WO2019161621A1 - 一种商用车盘式制动钳体总成 - Google Patents

一种商用车盘式制动钳体总成 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019161621A1
WO2019161621A1 PCT/CN2018/085597 CN2018085597W WO2019161621A1 WO 2019161621 A1 WO2019161621 A1 WO 2019161621A1 CN 2018085597 W CN2018085597 W CN 2018085597W WO 2019161621 A1 WO2019161621 A1 WO 2019161621A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sleeve
assembly
caliper body
clutch
main
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/085597
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张中国
彭志军
许崇海
杨传亮
胡大猛
石彬
Original Assignee
山东越成制动系统股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 山东越成制动系统股份有限公司 filed Critical 山东越成制动系统股份有限公司
Priority to EP18900556.4A priority Critical patent/EP3640494A4/en
Priority to US16/345,804 priority patent/US11365775B2/en
Publication of WO2019161621A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019161621A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/38—Slack adjusters
    • F16D65/40—Slack adjusters mechanical
    • F16D65/52—Slack adjusters mechanical self-acting in one direction for adjusting excessive play
    • F16D65/56—Slack adjusters mechanical self-acting in one direction for adjusting excessive play with screw-thread and nut
    • F16D65/567—Slack adjusters mechanical self-acting in one direction for adjusting excessive play with screw-thread and nut for mounting on a disc brake
    • F16D65/568—Slack adjusters mechanical self-acting in one direction for adjusting excessive play with screw-thread and nut for mounting on a disc brake for synchronous adjustment of actuators arranged in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
    • F16D55/22—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
    • F16D55/224—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
    • F16D55/225—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads
    • F16D55/226—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes
    • F16D55/2265—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes the axial movement being guided by one or more pins engaging bores in the brake support or the brake housing
    • F16D55/22655—Constructional details of guide pins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
    • F16D55/22—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
    • F16D55/224—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
    • F16D55/225—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads
    • F16D55/226—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes
    • F16D55/2265—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes the axial movement being guided by one or more pins engaging bores in the brake support or the brake housing
    • F16D55/227—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes the axial movement being guided by one or more pins engaging bores in the brake support or the brake housing by two or more pins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/005—Components of axially engaging brakes not otherwise provided for
    • F16D65/0068—Brake calipers
    • F16D65/0075—Brake calipers assembled from a plurality of parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/005—Components of axially engaging brakes not otherwise provided for
    • F16D65/0081—Brake covers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/005—Components of axially engaging brakes not otherwise provided for
    • F16D65/0087—Brake housing guide members, e.g. caliper pins; Accessories therefor, e.g. dust boots
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/38—Slack adjusters
    • F16D65/40—Slack adjusters mechanical
    • F16D65/52—Slack adjusters mechanical self-acting in one direction for adjusting excessive play
    • F16D65/56—Slack adjusters mechanical self-acting in one direction for adjusting excessive play with screw-thread and nut
    • F16D65/567—Slack adjusters mechanical self-acting in one direction for adjusting excessive play with screw-thread and nut for mounting on a disc brake
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/78—Features relating to cooling
    • F16D65/84—Features relating to cooling for disc brakes
    • F16D65/847—Features relating to cooling for disc brakes with open cooling system, e.g. cooled by air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2250/00—Manufacturing; Assembly
    • F16D2250/0084—Assembly or disassembly

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a commercial vehicle disc brake caliper body assembly, belonging to the technical field of automobile equipment.
  • the existing commercial vehicle disc brake caliper body assembly has the following deficiencies: the dustproof plate is a stamping part, and since this position is a force receiving part, repeated braking impact is easy to make The deformation occurs, resulting in seal failure, serious occurrence of stamping dust plate breakage, etc., there is a hidden danger of braking; the original support seat dust cover sealing effect is not good, can not be effective waterproof and dustproof; from the adjustment mechanism is a spring structure, structure Complex, long-term work will make the spring prone to fatigue and affect the service life; the main regulator assembly adopts one-way bearing with steel ball structure, short service life, high temperature performance failure, and the processing of parts is difficult, braking force will occur during braking Unevenness, gap adjustment failure, adjustment mechanism deformation, brake failure and many other problems.
  • the automatic adjuster in the commercial vehicle disc brake caliper body assembly is the key part of the whole assembly and plays a decisive role.
  • the existing auto brake gap automatic adjuster works as follows: when the brake clearance is too large When the pressure arm is pressed down, the adjustment sleeve is rotated, and the adjustment sleeve drives the self-adjusting rotation shaft under the action of the one-way bearing, and the outer dial block rotates with the self-adjusting rotation shaft under the action of the ball socket, the steel ball and the spring, and the outer dial link
  • the threaded push rod drives the threaded push rod to rotate, and generates displacement to realize automatic adjustment of the brake gap and achieve the braking effect.
  • the threaded push rod cannot generate displacement, thereby self-adjusting
  • the steel ball between the rotating shaft and the outer block blocks the torsion force generated by the pressing of the pressure arm by overcoming the pressure applied by the spring to roll between the ball socket and the ball socket, thereby protecting the internal components of the adjuster from being damaged.
  • the brake clearance is too small, it is necessary to adjust the outer shaft by adjusting the mandrel to drive the threaded push rod to rotate to achieve the required brake clearance.
  • the conventional structure adjuster adopts a one-way bearing and a ball and socket structure to realize overload protection by rolling a steel ball between the ball sockets, and the fixed plate assembly is formed by injection molding.
  • the matching size between the one-way bearing and the transfer sleeve is relatively high.
  • the control tolerance is not easy to produce waste parts, and the production cost is increased.
  • the size matching is too small or too large, which may result in a single If the bearing is deformed or detached, there is a hidden danger of the adjustment function; 2. If the machining of the ball and socket does not meet the requirements, it will affect the rolling of the steel ball, and the steel ball may be stuck or abnormal.
  • the fixed plate is injection molded, in the brake If the internal temperature is too high, deformation or damage may occur. In addition, excessive overload force or excessive braking may cause deformation of the injection molding part, resulting in failure of the adjustment function of the regulator.
  • the compression spring is placed in the closed outer dial block. The frequent braking causes the temperature to rise, and the heat cannot be dissipated, which causes the spring wire to be thermally deformed and affects the braking adjustment torque.
  • this structural adjuster needs to work every time the brake is applied.
  • the pressure arm needs to be repeatedly moved with the dial sleeve every time, and the movement of the dial sleeve is adjusted, resulting in the gap adjustment or the internal anti-overload function continuously operating to protect
  • the adjustment mechanism is stable.
  • the adjustment brake clearance distance is too large.
  • the rotation angle is 45 degrees, which easily leads to overshoot of the brake clearance and brake. Locked, while the steel ball frequently slips and prevents overload, resulting in reduced life.
  • the present invention provides a commercial vehicle disc brake caliper body assembly.
  • a commercial vehicle disc brake caliper body assembly comprising:
  • a brake bracket is mounted on the outer side of the caliper body, a pin and a first hexagon socket head screw are mounted therein, and a left guide pin member is respectively mounted on one end of the caliper body body and Right guide pin member;
  • the follower adjuster assembly adopts a circlip structure
  • the main adjuster assembly and the follower adjuster assembly are located between the left guide pin member and the right guide pin member, the top of the main adjuster assembly and the top of the driven adjuster assembly are connected by a sprocket chain mechanism, the main adjustment The bottom of the assembly and the bottom of the driven adjuster assembly are connected to the side of the caliper body through the support cover dust cover, and the main adjuster assembly and the driven adjuster assembly are connected by the pressure arm assembly, the pressure A needle roller subassembly is disposed on an outer side of the upper portion of the arm assembly, and a bearing seat assembly is disposed below the pressure arm assembly. The bottom end of the bearing seat assembly is provided with a return spring and the bearing seat assembly passes the first The hexagon socket head cap screw is connected to the caliper body.
  • the left guiding pin member comprises a hexagonal cylindrical head screw connecting the caliper body, and the outer side of the hexagonal cylindrical head screw is sequentially sleeved with a short pin, a short bushing, a support sleeve, a short pin and a brake caliper body.
  • the joint of the body is provided with a skeleton oil seal; the height of the short bushing is 25-35 mm, preferably 30 mm.
  • the right guiding pin member comprises a second hexagon socket head cap screw connected to the caliper body, and the second hexagon socket head screw is sleeved with a long guiding sleeve, a long bushing and a second hexagonal cylinder.
  • the top end of the head screw is provided with a long lug cap, and the bottom end of the second hexagon socket head cap screw is provided with a lock ring, and one side of the lock ring is provided with a guide sleeve dust cover.
  • the main adjuster assembly comprises a main adjustment shaft, the end of the main adjustment shaft is sleeved with a reinforcing plate and a fixing plate, and a nylon pad is arranged between the reinforcing plate and the fixing plate, and the main side of the fixing plate
  • the adjusting shaft is provided with a fixed sleeve, a supporting steel ball, a transfer sleeve, a support bearing, a limit sleeve, an adjustment steel ball, a clutch tooth sleeve and an outer sleeve, and the outer side of the limit sleeve is connected with a tension spring, a limit sleeve and a clutch.
  • a thick clutch gasket and a thin clutch gasket are arranged between the tooth sleeves, and a limit plate is arranged at one end of the outer sleeve, and a clutch ring gear matched with the clutch sleeve is disposed inside the outer sleeve, and the clutch ring side is outside
  • the inside of the dial sleeve is provided with a supporting steel ball, a bearing gasket and a compression spring.
  • the inner tail block is connected to the end of the main adjustment shaft and the inner dial block supports the compression spring.
  • the fixing plate is a metal plate, and one end of the fixing plate is provided with a hook-shaped bending;
  • the fixing sleeve is provided with a guiding fixing frame, and an opening is left and left of the fixing sleeve, and a spherical convex surface is arranged on one side of the fixing sleeve
  • the other side of the fixing sleeve is provided with a fixed sleeve ball socket, the spherical convex surface is matched with the fixing plate and the hook-shaped bending is connected in the opening, and the supporting steel ball is arranged in the fixed sleeve ball socket.
  • the dialing sleeve has a fork structure
  • the center of the dial sleeve is provided with a guiding slot
  • the guiding slot is matched with the fixing sleeve
  • one side of the dialing sleeve is provided with a small ball socket for supporting the supporting steel ball
  • the other side of the dialing sleeve There are a plurality of large ball sockets for placing the steel balls, and the shape of the large ball sockets includes a large arc and a small arc, and the large arc and the small arc are connected by two arcs.
  • the advantage of this design is that the large sleeve of the transfer sleeve is designed into a special structure, which can ensure that the steel ball can have a moving rail surface, ensure the free and smooth rolling of the steel ball, and the middle design guide groove of the transfer sleeve is matched with the fixed sleeve to ensure that the transfer sleeve does not exceed The range is rotated.
  • the upper end surface of the limiting sleeve is matched with the lower end surface of the dial sleeve, and the upper end surface of the limiting sleeve is provided with a first limiting sleeve ball socket for placing the steel ball, and the steel ball is placed by the tension spring after being placed in the first limiting sleeve ball socket
  • the lower end surface of the limiting sleeve is a concave structure and is provided with a second limiting sleeve ball socket for arranging the adjusting steel ball.
  • the tension spring is provided with a fixing hook, the upper part of the tension spring is fixed by the hook, and the lower part of the tension spring is fixed by the hook.
  • the support bearing is made of high temperature resistant high strength plastic material, and adopts an upper and lower dislocation structure.
  • the advantage of this design is that the upper and lower misalignment structure is adopted to facilitate the bearing steel ball just embedded in the bearing housing.
  • the limiting plate has a concave structure, and ten limiting protrusions are arranged in the interior of the limiting plate, and five uniformly limited support protrusions are arranged outside the limiting plate.
  • the advantage of this design is that the limit plate not only has a limit function to prevent axial movement, but also has a limit action of radial movement.
  • the inner portion of the clutch sleeve is matched with the main shaft, and the outer portion of the clutch sleeve is uniformly provided with a clutch sleeve, the upper end surface of the clutch sleeve is a flat surface, and the lower end surface of the clutch sleeve is evenly provided with a rolling rack;
  • the upper end surface of the clutch ring gear is uniformly provided with a rolling rack, the upper end surface of the clutch ring gear is matched with the lower end surface of the clutch gear sleeve, and the lower end surface of the clutch ring gear is provided with a clutch ring ball socket, and a supporting steel ball is placed in the ball socket of the clutch ring gear.
  • the clutch ring is evenly distributed with a limited groove inside, and the outer ring of the clutch ring gear is evenly distributed with the limit seat and the outer sleeve.
  • the outer sleeve is a cylindrical sleeve, and the sleeve is formed by crimping and inserting a flat body.
  • the two sides of the plane body are alternately provided with a bump and a slot, and the upper part of the sleeve is provided with a plurality of The sunroof opening, the sleeve is further provided with an observation hole and a limit strip is arranged in the middle of the observation hole, and the inner wall of the lower part of the sleeve is provided with five convex ribs, and the outer wall of the sleeve is provided with convex teeth, and the bottom of the sleeve is installed
  • the position of the compression spring is provided with a vent and a limit port.
  • the advantage of this design is that the vents and limit ports facilitate spring heat dissipation and internal block movement and limit.
  • the inner dial block has an irregular prismatic structure at both ends, and the inner dial block is installed at the bottom of the outer dial sleeve for limiting and supporting the compression spring.
  • the end of the main adjustment shaft is connected with a driving sprocket
  • the top end of the driven adjuster assembly is provided with a driven sprocket
  • the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket are connected by a chain transmission
  • the driven adjustment A plastic dust cover is disposed at a joint of the assembly and the caliper body, and a seal is disposed at a connection between the plastic dust cover and the driven adjuster assembly, and a torque protector is disposed at a top end of the main adjustment shaft Plastic cover.
  • a bottom cover is disposed at a connection between the caliper body and the dust cover of the support seat, and a shaft seal is disposed at a connection between the bottom cover and the dust cover of the support seat, and the bottom cover and the caliper body pass the fourth Root bolt connection.
  • one side of the caliper body is provided with a venting hole, and an end of the venting hole is provided with a dustproof net, and an outer side of the venting hole is provided with a card.
  • the support seat dust cover is a self-locking spring piece skeleton structure.
  • the left guide pin member adopts a structure in which the support sleeve and the pin are matched, and the height of the short bush is lengthened from 20 mm to 30 mm.
  • the sliding stroke of the short pin is increased.
  • the short bushing wear resistance and better guiding property are increased;
  • the right guide pin member cancels the sheath bearing with rubber structure, and is also composed of a copper bushing with an oil groove structure, and the end is provided with a waterproof and dustproof cap. It not only solves the problem that the rubber parts are easily deformed by high temperature, but also improves the wear resistance and stability of the pin.
  • the pin sleeve of the lower part of the guide pin is originally a rubber piece with a skeleton.
  • the rubber part has a skeleton at one end, and the other end is fixed by a pin sleeve lock ring and a pin. This structure is not only easy to damage the rubber piece, but also the pin sleeve.
  • the present invention designs a skeleton oil seal of a whole structure, completely replacing the pin sleeve and the pin sleeve lock ring with the integral skeleton oil seal, and canceling the column after installing the skeleton oil seal
  • the pin sleeve and the pin sleeve lock ring are simpler in structure and easy to install.
  • the function is the same as that of the column pin sleeve.
  • the sealing performance is improved.
  • the short pin pin also makes certain dimensional changes in order to match the use of the skeleton oil seal.
  • the rear short pin is easier to machine than the original short pin; the improved skeleton oil seal has better sealing and is more stable with the pin.
  • the waterproof and dustproof function is improved, and the dustproof effect of the pin dust cover is avoided, resulting in poor dustproof effect.
  • the pin pin is affected by dust and impurities in the inner part of the bushing, and is stuck and stuck.
  • the bottom cover used in the brake caliper body assembly of the present invention adopts a thickened overall structure of the casting, that is, the bottom cover is used to replace the dustproof plate to be installed at the original position; the bottom cover is a casting part, and the thickness is high and the height is high.
  • the sealing glue can be applied to make the sealing effect better, and because the strength and hardness of the bottom cover are higher, only four bolts can be used to fix the tightening, and half of the bolts are less than the dustproof plate. The difficulty in processing the caliper body and some unnecessary processes are reduced.
  • the main adjustment mechanism of the gear clutch anti-overload function is adopted, and the main regulator assembly is changed from the main adjustment of the original one-way bearing structure to the main adjustment of the gear clutch structure, and the adjuster of the structure is adopted.
  • the combination of fixed plate, fixed sleeve, dial sleeve and limit sleeve forms the main adjustment component, and the gap adjustment is realized by the rolling of the steel ball.
  • the limit sleeve, the clutch sleeve, the clutch ring gear, the outer sleeve and the clutch gasket are used.
  • the bearing gasket and the inner dial block form a sub-modulation assembly, and the anti-overload function is realized by the steel ball slip of the clutch ring gear.
  • the main adjuster assembly cancels the one-way bearing of the original adjustment mechanism, and the injection molding fixed plate is eliminated.
  • the outer dial sleeve not only sets the adjustment observation hole, but also adopts the stamping and locking structure, which increases the heat dissipation window, which not only effectively improves the adjustment flexibility, And the unique ventilation function greatly improves the life of the adjustment mechanism.
  • the coordination and working stability of the internal parts are strengthened, and the problems of uneven braking force, gap adjustment failure, adjustment mechanism deformation, and brake failure occurring during the braking process are overcome, and the brakes are greatly improved in the brakes. Safety, stability and longevity.
  • the driven adjuster assembly of the present invention completely eliminates the spring from the original spring structure, and is changed into a circlip structure.
  • the circlip structure has a simple adjustment structure and a long service life, especially for ensuring the stability of the self-adjusting fixed plate.
  • the high-strength retaining ring lock structure is adopted on the self-adjusting rotating shaft, so that the self-adjusting fixing plate is firmly fixed at a predetermined position, and does not slip or fall off.
  • the support seat dust cover of the invention adopts a unique self-locking skeleton structure, which changes the original simple internal hole skeleton structure, and the structure is not only has sufficient strength by the strength and elasticity design of the skeleton, Moreover, it has the set elasticity, and the rubber piece is used for vulcanization treatment outside the spring piece type skeleton, which not only has the function of dustproof and waterproof, but it is also important that the self-locking spring piece can elastically lock the threaded push rod so that the gap is normal.
  • the threaded push rod will not rotate randomly, which effectively ensures that the threaded push rod is securely secured in the reference seat without displacement, thereby ensuring that the brake gap is normally stable and does not cause continuous locking and towing. problem.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged view of a portion A of Figure 1 of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of a bottom cover of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the bottom cover of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of the dust cover of the support seat of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of a support sleeve of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of a skeleton oil seal of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of a vent hole of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall structure of the main adjuster assembly of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a front elevational view showing the fixing sleeve of the main adjuster assembly of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the fixing sleeve of the main adjuster assembly of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic rear view of the fixing sleeve of the main adjuster assembly of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a front elevational view of the dial sleeve of the main adjuster assembly of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the dial of the main adjuster assembly of the present invention.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic rear view of the dial sleeve of the main adjuster assembly of the present invention.
  • Figure 16 is a front elevational view of the limit sleeve of the main adjuster assembly of the present invention.
  • Figure 17 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the limit sleeve of the main adjuster assembly of the present invention.
  • Figure 18 is a schematic rear view of the limit sleeve of the main adjuster assembly of the present invention.
  • Figure 19 is a front elevational view of the clutch sleeve of the main adjuster assembly of the present invention.
  • Figure 20 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the clutch sleeve of the main adjuster assembly of the present invention.
  • Figure 21 is a schematic rear view of the clutch sleeve of the main adjuster assembly of the present invention.
  • Figure 22 is a front elevational view of the clutch ring gear of the main adjuster assembly of the present invention.
  • Figure 23 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the clutch ring gear of the main adjuster assembly of the present invention.
  • Figure 24 is a schematic rear view of the clutch ring of the main adjuster assembly of the present invention.
  • Figure 25 is a cross-sectional view of the outer dial of the main adjuster assembly of the present invention.
  • Figure 26 is a first side view of the outer sleeve of the main adjuster assembly of the present invention.
  • Figure 27 is a second side view of the outer sleeve of the main adjuster assembly of the present invention.
  • Figure 28 is a development view of the outer dial of the main adjuster assembly of the present invention.
  • Figure 29 is a front elevational view of the inner dial of the main adjuster assembly of the present invention.
  • Figure 30 is a schematic rear view of the inner dial of the main adjuster assembly of the present invention.
  • Figure 31 is a cross-sectional view of the inner block of the main adjuster assembly of the present invention.
  • Main adjuster assembly 91, main adjustment shaft; 92, reinforcing plate; 93, nylon block; 94, fixed plate; 95, fixed sleeve; 951, fixed sleeve ball socket; 96, supporting steel ball; 97, transfer Set; 971, transfer set small ball nest; 972, dial; 973, transfer set large ball socket; 98, support bearing; 99, tension spring; 910, limit sleeve; 9101, first limit sleeve ball socket; Second limit sleeve ball socket; 911, adjustment steel ball; 912, thick clutch gasket; 913, thin clutch gasket; 914, limit plate; 915, clutch sleeve; 9151, clutch gear sleeve; Clutch ring gear; 9161, clutch ring ball socket; 917, bearing gasket; 918, compression spring; 919, outer sleeve; 9191, rib; 9192, bump; 9193, slot; 920, inner dial;
  • the embodiment provides a commercial vehicle disc brake caliper body assembly, and the disc brake caliper assembly mainly includes the following parts:
  • the caliper body 12 is mounted on the outer side of the caliper body 12 with a brake bracket 13 , a pin 14 and a first hexagon socket head screw 26 mounted therein, and the ends of the caliper body 12 are respectively mounted.
  • the main regulator assembly 9 adopts a brake gap adjuster structure of the gear clutch anti-overload function
  • the follower adjuster assembly 2 adopts a circlip structure
  • the main adjuster assembly 9 and the follower adjuster assembly 2 are located between the left guide pin member and the right guide pin member, the top of the main adjuster assembly 9 and the top of the follower adjuster assembly 2 pass the sprocket chain mechanism
  • the bottom of the main adjuster assembly 9 and the bottom of the follower adjuster assembly 2 are connected to the side of the caliper body 12 via the support seat dust cover 10, the main adjuster assembly 9 and the follower adjuster assembly 2
  • Between the pressure arm assembly 1 and the upper portion of the upper portion of the pressure arm assembly 1 is provided with a needle roller assembly 22, under the pressure arm assembly 1 is provided with a bearing seat assembly 23, the bearing seat assembly 23
  • the bottom end is provided with a return spring 24 and the bearing seat assembly 23 is coupled to the caliper body by a first hexagon socket head cap screw 26.
  • the pin 14 is used to connect the pressure plate on the two friction plates to the caliper body 12.
  • the left guide pin member includes a hexagonal cylinder head screw 15 that is coupled to the caliper body 12, and the outer portion of the upper portion of the hexagonal cylinder head screw 15 is sleeved with the short pin 5, the short pin. 5
  • the outer side of the upper sleeve is sleeved with a short bushing 4 having a height of 25 mm, and the outer side of the upper portion of the short bushing 4 is sleeved with the support sleeve 3, and the outer side of the middle portion of the short stud pin 5 is located at the joint of the short stud pin 5 and the caliper body 12
  • a skeleton oil seal 6 is provided. As shown in Fig. 7, the skeleton oil seal 6 is a unitary structure, and the integral skeleton oil seal 6 completely replaces the conventional pin sleeve and the pin sleeve lock ring.
  • the right guide pin member includes a second hexagon socket head cap screw 28 that connects the caliper body body 12.
  • the top end of the second hexagon socket head cap screw 28 is mounted with a long lug cap 29, the upper portion of the second hexagon socket head cap screw 28
  • the outer sleeve is sleeved with a long guide sleeve 30.
  • the outer side of the long guide sleeve 30 is provided with a long bushing 31.
  • the bottom end of the second hexagon socket head cap screw 28 is provided with a lock ring 32, and one side of the lock ring 32 is provided with a guide sleeve. Dust cover 33.
  • the main adjuster assembly 9 and the follower adjuster assembly 2 are located between the left guide pin member and the right guide pin member, wherein the main adjuster assembly is adjacent to the left guide pin member, and the follower adjuster assembly is adjacent to the right guide pin member, the main The adjuster assembly 9 and the follower adjuster assembly 2 are respectively inserted into the threaded push rods on the left and right sides for torque transmission; the upper portion of the main adjuster assembly 9 is connected to the upper portion of the driven adjuster assembly 2 through the pressure arm assembly 1 a needle roller subassembly 22 is disposed on an outer side of the upper portion of the pressure arm assembly 1.
  • a bearing seat assembly 23 is disposed below the pressure arm assembly 1, and a return spring 24 is disposed at a bottom end of the bearing seat assembly 23,
  • the bottom of the main adjuster assembly 9 and the bottom of the driven adjuster assembly 2 and the caliper body 12 are connected by a support seat dust cover 10, the caliper body 12 and the support seat dust cover 10
  • a bottom cover 11 is disposed at the joint, and a shaft seal 25 is disposed at a joint of the bottom cover 11 and the support cover dust cover 10.
  • the bottom end of the threaded push rod is directly embedded in the groove of the bottom cover 11, and the bearing seat assembly 23 Connected to the caliper body 12 by a first hexagon socket head cap screw 26, the first hexagonal circle One side of the stud head screw 26 is provided inside the caliper body 12 with a brake lining compression spring 27.
  • the structure of the support cover dust cover 10 is as shown in FIG. 5, and the structure of the bottom cover 11 is as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the main adjuster assembly 9 is a main adjustment of the ball-type structure, including a main adjustment assembly, a sub-modulation assembly and a panel assembly.
  • the main adjustment assembly can adjust the brake gap insufficiently to achieve the braking effect, and eliminate the pressure arm depression from the adjustment assembly. The resulting torsional force to protect the internal components of the adjuster from damage.
  • the main adjustment component comprises a fixing sleeve 95, a supporting steel ball 96, a dialing sleeve 97, a supporting bearing 98, a tension spring 99, a limiting sleeve 910, an adjusting steel ball 911, a clutch gear sleeve 915, a clutch ring gear 916 and an outer dial sleeve 919;
  • the adjustment assembly includes a main adjustment shaft 91, a compression spring 918 and an inner block 920;
  • the panel assembly includes a reinforcement plate 92, a nylon spacer 93, a fixing plate 94, a thick clutch spacer 912, a thin clutch spacer 913, and a limit plate 914.
  • bearing washer 917 bearing washer 917.
  • the main adjustment shaft 91 is sleeved with a reinforcing plate 92 and a fixing plate 94 near the end, and a nylon spacer 93 is disposed between the reinforcing plate 92 and the fixing plate 94.
  • the fixing plate 94 is a fixed plate with a pure metal stamping and no rubber member. One end of the fixing plate 94 is provided with a hook-shaped bending.
  • the side of the fixing plate 94 is provided with a fixing sleeve 95.
  • the fixing sleeve 95 is provided with a guiding fixing frame, and the fixing sleeve 95 is provided.
  • the fixing sleeve 95 is provided with a spherical convex surface on one side, and the other side of the fixing sleeve 95 is provided with a fixed sleeve ball socket 951.
  • the spherical convex surface cooperates with the fixing plate 94 and is hook-shapedly bent and connected in the opening.
  • the supporting steel ball 96 is arranged in the fixed sleeve ball socket 951, and the adjusting sleeve 97 is connected by the supporting steel ball 96.
  • the diameter of the supporting steel ball 96 is 4 mm, which can slide freely in the fixed sleeve ball socket 951, the adjusting sleeve 97 and the fixing
  • the opposite side of the sleeve 95 is provided with a small sleeve 971 for supporting the installation activity of the steel ball 96
  • the fixed sleeve ball socket 951 and the small sleeve 971 of the dial sleeve are mounted with a support steel ball 96
  • the center of the dial sleeve 97 is provided with a guide.
  • the slot and the guiding slot are coupled with the fixing sleeve 95.
  • the other side of the dial sleeve 97 is provided with a dial 972 for the pressure arm fork mounting and a large sleeve 973 for the movable mounting of the steel ball, and the large sleeve 973 of the dial sleeve Shapes include large arcs and small arcs, large arcs and small
  • the arc is connected by two arcs, and the large ball socket of the transfer sleeve is designed into a special structure, which can ensure that the steel ball can have a moving rail surface, and the steel ball can be freely and smoothly rolled.
  • the middle design guide groove of the dial sleeve is matched with the fixed sleeve to ensure the transfer. The set does not rotate beyond the range.
  • the adjusting sleeve 97 is connected to the limiting sleeve 910 through the supporting bearing 98.
  • the supporting bearing 98 is made of high temperature resistant high-strength plastic material, and adopts an upper and lower dislocation structure, so that the bearing steel ball is just embedded in the bearing seat, and the limiting sleeve 910 is close to the adjusting sleeve 97.
  • the bottom end of one side is provided with a first limit sleeve ball socket 9101 for the movable installation adjustment steel ball 911, the first limit sleeve ball socket 9101 and the dial sleeve large ball socket 973 are installed with an adjustment steel ball 911, and the limit sleeve 910
  • a second limit sleeve ball socket 9102 for moving and adjusting the steel ball 911 is disposed on a side away from the dial sleeve 97.
  • the dial sleeve 97, the support bearing 98 and the limit sleeve 910 are sleeved on the fixing sleeve 95, and the limiting sleeve 910 is disposed on the fixing sleeve 95.
  • the upper sleeve is provided with a tension spring 99, and the tension spring 99 is provided with a fixing hook.
  • the upper part of the tension spring 99 is fixed by the hook to the adjustment sleeve 97, and the lower part of the tension spring 99 is fixed to the limit sleeve 910 by the hook, and the limiting sleeve 910 is far away.
  • the inner ring of the support bearing 98 is connected to the clutch sleeve 915 by adjusting the steel ball 911, the diameter of the adjustment steel ball 911 is 5.8 mm, and the clutch gear 915 is close to the limit sleeve 910, and the clutch for the movable mounting adjustment steel ball 911 is opened.
  • the outer sleeve 919 is a cylindrical sleeve, and the sleeve is crimped and inserted by a flat body.
  • the two sides of the plane body are alternately provided with a bump 9192 and a slot 9193, and the upper part of the sleeve is provided with four sunroof openings.
  • the sleeve is further provided with an observation hole and a limiting strip is arranged in the middle of the observation hole.
  • the inner wall of the lower part of the sleeve is provided with five convex ribs 9191, and the outer wall of the sleeve is provided with convex teeth, and the bottom of the sleeve is mounted.
  • the position of the compression spring 918 is provided with a vent and a limit port, and the vent and the limit port are favorable for the heat dissipation of the spring and the movement and limitation of the inner block.
  • the compression spring 918 is an elongated compression spring. By increasing the height of the spring, the spring torque is increased to ensure that the adjustment mechanism is more stable and reliable.
  • the pressure arm When the brake gap is too large, the pressure arm is pressed down, and the dial sleeve 97 is rotated. Under the action of the fixing sleeve 95 and the limiting sleeve 910, the dial sleeve 97 is rotated by a certain angle by adjusting the steel ball 911 and the dial sleeve.
  • the limit of the 973 and the first limit sleeve ball socket 9101 drives the limit sleeve 910 to rotate, and the rotation of the steel ball 911 and the clutch sleeve 915 is adjusted to rotate, and the clutch ring gear 916 is made by the mutual engagement between the teeth.
  • the outer sleeve 919 is rotated, the outer sleeve 919 is rotated and transmitted to the threaded push rod, and the threaded push rod is displaced to realize automatic adjustment of the brake gap insufficiently to achieve the braking effect, and the outer sleeve limit near the end face of the outer sleeve 919
  • the position plate 914 has a concave structure.
  • the limiting plate 914 is provided with ten staggered protrusions which are mutually offset.
  • the limiting plate 914 is provided with five uniform limiting support protrusions and a limiting plate. It not only has the limit function to prevent axial movement, but also has the limit action of radial motion.
  • the clutch sleeve 915 engages the clutch ring gear 916 through the teeth, and the inside of the clutch sleeve 915 cooperates with the main adjustment shaft 91.
  • the clutch sleeve 915 is evenly distributed with the clutch sleeves 9151.
  • the upper end surface of the clutch sleeve 915 is flat and clutched.
  • the lower end surface of the tooth sleeve 915 is evenly provided with a rolling rack; the upper end surface of the clutch ring gear 916 is evenly provided with a rolling rack, the upper end surface of the clutch ring gear 916 is matched with the lower end surface of the clutch sleeve 915, and the lower end surface of the clutch ring gear 916 is provided with clutch teeth.
  • the ball socket 9161, the supporting ball ball 9616 is placed with a supporting steel ball 96, and the clutch ring 916 is evenly distributed with a limited groove.
  • the outer ring gear 916 has a uniform outer seat and an outer sleeve 919.
  • the clutch ring gear 916 is connected to the bearing washer 917 disposed on the main adjustment shaft 91 through a supporting steel ball 96 located in the inner cavity of the outer dial 919.
  • the opposite side of the clutch ring gear 916 and the bearing washer 917 is provided for the movable mounting support.
  • the applied pressure separates the clutch sleeve 915 from the clutch ring gear 916 to eliminate the torsional force generated by the pressure arm pressing to protect the internal components of the adjuster from being damaged.
  • the main shaft 91 is away from the end of the reinforcing plate 92.
  • the inner dial block 920 is fixed by screws, and the inner dial block 920 seals the tail portion of the outer dial sleeve 919.
  • the inner spring block 920 and the bearing washer 917 are provided with a compression spring 918 sleeved on the main adjustment shaft 91, and the outer sleeve
  • the two edges of the 919 are alternately provided with a bump 9192 and a slot 9193.
  • the two sides of the protrusion 9192 and the slot 9193 are mutually plugged to form an integral outer sleeve 919, and the outer wall of the outer sleeve 919 is provided with ribs 9191.
  • Ribs 9191 are circularly distributed, and the outer sleeve 919
  • the outer wall is provided with five convex teeth, the convex teeth are used to push the threaded push rod, two ventilation sunroofs are opened at the spaced convex teeth, and a limit groove is opened in the upper part of the outer pull sleeve 919, and the groove is used for restricting the clutch
  • the axial rotation of the ring gear 916 is designed with a bead for pressing the clutch ring gear 916 at the lower portion of the groove, and an opening is provided around the bead.
  • the main adjustment shaft 91 is adjusted by using a wrench and a torque protector.
  • the main adjustment shaft 91 adjusts the thread push rod through the inner dial 920 to increase the brake clearance, and the brake is braked through the self-adjusting function.
  • the braking gap is satisfied and the braking effect is achieved.
  • the inner block 920 has an irregular prismatic structure at both ends, and the inner block is mounted on the bottom of the outer dial 919 for limiting and supporting the compression spring 918.
  • the whole main adjuster assembly is a maintenance-free adjustment mechanism for the whole riveting structure. After all the adjustment mechanism parts are installed, the rear part of the main adjustment shaft is riveted through the limit position, ensuring that the overall adjustment mechanism is stable and reliable, no falling off problem, maintenance-free The structure avoids the misplacement or repair failure of the adjustment mechanism caused by repeated disassembly and assembly.
  • the end of the main adjustment shaft 91 is connected with a driving sprocket 18, and the driven sprocket (not labeled), the driving sprocket 18 and the driven chain are disposed at the top of the driven self-adjusting rotating shaft of the driven adjuster assembly 2.
  • the wheels are connected by a chain 19, and the outer side of the drive sprocket 18 is also provided with a strip 20 and a plug 21.
  • the driven self-adjusting rotating shaft is connected to the inner wall of the threaded push rod through a snap spring, and the plastic dust cover 7 is provided at the joint of the driven adjuster assembly 2 and the caliper body 12, the plastic dust cover 7 and the driven adjuster
  • the joint of the assembly 2 is provided with a gasket 8, and the tip end of the main shaft 91 is provided with a torque protector 17 and is sealed by a rubber cover 16.
  • the gasket 8 adopts a unique rectangular structure, and the gasket of the original cylindrical shape and rectangular structure is changed, and the caliper body body is more closely and reliably matched, the sealing effect is improved, and the water leakage problem is completely solved.
  • the working principle of the disc brake caliper body assembly is as follows: when the brake gap is too large, the pressure arm is pressed down, and the dial sleeve 97 is driven to rotate, and under the action of the fixing sleeve 95 and the limiting sleeve 910, the dial sleeve is adjusted.
  • the threaded push rod cannot be displaced, so that the outer pull sleeve 919 and the clutch ring gear 916 cannot rotate, and the clutch sleeve is overcome by the pressure applied by the compression spring 918.
  • the 915 is separated from the clutch ring gear 916 to eliminate the torsional force generated by the pressure arm pressing to protect the internal components of the adjuster from being damaged; when the brake clearance is too small, the wrench and the torque protector are used to adjust the main adjustment shaft.
  • the main tone The inner shaft 91 by dialing the adjustment screw block 920 to the push rod, increases brake clearance when the brake by the self-adjusting feature of the brake to meet the clearance requirements, to achieve a braking effect.
  • a commercial vehicle disc brake caliper body assembly having the structure as described in Embodiment 1 is different in that the short bushing 4 has a height of 35 mm. According to the actual processing situation, the maximum height of the short bushing can be selected as 35mm, and the height exceeding 35mm is difficult to meet the matching and installation requirements of the caliper assembly.
  • a commercial vehicle disc brake caliper body assembly having the structure as described in Embodiment 1 is different in that the short bushing 4 has a height of 30 mm.
  • the short bushing with a height of 30mm is not long or short, and the height is just right. It can increase the sliding stroke of the short pin and ensure the wear resistance and better guiding of the short bushing, and is more convenient for machining.
  • a commercial vehicle disc brake caliper body assembly has the structure as described in Embodiment 1, except that the bottom cover and the caliper body are connected by four bolts.
  • the bottom cover is a casting part with high thickness and high strength. Due to the high strength and hardness of the bottom cover, only four bolts need to be tightened when installing. It is less than half of the bolts of the traditional dustproof board, which also reduces the processing. The difficulty of the caliper and some unnecessary procedures.
  • the utility model relates to a commercial vehicle disc brake caliper body assembly, which has the structure as described in Embodiment 1, and is different in that: one side of the caliper body 12 is provided with a vent hole 34, the caliper body 12 and the ventilation A sealing ring is disposed at the joint of the hole 34.
  • the end of the vent hole 34 is provided with a dustproof net.
  • One side of the damper body 12 is provided with a card member on the outer side of the vent hole 34, and the caliper body 12 and the card are provided.
  • the pieces are connected by a rotating shaft and a rotating sleeve, and a section of the rotating shaft is connected with a clamping plate, and one side of the rotating sleeve and the clamping plate are connected by a return spring.

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Abstract

一种商用车盘式制动钳体总成，包括制动钳体本体（12）及安装在制动钳体本体（12）上的左导向销部件、主调整器组件（9）、从动调整器总成（2）和右导向销部件；其中主调整器组件（9）采用齿轮离合器防过载功能的制动间隙调整器结构，从动调整器总成（2）采用卡簧结构；主调整器组件（9）的顶部和从动调整器总成（2）的顶部通过链轮链条机构连接，主调整器组件（9）的底部和从动调整器总成（2）的底部通过支撑座防尘罩（10）与制动钳体本体（12）一侧连接。其装置能够消除调整器各个零部件间存在的安全隐患，提升产品使用寿命和稳定性。

Description

一种商用车盘式制动钳体总成 技术领域
本发明涉及一种商用车盘式制动钳体总成，属于汽车装备技术领域。
背景技术
从目前的技术来说，现有的商用车盘式制动钳体总成，有以下不足之处：防尘板为冲压件，由于此位置为受力部位，反复的制动冲击，容易使其发生变形，导致密封失效，严重情况发生冲压防尘板断裂等情况，存在制动隐患；原支撑座防尘罩密封效果不好，不能够有效防水防尘；从调整机构为弹簧结构，结构复杂，长期工作会使弹簧易出现疲劳影响使用寿命；主调整器总成采用单向轴承配合钢球结构，使用寿命短，高温性能失效，且零件加工难度大、制动过程中会发生制动力不均、间隙调节失效、调整机构变形、制动失效等诸多问题。
商用车盘式制动钳体总成中的自动调整器是整个总成关键的零件，起到了决定性的作用，现有的汽车制动间隙自动调整器的工作原理为：当制动间隙过大时，压力臂下压，带动调拨套转动，调拨套在单向轴承作用下带动自调转轴转动，外拨块在球窝、钢球及弹簧的作用下跟随自调转轴转动，外拨块链接螺纹推杆，带动螺纹推杆转动，产生位移来实现自动调整制动间隙不足，达到制动效果，当制动间隙符合要求时，压力臂下压时，螺纹推杆无法产生位移，从而自调转轴和外拨块之间的钢球，通过克服弹簧的施加压力，在球窝和球窝之间滚动，来消除压力臂下压产生的扭转力，来保护调整器内部零部件不会被损坏；当制动间隙过小时，这就需要通过调整芯轴来调节外拨块，来带动螺纹推杆转动，达到要求的制动间隙。
传统结构的调整器，采用单向轴承，球窝结构，通过钢球在球窝之间滚动来实现过载保护，固定板组件采用注塑方式成型。
但是此类架构的缺陷是：1、单向轴承与调拨套之间的配合尺寸要求较高，控制不好加工公差容易产生废件，增加生产成本，尺寸配合过小或过大，会导致单向轴承变形或脱落，存在调整功能失效隐患；2、球窝转动轨迹若加工不符合要求，则会影响钢球滚动，会出现钢球卡滞或异响；3、固定板注塑成型，在制动器内部温度过高时会产生变形或损伤，另外，承受超负荷力值或制动次数过多会导致注塑部分变形，导致调整器调整功能 失效。4.压缩弹簧放置在密闭的外拨块内，频繁制动导致升温，热量无法散出，导致弹簧钢丝受热变形，影响制动调节力矩。
此结构调整器的弱点是每次制动时，调整机构都需要工作，压力臂每次都需要带着调拨套反复运动，调拨套的运动，导致间隙调整或者内部防过载功能不断操作，以保护调整机构稳定运行；另外，在制动间隙需要调节时，调整制动间隙距离过大，压力臂每拨动调拨套一下，转动角度为45度，很容易导致制动间隙过调，产生制动抱死，同时钢球频繁打滑防过载导致寿命降低。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足，本发明提供一种商用车盘式制动钳体总成。
本发明的技术方案如下：
一种商用车盘式制动钳体总成，包括：
制动钳体本体，制动钳体本体外侧安装有制动支架、内部安装有销轴和第一内六角圆柱头螺钉，制动钳体本体一侧的端部分别安装有左导向销部件和右导向销部件；
主调整器组件，采用齿轮离合器防过载功能的制动间隙调整器结构；
从动调整器总成，采用卡簧结构；
其中，主调整器组件和从动调整器总成位于左导向销部件和右导向销部件之间，主调整器组件的顶部和从动调整器总成的顶部通过链轮链条机构连接，主调整器组件的底部和从动调整器总成的底部通过支撑座防尘罩与制动钳体本体一侧连接，主调整器组件和从动调整器总成之间通过压力臂总成连接，压力臂总成上部的外侧设置有滚针副总成，压力臂总成的下方设置有承力座总成，承力座总成的底端设置有回位弹簧且承力座总成通过第一内六角圆柱头螺钉与制动钳体本体连接。
优选的，所述左导向销部件包括连接制动钳体本体的六角圆柱头螺钉，六角圆柱头螺钉外侧依次套接有短柱销、短衬套、支撑套，短柱销与制动钳体本体的连接处设置有骨架油封；所述短衬套的高度为25-35mm，优选30mm。
优选的，所述右导向销部件包括连接制动钳体本体的第二内六角圆柱头螺钉，第二内六角圆柱头螺钉外侧依次套接有长导向套、长衬套，第二内六角圆柱头螺钉的顶端设置有长支耳盖帽，第二内六角圆柱头螺钉的底端设置有锁圈，锁圈的一侧设置有导向套防尘罩。
优选的，所述主调整器组件包括一主调转轴，主调转轴的端头处套接有加强板和固 定板且加强板和固定板之间设置有尼龙垫块，固定板一侧的主调转轴上依次设置有固定套、支撑钢球、调拨套、支撑轴承、限位套、调整钢球、离合齿套及外拨套，限位套的外侧连接有拉簧，限位套与离合齿套之间设置有厚离合垫片和薄离合垫片，外拨套的一端设置有限位板，外拨套内部设置有与离合齿套相配合的离合齿圈，离合齿圈一侧的外拨套内部依次设置有支撑钢球、轴承垫片、压簧，主调转轴的端尾处连接有内拨块且内拨块支撑压簧。
优选的，所述固定板为金属板，固定板的一端设有钩状折弯；所述固定套带有导向固定架，固定套的左右各留有开口，固定套一面设有球状凸起面，固定套另一面设有固定套球窝，球状凸起面与固定板相配合且钩状折弯连接在开口内，固定套球窝内布置所述的支撑钢球。
优选的，所述调拨套带有拨叉结构，调拨套的中心设有导向槽且导向槽与固定套配合连接，调拨套一面设有安放支撑钢球的调拨套小球窝，调拨套另一面设有多个安放钢珠的调拨套大球窝，调拨套大球窝的形状包括大圆弧和小圆弧，大圆弧和小圆弧通过两段弧线连接。此设计的好处在于，调拨套大球窝设计成特殊结构，可以保障钢珠能够有运动轨面，保障钢珠自由顺畅滚动，调拨套中间设计导向槽与固定套配合连接，可以保证调拨套不会超范围转动。
优选的，所述限位套上端面与调拨套下端面配合，限位套上端面设有安放钢珠的第一限位套球窝，钢珠置于第一限位套球窝后通过拉簧固定，限位套下端面为凹状结构且设有安放所述调整钢球的第二限位套球窝。
优选的，所述拉簧上设有固定用的弯钩，拉簧上部通过弯钩固定调拨套，拉簧下部通过弯钩固定限位套。
优选的，所述支撑轴承由耐高温高强度塑料材质制成，采用上下错位结构。此设计的好处在于，采用上下错位结构，方便轴承钢珠刚好嵌入轴承座中。
优选的，所述限位板为凹状结构，限位板内部设有十个相互错开的限位凸起，限位板外部设有五个均布的限位支撑凸起。此设计的好处在于，限位板不仅具有防止轴向运动的限位功能，而且具备径向运动的限位作用。
优选的，所述离合齿套内部与主调转轴配合，离合齿套外部均布有离合齿套球窝，离合齿套上端面为平面，离合齿套下端面均布有滚动齿条；所述离合齿圈上端面均布有滚动齿条，离合齿圈上端面与离合齿套下端面配合，离合齿圈下端面设有离合齿圈球窝， 离合齿圈球窝内安放有支撑钢球，离合齿圈内部均布有限位槽，离合齿圈外部均布有限位座与外拨套配合限位。
优选的，所述外拨套为一圆柱形套筒，套筒由一平面体卷曲插接而成，平面体的两侧边缘上交替设置有凸块和插槽，套筒上部设有多个天窗开口，套筒上还设有观察孔且观察孔中间设有限位条，套筒下部的内壁上设有五个凸起的肋条，套筒的外壁上设置有凸齿，套筒底部安装所述压簧的位置设有通风口和限位口。此设计的好处在于，通风口和限位口有利于弹簧散热和内拨块运动及限位。
优选的，所述内拨块为两端不规则棱形结构，内拨块安装在外拨套底部，用于限位和支撑压簧。
优选的，所述主调转轴的端头连接有主动链轮，从动调整器总成的顶端设置有从动链轮，主动链轮和从动链轮之间通过链条传动连接，从动调整器总成与制动钳体本体的连接处设置有塑料防尘罩，塑料防尘罩与从动调整器总成的连接处设置有密封垫，主调转轴的顶端设置有力矩保护器并通过胶盖封装。
优选的，所述制动钳体本体与支撑座防尘罩的连接处设置有底盖，底盖与支撑座防尘罩的连接处设置有轴封，底盖与制动钳体本体通过四根螺栓连接。
优选的，所述制动钳体本体的一侧开设有通风孔，通风孔的端部安装有防尘网，通风孔的外侧设置有卡件。
优选的，所述支撑座防尘罩为自锁式弹簧片骨架结构。
本发明的有益效果在于：
1.本发明制动钳体总成中左导向销部件采用支撑套与柱销配合的结构，同时短衬套的高度加长，由20mm改成30mm，通过此结构，增加短柱销的滑动行程，同时增加短衬套的耐磨性和更好的导向性；右导向销部件则取消带橡胶结构的护套轴承，同样由带油槽结构的铜衬套组成，端部安装防水防尘盖帽，不仅解决了橡胶件容易高温变形损伤的问题，而且，提高了柱销耐磨性和稳定性。
2.导向销下部的柱销套原来是带骨架的橡胶件，橡胶件一端带有骨架，另一端采用柱销套锁圈与柱销固定，这种结构不仅橡胶件容易损坏，而且柱销套锁圈与柱销的安装非常麻烦；鉴于上述情况，本发明设计了一种整体结构的骨架油封，使用整体骨架油封完全取代柱销套和柱销套锁圈，安装骨架油封后，取消了柱销套和柱销套锁圈，结构更加简便，容易安装，其功能同柱销套一样，不仅如此，还提高了密封性能；短柱销为了 配合骨架油封的使用也做一定的尺寸改动，改动后的短柱销相比原短柱销也更容易加工；改进后的骨架油封密封性更好，与柱销配合更加稳固。提升了防水防尘功能，也避免了由于柱销防尘罩易损坏，导致防尘效果不好，柱销在衬套内部活动受尘土、杂质的影响，出现卡滞、卡死等现象。
3.本发明制动钳体总成中使用的底盖，采用铸件加厚整体结构，即用底盖取代原位置上需要安装的防尘板；底盖为铸造件，厚度大强度高，安装密封圈后还可以打上密封胶使其密封效果更好，而且由于底盖强度和硬度较高安装时仅需用4根螺栓固定上紧即可，比防尘板要少一半的螺栓，这样也减少了在加工钳体时的难度和一些不必要的工序。
4.本发明主调整器组件中采用齿轮离合器防过载功能的主调整机构，主调整器组件由原来的单向轴承结构的主调改成齿轮离合器结构的主调，此结构的调整器，采用固定板、固定套、调拨套、限位套等零件的组合形成主调组件，通过钢球的滚动实现间隙调节，采用限位套、离合齿套、离合齿圈、外拨套、离合垫片、轴承垫片和内拨块组成从调组件，利用离合齿圈的钢球打滑实现防过载功能。
主调整器组件取消了原来调整机构的单向轴承，取消了注塑固定板，外拨套不仅设置调整观察孔，而且采取冲压锁紧结构，增加了散热天窗口，不仅有效提升了调整灵活性，而且独特的通风功能，使调整机构寿命大大提升。加强了内部零件的配合和工作稳定性，克服了制动过程中会发生的制动力不均、间隙调节失效、调整机构变形、制动失效等诸多问题，应用于制动器中，将大大提升制动器的安全性、稳定性和使用寿命。
5.本发明中的从动调整器总成由原来的弹簧结构彻底取消了弹簧，改成了卡簧结构，卡簧结构从调结构简单，使用寿命较长，尤其为了保证自调固定板稳定，在自调转轴上采用高强度挡圈锁扣结构，使自调固定板牢固地固定在规定位置，且不会滑落或脱落。
6.本发明中支撑座防尘罩采用独特的自锁式骨架结构，改变了原来单纯内孔普通骨架结构，该结构通过对骨架进行强度和弹性设计，圆形的骨架不仅具有足够的强度，而且具有设定的弹性，弹簧片式骨架外再采取橡胶件进行硫化处理，不仅具备防尘防水功能，尤为重要的是，自锁式弹簧片可以将螺纹推杆弹性自锁，这样在间隙正常时，制动器工作，螺纹推杆不会随便发生转动，这样有效使螺纹推杆稳固地保障在基准座内，不发生位移，进而保证制动间隙正常稳定，不会产生持续抱死拖磨等诸多问题。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图；
图2是本发明图1中A部分的放大图；
图3是本发明的底盖的结构示意图；
图4是本发明的底盖的剖视图；
图5是本发明的支撑座防尘罩的结构示意图；
图6是本发明的支撑套的结构示意图；
图7是本发明的骨架油封的结构示意图；
图8是本发明的通风孔的结构示意图；
图9为本发明主调整器组件的整体结构剖视图；
图10为本发明主调整器组件的固定套的正面示意图；
图11为本发明主调整器组件的固定套的横向剖视图；
图12为本发明主调整器组件的固定套的背面示意图；
图13为本发明主调整器组件的调拨套的正面示意图；
图14为本发明主调整器组件的调拨套的横向剖视图；
图15为本发明主调整器组件的调拨套的背面示意图；
图16为本发明主调整器组件的限位套的正面示意图；
图17为本发明主调整器组件的限位套的横向剖视图；
图18为本发明主调整器组件的限位套的背面示意图；
图19为本发明主调整器组件的离合齿套的正面示意图；
图20为本发明主调整器组件的离合齿套的横向剖视图；
图21为本发明主调整器组件的离合齿套的背面示意图；
图22为本发明主调整器组件的离合齿圈的正面示意图；
图23为本发明主调整器组件的离合齿圈的横向剖视图；
图24为本发明主调整器组件的离合齿圈的背面示意图；
图25为本发明主调整器组件的外拨套的剖视图；
图26为本发明主调整器组件的外拨套的端面示意图一；
图27为本发明主调整器组件的外拨套的端面示意图二；
图28为本发明主调整器组件的外拨套的展开图；
图29为本发明主调整器组件的内拨块的正面示意图；
图30为本发明主调整器组件的内拨块的背面示意图；
图31为本发明主调整器组件的内拨块的剖视图。
图中：1、压力臂总成；2、从动调整器总成；3、支撑套；4、短衬套；5、短柱销；6、骨架油封；7、塑料防尘罩；8、密封垫；
9、主调整器组件；91、主调转轴；92、加强板；93、尼龙垫块；94、固定板；95、固定套；951、固定套球窝；96、支撑钢球；97、调拨套；971、调拨套小球窝；972、拨槽；973、调拨套大球窝；98、支撑轴承；99、拉簧；910、限位套；9101、第一限位套球窝；9102、第二限位套球窝；911、调整钢球；912、厚离合垫片；913、薄离合垫片；914、限位板；915、离合齿套；9151、离合齿套球窝；916、离合齿圈；9161、离合齿圈球窝；917、轴承垫片；918、压簧；919、外拨套；9191、肋条；9192、凸块；9193、插槽；920、内拨块；
10、支撑座防尘罩；11、底盖；12、制动钳体本体；13、制动支架；14、销轴；15、六角圆柱头螺钉；16、胶盖；17、力矩保护器；18、主动链轮；19、链条；20、胶条；21、堵塞；22、滚针副总成；23、承力座总成；24、回位弹簧；25、轴封；26、第一内六角圆柱头螺钉；27、制动衬片压簧；28、第二内六角圆柱头螺钉；29、长支耳盖帽；30、长导向套；31、长衬套；32、锁圈；33、导向套防尘罩；34、通风孔。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例并结合附图对本发明做进一步说明，但不限于此。
实施例1：
如图1至图31所示，本实施例提供一种商用车盘式制动钳体总成，该盘式制动钳体总成主要包括以下几个部分：
制动钳体本体12，制动钳体本体12外侧安装有制动支架13、内部安装有销轴14和第一内六角圆柱头螺钉26，制动钳体本体12一侧的端部分别安装有左导向销部件和右导向销部件；
主调整器组件9，采用齿轮离合器防过载功能的制动间隙调整器结构；
从动调整器总成2，采用卡簧结构；
其中，主调整器组件9和从动调整器总成2位于左导向销部件和右导向销部件之间，主调整器组件9的顶部和从动调整器总成2的顶部通过链轮链条机构连接，主调整器组件9的底部和从动调整器总成2的底部通过支撑座防尘罩10与制动钳体本体12一侧连接，主调整器组件9和从动调整器总成2之间通过压力臂总成1连接，压力臂总成1上 部的外侧设置有滚针副总成22，压力臂总成1的下方设置有承力座总成23，承力座总成23的底端设置有回位弹簧24且承力座总成23通过第一内六角圆柱头螺钉26与制动钳体本体连接。销轴14用来将两个摩擦片上的压板与制动钳体本体12连接。
具体而言，左导向销部件包括一六角圆柱头螺钉15，六角圆柱头螺钉15连接在制动钳体本体12上，六角圆柱头螺钉15上部的外侧套接短柱销5，短柱销5上部的外侧套接高度为25mm的短衬套4，短衬套4上部的外侧套接支撑套3，短柱销5中部的外侧位于短柱销5与制动钳体本体12的连接处设置有骨架油封6。如图7所示，骨架油封6为一整体结构，使用整体骨架油封6完全取代了传统方式的柱销套和柱销套锁圈。
右导向销部件包括连接制动钳体本体12的第二内六角圆柱头螺钉28，第二内六角圆柱头螺钉28的顶端安装有长支耳盖帽29，第二内六角圆柱头螺钉28的上部的外侧套接长导向套30，长导向套30的外侧套装有长衬套31，第二内六角圆柱头螺钉28的底端安装有锁圈32，锁圈32的一侧安装有导向套防尘罩33。
主调整器组件9和从动调整器总成2位于左导向销部件和右导向销部件之间，其中主调整器组件靠近左导向销部件，从动调整器总成靠近右导向销部件，主调整器组件9和从动调整器总成2分别插入左右两侧的螺纹推杆内进行扭矩传递；主调整器组件9的上部与从动调整器总成2的上部通过压力臂总成1连接，压力臂总成1上部的外侧设置有滚针副总成22，压力臂总成1的下方设置有承力座总成23，承力座总成23的底端设置有回位弹簧24，主调整器组件9的底部和从动调整器总成2的底部与制动钳体本体12之间均通过支撑座防尘罩10连接，制动钳体本体12与支撑座防尘罩10的连接处设置有底盖11，底盖11与支撑座防尘罩10的连接处设置有轴封25，螺纹推杆的底端直接嵌入在底盖11的凹槽内，承力座总成23与制动钳体本体12之间通过第一内六角圆柱头螺钉26连接，第一内六角圆柱头螺钉26的一侧位于制动钳体本体12的内部设置有制动衬片压簧27。支撑座防尘罩10的结构如图5所示，底盖11的结构如图3和图4所示。
主调整器组件9为滚珠式结构的主调，包括主调组件、从调组件和板块组件，主调组件可以自身调整制动间隙不足，达到制动效果，从调组件来消除压力臂下压所产生的扭转力，来保护调整器内部零部件不会被损坏。主调组件包括固定套95、支撑钢球96、调拨套97、支撑轴承98、拉簧99、限位套910、调整钢球911、离合齿套915、离合齿圈916和外拨套919；从调组件包括主调转轴91、压簧918和内拨块920；板块组件包括加强板92、尼龙垫块93、固定板94、厚离合垫片912、薄离合垫片913、限位板914和 轴承垫片917。
主调转轴91靠近端头处套接有加强板92和固定板94，加强板92和固定板94之间设置尼龙垫块93。固定板94为纯金属冲压不带橡胶件的固定板，固定板94的一端设有钩状折弯，固定板94的侧面设置固定套95，固定套95带有导向固定架，固定套95的左右各留有开口，固定套95一面设有球状凸起面，固定套95另一面设有固定套球窝951，球状凸起面与固定板94相配合且钩状折弯连接在开口内，固定套球窝951内布置所述的支撑钢球96，通过支撑钢球96连接调拨套97，支撑钢球96的直径为4mm，可以在固定套球窝951内自由滑动，调拨套97和固定套95相对的一侧开设有用于支撑钢球96安装活动的调拨套小球窝971，固定套球窝951和调拨套小球窝971上安装支撑钢球96，调拨套97的中心设有导向槽且导向槽与固定套95配合连接，调拨套97的另一侧面开设有用于压力臂拨叉安装的拨槽972和用于活动安装钢珠的调拨套大球窝973，调拨套大球窝973的形状包括大圆弧和小圆弧，大圆弧和小圆弧通过两段弧线连接，将调拨套大球窝设计成特殊结构，可以保障钢珠能够有运动轨面，保障钢珠自由顺畅滚动，调拨套中间设计导向槽与固定套配合连接，可以保证调拨套不会超范围转动。调拨套97通过支撑轴承98连接限位套910，其中支撑轴承98由耐高温高强度塑料材质制成，采用上下错位结构，方便轴承钢珠刚好嵌入轴承座中，限位套910靠近调拨套97的一侧的底端开设有用于活动安装调整钢球911的第一限位套球窝9101，第一限位套球窝9101和调拨套大球窝973内安装调整钢球911，限位套910远离调拨套97的一侧开设有用于活动安装调整钢球911的第二限位套球窝9102，调拨套97、支撑轴承98和限位套910均套在固定套95上，限位套910上套接有拉簧99，拉簧99上设有固定用的弯钩，拉簧99上部通过弯钩固定调拨套97，拉簧99下部通过弯钩固定限位套910，限位套910远离支撑轴承98的内圈通过调整钢球911连接离合齿套915，调整钢球911的直径为5.8mm，离合齿套915靠近限位套910的一侧开设有用于活动安装调整钢球911的离合齿套球窝9151，离合齿套球窝9151和第二限位套球窝9102内安装调整钢球911，离合齿套915和固定套95之间设置厚离合垫片912和薄离合垫片913，离合齿套915上套接有外拨套919。外拨套919为一圆柱形套筒，套筒由一平面体卷曲插接而成，平面体的两侧边缘上交替设置有凸块9192和插槽9193，套筒上部设有四个天窗开口，套筒上还设有观察孔且观察孔中间设有限位条，套筒下部的内壁上设有五个凸起的肋条9191，套筒的外壁上设置有凸齿，套筒底部安装所述压簧918的位置设有通风口和限位口，通风口和限位口有利于弹簧散热和内拨 块运动及限位。压簧918为一种加长型压簧，通过加大弹簧高度，提升弹簧扭力，保障调整机构更加稳定可靠。
当制动间隙过大时，压力臂下压，带动调拨套97转动，在固定套95和限位套910的作用下，调拨套97转动一定的角度通过调整钢球911及调拨套大球窝973和第一限位套球窝9101的限位带动限位套910转动，在通过调整钢球911与离合齿套915的配合使其转动，通过齿牙之间的相互啮合使离合齿圈916带动外拨套919转动，外拨套919转动传递给螺纹推杆，螺纹推杆产生位移来实现自动调整制动间隙不足，达到制动效果，靠近外拨套919的端面处的外围套接限位板914，限位板914为凹状结构，限位板914内部设有十个相互错开的限位凸起，限位板914外部设有五个均布的限位支撑凸起，限位板不仅具有防止轴向运动的限位功能，而且具备径向运动的限位作用。离合齿套915通过齿牙啮合离合齿圈916，离合齿套915内部与主调转轴91配合，离合齿套915外部均布有离合齿套球窝9151，离合齿套915上端面为平面，离合齿套915下端面均布有滚动齿条；离合齿圈916上端面均布有滚动齿条，离合齿圈916上端面与离合齿套915下端面配合，离合齿圈916下端面设有离合齿圈球窝9161，离合齿圈球窝9161内安放有支撑钢球96，离合齿圈916内部均布有限位槽，离合齿圈916外部均布有限位座与外拨套919配合限位。离合齿圈916通过位于外拨套919内腔中的支撑钢球96连接设置在主调转轴91上的轴承垫片917，离合齿圈916和轴承垫片917相对的一面开设有用于活动安装支撑钢球96的离合齿圈球窝9161，当制动间隙符合要求时，压力臂下压时，螺纹推杆无法产生位移，从而外拨套919和离合齿圈916无法转动，通过克服压簧918所施加压力，使离合齿套915与离合齿圈916分离，来消除压力臂下压所产生的扭转力，来保护调整器内部零部件不会被损坏，主调转轴91远离加强板92的一端通过螺丝固定安装内拨块920，内拨块920封住外拨套919的尾部，内拨块920和轴承垫片917之间设置有套在主调转轴91上的压簧918，外拨套919展开的两边缘上交替设置有凸块9192和插槽9193，通过两边的凸块9192和插槽9193相互插接组成一个整体的外拨套919，外拨套919的内壁设有肋条9191，肋条9191呈圆形分布，外拨套919的外壁上设置有五个凸齿，凸齿用来拨动螺纹推杆，在间隔凸齿处开出两个通风天窗，在外拨套919上部开出限位凹槽，凹槽用于限制离合齿圈916的轴向转动，在凹槽下部设计有用于压紧离合齿圈916的压条，压条周边设置有开口。当制动间隙过小时，使用扳手和扭矩保护器来调整主调转轴91，主调转轴91通过内拨块920来调节螺纹推杆，增大制动间隙，制动器制动时， 通过自调功能使制动间隙满足要求，达到制动效果。内拨块920为两端不规则棱形结构，内拨块安装在外拨套919底部，用于限位和支撑压簧918。整个主调整器组件为一整体铆压结构免维护调整机构，所有调整机构零件安装后，通过限位将主调转轴后部进行铆接，保证整体调整机构稳定可靠，不会发生脱落问题，免维护结构，避免了反复拆装导致的调整机构错装或维修失效。
主调转轴91的端头连接有主动链轮18，从动调整器总成2中从动自调转轴的顶端设置有从动链轮(图中未标号)，主动链轮18和从动链轮之间通过链条19传动连接，主动链轮18的外侧还安装有胶条20和堵塞21。从动自调转轴通过卡簧与螺纹推杆内壁连接，从动调整器总成2与制动钳体本体12的连接处设置有塑料防尘罩7，塑料防尘罩7与从动调整器总成2的连接处设置有密封垫8，主调转轴91的顶端设置有力矩保护器17并通过胶盖16封装。其中密封垫8采用独特的矩形结构，改变了由原来的圆柱形状，矩形结构的密封垫，与制动钳体本体配合更加紧密可靠，提升密封效果，彻底解决漏水渗水问题。
本实施例提供的盘式制动钳体总成工作原理：当制动间隙过大时，压力臂下压，带动调拨套97转动，在固定套95和限位套910的作用下，调拨套97转动一定的角度通过调整钢球911及调拨套大球窝973和第一限位套球窝9101的限位带动限位套910转动，再通过调整钢球911与离合齿套915的配合使其转动，通过齿牙之间的相互啮合使离合齿圈916带动外拨套919转动，外拨套919转动传递给螺纹推杆，螺纹推杆产生位移来实现自动调整制动间隙不足，达到制动效果；当制动间隙符合要求时，压力臂下压时，螺纹推杆无法产生位移，从而外拨套919和离合齿圈916无法转动，通过克服压簧918所施加压力，使离合齿套915与离合齿圈916分离，来消除压力臂下压所产生的扭转力，来保护调整器内部零部件不会被损坏；当制动间隙过小时，使用扳手和扭矩保护器来调整主调转轴91，主调转轴91通过内拨块920来调节螺纹推杆，增大制动间隙，制动器制动时，通过自调功能使制动间隙满足要求，达到制动效果。
实施例2：
一种商用车盘式制动钳体总成，结构如实施例1所述，其不同之处在于：短衬套4的高度为35mm。依据实际加工的情况来看，短衬套最高高度可选择35mm，超过35mm的高度很难满足钳体总成的配合、安装要求。
实施例3：
一种商用车盘式制动钳体总成，结构如实施例1所述，其不同之处在于：短衬套4的高度为30mm。采用30mm高度的短衬套，不长不短，高度正合适，既能增加短柱销的滑动行程，又能保证短衬套的耐磨性和更好的导向性，同时更方便机加工。
实施例4：
一种商用车盘式制动钳体总成，结构如实施例1所述，其不同之处在于：底盖与制动钳体本体通过四根螺栓连接。底盖为铸造件，厚度大强度高，由于底盖强度和硬度较高安装时仅需用4根螺栓固定上紧即可，比传统防尘板要少一半的螺栓，这样也减少了在加工钳体时的难度和一些不必要的工序。
实施例5：
一种商用车盘式制动钳体总成，结构如实施例1所述，其不同之处在于：制动钳体本体12的一侧开设有通风孔34，制动钳体本体12与通风孔34的连接处设置有密封圈，通风孔34的端部安装有防尘网，制动钳体本体12的一侧为通风孔34的外侧设置有卡件，制动钳体本体12与卡件之间通过旋转轴和旋转轴套连接，旋转轴的一段连接有卡板，旋转轴套的一侧和卡板之间通过复位弹簧连接。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种商用车盘式制动钳体总成，其特征在于，包括：
    制动钳体本体，制动钳体本体外侧安装有制动支架、内部安装有销轴和第一内六角圆柱头螺钉，制动钳体本体一侧的端部分别安装有左导向销部件和右导向销部件；
    主调整器组件，采用齿轮离合器防过载功能的制动间隙调整器结构；
    从动调整器总成，采用卡簧结构；
    其中，主调整器组件和从动调整器总成位于左导向销部件和右导向销部件之间，主调整器组件的顶部和从动调整器总成的顶部通过链轮链条机构连接，主调整器组件的底部和从动调整器总成的底部通过支撑座防尘罩与制动钳体本体一侧连接，主调整器组件和从动调整器总成之间通过压力臂总成连接，压力臂总成上部的外侧设置有滚针副总成，压力臂总成的下方设置有承力座总成，承力座总成的底端设置有回位弹簧且承力座总成通过第一内六角圆柱头螺钉与制动钳体本体连接。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的商用车盘式制动钳体总成，其特征在于，所述左导向销部件包括连接制动钳体本体的六角圆柱头螺钉，六角圆柱头螺钉外侧依次套接有短柱销、短衬套、支撑套，短柱销与制动钳体本体的连接处设置有骨架油封；所述短衬套的高度为25-35mm，优选30mm。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的商用车盘式制动钳体总成，其特征在于，所述右导向销部件包括连接制动钳体本体的第二内六角圆柱头螺钉，第二内六角圆柱头螺钉外侧依次套接有长导向套、长衬套，第二内六角圆柱头螺钉的顶端设置有长支耳盖帽，第二内六角圆柱头螺钉的底端设置有锁圈，锁圈的一侧设置有导向套防尘罩。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的商用车盘式制动钳体总成，其特征在于，所述主调整器组件包括一主调转轴，主调转轴的端头处套接有加强板和固定板且加强板和固定板之间设置有尼龙垫块，固定板一侧的主调转轴上依次设置有固定套、支撑钢球、调拨套、支撑轴承、限位套、调整钢球、离合齿套及外拨套，限位套的外侧连接有拉簧，限位套与离合齿套之间设置有厚离合垫片和薄离合垫片，外拨套的一端设置有限位板，外拨套内部设置有与离合齿套相配合的离合齿圈，离合齿圈一侧的外拨套内部依次设置有支撑钢球、轴承垫片、压簧，主调转轴的端尾处连接有内拨块且内拨块支撑压簧。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的商用车盘式制动钳体总成，其特征在于，所述固定板为金属 板，固定板的一端设有钩状折弯；所述固定套带有导向固定架，固定套的左右各留有开口，固定套一面设有球状凸起面，固定套另一面设有固定套球窝，球状凸起面与固定板相配合且钩状折弯连接在开口内，固定套球窝内布置所述的支撑钢球；
    所述调拨套带有拨叉结构，调拨套的中心设有导向槽且导向槽与固定套配合连接，调拨套一面设有安放支撑钢球的调拨套小球窝，调拨套另一面设有多个安放钢珠的调拨套大球窝，调拨套大球窝的形状包括大圆弧和小圆弧，大圆弧和小圆弧通过两段弧线连接；
    所述限位套上端面与调拨套下端面配合，限位套上端面设有安放钢珠的第一限位套球窝，钢珠置于第一限位套球窝后通过拉簧固定，限位套下端面为凹状结构且设有安放所述调整钢球的第二限位套球窝；
    所述拉簧上设有固定用的弯钩，拉簧上部通过弯钩固定调拨套，拉簧下部通过弯钩固定限位套。
  6. 如权利要求4所述的商用车盘式制动钳体总成，其特征在于，所述限位板为凹状结构，限位板内部设有十个相互错开的限位凸起，限位板外部设有五个均布的限位支撑凸起；
    所述离合齿套内部与主调转轴配合，离合齿套外部均布有离合齿套球窝，离合齿套上端面为平面，离合齿套下端面均布有滚动齿条；所述离合齿圈上端面均布有滚动齿条，离合齿圈上端面与离合齿套下端面配合，离合齿圈下端面设有离合齿圈球窝，离合齿圈球窝内安放有支撑钢球，离合齿圈内部均布有限位槽，离合齿圈外部均布有限位座与外拨套配合限位；
    所述外拨套为一圆柱形套筒，套筒由一平面体卷曲插接而成，平面体的两侧边缘上交替设置有凸块和插槽，套筒上部设有多个天窗开口，套筒上还设有观察孔且观察孔中间设有限位条，套筒下部的内壁上设有五个凸起的肋条，套筒的外壁上设置有凸齿，套筒底部安装所述压簧的位置设有通风口和限位口；
    所述内拨块为两端不规则棱形结构，内拨块安装在外拨套底部，用于限位和支撑压簧。
  7. 如权利要求4所述的商用车盘式制动钳体总成，其特征在于，所述主调转轴的端头连接有主动链轮，从动调整器总成的顶端设置有从动链轮，主动链轮和从动链轮之间通过链条传动连接，从动调整器总成与制动钳体本体的连接处设置有塑料防尘罩，塑料 防尘罩与从动调整器总成的连接处设置有密封垫，主调转轴的顶端设置有力矩保护器并通过胶盖封装。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的商用车盘式制动钳体总成，其特征在于，所述制动钳体本体与支撑座防尘罩的连接处设置有底盖，底盖与支撑座防尘罩的连接处设置有轴封，底盖与制动钳体本体通过四根螺栓连接。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的商用车盘式制动钳体总成，其特征在于，所述制动钳体本体的一侧开设有通风孔，通风孔的端部安装有防尘网，通风孔的外侧设置有卡件。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的商用车盘式制动钳体总成，其特征在于，所述支撑座防尘罩为自锁式弹簧片骨架结构。
PCT/CN2018/085597 2018-04-12 2018-05-04 一种商用车盘式制动钳体总成 WO2019161621A1 (zh)

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