WO2019172365A1 - (メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体含有組成物及び(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体の製造方法 - Google Patents
(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体含有組成物及び(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019172365A1 WO2019172365A1 PCT/JP2019/009053 JP2019009053W WO2019172365A1 WO 2019172365 A1 WO2019172365 A1 WO 2019172365A1 JP 2019009053 W JP2019009053 W JP 2019009053W WO 2019172365 A1 WO2019172365 A1 WO 2019172365A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/81—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- A61K8/8188—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bonds, and at least one being terminated by a bond to sulfur or by a hertocyclic ring containing sulfur; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F228/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a bond to sulfur or by a heterocyclic ring containing sulfur
- C08F228/02—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a bond to sulfur or by a heterocyclic ring containing sulfur by a bond to sulfur
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/81—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- A61K8/8141—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- A61K8/8152—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters, e.g. (meth)acrylic acid esters; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q11/00—Preparations for care of the teeth, of the oral cavity or of dentures; Dentifrices, e.g. toothpastes; Mouth rinses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
- A61Q19/10—Washing or bathing preparations
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
- A61Q5/02—Preparations for cleaning the hair
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F5/00—Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/08—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/10—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents using organic substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F5/00—Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/08—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/10—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents using organic substances
- C02F5/14—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents using organic substances containing phosphorus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/38—Polymerisation using regulators, e.g. chain terminating agents, e.g. telomerisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/04—Acids; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof
- C08F220/06—Acrylic acid; Methacrylic acid; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/008—Polymeric surface-active agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/37—Polymers
- C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C11D3/378—(Co)polymerised monomers containing sulfur, e.g. sulfonate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a (meth) acrylic acid copolymer-containing composition and a method for producing a (meth) acrylic acid copolymer. More specifically, the present invention relates to a (meth) acrylic acid copolymer-containing composition useful for water treatment agents and the like, and a method for producing a (meth) acrylic acid copolymer.
- (Meth) acrylic acid copolymers are water-soluble polymers and are widely used in various fields. Among them, those having a low molecular weight are excellent in chelating ability and dispersion performance, It is suitably used in various applications such as dispersants such as metal ions; detergent builders; water treatment agents such as anticorrosives and scale inhibitors. For example, in cooling water systems, boiler water systems, seawater desalination equipment, pulp dissolving kettles, black liquor concentration kettles, etc., precipitates (scales) such as calcium carbonate, zinc phosphate, calcium phosphate, zinc hydroxide, magnesium silicate are present on the inner wall. Adhesion may cause operational problems such as reduced thermal efficiency and local corrosion, but (meth) acrylic acid-based copolymers are used as anticorrosives and scale inhibitors to suppress or remove the scale. ing.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a structural unit (a) derived from a (meth) acrylic acid monomer (A) having a specific structure, It is a copolymer having a structural unit (b) derived from a monoethylenically unsaturated monomer (B) copolymerizable with a (meth) acrylic acid monomer (A), and at least at the end of the main chain A (meth) acrylic acid copolymer having a sulfonic acid group (wherein the sulfonic acid group may be an ammonium salt, an alkali metal salt, or a salt of an organic amine group) on one side.
- a structural unit (a) derived from a (meth) acrylic acid monomer (A) having a specific structure It is a copolymer having a structural unit (b) derived from a monoethylenically unsaturated monomer (B) copolymerizable with a (meth) acrylic acid monomer (A), and at least at the end
- the structural unit (b) includes at least the structural unit (b1) derived from the (meth) allyl ether monomer (B1) having a specific structure, and the structural unit (a) and the structural unit
- the mutual ratio of (b1) is the structural unit (a) 7 To 95 mol%, the a structural unit (b1) 5 - 30 mol%, and wherein the (meth) acrylic acid copolymer is disclosed.
- Patent Document 2 when a (meth) acrylic acid-based polymer is produced by subjecting a (meth) acrylic acid-based water-soluble monomer to aqueous solution polymerization, the monomer conversion of the polymer in the reaction solution after polymerization is performed.
- JP 2002-003536 A JP-A-6-263803 JP-A-6-287208 JP-T-2014-511402
- compositions containing conventional (meth) acrylic acid-based copolymers are stored at low temperatures.
- mirabilite is liable to precipitate, is not sufficient in suppressing calcium phosphate scale, and is not sufficient in terms of both low-temperature stability and ability to suppress calcium phosphate scale.
- it is difficult to remove it, and thus there has been a problem in the transport, storage, and handleability of the (meth) acrylic acid copolymer.
- This invention is made
- the present inventor has conducted various studies on compositions containing a (meth) acrylic acid copolymer, and the sulfur atom equivalent concentration of a sulfur atom-containing inorganic component not incorporated in the copolymer in the composition is within a specific range. As a result, it was found that even when stored at a low temperature, the precipitation of mirabilite is sufficiently suppressed and the low temperature stability is excellent. Furthermore, it has been found that the copolymer has excellent ability to suppress calcium phosphate scale by having a specific proportion of structural units derived from a sulfonic acid monomer and having a weight average molecular weight within a specific range. Thus, the inventors have conceived that the above problems can be solved brilliantly, and have reached the present invention.
- the present invention provides a (meth) acrylic acid copolymer having a structural unit (a) derived from (meth) acrylic acid (salt) and a structural unit (b) derived from a sulfonic acid monomer (B).
- the proportion of the structural unit (b) is 5 to 90 mol% with respect to 100 mol% of all structural units, and the weight average molecular weight is 4,500 to 18,
- the above composition is a (meth) acrylic acid copolymer-containing composition in which the sulfur atom-containing inorganic component not incorporated in the copolymer has a sulfur atom equivalent concentration of 6000 ppm or less.
- the proportion of the structural unit (b) is preferably 10 to 90 mol% with respect to 100 mol% of all structural units.
- the proportion of the structural unit (a) is preferably 10 to 95 mol% with respect to 100 mol% of all structural units.
- the proportion of the structural unit (e) derived from the other monomer (E) other than (meth) acrylic acid (salt) and the sulfonic acid monomer (B) is 100 mol in total structural units.
- the copolymer preferably has a weight average molecular weight of 4,500 to 17,000.
- the sulfonic acid monomer (B) is represented by the following formula (1);
- R 0 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- R 1 represents a CH 2 group, a CH 2 CH 2 group or a direct bond.
- X and Y represent a hydroxyl group, the following formula (2) or (3 ) (Wherein at least one of X and Y represents a structure represented by the following formula (2) or (3)).
- R 2 represents an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or an arylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
- M represents at least one selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a metal atom, an ammonium group, an organic amine salt, and an organic ammonium group. It is preferable that it is a monomer represented by these.
- the copolymer preferably has a phosphorus atom-containing group.
- the copolymer preferably has a structure derived from hypophosphorous acid (salt) and / or phosphorous acid (salt).
- the composition preferably has a scale inhibition rate of 40% or more in the following calcium phosphate scale inhibition test.
- ⁇ Calcium phosphate scale inhibition test> A test solution containing a copolymer (concentration 12 mg / L) and phosphate ions (9 mg PO 4 3 ⁇ / L) and having a calcium hardness (calculated as calcium carbonate) of 500 mg CaCO 3 / L was allowed to stand at 60 ° C. for 24 hours. The residual phosphate ion concentration after the analysis is analyzed, and the calcium phosphate scale inhibition rate is obtained by the following formula.
- This invention is also a water treatment agent containing the said (meth) acrylic-acid type copolymer containing composition.
- This invention is also a cleaning agent containing the said (meth) acrylic acid type copolymer containing composition.
- the present invention further relates to a method for producing a (meth) acrylic acid copolymer, wherein the production method comprises a single monomer comprising (meth) acrylic acid (salt) and a sulfonic acid monomer (B). Including a step of polymerizing the body component in the presence of a phosphorus atom-containing compound, wherein the proportion of the sulfone monomeric monomer (B) in the monomer component is 100 mol% of the total monomer components.
- the production method comprises a single monomer comprising (meth) acrylic acid (salt) and a sulfonic acid monomer (B).
- the copolymer has a weight average molecular weight of 4,500 to 18,000.
- the proportion of the structural unit (b) of the copolymer to be obtained is preferably 10 to 90 mol% with respect to 100 mol% of all structural units.
- the proportion of the structural unit (a) of the obtained copolymer is preferably 10 to 95 mol% with respect to 100 mol% of all structural units.
- the proportion of the structural unit (e) derived from the monomer (E) other than the (meth) acrylic acid (salt) and the sulfonic acid monomer (B) of the obtained copolymer is The content is preferably 0 to 20 mol% with respect to 100 mol% of all structural units.
- the weight average molecular weight of the obtained copolymer is preferably 4,500 to 17,000.
- the sulfonic acid monomer (B) is preferably continuously dropped into the reactor at a dropping rate of two or more stages.
- the phosphorus atom-containing compound is preferably hypophosphorous acid (salt).
- the (meth) acrylic acid-based copolymer-containing composition of the present invention has the above-described configuration, and can sufficiently exhibit both low-temperature stability and calcium phosphate scale inhibiting ability. Can be used.
- the (meth) acrylic acid copolymer-containing composition of the present invention (hereinafter also referred to as the composition of the present invention) comprises a structural unit (a) derived from (meth) acrylic acid (salt) and a sulfonic acid monomer.
- concentration of the sulfur atom containing inorganic component which contains the (meth) acrylic acid type copolymer which has a structural unit (b) derived from (B), and is not incorporated in the copolymer is 6000 ppm or less. Thereby, precipitation of the salt cake in a composition can fully be suppressed.
- the sulfur atom-containing inorganic component not incorporated in the copolymer is an unreacted raw material or by-product such as a polymerization initiator or a chain transfer agent contained in the composition, and is an inorganic component having a sulfur atom. is there.
- the concentration in terms of sulfur atom of the sulfur atom-containing inorganic component not incorporated in the copolymer is preferably 5500 ppm or less, more preferably 5000 ppm or less, still more preferably 4000 ppm or less, and particularly preferably 3000 ppm or less.
- concentration of the said sulfur atom containing inorganic component it is preferable to exceed 0 ppm.
- the composition having a sulfur atom equivalent concentration of the sulfur atom-containing inorganic component of 6000 ppm or less is, for example, adjusting the amount of a polymerization initiator having a sulfur atom and a chain transfer agent having a sulfur atom in the production of a copolymer. Can be obtained. Moreover, the sulfur atom conversion density
- concentration of the sulfur atom containing inorganic component which is not integrated in the copolymer can be measured by the method as described in an Example.
- composition of the present invention preferably has a scale inhibition rate of 40% or more in the calcium phosphate scale inhibition test. More preferably, it is 60% or more, still more preferably 70% or more, and particularly preferably 80% or more.
- the proportion of the (meth) acrylic acid copolymer is preferably 30 to 70% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the composition. More preferably, it is 35 to 60% by mass, and still more preferably 40 to 55% by mass.
- the pH of the composition of the present invention is preferably 1.5 to 6, and more preferably 5 or less. It is preferable for the pH of the composition to be in this range because of excellent low-temperature stability.
- the proportion of the structural unit (b) is 5 to 90 mol% with respect to 100 mol% of all structural units.
- a preferable range as the lower limit of the proportion of the structural unit (b) is 7.5 mol% or more.
- the composition of the present invention is more excellent in calcium phosphate scale inhibiting ability. More preferably, it is 10 mol% or more, More preferably, it is 12.5 mol% or more, More preferably, it is 15 mol% or more, More preferably, it is 17 mol% or more, More preferably, it is 18 mol%. It is above, Especially preferably, it is 20 mol% or more.
- an upper limit is 70 mol% or less. More preferably, it is 60 mol% or less, More preferably, it is 50 mol% or less, More preferably, it is 40 mol% or less, Most preferably, it is 30 mol% or less.
- the proportion of the structural unit (a) in the (meth) acrylic acid copolymer is preferably 10 to 95 mol% with respect to 100 mol% of all structural units.
- the composition of the present invention is more excellent in calcium capturing ability and more excellent in calcium phosphate scale inhibiting ability.
- a more preferred lower limit is 30 mol% or more, still more preferably 40 mol% or more, still more preferably 50 mol% or more, and particularly preferably 60 mol% or more.
- the upper limit is more preferably 90 mol% or less, still more preferably 85 mol% or less, still more preferably 83 mol% or less, still more preferably 82 mol% or less, and particularly preferably 80 mol%. It is as follows.
- the (meth) acrylic acid copolymer has a structural unit (e) derived from other monomer (E) other than (meth) acrylic acid (salt) and sulfonic acid monomer (B).
- the proportion of the structural unit (e) is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 0 to 20 mol% with respect to 100 mol% of all structural units. More preferably, it is 0 to 10 mol%, still more preferably 0 to 5 mol%, and most preferably 0 mol%.
- the (meth) acrylic acid copolymer preferably has a phosphorus atom-containing group.
- the composition of this invention can be utilized as a marker for analyzing the polymer concentration at the time of use, when it uses for a water treatment agent etc.
- heat resistance may be improved. More preferably, it has a structure derived from hypophosphorous acid (salt) or phosphorous acid (salt), that is, one having hypophosphorous acid (salt) group or phosphorous acid (salt) group, and more preferably It has a phosphorous acid (salt) group.
- the hypophosphorous acid (salt) group means a hypophosphorous acid group or a salt thereof
- the phosphorous acid (salt) group means a phosphorous acid group or a salt thereof.
- the (meth) acrylic acid copolymer having a phosphorus atom-containing group can be obtained, for example, by using a phosphorus atom-containing compound as a chain transfer agent in the production of the copolymer. Further, for example, by using hypophosphorous acid (salt) as a chain transfer agent, a hypophosphorous acid (salt) group can be introduced at the end of the main chain of the copolymer.
- the structural unit having a hypophosphorous acid (salt) group at the end of the main chain can be analyzed by, for example, 31 P-NMR measurement.
- a compound having a plurality of reaction sites such as hypophosphorous acid (salt) is used as a chain transfer agent in the production of the copolymer
- a structural unit containing phosphorus is formed in addition to the molecular end of the copolymer.
- the (meth) acrylic acid copolymer has a weight average molecular weight of 4,500 to 18,000. Preferably it is 4,500 or more and 17,000 or less, More preferably, it is 16,000 or less, More preferably, it is 15,000 or less, More preferably, it is 14,000 or less, Especially preferably, it is 13,000 or less It is. More preferably, it is 5,000 or more as a weight average molecular weight, More preferably, it is 5,500 or more, More preferably, it is 6,000 or more, Most preferably, it is 6,500 or more.
- the proportion of the structural unit (b) in the copolymer is 20 mol% or more, even if the weight average molecular weight of the copolymer is in a relatively large range of 10,000 to 15,000, The ability to suppress calcium phosphate scale can be more fully exhibited.
- the weight average molecular weight of a copolymer can be measured by the method as described in an Example.
- the (meth) acrylic acid copolymer has a structural unit (a) derived from (meth) acrylic acid (salt).
- (Meth) acrylic acid (salt) represents acrylic acid, acrylate, methacrylic acid, and methacrylate. Among these, acrylic acid and acrylate are preferable.
- These (meth) acrylic acids (salts) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the salt in the (meth) acrylic acid (salt) include metal salts, ammonium salts, and organic amine salts. Among these, alkali metal salts are preferable, and sodium salts are more preferable. 1 type may be sufficient as the salt in these (meth) acrylic acid (salt), and 2 or more types may be sufficient as it.
- the (meth) acrylic acid copolymer has a structural unit (b) derived from the sulfonic acid monomer (B).
- the sulfonic acid monomer (B) is not particularly limited as long as it has a sulfonic acid (salt) group and an ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon group.
- R 3 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- R 4 represents a CH 2 group, a CH 2 CH 2 group or a direct bond.
- Z may be the same or different and has 2 to Represents an oxyalkylene group of 20.
- n is an average addition mole number of the oxyalkylene group and represents a number of 1 to 300.
- a and B are a hydroxyl group, represented by the following formula (5) or (6). (However, at least one of A and B represents a structure represented by the following formula (5) or (6)).
- R 5 represents an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or an arylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
- M represents at least one selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a metal atom, an ammonium group, an organic amine salt, and an organic ammonium group. (Poly) alkylene glycol-containing unsaturated sulfonic acid and the like thereof, and their salts.
- Z represents the same or different and represents an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, and this is because all the oxyalkylene groups of Z present in n in the polyalkylene glycol are the same. Means that it may be different.
- the oxyalkylene group represented by Z is an alkylene oxide adduct. Examples of such alkylene oxide include ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, isobutylene oxide, 1-butene oxide, 2-butene oxide, styrene oxide, and the like. And an alkylene oxide having 2 to 8 carbon atoms. More preferred are alkylene oxides having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and still more preferred are ethylene oxide and propylene oxide.
- the oxyalkylene group in the polyalkylene glycol preferably has an oxyethylene group as an essential component, more preferably 50 mol% or more is an oxyethylene group, More preferably, the mol% or more is an oxyethylene group.
- n represents the average added mole number of the oxyalkylene group and is 1 to 300. n is preferably 2 to 100, and more preferably 3 to 55.
- At least one of A and B is a structure represented by the formula (6). More preferably, one of A and B is a hydroxyl group and the other is a sulfonic acid (salt) group. More preferably, A is a hydroxyl group and B is a sulfonic acid (salt) group.
- an optionally substituted alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms and an optionally substituted arylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms are represented by the following formula (2). And the alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent and the arylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
- salt in the sulfonic acid (salt) group examples include the same salts as those in the (meth) acrylic acid (salt).
- sulfonic acid monomer (B) the following formula (1);
- R 0 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- R 1 represents a CH 2 group, a CH 2 CH 2 group or a direct bond.
- X and Y represent a hydroxyl group, the following formula (2) or (3 ) (Wherein at least one of X and Y represents a structure represented by the following formula (2) or (3)).
- R 2 represents an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or an arylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
- M represents at least one selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a metal atom, an ammonium group, an organic amine salt, and an organic ammonium group.
- R 0 is preferably a hydrogen atom.
- R 1 is preferably a CH 2 group. If R 1 is CH 2 group, it can be more effectively exhibit the effect of the present invention.
- the alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms and the arylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms in the above formula (2) may have a substituent.
- substituents include an alkenyl group, an alkoxy group, a hydroxyl group, and an acyl group.
- carbon number of the said alkylene group and arylene group shall also include carbon number of the said substituent.
- alkylene group examples include methylene group, methylmethylene group, ethylene group, n-propylene group, isopropylene group, n-butylene group, isobutylene group, sec-butylene group, tert-butylene group, n-pentylene group, isopentylene group. , Neopentylene group, hexylene group, heptylene group, octylene group, nonylene group, decylene group and the like.
- the alkylene group preferably has 1 to 8 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- arylene group examples include a phenyl group; benzyl group, 1-phenylethyl group, 2-phenylethyl group, 3-phenylpropyl group, 4-phenylbutyl group, styryl group (Ph—CH ⁇ C— group), And a group obtained by extracting one hydrogen atom from an aryl group such as a cinnamyl group (Ph—CH ⁇ CHCH 2 — group).
- the arylene group preferably has 6 to 8 carbon atoms, more preferably 6 to 7 carbon atoms.
- R 2 is preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
- X and Y is a structure represented by Formula (3). More preferably, one of X and Y is a hydroxyl group and the other is a sulfonic acid (salt) group. More preferably, X is a hydroxyl group and Y is a sulfonic acid (salt) group.
- the sulfonic acid monomer (B) is more preferably 3- (meth) allyloxy-2-hydroxy-1-propanesulfonic acid or a salt thereof. 3- (Meth) allyloxy-2-hydroxy-1-propanesulfonic acid is difficult to hydrolyze and has excellent stability, and therefore has excellent environmental and safety properties. In addition, 3- (meth) allyloxy-2-hydroxy-1-propanesulfonic acid is more economical than p-styrenesulfonic acid, for example.
- the (meth) acrylic acid copolymer has a structural unit (e) derived from other monomer (E) other than (meth) acrylic acid (salt) and sulfonic acid monomer (B).
- the other monomer (E) may contain a carboxyl group other than (meth) acrylic acid such as maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid, 2-methyleneglutaric acid, and salts thereof.
- the present invention is also a method for producing a (meth) acrylic acid copolymer, wherein the production method comprises a single monomer containing (meth) acrylic acid (salt) and a sulfonic acid monomer (B). Including a step of polymerizing the body component in the presence of a phosphorus atom-containing compound, and the proportion of the sulfonic acid monomer (B) in the monomer component is 5% with respect to 100 mol% of all monomer components. It is also a method for producing a (meth) acrylic acid copolymer in which the copolymer has a weight average molecular weight of 4,500 to 18,000.
- a phosphorus atom-containing compound As a chain transfer agent, it is preferable to use a phosphorus atom-containing compound as a chain transfer agent.
- the phosphorus atom-containing compound include hypophosphorous acid (salts) such as hypophosphorous acid and sodium hypophosphite (including hydrates thereof), phosphorous acid such as phosphorous acid and sodium phosphite ( Salt) and the like.
- the amount of the phosphorus atom-containing compound used in the production of the copolymer of the present invention is preferably 0.01 g or more and 10 g or less with respect to 1 mol of the monomer (total monomer) used, More preferably, it is 0.1 g or more and 8 g or less. More preferably, it is 6 g or less, More preferably, it is 5 g or less, Especially preferably, it is 4 g or less.
- chain transfer agents other than a phosphorus atom containing compound can also be used together.
- Other chain transfer agents include thiol chain transfer agents such as mercaptoethanol and mercaptopropionic acid; halides such as carbon tetrachloride and methylene chloride; secondary alcohols such as isopropyl alcohol and glycerin; sulfite such as sodium sulfite (Salt); Bisulfite (salt) such as sodium hydrogen sulfite; Dithionite (salt) such as sodium dithionite; Pyrosulfite (salt) such as potassium pyrosulfite;
- the other chain transfer agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the amount of the other chain transfer agent used is preferably 5 g or less, more preferably 3 g or less, still more preferably 1 g with respect to 1 mol of the monomer (total monomer) used. Or less, most preferably 0 g.
- the method for initiating the polymerization of the monomer component in the polymerization step is not particularly limited.
- a method of adding a polymerization initiator, a method of irradiating UV, a method of applying heat, and in the presence of a photoinitiator examples include a method of irradiating light.
- polymerization initiator examples include hydrogen peroxide; persulfates such as sodium persulfate, potassium persulfate, and ammonium persulfate; dimethyl 2,2′-azobis (2-methylpropionate), 2,2′- Azobis (isobutyronitrile), 2,2′-azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (2,2′-azobis-2-amidinopropane dihydrochloride), 2,2′-azobis [N— (2-carboxyethyl) -2-methylpropionamidine] hydrate, 2,2′-azobis [2- (2-imidazolin-2-yl) propane], 2,2′-azobis [2- (2- Azoline compounds such as imidazolin-2-yl) propane] dihydrochloride, 2,2′-azobis (1-imino-1-pyrrolidino-2-methylpropane) dihydrochloride; benzoyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide Organic peroxides such
- polymerization initiators since residual monomers tend to decrease, hydrogen peroxide, persulfates, and azo compounds are preferable, and persulfates are more preferable.
- These polymerization initiators may be used alone or in the form of a mixture of two or more.
- the amount of the polymerization initiator used is preferably 0.1 g or more and 10 g or less, and 0.2 g or more and 8 g or less with respect to 1 mol of the monomer (total monomer) used. More preferably, it is 0.5 g or more and 7 g or less.
- a persulfate as a polymerization initiator, if the amount used is in the above range, the sulfur atom equivalent concentration of the sulfur atom-containing inorganic component not incorporated in the copolymer in the composition of the present invention is more suitable. Range.
- an aqueous solvent is preferable as the solvent.
- the aqueous solvent include water, alcohols such as methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol (2-propanol), n-butyl alcohol and diethylene glycol, glycol, glycerin, polyethylene glycol and the like, preferably water.
- any appropriate organic solvent may be added as appropriate within a range that does not adversely affect the polymerization.
- organic solvents examples include lower alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and isopropyl alcohol; lower ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and diethyl ketone; ethers such as dimethyl ether, diethyl ether and dioxane; amides such as dimethylformaldehyde. And the like. These solvents may use only 1 type and may use 2 or more types. The amount of the solvent used is preferably 40 to 300% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the monomer.
- the method for adding each raw material is not particularly limited, and it may be added to the reactor all at once or sequentially, but it is preferable to add sequentially.
- the sequential addition may be continuous addition (for example, an aspect of dropping over a certain period of time) or intermittent addition (for example, an aspect in which each raw material is added in multiple times). It may also be an addition in which both are combined. More preferred is a method in which each raw material is added continuously.
- the sulfonic acid monomer (B) As a method for adding the sulfonic acid monomer (B), it is preferable to continuously add dropwise to the reactor. More preferably, it is continuously dripped at a reactor at a dropping speed of two or more stages. That is, the form in which the sulfonic acid monomer (B) is continuously dropped into the reactor at a dropping rate of two or more stages in the polymerization step is one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention. More preferably, the sulfonic acid monomer (B) is dropped into the reactor at a two-stage dropping rate. By dropping the sulfonic acid monomer (B) into the reactor at a two-stage dropping rate, a copolymer with a more uniform composition can be produced.
- 10 to 90 mass% is dropped at a constant rate (first stage) with respect to 100 mass% of the sulfonic acid monomer (B) used, and the remaining sulfonic acid monomer is then added.
- (B) is to perform dropping (second stage) at a constant speed after lowering the dropping speed.
- the second stage dropping rate is preferably 20 to 70%, more preferably 30 to 60%, with respect to the first stage dropping rate of 100%.
- the amount of residual monomer can be reduced. More preferably, it is continuously dripping into the reactor at a dropping speed of two or more stages, and further preferably, it is dropped into the reactor at a dropping speed of two stages. Particularly preferably, 5 to 80% by mass is dropped at a constant rate (first stage) with respect to 100% by mass of the polymerization initiator used, and then the remaining polymerization initiator is increased after increasing the dropping rate. , Dropping at a constant speed (second stage). The second stage dropping rate is preferably 105 to 250%, more preferably 110 to 230% with respect to the first stage dropping rate of 100%.
- the pH during polymerization is preferably 1.5 to 6, and more preferably 5 or less. This range is preferable because the reaction proceeds efficiently.
- pH adjusters include alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, alkaline earth metal hydroxides such as calcium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide, ammonia, monoethanolamine, triethanolamine and the like. And organic amine salts thereof. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide are preferable, and sodium hydroxide is particularly preferable.
- the degree of neutralization is preferably 0 to 75 mol% with respect to the acid groups being polymerized.
- the polymerization temperature is not particularly limited, but is preferably within the range of 50 to 150 ° C., since the polymerization rate is further improved. More preferably, it is 70 to 120 ° C.
- the reaction time depends on the reaction temperature, the type (property) and combination of the monomer component, the polymerization initiator, and the solvent, the amount used, etc., so that the polymerization reaction is completed. What is necessary is just to set suitably.
- the method for producing the copolymer preferably includes a step of aging the copolymer after the polymerization reaction. By performing the aging step, the amount of residual monomer can be reduced.
- the temperature in the aging step is not particularly limited, but is preferably 50 to 150 ° C. More preferably, the polymerization reaction temperature is maintained.
- the aging time in the aging step is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 minutes to 5 hours. More preferably, it is 15 minutes to 3 hours.
- the (meth) acrylic acid copolymer-containing composition of the present invention comprises a coagulant, a flocculant, a printing ink, an adhesive, a soil conditioner (modifier), a flame retardant, a skin care agent, a hair care agent, and a shampoo / hair spray.
- the (meth) acrylic acid copolymer-containing composition of the present invention is preferably used for water treatment agents.
- a method of using the (meth) acrylic acid copolymer-containing composition as a water treatment agent is also one aspect of the present invention.
- the present invention is also a water treatment agent containing a (meth) acrylic acid copolymer-containing composition.
- a polymerized phosphate, phosphonate, anticorrosive, slime control agent, chelating agent, and pH adjuster may be used as other compounding agents.
- the water treatment agent is useful for scale prevention in a cooling water circulation system, a boiler water circulation system, a seawater desalination apparatus, a pulp digester, a black liquor concentration tank, and the like. Further, any appropriate water-soluble polymer may be included as long as it does not affect the performance and effects.
- the (meth) acrylic acid copolymer-containing composition of the present invention can be used for detergent or cleaning agent applications.
- a method of using the above (meth) acrylic acid copolymer-containing composition as a detergent or cleaning agent is also one aspect of the present invention.
- This invention is also a detergent or a cleaning agent containing the said (meth) acrylic-acid type copolymer containing composition.
- the above-mentioned (meth) acrylic acid copolymer-containing composition is a detergent for various uses such as clothes, tableware, dwelling, hair, body, toothpaste and automobile as detergent additives for detergent builders and the like. It can be used by adding to.
- This invention is also a detergent composition containing the said (meth) acrylic-acid type copolymer containing composition and detergent additives other than this compound.
- the proportion of the (meth) acrylic acid copolymer is preferably 0.1 to 40% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the composition. More preferably, it is 0.3 to 30% by mass, and still more preferably 0.5 to 20% by mass.
- the detergent additive other than the (meth) acrylic acid copolymer-containing composition of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is an additive used for a surfactant or a normal detergent, and there is a conventionally known knowledge in the detergent field. Reference may be made as appropriate.
- the detergent composition may be a powder detergent composition or a liquid detergent composition.
- the surfactant is preferably one or more selected from the group consisting of an anionic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant and an amphoteric surfactant.
- anionic surfactants include alkylbenzene sulfonate, alkyl ether sulfate, alkenyl ether sulfate, alkyl sulfate, alkenyl sulfate, ⁇ -olefin sulfonate, ⁇ -sulfo fatty acid or ester salt, alkane sulfonate , Saturated fatty acid salt, unsaturated fatty acid salt, alkyl ether carboxylate, alkenyl ether carboxylate, amino acid type surfactant, N-acyl amino acid type surfactant, alkyl phosphate ester or salt thereof, alkenyl phosphate ester or Its salts are preferred.
- An alkyl group such as a methyl group may be branched from the alkyl group or alkenyl group in these anionic surfactants.
- Nonionic surfactants include polyoxyalkylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyalkylene alkenyl ethers, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ethers, higher fatty acid alkanolamides or alkylene oxide adducts thereof, sucrose fatty acid esters, alkyl glycoxides, fatty acid glycerin mono Esters, alkylamine oxides and the like are preferred.
- An alkyl group such as a methyl group may be branched from the alkyl group or alkenyl group in these nonionic surfactants.
- cationic surfactant a quaternary ammonium salt or the like is suitable.
- amphoteric surfactant a carboxyl type amphoteric surfactant, a sulfobetaine type amphoteric surfactant, and the like are suitable.
- the alkyl group and alkenyl group in these cationic surfactants and amphoteric surfactants may be branched from an alkyl group such as a methyl group.
- the blending ratio of the surfactant is usually 10 to 60% by mass, preferably 15 to 50% by mass, more preferably 20 to 45% by mass, particularly preferably based on the total amount of the detergent composition. Is 25 to 40% by mass. If the surfactant content is too small, sufficient detergency may not be achieved, and if the surfactant content is too high, the economy may be reduced.
- each (meth) acrylic acid type copolymer containing composition obtained by the Example and the comparative example was diluted with deionized water, and the composition solution with a solid content concentration of 100 mg / L was prepared.
- the blank test liquid which added deionized water instead of the composition solution as a blank was adjusted.
- the test solution was sealed and heated in a water bath at 60 ° C. for 24 hours, and then the test solution was filtered through a filter paper having a pore size of 0.45 ⁇ m, and the residual phosphate ion concentration in the filtrate was analyzed.
- the calcium phosphate scale inhibition rate was determined by the following formula (2).
- Example 1 In a 2.5 L SUS separable flask equipped with a stirrer, a reflux condenser, and a thermometer, 296.3 g of pure water was previously charged and heated to the boiling point with stirring. Next, in a system in a boiling point reflux state with stirring, 496.5 g of an 80% aqueous solution of acrylic acid (hereinafter abbreviated as 80% AA) and an aqueous solution of 40% sodium 3-allyloxy-2-hydroxy-1-propanesulfonate (hereinafter referred to as 40%).
- 80% AA 80% aqueous solution of acrylic acid
- 40% 40% sodium 3-allyloxy-2-hydroxy-1-propanesulfonate
- 45% SHP 45% sodium hypophosphite aqueous solution
- 15% NaPS 15% sodium persulfate aqueous solution
- Example 2 The initial charge of pure water was 231.2 g, 80% AA 407.9 g, 40% HAPS 780 g, 45% SHP 42.4 g, 15% NaPS 159 g and 40% HAPS 260 g dropped 0-30 The remaining 40% HAPS 520g drop was changed to 30-140 minutes, 15% NaPS 75.5g drop was changed to 0-130 minutes, and the remaining 15% NaPS 83.5g drop was changed to 130-200 minutes.
- the reaction was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain an aqueous solution of the polymer (2) having a solid content concentration of 46.2% and a pH of 3.6.
- Example 3 Initially charged pure water was 247.6 g, 80% AA was 430 g, 40% HAPS was 734.4 g, 45% SHP was 24.5 g, 15% NaPS was 163.4 g, and 40% HAPS was 326.4 g. For 30-30 minutes, the remaining 40% HAPS 408 g for 30-155 minutes, 15% NaPS 77.6 g for 0-130 minutes, and the remaining 15% NaPS 85.8 g for 130-200 minutes. Except for changing to minutes, the reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain an aqueous solution of the polymer (3) having a solid content concentration of 46.2% and a pH of 3.6.
- Example 4 Initial charge of pure water to 221.8 g, 80% AA to 360 g, 40% HAPS to 614.9 g, 45% SHP to 11.4 g, 15% NaPS to 136.8 g, 40% HAPS to 273 .3 g drop in 0-40 minutes, the remaining 40% HAPS drop in 341.6 g in 40-140 minutes, 15% NaPS in 65 g drop in 0-130 minutes, and the remaining 15% NaPS in 71.8 g drop in 130 A reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the time was changed to ⁇ 200 minutes to obtain an aqueous solution of the polymer (4) having a solid content concentration of 45.5% and a pH of 3.4.
- Example 5 183.6 g of pure water in the initial charge, 324 g of 80% AA, 840.8 g of 40% HAPS, 45.7 g of 45% SHP, 120 g of 15% NaPS, and 420.4 g of 40% HAPS were added for 0-20 minutes. The remaining 40% HAPS 420.4 g was added in 20-60 minutes, 15% NaPS 72 g was added in 0-130 minutes, the remaining 15% NaPS 48 g was added in 130-200 minutes, and the polymerization / ripening temperature was 87. The reaction was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1 except for changing the temperature to obtain an aqueous solution of the polymer (5) having a solid concentration of 46.8% and a pH of 3.9.
- Example 6 453.8 g of pure water in the initial charge, 636.6 g of 80% AA, 312.6 g of 40% HAPS, 95.2 g of 45% SHP, 102.0 g of 15% NaPS, and 138.9 g of 40% HAPS were dropped. 0-30 minutes, the remaining 173.7 g of 40% HAPS was dropped in 30-140 minutes, 15% NaPS 43.6 g was dropped in 0-130 minutes, and the remaining 15% NaPS 58.4 g was dropped in 130-200 minutes. Except for the change, the reaction was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain an aqueous solution of the polymer (6) having a solid concentration of 45.7% and a pH of 2.8.
- Example 7 427.4 g of pure water of initial charge, 577.2 g of 80% AA, 432.0 g of 40% HAPS, 67.3 g of 45% SHP, 96.1 g of 15% NaPS, and 192.0 g of 40% HAPS were dropped. From 0 to 30 minutes, the remaining 40% HAPS was dropped at 240.0 g for 30 to 140 minutes, 15% NaPS was dropped at 41.1 g for 0 to 130 minutes, and the remaining 15% NaPS was dropped at 55.0 g for 130 to 200 minutes. Except for the change, the reaction was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain an aqueous solution of the polymer (7) having a solid content concentration of 45.4% and a pH of 3.1.
- Example 8 Add 402.5 g of pure water of initial charge, 544.1 g of 80% AA, 536.3 g of 40% HAPS, 23.4 g of 45% SHP, 93.7 g of 15% NaPS, and 238.4 g of 40% HAPS. 0-30 minutes, the remaining 297.9 g of 40% HAPS was dropped in 30-140 minutes, 40.1 g of 15% NaPS was dropped in 0-130 minutes and the remaining 15% NaPS 53.6 g was dropped in 130-200 minutes. Except for the change, the reaction was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain an aqueous solution of the polymer (8) having a solid content concentration of 45.5% and a pH of 3.3.
- Example 9 The initial charge of 278.6 g of pure water, 405.1 g of 80% AA, 817.6 g of 40% HAPS, 18.7 g of 45% SHP, 80.0 g of 15% NaPS, and 363.4 g of 40% HAPS were added dropwise. From 0 to 30 minutes, the remaining 454.2 g of 40% HAPS was added dropwise to 30 to 140 minutes, 34.2 g of 15% NaPS was added dropwise to 0 to 130 minutes, and the remaining 15% NaPS was dropped to 45.8 g of 130 to 200 minutes. Except for the change, the reaction was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain an aqueous solution of the polymer (9) having a solid content concentration of 46.2% and a pH of 3.8.
- Example 10 The initial charge of 324.8 g of pure water, 431.5 g of 80% AA, 737.0 g of 40% HAPS, 57.4 g of 45% SHP, 49.2 g of 15% NaPS, and 327.5 g of 40% HAPS were dropped. From 0 to 30 minutes, the remaining 409.5 g HAPS drop was added to 30 to 100 minutes, 15% NaPS was dropped from 21.0 g to 0 to 130 minutes, and the remaining 15% NaPS was dropped to 28.2 g from 130 to 200 minutes. Except for the change, the reaction was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain an aqueous solution of the polymer (10) having a solid content concentration of 46.0% and a pH of 3.7.
- Comparative polymer (1) was obtained by the following method described in Example 7 of JP-A-6-263803.
- a SUS316 separable flask was charged with 140 g of ion-exchanged water, heated to 100 ° C., purged with nitrogen, and after replacement with nitrogen, 80% AA 470 g, 37% sodium acrylate aqueous solution 189.5 g, 40% HAPS 813 g, 35% NaPS 33.5 g and 45% 16.7 g of SHP was added dropwise over 2 hours from a separate dropping port. After dropping, the mixture was aged for 10 minutes to obtain an aqueous solution of a comparative polymer (1) having a solid content concentration of 52.7% and a pH of 4.0.
- 35% HP 35% aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution
- Each dropping time was 180 minutes for 80% AA, 140 minutes for 40% HAPS, 170 minutes for 35% SBS, 200 minutes for 15% NaPS, and 5 minutes for 35% HP.
- 35% HP was added all at once 185 minutes after the start of dropping of other raw materials.
- 40% HAPS 205.3 g was continuously dropped at a constant dropping rate from 0 to 30 minutes, and the remaining 479 g was continuously dropped at a constant dropping rate from 30 to 140 minutes.
- the aqueous solution of the comparative polymer (4) having a solid content concentration of 45.8% and a pH of 3.2 was reacted in the same manner as in Comparative Example 3 except that the dropwise addition of 86.1%% NaPS was changed to 130-200 minutes. Got.
- the weight average molecular weight, the solid content, and the copolymer are measured by the above methods. Measurement of sulfur atom equivalent concentration of sulfur atom-containing inorganic components not incorporated in the sample, measurement of calcium phosphate scale inhibition rate, measurement of chelating ability (calcium ion capturing ability), and evaluation of low temperature stability test were carried out. The results are shown in Table 1.
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Abstract
Description
また特許文献2には、(メタ)アクリル酸系水溶性単量体を水溶液重合して(メタ)アクリル酸系重合体を製造するに際し、重合後の反応液中の重合体の単量体換算濃度が38~72重量%となるのに必要な(メタ)アクリル酸系水溶性単量体、重合開始剤及び次亜リン酸(塩)を水性媒体中に逐次導入して重合することを特徴とする(メタ)アクリル酸系水溶性重合体の製造方法が開示されている。
特許文献3及び4にも、水処理剤等に用いられる(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体が開示されている。
で表される単量体であることが好ましい。
<リン酸カルシウムスケール抑制試験>
共重合体(濃度12mg/L)と、リン酸イオン(9mgPO4 3-/L)とを含み、カルシウム硬度(炭酸カルシウム換算)が500mgCaCO3/Lである試験液を60℃で24時間静置した後の残留リン酸イオン濃度を分析し、下記式により、リン酸カルシウムスケール抑制率を求める。
リン酸カルシウムスケール抑制率(%)=100×(R-Q)/(P-Q)
P:試験開始時(仕込み)の試験液中のリン酸イオン濃度(mg/L)
Q:ブランク(共重合体未添加)の残留リン酸イオン濃度(mg/L)
R:残留リン酸イオン濃度(mg/L)。
本発明の(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体含有組成物(以下、本発明の組成物ともいう)は、(メタ)アクリル酸(塩)由来の構造単位(a)とスルホン酸系単量体(B)由来の構造単位(b)とを有する(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体を含み、共重合体に組み込まれていない硫黄原子含有無機成分の硫黄原子換算濃度が6000ppm以下である。これにより、組成物中の芒硝の析出を充分に抑制することができる。
上記共重合体に組み込まれていない硫黄原子含有無機成分とは、組成物に含まれる重合開始剤、連鎖移動剤等の未反応原料や副生成物等であって、硫黄原子を有する無機成分である。
共重合体に組み込まれていない硫黄原子含有無機成分の硫黄原子換算濃度として好ましくは5500ppm以下であり、より好ましくは5000ppm以下であり、更に好ましくは4000ppm以下であり、特に好ましくは3000ppm以下である。
上記硫黄原子含有無機成分の硫黄原子換算濃度としては、0ppmを超えることが好ましい。より好ましくは500ppm以上であり、更に好ましくは1000ppm以上であり、一層好ましくは1500ppm以上であり、特に好ましくは2000ppm以上である。
上記硫黄原子含有無機成分の硫黄原子換算濃度が6000ppm以下である組成物は、例えば、共重合体の製造において、硫黄原子を有する重合開始剤、硫黄原子を有する連鎖移動剤の量を調節することにより得ることができる。
また、共重合体に組み込まれていない硫黄原子含有無機成分の硫黄原子換算濃度は、実施例に記載の方法により測定することができる。
上記(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体は、構造単位(b)の割合が、全構造単位100モル%に対して、5~90モル%である。
上記構造単位(b)の割合の下限として好ましい範囲は7.5モル%以上である。これにより、本発明の組成物がリン酸カルシウムスケール抑制能により優れるものとなる。より好ましくは10モル%以上であり、更に好ましくは12.5モル%以上であり、一層好ましくは15モル%以上であり、より一層好ましくは17モル%以上であり、更に一層好ましくは18モル%以上であり、特に好ましくは20モル%以上である。また、上限は70モル%以下であることが好ましい。より好ましくは60モル%以下、更に好ましくは50モル%以下であり、一層好ましくは40モル%以下であり、特に好ましくは30モル%以下である。
より好ましくは、次亜リン酸(塩)、亜リン酸(塩)由来の構造、すなわち、次亜リン酸(塩)基、亜リン酸(塩)基を有するものであり、更に好ましくは次亜リン酸(塩)基を有するものである。
なお、上記次亜リン酸(塩)基は、次亜リン酸基又はこの塩を意味し、上記亜リン酸(塩)基は、亜リン酸基又はこの塩を意味する。
リン原子含有基を有する(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体は、例えば、共重合体の製造においてリン原子含有化合物を連鎖移動剤として用いることにより得ることができる。
また、例えば、次亜リン酸(塩)を連鎖移動剤として用いることにより、共重合体の主鎖末端に、次亜リン酸(塩)基を導入することができる。
上記主鎖末端の次亜リン酸(塩)基を有する構造単位の分析は、例えば、31P-NMR測定等により行うことができる。
なお、上記共重合体の製造において連鎖移動剤として、次亜リン酸(塩)のように反応部位を複数有する化合物を使用する場合、共重合体の分子末端以外にリンを含む構造単位が形成される場合があり得る(例えば、ホスフィン酸ナトリウム基は、分子末端以外にも-P(=O)(ONa)-として分子内に取り込まれ得る。)。この場合であっても、31P-NMR等により分子末端のリンを含む構造単位を測定することは可能である。
重量平均分子量としてより好ましくは5,000以上であり、更に好ましくは5,500以上であり、一層好ましくは6,000以上であり、特に好ましくは6,500以上である。
また上記共重合体における構造単位(b)の割合が、20モル%以上である場合には、共重合体の重量平均分子量が10,000~15,000と比較的大きい範囲であっても、リン酸カルシウムスケール抑制能をより充分に発揮することができる。
共重合体の重量平均分子量は実施例に記載の方法により測定することができる。
上記(メタ)アクリル酸(塩)における塩としては、金属塩、アンモニウム塩、有機アミン塩が挙げられる。これらの中でも、アルカリ金属塩が好ましく、より好ましくは、ナトリウム塩である。これら(メタ)アクリル酸(塩)における塩は、1種であってもよいし、2種以上であってもよい。
上記Zで表されるオキシアルキレン基は、アルキレンオキシド付加物であり、このようなアルキレンオキシドとしては、エチレンオキシド、プロピレンオキシド、ブチレンオキシド、イソブチレンオキシド、1-ブテンオキシド、2-ブテンオキシド、スチレンオキシド等の炭素数2~8のアルキレンオキシドが挙げられる。より好ましくは炭素数2~4のアルキレンオキシドであり、更に好ましくは、エチレンオキシド、プロピレンオキシドである。
親水性と疎水性とのバランス確保のため、ポリアルキレングリコール中のオキシアルキレン基として、オキシエチレン基を必須成分として有することが好ましく、50モル%以上がオキシエチレン基であることがより好ましく、90モル%以上がオキシエチレン基であることが更に好ましい。
上記A、Bのいずれか一方は水酸基であり、もう一方はスルホン酸(塩)基であることがより好ましい。更に好ましくはAが水酸基であり、Bがスルホン酸(塩)基である。
上記式(5)における置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~10のアルキレン基、及び、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数6~10のアリーレン基は、後述する式(2)における置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~10のアルキレン基、及び、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数6~10のアリーレン基と同様である。
上記スルホン酸系単量体(B)としては下記式(1);
上記R0として、好ましくは水素原子である。
上記R1として、好ましくはCH2基である。R1がCH2基であれば、本発明の効果をより効果的に発現させることができる。
なお上記アルキレン基、アリーレン基の炭素数は、上記置換基の炭素数も含むものとする。
上記アルキレン基としては、メチレン基、メチルメチレン基、エチレン基、n-プロピレン基、イソプロピレン基、n-ブチレン基、イソブチレン基、sec-ブチレン基、tert-ブチレン基、n-ペンチレン基、イソペンチレン基、ネオペンチレン基、ヘキシレン基、ヘプチレン基、オクチレン基、ノニレン基、デシレン基等が挙げられる。
上記アルキレン基の炭素数として好ましくは1~8であり、より好ましくは1~4である。
上記アリーレン基としては、例えば、フェニル基;ベンジル基、1-フェニルエチル基、2-フェニルエチル基、3-フェニルプロピル基、4-フェニルブチル基、スチリル基(Ph-CH=C-基)、シンナミル基(Ph-CH=CHCH2-基)等のアリール基等から水素原子を1つ引き抜いて得られる基が挙げられる。
上記アリーレン基の炭素数として好ましくは6~8であり、より好ましくは6~7である。
上記R2としては、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~10のアルキレン基が好ましい。
上記X、Yのいずれか一方は水酸基であり、もう一方はスルホン酸(塩)基であることがより好ましい。更に好ましくはXが水酸基であり、Yがスルホン酸(塩)基である。
上記スルホン酸系単量体(B)としては、3-(メタ)アリルオキシ-2-ヒドロキシ-1-プロパンスルホン酸又はその塩がより好ましい。3-(メタ)アリルオキシ-2-ヒドロキシ-1-プロパンスルホン酸は、加水分解しにくく、安定性に優れるため、環境性、安全性に優れる。また、3-(メタ)アリルオキシ-2-ヒドロキシ-1-プロパンスルホン酸は、例えば、p-スチレンスルホン酸よりも経済性に優れる。
本発明はまた、(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体を製造する方法であって、上記製造方法は、(メタ)アクリル酸(塩)とスルホン酸系単量体(B)とを含む単量体成分をリン原子含有化合物の存在下で重合させる工程を含み、上記単量体成分中のスルホン酸系単量体(B)の割合が、全単量体成分100モル%に対して、5~90モル%であり、得られる共重合体の重量平均分子量が4,500~18,000である(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体の製造方法でもある。
単量体成分の具体例及び好ましい例、並びに、各単量体の好ましい割合は、上述のとおりである。
本発明の(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体含有組成物の製造方法は、特に制限されないが、本発明の(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体の製造方法により製造されることが好ましい。
リン原子含有化合物としては、次亜リン酸、次亜リン酸ナトリウム等の次亜リン酸(塩)(これらの水和物を含む)、亜リン酸、亜リン酸ナトリウム等の亜リン酸(塩)等が好ましい。これらの連鎖移動剤の存在下で、単量体成分を重合することにより、共重合体の主鎖末端に、リン原子含有基を導入することができる。これらの中でも、次亜リン酸(塩)を用いることがより好ましい。
上記重合工程において、重合開始剤を用いることが好ましい。
上記重合開始剤としては、例えば、過酸化水素;過硫酸ナトリウム、過硫酸カリウム、過硫酸アンモニウム等の過硫酸塩;ジメチル2,2’-アゾビス(2-メチルプロピオネート)、2,2’-アゾビス(イソブチロニトリル)、2,2’-アゾビス(2-メチルプロピオンアミジン)二塩酸塩(2,2’-アゾビス-2-アミジノプロパン二塩酸塩)、2,2’-アゾビス[N-(2-カルボキシエチル)-2-メチルプロピオンアミジン]水和物、2,2’-アゾビス[2-(2-イミダゾリン-2-イル)プロパン]、2,2’-アゾビス[2-(2-イミダゾリン-2-イル)プロパン]二塩酸塩、2,2’-アゾビス(1-イミノ-1-ピロリジノ-2-メチルプロパン)二塩酸塩等のアゾ系化合物;過酸化ベンゾイル、過酸化ラウロイル、過酢酸、ジ‐t-ブチルパーオキサイド、クメンヒドロパーオキサイド等の有機過酸化物;アスコルビン酸と過酸化水素、過硫酸塩と金属塩等の、酸化剤と還元剤とを組み合わせてラジカルを発生させる酸化還元型開始剤等が好適である。これらの重合開始剤のうち、残存単量体が減少する傾向にあることから、過酸化水素、過硫酸塩、アゾ系化合物が好ましく、より好ましくは過硫酸塩である。これらの重合開始剤は、単独で使用されてもよく、2種以上の混合物の形態で使用されてもよい。
重合開始剤として過硫酸塩を使用する際に、使用量が上記範囲であれば、本発明の組成物中の共重合体に組み込まれていない硫黄原子含有無機成分の硫黄原子換算濃度をより好適な範囲とすることができる。
単量体の溶媒への溶解性向上のため、必要に応じて、重合に悪影響を及ぼさない範囲で、任意の適切な有機溶媒を適宜加えてもよい。このような有機溶媒としては、例えば、メタノール、エタノール、イソプロピルアルコール等の低級アルコール類;アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、ジエチルケトン等の低級ケトン類;ジメチルエーテル、ジエチルエーテル、ジオキサン等のエーテル類;ジメチルホルムアルデヒド等のアミド類等が挙げられる。これらの溶媒は、1種のみを用いてもよいし、2種以上を用いてもよい。
溶媒の使用量としては、単量体100質量%に対して40~300質量%が好ましい。
更に好ましくはスルホン酸系単量体(B)を2段階の滴下速度で反応器に滴下することである。スルホン酸系単量体(B)を2段階の滴下速度で反応器に滴下することで、より組成の均一な共重合体を作製することが可能となる。特に好ましくは、スルホン酸系単量体(B)の使用量100質量%に対して、10~90質量%を一定速度で滴下(1段目)をした後、残りのスルホン酸系単量体(B)を、滴下速度を下げたうえで、一定速度で滴下(2段目)を行うことである。2段目の滴下速度は、1段目の滴下速度100%に対して、20~70%であることが好ましく、より好ましくは30~60%である。
pH調整剤としては、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム等のアルカリ金属の水酸化物、水酸化カルシウム、水酸化マグネシウム等のアルカリ土類金属の水酸化物、アンモニア、モノエタノールアミン、トリエタノールアミン等の有機アミン塩等が挙げられる。これらは1種単独で用いてもよいし、2種以上を併用してもよい。これらの中で、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム等のアルカリ金属の水酸化物が好ましく、水酸化ナトリウムが特に好ましい。中和度は、重合中の酸基に対して0~75mol%が好ましい。
上記熟成工程における熟成時間は特に制限されないが、10分~5時間であることが好ましい。より好ましくは15分~3時間である。
本発明の(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体含有組成物は、凝固剤、凝集剤、印刷インク、接着剤、土壌調整(改質)剤、難燃剤、スキンケア剤、ヘアケア剤、シャンプー・ヘアースプレー・石鹸・化粧品用添加剤、アニオン交換樹脂、繊維・写真用フィルムの染料媒染剤や助剤、製紙における顔料展着剤、紙力増強剤、乳化剤、防腐剤、織物・紙の柔軟剤、潤滑油の添加剤、水処理剤、繊維処理剤、分散剤、洗剤用添加剤、スケール防止剤(スケール抑制剤)、金属イオン封止剤、増粘剤、各種バインダー、乳化剤等として用いることができる。
本発明の(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体含有組成物は、水処理剤用途に用いられることが好ましい。(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体含有組成物を水処理剤として使用する方法もまた本発明の1つである。
本発明はまた、(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体含有組成物を含む水処理剤でもある。
上記水処理剤には、必要に応じて、他の配合剤として、重合リン酸塩、ホスホン酸塩、防食剤、スライムコントロール剤、キレート剤、pH調整剤を用いてもよい。
上記水処理剤は、冷却水循環系、ボイラー水循環系、海水淡水化装置、パルプ蒸解釜、黒液濃縮釜等でのスケール防止に有用である。また、性能、効果に影響しない範囲で、任意の適切な水溶性重合体を含んでもよい。
本発明の(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体含有組成物は、洗剤又は洗浄剤用途に用いられることができる。上記(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体含有組成物を洗剤又は洗浄剤として使用する方法もまた本発明の1つである。
本発明は、上記(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体含有組成物を含む洗剤又は洗浄剤でもある。
上記(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体含有組成物は、洗剤ビルダー等の洗剤添加剤として衣料用、食器用、住居用、毛髪用、身体用、歯磨き用及び自動車用など、様々な用途の洗剤に添加されて使用されうる。
上記洗剤組成物は、(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体の割合が、組成物100質量%に対して、0.1~40質量%であることが好ましい。より好ましくは0.3~30質量%であり、更に好ましくは0.5~20質量%である。
本発明の(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体含有組成物以外の洗剤添加剤としては、界面活性剤や通常洗剤に用いられる添加剤であれば特に制限されず、洗剤分野において従来公知の知見が適宜参照されうる。
また、上記洗剤組成物は、粉末洗剤組成物であってもよいし、液体洗剤組成物であってもよい。
共重合体の重量平均分子量および数平均分子量の測定は、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィーを用い、以下の条件で測定した。
装置:東ソー株式会社製HLC-8320GPC
検出器:RI
カラム:昭和電工株式会社製 Shodex Asahipak GF-1G,GF-710-HQ,GF-310-HQをサンプルの入り口からこの順に連結
カラム温度:40℃
流速:0.5ml/min
較正曲線作成用標準物質:American Polymer Standards社製ポリアクリル酸ナトリウム(ピークトップ分子量(Mp)=900~589,700間で7種)、プロピオン酸ナトリウム(Mp=94)
較正曲線:上記標準物質のMp値と溶出時間とを基礎にした3次式
溶離液:0.1N酢酸ナトリウム水溶液
重合体中の未反応の単量体量は高速液体クロマトグラフィーを用い、以下の条件で測定した。
液体クロマトグラフィー測定条件
装置:Waters社製 Alliance e2695 Separations Module
検出器:Waters社製 Photodiode Array Detector 2998、UV波長200nm
カラム:昭和電工株式会社製 Shodex RSpak DE-413L
カラム温度:40℃
流速:1.0ml/min
検量線:各単量体を用いて作成
溶離液:0.1%リン酸水溶液
得られた共重合体中に含まれる各単量体由来の構造単位の割合の分析値は、未反応の単量体量の測定に基づき、重合反応で消費された単量体がすべて共重合体に転化したものとして算出した。
120℃に加熱したオーブンで共重合体(共重合体組成物1.2gに水2.0gを加えたもの)を2時間放置して乾燥処理した。乾燥前後の質量変化から、固形分(%)と、揮発成分(%)を算出した。
共重合体組成物のpHは、下記条件にて測定した。
装置:HORIBA製pH METER D-52
電極:ガラス電極
温度:25℃
共重合体に組み込まれていない硫黄原子含有無機成分の硫黄原子換算濃度Sは、下記条件で、イオンクロマトグラフィーを用いて定量した硫酸イオン濃度(a)、亜硫酸イオン濃度(b)に基づき、以下の計算式にて算出した。
S=a×(32.1/96.1)+b×(32.1/80.1)
イオンクロマトグラフィー測定条件
装置:東ソー株式会社製IC-2010
検出器:伝導度検出器
カラム:昭和電工株式会社製 Shodex IC SI-90G、SI-90 4Eをサンプルの入り口からこの順に連結
カラム温度:25℃
流速:1.2ml/min
標品:硫酸ナトリウム、亜硫酸ナトリウム
溶離液:1mM炭酸ナトリウム+4mM炭酸水素ナトリウム+5%アセトン溶液
ホウ酸緩衝液(ホウ酸(ナトリウム)濃度50mM、塩化ナトリウム濃度8.3mM、pH=8.6)、塩化カルシウム水溶液(カルシウム硬度(炭酸カルシウム換算、以下同様)=2500mgCaCO3/L)、リン酸緩衝液(リン酸水素二ナトリウム水溶液、リン酸イオン濃度100mg/L)を、市販試薬と脱イオン水を用いて調整した。また実施例・比較例で得られた各(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体含有組成物を脱イオン水で希釈し、固形分濃度100mg/Lの組成物溶液を調整した。
225mLの蓋付ガラス容器に、脱イオン水、ホウ酸緩衝液10.0g、塩化カルシウム水溶液20.0g、組成物溶液12.0g、リン酸緩衝液9.0gをこの順に添加し、pH=8.6、組成物濃度が固形分換算で12mg/L、カルシウム硬度=500mgCaCO3/L、リン酸イオン=9mgPO43-/Lの試験液100mLを調製した。またブランクとして、組成物溶液の代わりに脱イオン水を加えたブランク試験液を調整した。
試験液を密封し、60℃のウォーターバスで24時間加温後、試験液を孔径0.45μmの濾紙で濾過し、濾液中の残留リン酸イオン濃度を分析した。
下記式(2)によって、リン酸カルシウムスケール抑制率を求めた。
リン酸カルシウムスケール抑制率(%)=100×(R-Q)/(P-Q) (2)
P:試験開始時(仕込み)の試験液中のリン酸イオン濃度(mg/L)
Q:ブランク(共重合体未添加)の残留リン酸イオン濃度(mg/L)
R:残留リン酸イオン濃度(mg/L)
容量100ccのビーカーに、0.001mol/Lの塩化カルシウム水溶液50gを採取し、共重合体を固形分換算で10mg添加した。次に、この水溶液のpHを希水酸化ナトリウムで9~11に調整した。その後、撹拌下、カルシウムイオン電極安定剤として、4mol/Lの塩化カリウム水溶液1mlを添加した。
イオンアナライザー(EA920型,オリオン社製)及びカルシウムイオン電極(93-20型,オリオン社製)を用いて、遊離のカルシウムイオンを測定し、共重合体1g当たり、炭酸カルシウム換算で何mgのカルシウムイオンがキレートされたか(キレート能の1種であるカルシウムイオン捕捉能)を計算で求めた。カルシウムイオン捕捉能の単位は「mgCaCO3/g」である。
10ccスクリュー管に重合体水溶液5gを入れて5度に調温後、硫酸ナトリウムの粉体を耳かき先端量添加した。5度で24時間静置後の芒硝析出量を目視で観察し、全液量に対する析出体積から、低温安定性を以下の基準で判定した。
析出体積0~40%:○(非常に良好)
析出体積41~70%:△(良好)
析出体積71~100%:×(悪い)
撹拌機、還流冷却管、温度計を備えた容量2.5LのSUS製セパラブルフラスコに、純水296.3gを予め仕込み、攪拌下、沸点まで昇温した。次いで、撹拌下、沸点還流状態の系中に、80%アクリル酸水溶液(以下80%AAと略す)496.5g、40%3-アリルオキシ-2-ヒドロキシ-1-プロパンスルホン酸ナトリウム水溶液(以下40%HAPSと略す)660g、45%次亜リン酸ナトリウム水溶液(以下45%SHPと略す)26.9g、15%過硫酸ナトリウム水溶液(以下15%NaPSと略す)179.4g、をそれぞれ別々に滴下した。滴下時間は、80%AAを180分間、40%HAPSを140分間、45%SHPを180分間、15%NaPSを200分間滴下した。40%HAPSは220gを0-30分に一定の滴下速度で連続的に滴下し、残り440gを30-140分に一定の滴下速度で連続的に滴下した。15%NaPSは85.2gを0-130分に一定の滴下速度で連続的に滴下し、残り94.2gを130-200分に一定の滴下速度で連続的に滴下した。80%AAと45%SHPはそれぞれの滴下時間の間、滴下速度は一定とし、連続的に滴下した。全ての滴下終了後、さらに30分間にわたって沸点還流状態を維持して重合を完結させ、固形分濃度が45.9%、pHが3.4の重合体(1)の水溶液を得た。
初期仕込みの純水を231.2gに、80%AA407.9gに、40%HAPSを780gに、45%SHPを42.4gに、15%NaPSを159gに、40%HAPS260gの滴下を0-30分に、残りの40%HAPS520gの滴下を30-140分に、15%NaPS75.5gの滴下を0-130分に、残りの15%NaPS83.5gの滴下を130-200分に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様の手法で反応を行い、固形分濃度が46.2%、pHが3.6の重合体(2)の水溶液を得た。
初期仕込みの純水を247.6gに、80%AAを430gに、40%HAPSを734.4gに、45%SHPを24.5gに、15%NaPSを163.4gに、40%HAPS326.4gの滴下を0-30分に、残りの40%HAPS408gの滴下を30-155分に、15%NaPS77.6gの滴下を0-130分に、残りの15%NaPS85.8gの滴下を130-200分に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様の手法で反応を行い、固形分濃度が46.2%、pHが3.6の重合体(3)の水溶液を得た。
初期仕込みの純水を221.8gに、80%AAを360gに、40%HAPSを614.9gに、45%SHPを11.4gに、15%NaPSを136.8gに、40%HAPSを273.3gの滴下を0-40分に、残りの40%HAPS341.6gの滴下を40-140分に、15%NaPS65gの滴下を0-130分に、残りの15%NaPS71.8gの滴下を130-200分に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様の手法で反応を行い、固形分濃度が45.5%、pHが3.4の重合体(4)の水溶液を得た。
初期仕込みの純水を183.6g、80%AAを324g、40%HAPSを840.8g、45%SHPを45.7g、15%NaPSを120g、40%HAPS420.4gの滴下を0-20分に、残りの40%HAPS420.4gの滴下を20-60分に、15%NaPS72gの滴下を0-130分に、残りの15%NaPS48gの滴下を130-200分に、重合・熟成温度を87度に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様の手法で反応を行い、固形分濃度が46.8%、pHが3.9の重合体(5)の水溶液を得た。
初期仕込みの純水を453.8g、80%AAを636.6g、40%HAPSを312.6g、45%SHPを95.2g、15%NaPSを102.0g、40%HAPS138.9gの滴下を0-30分に、残りの40%HAPS173.7gの滴下を30-140分に、15%NaPS43.6gの滴下を0-130分に、残りの15%NaPS58.4gの滴下を130-200分に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様の手法で反応を行い、固形分濃度が45.7%、pHが2.8の重合体(6)の水溶液を得た。
初期仕込みの純水を427.4g、80%AAを577.2g、40%HAPSを432.0g、45%SHPを67.3g、15%NaPSを96.1g、40%HAPS192.0gの滴下を0-30分に、残りの40%HAPS240.0gの滴下を30-140分に、15%NaPS41.1gの滴下を0-130分に、残りの15%NaPS55.0gの滴下を130-200分に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様の手法で反応を行い、固形分濃度が45.4%、pHが3.1の重合体(7)の水溶液を得た。
初期仕込みの純水を402.5g、80%AAを544.1g、40%HAPSを536.3g、45%SHPを23.4g、15%NaPSを93.7g、40%HAPS238.4gの滴下を0-30分に、残りの40%HAPS297.9gの滴下を30-140分に、15%NaPS40.1gの滴下を0-130分に、残りの15%NaPS53.6gの滴下を130-200分に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様の手法で反応を行い、固形分濃度が45.5%、pHが3.3の重合体(8)の水溶液を得た。
初期仕込みの純水を278.6g、80%AAを405.1g、40%HAPSを817.6g、45%SHPを18.7g、15%NaPSを80.0g、40%HAPS363.4gの滴下を0-30分に、残りの40%HAPS454.2gの滴下を30-140分に、15%NaPS34.2gの滴下を0-130分に、残りの15%NaPS45.8gの滴下を130-200分に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様の手法で反応を行い、固形分濃度が46.2%、pHが3.8の重合体(9)の水溶液を得た。
初期仕込みの純水を324.8g、80%AAを431.5g、40%HAPSを737.0g、45%SHPを57.4g、15%NaPSを49.2g、40%HAPS327.5gの滴下を0-30分に、残りの40%HAPS409.5gの滴下を30-100分に、15%NaPS21.0gの滴下を0-130分に、残りの15%NaPS28.2gの滴下を130-200分に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様の手法で反応を行い、固形分濃度が46.0%、pHが3.7の重合体(10)の水溶液を得た。
特開平6-263803号公報の実施例7に記載の以下の方法で比較重合体(1)を得た。
SUS316製セパラブルフラスコにイオン交換水140gを仕込み、100℃に昇温し、窒素置換後、80%AA470g、37%アクリル酸ナトリウム水溶液189.5g、40%HAPS813g、35%NaPS33.5g及び45%SHP16.7gを各々、別々の滴下口より2時間かけて滴下した。滴下後10分間熟成を行い、固形分濃度が52.7%、pHが4.0の比較重合体(1)の水溶液を得た。
撹拌機、還流冷却管、温度計を備えた容量2.5LのSUS製セパラブルフラスコに、純水498.3gを予め仕込み、攪拌下、沸点まで昇温した。次いで、撹拌下、沸点還流状態の系中に、80%AA654.7g、40%HAPS208.6g、45%SHP136.1g、15%NaPS102.1g、をそれぞれ別々に滴下した。滴下時間は、80%AAを180分間、40%HAPSを140分間、45%SHPを180分間、15%NaPSを200分間滴下した。40%HAPSは41.7gを0-15分に一定の滴下速度で連続的に滴下し、残り166.9gを15-140分に一定の滴下速度で連続的に滴下した。15%NaPSは56.2gを0-130分に一定の滴下速度で連続的に滴下し、残り45.9gを130-200分に一定の滴下速度で連続的に滴下した。80%AAと45%SHPはそれぞれの滴下時間の間、滴下速度は一定とし、連続的に滴下した。全ての滴下終了後、さらに30分間にわたって沸点還流状態を維持して重合を完結させ、固形分濃度が45.1%、pHが2.5の比較重合体(2)の水溶液を得た。
温度計、還流冷却器および攪拌機を備えた容量2.5LのSUS316製のセパラブルフラスコに、純水146.5gと、0.6%モール塩水溶液5.6gとを仕込み、攪拌下、87℃に昇温した(初期仕込み)。次いで攪拌下、87℃一定状態の共重合反応系中に80%AA400.7g、40%HAPS684.3g、15%NaPS228.3g、35%亜硫酸水素ナトリウム水溶液(以下35%SBSと略す)130.5gおよび35%過酸化水素水溶液(以下、35%HPと略す)4.1gをそれぞれ別個の滴下ノズルより滴下した。それぞれの滴下時間は、80%AAを180分間、40%HAPSを140分間、35%SBSを170分間、15%NaPSを200分間、および35%HPを5分間とした。また、滴下開始時間に関しては35%HP以外はすべて同時に滴下を開始した。35%HPは他の原料の滴下開始185分後に一括投入した。40%HAPSは205.3gを0-30分に一定の滴下速度で連続的に滴下し、残り479gを30-140分に一定の滴下速度で連続的に滴下した。15%NaPSは108.4gを0-130分に一定の滴下速度で連続的に滴下し、残り119.9gを130-200分に一定の滴下速度で連続的に滴下した。80%AAと35%SBSはそれぞれの滴下時間の間、滴下速度は一定とし、連続的に滴下した。全ての滴下終了後、さらに60分間にわたって沸点還流状態を維持して重合を完結させ、固形分濃度が46.3%、pHが3.4の比較重合体(3)の水溶液を得た。
純水を239.5gに、80%AAを442.8gに、40%HAPSを670.4gに、15%NaPSを164.0gに、35%SBSを79.1gに、35%HPを4.4gに、40%HAPS167.6gの滴下を0-20分に、残りの40%HAPS502.8gの滴下を20-140分に、15%NaPS77.9gの滴下を0-130分に、残りの15%NaPS86.1gの滴下を130-200分に変更した以外は比較例3と同様にして反応を行い、固形分濃度が45.8%、pHが3.2の比較重合体(4)の水溶液を得た。
初期仕込みの純水を534.3g、80%AAを709.6g、40%HAPSを226.2g、45%SHPを19.4g、15%NaPSを110.7g、40%HAPS100.6gの滴下を0-30分に、残りの40%HAPS125.6gの滴下を30-140分に、15%NaPS47.3gの滴下を0-130分に、残りの15%NaPS63.4gの滴下を130-200分に変更した以外は、比較例2と同様の手法で反応を行い、固形分濃度が45.9%、pHが2.3の比較重合体(5)の水溶液を得た。
純水を206.2gに、80%AAを552.9gに、40%HAPSを413.8gに、15%NaPSを368.2gに、35%SBSを51.0gに、35%HPを2.4gに、40%HAPS124.1gの滴下を0-30分に、残りの40%HAPS289.7gの滴下を30-140分に、15%NaPS157.4gの滴下を0-130分に、残りの15%NaPS210.8gの滴下を130-200分に変更した以外は比較例3と同様にして反応を行い、固形分濃度が45.1%、pHが1.8の比較重合体(6)の水溶液を得た。
Claims (14)
- (メタ)アクリル酸(塩)由来の構造単位(a)とスルホン酸系単量体(B)由来の構造単位(b)とを有する(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体を含む組成物であって、該共重合体は、構造単位(b)の割合が、全構造単位100モル%に対して、5~90モル%であり、重量平均分子量が4,500~18,000であり、該組成物は、共重合体に組み込まれていない硫黄原子含有無機成分の硫黄原子換算濃度が6000ppm以下であることを特徴とする(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体含有組成物。
- 前記共重合体は、構造単位(b)の割合が、全構造単位100モル%に対して、10~90モル%であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体含有組成物。
- 前記共重合体は、重量平均分子量が4,500~17,000であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体含有組成物。
- 前記スルホン酸系単量体(B)は、下記式(1);
で表される単量体であることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体含有組成物。 - 前記共重合体は、リン原子含有基を有することを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体含有組成物。
- 前記共重合体は、次亜リン酸(塩)及び/又は亜リン酸(塩)由来の構造を有することを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体含有組成物。
- 前記組成物は、下記リン酸カルシウムスケール抑制試験におけるスケール抑制率が、40%以上であることを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体含有組成物。
<リン酸カルシウムスケール抑制試験>
共重合体(濃度12mg/L)と、リン酸イオン(9mgPO4 3-/L)とを含み、カルシウム硬度(炭酸カルシウム換算)が500mgCaCO3/Lである試験液を60℃で24時間静置した後の残留リン酸イオン濃度を分析し、下記式により、リン酸カルシウムスケール抑制率を求める。
リン酸カルシウムスケール抑制率(%)=100×(R-Q)/(P-Q)
P:試験開始時(仕込み)の試験液中のリン酸イオン濃度(mg/L)
Q:ブランク(共重合体未添加)の残留リン酸イオン濃度(mg/L)
R:残留リン酸イオン濃度(mg/L)。 - 請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体含有組成物を含むことを特徴とする水処理剤。
- 請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体含有組成物を含むことを特徴とする洗浄剤。
- (メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体を製造する方法であって、
該製造方法は、(メタ)アクリル酸(塩)とスルホン酸系単量体(B)とを含む単量体成分をリン原子含有化合物の存在下で重合させる工程を含み、
該単量体成分中のスルホン単量体酸系単量体(B)の割合が、全単量体成分100モル%に対して、5~90モル%であり、
得られる共重合体の重量平均分子量が4,500~18,000であることを特徴とする(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体の製造方法。 - 前記製造方法は、得られる共重合体の構造単位(b)の割合が、全構造単位100モル%に対して、10~90モル%であることを特徴とする請求項10記載の(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体の製造方法。
- 前記製造方法は、得られる共重合体の重量平均分子量が4,500~17,000であることを特徴とする請求項10又は11に記載の(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体の製造方法。
- 前記重合工程においてスルホン酸系単量体(B)は、連続的に、2段階以上の滴下速度で反応器に滴下されることを特徴とする請求項10~12のいずれかに記載の(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体の製造方法。
- 前記リン原子含有化合物は、次亜リン酸(塩)であることを特徴とする請求項10~13のいずれかに記載の(メタ)アクリル酸系共重合体の製造方法。
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- 2019-03-07 US US16/978,101 patent/US20210009739A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2019-03-07 EP EP19763425.6A patent/EP3763786A4/en not_active Withdrawn
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EP3763786A4 (en) | 2021-12-01 |
EP3763786A1 (en) | 2021-01-13 |
US20210009739A1 (en) | 2021-01-14 |
JPWO2019172365A1 (ja) | 2021-03-11 |
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