WO2019114794A1 - 用于车辆自动泊入换电站内的换电车位的系统及方法、电动车辆 - Google Patents

用于车辆自动泊入换电站内的换电车位的系统及方法、电动车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019114794A1
WO2019114794A1 PCT/CN2018/120925 CN2018120925W WO2019114794A1 WO 2019114794 A1 WO2019114794 A1 WO 2019114794A1 CN 2018120925 W CN2018120925 W CN 2018120925W WO 2019114794 A1 WO2019114794 A1 WO 2019114794A1
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Prior art keywords
vehicle
parking
parking space
ground
determined
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PCT/CN2018/120925
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李谦
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蔚来汽车有限公司
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Application filed by 蔚来汽车有限公司 filed Critical 蔚来汽车有限公司
Priority to EP18888640.2A priority Critical patent/EP3726327B1/en
Publication of WO2019114794A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019114794A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00Control of position, course or altitude of land, water, air, or space vehicles, e.g. automatic pilot
    • G05D1/02Control of position or course in two dimensions
    • G05D1/021Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
    • G05D1/0231Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using optical position detecting means
    • G05D1/0234Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using optical position detecting means using optical markers or beacons
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62DMOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D15/00Steering not otherwise provided for
    • B62D15/02Steering position indicators ; Steering position determination; Steering aids
    • B62D15/027Parking aids, e.g. instruction means
    • B62D15/0285Parking performed automatically
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00Control of position, course or altitude of land, water, air, or space vehicles, e.g. automatic pilot
    • G05D1/02Control of position or course in two dimensions
    • G05D1/021Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
    • G05D1/0212Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles with means for defining a desired trajectory
    • G05D1/0225Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles with means for defining a desired trajectory involving docking at a fixed facility, e.g. base station or loading bay
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08GTRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/14Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of automobiles, and more particularly to a system and method for electrically changing a parking space in a power station, an electric vehicle.
  • a big problem facing the promotion of electric vehicles is that the cruising range is insufficient and charging is more time-consuming than refueling.
  • the battery replacement solution can solve this problem better, and, with a better experience than refueling, the owner only needs to spend almost the same time to refuel.
  • the parking space of the power station is relatively narrow, and the manual parking of the power station requires the driver to have higher skill and proficiency, which is high in the driver's requirements and easy to collide during the parking process, and there are hidden dangers.
  • the present invention has been made to overcome one or more of the above disadvantages, or other disadvantages, and the technical solutions employed are as follows.
  • a system for automatically changing a parking space in a substation of a vehicle comprising:
  • An image acquisition unit configured to acquire an image of a ground surrounding the vehicle
  • control unit configured to determine whether the vehicle is located in a parking activation area determined by the pre-arranged first ground flag based on the acquired image, and determine if the vehicle is located within the parking activation area
  • the position of the vehicle relative to the first ground sign is determined based on the position to determine a parking route from the position to the electric parking space in the power station, and the vehicle is controlled to perform a parking operation according to the parking route.
  • the parking route includes advancing from the position Pt1 (x1, y1) to the position Pt2 (x2, y2), then back to the position Pt3 (x3, y3), and then traveling to the position Pt4 (x4, y4) Finally, go straight into the parking space,
  • the x1, x2, x3, x4, y1, y2, y3, Y4 satisfies the following relationship:
  • the method further includes:
  • a display unit configured to display information for prompting the driver to adjust the position of the vehicle if the control unit determines that the vehicle is not located within the parking activation area.
  • control unit is further configured to determine whether the vehicle accurately reaches the position Pt4.
  • an image of the ground around the vehicle is reacquired by the image acquisition unit, by the control unit Determining a position of the vehicle relative to the second ground mark based on the re-acquired image and fine-tuning the position to enable the vehicle to enter the change-over parking space, the second ground sign being determined according to the position of the electric-changing parking space of.
  • a method for automatically parking a vehicle in a changeover parking space within a power station includes:
  • the parking route includes advancing from the position Pt1 (x1, y1) to the position Pt2 (x2, y2), then back to the position Pt3 (x3, y3), and then traveling to the position Pt4 (x4, y4) Finally, go straight into the parking space,
  • the x1, x2, x3, x4, y1, y2, y3, Y4 satisfies the following relationship:
  • the method further includes:
  • the step of displaying information for prompting the driver to adjust the position of the vehicle is displayed in a case where it is determined that the vehicle is not located in the parking start area.
  • the method further includes:
  • an image of the ground around the vehicle is reacquired, and the vehicle is determined based on the reacquired image
  • the position of the second ground mark and the fine adjustment of the position to enable the vehicle to enter the shifting parking space, the second ground sign being determined based on the position of the electric parking space.
  • an electric vehicle comprising the above system according to an aspect of the present invention.
  • the present invention can obtain one or more of the following beneficial effects:
  • FIG. 1 is an example block diagram of a system for a vehicle to automatically park into a parking space within a substation, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a ground sign and a parking route in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is an example flow diagram of a method for a vehicle to automatically park into a parking space within a substation, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the computer program instructions may be stored in a computer readable memory, which may instruct a computer or other programmable processor to perform functions in a particular manner such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory comprise an implementation flow diagram and/or The production of the instruction part of the function/operation specified in one or more boxes of the block diagram.
  • the system 100 includes an image acquisition unit 101 that is configured to acquire an image of the ground surrounding the vehicle.
  • the image acquisition unit 101 may be implemented as a camera, but is not limited thereto, and may be used to implement the image acquisition unit 101 as long as it is a component capable of capturing an image of the ground around the vehicle.
  • the system 100 may further include a control unit 102 configured to determine whether the vehicle is located at a parking start determined by the pre-arranged first ground flag based on the acquired image. In the area, determining that the vehicle is located in the parking activation area, determining the position of the vehicle relative to the first ground sign, and determining, based on the position, driving from the position to the electric parking space in the power station
  • the parking route controls the vehicle to perform the parking operation according to the parking route.
  • the control unit 102 may be implemented as an electronic control unit ECU, but is not limited thereto, and any component that can control the entire vehicle may be used to implement the control unit 102.
  • FIG. 2 The above operation of the system 100 is schematically illustrated by taking FIG. 2 as an example.
  • the image acquisition unit 101 of the vehicle periodically acquires an image of the ground around the vehicle, for example, and the control unit 102 determines based on the acquired image whether the vehicle is located by a ground mark extending along the x-axis that is arranged in advance. Park into the boot area.
  • the parking start area can be characterized, for example, by a range of values of the horizontal and vertical coordinates of Pt1, that is, the width direction of the electric parking space (the position of the vehicle where the Pt5 point is located at the lower right of FIG.
  • the parking route for example, as shown in FIG. 2, it is assumed that the vehicle stops at the position of the Pt1 point, and based on the current position, it is determined that the vehicle starts from the current position as a starting point and goes straight along the X-axis in the positive direction to Pt2 (x2).
  • control unit 102 After determining the above-described parking route of Pt1 ⁇ Pt2 ⁇ Pt3 ⁇ Pt4 ⁇ Pt5, the control unit 102 controls the vehicle to perform the parking operation in accordance with the parking route.
  • the system 100 may further include a display unit 103 configured to display, when the control unit 102 determines that the vehicle is not located in the parking activation area, to prompt the driver to adjust the vehicle position.
  • Information may be implemented as a touch display screen, but is not limited thereto, and may be used to implement the display unit 103 as long as it is a component capable of displaying information for prompting the driver to adjust the position of the vehicle.
  • control unit 102 may also be configured to determine if the vehicle has reached the Pt4 point accurately. For example, in order to ensure that the vehicle can safely enter the electric parking space when traveling to the vicinity of the Pt4 point, the control unit 102 can judge whether the vehicle accurately reaches the Pt4 point (x4, y4). If it is determined that the vehicle does not accurately reach the Pt4 point (x4, y4), the image of the ground around the vehicle is reacquired by the image acquisition unit 101, and the control unit 102 determines the edge of the vehicle with respect to FIG. 2 based on the reacquired image.
  • the position of the ground mark extending the y-axis and fine-tuning the position (for example, fine-tuning the position and posture by the forward and backward movement of the vehicle) to enable the vehicle to safely enter the electric parking space safely (the Pt5 point at the lower right of Fig. 2)
  • the vehicle position wherein the ground sign extending along the y-axis is determined according to the position of the electric parking space (the position of the vehicle where the Pt5 point at the lower right of FIG. 2 is located).
  • a system for automatically changing a parking space in a substation of a vehicle can be applied to a purely electric vehicle, and can also be applied to a hybrid vehicle or the like.
  • the method S100 includes a step (S1) of acquiring an image of the ground around the vehicle.
  • an image of the ground around the vehicle is acquired by an image acquisition unit such as a camera in the vehicle.
  • the method 100 may further include the step of determining whether the vehicle is located within the parking activation area determined by the pre-arranged first ground flag based on the acquired image (S2).
  • a control unit such as an electronic control unit ECU in the vehicle determines whether the vehicle is located within the parking activation area determined by the pre-arranged first ground flag based on the image acquired in S1.
  • the method 100 may further include the step of determining the position of the vehicle relative to the first ground sign if it is determined that the vehicle is within the parking launch area (S3).
  • the step of determining the position of the vehicle relative to the first ground sign is determined by the control unit, such as the electronic control unit ECU, in the vehicle, with the determination that the vehicle is within the parking launch area.
  • the method 100 may further include the step of determining a parking route from the location to the electric parking space within the substation based on the location (S5).
  • a control unit such as an electronic control unit ECU, in the vehicle determines a parking route that travels from the location to a changeover parking space within the substation based on the location determined in S3.
  • the method 100 may further include the step of controlling the vehicle to perform a parking operation in accordance with the parking route (S6).
  • the vehicle is controlled by a control unit such as an electronic control unit ECU in the vehicle to perform a parking operation in accordance with the parking route determined in S5.
  • a control unit such as an electronic control unit ECU in the vehicle to perform a parking operation in accordance with the parking route determined in S5.
  • the image acquisition unit of the vehicle periodically acquires an image of the ground around the vehicle, for example, and the control unit determines based on the acquired image whether the vehicle is located in the parking lot determined by the ground sign extending along the x-axis arranged in advance.
  • the parking start area can be characterized, for example, by a range of values of the horizontal and vertical coordinates of Pt1, that is, the width direction of the electric parking space (the position of the vehicle where the Pt5 point is located at the lower right of FIG.
  • the parking route for example, as shown in FIG. 2, it is assumed that the vehicle stops at the position of the Pt1 point, and based on the current position, it is determined that the vehicle starts from the current position as a starting point and goes straight along the X-axis in the positive direction to Pt2 (x2).
  • control unit 102 After determining the above-described parking route of Pt1 ⁇ Pt2 ⁇ Pt3 ⁇ Pt4 ⁇ Pt5, the control unit 102 controls the vehicle to perform the parking operation in accordance with the parking route.
  • the method S100 may further comprise the step of displaying information for prompting the driver to adjust the position of the vehicle (S4) if it is determined that the vehicle is not located within the parking activation area.
  • the information for prompting the driver to adjust the position of the vehicle is displayed by the display unit such as the touch display screen in the vehicle if it is determined that the vehicle is not located within the parking activation area.
  • the method S100 may further include the step (not shown) of determining whether the vehicle is accurately arriving at the location Pt4. For example, in order to ensure that the vehicle can safely enter the electric parking space when traveling to the vicinity of the Pt4 point, a control unit such as an electronic control unit ECU in the vehicle can accurately reach the Pt4 point (x4, y4) at the vehicle. Make a judgment. If it is determined that the vehicle does not accurately reach the Pt4 point (x4, y4), an image of the ground around the vehicle is reacquired by an image acquisition unit such as a camera in the vehicle, such as an electronic control unit ECU in the vehicle.
  • an image acquisition unit such as a camera in the vehicle
  • the control unit determines a position of the vehicle relative to the ground mark extending along the y-axis in FIG. 2 based on the re-acquired image and fine-tunes the position (eg, fine-tunes the position and posture by vehicle back-and-forth motion, etc.) to enable the vehicle to enable the vehicle Safely go straight into the electric parking space (the vehicle position where the Pt5 point is located at the lower right of Figure 2), wherein the ground sign extending along the y-axis is based on the electric parking space (the vehicle position where the Pt5 point at the bottom right of Figure 2 is located) The location to determine.
  • the vehicle can be automatically and quickly parked into the power station for power exchange.
  • the method for automatically changing a parking space in a substation of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention can be applied to a purely electric vehicle, and can also be applied to a hybrid vehicle or the like.

Abstract

用于车辆自动泊入换电站内的换电车位的系统(100)及方法(S100)、电动车辆,其中,系统(100)包括:图像获取单元(101),其被配置成获取车辆周围地面的图像;以及控制单元(102),其被配置成基于所获取的图像来判断车辆是否位于通过预先布置的第一地面标志来确定的泊入启动区域内,在判断为车辆位于泊入启动区域内的情况下确定车辆相对于第一地面标志的位置,以此来确定从该位置向换电站内的换电车位行驶的泊入路线,控制车辆按照泊入路线进行泊入操作;可选地,系统(100)还可以包括显示单元(103),其在控制单元(102)判断为车辆不位于泊入启动区域内的情况下向驾驶员显示关于调整车辆位置的通知信息。

Description

用于车辆自动泊入换电站内的换电车位的系统及方法、电动车辆 技术领域
本发明涉及汽车领域,更具体地涉及用于车辆自动泊入换电站内的换电车位的系统及方法、电动车辆。
背景技术
电动汽车的推广普及面临的一个较大的问题是续航里程不够以及充电相对于加油来说更加花费时间。更换电池方案可以较好地解决这一难题,而且,获得相对于加油更好的体验,车主只需要花费与加油差不多的时间就能够完成换电。然而,换电站车位相对狭窄,人工泊入换电站要求驾驶员有较高的技巧和熟练程度,这对驾驶员要求较高且容易在泊入过程中发生碰撞而存在不安全的隐患。
发明内容
本发明是为了克服上述缺点的一个或多个、或其它缺点而完成的,所采用的技术方案如下。
按照本发明的一个方面,提供一种用于车辆自动泊入换电站内的换电车位的系统,包括:
图像获取单元,其被配置成获取车辆周围地面的图像;以及
控制单元,其被配置成基于所获取的图像来判断车辆是否位于通过预先布置的第一地面标志来确定的泊入启动区域内,在判断为车辆位于所述泊入启动区域内的情况下确定车辆相对于所述第一地面标志的位置,基于所述位置来确定从所述位置向换电站内的换电车位行驶的泊入路线,控制车辆按照所述泊入路线进行泊入操作。
进一步地,在根据本发明的一个方面中,
所述泊入路线包括从所述位置Pt1(x1,y1)起前进至位置Pt2(x2,y2)、接着后退至位置Pt3(x3,y3)、然后弧线行驶至位置Pt4(x4,y4)、最后直行进入换电车位,
其中,在将所述换电车位的宽度方向作为x轴方向并且将所述换电车位的长度方向作为y轴方向的情况下,所述x1、x2、x3、x4、y1、y2、y3、y4满足以下关系:
x1min<x1<x1max,y1min<y1<y1max,其中x1min、x1max、y1min、y1max为根据所述换电车位的长度和宽度确定的常数;
x2>所述换电车位的宽度的一半+车辆能够达到的最小转弯半径,y2=y1;
x3=x2-DeltaX,y3=y1,DeltaX为根据车辆从Pt1前进至Pt2的运动速度确定的常数;
x4=x3-车辆转弯半径,y4=y2-车辆转弯半径。
进一步地,在根据本发明的一个方面中,还包括:
显示单元,其被配置成在所述控制单元判断为车辆不位于所述泊入启动区域内的情况下显示用于提示驾驶员调整车辆位置的信息。
进一步地,在根据本发明的一个方面中,所述控制单元还被配置成,判断所述车辆是否准确地到达所述位置Pt4处。
进一步地,在根据本发明的一个方面中,在判断为所述车辆未准确地到达所述位置Pt4处的情况下,由所述图像获取单元重新获取车辆周围地面的图像,由所述控制单元基于重新获取的图像来确定车辆相对于第二地面标志的位置以及对所述位置进行微调以使车辆能够 直行进入换电车位,所述第二地面标志是根据所述换电车位的位置来确定的。
按照本发明的另一方面,提供一种用于车辆自动泊入换电站内的换电车位的方法,包括:
获取车辆周围地面的图像的步骤;
基于所获取的图像来判断车辆是否位于通过预先布置的第一地面标志来确定的泊入启动区域内的步骤;
在判断为车辆位于所述泊入启动区域内的情况下确定车辆相对于所述第一地面标志的位置的步骤;
基于所述位置来确定从所述位置向换电站内的换电车位行驶的泊入路线的步骤;以及
控制车辆按照所述泊入路线进行泊入操作的步骤。
进一步地,在根据本发明的另一方面中,
所述泊入路线包括从所述位置Pt1(x1,y1)起前进至位置Pt2(x2,y2)、接着后退至位置Pt3(x3,y3)、然后弧线行驶至位置Pt4(x4,y4)、最后直行进入换电车位,
其中,在将所述换电车位的宽度方向作为x轴方向并且将所述换电车位的长度方向作为y轴方向的情况下,所述x1、x2、x3、x4、y1、y2、y3、y4满足以下关系:
x1min<x1<x1max,y1min<y1<y1max,其中x1min、x1max、y1min、y1max为根据所述换电车位的长度和宽度确定的常数;
x2>所述换电车位的宽度的一半+车辆能够达到的最小转弯半径, y2=y1;
x3=x2-DeltaX,y3=y1,DeltaX为根据车辆从Pt1前进至Pt2的运动速度确定的常数;
x4=x3-车辆转弯半径,y4=y2-车辆转弯半径。
进一步地,在根据本发明的另一方面中,还包括:
在判断为车辆不位于所述泊入启动区域内的情况下显示用于提示驾驶员调整车辆位置的信息的步骤。
进一步地,在根据本发明的另一方面中,还包括:
判断所述车辆是否准确地到达所述位置Pt4处的步骤。
进一步地,在根据本发明的另一方面中,在判断为所述车辆未准确地到达所述位置Pt4处的情况下,重新获取车辆周围地面的图像,基于重新获取的图像来确定车辆相对于第二地面标志的位置以及对所述位置进行微调以使车辆能够直行进入换电车位,所述第二地面标志是根据所述换电车位的位置来确定的。
按照本发明的再一方面,提供一种电动车辆,其特征在于,包括根据本发明的一个方面的上述系统。
相对于现有技术,本发明可以获得如下有益效果的一个或多个:
1)根据本发明,能够使车辆快速且准确地自动泊入换电站内进行换电;
2)根据本发明,借助于基于诸如摄像头之类的图像获取单元的车辆的高精度定位以及横向纵向的精确控制,能够避免整个泊车过程中发生车辆碰撞从而确保车辆安全。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的一个实施方式的用于车辆自动泊入换电站内的换电车位的系统的示例框图。
图2是根据本发明的一个实施例的地面标志与泊入路线的示意图。
图3是根据本发明的一个实施方式的用于车辆自动泊入换电站内的换电车位的方法的示例流程图。
具体实施方式
以下将结合附图对本发明涉及的用于车辆自动泊入换电站内的换电车位的系统及方法、电动车辆作进一步的详细描述。需要注意的是,以下的具体实施方式是示例性而非限制的,其旨在提供对本发明的基本了解,并不旨在确认本发明的关键或决定性的要素或限定所要保护的范围。
下文参考本发明实施例的方法和装置的框图说明、框图和/或流程图来描述本发明。将理解这些流程图说明和/或框图的每个框、以及流程图说明和/或框图的组合可以由计算机程序指令来实现。可以将这些计算机程序指令提供给通用计算机、专用计算机或其它可编程数据处理设备的处理器以构成机器,以便由计算机或其它可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的这些指令创建用于实施这些流程图和/或框和/或一个或多个流程框图中指定的功能/操作的部件。
可以将这些计算机程序指令存储在计算机可读存储器中,这些指令可以指示计算机或其它可编程处理器以特定方式实现功能,以便存储在计算机可读存储器中的这些指令构成包含实施流程图和/或框图的一个或多个框中指定的功能/操作的指令部件的制作产品。
可以将这些计算机程序指令加载到计算机或其它可编程数据处理器上以使一系列的操作步骤在计算机或其它可编程处理器上执行,以便构成计算机实现的进程,以使计算机或其它可编程数据处理器上执行的这些指令提供用于实施此流程图和/或框图的一个或多个框中指定的功能或操作的步骤。还应该注意在一些备选实现中,框中所示的功能/操作可以不按流程图所示的次序来发生。例如,依次示出的两个框实际可以基本同时地执行或这些框有时可以按逆序执行,具体取决于所涉及的功能/操作。
下面,将结合图1来说明根据本发明的一个实施方式的用于车辆自动泊入换电站内的换电车位的系统。
图1是根据本发明的一个实施方式的用于车辆自动泊入换电站内的换电车位的系统的示例框图。如图1所示,该系统100包括图像获取单元101,其被配置成获取车辆周围地面的图像。在一个示例中,图像获取单元101可以实现为摄像头,但不限于此,只要是能够捕捉车辆周围地面的图像的组件,都可以用于实现图像获取单元101。
在一个实施例中,如图1所示,该系统100还可以包括控制单元102,其被配置成基于所获取的图像来判断车辆是否位于通过预先布置的第一地面标志来确定的泊入启动区域内,在判断为车辆位于所述泊入启动区域内的情况下确定车辆相对于所述第一地面标志的位置,基于所述位置来确定从所述位置向换电站内的换电车位行驶的泊入路线,控制车辆按照所述泊入路线进行泊入操作。在一个示例中,控制单元102可以实现为电子控制单元ECU,但不限于此,只要是能对车辆整体进行控制的组件,都可以用于实现控制单元102。
以图2为例来示意地说明系统100的上述操作。
如图2所示,车辆的图像获取单元101例如周期性地获取车辆周围地面的图像,控制单元102基于所获取的图像来判断车辆是否位于 通过预先布置的沿x轴延伸的地面标志来确定的泊入启动区域内。该泊入启动区域例如可以用Pt1的横纵坐标的取值范围来表征,即,在将换电车位(图2右下方的Pt5点所在的车辆位置)的宽度方向作为x轴方向并且将所述换电车位的长度方向作为y轴方向的情况下,只要车辆处于x1min~x1max且y1min~y1max(其中x1min、x1max、y1min、y1max为常数)这样的区域内,即可判定车辆位于泊入启动区域内,在该泊入启动区域内,图像获取单元101能够准确地识别出沿x轴延伸的地面标志。此外,关于x1min、x1max、y1min、y1max的取值,当换电车位的长度和宽度均确定下来之后,沿x轴延伸的地面标志也随之确定,x1min、x1max、y1min、y1max也相应地被确定。
在判断为车辆已经位于泊入启动区域内的情况下确定车辆相对于沿x轴延伸的地面标志的位置,基于所述位置来确定从所述位置向换电站内的换电车位行驶的泊入路线。关于所述泊入路线,例如,如图2所示,假设车辆停在Pt1点的位置,此时基于该当前位置确定出车辆以当前位置为起始点沿着X轴正方向直行至Pt2(x2,y2)点、然后从Pt2点沿X轴负方向直行至Pt3(x3,y3)点、进而沿弧线轨迹行驶至位置Pt4(x4,y4)、最后直行进入换电车位(图2右下方的Pt5点所在的车辆位置)的泊入路线。在所述泊入路线中,Pt1(x1,y1)点、Pt2(x2,y2)点、Pt3(x3,y3)点和Pt4(x4,y4)点满足如下关系:
Figure PCTCN2018120925-appb-000001
x2>所述换电车位的宽度的一半+车辆能够达到的最小转弯半径,y2=y1;
Figure PCTCN2018120925-appb-000002
x3=x2-DeltaX,y3=y1,DeltaX为根据车辆从Pt1前进至Pt2的运动速度确定的常数;
Figure PCTCN2018120925-appb-000003
x4=x3-车辆转弯半径,y4=y2-车辆转弯半径。
在确定出上述Pt1→Pt2→Pt3→Pt4→Pt5的泊入路线之后,控制 单元102控制车辆按照该泊入路线进行泊入操作。
可选地,在一个实施例中,该系统100还可以包括显示单元103,其被配置成在控制单元102判断为车辆不位于泊入启动区域内的情况下显示用于提示驾驶员调整车辆位置的信息。在一个示例中,显示单元103可以实现为触摸显示屏,但不限于此,只要是能够显示用于提示驾驶员调整车辆位置的信息的组件,都可以用于实现显示单元103。
可选地,在一个实施例中,控制单元102还可以被配置成判断车辆是否准确地到达Pt4点处。例如,为了确保车辆行驶至Pt4点处附近时能够后退直行进而安全进入换电车位,控制单元102可以对车辆是否准确地到达Pt4点(x4,y4)处进行判断。如果判断为车辆未准确地到达Pt4点(x4,y4)处,则由图像获取单元101重新获取车辆周围地面的图像,由控制单元102基于重新获取的图像来确定车辆相对于图2中的沿y轴延伸的地面标志的位置以及对所述位置进行微调(例如,通过车辆前后运动来微调位置和姿态等)以使车辆能够安全地直行进入换电车位(图2右下方的Pt5点所在的车辆位置),其中,所述沿y轴延伸的地面标志是根据换电车位(图2右下方的Pt5点所在的车辆位置)的位置来确定的。
通过如上所述的用于车辆自动泊入换电站内的换电车位的系统,能够使车辆快速安全地自动泊入换电站内进行换电。根据本发明的一个实施方式的用于车辆自动泊入换电站内的换电车位的系统可以被应用于纯电动车辆,也可以被应用于混合动力车辆等。
接下来,将结合图3来说明根据本发明的一个实施方式的用于车辆自动泊入换电站内的换电车位的方法。
如图3所示,该方法S100包括获取车辆周围地面的图像的步骤(S1)。在一个示例中,由车辆中的诸如摄像头之类的图像获取单元 获取车辆周围地面的图像。
在一个实施例中,如图3所示,该方法100还可以包括基于所获取的图像来判断车辆是否位于通过预先布置的第一地面标志来确定的泊入启动区域内的步骤(S2)。在一个示例中,由车辆中的诸如电子控制单元ECU之类的控制单元基于在S1中获取的图像来判断车辆是否位于通过预先布置的第一地面标志来确定的泊入启动区域内。
在一个实施例中,如图3所示,该方法100还可以包括在判断为车辆位于泊入启动区域内的情况下确定车辆相对于第一地面标志的位置的步骤(S3)。在一个示例中,由车辆中的诸如电子控制单元ECU之类的控制单元在判断为车辆位于泊入启动区域内的情况下确定车辆相对于第一地面标志的位置的步骤。
在一个实施例中,如图3所示,该方法100还可以包括基于所述位置来确定从所述位置向换电站内的换电车位行驶的泊入路线的步骤(S5)。在一个示例中,由车辆中的诸如电子控制单元ECU之类的控制单元基于在S3中确定的位置来确定从所述位置向换电站内的换电车位行驶的泊入路线。
在一个实施例中,如图3所示,该方法100还可以包括控制车辆按照所述泊入路线进行泊入操作的步骤(S6)。在一个示例中,由车辆中的诸如电子控制单元ECU之类的控制单元控制车辆按照在S5中确定的泊入路线进行泊入操作。
以图2为例来示意地说明该方法100的上述步骤。
如图2所示,车辆的图像获取单元例如周期性地获取车辆周围地面的图像,控制单元基于所获取的图像来判断车辆是否位于通过预先布置的沿x轴延伸的地面标志来确定的泊入启动区域内。该泊入启动区域例如可以用Pt1的横纵坐标的取值范围来表征,即,在将换电车 位(图2右下方的Pt5点所在的车辆位置)的宽度方向作为x轴方向并且将所述换电车位的长度方向作为y轴方向的情况下,只要车辆处于x1min~x1max且y1min~y1max(其中x1min、x1max、y1min、y1max为常数)这样的区域内,即可判定车辆位于泊入启动区域内,在该泊入启动区域内,图像获取单元能够准确地识别出沿x轴延伸的地面标志。此外,关于x1min、x1max、y1min、y1max的取值,当换电车位的长度和宽度均确定下来之后,沿x轴延伸的地面标志也随之确定,x1min、x1max、y1min、y1max也相应地被确定。
在判断为车辆已经位于泊入启动区域内的情况下确定车辆相对于沿x轴延伸的地面标志的位置,基于所述位置来确定从所述位置向换电站内的换电车位行驶的泊入路线。关于所述泊入路线,例如,如图2所示,假设车辆停在Pt1点的位置,此时基于该当前位置确定出车辆以当前位置为起始点沿着X轴正方向直行至Pt2(x2,y2)点、然后从Pt2点沿X轴负方向直行至Pt3(x3,y3)点、进而沿弧线轨迹行驶至位置Pt4(x4,y4)、最后直行进入换电车位(图2右下方的Pt5点所在的车辆位置)的泊入路线。在所述泊入路线中,Pt1(x1,y1)点、Pt2(x2,y2)点、Pt3(x3,y3)点和Pt4(x4,y4)点满足如下关系:
Figure PCTCN2018120925-appb-000004
x2>所述换电车位的宽度的一半+车辆能够达到的最小转弯半径,y2=y1;
Figure PCTCN2018120925-appb-000005
x3=x2-DeltaX,y3=y1,DeltaX为根据车辆从Pt1前进至Pt2的运动速度确定的常数;
Figure PCTCN2018120925-appb-000006
x4=x3-车辆转弯半径,y4=y2-车辆转弯半径。
在确定出上述Pt1→Pt2→Pt3→Pt4→Pt5的泊入路线之后,控制单元102控制车辆按照该泊入路线进行泊入操作。
可选地,在一个实施例中,该方法S100还可以包括在判断为车 辆不位于泊入启动区域内的情况下显示用于提示驾驶员调整车辆位置的信息的步骤(S4)。在一个示例中,由车辆中的诸如触摸显示屏之类的显示单元在判断为车辆不位于泊入启动区域内的情况下显示用于提示驾驶员调整车辆位置的信息。
可选地,在一个实施例中,该方法S100还可以包括判断车辆是否准确地到达位置Pt4处的步骤(未示出)。例如,为了确保车辆行驶至Pt4点处附近时能够后退直行进而安全进入换电车位,车辆中的诸如电子控制单元ECU之类的控制单元可以对车辆是否准确地到达Pt4点(x4,y4)处进行判断。如果判断为车辆未准确地到达Pt4点(x4,y4)处,则由车辆中的诸如摄像头之类的图像获取单元重新获取车辆周围地面的图像,由车辆中的诸如电子控制单元ECU之类的控制单元基于重新获取的图像来确定车辆相对于图2中的沿y轴延伸的地面标志的位置以及对所述位置进行微调(例如,通过车辆前后运动来微调位置和姿态等)以使车辆能够安全地直行进入换电车位(图2右下方的Pt5点所在的车辆位置),其中,所述沿y轴延伸的地面标志是根据换电车位(图2右下方的Pt5点所在的车辆位置)的位置来确定的。
通过如上所述的用于车辆自动泊入换电站内的换电车位的方法,能够使车辆快速安全地自动泊入换电站内进行换电。根据本发明的一个实施方式的用于车辆自动泊入换电站内的换电车位的方法可以被应用于纯电动车辆,也可以被应用于混合动力车辆等。
本领域普通技术人员应当了解,本发明不限定于上述的实施方式,本发明可以在不偏离其主旨与范围内以许多其它的形式实施。因此,所展示的示例与实施方式被视为示意性的而非限制性的,在不脱离如所附各权利要求所定义的本发明精神及范围的情况下,本发明可能涵盖各种的修改与替换。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种用于车辆自动泊入换电站内的换电车位的系统,其特征在于,包括:
    图像获取单元,其被配置成获取车辆周围地面的图像;以及
    控制单元,其被配置成基于所获取的图像来判断车辆是否位于通过预先布置的第一地面标志来确定的泊入启动区域内,在判断为车辆位于所述泊入启动区域内的情况下确定车辆相对于所述第一地面标志的位置,基于所述位置来确定从所述位置向换电站内的换电车位行驶的泊入路线,控制车辆按照所述泊入路线进行泊入操作。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于,
    所述泊入路线包括从所述位置Pt1(x1,y1)起前进至位置Pt2(x2,y2)、接着后退至位置Pt3(x3,y3)、然后弧线行驶至位置Pt4(x4,y4)、最后直行进入换电车位,
    其中,在将所述换电车位的宽度方向作为x轴方向并且将所述换电车位的长度方向作为y轴方向的情况下,所述x1、x2、x3、x4、y1、y2、y3、y4满足以下关系:
    x1min<x1<x1max,y1min<y1<y1max,其中x1min、x1max、y1min、y1max为根据所述换电车位的长度和宽度确定的常数;
    x2>所述换电车位的宽度的一半+车辆能够达到的最小转弯半径,y2=y1;
    x3=x2-DeltaX,y3=y1,DeltaX为根据车辆从Pt1前进至Pt2的运动速度确定的常数;
    x4=x3-车辆转弯半径,y4=y2-车辆转弯半径。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的系统,其特征在于,还包括:
    显示单元,其被配置成在所述控制单元判断为车辆不位于所述泊入启动区域内的情况下显示用于提示驾驶员调整车辆位置的信息。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的系统,其特征在于,所述控制单元还被配置成,判断所述车辆是否准确地到达所述位置Pt4处。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的系统,其特征在于,在判断为所述车辆未准确地到达所述位置Pt4处的情况下,由所述图像获取单元重新获取车辆周围地面的图像,由所述控制单元基于重新获取的图像来确定车辆相对于第二地面标志的位置以及对所述位置进行微调以使车辆能够直行进入换电车位,所述第二地面标志是根据所述换电车位的位置来确定的。
  6. 一种用于车辆自动泊入换电站内的换电车位的方法,其特征在于,包括:
    获取车辆周围地面的图像的步骤;
    基于所获取的图像来判断车辆是否位于通过预先布置的第一地面标志来确定的泊入启动区域内的步骤;
    在判断为车辆位于所述泊入启动区域内的情况下确定车辆相对于所述第一地面标志的位置的步骤;
    基于所述位置来确定从所述位置向换电站内的换电车位行驶的泊入路线的步骤;以及
    控制车辆按照所述泊入路线进行泊入操作的步骤。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于,
    所述泊入路线包括从所述位置Pt1(x1,y1)起前进至位置Pt2(x2,y2)、接着后退至位置Pt3(x3,y3)、然后弧线行驶至位置Pt4(x4,y4)、最后直行进入换电车位,
    其中,在将所述换电车位的宽度方向作为x轴方向并且将所述换电车位的长度方向作为y轴方向的情况下,所述x1、x2、x3、x4、y1、y2、y3、y4满足以下关系:
    x1min<x1<x1max,y1min<y1<y1max,其中x1min、x1max、y1min、y1max为根据所述换电车位的长度和宽度确定的常数;
    x2>所述换电车位的宽度的一半+车辆能够达到的最小转弯半径,y2=y1;
    x3=x2-DeltaX,y3=y1,DeltaX为根据车辆从Pt1前进至Pt2的运动速度确定的常数;
    x4=x3-车辆转弯半径,y4=y2-车辆转弯半径。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的方法,其特征在于,还包括:
    在判断为车辆不位于所述泊入启动区域内的情况下显示用于提示驾驶员调整车辆位置的信息的步骤。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,还包括:
    判断所述车辆是否准确地到达所述位置Pt4处的步骤。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法,其特征在于,在判断为所述车辆未准确地到达所述位置Pt4处的情况下,重新获取车辆周围地面的图像,基于重新获取的图像来确定车辆相对于第二地面标志的位置以 及对所述位置进行微调以使车辆能够直行进入换电车位,所述第二地面标志是根据所述换电车位的位置来确定的。
  11. 一种电动车辆,其特征在于,包括根据权利要求1至5中的任一项所述的系统。
PCT/CN2018/120925 2017-12-15 2018-12-13 用于车辆自动泊入换电站内的换电车位的系统及方法、电动车辆 WO2019114794A1 (zh)

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