WO2019114641A1 - 一种界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁及其制造方法 - Google Patents

一种界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁及其制造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019114641A1
WO2019114641A1 PCT/CN2018/120006 CN2018120006W WO2019114641A1 WO 2019114641 A1 WO2019114641 A1 WO 2019114641A1 CN 2018120006 W CN2018120006 W CN 2018120006W WO 2019114641 A1 WO2019114641 A1 WO 2019114641A1
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Prior art keywords
substrate
coated iron
extremely low
interface bubble
low interface
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PCT/CN2018/120006
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王章薇
魏军胜
谢龙
陈红星
Original Assignee
宝山钢铁股份有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 filed Critical 宝山钢铁股份有限公司
Priority to US16/771,933 priority Critical patent/US11760064B2/en
Priority to EP18889607.0A priority patent/EP3725518A4/en
Priority to BR112020010488-4A priority patent/BR112020010488B1/pt
Publication of WO2019114641A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019114641A1/zh
Priority to PH12020550865A priority patent/PH12020550865A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B32B15/09—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/0046—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by constructional aspects of the apparatus
    • B32B37/0053—Constructional details of laminating machines comprising rollers; Constructional features of the rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/26—Moulds
    • B29C45/27—Sprue channels ; Runner channels or runner nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/18—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising iron or steel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/08—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the cooling method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/0012—Mechanical treatment, e.g. roughening, deforming, stretching
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/16—Drying; Softening; Cleaning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/16—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer formed of particles, e.g. chips, powder or granules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
    • B32B7/022—Mechanical properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F283/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G
    • C08F283/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G on to polycarbonates or saturated polyesters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
    • C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
    • C08G63/16—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
    • C08G63/18—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds the acids or hydroxy compounds containing carbocyclic rings
    • C08G63/181—Acids containing aromatic rings
    • C08G63/183—Terephthalic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L67/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L69/00—Compositions of polycarbonates; Compositions of derivatives of polycarbonates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/02—2 layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/06—Coating on the layer surface on metal layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
    • B32B2255/205—Metallic coating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2367/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a material and a method of manufacturing the same, and more particularly to a coated iron and a method of manufacturing the same.
  • the coated iron generally refers to a composite material obtained by directly laminating a polymer polyester film on a steel substrate by a method of heating and melting, and the coated iron can be used as a can body or a can lid material, and thus, a film is coated. Iron is suitable for the production of food cans, beverage cans, ordinary covers, and easy-open lids.
  • the polymer polyester film composited with the steel substrate includes polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene (PE), etc., wherein PET is the most common, which is PET is more commonly used because of its excellent formability, abrasion resistance, and printability.
  • coated iron is mainly used to replace the traditional coating iron, because the coated iron production process is solvent-free and exhaust-free, and the subsequent processing is free of cleaning and coating, which improves efficiency, less environmental pollution and energy saving; Covered iron does not contain harmful chemicals to ensure food safety and human health.
  • the thermoplastic resin film ie, the polymer polyester film
  • the thermoplastic resin film is coated on at least one surface of the metal sheet by a pair of coating rolls. Therefore, in the laminating process, if the air between the polymer polyester film and the substrate is not discharged in time during the extrusion process of the coating roller, it is easy to form a large amount of uneven bubbles on the surface of the substrate and the film, and a large number of The formation of uniform bubbles affects the properties of the coated iron, such as adhesion and corrosion resistance. Especially after deep processing and filling of contents, film bubbling and detachment may occur during long-term shelf storage.
  • the above-mentioned publication number is CN1201420, and the publication date is December 9, 1998.
  • the Chinese patent document entitled "Manufacturing method and manufacturing equipment for laminated metal sheets” discloses the manufacture of a laminated metal sheet. method.
  • the plastic film in the process of manufacturing a laminated laminated film, the plastic film is heated and the tension is applied to the metal film immediately after heating, and the layer is pressed to the metal plate to reduce the layer. The biting of the air at the time of pressing, thereby obtaining a laminated metal sheet having a small bubble ratio.
  • the Chinese Patent Publication No. Publication No. CN1212651A published on March 31, 1999, entitled "Manufacturing Apparatus for Laminated Metal Sheets” discloses a manufacturing apparatus for laminated metal sheets.
  • the technical solution disclosed in the patent document proposes that the resin film is thinner than the metal plate, and the resin film is pulled to lamination to cause wrinkles.
  • the bubble generation is more due to the fact that the melt-softened resin is not completely buried in the metal plate.
  • a support roller for imparting tension to the film is provided during the film supply of the film film to the laminating roller to improve the bubble rate.
  • One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a coated iron having an extremely low interface bubble ratio, which is coated with a substrate having a very low substrate roughness and a thermally laminated modified flexible polyester film covering the substrate.
  • the medium interface bubble rate is low, and the obtained coating iron adhesion performance is good.
  • the present invention provides a coated iron having an extremely low interface bubble ratio, comprising: a substrate having a surface roughness of 0.15 to 0.25 ⁇ m; and a modified flexible polyester film thermally bonded to the surface of the substrate;
  • the modified flexible polyester film is obtained by copolymerization modification of a low molecular aliphatic polyester to ethylene terephthalate.
  • the actual surface has microscopic unevenness, that is, surface roughness.
  • the inventor of the present invention found through a lot of experimental research that since the surface of the strip is copied by the roll, as the surface roughness of the strip or roll increases, the surface parameters change accordingly, resulting in peaks and peaks of the grinding marks. The increase in depth.
  • bubble defects will occur on the surface of the coated iron, that is, the deeper the peak-to-valley depth, the more air is present in the peak-valley position, the more It is not easy to be extruded during the lamination process and eventually causes a large amount of bubble defects to be generated on the surface of the coated iron.
  • the substrate may be a strip with a plating layer, that is, a tin-plated steel sheet or a chrome-plated steel sheet may be used, but since the plating layer is thin (for example, the amount of chromium plating is generally 100 mg/m 2 , that is, the thickness is on the order of 10 nm), the plating layer is The influence on the surface roughness of the substrate is small.
  • the coated iron adopts a substrate having a very low roughness (for example, a roughness of 0.15 to 0.25) so that the air in the peak-to-valley position is more easily discharged, thereby reducing the interface bubble rate and improving the present invention. The quality of the coated iron surface.
  • the modified flexible polyester film coated on the substrate having extremely low surface roughness has a remarkable effect on reducing the interface bubble rate and improving the surface quality of the coated iron according to the present invention.
  • the modified flexible polyester film is obtained by copolymerizing a low molecular weight aliphatic polyester with ethylene terephthalate. This is because the PET film obtained by conventional means (ie, polyester film), although PET has good mechanical properties and heat resistance, but due to the symmetry of the molecular structure of PET itself and the rigid benzene ring, PET cohesion It can be relatively large, has a high melting point, and has melt adhesion and poor melt flowability.
  • the PET film obtained by conventional means is difficult to completely fill the gully on the surface of the substrate during the thermal lamination of the substrate, and thus it is difficult Achieve close adhesion between the interfaces, thereby affecting the adhesion of the product.
  • the hard texture of the PET film obtained by conventional means may cause the coated iron to be easily formed in the case where the substrate is poorly bonded during the lamination, and the PET film and the substrate may be detached in the subsequent process such as press forming.
  • the inventors have improved the flexibility of the rigid chain of PET by means of chemical modification, and the mobility of the segment is enhanced, so that the modified polyester has a good low melting point.
  • the coated iron of the present invention has an extremely low bubble rate during the film coating process.
  • the coated iron according to the present invention uses a substrate having a very low surface roughness and a modified flexible polyester film thermally bonded to the surface of the substrate to make the interface bubble rate of the coated iron extremely low, and the surface quality of the product. high.
  • the molar percentage of the low molecular aliphatic polyester is 6-17%.
  • the low molecular weight aliphatic polyester has a molecular weight of 500 to 3,000.
  • the low molecular aliphatic polyester is a low molecular aliphatic polyester which is terminated with a hydroxyl group.
  • the low molecular aliphatic polyester is obtained from an aliphatic diol and an aliphatic dibasic acid.
  • the aliphatic diol is selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol, butylene glycol, pentanediol, hexanediol, and neopentyl glycol. one.
  • the aliphatic dibasic acid is selected from the group consisting of oxalic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, and decanedicarboxylic acid.
  • oxalic acid succinic acid
  • adipic acid succinic acid
  • sebacic acid sebacic acid
  • decanedicarboxylic acid One of maleic acid, fumaric acid and dimer acid.
  • the substrate is a tin-plated substrate or a chrome-plated substrate.
  • the interfacial bubble ratio of the coated iron is 2-7%.
  • the modified flexible polyester film has a single layer structure or a multilayer structure.
  • the modified flexible polyester film preferably adopts a single layer structure or more. Layer structure.
  • the surface tension of the surface of the modified flexible polyester film and the substrate is ⁇ 45 dynes.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a coated iron having an extremely low interface bubble ratio as described above, which has wide applicability and can achieve an extremely low interface bubble rate at a high speed operation of a production line.
  • Membrane iron
  • the present invention provides a method for producing a coated iron having an extremely low interface bubble ratio, comprising the steps of:
  • the modified flexible polyester film is thermally laminated on the substrate. Further, the modified flexible polyester film has a high surface activation energy and a surface layer covering the substrate is a flexible polyester. Therefore, in the present case, the film opening does not require heating, and the film is opened at room temperature. After the modified flexible polyester film is coated on the substrate, it is cooled and squeezed to obtain the final coated iron.
  • squeezing may employ a squeeze roller to remove moisture from the surface of the coated iron.
  • the substrate in the step (1), is preheated to 60-80% of the target film temperature by using an induction heater, and then the substrate is heated to the target by the induction heating roller. Film temperature.
  • the target coating temperature is 180 to 270 °C.
  • the angle at which the modified flexible polyester film enters the roll gap of the coating roll is controlled to be 30-70.
  • the film speed is controlled to be ⁇ 150 m/min.
  • the coated iron spray water is rapidly cooled, and then the coated iron is immersed in a water quenching tank to be cooled.
  • the coating iron with extremely low interface bubble rate according to the invention has extremely low bubble rate at the interface and has excellent adhesion performance, and is suitable for deep-drawn container processing and molding, especially under the high-speed coating film with a coating speed of ⁇ 150 m/min.
  • a coated iron having an interface bubble ratio of 2-7% was obtained.
  • the coated iron having an extremely low interface bubble ratio according to the present invention does not reduce the interface bubble rate by using an improvement of the production equipment, but reduces the interface bubble rate by using a substrate having an extremely low surface roughness. Therefore, the present invention
  • the coated iron can be applied to the prior art production line and has universal applicability to the equipment.
  • the coated iron having an extremely low interface bubble ratio according to the present invention has a high surface tension due to the modified flexible polyester film, and thus the coated iron according to the present invention is compared with the prior art.
  • the air can be expelled quickly and in a timely manner during the lamination process, maintaining a long-lasting effective bond between the substrate and the film.
  • the manufacturing method of the present invention also has the above advantages.
  • coated iron having a very low interface bubble ratio and the method for manufacturing the same according to the present invention will be further explained and explained below with reference to specific embodiments. However, the explanation and description do not unduly limit the technical solution of the present invention.
  • Table 1 lists the types of substrates and surface roughnesses of the coated irons having extremely low interface bubble ratios of Examples 1-6 and Comparative coated irons of Comparative Examples 1-4.
  • Example 1 0.186 Chrome plated substrate
  • Example 2 0.232 Chrome plated substrate
  • Example 3 0.186 Chrome plated substrate
  • Example 4 0.232 Chrome plated substrate
  • Example 5 0.186 Tin plated substrate
  • Example 6 0.232 Tin plated substrate Comparative example 1 0.261 Chrome plated substrate Comparative example 2 0.365 Chrome plated substrate Comparative example 3 0.281 Chrome plated substrate Comparative example 4 0.375 Tin plated substrate
  • the flexible polyester film used in the coated iron having the extremely low interface bubble ratio of Examples 1-6 was obtained by copolymerization modification of a low molecular aliphatic polyester and ethylene terephthalate, and Comparative Examples 1-4
  • the coating used for the coated iron is a single-layer polyester flexible film which is composed of a hydroxyl terminated butylene adipate (molecular weight of 1000, which is the same as the flexible polyester film used in Example 2) and terephthalic acid. It is obtained by copolymerization of ethylene glycol formate.
  • Table 2 lists the specific parameters of the modified flexible polyester film used in the coated iron having an extremely low interface bubble ratio of Examples 1-6.
  • the low molecular aliphatic polyesters in Table 2 all use hydroxyl terminated low molecular aliphatic polyesters.
  • the method for producing the coated iron having an extremely low interface bubble ratio of Examples 1-6 and the comparative coated iron of Comparative Examples 1-4 comprises the following steps:
  • Cooling and squeezing When cooling, the coated iron spray water is rapidly cooled, and then the coated iron is immersed in a water quenching tank for cooling.
  • Table 3 lists the specific process parameters of the coated iron having an extremely low interface bubble ratio of Examples 1-6 and the comparative coated iron of Comparative Examples 1-4.
  • Example 1 180 30 150 80
  • Example 2 210 50 150 80 Example 3 225 50 180 80
  • Example 4 225 50 180 80 Example 5 225 60 200 80
  • Example 6 270 70 200
  • Comparative example 1 210 50 150 80 Comparative example 2 210 50 150 80 Comparative example 3 210 50 200 80 Comparative example 4 210 50 200 80
  • Interface bubble rate a high-resolution metal microscope was used to observe the laminate, and the bubble-like portion was bubbled, and the area ratio of the bubble per unit area was calculated;
  • the adhesion after deformation was measured by a cross-cut cup tape peeling method. Take 10cm ⁇ 10cm coated iron sample, draw “well” on the plate at intervals of 3mm, scratch the film (be careful not to cut the substrate), then use the cup to change shape, keep the highest point of the cup in the word “well” Middle area. Then, the special tape is tightly adhered to the cup-scratching area, and the tape is quickly peeled off at the end of the tape, and the degree of peeling of the film is observed to evaluate the surface adhesion property of the film;
  • Acid resistance After coating iron cans (tank type 691), the evaluation of corrosion resistance was performed to evaluate the corrosion resistance.
  • the film-filled tank was filled with 1.5% citric acid solution, and then capped and cooked at 121 ° C for 30 min. After cooling, the sample was taken out to observe the surface to produce acidified spots, thereby evaluating the acid resistance of the coated iron. performance.
  • the interface bubble ratio of the coated iron in each embodiment of the present invention is 2-7%, which is significantly lower than that of the comparative coating iron of each comparative example, thereby illustrating the interface of the coated iron of each embodiment of the present invention.
  • the bubble rate is extremely low.
  • the coated iron of each embodiment of the present invention has a high surface performance due to an extremely low interface bubble ratio, and in particular, the surface adhesion property and the acid resistance performance are superior to those of the comparative comparative coating iron. Performance, this is because the substrate of the embodiment with very low roughness can maintain the interface bubble rate between 2% and 7% under the high speed film. Therefore, at the same speed, the surface roughness is higher than that of the embodiment.
  • the bubble ratio of the coated iron in each proportion of the degree is obviously improved, and at the same time, with the increase of the interface bubble rate, the surface adhesion performance of the comparative coated iron of each comparative layer under high deformation gradually deteriorates. Because, under high deformation, the bubble will be stretched with the deformation, that is, the defect is enlarged, and in the acid resistance test, the screening of the simulation is more strict, and the discrimination of the defect is more strict, from Table 4 It can be seen that as the surface bubble rate increases, the acid resistance of the comparative coated iron of each comparative ratio gradually deteriorates, which indicates that in the case of high deformation, in order to obtain a coated iron with better performance, it is required to be more stringent.
  • the bubble rate at the interface of the coated iron is controlled, and the iron of the coated iron of the examples of the present invention has an extremely low interface bubble rate and high surface properties.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

一种界面气泡率低的覆膜铁，包括：表面粗糙度为0.15-0.25μm的基板以及热覆合于基板表面的改性的柔性聚酯薄膜；改性的柔性聚酯薄膜由低分子脂肪族聚酯对对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯进行共聚改性得到。一种上述的界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁的制造方法，包括步骤：(1)对基板进行预热，然后进行加热；(2)常温开膜，然后将改性的柔性聚酯薄膜热覆合于基板上；(3)冷却和挤干。界面气泡率低的覆膜铁采用表面粗糙度低的基板以及热覆合于基板表面的改性的柔性聚酯薄膜使得覆膜铁的界面气泡率低，产品表面质量高，具有优良的附着性能，适用于深冲容器加工成型。

Description

一种界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁及其制造方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种材料及其制造方法，尤其涉及一种覆膜铁及其制造方法。
背景技术
覆膜铁通常指通过加热熔融的方法将高分子聚酯薄膜直接覆合于钢基板上得到的复合材料，覆膜铁既可以用做罐身，也可以用做罐盖材，因而，覆膜铁适用于食品罐、饮料罐、普通盖、易开盖的制作。现有技术中，与钢基板复合的高分子聚酯薄膜包括聚丙烯(PP)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚乙烯(PE)等，其中，PET最为常见，这是由于PET具有优良的成型性、耐磨、可印刷性，因而较为常用。
目前，覆膜铁主要用于替代传统的涂料铁，这是因为覆膜铁生产过程无溶剂和废气排放，后续加工过程免清洗免涂装提高了效率，对环境污染更少且节能；并且，覆膜铁不含有害化学物质，保证食品安全及人体健康。
然而，现阶段，由于覆膜铁的覆膜原理是将金属板加热后，通过一对覆膜辊挤压，将热塑性树脂膜片(即高分子聚酯薄膜)覆在金属板的至少一个表面上，因而，在覆膜过程中，如果覆膜辊挤压过程中高分子聚酯薄膜和基板之间的空气未能及时排出，很容易在基板和薄膜表面形成大量的不均匀气泡，而大量不均匀气泡的形成会影响到覆膜铁的性能例如附着性能以及耐蚀性能，尤其是经过深加工、内容物灌装后，在长时间货架存储过程中会出现薄膜鼓泡、脱离等现象。
例如在公开号为CN1201420，公开日为1998年12月9日，名称为“层压金属板的制造方法及制造设备”的中国专利文献中有提及“在层压时加热金属板的现有制造方法中，如以20m/min左右的低速度进行层压则没有问题，但在以150m/min以上的高速进行层压的场合，得到的层压金属板的气泡混入率(气泡率)以面积比表示时可达到10～30％左右。这样的气泡部分在为了将金属板加工成罐容器而进行深冲成形时，易在表面形成缺陷，导致质量下 降。当为200m/min以上的高速时，粘合强度产生不均匀性，可能导致粘合强度降低。”由此可以看出，在制作过程中，覆膜速度过高会导致所获得的产品产生产品缺陷，导致产品质量下降。
针对气泡率较高的问题，目前现有技术的解决方法主要围绕覆膜设备进行改进。
例如：上文所述的公开号为CN1201420，公开日为1998年12月9日，名称为“层压金属板的制造方法及制造设备”的中国专利文献公开了一种层压金属板的制造方法。在该专利文献所公开的技术方案中，在制造层压覆膜板的过程中，通过加热塑料薄膜以及加热之后立即向塑料薄膜施加张力的状态下将其压接于金属板上，以减少层压时空气的咬入，从而获得气泡率小的层压金属板。
又例如：公开号为CN1212651A，公开日为1999年3月31日，名称为“层压金属板的制造设备”的中国专利文献公开了一种层压金属板的制造设备。该专利文献所公开的技术方案提出树脂薄膜比金属板薄，将树脂薄膜拉至层压时产生皱纹，当高速层压时气泡产生更多是由于熔融软化的树脂没能完全填埋进金属板表面的凹凸的情况下产生的，为此在卷材薄膜向层压滚筒供给薄膜过程中，设置对薄膜赋予张力的支持滚筒，以改善气泡率的问题。
但是上述方案中均存在对覆膜设备的改进存在一定的局限性，并非所有覆膜线都能够满足此条件，因此要获得低气泡率的覆膜铁产品非常受限。
基于此，期望从原料基板和薄膜的技术角度出发，开发对覆膜线适应性强的低气泡率覆膜铁产品。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一在于提供一种界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁，该覆膜铁由于采用的基板粗糙度极低，且所热覆合的改性的柔性聚酯薄膜覆盖于基板过程中界面气泡率低，所获得的覆膜铁附着性能好。
为了实现上述目的，本发明提出了一种界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁，包括：表面粗糙度为0.15-0.25μm的基板以及热覆合于基板表面的改性的柔性聚酯薄膜；其中所述改性的柔性聚酯薄膜由低分子脂肪族聚酯对对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯进行共聚改性得到。
带钢经过轧制、平整以后，实际表面存在着微观不平度，即表面粗糙度。本案发明人通过大量实验研究发现，由于带钢表面的形貌是由轧辊复印过来的，随着带钢或轧辊表面粗糙度的提高，表面参数也相应发生变化，导致磨削痕峰值及峰谷深度的增加。而峰谷位置内的空气一旦在覆膜过程中没有被挤出，则会在覆膜铁表面产生气泡缺陷，也就是说峰谷深度越深、存在于峰谷位置内的空气越多，越不容易在覆膜过程中被挤出而最终导致覆膜铁表面产生将多的气泡缺陷。此外，虽然基板可以采用具有镀层的带钢，即可以采用镀锡钢板或镀铬钢板，但是由于镀层较薄(例如镀铬量一般为100mg/m 2，也就是说厚度为10nm数量级)，因此，镀层对基板表面粗糙度的影响较小。基于上述发现，发明人提出覆膜铁采用粗糙度极低的(例如粗糙度为0.15-0.25)的基板，以使得峰谷位置内的空气更易排出，从而降低界面气泡率，提高本发明所述的覆膜铁表面质量。
此外，发明人还经过研究发现覆合于表面粗糙度极低的基板上的薄膜采用改性的柔性聚酯薄膜对于降低界面气泡率，提高本发明所述的覆膜铁表面质量效果显著。在本案中，改性的柔性聚酯薄膜由低分子脂肪族聚酯对对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯进行共聚改性得到。这是因为采用常规手段获得的PET薄膜(即聚酯薄膜)，虽然由于PET本身具有很好的力学性能和耐热性能，但是由于PET本身分子结构对称且还有刚性苯环，导致PET内聚能比较大、熔点高且熔融粘附性、熔体流动性不好，因而，现有技术中，常规手段获得的PET薄膜在于基板热覆合过程中难以全部填满基板表面的沟壑，因而难以达到界面间的紧密贴合，进而影响产品的附着性能。同时，常规手段获得的PET薄膜质地硬会导致覆膜铁在覆合中容易产生于基板粘合不佳的情况，并在随后的过程中例如冲压成型时发生PET薄膜与基板脱离的情况。而在本发明所述的技术方案中，发明人通过化学改性的手段使得PET的刚性链的柔顺性得到明显提升，链段运动能力增强，使得改性后的聚酯具有良好的低熔点、熔融流动性和高表面张力，从而提高了薄膜的柔韧性和表面粘附性，因此，采用所述的改性的柔性聚酯薄膜相对于常规技术手段获得的PET薄膜柔韧性和表面粘附性更好，而使得本发明所述的覆膜铁在覆膜过程中气泡率极低。
综上所述，本发明所述的覆膜铁采用表面粗糙度极低的基板以及热覆合于基板表面的改性的柔性聚酯薄膜使得覆膜铁的界面气泡率极低，产品表面 质量高。
进一步地，在本发明所述的界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁中，所述低分子脂肪族聚酯的摩尔百分比为6-17％。
进一步地，在本发明所述的界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁中，所述低分子脂肪族聚酯的分子量为500-3000。
进一步地，在本发明所述的界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁中，所述低分子脂肪族聚酯为采用羟基封端的低分子脂肪族聚酯。
进一步地，在本发明所述的界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁中，所述低分子脂肪族聚酯由脂肪族二元醇和脂肪族二元酸制得。
更进一步地，在本发明所述的界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁中，所述脂肪族二元醇选自：丙二醇、丁二醇、戊二醇、己二醇和新戊二醇的其中之一。
更进一步地，在本发明所述的界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁中，所述脂肪族二元酸选自：草酸、琥珀酸、己二酸、癸二酸、癸烷二羧酸、马来酸、富马酸和二聚酸的其中之一。
进一步地，在本发明所述的界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁中，所述基板为镀锡基板或镀铬基板。
进一步地，在本发明所述的界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁中，所述覆膜铁的界面气泡率为2-7％。
进一步地，在本发明所述的界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁中，所述改性的柔性聚酯薄膜为单层结构或多层结构。
上述方案中，考虑到本案的基板表面粗糙度极低，因而对覆合于其上的薄膜柔性以及表面张力要求更高，因此，所述改性的柔性聚酯薄膜优选采用单层结构或多层结构。
进一步地，在本发明所述的界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁，所述改性的柔性聚酯薄膜与基板覆合的面的表面张力≥45达因。
相应地，本发明的另一目的在于提供一种上述的界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁的制造方法，该制造方法适用性广，且能够在生产线高速运行下获得界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁。
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种上述的界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁的制造方法，包括步骤：
(1)对基板进行预热，然后进行加热；
(2)常温开膜，然后将改性的柔性聚酯薄膜热覆合于基板上；
(3)冷却和挤干。
在本发明所述的制造方法中，基板加热到所需温度后，将改性的柔性聚酯薄膜热覆合于基板上。此外，基于改性的柔性聚酯薄膜具有高表面活化能以及覆于基板的面层为柔性聚酯的特点，因而，在本案中，开膜无需加热，采用常温开膜。当所述改性的柔性聚酯薄膜覆合于基板上后，冷却挤干获得最终的覆膜铁。
在一些实施方式中，挤干可以采用挤干辊去除覆膜铁表面的水分。
进一步地，在本发明所述的制造方法中，所述步骤(1)中先采用感应加热器将基板预热到目标覆膜温度的60-80％，然后采用感应加热辊将基板加热到目标覆膜温度。
更进一步地，在本发明所述的制造方法中，所述目标覆膜温度为180-270℃。
进一步地，在本发明所述的制造方法中，在所述步骤(2)中，控制改性的柔性聚酯薄膜进入覆膜辊辊缝的角度为30-70°。
进一步地，在本发明所述的制造方法中，在所述步骤(2)中，控制覆膜速度≥150m/min。
进一步地，在本发明所述的制造方法中，在所述步骤(3)中，冷却时，先对覆膜铁喷水进行快速冷却，然后将覆膜铁浸入水淬槽中冷却。
本发明所述的界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁界面气泡率极低，具有优良的附着性能，适用于深冲容器加工成型，尤其是可以在覆膜速度≥150m/min的高速覆膜下获得界面气泡率在2-7％的覆膜铁。
此外，本发明所述的界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁并不是采用生产设备的改良降低界面气泡率，而是采用表面粗糙度极低的基板降低界面气泡率，因而，本发明所述的覆膜铁能够适用于现有技术的生产线，具有对设备的普适性。
另外，本发明所述的界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁由于采用改性的柔性聚酯薄膜具有较高的表面张力，因而相较于现有技术而言，本发明所述的覆膜铁在覆膜过程中可以快速及时地排出空气，保持基板与覆膜之间的长久有效的结合力。
本发明所述的制造方法也具有上述的优点。
具体实施方式
下面将结合具体的实施例对本发明所述的界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁及其制造方法做进一步的解释和说明，然而该解释和说明并不对本发明的技术方案构成不当限定。
实施例1-6和对比例1-4
表1列出了实施例1-6的界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁和对比例1-4的对比覆膜铁所采用的基板类型及其表面粗糙度。
表1.
  表面粗糙度(μm) 基板类型
实施例1 0.186 镀铬基板
实施例2 0.232 镀铬基板
实施例3 0.186 镀铬基板
实施例4 0.232 镀铬基板
实施例5 0.186 镀锡基板
实施例6 0.232 镀锡基板
对比例1 0.261 镀铬基板
对比例2 0.365 镀铬基板
对比例3 0.281 镀铬基板
对比例4 0.375 镀锡基板
实施例1-6的界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁所采用的柔性聚酯薄膜由低分子脂肪族聚酯和对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯进行共聚改性得到，对比例1-4的对比覆膜铁采用的覆膜为单层聚酯柔性薄膜，其由羟基封端的己二酸丁二醇酯(分子量为1000，与实施例2所采用的柔性聚酯薄膜相同)和对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯共聚改性得到。
表2列出了实施例1-6的界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁所采用的改性的柔性聚酯薄膜的具体参数。
表2.
Figure PCTCN2018120006-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2018120006-appb-000002
注：表2中的低分子脂肪族聚酯均采用羟基封端的低分子脂肪族聚酯。
实施例1-6的界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁和对比例1-4的对比覆膜铁的制造方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)对表1所列的基板进行预热，然后进行加热，其中，先采用感应加热器将基板预热到目标覆膜温度的60-80％，然后采用感应加热辊将基板加热到目标覆膜温度，目标覆膜温度为180-270℃；
(2)常温开膜，然后将表2所列的改性的柔性聚酯薄膜热覆合于基板上，其中，控制改性的柔性聚酯薄膜进入覆膜辊辊缝的角度为30-70°，覆膜速度≥150m/min；
(3)冷却和挤干：冷却时，先对覆膜铁喷水进行快速冷却，然后将覆膜铁浸入水淬槽中冷却。
表3列出了实施例1-6的界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁和对比例1-4的对比覆膜铁的制造方法的具体工艺参数。
表3.
  目标覆膜温度(℃) 进入覆膜辊辊缝角度(°) 覆膜速度(m/min) 终冷温度(℃)
实施例1 180 30 150 80
实施例2 210 50 150 80
实施例3 225 50 180 80
实施例4 225 50 180 80
实施例5 225 60 200 80
实施例6 270 70 200 80
对比例1 210 50 150 80
对比例2 210 50 150 80
对比例3 210 50 200 80
对比例4 210 50 200 80
对实施例1-6的界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁和对比例1-4的对比覆膜铁进行性能测试，测试方法如下所述，并且将最终获得的测试结果列于表4。
界面气泡率：采用高分辨率金属显微镜以观察层压板，呈现泡状的部分 为气泡，计算出在每单位面积下气泡的面积比例；
表面附着性能：采用划格杯突胶带剥离法测量变形后的附着力。取10cm×10cm大小的覆膜铁样品，间隔3mm在平板上划“井”字格，划透薄膜(注意不要把基板划破)后采用杯突变形，保持杯突最高点在“井”字中间区域。然后将专用胶带紧密粘附于杯突划格区域，拿住胶带一端沿斜上方快速将胶带撕下，观察薄膜剥离的程度，以此来评价薄膜的表面附着性能；
抗酸性能：将覆膜铁冲罐(罐型691)后以抗酸性能评价来代表耐蚀性能评价。将覆膜罐灌装1.5％的柠檬酸溶液，封盖后在121℃温度条件下蒸煮30min，待冷却后将试样取出观察表面产生酸化斑的情况，以此来评价覆膜铁的抗酸性能。
表4.
  界面气泡率(％) 表面附着性能 抗酸性能
实施例1 2 ◎ ◎
实施例2 5 ◎ ◎
实施例3 3 ◎ ◎
实施例4 6 ◎ ○
实施例5 5 ◎ ○
实施例6 7 ○ ○
对比例1 10 △ △
对比例2 13 △ △
对比例3 18 △ ╳
对比例4 20 ╳ ╳
注：表4中╳表示较差；△表示一般；○表示较好；◎表示很好。
由表4可以看出，本案各实施例的覆膜铁的界面气泡率在2-7％，显著低于各对比例的对比覆膜铁，由此说明本案各实施例的覆膜铁的界面气泡率极低。此外，本案各实施例的覆膜铁由于极低的界面气泡率因而具有较高的表面性能，尤其是在表面附着性能以及抗酸性能的表现上均优于各对比例的对比覆膜铁的表现，这是由于本案各实施例采用极低粗糙度的基板在高速覆膜下能够保持界面气泡率在2％-7％之间，因而，在相同速度下，采用高于本案 实施例表面粗糙度的各对比例的对比覆膜铁的气泡率明显提升，同时，伴随着界面气泡率的升高，各对比例的对比覆膜铁在高变形下的表面附着性能逐渐变差。由于，在高变形下，气泡会随着形变被拉伸，即放大了缺陷，而在抗酸测试中，由于采用灌装模拟蒸煮的方式，对缺陷的甄别更为严格，从表4中可以看到，随着表面气泡率的上升，各对比例的对比覆膜铁的抗酸性能逐渐变差，由此说明在高变形用途下，为了得到性能较好的覆膜铁，需要更加严格地控制覆膜铁界面的气泡率，而本案各实施例的覆膜铁的界面气泡率极低，表面性能高。
需要说明的是，本发明的保护范围中现有技术部分并不局限于本申请文件所给出的实施例，所有不与本发明的方案相矛盾的现有技术，包括但不局限于在先专利文献、在先公开出版物，在先公开使用等等，都可纳入本发明的保护范围。
此外，本案中各技术特征的组合方式并不限本案权利要求中所记载的组合方式或是具体实施例所记载的组合方式，本案记载的所有技术特征可以以任何方式进行自由组合或结合，除非相互之间产生矛盾。
还需要注意的是，以上所列举的实施例仅为本发明的具体实施例。显然本发明不局限于以上实施例，随之做出的类似变化或变形是本领域技术人员能从本发明公开的内容直接得出或者很容易便联想到的，均应属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁，其特征在于，包括：表面粗糙度为0.15-0.25μm的基板以及热覆合于基板表面的改性的柔性聚酯薄膜；其中所述改性的柔性聚酯薄膜由低分子脂肪族聚酯对对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯进行共聚改性得到。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁，其特征在于，所述低分子脂肪族聚酯的摩尔百分比为6-17％。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁，其特征在于，所述低分子脂肪族聚酯的分子量为500-3000。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁，其特征在于，所述低分子脂肪族聚酯为采用羟基封端的低分子脂肪族聚酯。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁，其特征在于，所述低分子脂肪族聚酯由脂肪族二元醇和脂肪族二元酸制得。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁，其特征在于，所述脂肪族二元醇选自：丙二醇、丁二醇、戊二醇、己二醇和新戊二醇的其中之一。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁，其特征在于，所述脂肪族二元酸选自：草酸、琥珀酸、己二酸、癸二酸、癸烷二羧酸、马来酸、富马酸和二聚酸的其中之一。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁，其特征在于，所述基板为镀锡基板或镀铬基板。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁，其特征在于，所述覆膜铁的界面气泡率为2-7％。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁，其特征在于，所述改性的柔性聚酯薄膜为单层结构或多层结构。
  11. 如权利要求1所述的界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁，其特征在于，所述改性的柔性聚酯薄膜与基板覆合的面的表面张力≥45达因。
  12. 如权利要求1-11中任意一项所述的界面气泡率极低的覆膜铁的制造方法，其特征在于，包括步骤：
    (1)对基板进行预热，然后进行加热；
    (2)常温开膜，然后将改性的柔性聚酯薄膜热覆合于基板上；
    (3)冷却和挤干。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的制造方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(1)中先采用感应加热器将基板预热到目标覆膜温度的60-80％，然后采用感应加热辊将基板加热到目标覆膜温度。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的制造方法，其特征在于，所述目标覆膜温度为180-270℃。
  15. 如权利要求12所述的制造方法，其特征在于，在所述步骤(2)中，控制改性的柔性聚酯薄膜进入覆膜辊辊缝的角度为30-70°。
  16. 如权利要求12所述的制造方法，其特征在于，在所述步骤(2)中，控制覆膜速度≥150m/min。
  17. 如权利要求12所述的制造方法，其特征在于，在所述步骤(3)中，冷却时，先对覆膜铁喷水进行快速冷却，然后将覆膜铁浸入水淬槽中冷却。
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