WO2019124377A1 - レベル計測方法およびレベル計測装置 - Google Patents

レベル計測方法およびレベル計測装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019124377A1
WO2019124377A1 PCT/JP2018/046573 JP2018046573W WO2019124377A1 WO 2019124377 A1 WO2019124377 A1 WO 2019124377A1 JP 2018046573 W JP2018046573 W JP 2018046573W WO 2019124377 A1 WO2019124377 A1 WO 2019124377A1
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Prior art keywords
level measurement
measurement value
level
furnace
noise
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PCT/JP2018/046573
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
貴博 木下
杉橋　敦史
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日本製鉄株式会社
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Application filed by 日本製鉄株式会社 filed Critical 日本製鉄株式会社
Priority to CN201880075635.4A priority Critical patent/CN111417734B/zh
Priority to KR1020207019587A priority patent/KR102387067B1/ko
Priority to TW107146400A priority patent/TW201932606A/zh
Publication of WO2019124377A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019124377A1/ja

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/4673—Measuring and sampling devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
    • F27D21/0028—Devices for monitoring the level of the melt
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/28—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
    • G01F23/284—Electromagnetic waves

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a level measurement method and a level measurement apparatus for measuring the level of a slag surface inside a furnace.
  • the rate of oxygen supply at the time of blowing gas such as oxygen on the slag surface is increased to shorten the time required for converter blowing (hereinafter also referred to simply as blowing).
  • blowing the rate of oxygen supply at the time of blowing gas such as oxygen on the slag surface is increased to shorten the time required for converter blowing (hereinafter also referred to simply as blowing).
  • the feed rate is increased, the slag is likely to be formed and sloping (a phenomenon in which the formed slag overflows from the furnace opening) or spitting (a phenomenon in which the slag is scattered by a jet) occurs to lower the yield.
  • sloping a phenomenon in which the formed slag overflows from the furnace opening
  • spitting a phenomenon in which the slag is scattered by a jet
  • Patent Document 1 as a level measuring device of a slag surface, a level measuring device using microwaves is considered.
  • a large amount of molten metal and slag are scattered, and the molten metal and slag may adhere to the furnace port and the furnace wall in the furnace as a metal.
  • the reflection signal from the metal is also received. Therefore, when the intensity of the reflected signal from the metal is greater than the intensity of the signal reflected from the slag, the position of the metal may be erroneously detected as the slag surface position (the level of the slag surface).
  • Patent Document 2 discloses a method of obtaining a distance to a slag surface after removing a signal that is continuously present without change from the start of the blowing process as noise. Further, in Patent Document 2, the difference between the reflection waveform showing the relationship between the reflection intensity of the reflection wave and the round-trip propagation time of the antenna and the slug surface is taken at predetermined time intervals, and such a reflection waveform is obtained. Discloses a method of obtaining a distance from a slag surface by using the largest difference signal or the largest signal of the absolute value of the difference.
  • Patent Document 2 when the reflectance of microwaves from the slag surface becomes extremely small due to the influence of dust generated in the furnace, the peak of the difference between the obtained reflection waveform and the immediately preceding reflection waveform is also small. This makes peak determination difficult. Moreover, when the time variation of the intensity of the reflected wave due to the influence of dust is large, two peaks corresponding to the slag surface may appear in the waveform obtained by taking the absolute value of the difference of the reflected waveform. There is an ambiguity as to which peak should be selected. Therefore, in patent documents 2, there was a problem that it was not able to measure the level of a slag surface correctly correctly, while blowing which dust generates in a furnace.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a level measurement method and a level measurement apparatus that can measure the slag surface during blowing more accurately than in the past using microwaves. With the goal.
  • the level measurement method of the present invention is a level measurement method for measuring the level of the slag surface in a furnace using microwaves, wherein the microwave is irradiated toward the furnace, and the slag surface or the furnace Microwave radiation receiving step of receiving the reflection microwaves from the metal attached to the metal, the distance and the signal strength to the slag surface or the metal in the furnace by the microwave and the reflection microwave Distance waveform signal generating step of generating a distance waveform signal indicating the relationship of (1), and a main peak in the distance waveform signal as a level measurement value indicating a time change of the distance to the slag surface or the metal in the furnace
  • a noise determination step of determining whether the level measurement value is noise or not by comparing an extraction step to be extracted, the level measurement value, and a past accumulated level measurement value; Removing the level measurement value is determined to size, based on the level measurement value that remains without being removed, and a level specifying step of specifying the level of the slag surface in the furnace.
  • the level measuring apparatus is a level measuring apparatus for measuring the level of the slag surface in a furnace using microwaves, which irradiates the microwave toward the furnace, and the slag surface or the furnace
  • the relationship between the distance to the slag surface or the metal in the furnace and the signal strength by the antenna unit that receives the reflection microwave from the metal attached to the metal, the microwave and the reflection microwave A distance waveform signal generation unit for generating a distance waveform signal to be shown, and an extraction for extracting a main peak in the distance waveform signal as a level measurement value indicating a temporal change in distance to the slag surface or the metal in the furnace
  • Noise determination unit that determines whether the level measurement value is noise or not by comparing the unit, the level measurement value, and the accumulated level measurement value in the past, and determining the noise Removing the serial level measurements, on the basis of the level measurement value that remains without being removed, and a level specifying unit configured to specify the level of the slag surface in the furnace.
  • the present invention it is possible to suppress the specification of the level of the slag surface in the furnace based on the erroneous level measurement value generated by the metal, and accordingly, the slag surface during blowing is conventionally made Can also be measured accurately.
  • FIG. 2A is a graph showing the relationship between the transmission wave and the reception wave
  • FIG. 2B is a graph showing the waveforms of the transmission wave and the reception wave
  • FIG. 2C is a graph showing the waveform of the beat wave.
  • These are graphs which show the distance waveform signal in which the main peak appeared.
  • It is a graph which shows an example of a distance waveform signal.
  • It is the graph which showed the time series change of the level measurement value, and the time average curve computed based on the level measurement value.
  • FIG. 7A is a graph showing time-series changes in level measurement values
  • FIG. 7B is a graph serving to explain the level measurement values determined to be noise
  • FIG. 7C is a level measurement value determined to be noise Is a graph for explaining the case of removing. It is a flowchart which shows the level measurement process procedure by this invention. A graph showing the level measurement value when the level measurement value actually determined to be noise was removed from the history data shown in FIG. 4 and the time average curve calculated based on the remaining level measurement value It is.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a configuration of a converter 1 in a converter steelmaking process in which the level measuring device 10 of the present invention and the level measuring device 10 of the present invention are used.
  • the molten iron 2 is charged into the inside of the converter 1 (hereinafter simply referred to as the inside of the furnace) and the component such as oxygen is blown into the molten iron 2 from the lance 4 to adjust the components of the molten iron 2 To produce molten steel.
  • Slag is produced on the surface of the melt as the treatment progresses.
  • the level measuring device 10 measures the level of the slag surface 3 thus formed in the furnace in real time.
  • “slag surface” refers to the surface of molten slag exposed to the outside in the furnace.
  • the “level” of the slag surface 3 refers to the height of the slag surface 3 in the furnace as viewed from the bottom of the furnace and a predetermined reference position.
  • the antenna unit 10 a of the level measurement device 10 is disposed in the opening forming unit 7.
  • the heat insulating plate 14 is provided between the antenna unit 10 a and the inside of the furnace.
  • the heat insulating plate 14 is made of, for example, an inorganic ceramic which can transmit microwaves, such as alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ), silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) or the like.
  • the heat insulating plate 14 can transmit and receive microwaves between the antenna unit 10a and the inside of the furnace, and can reduce the heat from the inside of the furnace to prevent the antenna unit 10a from being damaged by the heat.
  • the antenna unit 10a is provided separately from the transmitting antenna 11 for irradiating microwaves from the inside of the hood opening 6 into the furnace and the transmitting antenna 11, and the hood opening is reflected from the slag surface 3 in the furnace. And a receiving antenna 12 for receiving the reflected microwave that has passed through the inside of the unit 6.
  • the frequency of microwaves irradiated toward the inside of the furnace is preferably more than 10 GHz and not more than 90 GHz, since the inside of the furnace is narrow and the reflectance of microwaves on the slag surface 3 is small. Is preferably 35 GHz or more and 85 GHz or less.
  • the transmitting antenna 11 and the receiving antenna 12 are, for example, conical horn antennas having the same diameter, and are disposed such that the open end of the enlarged diameter faces the inside of the furnace.
  • the transmitting antenna 11 and the receiving antenna 12 are disposed in the opening forming portion 7 such that the tip of the enlarged diameter is adjacent to each other.
  • the distance obtained by combining the diameter of the tip of the transmitting antenna 11 and the diameter of the tip of the receiving antenna 12 is the same as the diameter d of the hood opening 6 and the tips of the transmitting antenna 11 and the receiving antenna 12 Are disposed substantially throughout the radial direction of the hood opening 6.
  • a lens unit 13 made of, for example, polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon (registered trademark)) is provided at each end of each of the transmitting antenna 11 and the receiving antenna 12.
  • the transmission antenna 11 can increase the antenna gain of the transmission antenna 11 by causing the lens unit 13 to converge the microwaves irradiated to the slag surface 3.
  • the receiving antenna 12 can increase the antenna gain of the receiving antenna 12 by causing the lens unit 13 to converge the reflected microwaves from the slag surface 3.
  • the level measurement apparatus 10 has a level calculation unit 10 b, and sends out the reflected microwaves from the inside of the furnace received by the receiving antenna 12 to the level calculation unit 10 b.
  • the level calculation unit 10 b executes predetermined arithmetic processing based on the microwave transmitted from the transmitting antenna 11 toward the inside of the furnace and the reflected microwave received from the inside of the furnace by the receiving antenna 12.
  • the height (level) of the slag surface 3 can be calculated to measure the level of the slag surface 3.
  • the FM-CW level measurement method using microwaves will be described first.
  • the width of the frequency modulation of the oscillator controlled by the frequency sweeper is set to F (Hz), and the sweep period is set to T (seconds).
  • the frequency of microwaves (hereinafter, also simply referred to as transmission waves) irradiated toward the inside of the furnace changes continuously and linearly with the passage of time.
  • a reflected microwave (hereinafter, also simply referred to as a received wave) reflected by the slag surface 3 to be measured and received by the receiving antenna 12 has a distance from the receiving antenna 12 to the slag surface 3 (hereinafter, a separation distance)
  • a delay ⁇ t (seconds) proportional to D) is generated.
  • a difference ⁇ f (Hz) in frequency corresponding to the separation distance D occurs between the transmission wave and the reception wave at a certain same time.
  • a difference frequency signal (hereinafter also referred to as a beat wave or beat signal) having a frequency component corresponding to ⁇ f is obtained.
  • the time delay ⁇ t between the transmission wave and the reception wave corresponds to the time required for the microwave to return from the transmission antenna 11 to the reception antenna 12 via the slug surface 3.
  • the process of calculating the separation distance is equivalent to calculating the frequency of the beat signal (beat frequency ⁇ f).
  • the beat signal (beat wave) generated by the mixer often becomes a complex wave in which several frequency components are mixed.
  • a waveform signal as shown in FIG. 2D (hereinafter, also referred to as “distance waveform signal”) showing the relationship between the distance [m] and the signal strength is generated.
  • the distance waveform signal has the horizontal axis as distance [m] and the vertical axis as signal intensity [dB], and the separation distance to be obtained is given at the peak position.
  • a plurality of peaks P1 and P2 may appear.
  • the level of the slag surface 3 is not disturbed by the presence of a plurality of peaks. Can be identified.
  • the reflected signal from the metal rather than the reflected signal from the slag surface 3 May become larger.
  • a peak generated in the distance waveform signal by a reflected signal from the metal may be erroneously detected as the distance to the slag surface 3.
  • FIG. 4 shows history data in which the main peak appearing in the distance waveform signal is extracted each time the distance waveform signal is obtained, and this time change is plotted in time series (hereinafter referred to as “level measurement Also called “value”.
  • S1 in FIG. 4 shows the time average curve calculated based on these level measurement values.
  • variations occur in the level measurement values that should indicate the distance to the slag surface 3. From this, if it is decided that the main peak simply indicates the level of the slag surface 3, the reflection from the slag surface 3 or the reflection from the metal is included in the position of the main peak, It is understood that the peak due to the reflection from the metal will be misdetected as a level measurement value indicating the level of the slag surface 3 in the furnace.
  • time average curve S1 indicating the time average of the distance to the slag surface 3 is also affected by an error that the main peak generated in the distance waveform signal is erroneously detected as the level measurement value by the reflection signal from the metal. Will be a lot of things.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of the level calculation unit 10b.
  • the level calculation unit 10b includes a control unit 20 having a microcomputer configuration including a central processing unit (CPU), a random access memory (RAM) and a read only memory (ROM) (not shown).
  • the level calculation unit 10 b includes a storage unit 21 storing various information, a display unit 22, a signal processing unit 23 connected to the antenna unit 10 a, a distance waveform signal generation unit 24, an extraction unit 25, and noise determination.
  • the configuration is such that the unit 26 and the level specification unit 27 are connected to the control unit 20 via the bus B.
  • the control unit 20 comprehensively controls various functions in the level calculation unit 10b by loading various programs such as a basic program stored in advance in the ROM and a level measurement processing program into the RAM and starting up. Execute level measurement processing.
  • the signal processing unit 23 sends the microwaves to the transmission antenna 11 and the distance waveform signal generation unit 24.
  • the signal processing unit 23 irradiates microwaves from the transmitting antenna 11 to the inside of the furnace, receives the reflected microwave received by the receiving antenna 12, and sends it to the distance waveform signal generating unit 24.
  • the distance waveform signal generation unit 24 includes a beat signal generation unit 29 and a Fourier transform processing unit 30.
  • the beat signal generation unit 29 mixes a microwave as a transmission wave and a reflection microwave as a reception wave by a mixer to generate a beat signal (difference frequency signal), and sends this to the Fourier transform processing unit 30.
  • the Fourier transform processing unit 30 performs Fourier transform processing on the beat signal to generate a frequency spectrum signal. Further, the Fourier transform processing unit 30 generates a distance waveform signal as shown in FIG. 2D showing the relationship between the distance [m] and the signal strength based on the frequency spectrum signal, and sends this to the extraction unit 25.
  • the distance waveform signal generation unit 24 generates a distance waveform signal indicating the relationship between the distance and the signal strength to the slag surface 3 or the metal in the furnace by a microwave and a reflection microwave during blowing at predetermined time intervals. It generates with.
  • the extraction unit 25 receives a distance waveform signal, extracts the main peak appearing in the distance waveform signal as a level measurement value, and sends it to the storage unit 21, the noise determination unit 26, and the level specification unit 27. Do.
  • the extraction unit 25 specifies the highest peak appearing in a predetermined distance range (for example, 10 to 20 [m]) in the distance waveform signal as a main peak and determines this as a level measurement value.
  • the storage unit 21 When receiving the level measurement value from the extraction unit 25, the storage unit 21 stores the level measurement value as a past accumulation level measurement value in chronological order (storage step). Thereby, as shown in FIG. 4, the storage unit 21 stores history data in which all level measurement values obtained during blow tempering are arranged in chronological order as past accumulation level measurement values (ie, distance and time Data indicating the relationship is generated.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph in which an area from 350 seconds to 500 seconds is enlarged in the history data shown in FIG. It is assumed that the metal deposited on the furnace wall and the like is not susceptible to the effects of oxygen blown from the lance 4 and argon gas blown from the tuyere of the furnace bottom. Therefore, the plots (level measurement values) appearing at substantially the same height position in the regions ER1, ER2, ER3 shown in FIG. 6 are level measurement values calculated by erroneously detecting a reflection signal from the metal. It can be guessed.
  • the slag surface 3 is affected by oxygen blown from the lance 4 and gases such as argon blown from the tuyere of the furnace bottom, and finely vibrates the range of about ⁇ 500 [mm] in a short time.
  • the overall height fluctuates in the cycle. Therefore, a plot (level measurement value) having a short period and a fine oscillation other than the regions ER1, ER2, and ER3 shown in FIG. 6 is a level measurement value calculated by detecting a reflection signal from the slag surface 3. It can be guessed.
  • the level calculation unit 10b detects the difference between the level measurement value calculated by detecting the reflection signal from the slag surface 3 and the level measurement value calculated by erroneous detection of the reflection signal from the metal. Use to remove the reflection signal from the metal. Every time the noise determination unit 26 shown in FIG. 5 receives the level measurement value from the extraction unit 25, the level measurement value erroneously detects the reflection signal from the metal by using the past accumulation level measurement value. It is determined whether or not it is the level measurement value (hereinafter also referred to as noise) calculated.
  • the noise determination unit 26 includes a comparison unit 31 and a determination unit 32.
  • the comparison unit 31 receives a level measurement value from the extraction unit 25, the comparison unit 31 reads out the accumulation level measurement value within the determination range from the history data stored in the storage unit 21.
  • the determination range for example, when the n-th level measurement value is received from the extraction unit 25 from the beginning of the blowing, among the past accumulation level measurement values stored in the storage unit 21 , And n-1 times to n-10 times of ten accumulation level measurement values stored immediately before the n-th level measurement value.
  • the comparison unit 31 compares the plurality of accumulation level measurement values within the determination range with the latest level measurement value received from the extraction unit 25.
  • the comparison unit 31 is a comparison result indicating whether an accumulation level measurement value whose absolute value of the difference from the latest level measurement value is equal to or less than a predetermined value exists in any of the accumulation level measurement values in the determination range. Are sent to the determination unit 32.
  • the comparison unit 31 may, for example, select, from among the accumulation level measurement values in the determination range, even one accumulation level measurement value whose absolute value of difference from the level measurement value to be determined is less than a predetermined value. If detected, the comparison process is ended, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the comparison unit 31 may compare the level measurement value to be determined with all the accumulation level measurement values within the determination range.
  • the size of the furnace and the metal obtained from past operation data An appropriate value may be selected for each furnace in accordance with the frequency of detection, the growth rate of the metal, the reflectance of the slag surface 3, the distance resolution of the level measurement apparatus 10, and the like.
  • the frequency bandwidth of the microwave is F [Hz]
  • the resolution of the level measurement apparatus 10 determined by c / 2F or so. That is, it is desirable to generate a comparison result as to whether the absolute value of the difference between the level measurement value and the accumulation level measurement value is c / 2F or less.
  • the absolute value of the distance difference between the level measurement value and the accumulation level measurement value is 30
  • a comparison result of whether or not [mm] or less may be generated.
  • the determination method of such a level measurement value is demonstrated below using historical data as shown to FIG. 7A.
  • attention is focused on the level measurement value d 11 in the history data.
  • the comparison unit 31 receives the n-th level measurement value d 11 from the extraction unit 25 as the most recent level measurement value, the comparison unit 31 stores the history data stored in the storage unit 21 immediately before the level measurement value d 11.
  • the ten accumulation level measurement values d 10 to d 1 from n-1 to n-10 times are sequentially read out.
  • the comparison unit 31 sequentially compares each of the accumulation level measurement values d 10 to d 1 within the read judgment range with the level measurement value d 11, and determines the level among the accumulation level measurement values d 10 to d 1.
  • a comparison result indicating whether or not there are accumulated level measurement values d 10 to d 1 whose absolute value of the difference from the measurement value d 11 is equal to or less than a predetermined value is generated.
  • the level measurement value d 11 which is a determination target, the accumulation level measurements d 9 in determination range, d 8, d 7, d 2 and due to the substantially same height position
  • the absolute value of the difference from the level measurement value d 11 is equal to or less than a predetermined value.
  • each time comparison unit 31 receives a level measurement value from extraction unit 25, whether or not there is an accumulation level measurement value for which the absolute value of the difference from this level measurement value is equal to or less than a predetermined value Generate comparison results for
  • white circles (“ ⁇ The level measurement values d 7 , d 8 , d 9 , d 10 , d 11 , d 16 , and d 17 shown in “) are within the respective determination ranges, and the level measurement values d 7 , d 8 , d 9 , and d 10, respectively. , D 11 , d 16 , and d 17.
  • the comparison result is obtained that there is an accumulated level measurement value for which the absolute value of the difference with respect to d 11 , d 16 and d 17 is equal to or less than a predetermined value.
  • the level measurements d 10 shown in FIG. 7B, in the determination range, the absolute value of the difference between the level measurement value d 10 is present is the accumulation level measurements d 4 equal to or less than a predetermined value
  • the level measured value d 16 is within the determination range
  • the absolute value of the difference between the level measurement values d 16 to obtain a comparison result between the accumulation level measurements d 10 of equal to or less than a predetermined value exists.
  • Determination unit 32 receives the comparison result between the absolute value of the difference between the level measurement values d 11 to be determined is the accumulation level measurements equal to or less than a predetermined value is present within the determination range from the comparator 31, the level measurement as the value d 11 has appeared at approximately the same height and continues as the previous accumulation level measurements d 2, d 7, d 8 , d 9, the level measurement value d 11, of from bullion It is determined that the reflection signal is erroneously detected and the noise is calculated. The determination unit 32 sends the determination result to the level specification unit 27.
  • determination unit 32 receives from comparison unit 31 the comparison result indicating that the accumulated level measurement value for which the absolute value of the difference from the level measurement value to be determined is equal to or less than the predetermined value does not exist within the determination range.
  • the level measurement value is determined based on the slug surface 3 whose height generally varies in a long cycle, and the level measurement value is determined by detecting a reflection signal from the slag surface 3. Then, the determination unit 32 sends the determination result to the level specification unit 27.
  • the level specifying unit 27 illustrated in FIG. 5 includes a removing unit 34 and a level output unit 35.
  • the removal unit 34 receives the latest level measurement value from the extraction unit 25 and receives the determination result on the latest level measurement value from the determination unit 32. For example, upon receiving the determination result that the latest level measurement value is noise, the removal unit 34 removes the latest level measurement value determined to be noise. On the other hand, upon receiving the determination result that the latest level measurement value is not noise, the removal unit 34 sends the level measurement value not determined to be noise to the level output unit 35.
  • the level specification unit 27 removes the level measurement values d 7 , d 8 , d 9 , d 10 , d 11 , d 16 , and d 17 determined as noise in the history data of FIG. 7B. Shows later historical data.
  • the level output unit 35 outputs, as a level measurement result indicating the level of the slag surface 3 in the furnace, only the level measurement value which is not determined to be noise and is not removed.
  • the level output unit 35 can present the level measurement values obtained by removing most of the reflection signal from the base metal, and a time average curve showing the time average of the distance to the slag surface 3 based on these level measurement values. S2 can be generated.
  • the time average curve S2 obtained in this way shows more exactly the level of the slag surface 3 in the furnace, since most of the noise generated by the reflected signal from the metal is removed. It becomes a thing.
  • the level measurement values d 2 and d 4 due to the first reflection signal from the base metal which is the determination reference for determining the level measurement value as noise, are not removed but are directly output from the level output unit 35 It will be output.
  • the level output unit 35 can reduce the influence of the level measurement values d 2 and d 4 not removed as noise by outputting the time average curve S2. Further, even if the level measurement value due to the reflection signal from the slag surface 3 is erroneously removed as noise, the level output unit 35 can reduce the influence by outputting the time average curve S2.
  • the level measurement value generated by the reflection signal from the slug surface 3 may also be erroneously determined as noise and removed at several points.
  • the measurement period by microwave transmission and reception is generally as high as 100 [ms] or less, there is no problem even if several points are lost in the level measurement value generated by the reflected signal from the slag surface 3, Accurate level measurement of the slag surface 3 can be performed.
  • the noise determination unit 26 extracts all the level measurement values using the past accumulation level measurement value. It is determined whether the level measurement value obtained by the unit 25 is noise caused by a reflected signal from the metal. That is, although the level measurement value determined as noise is not output from the level output unit 35, it is included in the determination range in the determination process by the noise determination unit 26. As described above, the noise determination unit 26 includes the level measurement value determined as noise within the determination range, and determines whether the latest level measurement value is noise or not, thereby making the level measurement value more accurate. Noise can be determined.
  • the level measurement values after determination processing output from the level output unit 35 and the time average curve S2 obtained from these level measurement values are sent to the display unit 22 and displayed on the display unit 22. Thereby, the worker can recognize the level of the slag surface 3 in the furnace during blowing in real time based on the time-series change of the level measurement value displayed on the display unit 22 and the time average curve S2.
  • the difference was taken about the distance waveform signal which shows the relationship between distance and signal strength, and the level of slag surface 3 was specified by detecting the largest signal of the absolute value of a difference or a difference.
  • the microwave reflectivity of the slag surface 3 is extremely small, and the distance waveform signal has a problem that the variation due to noise is large and the intensity is reduced due to the dust in the furnace.
  • the slag waveform is not processed but slag
  • step SP 1 the level measurement apparatus 10 generates microwaves by the signal processing unit 23, and radiates the microwaves from the transmitting antenna 11 into the furnace and uses the microwaves as transmission signals. It sends to the beat signal generation unit 29, and proceeds to the next step SP2.
  • step SP2 the receiving antenna 12 receives the reflected microwave from the inside of the furnace, sends it as a received signal to the beat signal generating unit 29 via the signal processing unit 23, and proceeds to the next step SP3.
  • the beat signal generation unit 29 generates a beat signal from the microwave as the transmission signal and the reflection microwave as the reception signal, sends this to the Fourier transform processing unit 30, and proceeds to the next step SP4. .
  • step SP4 the Fourier transform processing unit 30 generates a frequency spectrum signal by performing Fourier transform or the like on the beat signal.
  • step SP4 the Fourier transform processing unit 30 generates a distance waveform signal indicating the relationship between the distance and the signal strength to the slag surface 3 or metal in the furnace based on the frequency spectrum signal. It sends to the extraction unit 25 and proceeds to the next step SP5.
  • step SP5 the extraction unit 25 extracts the main peak generated in the distance waveform signal as a level measurement value indicating the temporal change of the distance to the slag surface 3 or the metal, and this is stored in the storage unit 21 and the noise determination unit 26 and to the level identification unit 27, and proceeds to the next step SP6.
  • step SP6 the storage unit 21 stores the level measurement value as an accumulation level measurement value, generates history data in which past accumulation level measurement values are arranged in time series, and proceeds to the next step SP7.
  • step SP7 the noise determination unit 26 reads out from the storage unit 21 the accumulated level measurement value within the predetermined determination range, and the absolute value of the difference from the level measurement value is equal to or less than a predetermined value (for example, the absolute value of the distance difference) Is 30 [mm] or less, or c / 2F or less) whether or not the accumulated level measurement value exists within the determination range (whether or not to approximate the accumulated level measurement value).
  • a predetermined value for example, the absolute value of the distance difference
  • step SP7 If a negative result is obtained in step SP7, this means that the accumulation level measurement value having the absolute value of the difference between the level measurement value and the predetermined value or less does not exist within the determination range, that is, the level measurement value is the metal
  • the noise determination unit 26 sends the determination result to the level identification unit 27 and proceeds to the next step SP8.
  • step SP7 if a positive result is obtained in step SP7, this means that the accumulation level measurement value whose absolute value of difference from the level measurement value is less than or equal to the predetermined value exists within the determination range, ie, the level measurement value Indicates that the noise is generated due to a signal reflected from the metal, and at this time, the noise determination unit 26 sends the determination result to the level specification unit 27 and proceeds to the next step SP9.
  • step SP9 the level specification unit 27 removes the level measurement value determined to be noise, and proceeds to the next step SP8.
  • step SP8 the level identification unit 27 sets the level of the slag surface 3 in the furnace to the remaining level measurement values excluding the removed level measurement values and the time average curve S2 calculated from these remaining level measurements. Is displayed on the display unit 22 as a level measurement result that can be identified, and the above-described level measurement processing procedure is ended.
  • the level measurement apparatus 10 microwaves are irradiated toward the inside of the furnace, and the reflected microwaves from the slag surface 3 are received (microwave irradiation receiving step), and these microwaves and reflected microwaves A distance waveform signal indicating the relationship between the distance and the signal strength to the slag surface 3 or metal in the furnace is generated (distance waveform signal generation step).
  • the level measurement apparatus 10 whenever a distance waveform signal is obtained, the main peak in the distance waveform signal is extracted as a level measurement value indicating the relationship between the distance to the slag surface 3 or the metal and the signal strength ( Extraction process).
  • the level measuring apparatus 10 compares the most recent level measurement value with the past accumulated level measurement value within the determination range to determine whether the level measurement value is noise (noise determination step).
  • the level measurement value obtained from the reflection signal from the metal attached to the furnace opening and the furnace wall has a small variation in distance per unit time, while the level measurement obtained from the reflection signal from the slag surface 3
  • the values are such that the distance changes periodically and the period of distance variation is fast. From this, when there is an accumulation level measurement value whose absolute value of the difference from the level measurement value to be judged is less than or equal to a predetermined value, the accumulation level measurement value of the past as the judgment range As for the value, it can be said that the distance variation per unit time is small, so the level measurement value is determined as noise.
  • the level measuring device 10 removes the level measurement value determined to be noise, and identifies the level of the slag surface 3 in the furnace based only on the level measurement value remaining without being removed (level identification step). Thereby, in the level measuring device 10, it is possible to suppress specification of the level of the slag surface 3 in the furnace based on the erroneous level measurement value generated by the metal, and accordingly, the slag during blowing Face 3 can be measured more accurately than before.
  • the difference was taken about the distance waveform signal which shows the relationship between distance and signal strength, and the level of slag surface 3 was specified by detecting the largest signal of the absolute value of a difference or a difference.
  • the microwave reflectivity of the slag surface 3 is extremely small, and the distance waveform signal has a large fluctuation due to noise, and the intensity is reduced by dust in the furnace.
  • the slag waveform is not processed but slag
  • two antennas of the transmitting antenna 11 and the receiving antenna 12 are used, and the transmitting antenna 11 and the receiving antenna 12 are disposed in the opening formed by the hood opening 6.
  • the center of the hood opening 6 and the center of the transmitting antenna 11 are shifted. For this reason, since the microwaves from the transmission antenna 11 easily hit the metal other than the slag surface 3 and the like, noise is easily generated.
  • the level measuring apparatus 10 even if two antennas of the transmitting antenna 11 and the receiving antenna 12 are disposed in the hood opening 6, the level of the slag surface 3 is specified from the erroneous level measurement value caused by the metal. Therefore, the slag surface 3 during blowing can be accurately measured.
  • the determination range is 10 accumulation level measurements up to n-10 times
  • the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • n-m 1 times to n-m 2 times (m 1 and m 2 are integers other than 0 and m 1 ⁇ m 2 ) stored immediately before the n-th level measurement value to be determined
  • the accumulated level measurement values up to the point may be set as the determination range.
  • the determination range of the accumulation level measurement value to be compared with the latest level measurement value a plurality of accumulation level measurement values observed up to a predetermined time before the timing when the level measurement value to be determined is acquired It is also good. In this case, for example, it is desirable to determine whether the level measurement value is noise or not using the accumulation level measurement value acquired within one second before the level measurement value is acquired.
  • the antenna unit 10a including one transmitting antenna 11 and one receiving antenna 12 is used.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna may be used.
  • An integrally formed transmitting and receiving antenna may be used.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, for example other than a smelting reduction furnace, nonferrous metal refinement process
  • the present invention can be applied to other various furnaces such as the furnace used for Examples of nonferrous metal refining processes include copper smelting processes.

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PCT/JP2018/046573 2017-12-22 2018-12-18 レベル計測方法およびレベル計測装置 WO2019124377A1 (ja)

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JP2011043343A (ja) * 2009-08-19 2011-03-03 Wire Device:Kk マイクロ波によるスラグ厚の測定方法及び測定装置
JP2016029206A (ja) * 2014-07-23 2016-03-03 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 溶銑の予備処理方法
JP2017142104A (ja) * 2016-02-09 2017-08-17 新日鐵住金株式会社 レベル計及びレベル計測方法

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JP2011043343A (ja) * 2009-08-19 2011-03-03 Wire Device:Kk マイクロ波によるスラグ厚の測定方法及び測定装置
JP2016029206A (ja) * 2014-07-23 2016-03-03 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 溶銑の予備処理方法
JP2017142104A (ja) * 2016-02-09 2017-08-17 新日鐵住金株式会社 レベル計及びレベル計測方法

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