WO2019150498A1 - Composite d'antenne, structure d'antenne et système de communication - Google Patents

Composite d'antenne, structure d'antenne et système de communication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019150498A1
WO2019150498A1 PCT/JP2018/003246 JP2018003246W WO2019150498A1 WO 2019150498 A1 WO2019150498 A1 WO 2019150498A1 JP 2018003246 W JP2018003246 W JP 2018003246W WO 2019150498 A1 WO2019150498 A1 WO 2019150498A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
radio waves
antenna structure
complex
received
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2018/003246
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
弘樹 萩原
智之 曽我
央 丸山
Original Assignee
日本電業工作株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 日本電業工作株式会社 filed Critical 日本電業工作株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2018/003246 priority Critical patent/WO2019150498A1/fr
Priority to JP2019568485A priority patent/JP6921441B2/ja
Publication of WO2019150498A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019150498A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/007—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas specially adapted for indoor communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P3/00—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type
    • H01P3/02—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type with two longitudinal conductors
    • H01P3/08—Microstrips; Strip lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/08—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H01Q21/26—Turnstile or like antennas comprising arrangements of three or more elongated elements disposed radially and symmetrically in a horizontal plane about a common centre

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an antenna complex, an antenna structure, and a communication system.
  • a radio wave including its own identification information is transmitted by short-range wireless transmission with a preset transmission cycle and transmission output, and a battery-driven radio wave transmitter and a radio wave transmitter are accommodated and transmitted from the radio wave transmitter.
  • a radio wave transmitting device is described that includes a shield that restricts radiation of radio waves to be transmitted in a specific direction and transmits radio waves to a preset region.
  • the portable terminal is moved with the owner, and the radio wave information received from the radio wave transmitter and the azimuth information of the portable terminal are sent to the management server via the network device at predetermined intervals.
  • the control unit of the management server Transmitted and stored in the management server database, and the control unit of the management server generates terminal position data including the plane coordinates of the mobile terminal calculated from the plurality of radio wave information and the direction information, and the terminal position
  • a position information acquisition system is described that calculates a movement trajectory of a mobile terminal from data, calculates a stay time at each point in the movement trajectory, and detects a directivity direction of the mobile terminal at the point. Yes.
  • JP2015-106814A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2015-152483
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an antenna complex having a plurality of antenna structures that have a function of a beacon that unilaterally transmits radio waves and that can transmit and receive data.
  • the invention according to claim 1 includes: a plurality of antenna structures that individually transmit and receive radio waves; and a wiring board that is connected to the plurality of antenna structures and includes data lines for transmitting and receiving data.
  • the antenna structure has a directivity for transmitting / receiving radio waves to / from a predetermined area, transmits / receives data via radio waves transmitted / received by the antenna unit, and transmits data via the data lines. It is an antenna complex provided with the communication control part which transmits / receives.
  • the invention according to claim 2 is the antenna complex according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of antenna structures are arranged in a line.
  • an antenna structure included in at least one of the outside of the array of the plurality of antenna structures and included in another antenna complex provided adjacent thereto, and data via radio waves.
  • the antenna complex according to claim 2 further comprising another antenna structure that performs transmission / reception of.
  • the another antenna structure includes the antenna unit having directivity for transmitting and receiving radio waves to and from the area, and the antenna structure and radio waves included in the other antenna complex.
  • a communication control unit for transmitting and receiving data via the radio wave transmitted and received by the antenna unit and for transmitting and receiving data via the data line and the other antenna unit.
  • the antenna complex according to claim 3 wherein the antenna complex is provided.
  • the invention according to claim 5 is the antenna complex according to claim 4, wherein the antenna part, the other antenna part, and the wiring board have flexibility.
  • the invention according to claim 6 is the antenna complex according to claim 1, wherein the antenna unit includes a plurality of antennas having different peak frequencies of radio waves to be transmitted and received.
  • the invention according to claim 7 is a patch antenna in which the plurality of antennas are configured such that a ground electrode and a discharge electrode face each other, and the areas of the discharge electrodes differ according to the peak frequency.
  • the invention according to claim 8 is characterized in that the other antenna unit includes a plurality of other antennas having different phases of radio waves for transmitting and receiving radio waves having different phases. It is a complex.
  • the invention according to claim 9 is that a plurality of the antenna structure and the wiring board are provided with an adhesive on one of the front surface and the back surface, and a pattern is provided on either the front surface or the back surface.
  • the antenna complex according to claim 1. According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an antenna unit having a plurality of antennas having different peak frequencies of radio waves to be transmitted and received, data transmitted and received via radio waves transmitted and received by the antenna unit, and data to which data is connected It is an antenna structure provided with the communication control part which transmits / receives via a line.
  • the peak frequency of the plurality of antennas included in the antenna unit is set by dividing a frequency band of a radio wave to be transmitted / received into a plurality of frequencies.
  • This is an antenna structure.
  • the plurality of antennas are patch antennas configured such that a ground electrode and a discharge electrode face each other, and the areas of the discharge electrodes differ according to a peak frequency.
  • a wiring board having a data line through which data is transmitted / received, an antenna unit having directivity for transmitting / receiving radio waves to / from a predetermined area, and radio waves transmitted / received by the antenna unit.
  • a communication control unit that transmits and receives data via the data line, and includes a plurality of antenna structures that individually transmit and receive radio waves.
  • the antenna structure propagates data between a plurality of the antenna structures via the communication control unit included in the antenna structure, and the data is transmitted / received to / from a host computer provided outside. It is a communication system.
  • the invention according to claim 14 is characterized in that the plurality of antenna structures are arranged in a line, and data propagation between the antenna structures is performed in a relay manner along the array.
  • Item 14 The communication system according to Item 13.
  • data propagated through a plurality of the antenna structures via the antenna structure provided at one end of the plurality of the antenna structures arranged in a row is the host.
  • the communication system according to claim 14, wherein the communication system is transmitted to and received from a computer.
  • a beacon function for unilaterally transmitting radio waves is provided and data can be transmitted and received.
  • a structure becomes simple.
  • expandability is enhanced as compared with the case where no other antenna structure is provided.
  • conveyance and installation become easy compared with the case where it does not have flexibility.
  • the seventh and twelfth aspects of the present invention it is easier to make the device thinner than when the patch antenna is not used.
  • the eighth aspect of the present invention it is easier to make the device thinner than when the phases are not different.
  • it can be installed more easily and is easily dissolved in the environment.
  • it is easier to set the peak frequency than when the frequency band is not divided into a plurality of parts.
  • a communication system can be easily constructed.
  • communication control is facilitated as compared with the case where the relay method is not used.
  • the connection is facilitated as compared to the case where the connection is not made at the end.
  • (A) is an antenna complex
  • (b) is a plan view of the antenna structure
  • (c) is a cross-sectional view of the antenna structure taken along line IIC-IIC in (b). It is a figure explaining the state which input and excited the signal of the high frequency band to the antenna part.
  • (A) is a figure which shows the mode of the electric power feeding to a radiation electrode
  • (b) is a figure which shows the directivity of the electromagnetic wave in a far field. It is a figure explaining an antenna structure.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view of the antenna structure
  • (b) is a cross-sectional view of the antenna structure along the line IVB-IVB in (a)
  • (c) is a directivity of radio waves of the antenna portion in the antenna structure.
  • FIG. It is a top view which shows the modification of an antenna structure.
  • the basic function of a beacon is to detect its position.
  • a plurality of beacons are arranged in the space, and the position is detected from the ID of the beacon received by the terminal or the like (hereinafter referred to as a beacon ID) and the received radio wave intensity.
  • the host computer inquires the beacon ID and received radio wave intensity from the received terminal to the host computer or the like on a separate line. It is necessary to calculate the position and return it to the terminal, which complicates the system.
  • the beacon antenna that transmits the beacon ID in this way has no directivity. That is, the radio wave is omnidirectionally transmitted in the 360 ° direction around the antenna. Radio waves attenuate with the square of the distance. Therefore, if it is close to one of the two beacons, the intensity of the radio wave is large and a difference depending on the distance can be obtained.
  • the range of radio waves reaches concentric circles. Therefore, in order to reduce the gap between two adjacent beacons, the area where radio waves overlap must be increased.
  • there is a large amount of radio wave attenuation in such a region and it is difficult to obtain a difference. That is, there is a problem that even if it is a few meters away, the reception intensity falls below the allowable range and the position becomes difficult to calculate.
  • the antenna structure that has the function of receiving radio waves (receiver function) and receiving radio waves as beacons from the antenna structure Therefore, it was considered to transmit information such as the beacon ID and the received radio wave intensity to the host computer via the antenna structure. In this way, it is not necessary to prepare a separate communication line for inquiring the host computer.
  • directivity is given to the radio wave transmitted by the antenna included in the antenna structure so that the rapid attenuation of the radio wave due to the separation of the distance is suppressed. Therefore, the change in the radio wave intensity due to the difference in position becomes large, so that the position can be easily detected.
  • the antenna structure can easily receive radio waves from a terminal or the like. Furthermore, by giving directivity to the radio waves transmitted by the antenna, the area where the radio waves overlap can be narrowed if the directivity directions are arranged in parallel between adjacent antenna structures. Therefore, it is suppressed that a position becomes difficult to calculate between adjacent antenna structures.
  • the antenna structure and the antenna complex can be used as a simple communication system in addition to the purpose of detecting the position of a terminal or the like.
  • Bluetooth LE is a standard that emphasizes power saving formulated by Bluetooth SIG.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the concept of a communication system 1 to which this exemplary embodiment is applied.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram in which a communication system 1 is configured in a preset area (section) (indoor).
  • the communication system 1 includes a plurality of (here, three) antenna complexes 10, a host computer 20, an AC power supply unit 30, and a battery power supply unit 40.
  • the three antenna complexes 10 are distinguished from each other, they are denoted as antenna complexes 10-1, 10-2, and 10-3.
  • the two antenna complexes 10-1 and 10-2 are provided so as to be attached to the respective wall surfaces in two directions that divide the area.
  • the antenna complex 10-3 is provided so as to be attached to the floor of the area.
  • the AC power supply unit 30 is an outlet of an AC power source (AC power source), and is connected to supply power to the antenna complex 10 from the AC power source.
  • the battery power supply unit 40 includes a battery and is connected to supply power to the antenna complex 10 from the battery.
  • the area there are a mobile person A who has a communication terminal 50 capable of transmitting and receiving radio waves with the antenna complex 10, and a mobile person B who has a dedicated terminal 60 for transmitting radio waves. Further, in the area, there are an automatic guided vehicle (AGV) 70 capable of transmitting / receiving radio waves to / from the antenna complex 10 and a drone (unmanned aircraft) 80 capable of transmitting / receiving radio waves to / from the antenna complex 10.
  • AGV automatic guided vehicle
  • the communication terminal 50 possessed by the mobile person A, the call-only terminal 60 possessed by the mobile person B, the automatic guided vehicle 70 and the drone 80 are sometimes referred to as mobile objects because they can move within the area. .
  • the moving body includes one that moves from inside the area to outside the area, and one that moves from outside the area to inside the area.
  • the antenna complex 10 includes a plurality of antenna structures 100 and 200.
  • the antenna structures 100 are arranged in a row.
  • the antenna structure 200 is disposed at both ends of the array of antenna structures 100. These antenna structures 100 and 200 transmit radio waves in the area and receive radio waves from the area. As will be described later, the antenna structures 100 and 200 have directivity capable of transmitting and receiving radio waves within the area.
  • the antenna complex 10-1 includes the antenna structures 100-11 to 100-15
  • the antenna complex 10-2 includes the antenna structures 100-21, 100-. 22
  • the antenna complex 10-3 includes antenna structures 100-31 and 100-32.
  • the antenna complex 10-1 includes the antenna structures 200-11 and 200-12
  • the antenna complex 10-2 includes the antenna structures 200-21 and 200-22.
  • the antenna complex 10-3 includes antenna structures 200-31 and 200-32.
  • the wiring board 300 includes a power supply line that supplies power and a data line that transmits and receives data. That is, power is supplied to the plurality of antenna structures 100 and 200 included in the antenna complex 10 through the power supply line, and data is transmitted and received through the data line.
  • data is propagated (transmitted / received) by a relay method as an example. That is, the data line is provided so as to connect between the adjacent antenna structures 100 and 200.
  • multi-hop communication using a data line is represented by a straight line with arrows at both ends.
  • a bus may be provided and a plurality of antenna structures 100 and 200 may be connected to the bus (bus system). Note that communication control in the communication control unit 120 is facilitated by performing communication by the relay method.
  • the antenna complexes 10-1 and 10-2 are connected to the AC power feeding unit 30. That is, the antenna structure 100 included in the antenna complexes 10-1 and 10-2 is supplied with power from the AC power supply.
  • the antenna complex 10 connected to the AC power feeding unit 30 includes an AC-DC converter (converter) that converts alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC).
  • the antenna complex 10-3 is connected to the battery power supply unit 40. That is, the antenna structure 100 included in the antenna complex 10-3 is supplied with power from the battery. If Bluetooth LE is used, power is saved, so that long-term driving is possible by supplying power from the battery. Also, in Bluetooth LE, the communicable distance can be set from 1 m to several tens of meters according to the output of radio waves. Therefore, the size (width) of a cell that is an area within the communicable distance of each of the antenna structures 100 and 200 can be set by the communicable distance. That is, the cell size, that is, the interval at which the antenna structures 100 and 200 are arranged can be set depending on the application.
  • an antenna structure 200-31 located at an end portion close to the antenna complex 10-1 is an antenna located at an end portion of the antenna complex 10-1 near the antenna complex 10-2.
  • the structure 200-12 is wirelessly connected to each other.
  • the antenna structure 200-21 located at the end portion close to the antenna complex 10-1 is located at the end portion of the antenna complex 10-1 near the antenna complex 10-2.
  • the antenna structure 200-11 that is positioned is connected to each other wirelessly. Similar to the communication between the antenna structures 100 in the antenna complex 10, these wireless interconnections are also performed in multihop.
  • wireless multi-hop communication is represented by arcs with arrows at both ends.
  • the antenna structure 200 can transmit and receive radio waves within the area and can communicate with the adjacent antenna complex 10 by radio waves.
  • the antenna structure 200-22 in the antenna complex 10-2 and the antenna structure 200-32 in the antenna complex 10-3 do not have the adjacent antenna complex 10, so that they are wireless with other antenna complexes 10. Do not communicate with.
  • the antenna structure 200-12 located at one end of the antenna complex 10-1 (the wiring board 300) is connected to the host computer 20.
  • the antenna complex 10 and the host computer 20 can be easily connected.
  • FIG. 1 the portion of the antenna structure 200-12 located at one end of the antenna complex 10-1 and the host computer 20 are described as being connected by a wire (signal line).
  • the antenna structure 200-12 may be connected wirelessly through an antenna unit 110 (see FIG. 2 described later) provided in the antenna structure 200-12.
  • the communication control unit 120 included in the antenna structure 100 and the antenna structure 200 includes a microprocessor, a RAM, a ROM, and the like, and realizes the function of Bluetooth LE.
  • the antenna structure 100 and / or the antenna structure 200 may function as a host computer. Even in such a case, the antenna structure 100 and / or the antenna structure 200 that functions as a host computer is used as a host computer.
  • multi-hop communication (data propagation) is performed between the antenna structures 100 and 200 of the antenna complex 10 (antenna complexes 10-1, 10-2, and 10-3). All the antenna structures 100 and 200 communicate with the host computer 20 via the antenna structure 200-12 connected to the host computer 20 of the antenna complex 10-1. Arranging the antenna structures 100 and 200 in a row simplifies the configuration of the antenna complex 10.
  • the antenna complex 10 is provided with the antenna structure 200 at both ends, the antenna structure 200 may be provided only at one end.
  • the antenna complex 10 may not include the antenna structure 200.
  • the connection may be made to the host computer 20 via the antenna structure 100 provided at one end of the antenna complex 10 (in the case of the antenna complex 10-1, for example, the antenna structure 100-15).
  • the end portions of the two antenna complexes 10 may be arranged at a distance where radio waves can reach, and wired wiring for connection It is not necessary to provide.
  • the plurality of antenna complexes 10 can be connected (coupled) without limitation. That is, if both ends of the antenna complex 10 are used as the antenna structure 200 capable of wireless multi-hop communication, the communication system 1 using a plurality of antenna complexes 10 can be easily constructed.
  • an identifiable address is attached to the antenna structures 100 and 200. Therefore, even in multi-hop, the data (information) to be communicated can be identified for each of the antenna structures 100 and 200.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the antenna complex 10 and the antenna structure 100.
  • 2A is the antenna complex 10
  • FIG. 2B is a plan view of the antenna structure 100
  • FIG. 2C is the antenna structure 100 taken along the line IIC-IIC in FIG. 2B.
  • FIG. 1 is the antenna complex 10 and the antenna structure 100.
  • the antenna complex 10 includes a plurality of antenna structures 100 and 200 and a wiring board 300.
  • the plurality of antenna structures 100 are arranged and connected in a row on a wiring board 300 having flexibility (flexibility).
  • the antenna structure 200 is connected to both ends of the wiring board 300.
  • the wiring board 300 is, for example, a flexible printed wiring board (FPC).
  • FPC flexible printed wiring board
  • a power supply line and a data line are provided in the wiring board 300.
  • the power supply line (+ side) and the ground (GND) line ( ⁇ side) constituting the power supply line are supplied with power to all the antenna structures 100 and 200 included in the antenna complex 10. All antenna structures 100 are connected in parallel.
  • the data lines are provided between the adjacent antenna structures 100 and between the antenna structure 200 and the antenna structure 100 adjacent to the antenna structure 200 so as to perform multi-hop communication. Note that the number of data lines provided in parallel is set by a method of data communication to be performed.
  • the wiring board 300 has a strip shape, and a power supply line is provided from one end to the other end. And in the part to which antenna structure 100,200 is connected, the terminal is formed so that antenna structure 100 can be connected to a power supply line.
  • the data line is provided between the adjacent antenna structures 100 and between the antenna structure 200 provided at both ends and the antenna structure 100 adjacent to the antenna structure 200. Are connected to the data line.
  • the wiring board 300 is made of, for example, a conductive material such as a copper layer (copper foil) or a silver layer (silver foil) in which the base material is made of a resin film such as polyimide and the power supply line and the data line are provided on the base material. It is composed of a sex material.
  • the power supply line and the data line are covered with a protective layer made of an electrically insulating material except for the terminals provided on the power supply line and the data line.
  • the antenna structure 100 includes an antenna unit 110 and a communication control unit 120.
  • the antenna unit 110 includes an insulating substrate 111, a ground (GND) electrode 112 provided on one surface (back surface) of the insulating substrate 111, and the other surface (front surface) of the insulating substrate 111.
  • GND ground
  • the radiation electrode 113 has a square outer shape. When the four radiation electrodes 113 are distinguished from each other, they are denoted as radiation electrodes 113-1, 113-2, 113-3, and 113-4.
  • the front surface side of the insulating substrate 111 is referred to as the front surface of the antenna portion 110, and the back surface side of the insulating substrate 111 is referred to as the back surface of the antenna portion 110.
  • the front side of the antenna unit 110 is referred to as the front side of the antenna structure 100, and the back side of the antenna unit 110 is referred to as the back side of the antenna structure 100.
  • the front surface side of the antenna structure 100 is referred to as the front surface of the antenna complex 10
  • the back surface side of the antenna structure 100 is referred to as the rear surface of the antenna complex 10.
  • the insulating substrate 111 is made of, for example, a copper layer (copper foil) or a silver layer (silver foil) in which the base material is made of a resin film such as polyimide, and the ground electrode 112, the radiation electrode 113, and the signal distribution wiring 114 are provided on the base material. ) And other conductive materials.
  • the radiation electrode 113 and the signal distribution wiring 114 are composed of one conductive material layer and are continuous.
  • the antenna unit 110 is a patch antenna (may be referred to as an antenna) that includes a ground electrode 112 provided on the back surface of the insulating substrate 111 and a radiation electrode 113 provided on the surface of the insulating substrate 111. is there. With such a structure, the antenna portion 110 can be made thin and flexible.
  • the antenna does not have to be a patch antenna, but may be another antenna such as an inverted F antenna or a dipole antenna.
  • the antenna unit 110 as a patch antenna, radio waves are transmitted and received on the surface side of the antenna unit 110. Therefore, there is an advantage that the output of radio waves is not affected by the material of the place (for example, a wall surface) to which the antenna unit 110 is attached or the distance from the material.
  • the communication control unit 120 transmits and receives signals to and from the antenna unit 110, and also processes data and exchanges data with the host computer 20.
  • the communication control unit 120 is configured as, for example, a one-chip semiconductor component equipped with a Bluetooth LE function. That is, the communication control unit 120 converts the data to generate a signal to be transmitted by the antenna unit 110, a reception unit to convert the signal received by the antenna unit 110 into data, a base for controlling the transmission unit and the reception unit.
  • a band unit, a microprocessor for processing data (protocol), a RAM, a ROM, and the like are provided.
  • a clock generator that generates a clock in the operating state
  • a clock generator that generates a low-frequency clock for a standby state with low power consumption is provided.
  • software developed by an application developer is installed.
  • the communication control unit 120 is mounted on the insulating substrate 111 of the antenna unit 110 by a technology such as CSP (Chip Size Package).
  • the communication control unit 120 has a plurality of terminals.
  • a terminal for transmitting and receiving signals to and from the antenna unit 110 is connected to the signal distribution wiring 114 of the antenna unit 110 provided on the surface of the insulating substrate 111.
  • a terminal that supplies a power supply voltage (+ side) and a ground voltage (GND) for supplying power to the communication control unit 120 and a terminal that exchanges data with the host computer 20 pass through the insulating substrate 111. It is connected to one terminal of the provided wiring (not shown).
  • the other terminal of the wiring is a terminal for connecting to the power supply line and the data line of the wiring board 300 on the back surface of the insulating substrate 111. These terminals provided on the back surface of the insulating substrate 111 are connected to terminals provided on the power supply line and the data line of the wiring board 300. Thereby, the antenna structure 100 is fixed to the wiring board 300.
  • the plurality of radiation electrodes 113 are configured to transmit and receive radio waves having different peak frequencies. That is, when the peak frequencies are f1, f2, f3, and f4 (f1 ⁇ f2 ⁇ f3 ⁇ f4), the radiation electrode 113-1 has the peak frequency f1, the radiation electrode 113-2 has the peak frequency f2, and the radiation electrode 113-3 has the The peak frequency f3 and the radiation electrode 113-4 are set so as to correspond to the radio wave of the peak frequency f4.
  • the peak frequencies f1 to f4 are not distinguished from each other, they are expressed as a peak frequency f.
  • the radiation electrode 113 is configured such that the side length of a square that is a planar shape corresponds to the peak frequency f. That is, the side length of the radiation electrode 113-2 corresponding to the peak frequency f2 is smaller than the side length of the radiation electrode 113-1 corresponding to the peak frequency f1 lower than the peak frequency f2. Similarly, the side length of the radiation electrode 113-3 corresponding to the peak frequency f3 is smaller than the side length of the radiation electrode 113-2 corresponding to the peak frequency f2 lower than the peak frequency f3. Further, the side length of the radiation electrode 113-4 corresponding to the peak frequency f4 is smaller than the side length of the radiation electrode 113-3 corresponding to the peak frequency f3 lower than the peak frequency f4.
  • the antenna unit 110 includes four patch antennas (patch antennas I) each having a different peak frequency f composed of the ground electrode 112 and each of the radiation electrodes 113-1, 113-2, 113-3, and 113-4. , II, III, IV). In this way, the antenna unit 110 can transmit and receive radio waves in a wide frequency band.
  • patch antennas I, II, III, and IV are examples of antennas.
  • Bluetooth LE uses 40 channels obtained by dividing a band from 2.400 GHz to 2.4835 GHz every 2 MHz.
  • the ratio band (a value obtained by dividing the bandwidth by the center frequency) is about 3.3%.
  • Such a wide band is difficult to cover with a single patch antenna having a specific band around 1%.
  • the band is widened by configuring the antenna unit 110 with four patch antennas I, II, III, and IV having different peak frequencies f.
  • the four radiation electrodes 113-1, 113-2, 113-3, 113-4 are connected by a signal distribution wiring 114.
  • the signal distribution wiring 114 and the ground electrode 112 constitute a distribution circuit using a microstrip line.
  • the shape (pattern) is set so as to provide a wideband distribution circuit capable of propagating the above wide frequency band signal.
  • Bluetooth LE communication is performed by switching the frequency to be used (frequency hopping). That is, communication is performed by switching 40 channels obtained by dividing the frequency band from 2.400 GHz to 2.4835 GHz every 2 MHz. Therefore, for example, the band from 2.400 GHz to 2.4835 GHz is divided into four, and the peak frequencies f1 to f4 are set as the center frequencies of the divided bands. As a result, in the case of a signal corresponding to the peak frequency f1, the radiation electrode 113-1 corresponding to the peak frequency f1 is excited through the distribution circuit to emit a radio wave.
  • a signal with a peak frequency f near the peak frequency f1 also excites the radiation electrode 113-1 corresponding to the peak frequency f1 and radiates radio waves.
  • signals having other peak frequencies f For example, in the case of a peak frequency f between the peak frequency f1 and the peak frequency f2, the radiation electrode 113-1 corresponding to the peak frequency f1 and the radiation electrode 113-2 corresponding to the peak frequency f2 are excited together. Radio waves are emitted. The same applies to the case between the other peak frequencies f. Setting the peak frequency f by dividing the frequency band facilitates the setting of the peak frequency f.
  • the size of the antenna unit 110 is 50 mm ⁇ 200 mm.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a state in which a high frequency band signal is input to the antenna unit 110 and excited.
  • FIG. 3A is a diagram showing the state of power feeding to the radiation electrode 113
  • FIG. 3B is a diagram showing the directivity of radio waves in the far field. These were obtained by simulation.
  • the high frequency band signal is a signal having a frequency between the peak frequency f3 and the peak frequency f4.
  • FIG. 3A a portion to which power is supplied is indicated by hatching.
  • the antenna unit 110 is a directional antenna.
  • the frequency band of the antenna unit 110 is widened by dividing the band into several parts and arranging a plurality of patch antennas having different peak frequencies f corresponding to the divided bands.
  • the number of patch antennas may be other than four, and may be set according to the frequency band of radio waves to be transmitted and received.
  • a method of expanding the frequency band of the antenna unit 110 there is a method using a parasitic element.
  • the antenna unit 110 increases in thickness and is thin. Inhibits this, and loses flexibility. That is, the antenna unit 110 is configured by arranging a plurality of patch antennas having different peak frequencies f so as to be thin and flexible.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the antenna structure 200.
  • 4A is a plan view of the antenna structure 200
  • FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view of the antenna structure 200 taken along line IVB-IVB in FIG. 4A
  • FIG. 4C is an antenna.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the directivity of radio waves of an antenna unit 210 in a structure 200.
  • the antenna structure 200 includes an antenna unit 210 and a communication control unit 120.
  • the antenna unit 210 includes an insulating substrate 211, a ground (GND) electrode 212 provided on the back surface of the insulating substrate 211, and a plurality of (provided on the surface of the insulating substrate 211).
  • four radiation electrodes 113 similarly, a plurality (here, two) of radiation electrodes 213 provided on the surface of the insulating substrate 211, and signal distribution wiring for connecting the radiation electrodes 113 and the communication control unit 120.
  • 114 and a signal distribution wiring 214 that connects the radiation electrode 213 and the communication control unit 120.
  • the radiation electrode 113 and the signal distribution wiring 114 are the same as the antenna unit 110. Therefore, the same code
  • the two radiation electrodes 213 have a square planar shape and the same area. When the two radiation electrodes 213 are distinguished from each other, they are represented as radiation electrodes 213-1 and 213-2.
  • the patch electrodes I to IV are constituted by the radiation electrodes 113-1 to 113-4 and the ground electrode 212. And including the signal distribution wiring 114, it is the same as the antenna part 110, and transmits / receives an electric wave with respect to an area.
  • the radiation electrodes 213-1 and 213-2 and the ground electrode 212 constitute a patch antenna (patch antennas V and VI).
  • an antenna unit multi-hop antenna unit that performs wireless multi-hop communication with the adjacent antenna complex 10 including the signal distribution wiring 214 is configured.
  • the patch antennas V and VI are examples of other antennas.
  • a multi-hop antenna unit is an example of another antenna unit. That is, in the antenna structure 200, the multi-hop antenna unit is configured as one member in the area antenna unit 110 that communicates with the area.
  • a portion (terminal) connected to the communication control unit 120 in the signal distribution wiring 114 is expressed as an area antenna terminal, and a portion (terminal) connected to the communication control unit 120 in the signal distribution wiring 214 is expressed as a multi-hop antenna terminal. There are things to do.
  • the radiation electrodes 213-1 and 213-2 of the antenna unit 210 are configured to have a phase difference of 180 ° by the signal distribution wiring 214. Accordingly, the radiation electrodes 213-1 and 213-2 in FIG. 4C are denoted as 0 [deg] and 180 [deg], respectively.
  • the radio waves are transverse to the surface of the antenna structure 200.
  • Directivity directivity indicated by a solid line. That is, radio waves can be transmitted and received in a direction inclined from the vertical direction of the surface (radiation electrode 213) of the antenna structure 200 while maintaining the characteristics of the thin patch antenna.
  • the radio wave is directed to the surface of the antenna structure 200 as shown by the directivity indicated by the broken line in FIG. Show vertical directivity. This corresponds to the case of the antenna unit 110.
  • the antenna structure 200 is provided at both ends of the antenna complex 10 so as to give the radio wave directivity in the lateral direction, so that the gap between the antenna complex 10-1 and the antenna complex 10-2 in FIG.
  • the two antenna complexes 10 installed so as to be orthogonal (90 °), such as between the antenna complex 10-1 and the antenna complex 10-3, are connected by radio waves. Note that even when two antenna complexes 10 are arranged in the longitudinal direction, that is, when the angle between the antenna complexes 10 is 180 °, radio waves can be transmitted and received.
  • FIG. 5 is a plan view showing an antenna structure 200 ′ that is a modification of the antenna structure 200.
  • the radiation electrode 213-3 and the radiation electrode 213-4 are provided between the radiation electrode 213-1 and the radiation electrode 213-2, and the radiation electrode 213-1 and the radiation electrode 213-3 are connected.
  • the phase is 0 °, and the radiation electrode 213-2 and the radiation electrode 213-4 are 180 ° in phase. In this way, the directivity can be increased (the beam width is reduced). Therefore, the multi-hop distance, that is, the distance between the antenna complexes 10 may be large.
  • Bluetooth LE uses 40 channels for data exchange.
  • 3 channels are advertisement channels.
  • the channel index 37 is set to a center frequency of 2.402 GHz
  • the channel index 38 is set to a center frequency of 2.426 GHz
  • the channel index 39 is set to a center frequency of 2.480 GHz. That is, the upper limit, lower limit, and almost the center of the frequency band from 2.400 GHz to 2.4835 GHz used by Bluetooth LE are set.
  • the other channel is a data channel.
  • FIG. 1 a procedure for data communication between the communication terminal 50 held by the mobile person A and the antenna structure 100-13 located in the vicinity of the communication terminal 50 in the antenna complex 10-1 will be described. Here, it is assumed that the communication terminal 50 requests connection to the antenna structure 100-13.
  • the communication terminal 50 functions as a central, and transmits an advertisement packet using the advertisement channel as a broadcaster (advertisement).
  • the advertisement packet contains its own device information such as its own address (ID). Note that the communication terminal 50 sequentially transmits the advertisement packet to the three advertisement channels having different center frequencies, so that the antenna structure 100-13 can easily receive the advertisement of the communication terminal 50.
  • the antenna structure 100-13 functions as a peripheral and receives an advertisement packet as an observer. In order to receive device information other than the device information included in the advertisement packet, the antenna structure 100-13 transmits a scan request packet using an advertisement channel. Transmit to the communication terminal 50 (scan).
  • the communication terminal 50 functions as an observer in a time-sharing manner, and when receiving a scan request packet, transmits a scan response packet including device information using the advertisement channel.
  • the antenna structure 100-13 transmits a connection request packet for requesting connection to the communication terminal 50 using the advertisement channel (initialization).
  • the antenna structure 100-13 is a master and the communication terminal 50 is a slave. Data communication is performed by periodically transmitting and receiving data packets between the antenna structure 100-13 and the communication terminal 50.
  • the data communication ends. It should be noted that the data communication is terminated even when a data packet from the antenna structure 100-13 or the communication terminal 50 does not reach or when a data error occurs.
  • the antenna structure 100-13 is the master and the communication terminal 50 is the slave.
  • the antenna structure 100-13 and the communication terminal 50 are interchanged, and the communication terminal 50 is the master and the antenna structure 100-13 is the slave. It is good.
  • the operation of the communication system 1, that is, the function (service) performed by the communication system 1 will be described.
  • the position detection function of the communication terminal 50 will be described.
  • a function for notifying the mobile person A who owns the communication terminal 50 of the current position will be described. It is assumed that all the antenna structures 100 in the antenna complex 10 are transmitting advertisement packets.
  • the advertisement packet transmitted by each antenna structure 100 includes the address (ID) of each antenna structure 100 (communication control unit 120).
  • the host computer 20 uses the information for calculating the position (hereinafter, the relationship between the address (ID) of the antenna structure 100 and the installed position, and the change in received radio wave intensity with respect to the distance from the antenna structure 100). , And is written as position calculation information.) And application software for calculating the position.
  • the communication terminal 50 includes an antenna structure 100, an antenna that can transmit and receive signals by radio waves, and a signal processing unit similar to the communication control unit 120, and also displays its position on the display unit (display) of the communication terminal 50.
  • the antenna included in the communication terminal 50 is preferably non-directional capable of transmitting and receiving radio waves with respect to 360 ° around the antenna.
  • the communication terminal 50 acquires the received radio wave intensity and the address (ID) of the antenna structure 100 by receiving the advertisement packet. Note that a plurality of advertisement packets may be received, and the received radio wave intensity and the address (ID) of the antenna structure 100 may be acquired. Communication is established with one antenna structure 100 by the above procedure.
  • the communication terminal 50 transmits the received radio wave intensity and the address (ID) of the antenna structure 100 to the antenna structure 100 as a data packet.
  • the antenna structure 100 transmits the received radio wave intensity in the received data packet and the address (ID) of the antenna structure 100 to the host computer 20.
  • the host computer 20 calculates the position (position information) of the communication terminal 50 from the received received radio wave intensity and the address (ID) of the antenna structure 100 based on the position calculation information held. And the positional information on the communication terminal 50 is transmitted to the antenna structure 100 with which communication with the communication terminal 50 is established. Since the antenna structure 100 has an address (ID), the host computer 20 specifies the address (ID) of the antenna structure 100 and transmits position information.
  • the antenna structure 100 that has received the position information transmits the position information to the communication terminal 50 using the established communication path. Thereby, the position at the communication terminal 50 is displayed on the display unit of the communication terminal 50.
  • the antenna structure 100 is configured not only to transmit a radio wave as a beacon but also to perform data communication with the communication terminal 50. That is, the antenna structure 100 is configured not only to transmit a radio wave as a beacon but also to perform data communication with the communication terminal 50, so that an antenna complex is provided between the communication terminal 50 and the host computer 20. Only a communication line via 10 may be set. On the other hand, when the antenna structure 100 is used as a beacon that only transmits radio waves, it is necessary to prepare a separate communication line for transmitting and receiving data between the communication terminal 50 and the host computer 20. .
  • the host computer 20 can also transmit other information related to the location to the communication terminal 50 in addition to the position information.
  • the place is a shopping street
  • the sale is promoted by transmitting special sale information.
  • the place is a sightseeing spot
  • detailed information regarding the sightseeing spot can be provided by transmitting scenery information and the like.
  • the place is an exhibition hall, it is possible to deepen the appreciation by sending an explanation for each exhibit.
  • the place is a concert hall
  • the audience can individually recognize the position of the audience by holding the penlight having the same function as the communication terminal 50 and control the color of the penlight according to the position. it can. This allows the audience to participate in the concert by flashing penlights that vary in color from place to place, and enhance the sense of unity. And even if a spectator moves a predetermined seat, it is suppressed that the color of a penlight shifts.
  • the room can be made an area, and if it is set large, the outdoor (the above shopping street, Sightseeing spots) can be made into areas.
  • the dedicated transmission terminal 60 includes a signal generation unit that generates an advertisement packet as a signal in a frequency band that can be received by the antenna structure 100 of the antenna complex 10, and an antenna that transmits the signal (advertisement packet) as a radio wave. That is, the signal generation unit may not have the same configuration as the communication control unit 120 included in the antenna structure 100. That is, it is sufficient that the call-only terminal 60 can transmit the advertisement packet. For this reason, it can be manufactured small and inexpensively. If the signal generator of the transmission-only terminal 60 is the same as the communication control unit 120 included in the antenna structure 100, the scan request packet is set not to be received so that the scan response packet is not transmitted. Just keep it. By doing in this way, power consumption is suppressed.
  • the antenna included in the transmission dedicated terminal 60 is preferably omnidirectional. That is, the antenna is preferably non-directional capable of transmitting and receiving radio waves with respect to 360 ° around the antenna.
  • the transmission dedicated terminal 60 always transmits an advertisement packet.
  • the advertisement packet transmitted by the call origination terminal 60 includes the address (ID) of the call origination terminal 60.
  • the antenna structure 100 of the antenna complex 10 is always in a reception state (passive scan).
  • the host computer 20 determines the relationship between the address (ID) of the antenna structure 100 and the position where the antenna structure 100 is installed, and the radio wave antenna structure 100 received from the transmission-only terminal 60 that the antenna structure 100 receives.
  • Information for calculating the position of the call-only terminal 60 position calculation information
  • application software for calculating the position such as a change in strength (received radio wave strength) with respect to the distance of the mobile phone.
  • the antenna structure 100 (the antenna structure 100-21 in FIG. 1) located near the mobile person B is connected to the transmission-only terminal 60. Receives advertisement packets from. At this time, the antenna structure 100-21 acquires the received radio wave intensity together with the address (ID) of the call-only terminal 60. Note that the plurality of antenna structures 100 may receive the advertisement packet from the call-only terminal 60. Then, the antenna structure 100-21 transmits the acquired address (ID) of the transmission-only terminal 60 and the received radio wave intensity to the host computer 20 together with its own address (ID).
  • the host computer 20 calculates the position of the transmission dedicated terminal 60 from the address (ID) of the antenna structure 100-21, the address (ID) of the transmission dedicated terminal 60, and the received radio wave intensity.
  • the host computer 20 calculates the position of the moving person B from the address (ID) of the antenna structure 100-21, the address (ID) of the transmission dedicated terminal 60, and the received radio wave intensity.
  • a display unit display
  • a speaker may be provided in the antenna structure 100 to perform sales promotion, sightseeing spot guidance, explanation of exhibits, and the like as described above.
  • the communication terminal 50 always transmits an advertisement packet.
  • the advertisement packet transmitted by the communication terminal 50 includes the address (ID) of the communication terminal 50.
  • the antenna structure 100 of the antenna complex 10 is always in a reception state (passive scan)
  • the address (ID) of the antenna structure 100 and the radio wave from the communication terminal 50 received by the antenna structure 100 are transmitted.
  • the position of the call-only terminal 60 can be calculated from the intensity (received radio wave intensity) or the like. That is, the communication terminal 50 is operated in the same manner as the call-dedicated terminal 60.
  • the function for controlling the automatic guided vehicle 70 will be described.
  • the data (instruction) about the destination can be transmitted to the automatic guided vehicle 70 from the antenna structure 100 of the antenna complex 10 (antenna structure 100-14 in FIG. 1).
  • the automatic guided vehicle 70 knows its own position by repeating communication with the antenna structure 100 located in the vicinity as it moves. Therefore, it is possible to reach the destination from its own position and the received destination.
  • the antenna complex 10 Since communication is performed via the antenna complex 10, it is not necessary to provide a separate communication line. Further, since the antenna complex 10 has a flexible structure, the antenna complex 10 can be rolled and conveyed, and a path for controlling the automatic guided vehicle 70 is constructed by being attached to a floor or a wall in the factory.
  • the antenna complex 10 includes the antenna structure 200 capable of wireless multi-hop communication at both ends. Therefore, even if a plurality of antenna complexes 10 are arranged in the longitudinal direction, they can be wired. No need to connect. That is, a route for controlling the automatic guided vehicle 70 can be easily constructed.
  • the antenna complex 10 can be driven not only by the AC power source (AC power source) (AC power feeding unit 30 in FIG. 1) but also by the battery (battery power feeding unit 40 in FIG. 1), the AC power source is used. Even if it is difficult, it can be used.
  • AC power source AC power source
  • battery battery power feeding unit 40 in FIG. 1
  • the antenna complex 10 can be made flexible as a whole, it can be conveyed in a rounded and small state. And installation becomes easier by providing an adhesive (adhesive) agent by sticking a double-sided tape on either one of the front surface and the back surface of the antenna complex 10. Further, an advertisement may be printed on one of the front and back surfaces and used for promotion, or a pattern of a wall or floor may be printed to make the antenna complex 10 melt into the environment. The advertisements and patterns on the walls and floors are collectively written as a pattern.
  • the antenna structure 200 has a configuration in which an antenna unit that performs wireless multi-hop communication is added to the antenna unit 110 that transmits and receives radio waves to and from the area.
  • an antenna structure 100 including the antenna unit 110 and an antenna structure including an antenna unit that performs wireless multi-hop communication may be separately provided.
  • Bluetooth LE is taken as an example, but other wireless technologies such as Wi-Fi (registered trademark) based on the IEEE 802.11 standard which is an international standard may be applied.
  • the antenna structures 100 and 200 may be provided with sensors for detecting environmental conditions such as vibration, sound, light, temperature, and humidity. That is, the antenna structures 100 and 200 may function as sensor beacons.
  • an advertisement packet may be transmitted by including the intensity of vibration felt by the vibration sensor in the payload.
  • the intensity of the sound in the case of a light beacon with a light sensor that senses light
  • the intensity of light in the case of a temperature beacon with a temperature sensor that senses temperature
  • an advertisement packet including humidity in the payload may be transmitted.

Landscapes

  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un composite d'antenne 10 comprenant : une pluralité de structures d'antenne 100, chacune transmettant et recevant individuellement des ondes radio ; et une carte de câblage 300 qui est connectée à la pluralité de structures d'antenne 100, et ayant une ligne de données à travers laquelle des données sont transmises et reçues. Chaque structure d'antenne 100 comprend une unité d'antenne 110 ayant une directionnalité pour émettre et recevoir des ondes radio vers et depuis une zone déterminée ; et une unité de commande de communication 120 qui transmet et reçoit des données par l'intermédiaire d'ondes radio émises et reçues par l'unité d'antenne 110, et transmet également et reçoit des données par l'intermédiaire de la ligne de données.
PCT/JP2018/003246 2018-01-31 2018-01-31 Composite d'antenne, structure d'antenne et système de communication WO2019150498A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2018/003246 WO2019150498A1 (fr) 2018-01-31 2018-01-31 Composite d'antenne, structure d'antenne et système de communication
JP2019568485A JP6921441B2 (ja) 2018-01-31 2018-01-31 アンテナ複合体、アンテナ構造体及び通信システム

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2018/003246 WO2019150498A1 (fr) 2018-01-31 2018-01-31 Composite d'antenne, structure d'antenne et système de communication

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4057446A4 (fr) * 2019-11-06 2023-12-13 Agc Inc. Antenne distribuée et système d'antenne distribuée

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09219618A (ja) * 1996-02-13 1997-08-19 Toshiba Corp 円偏波パッチアンテナ及び無線通信システム
JP2002353707A (ja) * 2001-05-30 2002-12-06 Kobe Steel Ltd 高周波ストリップ線路およびアンテナ装置
WO2004100314A1 (fr) * 2003-05-12 2004-11-18 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Antenne radio pour reseau local d'entreprises
JP2007329546A (ja) * 2006-06-06 2007-12-20 Univ Of Electro-Communications 広帯域アンテナ及び広帯域アンテナシステム

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09219618A (ja) * 1996-02-13 1997-08-19 Toshiba Corp 円偏波パッチアンテナ及び無線通信システム
JP2002353707A (ja) * 2001-05-30 2002-12-06 Kobe Steel Ltd 高周波ストリップ線路およびアンテナ装置
WO2004100314A1 (fr) * 2003-05-12 2004-11-18 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Antenne radio pour reseau local d'entreprises
JP2007329546A (ja) * 2006-06-06 2007-12-20 Univ Of Electro-Communications 広帯域アンテナ及び広帯域アンテナシステム

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4057446A4 (fr) * 2019-11-06 2023-12-13 Agc Inc. Antenne distribuée et système d'antenne distribuée
US11949160B2 (en) 2019-11-06 2024-04-02 AGC Inc. Distributed antenna and distributed antenna system

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JP6921441B2 (ja) 2021-08-18

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