WO2019141223A1 - 移动机器人的路径规划方法及系统 - Google Patents

移动机器人的路径规划方法及系统 Download PDF

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WO2019141223A1
WO2019141223A1 PCT/CN2019/072262 CN2019072262W WO2019141223A1 WO 2019141223 A1 WO2019141223 A1 WO 2019141223A1 CN 2019072262 W CN2019072262 W CN 2019072262W WO 2019141223 A1 WO2019141223 A1 WO 2019141223A1
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path
mobile robot
planned
standard
value
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PCT/CN2019/072262
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English (en)
French (fr)
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刘清
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库卡机器人(广东)有限公司
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/02Control of position or course in two dimensions
    • G05D1/021Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
    • G05D1/0212Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles with means for defining a desired trajectory
    • G05D1/0217Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles with means for defining a desired trajectory in accordance with energy consumption, time reduction or distance reduction criteria
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01CMEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C21/00Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
    • G01C21/20Instruments for performing navigational calculations
    • G01C21/206Instruments for performing navigational calculations specially adapted for indoor navigation
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/02Control of position or course in two dimensions
    • G05D1/021Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
    • G05D1/0268Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using internal positioning means
    • G05D1/0274Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using internal positioning means using mapping information stored in a memory device

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  • the present invention relates to the field of robot technology, and in particular, to a path planning method and system for a mobile robot.
  • the robot has good conflict resolution capability through the current local environment information of the robot.
  • the second is centralized management conflict resolution, which is mainly to eliminate conflicts by segmenting the motion path of the robot.
  • the inventors of the present application found in the prior art that at least the following drawbacks exist in the prior art:
  • the distributed method is simple in operation, real-time and flexible, but due to local poles, often The task cannot be completed completely.
  • the centralized management method can perform the task more accurately, but it is very easy to cause the robot to run the path conflict.
  • the optimal solution is found, but the calculation amount is large, which occupies a large amount of resources of the server, resulting in real-time. Poor sex. For this reason, the industry still cannot propose a better solution.
  • the object of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a path planning method and system for a multi-mobile robot, which is used to at least solve the technical problem that the centralized management method in the prior art has a large amount of calculation and consumes a large amount of resources of the server. .
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a path planning method for a mobile robot, including: receiving a first planned path from a mobile robot, wherein the first planned path is autonomously planned by the mobile robot in a predetermined area. a shortest path from a current location of the mobile robot to a target location; planning a second planning path different from the first planning path for the mobile robot; and segmenting based on the pre-stored standard path and corresponding to the standard path Determining a static path value of the segment, determining a first path cost value and a second path cost value respectively corresponding to the first planning path and the second planning path, wherein the path cost value and the expected consumption of the mobile robot execution path a positive correlation between the time; comparing the first path cost value with the second path cost value, and transmitting a corresponding control command to the mobile robot according to the comparison result, wherein the mobile robot can identify the control command and follow The first planned path or the second planned path moves.
  • the pre-stored standard path segmentation and the static path cost value corresponding to the standard path segment determine a first path cost value corresponding to the first planning path and the second planning path respectively
  • the second path generation value includes: dividing the first planned path into the first group of standard path segments according to the standard path segment, and dividing the second planned path into the second group of standard path segments, where
  • the standard path segment includes one or more of: a vertical path segment and/or a horizontal path segment; and a static path generation corresponding to each standard path segment under the first group of standard path segments
  • the value is used to determine the first path cost value
  • the second path cost value is determined according to a static path cost value corresponding to each standard path segment under the second set of standard path segments.
  • the sending, according to the comparison result, a corresponding control instruction to the mobile robot, wherein the mobile robot capable of identifying the control instruction and moving according to the first planning path or the second planning path comprises: when When the comparison result indicates that the second path generation value is less than the first path generation value, sending a corresponding second control instruction to the mobile robot, so that the mobile robot executes the second control instruction and according to the The second planned path moves.
  • the predetermined area includes a plurality of node areas, wherein the control instruction includes allocation information of the node area, wherein the mobile robot is capable of identifying the control instruction to follow the first planned path or the The second planning path moves, and the mobile robot is configured to pass only from the assigned node area.
  • the receiving, by the mobile robot, the first planning path includes: sending a scheduling command to the mobile robot, where the scheduling command includes target location information of the mobile robot; and in response to the scheduling command, from the The mobile robot receives a first planned path, wherein the planned path is determined by the mobile robot by an A* algorithm calculation based on the target position information.
  • a path planning system for a mobile robot including: a first path acquiring unit configured to receive a first planned path from a mobile robot, wherein the first planned path is a destination within a predetermined area a shortest path from the current position of the mobile robot to the target position that is independently planned by the mobile robot; the second path acquiring unit is configured to plan a second planned path different from the first planned path for the mobile robot; a determining unit, configured to determine, according to the pre-stored standard path segmentation and the static path cost corresponding to the standard path segment, the first path value corresponding to the first planned path and the second planned path respectively And a second path generation value, wherein the path generation value is positively correlated with a desired time consumed by the mobile robot execution path; the path control unit is configured to compare the first path cost value with the second path cost value, And sending a corresponding control instruction to the mobile robot according to the comparison result, wherein the mobile robot The control command can be identified and moved according to the first planned path or the second planned path.
  • the cost determination unit includes: a path segmentation module, configured to divide the first planned path into the first group of standard path segments according to the standard path segment, and configure the second planned path Divided into a second set of standard path segments, wherein the standard path segment includes one or more of: a vertical path segment and/or a horizontal path segment; a static value statistics module configured to be according to the Determining the first path cost value by a static path cost value corresponding to each standard path segment under a set of standard path segments, and statically corresponding to each standard path segment according to the second group of standard path segments The path represents value to determine the second path cost value.
  • a path segmentation module configured to divide the first planned path into the first group of standard path segments according to the standard path segment, and configure the second planned path Divided into a second set of standard path segments, wherein the standard path segment includes one or more of: a vertical path segment and/or a horizontal path segment
  • a static value statistics module configured to be according to the Determining the first path cost value by a static path cost
  • the path control unit includes: a second path control module, configured to send a corresponding second control command when the comparison result indicates that the second path generation value is less than the first path generation value
  • the mobile robot is configured to cause the mobile robot to execute the second control command and move according to the second planning path.
  • the predetermined area includes a plurality of node areas, wherein the control instruction includes allocation information of the node area, and the mobile robot is capable of identifying the control instruction to follow the first planned path or the The second planning path moves, and the mobile robot is configured to pass only from the assigned node area.
  • the first path obtaining unit includes: a scheduling command sending module, configured to send a scheduling command to the mobile robot, where the scheduling command includes target location information of the mobile robot; a planning path receiving module, configured In response to the scheduling command, a first planning path is received from the mobile robot, wherein the planning path is determined by the mobile robot by an A* algorithm calculation based on the target location information.
  • a scheduling command sending module configured to send a scheduling command to the mobile robot, where the scheduling command includes target location information of the mobile robot
  • a planning path receiving module configured In response to the scheduling command, a first planning path is received from the mobile robot, wherein the planning path is determined by the mobile robot by an A* algorithm calculation based on the target location information.
  • the planned path planned by the mobile robot and the path planned by the server can be compared to ensure that the path executed by the mobile robot is the most efficient path.
  • the entire path calculation process of the server is based on static generation value, and the calculation process is simple, and the mobile robot can ensure the response efficiency of the server and improve the transmission efficiency of the mobile robot.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a map of a dense area of a path planning method for a multi-mobile robot according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a path planning method for a multi-mobile robot according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for acquiring a planned path of a mobile robot according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a path planning performed by a server on a mobile robot according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 7 is a block diagram showing the structure of a path planning system for a mobile robot according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Path planning system for more than 70 mobile robots 704 Path planning unit
  • a plurality of obstacles B1, B2, etc., a plurality of mobile robots A0, A1, etc., and a plurality of maps are arranged in a map of a dense area of a path planning method for a multi-mobile robot according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the dense area may be predetermined according to needs, for example, it may refer to an area in the warehouse
  • the plurality of mobile robots A0, A1 may refer to a plurality of logistics robots, and through the mobile robots A0, A1 Running the move can carry the goods, but when multiple logistics robots are running at the same time, it may cause conflicts.
  • the sizes of the different node regions N1 and N2 may be equal, which may be formed by equally dividing the map of the dense regions. It should be noted that the path planning method of the embodiment of the present invention may be performed by a server that centrally manages the plurality of mobile robots. It should be understood that the description of the map and the node area shown in FIG. 1 is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention, that is, the implementation of the embodiment of the present invention may not need to divide the node area for a predetermined area. .
  • a path planning method for a mobile robot includes:
  • S201 Receive a first planning path from a mobile robot, where the first planning path is a shortest path from a current location of the mobile robot to a target location that is planned by the mobile robot in a predetermined area.
  • the mobile robot may be an AGV (Automated Guided Vehicle), and the method for receiving the first planned path is described, including S301:
  • the server sends a scheduling command to the mobile robot, where the scheduling command includes target node area information of each mobile robot.
  • the mobile robot calculates respective corresponding planning paths according to the target node region information and through the A* algorithm.
  • the mobile robot sends the calculated planning path to the server.
  • a corresponding subsequent processing is performed to ensure that the path conflict does not occur during the execution of the planned path by the mobile robot.
  • the mobile robot A0 is receiving After the scheduling command, the node node area of the current position needs to reach the target node area No. 31.
  • the mobile robot A0 calculates the shortest path to the target node area No. 31 by the A* algorithm, but the shortest path is not necessarily mobile. The most efficient path for robots to perform mobile tasks.
  • the other planned paths corresponding to the initial position and the ending position of the first planned path may be planned as the second planned path, and the second planned path may be all the paths except the first planned path. It may be other predetermined number of paths after the first planned path, which is not limited herein. Moreover, the manner of planning the second planned path should not be limited here.
  • the planned path received from the mobile robot may not represent the most efficient path (as explained below), so the server needs to plan the path separately to ensure that the mobile robot can efficiently complete the planned path.
  • the additional computing path is bound to increase the burden of the processing resource consumption of the server.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further discloses the problem of using the static value of the standard path to reduce the resource consumption.
  • S203 Determine, according to the pre-stored standard path segmentation and the static path cost value corresponding to the standard path segment, the first path cost value and the second corresponding to the first planning path and the second planning path respectively.
  • the path generation value wherein the path generation value is positively correlated with the expected time consumed by the mobile robot execution path;
  • the greater the value of the path generation, the longer the time taken by the mobile robot to execute the planned path, and the positive correlation coefficient between the two may be undefined.
  • the positive correlation coefficient may be a mobile robot with different dynamic performance. There are differences.
  • the calculation of the value of the path generation is not limited here, but it should be noted that the calculation of the value of the path value in real time consumes more resources than the value based on the value of the static path.
  • the path value can be determined by:
  • T(C) M*t(F)+N*t(R)+K*t(B) (1)
  • T(C) represents the intermediate calculated value
  • t(F), t(R) and t(B) respectively represent the surrogate value corresponding to the straight-line, turn and retreat information of the planned path
  • M, N, and K respectively.
  • f(C) represents the cost value corresponding to the distance of the shortest planned path planned by the mobile robot
  • represents the weight value assigned to the distance of the shortest planned path
  • F(C) represents the obtained from all the information. Path generation value.
  • the intermediate calculated value of T(C) in the formula (1) may be a comprehensive state calculated value determined by analyzing the respective path states of the planned path, wherein different states are given different weight values, and the guarantee is provided.
  • the obtained F(C) can accurately reflect the path state of the planned path.
  • F(C) is the reference of the distance of the planned path as part of the reference, not the full reference, and introduces T(C). Since the path state has an effect on the efficiency of the mobile robot's execution path, F(( The value of C) can reflect the efficiency of the mobile robot's execution path more than the shortest path.
  • the mobile robot performs a scheduling task from A to B.
  • the number of node regions (corresponding distances) of the shortest path calculated according to the A* algorithm is 7
  • the number of node regions planned according to another algorithm is 11.
  • the path value corresponding to the shortest path is greater than the path value corresponding to the longer path, that is, the mobile robot should perform a longer path more efficiently than the shortest path.
  • the first planned path is divided into the first group of standard path segments according to the standard path segment
  • the second planned path is divided into the second group of standard path segments, where the standard path segment is segmented.
  • a vertical path segment, a horizontal path segment, and/or a turning path segment Including one or more of the following: a vertical path segment, a horizontal path segment, and/or a turning path segment; and a static path value corresponding to each standard path segment under the first group of standard path segments Determining the first path cost value, and determining the second path cost value according to the static path cost value corresponding to each standard path segment under the second group of standard path segments.
  • the standard path optionally a straight line, or a path segment with a turn, and static storage of such a path. Illustratively, as shown in FIG.
  • the path cost values of point A to point B, point A to point C, point A to point D may be pre-computed and stored, and the path for point A to point E is dotted.
  • the path of the identification is relatively complicated, especially if there are other mobile robots in the area that may not directly follow the path, and the path from point A to point E may not be stored statically.
  • the static calculation process disclosed in this embodiment has a faster response time.
  • the node area is represented by a matrix as follows:
  • the distance between the nodes may be pre-calculated according to factors such as the path state by an algorithm such as a model, for example, the path cost value of A1 to A2 is 1, the A1 to A5 is 2, the A1 to A6 is 3, and the like.
  • the server has statically stored the cost values F(A1, A2) of A1 to A2 and the cost value F(A2, A3) of A2 to A3, then the path cost value via A1-A2-A3 is equal to F ( A1, A2) + F (A2, A3).
  • the amount of calculation is greatly reduced, the processing resource consumption of the server is reduced, and the response performance is improved.
  • the path corresponding to the longer path is smaller than the value of the path corresponding to the shortest path, it indicates that the expected time corresponding to the longer path is smaller than the shortest path.
  • the path is distributed to the mobile robot in the form of control commands, allowing the mobile robot to perform the movement in accordance with the longer path.
  • the mobile robot can also perform the shortest path, but the difference is that the path performed by the mobile robot can be guaranteed to be the most efficient path.
  • the entire process based on static generation value calculation does not involve the calculation of the model, and the calculation process is simple, which can ensure the efficient response of the mobile robot and ensure the response efficiency of the server and improve the transmission efficiency of the mobile robot.
  • the control instruction may include allocation information of the node area, wherein the mobile robot is capable of identifying the control instruction to move according to the first planning path or the second planning path, and the mobile robot is configured to only from the assigned node
  • the area passes, for example, the mobile robot performs the movement only after receiving the allocation information of the node area from the server, even though the mobile robot may have determined the planned route autonomously. Therefore, by assigning the node area information, the mobile robot can be controlled not to execute the shortest path, but to perform a more efficient long path, and the node resource table is globally managed and maintained by the node resource table, thereby ensuring the global management and maintenance of the node resources in the predetermined area. Multiple mobile robots do not conflict when implementing mobile tasks. For example, one node resource is not assigned to two mobile robots at the same time.
  • a path planning system 70 for a mobile robot includes: a first path acquiring unit 701 configured to receive a first planned path from a mobile robot, wherein the first planned path is a predetermined area a shortest path from the current position of the mobile robot to the target position, which is independently planned by the mobile robot; the second path obtaining unit 702 is configured to plan a second different from the first planned path for the mobile robot a planning path; the value determining unit 703 is configured to determine that the first planning path and the second planning path respectively correspond to the pre-stored standard path segmentation and the static path cost corresponding to the standard path segment a first path cost value and a second path cost value, wherein the path cost value is positively correlated with a desired time consumed by the mobile robot execution path; the path control unit 704 is configured to compare the first path value and the value Decoding a second path value, and sending a corresponding control instruction to the mobile robot according to the comparison result, wherein the moving The robot can recognize the movement control
  • the cost value determining unit 703 includes: a path segmentation module configured to divide the first plan path into a first set of standard path segments according to the standard path segment, and The second planning path is divided into a second set of standard path segments, wherein the standard path segment includes one or more of the following: a vertical path segment and/or a horizontal path segment; a static value statistics module configured to be Determining, by the static path value corresponding to each standard path segment under the first set of standard path segments, the first path cost value, and the standard path segmentation according to the second group of standard path segments The corresponding static path value is used to determine the second path cost value.
  • the path control unit 704 includes: a second path control module configured to send a corresponding second when the comparison result indicates that the second path cost value is less than the first path cost value Controlling instructions to the mobile robot to cause the mobile robot to execute the second control command and move in accordance with the second planning path.
  • the predetermined area includes a plurality of node areas, wherein the control instruction includes allocation information of the node area, and the mobile robot is capable of identifying the control instruction to follow the first planned path or The second planning path moves, and the mobile robot is configured to pass only from the allocated node area.
  • the first path obtaining unit 701 includes: a scheduling command sending module configured to send a scheduling command to the mobile robot, wherein the scheduling command includes target location information of the mobile robot; planning path receiving And a module configured to receive a first planning path from the mobile robot in response to the scheduling command, wherein the planning path is determined by the mobile robot by an A* algorithm calculation based on the target location information.
  • the path planning system of the multi-mobile robot provided by the embodiment of the present invention may be built on a server for centrally managing multiple mobile robots, and each unit and module as described above may refer to a program module. Or unit.
  • each unit and module as described above may refer to a program module. Or unit.
  • system of the embodiments of the present invention may be used to implement the corresponding method embodiments of the present invention, and correspondingly achieve the technical effects achieved by the foregoing method embodiments of the present invention, and details are not described herein again.
  • a related function module can be implemented by a hardware processor.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a storage medium on which a computer program is stored, the program being executed by the processor as a step of a path planning method of a multi-mobile robot executed by the server.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like. .

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Abstract

本发明实施例提供一种移动机器人的路径规划方法及系统,属于机器人领域。所述移动机器人的路径规划方法包括从移动机器人接收第一规划路径,其中第一规划路径是预定区域内的由移动机器人自主规划的;为移动机器人规划第二规划路径;基于预存储的标准路径分段和对应标准路径分段的静态路径代价值,确定第一规划路径和第二规划路径所分别对应的第一路径代价值和第二路径代价值;比较第一路径代价值和第二路径代价值,并根据比较结果发送相应的控制指令至移动机器人,其中移动机器人能够识别控制指令并按照第一规划路径或第二规划路径移动。由此,保障移动机器人高效运作的基础,并提高服务器的响应效率和移动机器人的传输效率。

Description

移动机器人的路径规划方法及系统
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2018年01月19日提交的中国专利申请201810055324.3的权益,该申请的内容通过引用被合并于本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及机器人技术领域,具体地涉及一种移动机器人的路径规划方法及系统。
背景技术
在密集区域(例如物流仓库区域)内布设多个移动机器人,并由这些移动机器人来完成诸如搬运货物的任务,以替代人工劳动,是目前物联网领域的研究重点。
为了避免密集区域中的多个移动机器人之间在作业时候的碰撞,目前一般采用了如下两种不同的处理方案:其一,是通过机器人当前的局部环境信息,让机器人具有良好的冲突消解能力;其二,是集中管理式冲突消解,其主要是通过将机器人的运动路径分段来消除冲突。
但是,本申请的发明人在实践本申请的过程中发现上述现有技术中至少存在如下缺陷:其一,分布式方法虽然运算简单、实时性和灵活性强,但由于会出现局部极点,往往无法完整地完成任务;其二,集中管理式方法能够较精确地执行任务,但极容易导致机器人运行路径冲突,通常要寻找最优解,但计算量很大,占用服务器大量的资源,导致实时性差。对此目前业界仍然无法提出较佳的解决方案。
发明内容
本发明实施例的目的是提供一种多移动机器人的路径规划方法及系统,用以至少解决现有技术中集中管理式方法计算量很大,占用服务器大量的资源所导致的实时性差的技术问题。
为了实现上述目的,本发明实施例提供一种移动机器人的路径规划方法,包括:从移动机器人接收第一规划路径,其中所述第一规划路径是预定区域内的由所述移动机器人所自主规划的从移动机器人的当前位置到目标位置的最短路径;为所述移动机器人规划不同于所述第一规划路径的第二规划路径;以及基于预存储的标准路径分段和对应 所述标准路径分段的静态路径代价值,确定所述第一规划路径和所述第二规划路径所分别对应的第一路径代价值和第二路径代价值,其中路径代价值与移动机器人执行路径所消耗的期望时间之间呈正相关关系;比较所述第一路径代价值和所述第二路径代价值,并根据比较结果发送相应的控制指令至移动机器人,其中所述移动机器人能够识别所述控制指令并按照所述第一规划路径或所述第二规划路径移动。
可选的,所述基于预存储的标准路径分段和对应所述标准路径分段的静态路径代价值确定所述第一规划路径和所述第二规划路径所分别对应的第一路径代价值和第二路径代价值包括:根据所述标准路径分段,将第一规划路径划分为第一组标准路径分段,并将所述第二规划路径划分为第二组标准路径分段,其中所述标准路径分段包括以下中一者或多者:竖直路径分段和/或水平路径分段;根据所述第一组标准路径分段下各标准路径分段所对应的静态路径代价值来确定所述第一路径代价值,以及根据所述第二组标准路径分段下各标准路径分段所对应的静态路径代价值的来确定所述第二路径代价值。
可选的,所述根据比较结果发送相应的控制指令至移动机器人,其中所述移动机器人能够识别所述控制指令并按照所述第一规划路径或所述第二规划路径移动包括:当所述比较结果指示所述第二路径代价值小于所述第一路径代价值时,发送相应的第二控制指令至所述移动机器人,以令所述移动机器人执行所述第二控制指令并按照所述第二规划路径移动。
可选的,所述预定区域包括多个节点区域,其中所述控制指令包括所述节点区域的分配信息,其中所述移动机器人能够识别所述控制指令以按照所述第一规划路径或所述第二规划路径移动,以及所述移动机器人被配置成只从经分配的所述节点区域通过。
可选的,所述从移动机器人接收第一规划路径包括:向所述移动机器人发送调度命令,其中所述调度命令包含所述移动机器人的目标位置信息;响应于所述调度命令,从所述移动机器人接收第一规划路径,其中所述规划路径为所述移动机器人根据所述目标位置信息通过A*算法计算所确定的。
本发明实施例另一方面提供一种移动机器人的路径规划系统,包括:第一路径获取单元,配置为从移动机器人接收第一规划路径,其中所述第一规划路径是预定区域内的由所述移动机器人所自主规划的从移动机器人的当前位置到目标位置的最短路径;第二路径获取单元,配置为为所述移动机器人规划不同于所述第一规划路径的第二规划路径;代价值确定单元,配置为基于预存储的标准路径分段和对应所述标准路径分段的静态路径代价值,确定所述第一规划路径和所述第二规划路径所分别对应的第一路径代价 值和第二路径代价值,其中路径代价值与移动机器人执行路径所消耗的期望时间之间呈正相关关系;路径控制单元,配置为比较所述第一路径代价值和所述第二路径代价值,并根据比较结果发送相应的控制指令至移动机器人,其中所述移动机器人能够识别所述控制指令并按照所述第一规划路径或所述第二规划路径移动。
可选的,所述代价值确定单元包括:路径分段模块,配置为根据所述标准路径分段,将第一规划路径划分为第一组标准路径分段,并将所述第二规划路径划分为第二组标准路径分段,其中所述标准路径分段包括以下中一者或多者:竖直路径分段和/或水平路径分段;静态值统计模块,配置为根据所述第一组标准路径分段下各标准路径分段所对应的静态路径代价值来确定所述第一路径代价值,以及根据所述第二组标准路径分段下各标准路径分段所对应的静态路径代价值的来确定所述第二路径代价值。
可选的,所述路径控制单元包括:第二路径控制模块,配置为当所述比较结果指示所述第二路径代价值小于所述第一路径代价值时,发送相应的第二控制指令至所述移动机器人,以令所述移动机器人执行所述第二控制指令并按照所述第二规划路径移动。
可选的,所述预定区域包括多个节点区域,其中所述控制指令包括所述节点区域的分配信息,所述移动机器人能够识别所述控制指令以按照所述第一规划路径或所述第二规划路径移动,以及所述移动机器人被配置成只从经分配的所述节点区域通过。
可选的,所述第一路径获取单元包括:调度命令发送模块,配置为向所述移动机器人发送调度命令,其中所述调度命令包含所述移动机器人的目标位置信息;规划路径接收模块,配置为响应于所述调度命令,从所述移动机器人接收第一规划路径,其中所述规划路径为所述移动机器人根据所述目标位置信息通过A*算法计算所确定的。
通过上述技术方案,能够将移动机器人所自主规划的规划路径和服务器规划的路径进行对比,保证移动机器人所执行的路径是最高效的路径。并且,服务器的整个路径计算过程是基于静态代价值来进行的,计算过程简单,能保障移动机器人高效运作的基础上还能够保障服务器的响应效率,提高移动机器人的传输效率。
本发明实施例的其它特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
附图说明
附图是用来提供对本发明实施例的进一步理解,并且构成说明书的一部分,与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本发明实施例,但并不构成对本发明实施例的限制。在附图中:
图1是实施本发明一实施例的多移动机器人的路径规划方法的密集区域的地图示例;
图2是本发明一实施例的多移动机器人的路径规划方法的流程图;
图3是本发明一实施例中关于获取移动机器人的规划路径方法的流程图;
图4是本发明一实施例中关于预定区域的节点分布表的示例;
图5是本发明实施例服务器对移动机器人实施路径规划的示意图;
图6是本发明实施例关于标准路径分段选择的示例;
图7是本发明一实施例的移动机器人的路径规划系统的结构框图。
附图标记说明
A1、A0、 移动机器人              B1、B2   障碍物
N1、N2   节点                    702      第二路径规划单元
701      第一路径获取单元        703      代价值确定单元
70多移动机器人的路径规划系统     704      路径规划单元
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明实施例的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是,此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明实施例,并不用于限制本发明实施例。
如图1所示,在实施本发明一实施例的多移动机器人的路径规划方法的密集区域的地图中标注了多个障碍物B1、B2等,多个移动机器人A0、A1等,以及多个节点区域N1、N2等。其中,该密集区域可以是根据需要所预定的,例如其可以是指代仓库内的区域,该多个移动机器人A0、A1可以是指代多个物流机器人,以及通过该移动机器人A0、A1的运行移动,可以实现搬运货物,但是在多个物流机器人同时运行的时候,可能会导致冲突。其中,不同的节点区域N1、N2的大小可以是相等的,其可以通过对密集区域的地图作等比例划分所形成的。需说明的是,本发明实施例的路径规划方法可以是由集中管理该多个移动机器人的服务器所执行的。以及,可以理解的是,该图1所示的地图及节点区域的描述,并不旨在限定本发明的保护范围,也就是本发明实施例的实施也可以不需要为预定区域划分节点区域等。
如图2所示,本发明一实施例的移动机器人的路径规划方法,包括:
S201、从移动机器人接收第一规划路径,其中所述第一规划路径是预定区域内的由所述移动机器人所自主规划的从移动机器人的当前位置到目标位置的最短路径。
具体的,参见图3示出的是关于规划路径的获取方式的一种可选实施方式,移动机器人可以是AGV(Automated Guided Vehicle激光导航车辆),其中描述了第一规划路径的接收方法,包括:S301、服务器向移动机器人发送调度命令,其中调度命令包含各个移动机器人的目标节点区域信息。S302、在移动机器人接收到各自的调度命令之后,其会根据目标节点区域信息并通过A*算法计算各自的相应的规划路径。S303、移动机器人会将计算所得到的规划路径发送至服务器。可选地,在服务器获取到移动机器人所发送的规划路径之后,会执行相应的后续处理,以保障在移动机器人在执行规划路径的过程中不会发生路径冲突。作为示例,在地图上可以具有多个分别具有唯一的节点ID的节点区域(例如图4所示的关于密集区域的节点分布表中的0、1…99号节点区域),移动机器人A0在接收到调度命令之后,需要从当前位置73号节点区域到达31号目标节点区域,此时移动机器人A0会通过A*算法计算到达31号目标节点区域的最短路径,但是该最短路径并不一定是移动机器人执行移动任务的最高效路径。
S202、为移动机器人规划不同于第一规划路径的第二规划路径。
具体的,可以是规划对应于第一规划路径的初始位置和终点位置的其他路径作为第二规划路径,并且该第二规划路径可以是泛指除第一规划路径之外的其他所有路径,也可以是除了第一规划路径之后的其他预定数量的路径,在此不作限定。并且,关于第二规划路径的规划方式,在此也应不作限定。
需说明的是,从移动机器人所接收到的规划路径可能并不是代表最高效的路径(下文中也会有所说明),所以服务器需要另外规划路径,以保障移动机器人能够高效地完成规划路径。但是,额外计算路径势必会增加服务器的处理资源消耗的负担,有鉴于此,本发明实施例下文还公开了利用标准路径的静态代价值来降低资源消耗大的问题。
S203、基于预存储的标准路径分段和对应所述标准路径分段的静态路径代价值,确定所述第一规划路径和所述第二规划路径所分别对应的第一路径代价值和第二路径代价值,其中路径代价值与移动机器人执行路径所消耗的期望时间之间呈正相关关系;
具体的,可以是路径代价值越大,移动机器人执行规划路径所消耗的时间就越长,二者之间的正相关系数可以不作限定,例如正相关系数可以是因不同动力性能的移动机器人而存在不同。
关于路径代价值的计算,在此并不作限定,但是需说明的是,与基于静态路径代 价值相比,实时的路径代价值的计算会消耗更多的资源。
示例性地,可以是通过以下方式来确定路径代价值:
T(C)=M*t(F)+N*t(R)+K*t(B)              (1)
其中,T(C)表示中间计算值,t(F)、t(R)和t(B)分别表示关于规划路径的直行、转弯和倒退信息所对应的代价值,以及M、N、K分别表示各个路径状态信息所分别对应的单位数量(例如所通过的节点数量和转弯的拐点数量)。
F(C)=α*f(C)+T(C)                     (2)
其中,f(C)表示移动机器人所规划的最短规划路径的距离所对应的代价值,α表示为该最短规划路径的距离所分配的权重值,以及F(C)表示根据所有信息所得到的路径代价值。
具体的,在式(1)中的T(C)中间计算值可以是表示对规划路径的各个路径状态下分析所确定的综合状态计算值,其中为不同的状态赋予了不同的权重值,保障了所得到的F(C)能够准确反映规划路径的路径状态。在式(2)中,F(C)为规划路径的距离作为部分的参考,而不是全部的参考,并引入T(C),由于路径状态对于移动机器人执行路径的效率存在影响,使得F(C)的值能够比最短路径更能反映移动机器人执行路径的效率。
作为示例,如图5所示,移动机器人执行从A到B的调度任务,从图示中可以看到按照A*算法所计算的最短路径的节点区域的个数(能够对应距离)为7个,而按照另一种算法所规划的节点区域的个数为11个。此时,服务器对两个路径所对应的路径代价值进行计算,例如当设定前行的代价t(F)=1,左右转向的代价t(L)=t(R)=2,倒退的代价t(B)=4,α=0.1。
最短路径:t2(C)=8*t(F)+2*t(L)+2*t(L)=8+4+4=16
较长路径:t1(C)=12*t(F)+2*t(R)=11+4=15
而统计规划路径所通过的节点区域,以确定规划路径的距离f1(C)=11,f2(C)=7,所以F1(C)=0.1*11+15=16.1
F2(C)=0.1*7+16=16.7。
通过上述比较,不难得知F1(C)<F2(C)。
因此,最短路径所对应的路径代价值大于较长路径所对应的路径代价值,也就是移动机器人执行较长路径应比执行最短路径更加高效。
从以上针对路径代价值的计算过程来看,其过于繁琐,在实际移动机器人运行的 过程中,如果采用实时计算,可能会导致服务器的响应效果降低,不利于移动机器人的高效运行。
在本实施例中,可以是根据标准路径分段,将第一规划路径划分为第一组标准路径分段,并将第二规划路径划分为第二组标准路径分段,其中标准路径分段包括以下中一者或多者:竖直路径分段、水平路径分段和/或转折路径分段;根据所述第一组标准路径分段下各标准路径分段所对应的静态路径代价值来确定所述第一路径代价值,以及根据所述第二组标准路径分段下各标准路径分段所对应的静态路径代价值的来确定所述第二路径代价值。在标准路径的选择上,可选地为直线,或者具有一个转弯的路径分段,并对这样的路径进行静态存储。示例性地,如图6所示,可以将点A到点B、点A到点C、点A到点D的路径代价值进行预先计算并存储,而对于点A到点E的路径用虚线标识的路径相对比较复杂,特别如果在该区域内有其他移动机器人的时候可能不会直接按照该路径行走,点A到点E的路径可以不去静态存储。
示例性地,在本实施例所公开的静态计算的过程就会具有较快的响应时间,比如一个3*3的地图中,用矩阵表示节点区域如下:
Figure PCTCN2019072262-appb-000001
可以是通过模型等算法根据路径状态等因素,预先计算好各个节点之间的距离,例如:A1到A2的路径代价值为1,A1到A5为2,A1到A6为3等等。作为示例,如果服务器已经静态存储了A1到A2的代价值F(A1,A2)和A2到A3的代价值F(A2,A3),那么经由A1-A2-A3的路径代价值就等于F(A1,A2)+F(A2,A3)。由此,计算量得到大幅度降低,降低了服务器的处理资源消耗,提高了响应性能。
S204、比较第一路径代价值和第二路径代价值,并根据比较结果发送相应的控制指令至移动机器人,其中移动机器人能够识别控制指令并按照第一规划路径或第二规划路径移动。
具体的,可以是当比较结果指示第二规划路径所需要消耗的时长小于第一规划路径时,发送相应的第二控制指令至所述移动机器人,以令移动机器人执行所述控制指令并按照所述第二规划路径移动。
如上所阐述的,当较长路径所对应的路径代价值小于最短路径所对应的路径代价值时,也就指示了较长路径所对应的期望时间要小于最短路径,此时可以选择将较长路径以控制指令的方式分发给移动机器人,令移动机器人按照较长路径来执行移动。相应 地,如果经过计算发现最短路径就是最高效的路径,也可以是令移动机器人执行该最短路径,不过不同的是,通过本申请可以保证移动机器人所执行的路径是最高效的路径。并且,整个基于静态代价值计算的过程不涉及模型的计算,计算过程简单,能保障移动机器人高效运作的基础上还能够保障服务器的响应效率,提高移动机器人的传输效率。
在一实施方式中,控制指令可以包括节点区域的分配信息,其中移动机器人能够识别控制指令以按照第一规划路径或第二规划路径移动,以及移动机器人被配置成只从经分配的所述节点区域通过,例如,移动机器人只有在从服务器接收到节点区域的分配信息之后才会执行移动,即使移动机器人可能已经自主确定了规划路线。由此可以通过节点区域信息的分配,控制移动机器人不去执行最短路径,而去执行更加高效的较长路径,并且,通过节点资源表对预定区域内的节点资源实施全局管理和维护,保障了多移动机器人在实施移动任务时不会发生冲突,例如一个节点资源不会同时被分配给两个移动机器人。
如图7所示,本发明一实施例的移动机器人的路径规划系统70,包括:第一路径获取单元701,配置为从移动机器人接收第一规划路径,其中所述第一规划路径是预定区域内的由所述移动机器人所自主规划的从移动机器人的当前位置到目标位置的最短路径;第二路径获取单元702,配置为为所述移动机器人规划不同于所述第一规划路径的第二规划路径;代价值确定单元703,配置为基于预存储的标准路径分段和对应所述标准路径分段的静态路径代价值,确定所述第一规划路径和所述第二规划路径所分别对应的第一路径代价值和第二路径代价值,其中路径代价值与移动机器人执行路径所消耗的期望时间之间呈正相关关系;路径控制单元704,配置为比较所述第一路径代价值和所述第二路径代价值,并根据比较结果发送相应的控制指令至移动机器人,其中所述移动机器人能够识别所述控制指令并按照所述第一规划路径或所述第二规划路径移动。
在一些实施方式中,所述代价值确定单元703包括:路径分段模块,配置为根据所述标准路径分段,将第一规划路径划分为第一组标准路径分段,并将所述第二规划路径划分为第二组标准路径分段,其中所述标准路径分段包括以下中一者或多者:竖直路径分段和/或水平路径分段;静态值统计模块,配置为根据所述第一组标准路径分段下各标准路径分段所对应的静态路径代价值来确定所述第一路径代价值,以及根据所述第二组标准路径分段下各标准路径分段所对应的静态路径代价值的来确定所述第二路径代价值。
在一些实施方式中,所述路径控制单元704包括:第二路径控制模块,配置为当 所述比较结果指示所述第二路径代价值小于所述第一路径代价值时,发送相应的第二控制指令至所述移动机器人,以令所述移动机器人执行所述第二控制指令并按照所述第二规划路径移动。
在一些实施方式中,所述预定区域包括多个节点区域,其中所述控制指令包括所述节点区域的分配信息,所述移动机器人能够识别所述控制指令以按照所述第一规划路径或所述第二规划路径移动,以及所述移动机器人被配置成只从经分配的所述节点区域通过。
在一些实施方式中,所述第一路径获取单元701包括:调度命令发送模块,配置为向所述移动机器人发送调度命令,其中所述调度命令包含所述移动机器人的目标位置信息;规划路径接收模块,配置为响应于所述调度命令,从所述移动机器人接收第一规划路径,其中所述规划路径为所述移动机器人根据所述目标位置信息通过A*算法计算所确定的。
需说明的是,本发明实施例所提供的多移动机器人的路径规划系统可以是搭建在用于集中管理多移动机器人的服务器上的,并且如上所述的各个单元和模块可以是指代程序模块或单元。以及,关于本发明实施例系统的更多的细节和相应的技术效果可以参照上文方法实施例的描述,在此便不再赘述。
上述本发明实施例的系统可用于执行本发明中相应的方法实施例,并相应的达到上述本发明方法实施例所达到的技术效果,这里不再赘述。
本发明实施例中可以通过硬件处理器(hardware processor)来实现相关功能模块。
另一方面,本发明实施例提供一种存储介质,其上存储有计算机程序,该程序被处理器执行如上服务器所执行的多移动机器人的路径规划方法的步骤。
上述产品可执行本申请实施例所提供的方法,具备执行方法相应的功能模块和有益效果。未在本实施例中详尽描述的技术细节,可参见本申请实施例所提供的方法。
以上结合附图详细描述了本发明实施例的可选实施方式,但是,本发明实施例并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节,在本发明实施例的技术构思范围内,可以对本发明实施例的技术方案进行多种简单变型,这些简单变型均属于本发明实施例的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是,在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征,在不矛盾的情况下,可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合。为了避免不必要的重复,本发明实施例对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
本领域技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分步骤是可以通过程 序来指令相关的硬件来完成,该程序存储在一个存储介质中,包括若干指令用以使得单片机、芯片或处理器(processor)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括:U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM,Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM,Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
此外,本发明实施例的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合,只要其不违背本发明实施例的思想,其同样应当视为本发明实施例所公开的内容。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种移动机器人的路径规划方法,包括:
    从移动机器人接收第一规划路径,其中所述第一规划路径是预定区域内的由所述移动机器人所自主规划的从移动机器人的当前位置到目标位置的最短路径;
    为所述移动机器人规划不同于所述第一规划路径的第二规划路径;以及
    基于预存储的标准路径分段和对应所述标准路径分段的静态路径代价值,确定所述第一规划路径和所述第二规划路径所分别对应的第一路径代价值和第二路径代价值,其中路径代价值与移动机器人执行路径所消耗的期望时间之间呈正相关关系;
    比较所述第一路径代价值和所述第二路径代价值,并根据比较结果发送相应的控制指令至移动机器人,其中所述移动机器人能够识别所述控制指令并按照所述第一规划路径或所述第二规划路径移动。
  2. 根据权利要求1中的方法,其特征在于,所述基于预存储的标准路径分段和对应所述标准路径分段的静态路径代价值确定所述第一规划路径和所述第二规划路径所分别对应的第一路径代价值和第二路径代价值包括:
    根据所述标准路径分段,将第一规划路径划分为第一组标准路径分段,并将所述第二规划路径划分为第二组标准路径分段,其中所述标准路径分段包括以下中一者或多者:竖直路径分段和/或水平路径分段;
    根据所述第一组标准路径分段下各标准路径分段所对应的静态路径代价值来确定所述第一路径代价值,以及根据所述第二组标准路径分段下各标准路径分段所对应的静态路径代价值的来确定所述第二路径代价值。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述根据比较结果发送相应的控制指令至移动机器人,其中所述移动机器人能够识别所述控制指令并按照所述第一规划路径或所述第二规划路径移动包括:
    当所述比较结果指示所述第二路径代价值小于所述第一路径代价值时,发送相应的第二控制指令至所述移动机器人,以令所述移动机器人执行所述第二控制指令并按照所述第二规划路径移动。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述预定区域包括多个节点区域, 其中所述控制指令包括所述节点区域的分配信息,其中所述移动机器人能够识别所述控制指令以按照所述第一规划路径或所述第二规划路径移动,以及所述移动机器人被配置成只从经分配的所述节点区域通过。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述从移动机器人接收第一规划路径包括:
    向所述移动机器人发送调度命令,其中所述调度命令包含所述移动机器人的目标位置信息;
    响应于所述调度命令,从所述移动机器人接收第一规划路径,其中所述规划路径为所述移动机器人根据所述目标位置信息通过A*算法计算所确定的。
  6. 一种移动机器人的路径规划系统,包括:
    第一路径获取单元,配置为从移动机器人接收第一规划路径,其中所述第一规划路径是预定区域内的由所述移动机器人所自主规划的从移动机器人的当前位置到目标位置的最短路径;
    第二路径获取单元,配置为为所述移动机器人规划不同于所述第一规划路径的第二规划路径;
    代价值确定单元,配置为基于预存储的标准路径分段和对应所述标准路径分段的静态路径代价值,确定所述第一规划路径和所述第二规划路径所分别对应的第一路径代价值和第二路径代价值,其中路径代价值与移动机器人执行路径所消耗的期望时间之间呈正相关关系;
    路径控制单元,配置为比较所述第一路径代价值和所述第二路径代价值,并根据比较结果发送相应的控制指令至移动机器人,其中所述移动机器人能够识别所述控制指令并按照所述第一规划路径或所述第二规划路径移动。
  7. 根据权利要求6中的系统,其特征在于,所述代价值确定单元包括:
    路径分段模块,配置为根据所述标准路径分段,将第一规划路径划分为第一组标准路径分段,并将所述第二规划路径划分为第二组标准路径分段,其中所述标准路径分段包括以下中一者或多者:竖直路径分段和/或水平路径分段;
    静态值统计模块,配置为根据所述第一组标准路径分段下各标准路径分段所对应 的静态路径代价值来确定所述第一路径代价值,以及根据所述第二组标准路径分段下各标准路径分段所对应的静态路径代价值的来确定所述第二路径代价值。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的系统,其特征在于,所述路径控制单元包括:
    第二路径控制模块,配置为当所述比较结果指示所述第二路径代价值小于所述第一路径代价值时,发送相应的第二控制指令至所述移动机器人,以令所述移动机器人执行所述第二控制指令并按照所述第二规划路径移动。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的系统,其特征在于,所述预定区域包括多个节点区域,其中所述控制指令包括所述节点区域的分配信息,所述移动机器人能够识别所述控制指令以按照所述第一规划路径或所述第二规划路径移动,以及所述移动机器人被配置成只从经分配的所述节点区域通过。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的系统,其特征在于,所述第一路径获取单元包括:
    调度命令发送模块,配置为向所述移动机器人发送调度命令,其中所述调度命令包含所述移动机器人的目标位置信息;
    规划路径接收模块,配置为响应于所述调度命令,从所述移动机器人接收第一规划路径,其中所述规划路径为所述移动机器人根据所述目标位置信息通过A*算法计算所确定的。
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CN112068544B (zh) * 2020-07-20 2024-06-04 上海擎朗智能科技有限公司 一种自主移动装置的调度方法、装置、设备及存储介质
CN113075927A (zh) * 2021-03-22 2021-07-06 哈尔滨理工大学 基于预约表的仓储潜伏式多agv路径规划方法

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