WO2019141219A1 - 多移动机器人的调度方法及系统 - Google Patents

多移动机器人的调度方法及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019141219A1
WO2019141219A1 PCT/CN2019/072257 CN2019072257W WO2019141219A1 WO 2019141219 A1 WO2019141219 A1 WO 2019141219A1 CN 2019072257 W CN2019072257 W CN 2019072257W WO 2019141219 A1 WO2019141219 A1 WO 2019141219A1
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node
historical
mobile robot
sequence
regions
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PCT/CN2019/072257
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English (en)
French (fr)
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刘清
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库卡机器人(广东)有限公司
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Publication of WO2019141219A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019141219A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/02Control of position or course in two dimensions
    • G05D1/021Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
    • G05D1/0212Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles with means for defining a desired trajectory
    • G05D1/0217Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles with means for defining a desired trajectory in accordance with energy consumption, time reduction or distance reduction criteria

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  • the present invention relates to the field of robots, and in particular to a scheduling method and system for a multi-mobile robot.
  • the robot has good conflict resolution capability through the current local environment information of the robot.
  • the second is centralized management conflict resolution, which is mainly to eliminate conflicts by segmenting the motion path of the robot.
  • the inventors of the present application found in the prior art that at least the following drawbacks exist in the prior art:
  • the distributed method is simple in operation, real-time and flexible, but due to local poles, often The task cannot be completed completely.
  • the centralized management method can perform the task more accurately, but it is very easy to cause the robot to run the path conflict.
  • the optimal solution is found, but the calculation amount is large, which occupies a large amount of resources of the server, resulting in real-time. Poor sex. For this reason, the industry still cannot propose a better solution.
  • the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a scheduling method and system for a multi-mobile robot, which is to solve at least the technical problem that the centralized management method in the prior art has a large amount of computation and consumes a large amount of resources of the server.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a scheduling method for a multi-mobile robot, the method comprising: acquiring a plurality of sets of historical node region sequences corresponding to an initial position and a planned path, wherein the planned path is the mobile robot An obstacle that is self-planned and capable of bypassing a predetermined area including a plurality of node areas, and the historical node area sequence is the mobile robot according to the initial position of the mobile robot and the planned path Assigned, wherein the mobile robot is configured to pass only from the sequence of assigned nodes; statistics historical execution parameters corresponding to when the mobile robot executes the plurality of sets of historical node regions; when it is detected that When the mobile robot schedules the scheduling request from the initial location to the planning path, selects a first historical node region sequence from the plurality of sets of historical node region sequences based on the statistical result of the historical execution parameter, and selects the selected The first historical node region sequence is assigned to the mobile robot.
  • the statistical result of the historical execution parameter includes a historical congestion indicator
  • the selecting, according to the statistical result of the historical execution parameter, the sequence of the first historical node region from the sequence of the plurality of historical node regions includes: Determining, in the sequence of the plurality of historical node regions, a sequence of historical node regions having the lowest historical congestion index as the first historical node region sequence, wherein the historical congestion indicator is based on the execution history of the mobile robot The node sequence distance corresponding to the sequence of node regions and the path execution duration are determined.
  • the historical execution parameter includes an allocated frequency of a sequence of historical node regions
  • the selecting, according to the statistical result of the historical execution parameter, the sequence of the first historical node region from the plurality of historical node region sequences includes: Determining, from the sequence of the plurality of sets of historical node regions, a sequence of historical node regions having the highest assigned frequency as the sequence of the first historical node regions.
  • the method further includes: establishing a node resource table according to the first history node region sequence of the mobile robot, where The node resource table records a correspondence between the node area ID and the occupied time; and controls the mobile robot to occupy the node area of the corresponding node area ID according to the occupied time in the node resource table.
  • the node resource table records a correspondence between the mobile robot ID, the node area ID, and the occupation time, and the plurality of mobile robot IDs respectively correspond to the plurality of movements in the predetermined area.
  • a robot wherein the controlling the mobile robot to occupy a node area of a corresponding node area ID according to an occupation time in the node resource table comprises: controlling the plurality of mobile robots to respectively follow respective movements in the node resource table The occupied time corresponding to the robot ID, occupying the node area of the corresponding node area ID, wherein any two of the plurality of mobile robot IDs do not jointly correspond to the same occupied time under the same node area ID in the node resource table .
  • Another aspect of the present invention provides a scheduling system for a multi-mobile robot, the system comprising: an initial information acquiring unit configured to acquire a plurality of sets of historical node region sequences corresponding to an initial location and a planned path, wherein the planned path is An obstacle that is independently planned by the mobile robot and capable of bypassing a predetermined area including a plurality of node regions, and the historical node region sequence is according to the initial position of the mobile robot and the planned path Assigned to the mobile robot, wherein the mobile robot is configured to pass only from the sequence of assigned nodes; the statistical unit is configured to count the history of the plurality of sets of historical node regions when the mobile robot executes An execution parameter; a history node selection unit configured to, when detecting a scheduling request for scheduling the mobile robot from the initial location to the planning path, based on the historical result of the historical execution parameter from the plurality of sets of history Selecting a sequence of first historical node regions in a sequence of node regions; a node allocation unit Configuring to assign the selected first history
  • the statistical result of the historical execution parameter includes a historical congestion indicator, and the historical congestion indicator corresponding to the sequence of the first historical node region is lower than the sequence of other historical node regions in the sequence of the plurality of historical node regions.
  • a historical congestion indicator wherein the historical congestion indicator is determined based on a length of time consumed by the mobile robot to execute a sequence of historical node regions.
  • the statistical result of the historical execution parameter includes a historical frequency at which the sequence of the node region is allocated, and the allocated historical frequency corresponding to the sequence of the first historical node region is higher than the sequence of the plurality of historical node regions.
  • the system further includes: a node resource table establishing unit, configured to: after the selected first history node region sequence is allocated to the mobile robot, according to the first history node of the mobile robot The area sequence establishes a node resource table, wherein the node resource table records a correspondence between the node area ID and the occupied time; and the control occupied unit is configured to control the mobile robot to follow the occupied time in the node resource table, The node area that occupies the corresponding node area ID.
  • a node resource table establishing unit configured to: after the selected first history node region sequence is allocated to the mobile robot, according to the first history node of the mobile robot The area sequence establishes a node resource table, wherein the node resource table records a correspondence between the node area ID and the occupied time; and the control occupied unit is configured to control the mobile robot to follow the occupied time in the node resource table, The node area that occupies the corresponding node area ID.
  • the node resource table records a correspondence between the mobile robot ID, the node area ID, and the occupation time, and the plurality of mobile robot IDs respectively correspond to the plurality of movements in the predetermined area.
  • the control occupancy unit is configured to control the plurality of mobile robots to occupy a node area corresponding to the node area ID according to an occupation time corresponding to a respective mobile robot ID in the node resource table, wherein the plurality of Any two of the mobile robot IDs do not collectively correspond to the same occupied time under the same node area ID in the node resource table.
  • the scheduling of the multi-mobile robot is realized based on the allocation and management of the node area, and the moving state of the mobile robot in the dense area can be effectively monitored; and the current path planning is determined according to the allocation of the historical node area,
  • the server needs to recalculate the allocation of the node area, improve the calculation efficiency, optimize the response efficiency of the server, and improve the transportation efficiency of the mobile robot in the dense area.
  • FIG. 1 is an example of a map of a dense area in which a scheduling method of a multi-mobile robot according to an embodiment of the present invention is implemented;
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a scheduling method of a multi-mobile robot according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for acquiring a planned path of a mobile robot according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is an example of a node resource table regarding a three-dimensional coordinate axis
  • FIG. 6 is an example of a node resource table according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a structural block diagram of a scheduling system of a multi-mobile robot according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a plurality of obstacles B1, B2, and the like, a plurality of mobile robots A0, A1, and the like, and a plurality of nodes are attached to a map of a dense area in which the scheduling method of the multi-mobile robot according to the embodiment of the present invention is implemented.
  • the dense area may be predetermined according to needs, for example, it may refer to an area in the warehouse, the plurality of mobile robots A0, A1 may refer to a plurality of logistics robots, and through the mobile robots A0, A1 Running the move can carry the goods, but when multiple logistics robots are running at the same time, it may cause conflicts.
  • the sizes of the different node regions N1 and N2 may be equal, which may be formed by equally dividing the map of the dense regions. It should be noted that the scheduling method of the multiple mobile robots of the embodiments of the present invention may be performed by a server that centrally manages the plurality of mobile robots.
  • a scheduling method for a multi-mobile robot includes:
  • S201 Acquire a plurality of sets of historical node region sequences corresponding to the initial location and the planned path, wherein the planned path is an obstacle that is planned by the mobile robot and can bypass an obstacle in a predetermined region including the plurality of node regions, and a historical node region.
  • the sequence is assigned to the mobile robot based on the initial position of the mobile robot and the planned path, wherein the mobile robot is configured to pass only from the assigned sequence of nodes.
  • the manner of obtaining the planned path may be determined by the mobile robot and uploaded to the server by the mobile device, or may be obtained by the server, and all of the above are within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the mobile robot in the embodiment of the present invention may be an AGV (Automated Guided Vehicle), wherein the obtaining method includes: S301, a server A scheduling command may be transmitted to each mobile robot, wherein the scheduling command includes target node area information of each mobile robot. S302. After each mobile robot receives the respective scheduling command, it calculates respective corresponding planning paths according to the respective target node region information and through the A* algorithm. S303. Each mobile robot sends the respective planned path obtained by the calculation to the server. It should be noted that although the mobile robot can independently plan the path, it has no concept of node resources, and it cannot implement conflict avoidance for other mobile robots that move dynamically.
  • AGV Automate Guided Vehicle
  • the server After the server obtains the planned path sent by each mobile robot, corresponding subsequent processing is performed to ensure that the path conflict does not occur during the execution of the planned path by the mobile robot.
  • the mobile robot performs the movement only when an instruction regarding the next allocated node area is received from the server, even though it may have independently planned the operation path.
  • the history node region sequence may be historical data of a combined node region (eg, 63-53-43, or 63-64-54-44-43, etc.) previously allocated for the mobile robot's movement path stored in the server. .
  • the number of the history node region sequences may be a plurality of groups, for example, two or more groups, and although it may be driven based on a path planned by the mobile robot, there are many factors in the process of actually moving the multi-mobile robot. Interference (for example, it is divided into a congested sub-area and a scattered sub-area in a dense area), so that the server may plan other more efficient paths according to the starting point and the ending point of the planned path.
  • This calculation process consumes the resources of the server and affects the real-time. Sex, but it can guarantee that the mobile robot can reach the target node more efficiently. For example, it is calculated that the 63-64-54-44-43 node region sequence is in the evacuation sub-region and is executed according to it, and then stored as a history to the server. It should be noted that the calculation process may be arbitrary. The calculation process is all within the scope of the present invention.
  • the historical execution parameter may be an evaluation parameter indicating that the mobile robot executes the planned path in a historical state.
  • the scheduling request may be generated based on the scheduling assignment of the operation and maintenance terminal, and after the scheduling request is generated, the selection may be made from the counted historical node regions in response to the scheduling request, thereby improving the response efficiency of the server.
  • the statistical mobile robot performs a historical congestion indicator corresponding to each group node sequence sequence from the 63rd node area to the 43rd node area
  • the historical congestion indicator may be a statistical history node area sequence.
  • the corresponding node sequence distance and path execution time are determined.
  • the historical node region sequence corresponding to the lowest value of the historical congestion index is selected as the first historical node region sequence.
  • the statistical mobile robot performs the assigned frequency assigned to the mobile robot with respect to each group of node region sequences from the node node area No. 63 to the node node area 43. For example, the sequence of each node region can be directly counted. The number of times assigned to the mobile robot. Further, based on the statistical result of the allocated frequency, the history node region sequence corresponding to the highest assigned frequency value is selected as the first history node region sequence.
  • the scheduling of the multi-mobile robot is realized by allocating and managing the node area, and the moving state of the mobile robot in the dense area can be effectively monitored; and the current path planning is determined according to the allocation of the historical node area.
  • the server does not need to recalculate the allocation of the node area, improve the calculation efficiency, optimize the response efficiency of the server, and improve the transportation efficiency of the mobile robot in the dense area.
  • the execution of the S204 may be implemented based on a node resource table that introduces a time variable, thereby facilitating planning of the full running dynamics of the mobile robot.
  • a node resource table is established according to a first historical node region sequence of the mobile robot, wherein a correspondence relationship between the node region ID and the occupied time is recorded in the node resource table.
  • the mobile robot is controlled to occupy the node area of the corresponding node area ID according to the occupied time in the node resource table.
  • the node area is managed as an assignable resource, and the occupation time of the node area is introduced as a variable to maintain it. As shown in FIG.
  • the x and y axes respectively represent two-dimensional.
  • the position in space, and the z axis is the time coordinate.
  • the three-dimensional coordinates of the mobile robot at a certain moment can be calculated according to the planned path of the mobile robot.
  • the mobile robot can be displayed from the current position node region S to the three-dimensional coordinate axis shown in FIG.
  • the trajectory and coordinates of the target node region T at various times. Specifically, since the mobile robot is a process from entering to leaving a certain node, it takes a period of time, so the occupied time in the node resource table may refer to a time period.
  • all mobile robots can be managed and maintained globally in the node resource table.
  • the node resource table records a correspondence between the mobile robot ID, the node area ID, and the occupation time, and the plurality of mobile robot IDs respectively correspond to the plurality of mobile robots in the predetermined area.
  • the plurality of mobile robots may be controlled to occupy the node area of the corresponding node area ID according to the occupation time corresponding to the respective mobile robot IDs in the node resource table, wherein the plurality of mobile robots Any two of the IDs do not collectively correspond to the same occupied time under the same node area ID in the node resource table.
  • each mobile robot may be configured with a unique mobile robot ID (for example, A0, A1, etc.), and each node region may also be configured with a unique node region ID (as shown in FIG. 4). ).
  • FIG. 6 is an example of a node resource table according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is a result obtained by performing a dimensionality reduction process on a node resource table, which exemplarily shows that the current time is 0 in the node area 73.
  • the mobile robot A0 plans the resource allocation situation to the node No. 31 in the target area, and the resource allocation situation of the mobile robot A1 located at node 55 at the current time 0 to the node No. 19 of the target node.
  • each node ID is unique to a resource at a certain time, and can be identified by a hash table, such as node area 73 occupying time 1 and number 73 occupying time 2 Node areas are different resources.
  • the resources allocated for different mobile robots (for example, A0 and A1) do not coincide, that is, any two of the plurality of mobile robot IDs do not collectively correspond to the same node region ID in the node resource table. Take up time.
  • the operation of the plurality of mobile robots is centrally managed through the node resource table, so that the two different robots do not preempt the same resources during the running process, that is, there are no two mobile robots that are moving according to the planned path.
  • the same node area is present at the same time, which effectively avoids the conflict between the mobile robot and other mobile robots during the running process.
  • the reasonable allocation of resources is realized, and the protection is ensured.
  • the space resources in the closed area can be utilized efficiently, increase the number of concurrent tasks, and optimize the transportation efficiency of mobile robots in the space.
  • the footprint of the mobile robot is calculated according to 1.44 square meters.
  • the space required for a single mobile robot is less than 7 square meters, so that in the case of achieving certain transportation efficiency, the dense area such as the whole of the factory area The area can be reduced to save costs.
  • a scheduling system 70 for a multi-mobile robot includes: an initial information acquiring unit 701 configured to acquire a plurality of sets of historical node region sequences corresponding to an initial position and a planned path, wherein the planning The path is an obstacle that is independently planned by the mobile robot and is capable of bypassing a predetermined area including a plurality of node areas, and the history node area sequence is based on the initial position of the mobile robot and the plan a path assigned to the mobile robot, wherein the mobile robot is configured to pass only from the assigned sequence of nodes; and a statistics unit 702 configured to count the plurality of sets of historical node regions when the mobile robot performs the sequence Corresponding history execution parameter; the history node selection unit 703 is configured to, when detecting a scheduling request for scheduling the mobile robot from the initial location to the planning path, based on the historical result of the historical execution parameter Selecting a sequence of first historical node regions in a plurality of sets of historical node regions; node
  • the historical execution parameter includes a historical congestion indicator
  • the historical node selection unit is configured to determine a set of historical node region sequences having the lowest historical congestion index from the plurality of sets of historical node region sequences, and This is taken as the first history node region sequence, wherein the historical congestion indicator is determined based on the node sequence distance and the path execution duration corresponding to the mobile robot performing the sequence of the history node region.
  • the history execution parameter includes an allocated frequency of a sequence of historical node regions, wherein the first historical node region sequence is selected from the plurality of sets of historical node regions based on statistical results of the historical execution parameters
  • the method includes: determining, from the sequence of the plurality of sets of historical node regions, a sequence of the historical node regions that are assigned the highest frequency, and using the sequence as the first historical node region sequence.
  • the system further includes: a node resource table establishing unit configured to, after assigning the selected first history node region sequence to the mobile robot, according to the first of the mobile robot
  • the historical node area sequence establishes a node resource table, wherein the node resource table records a correspondence between the node area ID and the occupied time; and controls the occupied unit, configured to control the mobile robot to follow the occupied in the node resource table Time, the node area occupying the corresponding node area ID.
  • the node resource table records a correspondence between the mobile robot ID, the node area ID, and the occupied time, and the plurality of the mobile robot IDs respectively correspond to the plurality of the predetermined areas.
  • Mobile robots wherein the control occupancy unit is configured to control the plurality of mobile robots to occupy a node area corresponding to the node area ID according to the occupation time corresponding to the respective mobile robot IDs in the node resource table, respectively Any two of the plurality of mobile robot IDs do not collectively correspond to the same occupied time under the same node area ID in the node resource table.
  • the scheduling system of the multiple mobile robot provided by the embodiment of the present invention may be built on a server for centrally managing multiple mobile robots, and each unit and module as described above may refer to a program module or unit.
  • each unit and module as described above may refer to a program module or unit.
  • system of the embodiments of the present invention may be used to implement the corresponding method embodiments of the present invention, and correspondingly achieve the technical effects achieved by the foregoing method embodiments of the present invention, and details are not described herein again.
  • a related function module can be implemented by a hardware processor.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a storage medium on which a computer program is stored, the program being executed by the processor as a step of a scheduling method of a multi-mobile robot executed by the server.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like. .

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Abstract

本发明实施例提供一种多移动机器人的调度方法及系统,属于机器人领域。所述多移动机器人的调度方法包括:获取对应于初始位置和规划路径的多组历史节点区域序列;其中移动机器人被配置成只从经分配的节点序列通过;统计移动机器人执行多组历史节点区域序列时所对应的历史执行参数;当检测到关于将移动机器人从初始位置调度到规划路径的调度请求时,基于历史执行参数的统计结果从多组历史节点区域序列中选择第一历史节点区域序列,以及将所选择的第一历史节点区域序列分配至移动机器人。由此提高了服务器集中计算的效率,优化了服务器的响应效率,同时也提高了密集区域移动机器人的运输效率。

Description

多移动机器人的调度方法及系统
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2018年01月19日提交的中国专利申请201810055319.2的权益,该申请的内容通过引用被合并于本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及机器人领域,具体地涉及一种多移动机器人的调度方法及系统。
背景技术
在密集区域(例如物流仓库区域)内布设多个移动机器人,并由这些移动机器人来完成诸如搬运货物的任务,以替代人工劳动,是目前物联网领域的研究重点。
为了避免密集区域中的多个移动机器人之间在作业时候的碰撞,目前一般采用了如下两种不同的处理方案:其一,是通过机器人当前的局部环境信息,让机器人具有良好的冲突消解能力;其二,是集中管理式冲突消解,其主要是通过将机器人的运动路径分段来消除冲突。
但是,本申请的发明人在实践本申请的过程中发现上述现有技术中至少存在如下缺陷:其一,分布式方法虽然运算简单、实时性和灵活性强,但由于会出现局部极点,往往无法完整地完成任务;其二,集中管理式方法能够较精确地执行任务,但极容易导致机器人运行路径冲突,通常要寻找最优解,但计算量很大,占用服务器大量的资源,导致实时性差。对此目前业界仍然无法提出较佳的解决方案。
发明内容
本发明实施例的目的是提供一种多移动机器人的调度方法及系统,用以至少解决现有技术中集中管理式方法计算量很大,占用服务器大量的资源所导致的实时性差的技术问题。
为了实现上述目的,本发明实施例提供一种多移动机器人的调度方法,该方法包括:获取对应于初始位置和规划路径的多组历史节点区域序列,其中所述规划路径是所述移动机器人所自主规划的、且能够绕开包括多个节点区域的预定区域内的障碍物,以及所述历史节点区域序列是根据所述移动机器人的所述初始位置和所述规划路径而为 所述移动机器人所分配的,其中所述移动机器人被配置成只从经分配的节点序列通过;统计所述移动机器人执行所述多组历史节点区域序列时所对应的历史执行参数;当检测到关于将所述移动机器人从所述初始位置调度到所述规划路径的调度请求时,基于所述历史执行参数的统计结果从所述多组历史节点区域序列中选择第一历史节点区域序列,以及将所选择的所述第一历史节点区域序列分配至所述移动机器人。
可选的,所述历史执行参数的统计结果包括历史拥堵指标,其中所述基于所述历史执行参数的统计结果从所述多组历史节点区域序列中选择第一历史节点区域序列包括:从所述多组历史节点区域序列中确定历史拥堵指标最低的那一组历史节点区域序列,并将其作为所述第一历史节点区域序列,其中所述历史拥堵指标是基于所述移动机器人执行通过历史节点区域序列所对应的节点序列距离和路径执行时长所确定的。
可选的,所述历史执行参数包括历史节点区域序列的被分配频次,其中所述基于所述历史执行参数的统计结果从所述多组历史节点区域序列中选择第一历史节点区域序列包括:从所述多组历史节点区域序列中确定被分配频次最高的那一组历史节点区域序列,并将其作为所述第一历史节点区域序列。
可选的,在将所选择的所述第一历史节点区域序列分配至所述移动机器人之后,该方法还包括:根据所述移动机器人的所述第一历史节点区域序列建立节点资源表,其中所述节点资源表中记录有节点区域ID和占用时间之间的对应关系;控制所述移动机器人按照所述节点资源表中的占用时间,占用相应的节点区域ID的节点区域。
可选的,所述节点资源表中记录有移动机器人ID、节点区域ID和占用时间三者之间的对应关系,以及多个所述移动机器人ID分别对应于所述预定区域内的多个移动机器人,其中所述控制所述移动机器人按照所述节点资源表中的占用时间,占用相应的节点区域ID的节点区域包括:控制所述多个移动机器人分别按照所述节点资源表中各自的移动机器人ID所对应的占用时间,占用相应的节点区域ID的节点区域,其中所述多个移动机器人ID中的任意两者在所述节点资源表中不共同对应同一节点区域ID下的同一占用时间。
本发明实施例另一方面提供一种多移动机器人的调度系统,该系统包括:初始信息获取单元,配置为获取对应于初始位置和规划路径的多组历史节点区域序列,其中所述规划路径是所述移动机器人所自主规划的、且能够绕开包括多个节点区域的预定区域内的障碍物,以及所述历史节点区域序列是根据所述移动机器人的所述初始位置和所述规划路径而为所述移动机器人所分配的,其中所述移动机器人被配置成只从经分配的节 点序列通过;统计单元,配置为统计所述移动机器人执行所述多组历史节点区域序列时所对应的历史执行参数;历史节点选择单元,配置为当检测到关于将所述移动机器人从所述初始位置调度到所述规划路径的调度请求时,基于所述历史执行参数的统计结果从所述多组历史节点区域序列中选择第一历史节点区域序列;节点分配单元,配置为将所选择的所述第一历史节点区域序列分配至所述移动机器人。
可选的,所述历史执行参数的统计结果包括历史拥堵指标,以及所述第一历史节点区域序列所对应的历史拥堵指标低于所述多组历史节点区域序列中其他历史节点区域序列所对应的历史拥堵指标,其中所述历史拥堵指标基于所述移动机器人执行通过历史节点区域序列所消耗的时长来确定。
可选的,所述历史执行参数的统计结果包括节点区域序列被分配的历史频次,以及所述第一历史节点区域序列所对应的被分配的历史频次高于所述多组历史节点区域序列中其他历史节点区域序列所对应的被分配的历史频次。
可选的,该系统还包括:节点资源表建立单元,配置为在将所选择的所述第一历史节点区域序列分配至所述移动机器人之后,根据所述移动机器人的所述第一历史节点区域序列建立节点资源表,其中所述节点资源表中记录有节点区域ID和占用时间之间的对应关系;控制占用单元,配置为控制所述移动机器人按照所述节点资源表中的占用时间,占用相应的节点区域ID的节点区域。
可选的,所述节点资源表中记录有移动机器人ID、节点区域ID和占用时间三者之间的对应关系,以及多个所述移动机器人ID分别对应于所述预定区域内的多个移动机器人,其中所述控制占用单元配置为控制所述多个移动机器人分别按照所述节点资源表中各自的移动机器人ID所对应的占用时间,占用相应的节点区域ID的节点区域,其中所述多个移动机器人ID中的任意两者在所述节点资源表中不共同对应同一节点区域ID下的同一占用时间。
通过上述技术方案,基于对节点区域的分配和管理来实现对多移动机器人的调度,能够有效监测移动机器人在密集区域中的移动状态;并且,根据历史节点区域的分配来确定当前路径规划,不需要服务器重新计算节点区域的分配,提高了计算效率,优化了服务器的响应效率,同时也提高了密集区域移动机器人的运输效率。
本发明实施例的其它特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
附图说明
附图是用来提供对本发明实施例的进一步理解,并且构成说明书的一部分,与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本发明实施例,但并不构成对本发明实施例的限制。在附图中:
图1是实施本发明一实施例的多移动机器人的调度方法的密集区域的地图的示例;
图2是本发明一实施例的多移动机器人的调度方法的流程图;
图3是本发明一实施例中关于获取移动机器人的规划路径方法的流程图;
图4是本发明一实施例中关于预定区域的节点分布表的示例;
图5是关于三维坐标轴的节点资源表的示例;
图6是本发明一实施例的节点资源表的示例;
图7是本发明一实施例的多移动机器人的调度系统的结构框图。
附图标记说明
A1、A0   移动机器人               B1、B2  障碍物
N1、N2   节点                     702     统计单元
701      初始信息获取单元         703     历史节点选择单元
70       多移动机器人的调度系统
704      节点分配单元
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明实施例的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是,此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明实施例,并不用于限制本发明实施例。
如图1所示,在实施本发明一实施例的多移动机器人的调度方法的密集区域的地图中标注了多个障碍物B1、B2等,多个移动机器人A0、A1等,以及多个节点区域N1、N2等。其中,该密集区域可以是根据需要所预定的,例如其可以是指代仓库内的区域,该多个移动机器人A0、A1可以是指代多个物流机器人,以及通过该移动机器人A0、A1的运行移动,可以实现搬运货物,但是在多个物流机器人同时运行的时候,可能会导致冲突。其中,不同的节点区域N1、N2的大小可以是相等的,其可以通过对密集区域的地图作等比例划分所形成的。需说明的是,本发明实施例的多移动机器人的调度方法可以是由集中管理该多个移动机器人的服务器所执行的。
如图2所示,本发明一实施例的多移动机器人的调度方法包括:
S201、获取对应于初始位置和规划路径的多组历史节点区域序列,其中规划路径是移动机器人所自主规划的、且能够绕开包括多个节点区域的预定区域内的障碍物,以及历史节点区域序列是根据移动机器人的初始位置和规划路径而为移动机器人所分配的,其中移动机器人被配置成只从经分配的节点序列通过。
具体的,关于规划路径的获取方式,可以是由移动机器人所自主确定,并由其上传至服务器的,也可以是服务器通过计算所得出的,且以上都属于本发明的保护范围内。
参见图3示出的是关于规划路径的获取方式的一种可选实施方式,本发明实施例中的移动机器人可以是AGV(Automated Guided Vehicle激光导航车辆),其中该获取方法包括:S301、服务器可以向各个移动机器人发送调度命令,其中调度命令包含各个移动机器人的目标节点区域信息。S302、在各个移动机器人接收到各自的调度命令之后,其会根据各自的目标节点区域信息并通过A*算法计算各自的相应的规划路径。S303、各个移动机器人会将计算所得到的各自的规划路径发送至服务器。需说明的是,移动机器人虽然能够自主规划路径,但是由于其没有节点资源的概念,并且其对于动态移动的其他移动机器人无法实现冲突规避。在服务器获取到各个移动机器人所发送的规划路径之后,会执行相应的后续处理,以保障在移动机器人在执行规划路径的过程中不会发生路径冲突。作为示例,在地图上可以具有多个分别具有唯一的节点ID的节点区域(例如图4所示的关于密集区域的节点分布表中的0、1…99号节点区域),移动机器人A0在接收到调度命令之后,需要从当前位置73号节点区域到达31号目标节点区域,此时移动机器人A0会通过A*算法计算到达31号目标节点区域的最短路径,由此保障移动机器人A0能够迅速到达目标节点区域。但是在此时的计算中并没有考虑到当前空间内的其他移动机器人例如A1的运行移动,其也只会考虑到静态的障碍物节点,而在移动机器人A0运行移动的过程中,空间内的其他移动机器人例如A1相对于这台移动机器人A0都是障碍物,因此需要采取防冲突措施以避开其他移动机器人以防止相撞。关于冲突管理措施的细节,具体将在下文中展开。
关于移动机器人的配置,可以是移动机器人只有从服务器接收到关于下一分配的节点区域的指令时,才会执行移动,即使其可能已经自主规划好了运行路径。
历史节点区域序列可以是在服务器中所存储的之前为移动机器人的移动路径所分配的组合的节点区域(例如63-53-43、或63-64-54-44-43等等)的历史数据。并且,该历史节点区域序列的数量可以是多组,例如两组或以上,并且虽然可以基于移动机器人 所自主规划的路径行驶,但是由于在实际多移动机器人在移动的过程中会有诸多因素的干扰(例如在密集区域中还分为拥塞子区域和疏散子区域),使得服务器有可能会根据规划路径的起点和终点自行规划其他更高效的路径,此计算过程会消耗服务器的资源,影响实时性,但是可以保障移动机器人能够更加高效地到达目标节点。例如,计算出63-64-54-44-43节点区域序列是处于疏散子区域的,并按照其执行,之后将其作为历史存储至服务器,需说明的是,该计算过程可以是选择任意的计算过程,且其都属于本发明的保护范围内。
S202、统计移动机器人执行多组历史节点区域序列时所对应的历史执行参数。
其中,历史执行参数可以是表示移动机器人在历史状态下执行该规划路径的评估参数。
S203、当检测到关于将移动机器人从初始位置调度到规划路径的调度请求时,基于历史执行参数的统计结果从多组历史节点区域序列中选择第一历史节点区域序列。
作为示例,关于调度请求,可以是基于运维端的调度分配来生成的,并且在调度请求生成之后,能够响应于调度请求从已统计好的历史节点区域中进行选择,提高了服务器的响应效率。
作为示例的一方面,统计移动机器人在执行关于从第63号节点区域到第43号节点区域的各组节点区域序列所对应的历史拥堵指标,例如历史拥堵指标可以是通过统计历史节点区域序列所对应的节点序列距离和路径执行时长来确定的。进一步的,基于该历史拥堵指标的统计结果来选择历史拥堵指标最低的值所对应的历史节点区域序列作为第一历史节点区域序列。
作为示例的另一方面,统计移动机器人在执行关于从第63号节点区域到第43号节点区域的各组节点区域序列所被分配给移动机器人的被分配频次,例如可以直接统计各个节点区域序列所被分配给移动机器人的次数。进一步的,基于该被分配频次的统计结果来选择被分配频次最高的值所对应的历史节点区域序列作为第一历史节点区域序列。
S204、将所选择的第一历史节点区域序列分配至移动机器人。
在本发明实施例中,通过对节点区域的分配和管理来实现对多移动机器人的调度,能够有效监测移动机器人在密集区域中的移动状态;并且,根据历史节点区域的分配来确定当前路径规划,不需要服务器重新计算节点区域的分配,提高了计算效率,优化了服务器的响应效率,同时也提高了密集区域移动机器人的运输效率。
可选的,关于S204的执行,可以是基于引入了时间变量的节点资源表来实施的,由此更方便规划移动机器人的全程运行动态。具体的,首先,根据移动机器人的第一历史节点区域序列建立节点资源表,其中节点资源表中记录有节点区域ID和占用时间之间的对应关系。另外,控制移动机器人按照节点资源表中的占用时间,占用相应的节点区域ID的节点区域。由此,将节点区域作为一种可分配的资源进行管理,并引入了关于节点区域的占用时间作为变量对其进行维护,如图5所示,在坐标中,x、y轴分别表示二维空间中位置,而z轴为时间坐标。随着时间的推移,可以根据移动机器人的规划路径,计算出移动机器人在某一时刻的三维坐标,例如可以在图5所示的三维坐标轴上显示出移动机器人从当前位置节点区域S运行到目标节点区域T在各个时刻下的轨迹及坐标。具体的,由于移动机器人从进入到离开某一个节点是一个过程,需要一段时间进行,因此节点资源表中的占用时间可以是指代时间段。
在一可选实施方式下,可以是在节点资源表中对所有的移动机器人作全局管理和维护。具体的,节点资源表中记录有移动机器人ID、节点区域ID和占用时间三者之间的对应关系,以及多个移动机器人ID分别对应于预定区域内的多个移动机器人。在全局管理多个移动机器人的过程中,可以是控制多个移动机器人分别按照节点资源表中各自的移动机器人ID所对应的占用时间,占用相应的节点区域ID的节点区域,其中多个移动机器人ID中的任意两者在节点资源表中不共同对应同一节点区域ID下的同一占用时间。
继续如上所描述的,在移动机器人A0从当前位置节点区域S运行到目标节点区域T的过程中,其会自主绕开静止障碍物,但是无法消除与其他运行中的移动机器人之间的碰撞冲突;为此,在节点资源表中记录了移动机器人ID、节点区域ID和占用时间三者之间的对应关系,并且多个移动机器人ID中的任意两者在节点资源表中不共同对应同一节点区域ID下的同一占用时间。可以理解的是,每一移动机器人可以是被配置有唯一的移动机器人ID(例如A0、A1等),以及每一节点区域也可以是被配置有唯一的节点区域ID(如图4所示的)。
如图6所示的是本发明一实施例的节点资源表的示例,其是节点资源表进行降维处理之后的所得到的结果,其示例性地表示了当前时间0下位于73号节点区域的移动机器人A0规划前往目标区域31号节点的资源分配情况,以及当前时间0下位于55号节点的移动机器人A1规划前往目标节点19号节点的资源分配情况。从图6中可以看出来,每个节点ID对于某一个时间的资源都是唯一的,其可以通过哈希表进行标识,例 如占用时间为1的73号节点区域和占用时间为2的73号节点区域就是不同的资源。并且,为不同的移动机器人之间(例如A0和A1)所分配的资源没有重合的,也就是多个移动机器人ID中的任意两者在节点资源表中不共同对应同一节点区域ID下的同一占用时间。
由此,通过节点资源表,集中管理多个移动机器人的运行,使得不同的两个机器人在运行过程中不会抢占相同的资源,也就是不会有两个移动机器人在按照规划路径运行移动的过程中同时出现在同一个节点区域中,有效避免了移动机器人在运行过程中与其他移动机器人之间的冲突问题;同时,通过本发明实施例的实施,实现了对资源的合理分配,保障了在不发生冲突的前提下,密闭区域的空间资源能够被高效地利用,增加并发任务的数量,优化了空间内移动机器人的运输效率。通过多次有效实验,在移动机器人的占地面积按照1.44平方米来计算,单个移动机器人所需要的空间大小小于7平方米,使得在实现一定的运输效率的情况下,密集区域例如厂区的整体面积可以得到减小,从而节约成本。
如图7所示,本发明一实施例的多移动机器人的调度系统70,包括:初始信息获取单元701,配置为获取对应于初始位置和规划路径的多组历史节点区域序列,其中所述规划路径是所述移动机器人所自主规划的、且能够绕开包括多个节点区域的预定区域内的障碍物,以及所述历史节点区域序列是根据所述移动机器人的所述初始位置和所述规划路径而为所述移动机器人所分配的,其中所述移动机器人被配置成只从经分配的节点序列通过;统计单元702,配置为统计所述移动机器人执行所述多组历史节点区域序列时所对应的历史执行参数;历史节点选择单元703,配置为当检测到关于将所述移动机器人从所述初始位置调度到所述规划路径的调度请求时,基于所述历史执行参数的统计结果从所述多组历史节点区域序列中选择第一历史节点区域序列;节点分配单元704,配置为将所选择的所述第一历史节点区域序列分配至所述移动机器人。
在一些实施方式中,所述历史执行参数包括历史拥堵指标,以及所述历史节点选择单元配置为从所述多组历史节点区域序列中确定历史拥堵指标最低的那一组历史节点区域序列,并将其作为所述第一历史节点区域序列,其中所述历史拥堵指标是基于所述移动机器人执行通过历史节点区域序列所对应的节点序列距离和路径执行时长所确定的。
在一些实施方式中,所述历史执行参数包括历史节点区域序列的被分配频次,其中所述基于所述历史执行参数的统计结果从所述多组历史节点区域序列中选择第一历 史节点区域序列包括:从所述多组历史节点区域序列中确定被分配频次最高的那一组历史节点区域序列,并将其作为所述第一历史节点区域序列。
在一些实施方式中,该系统还包括:节点资源表建立单元,配置为在将所选择的所述第一历史节点区域序列分配至所述移动机器人之后,根据所述移动机器人的所述第一历史节点区域序列建立节点资源表,其中所述节点资源表中记录有节点区域ID和占用时间之间的对应关系;控制占用单元,配置为控制所述移动机器人按照所述节点资源表中的占用时间,占用相应的节点区域ID的节点区域。
在一些实施方式中,所述节点资源表中记录有移动机器人ID、节点区域ID和占用时间三者之间的对应关系,以及多个所述移动机器人ID分别对应于所述预定区域内的多个移动机器人,其中所述控制占用单元配置为控制所述多个移动机器人分别按照所述节点资源表中各自的移动机器人ID所对应的占用时间,占用相应的节点区域ID的节点区域,其中所述多个移动机器人ID中的任意两者在所述节点资源表中不共同对应同一节点区域ID下的同一占用时间。
需说明的是,本发明实施例所提供的多移动机器人的调度系统可以是搭建在用于集中管理多移动机器人的服务器上的,并且如上所述的各个单元和模块可以是指代程序模块或单元。以及,关于本发明实施例系统的更多的细节和相应的技术效果可以参照上文方法实施例的描述,在此便不再赘述。
上述本发明实施例的系统可用于执行本发明中相应的方法实施例,并相应的达到上述本发明方法实施例所达到的技术效果,这里不再赘述。
本发明实施例中可以通过硬件处理器(hardware processor)来实现相关功能模块。
另一方面,本发明实施例提供一种存储介质,其上存储有计算机程序,该程序被处理器执行如上服务器所执行的多移动机器人的调度方法的步骤。
上述产品可执行本申请实施例所提供的方法,具备执行方法相应的功能模块和有益效果。未在本实施例中详尽描述的技术细节,可参见本申请实施例所提供的方法。
以上结合附图详细描述了本发明实施例的可选实施方式,但是,本发明实施例并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节,在本发明实施例的技术构思范围内,可以对本发明实施例的技术方案进行多种简单变型,这些简单变型均属于本发明实施例的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是,在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征,在不矛盾的情况下,可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合。为了避免不必要的重复,本发明实施例对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
本领域技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分步骤是可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件来完成,该程序存储在一个存储介质中,包括若干指令用以使得单片机、芯片或处理器(processor)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括:U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM,Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM,Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
此外,本发明实施例的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合,只要其不违背本发明实施例的思想,其同样应当视为本发明实施例所公开的内容。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种多移动机器人的调度方法,该方法包括:
    获取对应于初始位置和规划路径的多组历史节点区域序列,其中所述规划路径是所述移动机器人所自主规划的、且能够绕开包括多个节点区域的预定区域内的障碍物,以及所述历史节点区域序列是根据所述移动机器人的所述初始位置和所述规划路径而为所述移动机器人所分配的,其中所述移动机器人被配置成只从经分配的节点序列通过;
    统计所述移动机器人执行所述多组历史节点区域序列时所对应的历史执行参数;
    当检测到关于将所述移动机器人从所述初始位置调度到所述规划路径的调度请求时,基于所述历史执行参数的统计结果从所述多组历史节点区域序列中选择第一历史节点区域序列,以及
    将所选择的所述第一历史节点区域序列分配至所述移动机器人。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述历史执行参数包括历史拥堵指标,其中所述基于所述历史执行参数的统计结果从所述多组历史节点区域序列中选择第一历史节点区域序列包括:
    从所述多组历史节点区域序列中确定历史拥堵指标最低的那一组历史节点区域序列,并将其作为所述第一历史节点区域序列,其中所述历史拥堵指标是基于所述移动机器人执行通过历史节点区域序列所对应的节点序列距离和路径执行时长所确定的。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述历史执行参数包括历史节点区域序列的被分配频次,其中所述基于所述历史执行参数的统计结果从所述多组历史节点区域序列中选择第一历史节点区域序列包括:
    从所述多组历史节点区域序列中确定被分配频次最高的那一组历史节点区域序列,并将其作为所述第一历史节点区域序列。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述将所选择的所述第一历史节点区域序列分配至所述移动机器人,该方法还包括:
    根据所述移动机器人的所述第一历史节点区域序列建立节点资源表,其中所述节点资源表中记录有节点区域ID和占用时间之间的对应关系;
    控制所述移动机器人按照所述节点资源表中的占用时间,占用相应的节点区域ID的节点区域。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,所述节点资源表中记录有移动机器人ID、节点区域ID和占用时间三者之间的对应关系,以及多个所述移动机器人ID分别对应于所述预定区域内的多个移动机器人,其中所述控制所述移动机器人按照所述节点资源表中的占用时间,占用相应的节点区域ID的节点区域包括:
    控制所述多个移动机器人分别按照所述节点资源表中各自的移动机器人ID所对应的占用时间,占用相应的节点区域ID的节点区域,其中所述多个移动机器人ID中的任意两者在所述节点资源表中不共同对应同一节点区域ID下的同一占用时间。
  6. 一种多移动机器人的调度系统,该系统包括:
    初始信息获取单元,配置为获取对应于初始位置和规划路径的多组历史节点区域序列,其中所述规划路径是所述移动机器人所自主规划的、且能够绕开包括多个节点区域的预定区域内的障碍物,以及所述历史节点区域序列是根据所述移动机器人的所述初始位置和所述规划路径而为所述移动机器人所分配的,其中所述移动机器人被配置成只从经分配的节点序列通过;
    统计单元,配置为统计所述移动机器人执行所述多组历史节点区域序列时所对应的历史执行参数;
    历史节点选择单元,配置为当检测到关于将所述移动机器人从所述初始位置调度到所述规划路径的调度请求时,基于所述历史执行参数的统计结果从所述多组历史节点区域序列中选择第一历史节点区域序列;
    节点分配单元,配置为将所选择的所述第一历史节点区域序列分配至所述移动机器人。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的系统,其特征在于,所述历史执行参数包括历史拥堵指标,以及所述历史节点选择单元配置为从所述多组历史节点区域序列中确定历史拥堵指标最低的那一组历史节点区域序列,并将其作为所述第一历史节点区域序列,其中所述历史拥堵指标是基于所述移动机器人执行通过历史节点区域序列所对应的节点序列距离和路径执行时长所确定的。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的系统,其特征在于,所述历史执行参数包括历史节点区域序列的被分配频次,其中所述基于所述历史执行参数的统计结果从所述多组历史节点区域序列中选择第一历史节点区域序列包括:
    从所述多组历史节点区域序列中确定被分配频次最高的那一组历史节点区域序列,并将其作为所述第一历史节点区域序列。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的系统,其特征在于,该系统还包括:
    节点资源表建立单元,配置为在将所选择的所述第一历史节点区域序列分配至所述移动机器人之后,根据所述移动机器人的所述第一历史节点区域序列建立节点资源表,其中所述节点资源表中记录有节点区域ID和占用时间之间的对应关系;
    控制占用单元,配置为控制所述移动机器人按照所述节点资源表中的占用时间,占用相应的节点区域ID的节点区域。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的系统,其特征在于,所述节点资源表中记录有移动机器人ID、节点区域ID和占用时间三者之间的对应关系,以及多个所述移动机器人ID分别对应于所述预定区域内的多个移动机器人,其中所述控制占用单元配置为控制所述多个移动机器人分别按照所述节点资源表中各自的移动机器人ID所对应的占用时间,占用相应的节点区域ID的节点区域,其中所述多个移动机器人ID中的任意两者在所述节点资源表中不共同对应同一节点区域ID下的同一占用时间。
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