WO2019103057A1 - Dispositif de détection de tissu anormal - Google Patents

Dispositif de détection de tissu anormal Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019103057A1
WO2019103057A1 PCT/JP2018/043059 JP2018043059W WO2019103057A1 WO 2019103057 A1 WO2019103057 A1 WO 2019103057A1 JP 2018043059 W JP2018043059 W JP 2018043059W WO 2019103057 A1 WO2019103057 A1 WO 2019103057A1
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Prior art keywords
antenna
signal
abnormal tissue
reference signal
signals
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PCT/JP2018/043059
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
公麿 吉川
航 宋
Original Assignee
国立大学法人広島大学
株式会社島津製作所
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Application filed by 国立大学法人広島大学, 株式会社島津製作所 filed Critical 国立大学法人広島大学
Priority to JP2019555344A priority Critical patent/JP6849980B2/ja
Publication of WO2019103057A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019103057A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B10/00—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves 
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N22/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of microwaves or radio waves, i.e. electromagnetic waves with a wavelength of one millimetre or more
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N22/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of microwaves or radio waves, i.e. electromagnetic waves with a wavelength of one millimetre or more
    • G01N22/02—Investigating the presence of flaws

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an abnormal tissue detection apparatus.
  • the component of the reflected wave from the abnormal tissue in the examination site is extracted and examined by radiating the microwave to the examination site of the subject and processing the received signal of the microwave detected by the receiving antenna.
  • An abnormal tissue detection apparatus has been proposed that estimates the distribution of abnormal tissue in a site (e.g., Patent Document 1).
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an abnormal tissue detection device capable of detecting abnormal tissue at an examination site with high accuracy.
  • any one of a plurality of transmission antennas for transmitting microwaves toward an examination site of a subject and any of the plurality of transmission antennas transmits, and direct waves from the transmission antennas are transmitted.
  • Reference signal generation means for combining a plurality of signals received by the receiving antenna to generate a reference signal in a state of relative positional relationship with an abnormal tissue at a site being different, and each of the plurality of signals and the reference signal generation means
  • the component of the reflected wave from the abnormal tissue at the examination site included in each of the plurality of signals is estimated by comparing with the reference signal to be generated.
  • the reference signal generation unit generates the reference signal by combining the plurality of signals, and the weighting factor is equal to that in the case where the weighting is made uniform. It is characterized in that it is determined such that the sum of the differences in signal strength in the section including the component of the direct wave between each of them and the reference signal becomes small.
  • identical does not only indicate strictly the same but also includes substantially the same.
  • an abnormal tissue detection apparatus provided with a plurality of transmitting antennas and receiving antennas
  • transmission due to the effect of attachment error of the transmitting antennas and receiving antennas Although it is conceivable that the distance between the antenna and the receiving antenna is slightly different in each combination, such a case is also included in the “same” range.
  • abnormal tissue at an examination site can be detected with high accuracy.
  • (A) is a perspective view which shows the external appearance of the abnormal tissue detection apparatus which concerns on embodiment
  • (B) is a disassembled perspective view which shows the structure of the abnormal tissue detection apparatus which concerns on embodiment.
  • (A) is a side view showing the configuration of the antenna array
  • (B) is a top view showing the configuration of the antenna array.
  • It is a block diagram which shows the structure of an abnormal tissue detection apparatus. It is a graph which shows an example of the impulse signal output from a transmission part.
  • (A) is a schematic view showing a transmitting / receiving antenna and a breast at the time of abnormal tissue detection
  • (B) is a schematic view showing a detection principle of abnormal tissue
  • (C) is a schematic view showing a received signal. is there.
  • FIG. (A) shows an example of a differential signal corresponding to one rotation when Tikhonov regularization is applied to 60 received signals
  • (B) shows Tikhonov regularization with 60 received signals. It is a figure which shows the example of the difference signal for 1 rotation at the time of not applying.
  • (A) is a figure which shows the example of a confocal image at the time of applying Tikhonov regularization with 40 received signals
  • (B) is a case where Tikhonov regularization is not applied with 40 received signals
  • It is a figure which shows the example of the confocal image of. It is a perspective view which shows the modification of an abnormal tissue detection device.
  • an abnormal tissue detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, taking an abnormal tissue detection apparatus for detecting breast cancer as an example.
  • the abnormal tissue detection device 1 includes a rotating unit 9 including a housing 57, an antenna unit 3 and the like, a fixed base 31, and a driving unit. And 33 and a handle 51.
  • a driving unit 33 for rotating the rotating unit 9 is fixed to the fixed base 31.
  • the drive unit 33 is, for example, a stepping motor.
  • the rotary unit of the drive unit 33 is fixed to the lid 52.
  • the abnormal tissue detection device 1 rotatably supports the rotating unit 9 including the lid 52, the housing 57, the antenna unit 3 and the like.
  • a handle 51 is attached to the upper portion of the fixed base 31. The examiner holds the handle 51 and abuts the rotary unit 9 against the breast, which is the examination site of the subject, for examination.
  • the rotating unit 9 includes a lid 52, a control substrate 55, a high frequency substrate 56, a housing 57, an antenna unit 3, an antenna cover 41, and a sleeve 42.
  • the antenna unit 3 includes an antenna base 37, an antenna attachment portion 39, and an antenna array 38.
  • the antenna base 37 is a mounting member for fixing the antenna mounting portion 39 to the housing 57.
  • An antenna array 38 including an antenna for transmitting and receiving a microwave radio signal is attached to the antenna attachment unit 39.
  • the antenna mounting portion 39 is fixed to the antenna base 37.
  • the antenna attachment portion 39 is made of, for example, a resin, and the central portion is formed in a dome shape.
  • the antenna array 38 includes transmitting antennas SA1 to SA8 and receiving antennas RA1 to RA8.
  • Each antenna constituting the antenna array 38 is attached to the lower surface of the antenna attachment portion 39, that is, the surface facing the dome-shaped portion of the antenna cover 41 described later.
  • a wire or the like for connecting each antenna to the switch unit 2 described later is disposed on the upper surface side of the antenna attachment unit 39 (inside of the housing 57).
  • the transmitting antennas SA1 to SA8 and the receiving antennas RA1 to RA8 are arranged linearly in the radial direction from the central portion of the antenna mounting portion 39, and four antenna arrays A1 are provided.
  • An antenna array 38 consisting of ⁇ A4 is configured.
  • the antenna cover 41 is disposed so as to cover the outer surface of the antenna attachment portion 39 and is in contact with the subject's body.
  • the antenna cover 41 is screwed to the housing 57 via the sleeve 42.
  • the central portion of the antenna cover 41 is formed in a dome shape concentric with the antenna attachment portion 39, and has a shape that facilitates contact with the breast as the examination site.
  • a plurality of antenna attachment portions 39 and antenna covers 41 having different sizes may be prepared in advance so that ones suitable for the size of the subject's breast can be selected.
  • a dielectric such as vaseline or anhydrous glycerin, which has a dielectric constant close to the dielectric constant of the subject's body and the dielectric constant of the antenna cover 41, is filled.
  • a dielectric such as vaseline or anhydrous glycerin, which has a dielectric constant close to the dielectric constant of the subject's body and the dielectric constant of the antenna cover 41.
  • the control board 55 is a printed wiring board on which hardware circuits for realizing the functions of the control unit 14, the storage unit 15, and the drive control unit 34 shown in the block diagram of FIG. 3 are mounted. ing.
  • the drive control unit 34 is a motor driver that controls the rotation of the stepping motor that is the drive unit 33. As shown in FIG. 3, the drive control unit 34 rotates the drive unit 33 according to the control signal from the control unit 14 to rotate the antenna unit 3 including the antenna array 38.
  • the control unit 14 is a part of the signal processing unit, and is a computer (information processing apparatus) including a CPU, a memory, an external storage device, an input / output I / O, a crystal oscillator, and the like. According to the clock signal generated by the crystal oscillator, the CPU executes a program installed in the external storage device and read into the memory, and writes / reads data to the external storage device or an external device through input / output I / O By performing transmission and reception, the function of the control unit 14 is realized.
  • a computer information processing apparatus
  • the storage unit 15 is a part of the signal processing unit, and is a non-volatile memory such as a flash memory or a hard disk. As shown in FIG. 3, the control unit 14 transmits the reception signal RS received from the reception unit 12 to the storage unit 15 and stores the reception signal RS. Further, the control unit 14 reads out the reception signal RS stored in the storage unit 15, and performs signal processing such as calculation of the reference signal SS and extraction of the target signal by calculation of the difference signal DS_n.
  • the control unit 14 outputs a timing signal indicating the timing of outputting the transmission signal TS to the transmission unit 11 and also outputs a control signal CS1 of the CMOS switch 17 by executing the program.
  • the control unit 14 outputs the control signal CS2 of the CMOS switch 19 and also receives the waveform data of the reception signal RS from the reception unit 12.
  • the high frequency substrate 56 is a printed wiring board on which hardware circuits for realizing the functions of the transmitting unit 11, the receiving unit 12 and the switch unit 2 shown in the block diagram of FIG. 3 are mounted. There is.
  • the transmission unit 11 is a hardware circuit that outputs a transmission signal TS which is, for example, an impulse-like electrical signal shown in FIG. 4 in accordance with the timing signal input from the control unit 14. As shown in FIG. 4, the level of this electrical signal is an impulse signal that fluctuates from a positive value to a negative value in a short time.
  • the switch unit 2 is a CMOS switch 17 for selecting a transmitting antenna for transmitting a microwave impulse signal among the transmitting antennas SA1 to SA8, and a receiving antenna for receiving a scattered signal reflected by abnormal tissue among the receiving antennas RA1 to RA8. And a CMOS switch 19 for selecting the
  • the CMOS switch 17 receives the transmission signal TS from the input terminal.
  • the CMOS switch 17 switches the antenna that outputs the input transmission signal TS to any one of the plurality of transmission antennas SA1, SA2, ..., SA8 according to the control signal CS1.
  • the receiving unit 12 is a hardware circuit that outputs the reception signal RS input from the CMOS switch 19 to the control unit 14. That is, this is an input unit that inputs the reception signal RS as the reception signal IS_n to the control unit 14 which is a signal processing unit.
  • the control unit 14 performs signal processing based on the input received signal IS_n to detect an abnormal tissue CA.
  • the CMOS switch 17 is switched to output the transmission signal TS to the transmission antenna SA2.
  • the CMOS switch 19 is switched to output the reception signal RS received by the reception antenna RA2 to the reception unit 12.
  • the signal output from the transmitting antenna SA2 is preferably an impulse signal in the sense that it includes more frequency components, but even a sine wave consisting of a single frequency component is a slope waveform including a plurality of frequency components, Also good.
  • the control unit 14 controls the CMOS switches 17 and 19 by the control signals CS1 and CS2 to output the transmission signal TS to the CMOS switch 17 while switching the combination of the transmission antennas SA1 to SA8 and the reception antennas RA1 to RA8.
  • the control unit 14 also receives the reception signal RS output from the reception antennas RA1 to RA8 via the CMOS switch 19 and operates as a signal processing unit that performs signal processing on the input electric signal.
  • the abnormal tissue detection apparatus 1 transmits and receives radio waves of impulse microwaves, and detects abnormal tissue, that is, breast cancer, based on the transmission and reception results.
  • the abnormal tissue detection device 1 sets the rotation angle ⁇ of the rotation unit 9, that is, the antenna unit 3 including the transmission antenna SA1 and the reception antenna RA1 as the initial angle ⁇ 1 (angle 1). , Radiate the microwave impulse signal MW from the transmitting antenna SA1.
  • abnormal tissue CA such as cancer tissue is known to have a dielectric constant about 5 to 10 times higher than that of normal living tissue. Therefore, when the abnormal tissue CA is present, the microwaves are reflected at the interface of the region of different dielectric constant, that is, the surface of the abnormal tissue CA, and are received by the receiving antenna RA1 (hereinafter referred to as a reflected wave).
  • T1 ⁇ c (c: the speed of light in the living body) is It is the stroke distance of the impulse signal MW of the wave.
  • the abnormal tissue CA is positioned on the ellipse E1 with the transmission antenna SA1 and the reception antenna RA1 as focal points at the rotation angle ⁇ 1 and the sum of the distances from the transmission antenna SA1 and the reception antenna RA1 being T1 ⁇ c. .
  • the drive control unit 34 rotates the rotation unit 9 including the transmission antenna SA1 and the reception antenna RA1, and sets the rotation angle ⁇ to ⁇ 2 (angle 2).
  • the abnormal tissue detection device 1 radiates the microwave impulse signal MW from the transmission antenna SA1 and receives it by the reception antenna RA1. Assuming that the time from when the microwave impulse signal MW is radiated to when the receiving antenna RA1 receives the reflected wave is T2 [s], T2 ⁇ c is the travel distance of the microwave impulse signal MW.
  • the abnormal tissue CA is positioned on the ellipse E2 with the transmitting antenna SA1 and the receiving antenna RA1 as focal points at the rotation angle ⁇ 2 and the sum of the distances from the transmitting antenna SA1 and the receiving antenna RA1 being T2 ⁇ c. .
  • the same processing is performed while sequentially rotating the transmitting antenna SA1 and the receiving antenna RA1, and the position of the abnormal tissue CA is determined by finding the intersection of a plurality of ellipses E1 to EN (N is a natural number, not shown for E3 or less). It can be asked.
  • the antenna for transmitting the impulse signal MW is switched to the transmission antenna SA2, and microwaves are emitted from the transmission antenna SA2, and this is received by the reception antenna RA2, and the same processing is performed. Thereafter, the microwaves are radiated while the transmitting antenna is sequentially switched, the reflected wave is received by the receiving antenna, and the same processing is performed, whereby the position of the abnormal tissue CA can be specified more accurately.
  • the signal received by the receiving antenna RA1 includes components other than the component of the reflected wave. That is, the signal received by the receiving antenna RA1 includes a direct wave component and a quantum noise component.
  • the direct wave is a wave in which the microwave radiated from the transmitting antenna SA1 propagates the closest path and reaches the receiving antenna RA1. Therefore, the signal actually received by the receiving antenna RA1 includes the component of the combined wave of the direct wave and the reflected wave when the abnormal tissue CA is present, and only the component of the direct wave when the abnormal tissue CA is not present. It will be included.
  • Direct waves have higher signal strength and shorter propagation time than reflected waves. It is necessary to accurately estimate the propagation time of the reflected wave by suppressing the component of the direct wave and other noise signal components from the synthetic wave or emphasizing the component of the reflected wave by utilizing the difference in this property. There is.
  • the component of the direct wave is constant although the component of the direct wave is constant even if the rotation angle ⁇ and the combination of transmitting antenna and receiving antenna are different. Varies with the relative positional relationship between these antennas and the abnormal tissue CA. Therefore, every received signal can be obtained by simply averaging the received signals measured in a positional relationship in which the distance between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna is the same and the relative positions of the antenna and the abnormal tissue CA are different.
  • the components of the quantum noise and the component of the reflected wave, which are different signal components, are canceled out and become relatively smaller, and the component of the direct wave, which is a component common to each received signal, is emphasized and made relatively larger.
  • the component of the wave can be estimated (hereinafter referred to as a reference signal). Then, by subtracting a reference signal which is a direct wave estimated from each received signal, a relatively reflected wave enhanced signal can be generated.
  • the direct wave path has a certain cross section.
  • the presence or absence of reflection on the surface of the abnormal tissue CA differs depending on whether or not the abnormal tissue CA is present in the direct wave path.
  • the strength and propagation speed of the direct wave are It is different.
  • the differences in direct wave strength and propagation speed due to these causes result in slight differences in the components of the direct wave in each received signal.
  • a reference signal in which the component of the direct wave is distorted can be obtained. Therefore, when such a reference signal is subtracted from each received signal, the component of the direct wave is not subtracted as ideal, and the distortion component remains. Even if the residual distortion component is weak compared to the direct wave component, the intensity of the reflected wave component is weak compared to the direct wave component, so the reflected wave component is It may be identified incorrectly.
  • the reference signal is acquired by performing weighted addition on each received signal.
  • the weighting factor used in the weighting addition is such that the sum of differences in signal strength in the section including the direct wave component between the reference signal and each received signal is smaller than when weighting is uniformed. To be determined. In other words, the signal value of the acquired reference signal is determined to be more consistent with the signal value of the direct wave component of each received signal.
  • a method of determining a weighting factor by a Wiener filter to which Tikhonov regularization is applied will be described.
  • a section including the component of the direct wave in the received signal IS_n is referred to as a first section, and a section including the component of the reflected wave is referred to as a second section.
  • the control unit 14 sets a first section and a second section for the reception signal IS_n.
  • various methods may be applied to the setting of the first section.
  • the transmitting antenna SA1 radiates the impulse signal From this, it is possible to calculate an approximate time width until the direct wave reaching the reception antenna RA1 is attenuated, and this time width may be set as the first section in the reception signal IS_n.
  • the radiation of the impulse signal from the transmitting antenna SA1 and the reception of the signal by the receiving antenna RA1 are performed on the phantom in which the examination site is simulated in advance, so that the transmitting antenna SA1 radiates the impulse signal, and then the receiving antenna A possible method is to acquire the time width until the direct wave reaching RA1 attenuates and store it in the storage unit 15.
  • the time width stored in the storage unit 15 is called out. It can be set as a section. Then, the time width after the first section is set as the second section.
  • L is the number of samplings in the first section of each received signal
  • b is a reference signal vector
  • H is a received signal matrix
  • w is a weight coefficient vector.
  • each element in the weight coefficient vector w is a weight coefficient w by which each received signal IS_n is multiplied when generating the reference signal SS.
  • ⁇ is a regularization parameter, and is arbitrarily set in the range of ⁇ > 0. The introduction of the second term of the equation (1) including ⁇ can prevent the norm of each element of the weight coefficient vector w from becoming excessive. However, if an excessive ⁇ is set, each element of the weighting coefficient vector w converges to 1 / n, so the result is the same as when the reference signal SS is generated by simply averaging the received signal IS_n.
  • Formula (1) can be transformed into Formula (5) by introducing variables x and y shown in the following formulas.
  • Equation (6) the least squares solution of Equation (5) is given by Equation (6) below.
  • the weighting factor to be determined is given by the following equation (7).
  • the control unit 14 generates the reference signal SS by multiplying the signal of the first section and the signal of the second section in the corresponding received signal IS_n by multiplying the weighting factor w calculated by the above method. . Furthermore, the control unit 14 subtracts the reference signal SS from each received signal IS_n to calculate a difference signal DS_n.
  • the signal value in the reference signal SS is generated to more closely match the signal value of the direct wave component of each received signal IS_n, the strength of the direct wave component included in the difference signal DS_n Is extremely small compared to the intensity of the component of the reflected wave. Therefore, for example, by setting an appropriate threshold for the signal strength, it is possible to accurately extract the component of the reflected wave in the difference signal DS_n.
  • the weighting factor w of weighted addition is calculated so that the generated reference signal SS is more consistent with the component of the direct wave of each received signal IS_n. It is desirable to set, as the first section for the reception signal IS_n, a section that includes the direct wave component and does not include the reflected wave component. However, in the present invention, the first section is set such that at least the first section to be set includes a part of the component of the direct wave and the part of the component of the reflected wave is outside the first section. It should be done.
  • the component of the direct wave of each received signal IS_n is more consistent than the reference signal SS obtained by integrating the received signal IS_n in a uniform weighting state.
  • the weighting factor w can be determined to obtain a reference signal SS.
  • the weighting factor is determined by the Wiener filter to which Tikhonov regularization is applied.
  • the reference signal SS obtained by integrating the received signal IS_n in a uniform state is used.
  • various operations can be applied as long as the weighting factor w is determined so as to obtain a more matching reference signal SS for the direct wave component of each received signal IS_n.
  • abnormal tissue detection processing in the abnormal tissue detection apparatus 1 that is, signal processing using the reference signal SS will be described based on a flowchart shown in FIG.
  • the control unit 14 further rotates the rotating unit 9 to transmit and receive signals between the transmitting antenna SA1 and the receiving antenna RA1.
  • step S14 When the rotation angle ⁇ reaches 360 ° and the reception of the reception signal IS_n is completed (step S14; YES), signal processing of the input reception signal IS_n is started.
  • the control unit 14 reads the reception signal IS_n from the storage unit 15 (step S16).
  • the control unit 14 sets a first section and a second section for the received signal IS_n, and based on the signal of the first section of each received signal IS_n, a weighting factor by the Wiener filter to which Tikhonov regularization is applied. w is determined (step S17). Subsequently, a reference signal SS is generated by multiplying the signal of the first section and the signal of the second section in the corresponding received signal IS_n by multiplying the determined weighting factor w and adding (step S18). The control unit 14 further subtracts the reference signal SS from each received signal IS_n to calculate a difference signal DS_n (step S19). Then, the component of the reflected wave in the difference signal DS_n is extracted, and based on the extracted component of the reflected wave, the position of the abnormal tissue CA at the examination site is detected (step S20), and the signal processing is ended.
  • FIG. 9A shows the received signal IS_n when the rotation angle of the rotation unit 9 is 126 °, the reference signal SS calculated by the method of the present invention, and the difference signal DS_n obtained by subtracting the reference signal SS from the received signal IS_n.
  • FIG. 9B shows a difference signal DS_n obtained by subtracting the reference signal SS from the reference signal SS and the reception signal IS_n in the case where the reception signal IS_n is integrated with the reception signal IS_n in a uniform state to obtain weighting. Is shown. From this, it can be seen that the application of the method of the present invention suppresses the component of the direct wave in the difference signal DS_n sufficiently smaller than the component of the reflected wave.
  • FIG. 10A shows the result of one rotation, in which the difference signal DS_n is calculated at each position where the rotation angle of the rotation unit 9 is from 0 ° to 360 °.
  • FIG. 10 (B) uses the weighting coefficient w determined by applying the Wiener filter to which the Tikhonov regularization shown in the following equation (8) is not applied, to the first section of the received signal IS_n. It shows the result for one rotation when calculated.
  • the noise in the second section is reduced compared to the case where the Tikhonov regularization shown in FIG. 10B is not used.
  • the weight coefficient w in the case of Tikhonov regularization is suppressed to be smaller than the weight coefficient w in the case of no Tikhonov regularization.
  • FIGS. 12A and 12B show the results of the above-described FIGS. 10A and 10B as confocal images.
  • the SCR Signal to Clutter Ratio
  • the weighting factor w is calculated by the Wiener filter to which Tikhonov regularization is applied, it is possible to prevent the norm of the weighting factor w from becoming excessive. .
  • the target signal can be clearly extracted by appropriately removing the noise signal and improving the S / N ratio of the differential signal.
  • the transmitting antenna SA1 and the receiving antenna RA1 While maintaining the relative positional relationship between the transmitting antenna SA1 and the receiving antenna RA1, these antennas are rotated around the inspection site, and the plurality of received signals IS_n are acquired during that time, but It is not limited to. In the present invention, it is only necessary to acquire a plurality of signals in a state in which the distance between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna is the same and the relative positional relationship between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna and the abnormal tissue at the examination site is different.
  • an abnormal tissue detection apparatus provided with an antenna array in which a plurality of antennas are arranged, a plurality of combinations are determined such that the distance between the antennas is the same, and in each combination, from one antenna to the examination site
  • the other antenna may be configured to emit a microwave and receive a signal including a reflected wave from abnormal tissue at the examination site.
  • the input unit is the receiving unit 12, the present invention is not limited to this.
  • it may be an external storage device such as a hard disk or a flash memory storing the reception signal IS_n acquired in advance.
  • the antenna cover 41 is fixed to the housing 57 and is rotated together with the antenna attachment portion 39, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the antenna cover 41 may be connected to the fixed plate 44 attached between the fixed base 31 and the handle 51 via the sleeve 42.
  • the antenna cover 41 connected to the fixed plate 44 is configured not to rotate. Therefore, since the antenna cover 41 in contact with the subject does not rotate during the examination, the physical burden on the subject during the examination can be reduced.
  • any one of the plurality of transmission antennas for transmitting the microwave toward the examination site of the subject and the plurality of transmission antennas transmits, and the direct transmission from the transmission antenna is performed.
  • a plurality of receiving antennas for receiving a microwave including a component of the wave and a component of the reflected wave from the abnormal tissue at the examination site, the distance between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are the same, and the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna
  • Reference signal generation means for combining a plurality of signals received by the receiving antenna to generate a reference signal in a state where relative positional relationship between the test site and the abnormal tissue is different, each of the plurality of signals and the reference signal generation means
  • the reference signal generation unit generates the reference signal by combining the plurality of signals, and the plurality of signals are compared with the case where the weighting coefficient is made uniform It is determined such that the sum of the
  • the above-described abnormal tissue detection device is determined such that the sum of differences in signal strength in the section including the direct wave component between each of the plurality of signals and the reference signal is smaller than when weighting is uniform.
  • the reference signal is generated using the weighting factor, and the components of the reflected wave from the abnormal tissue included in each of the plurality of signals are accurately extracted by comparing the plurality of signals with the reference signal. Abnormal tissue can be detected with high accuracy.
  • the abnormal tissue detection apparatus further includes rotation control means for rotating the periphery of the examination site while maintaining the relative positions of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna, and the reference signal generating means may transmit the rotation control means While rotating the antenna and the receiving antenna, the receiving antenna may generate a reference signal based on the plurality of signals received at different rotation angles.
  • the rotation control means accurately extracts the component of the reflected wave from the abnormal tissue contained in each of the plurality of signals acquired while rotating the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna around the examination site, Abnormal tissue can be detected with high accuracy.
  • the rotation control means may generate the reference signal based on the plurality of signals received by the receiving antenna while the pair of transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna rotate around the inspection site. May be generated. Thereby, the components of the reflected wave from the abnormal tissue included in each of the plurality of signals acquired while the pair of transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna rotate around the examination site are accurately extracted, and the abnormal tissue of the examination site Can be detected with high accuracy.
  • Each of the plurality of signals has a first section including a component of a direct wave and a second section including a component of a reflected wave
  • the reference signal generation unit is configured to calculate each of the plurality of signals.
  • the weighting factor is determined based on the signal of the first section in the above, and the weighted addition is performed on the signal of the first section and the signal of the second section in each of the plurality of signals.
  • a reference signal may be generated.
  • the component of the direct wave in each of the plurality of signals is the component of the reflected wave
  • the weighting factor is determined to be smaller than. Thereby, the component of the reflected wave from the abnormal tissue contained in each of the plurality of signals can be extracted more accurately, and the abnormal tissue at the examination site can be detected with high accuracy.
  • the reference signal generation unit may determine the weighting factor by a Wiener filter to which Tikhonov regularization is applied, based on the signal of the first section in each of the plurality of signals.
  • application of Tikhonov regularization can prevent the norm of the determined weighting factor from becoming excessive, and improve the S / N ratio of the signal acquired by comparing each of the plurality of signals with the reference signal. be able to.
  • the examination site may be a breast
  • the abnormal tissue may be a cancer contained in the breast.
  • the breast cancer contained in a breast can be detected based on the component of the extracted reflected wave.
  • the present invention is suitable for an antenna device used for a breast cancer sensor or the like.
  • the present invention is applicable not only to breast cancer sensors but also to detection and discrimination of regions with different dielectric constants in a living body such as other tumors. Moreover, it can be applied to detection / discrimination of detection objects having different dielectric constants from the surroundings regardless of the living body.
  • SYMBOLS 1 abnormal tissue detection apparatus 2 switch part, 3 antenna part, 9 rotation part, 11 transmission part, 12 receiver, 14 control part, 15 memory part, 17, 19 CMOS switch, 31 fixed base, 33 drive part, 34 Drive control unit, 37 antenna bases, 38 antenna arrays, 39 antenna mounting portions, 41 antenna covers, 42 sleeves, 44 fixed plates, 51 handles, 52 lids, 55 control boards, 56 high frequency boards, 57 cases, SA1 to SA8 transmission Antenna, RA1 to RA8 reception antenna, A1 to A4 antenna array, CA abnormal tissue, L inductor, E 1 , E 2 ellipse, SS reference signal, TS transmission signal, RS reception signal, MW impulse signal, RW reflection signal, CS1, CS2 control signal

Abstract

Le problème décrit par la présente invention est de fournir un dispositif de détection de tissu anormal qui peut détecter, avec un degré élevé de précision, un tissu anormal au niveau d'un site d'examen. La solution selon l'invention porte sur un dispositif de détection de tissu anormal qui détecte des composants d'une onde réfléchie à partir d'un tissu anormal, par comparaison de chacun d'une pluralité de signaux de réception IS_n et d'un signal de référence SS généré par pondération, avec un coefficient de pondération, et l'ajout de chacun de la pluralité de signaux de réception IS_n. Les coefficients de pondération pour chacun de la pluralité de signaux de réception IS_n sont déterminés de manière à réduire, par rapport au cas où les pondérations sont égales, la différence d'intensité de signal totale entre chaque signal de la pluralité de signaux de réception IS_n et le signal de référence SS, dans une section qui comprend un composant d'une onde directe d'une antenne de transmission à une antenne de réception.
PCT/JP2018/043059 2017-11-27 2018-11-21 Dispositif de détection de tissu anormal WO2019103057A1 (fr)

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