WO2019109602A1 - 矸石零排放短面无煤柱开采法 - Google Patents

矸石零排放短面无煤柱开采法 Download PDF

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WO2019109602A1
WO2019109602A1 PCT/CN2018/087977 CN2018087977W WO2019109602A1 WO 2019109602 A1 WO2019109602 A1 WO 2019109602A1 CN 2018087977 W CN2018087977 W CN 2018087977W WO 2019109602 A1 WO2019109602 A1 WO 2019109602A1
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mining
working face
short working
short
face
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PCT/CN2018/087977
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张农
魏群
谢正正
周俊瑶
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中国矿业大学
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Priority to AU2018308953A priority Critical patent/AU2018308953A1/en
Priority to JP2018555277A priority patent/JP6684922B2/ja
Priority to US16/319,033 priority patent/US20210310356A1/en
Publication of WO2019109602A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019109602A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
    • E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
    • E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
    • E21F15/005—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings characterised by the kind or composition of the backfilling material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a meteorite zero-emission short-face coal-free column mining method, which is especially suitable for use in zero-emission treatment of mine meteorites.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and to provide a method for simplifying the operation and achieving a good effect of the zero-emission short-face coal-free column mining method.
  • a short working face is set near the bottom of the mine.
  • the starting position of the short working face is 500m ⁇ 1000m away from the bottom of the well, and the short work is mining away from the bottom of the well.
  • the roof and the side wall are supported by bolts, and the bolt support includes the edge support along the short working face and the solid coal side support, and forms a retaining lane outside the short working face after the support, and is currently short Excavating the roadway outside the adjacent short working face of the working face;
  • the tunnel is opened from the roadway to the current short working face, and the filling and mining face of the adjacent short working face is formed by using the roadway and the adjacent roadway to continue mining in full mining mode. And use the meteorite backfill, and at the same time transfer the excavation equipment to dig the adjacent roadway and open cut of the next short working face to prepare for the next short working face mining;
  • steps b and c to achieve continuous mining of the short working face of the meteorite in the mine until all meteorites produced under the well are treated to achieve zero discharge of the surface meteorite.
  • the short working face is used for underground storage of vermiculite, the short working face has a width of 30 to 50 m, the height is the height of the coal seam, and the length is 1000 m to 3000 m.
  • the width of the roadway is 3-6 m.
  • the short working face mining sequence is alternately performed between the forward type and the reverse type, and the lane running order is always forward.
  • the present invention Since the above technical solution is adopted, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
  • the meteorite zero-emission short-face coal-free pillar mining method of the present invention is characterized by the following steps:
  • a short working face 1 is arranged near the bottom of the mine, and the short working face 1 is used for underground storage of vermiculite.
  • the short working face has a width of 30-50 m, the height is the height of the coal seam, and the length is 1000 m. ⁇ 3000m, the starting position of short working face mining is 500m ⁇ 1000m away from the bottom of the well, and the short working face 1 is mined away from the bottom of the well.
  • the mining order of the short working face 1 is forward and reverse.
  • the short working face 1 excavation sequence is always forward;
  • Bolt support is provided for the roof and side walls of the roadway.
  • the bolt support includes the edge support of the filling face along the short working face 1 and the solid coal side support, and forms a retaining lane outside the short working face 1 after the support. 2, the width of the roadway 2 is 3-6 m, and the roadway 3 is dug outside the adjacent short working face 5 of the current short working face 1;
  • the road opening 3 is drilled from the roadway 3 to the current short working face 1 , and the filling and mining working face of the adjacent short working face 5 is formed by the roadway 2 and the adjacent roadway 3 Mining in full charge and backfilling with meteorites, while transferring the excavation equipment to dig the adjacent roadway 6 and open cut 4 of the next short working face to prepare for the next short face mining;
  • steps b and c to achieve continuous mining of the short working face 1 of the mine treated vermiculite until all meteorites produced under the well are treated to achieve zero discharge of the downhole meteorite.

Abstract

一种矸石零排放短面无煤柱开采法，适用于矿井矸石零排放处理时使用。根据矿井实际情况，在矿井井筒附近选择一个区域布置短工作面（1），采用全采全充的方式对短工作面（1）进行开采，将矿井其他开采工作面中产生的矸石充填入短工作面（1），短工作面（1）沿充填面边缘和实体煤侧锚杆化支护进行留巷（2），利用留巷（2）进行相邻短工作面（5）的开采。本发明主要通过矸石置换煤体，实现了资源利用的最大化，同时又能完全控制顶板，实现岩层的无损化开采，推广应用价值高。

Description

矸石零排放短面无煤柱开采法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种矸石零排放短面无煤柱开采法，尤其适用于矿井矸石零排放处理时使用。
背景技术
我国煤矿每年会产生上亿吨的矸石，而现在煤矿处理矸石的主要方式就是露天堆放，从而会占用大量的土地，不仅埋压或破坏了原有的地貌植被，而且露天堆放会很容易自燃，自燃时产生的有毒物质对人类生存环境和矿区生态环境都会造成严重的危害。
我国已经探索出多种处理矸石的方式，但是大多都是煤矿先把矸石排放出来，再对其进行利用，从中虽然处理了部分矸石，同时排放及处理过程中也产生大量粉尘，对环境造成二次污染，当前急需一种井下矸石零排放的采煤方法。
发明内容
技术问题：本发明的目的是克服已有技术中的不足，提供一种方法简单，实现效果安好的矸石零排放短面无煤柱开采法。
技术方案：一种矸石零排放短面无煤柱开采法，其特征在于步骤如下：
a.根据矿井实际情况，在靠近矿井井底车场附近设置短工作面，短工作面开采的起始位置距离井底车场500m～1000m，短工作面向远离井底车场的方向开采；
b.将矿井其他开采工作面中产生的矸石全部运到短工作面，对短工作面采用全采全充的方式进行开采，利用矸石对短工作面充填开采，同时在开采的过程中对巷道顶板和侧壁进行锚杆支护，锚杆支护包括沿短工作面充填面边缘支护以及在实体煤侧支护，并在支护后在短工作面外侧形成留巷，同时在当前短工作面的相邻短工作面外侧掘进巷道；
c.待巷道掘进完后，从巷道向当前短工作面掘进开切眼，利用留巷及相邻掘进的巷道形成相邻短工作面的充填开采工作面继续以全采全充的方式进行开采并利用矸石回填，同时转移掘进设备掘进下一个短工作面的相邻巷道和开切眼，为接下来的短工作面开采做准备；
e.重复步骤b和c，从而实现矿井处理矸石的短工作面的连续开采，直到处理完井下产生的所有矸石，实现地面矸石的零排放。
所述的短工作面用于地下存放矸石，短工作面宽度为30～50m，高度为煤层高度，长度为1000m～3000m。所述的留巷宽度为3～6m。所述的短工作面开采顺序为前进式与后退式交替进行，所述的巷道掘进顺序一直为前进式。
有益效果：由于采用了上述技术方案，本发明与现有技术相比具有如下优点：
(1)煤炭开采过程中产生的所有矸石等固体废弃物通过回填直接在井下处理，无需再排放到地面，实现了矸石零排放的目标，避免了矸石排放而造成的环境污染，同时大幅度降低了地面处理矸石的成本。
(2)短工作面开采只需要小型的采煤机和十架左右的充填液压支架，避免了矿井高成本的投入，并且克服了当前充填技术而引起的开采效率低、耽误正常生产的问题。
(3)短工作面充填开采后留巷，减少了巷道掘进，降低了巷道掘进的成本。
(4)通过矸石置换煤体，同时取消了煤柱，实现了资源利用的最大化，短工作面全采全充又能完全控制顶板，实现岩层的无损化开采，推广应用价值高。
附图说明
图1是本发明的矸石零排放短面无煤柱开采法的短面前进式开采；
图2是本发明的矸石零排放短面无煤柱开采法的短面后退式开采。
图中：1-短工作面；2-留巷；3-巷道；4-开切眼；5-相邻短工作面；6-相邻巷道。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的一个实施例作进一步的描述：
如图1和图2所示，本发明的矸石零排放短面无煤柱开采法，其特征在于步骤如下：
a.根据矿井实际情况，在靠近矿井井底车场附近设置短工作面1，所述的短工作面1用于地下存放矸石，短工作面宽度为30～50m，高度为煤层高度，长度为1000m～3000m，短工作面开采的起始位置距离井底车场500m～1000m，短工作面1向远离井底车场的方向开采，所述的短工作面1工作面开采顺序为前进式与后退式交替进行，所述的短工作面1掘进顺序一直为前进式；
b.将矿井其他开采工作面中产生的矸石全部运到短工作面1，对短工作面1采用全采全充的方式进行开采，利用矸石对短工作面1充填开采，同时在开采的过程中对巷道顶板和侧壁进行锚杆支护，锚杆支护包括沿短工作面1充填面边缘支护以及在实体煤侧支护，并在支护后在短工作面1外侧形成留巷2，所述的留巷2宽度为3～6m，同时在当前短工作面1的相邻短工作面5外侧掘进巷道3；
c.待巷道3掘进完后，从巷道3向当前短工作面1掘进开切眼4，利用留巷2及相邻掘进的巷道3形成相邻短工作面5的充填开采工作面继续以全采全充的方式进行开采并利用矸石回填，同时转移掘进设备掘进下一个短工作面的相邻巷道6和开切眼4，为接下来的短工作面开采做准备；
e.重复步骤b和c，从而实现矿井处理矸石的短工作面1的连续开采，直到处理完井下产生的所有矸石，实现井下矸石的零排放。

Claims (4)

  1. 一种矸石零排放短面无煤柱开采法，其特征在于步骤如下：
    a.根据矿井实际情况，在靠近矿井井底车场附近设置短工作面(1)，短工作面开采的起始位置距离井底车场500m～1000m，短工作面(1)向远离井底车场的方向开采；
    b.将矿井其他开采工作面中产生的矸石全部运到短工作面(1)，对短工作面(1)采用全采全充的方式进行开采，利用矸石对短工作面(1)充填开采，同时在开采的过程中对巷道(3)的顶板和侧壁进行锚杆支护，锚杆支护包括沿短工作面(1)充填面边缘支护以及在实体煤侧支护，并在支护后在短工作面(1)外侧形成留巷(2)，同时在当前短工作面(1)的相邻短工作面(5)外侧掘进巷道(3)；
    c.待巷道(3)掘进完后，从巷道(3)向当前短工作面(1)掘进开切眼(4)，利用留巷(2)及相邻掘进的巷道(3)形成相邻短工作面(5)的充填开采工作面继续以全采全充的方式进行开采并利用矸石回填，同时转移掘进设备掘进下一个短工作面的相邻巷道(6)和开切眼(4)，为接下来的短工作面开采做准备；
    e.重复步骤b和c，从而实现矿井处理矸石的短工作面(1)的连续开采，直到处理完井下产生的所有矸石，实现井下矸石的零排放。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的矸石零排放短面无煤柱开采法，其特征是：所述的短工作面(1)用于地下存放矸石，短工作面宽度为30～50m，高度为煤层高度，长度为1000m～3000m。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的矸石零排放短面无煤柱开采法，其特征是：所述的留巷(2)宽度为3～6m；
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的矸石零排放短面无煤柱开采法，其特征是：所述的短工作面(1)开采顺序为前进式与后退式交替进行，所述的巷道(3)掘进顺序一直为前进式。
PCT/CN2018/087977 2017-12-08 2018-05-23 矸石零排放短面无煤柱开采法 WO2019109602A1 (zh)

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AU2018308953A AU2018308953A1 (en) 2017-12-08 2018-05-23 Zero-gangue-discharge short-wall face pillar-free mining method
JP2018555277A JP6684922B2 (ja) 2017-12-08 2018-05-23 ぼたゼロ排出短切羽無支柱石炭採掘方法
US16/319,033 US20210310356A1 (en) 2017-12-08 2018-05-23 Zero-gangue-discharge short-wall face pillar-free mining method

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CN201711290733.3A CN108035714A (zh) 2017-12-08 2017-12-08 矸石零排放短面无煤柱开采法
CN201711290733.3 2017-12-08

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CN110424966B (zh) * 2019-07-25 2020-05-26 中国矿业大学 一种超高水材料充填工作面矸石泵送留巷无煤柱开采方法
CN111156000A (zh) * 2020-04-07 2020-05-15 北京中矿创新联盟能源环境科学研究院 薄煤层无煤柱后退式采煤方法

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AU2018308953A1 (en) 2019-06-27

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