WO2019109535A1 - 一种清洁高效的采煤方法 - Google Patents

一种清洁高效的采煤方法 Download PDF

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WO2019109535A1
WO2019109535A1 PCT/CN2018/078771 CN2018078771W WO2019109535A1 WO 2019109535 A1 WO2019109535 A1 WO 2019109535A1 CN 2018078771 W CN2018078771 W CN 2018078771W WO 2019109535 A1 WO2019109535 A1 WO 2019109535A1
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working face
short
mining
short section
long
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PCT/CN2018/078771
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French (fr)
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张农
谢正正
周俊瑶
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中国矿业大学
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Priority to AU2018208634A priority Critical patent/AU2018208634B2/en
Priority to JP2018539320A priority patent/JP6688397B2/ja
Priority to US16/080,250 priority patent/US20210189876A1/en
Publication of WO2019109535A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019109535A1/zh

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21FSAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F15/00Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
    • E21F15/005Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings characterised by the kind or composition of the backfilling material
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21CMINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C41/00Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
    • E21C41/16Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
    • E21C41/18Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21FSAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F15/00Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21FSAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F15/00Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
    • E21F15/06Filling-up mechanically

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  • the invention relates to a clean and efficient coal mining method, and is particularly suitable for the field of mine solid waste treatment.
  • coal mining companies have also proposed ways to comprehensively use, such as solid waste power generation, production of building materials, recycling of beneficial mineral products, production of chemical products, improvement of soil, production of fertilizers, backfilling (including building backfilling, filling of lowland and wasteland, Filling the mine goaf, reclaiming the coal mine subsidence area, building roads, etc., but can not completely solve the problem of solid waste treatment.
  • solid waste power generation production of building materials
  • recycling of beneficial mineral products production of chemical products
  • improvement of soil production of fertilizers
  • backfilling including building backfilling, filling of lowland and wasteland
  • Filling the mine goaf reclaiming the coal mine subsidence area, building roads, etc.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a clean and efficient coal mining method that not only rapidly processes ground solid waste but also achieves downhole solid waste without raising well.
  • the clean and efficient coal mining method of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
  • the long-segment working face for filling the solid waste of the mine is arranged, and the short working face I and the short working face II are respectively arranged on both sides of the long working face, and the width of the short working face is arranged as w Debugging the shearer, hydraulic support and belt conveyor equipment in the short section working face I and the short section working face II, simultaneously mining the short section working face I and the short section working face II, and discarding the solids of the existing mine in the mining Filling the coal gangue produced in the mining and mining, and anchoring the edge of the filling surface and the solid coal side to retain the retaining road on both sides of the filling surface;
  • the excavator is used to excavate the open cut between the short working face I and the short working face II, so that the short working face I and the short segment
  • the remaining roadway and the open cut hole under the working face II constitute a long section working face mining system
  • the specific size is determined by the amount of solid waste Q.
  • l is the length of the short section and h is the short section.
  • All of the long working faces have a width of 150m to 300m.
  • the width of the roadway retained after the short section working surface is filled is 4-6 m.
  • the present invention Since the above technical solution is adopted, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
  • the solid waste of the mine can be filled into the short section of the working face, which solves the problem of stacking solid waste on the ground, and at the same time achieves the requirement that the underground solid waste does not go to the well, reduces the cost of the meteorite treatment, and reduces the ecological Environmental damage is conducive to the sustainable development of the mine.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a clean and efficient coal mining method of the present invention.
  • the clean and efficient coal mining method of the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • a long working face 21 for filling the solid waste of the mine in the coal seam of the mine shaft the long working face width is 150m-300m, and the short working face I11 is arranged on both sides of the long working face 21 respectively
  • l is the length of the short working face
  • h is the mining height of the short working face
  • the shearer, hydraulic support and belt conveyor equipment in the short working face I11 and the short working face II12 are debugged, and the short section work is simultaneously mined.
  • the excavator is used to excavate the opening and cutting eye 4 between the short section working surface I11 and the short section working surface II12, so that the short section working surface I11 is short.
  • the remaining roadway 31 and the open cut eye 4 retained by the section working face II12 constitute a long section working face mining system;

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

公开了一种清洁高效的采煤方法,适用于矿井固体废弃物处理领域。根据矿井产生的固废排放量,包括井下煤矸石和地面粉煤灰,设计短段工作面(11,12)的宽度;先填充开采两个相邻的短段工作面(11,12),沿充填面边缘以及实体煤侧进行锚杆支护保留巷道;两个短段工作面(11,12)保留下的巷道与中间的煤体构成长段工作面(21);开采长段工作面(21),同时跳采两侧短段充填工作面,长段工作面(21)产生的矸石同时也运转到短段工作面进行充填,从而实现短面充填开采、长面高效回采的连续开采系统。该方法可处理矿井地面和井下所有的固体废弃物,降低了矸石处理的成本,减轻了对生态环境的损害,同时利用固体废弃物充填采空区形成巷道,消除了煤柱,提高资源的回收率。

Description

一种清洁高效的采煤方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种清洁高效的采煤方法,尤其适用于矿井固体废弃物处理领域。
背景技术
随着国家资源的不断整合,年产千万吨的大型矿井不断增多,使得矿井产生的固体废弃物呈现爆发式的增长,煤矿固体废弃物最主要的是煤矸石、洗选矸石、粉煤灰,现在处理的方式大多是集中露天堆放,不仅对矿区生态环境造成伤害,而且对矿区人员生存环境造成严重威胁。
根据国家的总体规划和要求,新型现代化煤矿的建设是我国今后煤炭工业发展的方向,促进煤矿安全低碳运行和可持续发展的目标,因此,矿井固体废弃物处理方式必须要改变,需探索矿区固废资源化综合利用的新模式。近年来,煤矿企业也提出综合利用的途径,例如,固废发电、生产建筑材料、回收有益矿产品、制取化工产品、改良土壤、生产肥料、回填(包括建筑回填、填低洼地和荒地、充填矿井采空区、煤矿塌陷区复垦)、筑路等,但并不能彻底的解决固废处理问题,目前尚缺少一种既快速处理地面固体废弃物又实现井下固体废弃物不升井的采煤方法。
发明内容
技术问题:本发明的目的是克服已有技术中的不足,提供一种既快速处理地面固体废弃物又实现井下固体废弃物不升井的清洁高效的采煤方法。
技术方案:为实现上述技术目的,本发明的清洁高效的采煤方法,其特征是包括如下步骤:
a.计算现有矿井产生的固体废弃物的体积量,固体废弃物包括井下煤矸石和地面煤矸石、粉煤灰;
b.在矿井井田煤层布置用于充填矿井固体废弃物的长段工作面,在长段工作面的两侧分别布置短段工作面Ⅰ和短段工作面Ⅱ,布置短工作面的宽度为w,调试短段工作面Ⅰ和短段工作面Ⅱ中的采煤机、液压支架和皮带运输机设备,同时开采短段工作面Ⅰ和短段工作面Ⅱ,在开采中将现有矿井的固体废弃物以及开采中产生的煤矸石进行充填,对充填面边缘以及实体煤侧进行锚杆支护保留充填面两侧的留巷;
c.短段工作面Ⅰ和短段工作面Ⅱ开采结束后,利用掘进机在短段工作面Ⅰ和短段工作面Ⅱ之间掘进出开切眼,从而使短段工作面Ⅰ、短段工作面Ⅱ保留下的留巷和开切眼构成长段 工作面开采系统;
d.开采长段工作面Ⅰ,同时转移短段工作面Ⅰ的开采设备至左侧的短段工作面Ⅲ进行开采,转移短段工作面Ⅱ的开采设备至右侧的短段工作面Ⅳ进行开采,长段工作面开采中产生的煤矸石也转运到短段工作面Ⅲ和短段工作面Ⅳ中进行充填,长段工作面Ⅰ开采后形成采空区,采空区直接垮落。
e.待短段工作面Ⅲ和短段工作面Ⅳ开采完后,再分别掘进开切眼,分别布置长段工作面Ⅱ和长段工作面Ⅲ,重复步骤d,从而实现短段工作面充填开采、长段工作面高效回采的连续开采,以此类推,完成整个井田煤层的开采。
所有短段工作面宽度相同,利用公式w=Q/(2l*h),w≤60m确定,具体尺寸由固体废弃物量Q确定,式中,l为短段工作面长度,h为短段工作面开采高度。
所述的所有长段工作面宽度为150m~300m。
所述的短段工作面充填后保留下的巷道宽度为4~6m。
有益效果:由于采用了上述技术方案,本发明与现有技术相比具有如下优点:
(1)矿井的固体废弃物都可充填到短段工作面中,解决了地面固体废弃物堆放问题,同时又达到了井下固体废弃物不上井要求,降低了矸石处理的成本,减轻了对生态环境的损害,有利于矿井的可持续发展。
(2)长段工作面回采后,两侧的短段工作面同时充填开采,实现了短面充填开采、长面高效回采的连续开采系统。
(3)利用固体废弃物充填短段工作面采空区形成巷道,消除了煤柱,提高资源的回收率。
附图说明
图1是本发明的一种清洁高效的采煤方法示意图。
图中:11-短段工作面Ⅰ;12-短段工作面Ⅱ;13-短段工作面Ⅲ;14-短段工作面Ⅳ;21-长段工作面Ⅰ;22-长段工作面Ⅱ;23-长段工作面Ⅲ;3-留巷;4-开切眼;5-采空区。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的实施例作进一步的描述:
如图1、图2和图3所示,本发明的清洁高效的采煤方法,包括如下步骤:
a.计算现有矿井产生的固体废弃物的体积量,固体废弃物包括井下煤矸石和地面煤矸石、粉煤灰;
b.在矿井井田煤层布置用于充填矿井固体废弃物的长段工作面21,所述的长段工作面宽度为150m~300m,在长段工作面21的两侧分别布置短段工作面Ⅰ11和短段工作面Ⅱ12,布 置短工作面的宽度为w,所有短段工作面宽度相同,利用公式w=Q/(2l*h),w≤60m确定,具体尺寸由固体废弃物量Q确定,式中,l为短段工作面长度,h为短段工作面开采高度;调试短段工作面Ⅰ11和短段工作面Ⅱ12中的采煤机、液压支架和皮带运输机设备,同时开采短段工作面Ⅰ和短段工作面Ⅱ,在开采中将现有矿井的固体废弃物以及开采中产生的煤矸石进行充填,对充填面边缘以及实体煤侧进行锚杆支护保留充填面两侧的留巷3,所述的两个短段工作面充填后保留下的巷道3宽度为4~6m;
c.短段工作面Ⅰ11和短段工作面Ⅱ12开采结束后,利用掘进机在短段工作面Ⅰ11和短段工作面Ⅱ12之间掘进出开切眼4,从而使短段工作面Ⅰ11、短段工作面Ⅱ12保留下的留巷31和开切眼4构成长段工作面开采系统;
d.开采长段工作面Ⅰ21,同时转移短段工作面Ⅰ11的开采设备至左侧的短段工作面Ⅲ14进行开采,转移短段工作面Ⅱ12的开采设备至右侧的短段工作面Ⅳ13进行开采,长段工作面21开采中产生的煤矸石也转运到短段工作面Ⅲ14和短段工作面Ⅳ13中进行充填,长段工作面Ⅰ21开采后形成采空区5,采空区直接垮落。
e.待短段工作面Ⅲ14和短段工作面Ⅳ13开采完后,再分别掘进开切眼,分别布置长段工作面Ⅱ22和长段工作面Ⅲ23,重复步骤d,从而实现短段工作面充填开采、长段工作面高效回采的连续开采,以此类推,完成整个井田煤层的开采。

Claims (4)

  1. 一种清洁高效的采煤方法,其特征是包括如下步骤:
    a.计算现有矿井产生的固体废弃物的体积量,固体废弃物包括井下煤矸石和地面煤矸石、粉煤灰;
    b.在矿井井田煤层布置用于充填矿井固体废弃物的长段工作面Ⅰ(21),在长段工作面Ⅰ(21)的两侧分别布置短段工作面Ⅰ(11)和短段工作面Ⅱ(12),布置短工作面的宽度为w,调试短段工作面Ⅰ(11)和短段工作面Ⅱ(12)中的采煤机、液压支架和皮带运输机设备,同时开采短段工作面Ⅰ和短段工作面Ⅱ,在开采中将现有矿井的固体废弃物以及开采中产生的煤矸石进行充填,对充填面边缘以及实体煤侧进行锚杆支护保留充填面两侧的留巷(3);
    c.短段工作面Ⅰ(11)和短段工作面Ⅱ(12)开采结束后,利用掘进机在短段工作面Ⅰ(11)和短段工作面Ⅱ(12)之间掘进出开切眼(4),从而使短段工作面Ⅰ(11)、短段工作面Ⅱ(12)保留下的留巷(3)和开切眼(4)构成长段工作面开采系统;
    d.开采长段工作面Ⅰ(21),同时转移短段工作面Ⅰ(11)的开采设备至左侧的短段工作面Ⅲ(14)进行开采,转移短段工作面Ⅱ(12)的开采设备至右侧的短段工作面Ⅳ(13)进行开采,长段工作面Ⅰ(21)开采中产生的煤矸石也转运到短段工作面Ⅲ(14)和短段工作面Ⅳ(13)中进行充填,长段工作面Ⅰ(21)开采后形成采空区(5),采空区直接垮落。
    e.待短段工作面Ⅲ(14)和短段工作面Ⅳ(13)开采完后,再分别掘进开切眼(4),分别布置长段工作面Ⅱ(22)和长段工作面Ⅲ(23),重复步骤d,从而实现短段工作面充填开采、长段工作面高效回采的连续开采,以此类推,完成整个井田煤层的开采。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种清洁高效的采煤方法,其特征是:所有短段工作面宽度相同,利用公式w=Q/(2l*h),w≤60m确定,具体尺寸由固体废弃物量Q确定,式中,l为短段工作面长度,h为短段工作面开采高度。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种清洁高效的采煤方法,其特征是:所述的长段工作面宽度为150m~300m。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种清洁高效的采煤方法,其特征是:所述的两个短段工作面充填后保留下的巷道(3)宽度为4~6m。
PCT/CN2018/078771 2017-12-08 2018-03-13 一种清洁高效的采煤方法 WO2019109535A1 (zh)

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