame, a second vertical support tire frame, an annular hoop, a bolt, and a strut. It is composed of a support that can be raised and lowered.
  • the supporting tooling can solve the limit action of the three directions of X, Y and Z in the construction process of the cable system.
  • the designed self-anchored suspension structure it is made and installed by the adaptive assembly support tool.
  • the force transmitted to the tire frame by the upper structure is too large, if the support frame is directly placed in the basement.
  • the bearing capacity of the slab cannot meet the requirements of the force.
  • the embedded parts are pre-embedded on the slab in advance, and the converted steel beam is placed on the above, and the force value is transmitted to the concrete slab of the slab.
  • Step 1 Install the main truss support frame, while the cable is spread on the ground;
  • Step 2 installing a steel frame truss on the tire frame
  • Step 3 Install the cable clamp and the cable head using equipment such as a crane, an inverted chain, and the like;
  • step 4 the intermediate cable body is installed by using equipment such as a crane, an inverted chain, and the like.
  • the above installation method has the following beneficial effects: the full-scale adaptive hoop-type support construction method of the long-span suspension cable structure is applied to the Shijiazhuang International Exhibition Center project, and has the advantages of convenient construction, convenient operation, cost reduction and efficiency, excellent quality, etc. It is aimed at national key projects with tight schedules, heavy tasks, high difficulty and high standards, which can effectively improve construction efficiency under the premise of ensuring project quality.
  • the installation method not only serves as a support for the installation of the steel structure, but also bears the load during the installation process of the cable truss, and solves the safety of the entire construction process before the prestressing of the cable is established, and at the same time ensures the construction of the self-anchored suspension structure.
  • the method is a set of installation method for the space structure support of the cable structure, which ensures the stability and safety of the lateral unsupported suspension truss during the construction process; summarizes the construction of the large span cable structure at home and abroad.
  • the precious experience has laid a good foundation for the development of the subsequent cable structure.
  • the long-span self-anchored suspension cable structure supported by the above-mentioned supporting system structure is 10 ⁇
  • the steel structure installation amount is 5200 tons
  • the cable installation amount is 3900 tons.

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Abstract

一种自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承工装，包括第一竖直支撑胎架（1）、第二竖直支撑胎架（2）、胎帽（3）和环形抱箍（4）；第一竖直支撑胎架（1）与第二竖直支撑胎架（2）并列设置，二者上端固定连接；第一竖直支撑胎架（1）与第二竖直支撑胎架（2）上端经胎帽（3）与环形抱箍（4）连接。一种自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承系统包括多个间隔设置的该工装。一种自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支撑系统的安装方法，采用依次间隔设置的多组该系统作为自锚式悬索结构的支撑。该工装及系统能用于超大跨度双层双向悬索结构限位支撑；该方法提升安装安全性和安装效率。

Description

自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承工装、系统及安装方法
本申请要求于2018年3月23日提交的中国专利申请201820402253.5的优先权、2018年3月28日提交的中国专利申请201810265677.6的优先权和2018年3月28日提交的中国专利申请201820429488.3的优先权，它们的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑施工领域，尤其涉及一种自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承工装、系统及安装方法。
发明背景
近年来，随着空间结构体系的不断发展，索结构以它的合理形体，使得它具有良好的受力性能，越来越多的应用于体育馆、展厅等大型公共建筑。不仅型体优美、经济合理，还可以跨越超大的空间，成为近年来最具活力的结构类型之一。这一空间结构形式的出现，极大地推动了悬索结构的发展。其轻盈的体态、合理的受力与优美的造型吸引了建筑师与结构工程师们的关注，迅速发展成为建筑结构大家族中的一个重要分支。随后各种形式的悬索屋盖在世界各地争相竞艳。
而目前有些大跨度悬索结构，如石家庄国际展览中心项目主展厅结构体系，创造性采用了双向悬索结构和全无柱设计方案，是一种超大跨度双层双向悬索结构，引领行业科技标准。大跨度悬索结构新颖复杂，安装难度大，质量标准高，造型新颖、结构复杂、安装难度高。上述这种展厅结构体系由自锚式悬索结构和索桁架结构组成。由于自锚式悬索桁架(主承重结构)结构中梭形柱为铰接，所以整个自锚式悬索桁架为非刚接结构，且跨度为105米，跨度大需预起拱。索桁架(次承重结构)结构，在施工过程中的荷载也需要有支撑体系承担。该项目支撑体系的刚度由拉索提供，预应力建立之前，边柱排架支撑结构的平面外刚度以及预应力主桁架的刚度都很小，如何确保索系施工中支撑结构的稳定和安全是关乎该项目能否顺利实施的关键。拉索的安装和钢结构的安装在施工中不可分割，也就是说在安装边柱和主桁架钢结构时，支撑体系的刚度不仅要保证钢结构自身在施工过程中不发生侧倾，也要保证索结构的施工过程中不发生侧倾。
目前对悬索结构一般采用以下安装方法：
①大跨度悬挑钢结构无支承安装法：即在不搭设支承机构的条件下，以悬挑钢结构本体的刚度为依托，利用吊装机械进行高空散件安装，采用逐步延伸、阶段安装的方式 进行施工。但由于上述的超大跨度双层双向悬索结构工程的自锚式悬索钢桁架为全铰接结构，无法按照此种方法施工。
②滑移安装法：滑移安装法一般又可分两种：结构滑移法与支承滑移法；
其中，结构划移法的基本思路是将结构整体(或局部)先在具备拼装条件的场地组装成型，再利用滑移系统整体移位至设计位置的一种安装方法。由于上述的超大跨度双层双向悬索结构工程的自锚式悬索桁架为铰接，无法实现结构滑移。
支承滑移法是在结构的设计集团搭设支承架，以给结构在原位安装提供支承和操作平台，待该部分结构安装完成后，支承滑移即与已装毕的结构脱离。这样即为相邻结构的原位安装创造了条件，如此循环，直至结构完成整体安装。但由于上述的超大跨度双层双向悬索结构的工程展厅地面分布大量展沟和次展沟，支撑滑移道路受限制，且支撑滑移施工进度慢，由于工期限制，支撑滑移法无法满足现场工期进度要求。
综上所述，上述现有技术对悬索结构的安装方法存在以下缺点：
(1)针对大跨度双层索结构尚无系统支撑方法可参考。
(2)传统大跨度支撑体系不适用于全铰接结构自锚式悬索桁架施工。
(3)传统支撑体系只能限制Y方向的单向位移，无法实现预起拱需要的Y方向可自动调节和整体结构所需的全方位限位作用。
(4)传统支撑体系大部分节点为刚接，制作、搭设和拆除复杂。
因此，如何提供一种可调节的全方位自适应抱箍式支承体系，保证无支承式悬索桁架高空精确定位和施工过程的稳定与安全，以满足双向悬索结构和全无柱设计方案的大跨度悬索结构工程是需要解决的问题。
发明内容
基于现有技术所存在的问题，本发明的目的是提供一种自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承工装、系统及安装方法，适用于全铰接结构自锚式悬索桁架施工，能在保证稳定性和安全性的前提下，提升超大跨度双层双向悬索结构的安装效率。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的：
本发明实施方式提供一种自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承工装，包括：
第一竖直支撑胎架、第二竖直支撑胎架、胎帽和环形抱箍；其中，
所述第一竖直支撑胎架与所述第二竖直支撑胎架并列设置；
所述第一竖直支撑胎架与第二竖直支撑胎架上端固定连接；
所述第一竖直支撑胎架与第二竖直支撑胎架上端经所述胎帽与所述环形抱箍连接。
本发明实施方式还提供一种自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承系统的安装方法，包括：
采用由依次间隔设置的多组权利要求1至4任一项所述的自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承工装组成的自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承系统作为超大跨度双层双向悬索结构的支撑；
在安装所述超大跨度双层双向悬索结构的楼板上设置预埋件，在所述预埋件上焊接转换钢梁，使所述转换钢梁横置于所述楼板的混凝土梁上；
将所述自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承系统的各组自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承工装依次焊接在所述转换钢梁上，形成全方位自适应抱箍式支撑体系结构；
在所述自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承系统上安装超大跨度双层双向悬索结构的钢结构桁架，通过所述自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承系统对所述超大跨度双层双向悬索结构的钢结构桁架进行空间限位式支撑，之后在所述钢结构桁架上完成超大跨度双层双向悬索结构的安装。
由上述本发明提供的技术方案可以看出，本发明实施例提供的自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承工装、系统及安装方法，其有益效果为：
该通过支承工装采用并列设置的第一竖直支撑胎架与第二竖直支撑胎架，并通过胎帽连接两个竖直支撑胎架上端的环形抱箍，形成一种双胎架垂直支撑结构，既保证了大跨度钢结构的安装，又保证了此桁架侧向稳定；这种支撑结构制作、搭设和拆除都很简单，也避免满堂支撑架占用大量场地的缺点，节约了成本加快施工效率。
该安装方法通过采用由依次间隔设置的多组全方位自适应抱箍式支撑胎架组成的全方位自适应抱箍式支撑体系结构作为超大跨度双层双向悬索结构的支撑，并在安装所述超大跨度双层双向悬索结构的楼板上设置预埋件来安装转换钢梁，使转换钢梁作用于楼板的混凝土梁上，在转换钢梁上焊接各组全方位自适应抱箍式支撑胎架，通过各组全方位自适应抱箍式支撑胎架对超大跨度双层双向悬索结构的钢结构桁架进行空间限位式支撑，完成超大跨度双层双向悬索结构的安装。该方法稳定性和安全性高，能实现对超大跨度双层双向悬索结构的限位支撑，填补了超大跨度双层双向悬索结构无可用安装方法的空白，提升了这类悬索结构的安装效率，解决了目前支撑安装方法无法用于超大跨度双层双向悬索结构的问题。
附图简要说明
图1为本发明实施例提供的自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承工装结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承工装的俯视示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承工装的斜向示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承系统的示意图；
图5为本发明实施例提供的自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承工装的底部安装示意图；
图1至4中：1-第一竖直支撑胎架；2-第二竖直支撑胎架；3-胎帽；4-环形抱箍；5-插销；6-撑杆；7-标高能升降的支座；10-自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承系统；20-自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承工装；30-钢结构桁架；40-预埋件；50-转换钢梁。
实施本发明的方式
如图1、2和3所示，本发明实施例提供一种自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承工装，是一种全方位自适应抱箍式支撑胎架，包括：
第一竖直支撑胎架、第二竖直支撑胎架、胎帽和环形抱箍；其中，
所述第一竖直支撑胎架与所述第二竖直支撑胎架并列设置；
所述第一竖直支撑胎架与第二竖直支撑胎架上端固定连接；
所述第一竖直支撑胎架与第二竖直支撑胎架上端经所述胎帽与所述环形抱箍连接。
上述支承工装中，第一竖直支撑胎架为由多根竖直支撑钢管和连接在各竖直支撑钢管的多根横向斜拉连接钢管构成的长方形框架结构体；
所述第一竖直支撑胎架与所述第二竖直支撑胎架结构相同。
上述支承工装中，胎帽包括：四根撑杆和标高能升降的支座；
所述四根撑杆的下端分别与连接后的所述第一竖直支撑胎架和第二竖直支撑胎架上端的四角连接，四根撑杆的上端与所述环形抱箍连接；
所述标高能升降的支座设在连接后的所述第一竖直支撑胎架和第二竖直支撑胎架上端，该标高能升降的支座的位置与上方的所述环形抱箍的位置对应。
上述支承工装中，四根撑杆的下端分别与连接后的所述第一竖直支撑胎架和第二竖直支撑胎架上端的四角连接为：各撑杆的下端经插销与连接后的所述第一竖直支撑胎架和第二竖直支撑胎架上端的四角连接。
上述支承工装还包括：预埋件和转换钢梁，
所述预埋件设在楼板内，与所述转换钢梁连接；
所述预埋件与所述第一竖直支撑胎架和第二竖直支撑胎架底部焊接连接。
本发明的自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承工装，通过在楼板上布设双支撑胎架作为垂直支撑，双胎架的造型设计配合合理的胎帽构造和环向抱箍，其中，胎架由调节方便拆卸式的销轴连接的撑杆和标高能升降的支座(自适应胎架高度变化)组成，环形抱箍为360度的全方位环形抱箍，既保证了大跨度钢结构的安装，又保证了钢结构桁架侧向稳定；通过在楼板上预埋钢埋件(即预埋件)，并在钢埋件上设置转换钢梁将力传递到楼板支撑梁(即楼板的混凝土支撑梁)上的方式，不仅解决了板承载力不能满足胎架支腿受力，转换钢梁的设置也很好的解决了楼板承载力不足的问题。本发明很好的解决了现有技术中所存在的①主桁架在拉索张拉以前刚度很小，不能独立成为稳定结构；②自锚式悬索主桁架跨度大，需在施工过程中预起拱；③双层双向索结构侧向无约束，需设计支撑体系承受索桁架安装过程中的荷载等问题。
如图4所示，本发明实施例还提供一种自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承系统，是一种全方位自适应抱箍式支撑系统，包括：多个间隔设置的上述自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承工装。
该支承系统可作为大跨度自锚式侧向无支撑悬索桁架支撑系统，安全高效，解决大跨度铰接钢桁架安装问题。针对悬索结构的大直径、超长、柔性特征以及受力钢架的非刚接和大跨度异形化的趋势，能满足安全高效安装定位要求。同时，经过实践证明，此具有支撑系统的先进性，采用此支撑系统安装的大跨度自锚式悬索结构10榀，钢结构安装量不少于5200吨，拉索安装量不少于3900吨。
如图4、5所示，本发明实施例进一步提供一种自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承系统的安装方法，是一种对超大跨度双层双向悬索结构的支撑安装方法，包括：
采用由依次间隔设置的多组上述的自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承工装组成的自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承系统作为超大跨度双层双向悬索结构的支撑；
在安装所述超大跨度双层双向悬索结构的楼板上设置预埋件，在所述预埋件上焊接转换钢梁，使所述转换钢梁横置于所述楼板的混凝土梁上；
将所述自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承系统的各组自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承工装依次焊接在所述转换钢梁上，形成全方位自适应抱箍式支撑体系结构；
在所述自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承系统上安装超大跨度双层双向悬索结构的钢结构桁架，通过所述自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承系统对所述超大跨度双层双向悬索结构的钢结构桁架进行空间限位式支撑，之后在所述钢结构桁架上完成超大跨度双层双向悬索结构的安装。
上述的自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承系统既作为钢结构安装时的支撑，同时承受索桁架安装过程中的荷载，通过环形抱箍的作用，还能起到在空间上对X、Y、Z三个坐标方向进行限位的作用，可以确保在索结构施工过程中的稳定性和安全性。
这种自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承工装，通过在楼板上布设双支撑胎架作为垂直支撑，双胎架的造型设计配合合理的胎帽构造和环向抱箍，其中，胎架由调节方便拆卸式的销轴连接的撑杆和标高能升降的支座(自适应胎架高度变化)组成，环形抱箍为360度的全方位环形抱箍，既保证了大跨度钢结构的安装，又保证了钢结构桁架侧向稳定；通过在楼板上预埋钢埋件(即预埋件)，并在钢埋件上设置转换钢梁将力传递到楼板支撑梁(即楼板的混凝土梁)上的方式，不仅解决了板承载力不能满足胎架支腿受力，转换钢梁的设置也很好的解决了楼板承载力不足的问题。本发明很好的解决了现有技术中所存在的①主桁架(即钢结构桁架)在拉索张拉以前刚度很小，不能独立成为稳定结构；②自锚式悬索主桁架跨度大，需在施工过程中预起拱；③双层双向索结构侧向无约束，需设计支撑体系承受索桁架安装过程中的荷载等问题。这种全方位自适应抱箍式支撑胎架可承受索桁架安装过程中的荷载，解决了主桁架在拉索张拉以前刚度很小，不能独立成为稳定结构以及大跨度自锚式悬索主桁架在施工过程中需要起拱的问题。
下面将结合附图对本发明实施例作进一步地详细描述。
本发明的安装方法，具体如下：
首先根据结构特点设计对悬索结构的自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承工装，该结构由第一竖直支撑胎架、第二竖直支撑胎架、环形抱箍、插销、撑杆、标高能升降的支座等组成。该支承工装可解决该索系结构施工过程中X、Y、Z三个方向的限位作用。
之后按照设计的自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承工装制作并安装，安装时，由于上部结构传到胎架上的力过大，如果直接将支撑胎架是放在有地下室的工程首层楼板(300mm厚混凝土)上，楼板承载力无法满足受力要求，现提前在楼板上预埋埋件，并在上面设置转换钢梁，将力值传递到楼板混凝土梁上。
具体的，利用图4所示支承系统安装大跨度索结构的步骤如下：
步骤1，安装主桁架支撑胎架，同时拉索在地面铺开；
步骤2，安装胎架上钢结构桁架；
步骤3，利用吊车，倒链等设备和工具安装索夹和索头；
步骤4，利用吊车，倒链等设备和工具安装中间索体。
上述安装方法，具有以下有益效果：大跨度悬索结构全方位自适应抱箍式支承施工方法应用于石家庄国际展览中心工程，具有施工便捷、操作方便、降本增效、质量卓越等优点，特别是针对工期紧、任务重、难度大、标准高的国家重点工程，在保证工程质量的前提下可有效提高施工效率。本安装方法既作为钢结构安装时的支撑，同时承受索桁架安装过程中的荷载，解决了拉索预应力建立之前，确保结构整个施工过程中的安全，同时在确保自锚式悬索结构施工质量的前提下，有效缩短了施工工期，加快了施工进度15天，节省了钢90吨，简化了施工工序，具有良好的经济和社会效益，累计降低成本321.8万元，可为同类工程项目提供示范和参考。该方法是一套针对索结构空间限位支撑的安装方法，保证了侧向无支撑式悬索桁架在施工过程中的稳定性和安全性的问题；为国内外大跨度索结构的施工总结了珍贵的经验，为后续索结构的发展奠定了很好的基础。采用上述支撑体系结构支撑安装的大跨度自锚式悬索结构10榀，钢结构安装量5200吨，拉索安装量3900吨。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明披露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书的保护范围为准。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承工装，其特征在于，包括：
    第一竖直支撑胎架、第二竖直支撑胎架、胎帽和环形抱箍；其中，
    所述第一竖直支撑胎架与所述第二竖直支撑胎架并列设置；
    所述第一竖直支撑胎架与第二竖直支撑胎架上端固定连接；
    所述第一竖直支撑胎架与第二竖直支撑胎架上端经所述胎帽与所述环形抱箍连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承工装，其特征在于，所述第一竖直支撑胎架为由多根竖直支撑钢管和连接在各竖直支撑钢管的多根横向斜拉连接钢管构成的长方形框架结构体；
    所述第一竖直支撑胎架与所述第二竖直支撑胎架结构相同。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承工装，其特征在于，所述胎帽包括：四根撑杆和标高能升降的支座；
    所述四根撑杆的下端分别与连接后的所述第一竖直支撑胎架和第二竖直支撑胎架上端的四角连接，四根撑杆的上端与所述环形抱箍连接；
    所述标高能升降的支座设在连接后的所述第一竖直支撑胎架和第二竖直支撑胎架上端，该标高能升降的支座的位置与上方的所述环形抱箍的位置对应。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承工装，其特征在于，所述四根撑杆的下端分别与连接后的所述第一竖直支撑胎架和第二竖直支撑胎架上端的四角连接为：
    各撑杆的下端经插销与连接后的所述第一竖直支撑胎架和第二竖直支撑胎架上端的四角连接。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承工装，其特征在于，还包括：预埋件和转换钢梁，
    所述预埋件设在楼板内，与所述转换钢梁连接；
    所述预埋件与所述第一竖直支撑胎架和第二竖直支撑胎架底部焊接连接。
  6. 一种自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承系统，其特征在于，包括：多个间隔设置的权利要求1至5任一项所述的自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承工装。
  7. 一种自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承系统的安装方法，其特征在于，包括：
    采用由依次间隔设置的多组权利要求1至4任一项所述的自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承工装组成的自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承系统作为超大跨度双层双向悬 索结构的支撑；
    在安装所述超大跨度双层双向悬索结构的楼板上设置预埋件，在所述预埋件上焊接转换钢梁，使所述转换钢梁横置于所述楼板的混凝土梁上；
    将所述自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承系统的各组自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承工装依次焊接在所述转换钢梁上，形成全方位自适应抱箍式支撑体系结构；
    在所述自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承系统上安装超大跨度双层双向悬索结构的钢结构桁架，通过所述自锚式悬索结构用自适应装配支承系统对所述超大跨度双层双向悬索结构的钢结构桁架进行空间限位式支撑，之后在所述钢结构桁架上完成超大跨度双层双向悬索结构的安装。
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