WO2019101022A1 - 一种零和式低碳油烟净化器及净化系统 - Google Patents

一种零和式低碳油烟净化器及净化系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019101022A1
WO2019101022A1 PCT/CN2018/116050 CN2018116050W WO2019101022A1 WO 2019101022 A1 WO2019101022 A1 WO 2019101022A1 CN 2018116050 W CN2018116050 W CN 2018116050W WO 2019101022 A1 WO2019101022 A1 WO 2019101022A1
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Prior art keywords
fan
air
zero
air curtain
curtain
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PCT/CN2018/116050
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨肇
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杨肇
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Application filed by 杨肇 filed Critical 杨肇
Priority to ES18880456T priority Critical patent/ES2908351T3/es
Priority to DK18880456.1T priority patent/DK3708913T3/da
Priority to PL18880456T priority patent/PL3708913T3/pl
Priority to EP18880456.1A priority patent/EP3708913B1/en
Priority to US16/767,156 priority patent/US11460196B2/en
Publication of WO2019101022A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019101022A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C15/00—Details
    • F24C15/20—Removing cooking fumes
    • F24C15/2042—Devices for removing cooking fumes structurally associated with a cooking range e.g. downdraft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C15/00—Details
    • F24C15/20—Removing cooking fumes
    • F24C15/2021—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C15/00—Details
    • F24C15/20—Removing cooking fumes
    • F24C15/2028—Removing cooking fumes using an air curtain
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C15/00—Details
    • F24C15/20—Removing cooking fumes
    • F24C15/2035—Arrangement or mounting of filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C15/00—Details
    • F24C15/20—Removing cooking fumes
    • F24C15/2064—Removing cooking fumes illumination for cooking hood

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of cooking fume processing integrated devices, in particular to a zero-sum low-carbon soot purifier.
  • hoods and integrated stoves only discharge the mixture of soot and air from the interior to the outside when handling cooking fumes.
  • the hood and integrated stove work will cause indoor air negative pressure, and will be indoors.
  • the heating or cooling air is discharged to the outside, causing great energy loss, and is more likely to cause indoor air to be thin and lack of oxygen, and the resulting safety hazard cannot be underestimated.
  • the direct power consumption of the range hood and integrated stove is no more than 0.5 kWh/hour.
  • the hourly environmental energy consumption of the hood and integrated stove is more than 10 times of its own energy consumption.
  • the existing technology has the problem that the existing hood and integrated stove use one hour of environmental energy consumption is more than 10 times its own energy consumption.
  • the harmful particulate matter in the soot is directly discharged to the outdoor polluted air, and the noise pollution is serious.
  • the present invention provides a zero-sum low-carbon soot purifier.
  • the zero-sum low-carbon soot purifier includes:
  • a power system of a device consisting of a suction fan, a booster fan for exhausting smoke, a wind curtain fan and a check valve actuator, a control circuit and an intelligent controller; wherein the oil suction fan, the static pressure box and the air curtain fan constitute a range exhaust system ;
  • a fume exhaust system consisting of a static pressure tank, a supercharger fan for exhausting smoke, and a check valve;
  • a silent system consisting of a pre-filter, a muffler, a static pressure box and an air curtain system
  • An energy-saving system consisting of a wind curtain inlet air duct, a wind curtain air outlet duct and a wind curtain fan.
  • the cooktop cabinet of the zero-sum low-carbon soot purifier is integrated with a disinfection cabinet, an oven or a steamer.
  • the air curtain fan in the power system of the device is installed on the air curtain inlet air duct, the upper end of the air curtain fan is connected to the oil suction fan, and the upper end of the oil suction fan is connected to the booster fan, and the booster fan a check valve actuator is installed at the exhaust vent;
  • the control ends of the oil suction fan, the booster fan, the check valve actuator, and the air curtain fan are electrically connected to the intelligent controller.
  • the external fan of the exhaust fan of the exhaust fume system is provided with a muffling device, and the outer part of the muffler device is provided with a static pressure box; the pre-filter is placed at the front end of the suction port of the fume extraction fan;
  • the upper end of the air curtain fan of the energy-saving system is provided with a wind curtain inlet air duct, and the wind curtain air outlet is installed at the end of the air curtain air outlet duct.
  • a lower end of the pre-filter of the mute system is welded with a bracket, and a lower end of the bracket is provided with a cooktop, and a surface of the cooktop is embedded with a cooktop.
  • the muffler includes a muffler, and the outer portion of the muffler is wrapped with a muffler cover, and the muffler is internally wrapped with a muffler inner liner, and the interlayer is interposed between the outer cover and the inner cover as a muffling material.
  • the air outlet of the range hood fan and the air inlet of the booster fan are connected through the internal space of the static pressure box; the air outlet of the range hood and the air inlet of the air curtain duct are connected through the internal space of the static pressure box, and the wind
  • the curtain airflow is derived from the airflow exhausted by the suction fan.
  • the upper end of the pre-filter is equipped with a soot air inlet, and the pre-filter is provided with a filter body by the filter frame;
  • a condensing baffle is disposed in parallel with a lower portion of the bottom surface of the pre-filter; an oil box is mounted on a lower end of the pre-filter, an illumination lamp is embedded in an upper end of the pre-filter, and a back surface of the illumination is embedded switch panel.
  • the lower end of the muffler is installed on the air outlet of the oil smog fan, and is fixed on the bottom plate of the static pressure box.
  • the control circuit is wrapped with a control circuit box outside; the end of the anti-wind valve is installed with an air outlet pipe.
  • a wind curtain air outlet is installed at an end of the air curtain fan.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a kitchen and restaurant soot purifier equipped with a zero-sum low-carbon fume purifier.
  • the zero-sum low-carbon soot purifier has better smoke-exhausting function than the range hood and the integrated stove, and has the function of integrating the stove integrated stove and the disinfection cabinet (steam box or oven), the soot Through two filtrations, there is no need to clean the machine body to reduce the pollution of the smoke to the atmosphere; the design of the muffler and the static pressure box greatly reduces the noise pollution; the oil suction fan, the static pressure box and the booster fan are connected in series, and the static pressure box will absorb the oil smoke. The dynamic pressure of the fan outlet is converted into static pressure and further pressurized by the booster fan.
  • the airflow exiting the purifier obtains a higher potential to overcome the resistance of the exhaust pipe and the public flue; a part of the airflow entering the static pressure tank passes through the air curtain.
  • the air inlet is diverted into the air curtain system, and is sent to the air curtain outlet air passage through the air curtain fan, forming a wind curtain on the front side of the cooktop and the cooker on both sides, and interacting with the negative pressure zone generated when the oil suction blower works, cooking
  • the generated soot package flows through the pre-smoke filter and is sent to the range hood fan to suppress the spread of the soot, prevent the fumes from escaping, prevent the indoor air from being discharged outdoors, and avoid the soot purifier. , Environment and energy waste caused by reduced efficiency and indoor hypoxia security risks.
  • the integrated energy consumption of the present invention will be less than one tenth of the current range hood and integrated stove.
  • the invention provides a healthier, low-carbon, environmentally-friendly and safe home life guarantee for a large number of users.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a zero-sum low-carbon soot purifier provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of an embodiment of a zero-sum low-carbon soot purifier according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is an outline view of a muffler of a zero-sum low-carbon soot purifier according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a muffler embodiment of a zero-sum low-carbon soot purifier according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a circuit control description diagram of an embodiment of a zero-sum low-carbon soot purifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a switch panel of a zero-sum low-carbon fume purifier provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • suction fume fan 1. booster fan; 3. muffler cover; 4. muffler inner liner; 5. silencer; 6. connecting flange; 7. pre-filter; 8. filter; Condensate baffle; 10. oil box; 11. illumination lamp; 12. static pressure box bottom plate; 13. static pressure box; 14. control circuit box; 15. intelligent controller; 16. anti-wind valve actuator; Backwind valve; 18. Outer pipe; 19. Switch panel; 20. Air curtain airflow; 21. Air curtain inlet air duct; 22. Bracket; 23. Cooker head; 24. Cooker countertop; 25. Air curtain fan ; 26. wind curtain outlet; 27. air curtain air outlet; 28. disinfection cabinet, oven or steamer; 29. stove cabinet; 30. oil fumes air inlet.
  • the range hood fan 1 and the check valve 17 are located outside the static pressure tank 13, and the muffler and the booster fan 2 are located inside the static pressure tank 13, and the air curtain inlet is connected to the static pressure tank 13.
  • the oil cartridge 10 is attached to the lower end of the filter body 8.
  • the control circuit is externally wrapped with a control circuit box 14, the upper end of the pre-filter 7 is provided with a soot air inlet 30, and the anti-wind valve 17 is mounted with a check valve actuator 16, the lower end of the pre-filter 7 A bracket 22 is welded, and a lower surface of the bracket 22 is provided with a cooktop 24, and a surface of the cooktop 24 is fitted with a cooktop 23.
  • the air outlet of the range hood fan 1 is sealedly connected to the static pressure tank 13 through the connecting flange 6, the position of the outlet opening is located at the bottom of the muffler, the flue gas flow is diverted in the static pressure tank 13, and a part flows to the air curtain inlet for the air curtain inlet The air curtain is formed, and the remaining portion enters the booster fan 2 to be discharged outdoors.
  • the air curtain air inlet 21, the air curtain fan 25, the air curtain air outlet, and the air curtain air outlet 26 constitute a wind curtain generating device, and the air curtain air outlet 26 is located on the cooktop table.
  • the range hood fan 1 works, the intelligent controller 15 controls the actuator to open the check valve 117, simultaneously starts the booster fan 2 and the air curtain fan 25, turns off the power supply, the suction hood fan 1 stops working, and the intelligent controller 15 turns off the electric check damper 17 At the same time, the booster fan 2 and the air curtain fan 25 are turned off.
  • the muffler is composed of a muffler cover 3, a muffler inner liner 4 and a muffling device 5, and the muffler device 5 is filled in a sandwich layer between the outer cover and the shroud.
  • the intelligent controller 15 When the range hood fan 1 is in operation, the intelligent controller 15 automatically senses the actuator to open the check valve 17 and simultaneously activates the booster fan 2 and the wind; the range hood fan 1 stops working, and the intelligent controller 15 turns off by self-perception.
  • the electric check valve 17 is electrically operated, and the booster fan 2 is also turned off.
  • Cooking fume consists of four main components, namely, exhaust gas after fuel combustion, food spills, water vapor and grease vaporized lysate produced at high temperatures.
  • the soot processing device first absorbs the oil fume, prevents the soot from diffusing into the household, and pollutes the indoor environment; secondly, removes the oil in the fume and the particulate matter in the flue gas; and secondly, the fume sucked into the fume exhaust fan 1 is completely discharged outdoors. .
  • the plant power system is based on a thorough study of the mechanism of soot generation and diffusion, combined with various kitchen structures and public flue resistance conditions.
  • the air volume of the range hood fan 1 is equal to the sum of the air volume of the booster fan 2 and the air volume of the air curtain fan 25.
  • the air volume of the booster fan 2 is the maximum amount of soot produced by the cooking
  • the air volume of the air curtain fan 25 is the maximum amount of soot produced by the cooking.
  • the above power configuration is to completely absorb the soot under the minimum energy consumption of the invention, overcome the resistance of the filter fume, the muffler and the exhaust pipe, and the building public flue, and eliminate the consumption of indoor air, and avoid the device working.
  • the waste of indoor air-conditioning and heating reduces the environmental energy consumption to a minimum and realizes the green low-carbon of the present invention.
  • the power system of the device achieves a low airflow and high pressure configuration of the airflow.
  • the inventor's research on the absolute amount of cooking fumes the research on the thermodynamic motion pattern of soot and the diffusion rate of soot in the air at the Thermodynamics Laboratory of the University of Greenwich in London, the absolute amount of soot produced instantaneously in the cooking and cooking of the Chinese kitchen is less than 5 Cubic meters per minute.
  • the exhaust filter system is constituted by a static pressure tank 13, a booster fan 2 for exhausting smoke, and a check valve 117.
  • the oil-absorbing flue fan 1 works, and the air inlet of the fan forms a negative pressure zone.
  • the oil fume is guided to the air inlet of the suction fume fan under the action of negative pressure and thermal power, but at the same time, under the action of thermal power, the fume will also occur around. Diffusion, these diffusions include pressure difference diffusion, concentration difference diffusion, temperature difference diffusion, and density difference diffusion. To suppress diffusion, it is necessary to quickly absorb soot, which requires a large amount of suction, but a large amount of air suction needs to achieve a large exhaust volume.
  • the exhaust air volume is also restricted by the diameter, length and public flue resistance of the exhaust pipe.
  • the experiment proves that the fumes inhaled by the oil-smoke fan 1 cannot be completely discharged, and some of the fumes will be thrown out from the air inlet of the wind turbine, destroying the integrity of the effective negative pressure zone of the oil-absorbing smoke, completely suppressing the soot and preventing the conditions for the escape of the soot from being incomplete. The situation will cause the range hood fan 1 to not absorb the soot.
  • the static pressure tank 13, the air curtain fan 25 and the booster fan 2 reduce the discharge resistance of the range hood fan 1 while diverting the airflow discharged by the range hood, and absolutely no airflow backflow destroys the negative pressure zone of the oil smog; 1 Part of the exhausted oil flows through the air curtain duct under the diversion and supercharging of the air curtain fan 25 to form a high static pressure and high dynamic pressure air curtain, which isolates the indoor air from entering the negative pressure zone of the oil smoke, and simultaneously wraps the oil smoke and suppresses the oil smoke. Diffusion, prevent soot from escaping, and promote the rapid entry of soot into the range hood fan 1, thereby achieving 100% suction of the range hood fan.
  • the above-mentioned inability to discharge the soot can not absorb the soot, and the exhausting of the soot is also an important link for the present invention.
  • the static pressure tank 13 converts the flow pressure of the oil fume formed by the range hood fan 1 into a static pressure, and reduces the impact of the gas flow pressure on the wind wheel of the booster fan 2, and the high static pressure contributes to the operation of the booster fan 2, supercharging
  • the fan 2 absolutely supercharges the excess soot flow except the air curtain to increase the airflow potential to overcome the resistance of the exhaust pipe and the public flue, so that the entire device operates efficiently.
  • the anti-wind valve 17 is driven by an electric actuator, and the valve body and the valve piece are opened and closed at 90 degrees.
  • the device works, the valve piece is completely opened, and there is no resistance to the airflow; when the device is stopped, the valve piece and the valve body are completely closed, 100% of the common flue soot is poured back, and the device is connected with the public flue to provide a fireproof function.
  • the two filtering functions of the soot are realized by the soot pre-filter 7 and the muffler.
  • the soot contains a large amount of harmful substances, which are mainly organic substances volatilized by the high-temperature oil, such as acrylamide, benzopyrene, butadiene, acrolein, nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, etc.
  • a part of the organic matter is in a free state, which is expressed as an odor during cooking, and the other part is dissolved in fat.
  • the filtering and muffling materials of the invention are all made of a filter made of special flame retardant puffed fiber. The thickness of the filter body 8 and the muffling is about 25 mm.
  • the material Since the material is expanded to form a large number of capillaries, the specific surface area is large. With superior adsorption force, it can remove 100% of the condensed grease and water mist in the soot through two filtrations, so that the power impeller and the device cavity in the device are always clean as new, thus ensuring efficient operation of all power units.
  • the filter material On the other hand, through filtration, most of the harmful substances in the soot are adsorbed by the filter material, which greatly reduces the pollution of the soot directly to the atmosphere.
  • the grease condenses on the surface of the fan hood of the hood and the integrated stove. Why can't the centrifugal force of the impeller remove the grease?
  • the viscosity of the oil increases.
  • the oil and the solid particles in the soot are chemically thixotropic after the doping of the solid particles.
  • the wind wheel operates under the action of centrifugal force, and the grease is instantly solidified and firmly adhered to the wind.
  • the surface of the wheel destroys the dynamic balance of the wind wheel, resulting in the use efficiency of the range hood and integrated stove, reduced service life and increased noise.
  • the pre-filter 7 of the soot, the muffler, the static pressure box 13 and the air curtain system constitute a silent system.
  • the muffling material used in the system is the same as the filter body 8.
  • the large number of capillaries of the expanded fiber have very high dynamic noise and aerodynamic noise of the present invention. Strong damping sound absorption effect, the micro-oscillation caused by the fiber itself in the airflow also acts as a damping and noise-reducing effect on the noise; the static pressure box 13 replaces the gas flow pressure into static pressure while effectively reducing aerodynamic noise; The application of the system reduces aerodynamic noise while greatly reducing the flow of the present invention.
  • the principle of the mute system of the present invention is described.
  • the air curtain inlet air duct 21, the air curtain air outlet duct 27 and the air curtain fan unit 25 constitute an energy-saving system, and the airflow discharged from the oil-smoke-smoke fan 1 is used as a wind curtain medium to avoid or reduce the indoor air being excluded from the outdoor, avoiding or reducing
  • the work of the device causes waste of energy in the indoor environment.
  • the potential energy and kinetic energy of the oil fume fan 1 are fully utilized by the air curtain, and the application of the energy saving system greatly reduces the flow rate of the present invention.
  • the system's own power consumption is greatly reduced.
  • the cooktop cabinet 29 is integrated with the sterilizer, the oven or the steamer 28, which saves space and also makes the invention versatile. It should be noted that a sterilizer (oven or steamer) requires an independent power source in the present invention.
  • the smoke fan, the exhaust fan fan and the air curtain fan 25 and the electric check valve actuator, the control circuit and the intelligent controller 15 together constitute a device power system, and the power system workflow is described below.
  • the opening key on the switch panel 19 is opened, the power is turned on, the low speed key or the high speed key is turned on, and the suction fume fan 1 operates, and then the intelligent controller 15 controls the actuator 16 to open the check valve 17 while Start the booster fan 2 (M2) and the air curtain fan 25 (M4); turn off the power supply, the suction fume fan 1 stops working, then the intelligent controller 15 turns off the electric check valve 17 and simultaneously shuts down the booster fan 2 (M2) and the air curtain Fan 25 (M4).
  • the intelligent controller 15 of the present invention is a mature technology product that the inventors have developed.
  • the intelligent controller 15 can automatically pressurize or decompress according to the resistance of the outlet pipe 18 and the kitchen common flue, and automatically control the flow rates of the M2 and M4, and realize the complete exhaust static pressure tank 13 at the lowest energy consumption. Smoke.
  • the intelligent controller 15 has been publicly sold in the domestic and foreign markets, and the circuit design principle and the computer control program of the cloth intelligent controller 15 are no longer publicly developed by the present invention.
  • the power switch on the switch panel 19 is turned on, the power light is on, the circuit is turned on, the light 11 is turned on, and the low speed key or the low speed key is selected according to the cooking mode selection, and the zero-sum low-carbon soot purifier of the present invention starts. jobs.
  • the cooking stove 23 At the beginning of cooking, the cooking stove 23 generates soot. Under the action of the thermal power, the negative pressure generated by the operation of the range hood fan 1 and the air curtain airflow 20, the soot flow rises. Under the negative pressure generated by the range hood fan 1, the air curtain airflow 20 The soot is mixed in the negative pressure zone, and flows through the condensing baffle 9 to the pre-filter 7 along the suction port 30 distributed in the condensing deflector 9, and the flue gas is filtered by the filter body 8, and most of the flue gas The condensed matter such as solid particles and liquid particles is adsorbed by the filter body 8, and the filtered flue gas is sucked into the oil smog fan 1, and the condensed substance in the flue gas entering the hood fan 1 is no longer adhered to the hood fan 1 On the wind wheel, the smoke passes through the suction fan 1 to work, and the flue gas discharged from the suction fan 1 obtains a high flow rate and static pressure; the suction fan
  • the air curtain air duct 27 is formed into the air curtain duct 27 to form the air curtain 20 required by the present invention, and the remaining part of the flue gas is sucked and discharged by the booster fan 2 and sent to the outdoor through the anti-backwind valve and the outlet duct 18;
  • the noise generated mainly comes from the suction fan fan 1, the booster fan 2 work process and the aerodynamic noise of the flue gas flow.
  • These noises pass through the filter body 8 of the pre-filter 7 and the absorption and muffler of the muffler device 5 in the body.
  • the noise reduction function of the static pressure box 13 and the barrier of the body partition are already low, and the noise transmitted to the room is already low.
  • the user needs to change the filter body 8 and the sound absorbing device 5 from time to time.
  • the cooker and the sterilizer (steamer or oven) included in the present invention are independent power sources and are not linked to the power system of the present invention, and can be used by the user alone.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)

Abstract

一种零和式低碳油烟净化器，其包括由吸油烟风机（1）、排油烟的增压风机（2）、风幕风机（25）和止逆风阀执行器（16）、控制电路和智能控制器（15）共同构成装置动力系统；由静压箱（13）、排油烟的增压风机（2）和止逆风阀（17）构成排油烟系统；油烟的预过滤器（7）、消声器、静压箱（13）和风幕系统组成静音系统；风幕进气风道（21）、风幕出气风道（27）和风幕风机（25）构成节能系统；灶台柜体（29）与消毒柜、烤箱或蒸箱（28）集成安装。此净化器具有比油烟机、集成灶更加优秀的吸油烟功能、具备集成灶集成灶具和消毒柜、蒸箱或烤箱（28）的功能，油烟通过两道过滤，机体内无需清洗，减轻油烟对大气的污染；消声器和静压箱（13）的设计，大大降低噪声污染。

Description

一种零和式低碳油烟净化器及净化系统 技术领域
本发明属于烹饪油烟处理集成装置技术领域，尤其涉及一种零和式低碳油烟净化器。
背景技术
众所周知，现行的油烟机和集成灶在处理烹饪油烟时只将油烟与空气混合气体从室内排向户外，当门窗紧闭时，油烟机和集成灶工作会造成室内空气负压，同时会将室内的暖气或冷气排出户外，造成极大的能源损耗，更可能造成室内空气稀薄和缺氧，由此造成的安全隐患不能小视。
冬夏两季，为了保持暖气和冷气不流失，广大用户都会紧闭门窗，即使油烟机或集成灶在工作时，也是如此，这样会造成室内空气稀薄缺氧，油烟机和集成灶的排烟效果也会明显下降，同时伴随着暖气或冷气的大量流失。
以下举例说明油烟机和集成灶在工作时造成的能源浪费情况。
假设油烟机和集成灶在工作时室内外温差15℃，油烟机和集成灶的排量为1200立方米/小时,油烟机或集成灶工作1小时浪费的冷气或暖气能量为：Q＝cmΔt，不妨对油烟机和集成灶工作1小时环境能耗做一个粗略计算：Q＝cmΔt,c＝1000J/(kg·℃)，m＝1.29kg/m3*1200m3＝1548kg，Δt＝15℃，油烟机或集成灶一个小时造成的环境能耗为Q＝2.322x10^7焦耳，3600000焦耳的热量约合1度电，折合成电表读数为6.45度电。
一般油烟机和集成灶使用时的直接电耗不超过0.5度电/小时，通过简单演算，油烟机和集成灶一个小时的环境能耗是它自身能耗的10多倍。另外油烟机和集成灶没有有效的过滤措施，油烟中的有害颗粒物直接排向户外污染空 气，还有噪声污染严重。
综上所述，现有技术存在的问题是：现有的油烟机和集成灶使用时一个小时的环境能耗是它自身能耗的10多倍。另外油烟机和集成灶没有有效的过滤措施，油烟中的有害颗粒物直接排向户外污染空气，还有噪声污染严重。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的问题，本发明提供了一种零和式低碳油烟净化器。
本发明是这样实现的，该零和式低碳油烟净化器包括：
由吸油烟风机、排油烟的增压风机、风幕风机和止逆风阀执行器、控制电路和智能控制器共同构成的装置动力系统；其中吸油烟风机、静压箱和风幕风机构成吸油烟系统；
由静压箱、排油烟的增压风机和止逆风阀构成的排油烟系统；
由预过滤器、消声器、静压箱和风幕系统构成的静音系统；
由风幕进气风道、风幕出气风道和风幕风机构成的节能系统。
进一步，所述零和式低碳油烟净化器的灶台柜体与消毒柜、烤箱或蒸箱集成安装在一起。
进一步，所述装置动力系统中的风幕风机安装在风幕进气风道上，所述风幕风机的上端连通吸油烟风机，所述吸油烟风机的上端连通增压风机，所述增压风机的排风口处安装有止逆风阀执行器；
所述吸油烟风机、增压风机、止逆风阀执行器、风幕风机的控制端均与智能控制器电连接。
进一步，所述排油烟系统的增压风机的外部套装有消音装置，所述消音装置的外部套装有静压箱；预过滤器置于吸油烟风机吸风口前端；
所述节能系统的风幕风机的上端套装有风幕进气风道，所述风幕出气风道的末端安装风幕出风口。
进一步，所述静音系统的预过滤器的下端焊接有支架，所述支架的下端设 置有灶具台面，所述灶具台面的表面嵌装有灶头。
进一步，所述消声器包括消音体，所述消音体的外部包裹有消声器外罩，所述消音器的内部包裹有消声器内衬罩，在外罩和内罩之间夹层为消声材料。
进一步，所述吸油烟风机出风口与增压风机进风口之间通过静压箱内部空间联通；所述吸油烟机出风口与风幕风道进风口之间通过静压箱内部空间联通，风幕气流源自于吸油烟风机排出的气流。
进一步，所述预过滤器的上端安装有油烟进风口，预过滤器由过滤器框架内置过滤体；
所述预过滤器的底面下部平行间隔设有冷凝导流板；所述预过滤器的下端安装有油盒，所述预过滤器的上端嵌装有照明灯，所述照明的背面嵌装有开关面板。
进一步，所述消音器的下端安装在吸油烟风机出风口之上，固定在静压箱底板上，所述控制电路的外部包裹有控制电路盒；止逆风阀的末端安装有出风烟管，所述风幕风机的末端安装有风幕出风口。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种安装有零和式低碳油烟净化器的厨房、餐厅用油烟净化器。
本发明的优点及积极效果为：该零和式低碳油烟净化器具有比油烟机、集成灶更加优秀的吸油烟功能、具备集成灶集成灶具和消毒柜(蒸箱或烤箱)的功能，油烟通过两道过滤，机体内无需清洗，减轻油烟对大气的污染；消声器和静压箱的设计，大大降低噪声污染；吸油烟风机、静压箱与增压风机依次串联，静压箱将吸油烟风机出风的动压转换成静压再通过增压风机进一步增压，排出净化器的气流获得更高的势能克服排烟管和公共烟道的阻力；进入静压箱的一部分气流通过风幕进气道分流进入风幕系统，经过风幕风机送入风幕出风道，在灶台前端和灶台两侧面形成风幕，与吸油烟风机工作时产生的负压区共同作用，将烹饪产生的油烟包裹流经预油烟过滤器后送入吸油烟风机，抑制油烟扩散、防止油烟逃逸、防止室内空气被排出户外，避免油烟净化器工、造成 的环境能源浪费，工作效率降低以及室内缺氧的安全隐患。
本发明综合能耗将不到现在油烟机和集成灶的十分之一。
本发明为广大的用户提供更为健康、低碳、环保、安全的家居生活保障。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例提供的零和式低碳油烟净化器的结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例提供的零和式低碳油烟净化器实施例侧视图；
图3是本发明实施例提供的零和式低碳油烟净化器实施例消声器外形图；
图4是本发明实施例提供的零和式低碳油烟净化器实施例消声器爆炸图；
图5是本发明实施例提供的零和式低碳油烟净化器实施例电路控制描述图；
图6是本发明实施例提供的零和式低碳油烟净化器开关面板示意图。
图中：1.吸油烟风机；2.增压风机；3.消声器外罩；4.消声器内衬罩；5.消音装置；6.连接法兰；7.预过滤器；8.过滤体；9.冷凝导流板；10.油盒；11.照明灯；12.静压箱底板；13.静压箱；14.控制电路盒；15.智能控制器；16.止逆风阀执行器；17.止逆风阀；18.出风烟管；19.开关面板；20.风幕气流；21.风幕进气风道；22.支架；23.灶头；24.灶具台面；25.风幕风机；26.风幕出风口；27.风幕出气风道；28.消毒柜、烤箱或蒸箱；29.灶台柜体；30.油烟进风口。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
下面结合附图1至附图6及具体实施例对本发明的应用原理作进一步描述。
吸油烟风机1、止逆风阀17位于静压箱13外部，消声器、增压风机2位于静压箱13内部，风幕进气道与静压箱13连通。所述过滤体8的下端安装有油盒10。
所述控制电路的外部包裹有控制电路盒14，所述预过滤器7的上端安装有油烟进风口30，止逆风阀17上安装有止逆风阀执行器16，所述预过滤器7的下端焊接有支架22，所述支架22的下端设置有灶具台面24，所述灶具台面24的表面嵌装有灶头23。
吸油烟风机1出风口通过连接法兰6与静压箱13密封连接，出风开口的位置位于消声器底部，烟气气流在静压箱13内被分流，一部分流向风幕进气道，用于形成风幕，剩余部分进入增压风机2排出户外。
由风幕进气风道21、风幕风机25、风幕出风风道、风幕出风口26组成风幕发生装置，风幕出风口26位于灶台台面上。
吸油烟风机1工作，智能控制器15控制执行器开启止逆风阀17，同时启动增压风机2和风幕风机25，关闭电源，吸油烟风机1停止工作，智能控制器15关闭电动止逆风阀17，同时关停增压风机2和风幕风机25。
消声器由消声器外罩3、消声器内衬罩4和消音装置5构成，消音装置5充填在外罩与衬罩中间夹心层。
吸油烟风机1工作时，智能控制器15通过自我感知，随即控制执行器开启止逆风阀17，同时启动增压风机2和风；吸油烟风机1停止工作，智能控制器15通过自我感知，随即关闭电动止逆风阀17，同时关停增压风机2。
烹饪油烟主要有四个部分构成，即燃料燃烧后的尾气、食材溢出物、水蒸气和油脂在高温时产生的气化裂解物。油烟处理装置首先是吸净油烟，防止油烟扩散到户内，污染室内环境；其次是脱去油烟中的油脂和烟气中的颗粒物；再其次是将吸油烟风机1吸进的油烟完全排出户外。
装置动力系统是建立在充分研究油烟发生与扩散机理的基础之上，并结合各种厨房结构和公共烟道阻力状况而设置的。吸油烟风机1风量等于增压风机 2风量与风幕风机25风量之和，增压风机2风量为烹饪产生的最大油烟量，风幕风机25的风量为烹饪所产生的最大油烟量时保证吸油烟风机1工作时产生吸油烟有效负压区、抑制油烟扩散、防止油烟逃逸所需的最小空气介质流量；也可以通过探测油烟发生量的大小，实现自动控制装置所有风机的工作风量。以上动力配置是为了在本发明最低能耗下彻底吸净油烟，克服过滤油烟、消声器和排烟管道以及建筑公共烟道的阻力排净油烟，同时不消耗或少消耗室内空气，避免装置工作对室内冷气、暖气的浪费，将环境能耗降到最低，实现本发明绿色低碳。
装置动力系统实现气流低风量高压力配置。发明人在伦敦格林尼治大学热动力实验室对烹饪油烟发生的绝对量、油烟热动力运动形态研究以及油烟在空气中的扩散速度的测定，民用厨房中餐烹饪爆炒时瞬时产生的油烟绝对量小于5立方米/分钟。
由静压箱13、排油烟的增压风机2和止逆风阀17构成排油烟系统。吸油烟风机1工作，风机进风口向外形成负压区，油烟在负压和热动力作用下被导向吸油烟风机1进风口，但如此同时，在热动力作用下，油烟还会向四周发生扩散，这些扩散包括压力差扩散、浓度差扩散、温度差扩散和密度差扩散，要抑制扩散就必须迅速吸净油烟，需要有大的吸风量，但大的吸风量需要实现大的排风量，排风量除了吸油烟风机1功率大外，还受到排烟管直径、长度和公共烟道阻力的制约。实验证明，吸油烟风机1吸入的油烟不能完全排出，部分油烟会从风轮进风口窜出，破坏吸油烟有效负压区的完整性，完全抑制油烟，防止油烟逃逸的条件不完备，这种情况将导致吸油烟风机1不能吸净油烟。静压箱13、风幕风机25和增压风机2减小吸油烟风机1排放阻力同时100％分流吸油烟机所排出的气流，绝对不会发生气流回流破坏吸油烟负压区；吸油烟风机1排出的部分油烟流经风幕风道在风幕风机25导流和增压下，形成高静压和高动压风幕，隔离室内空气进入吸油烟负压区，同时包裹油烟，抑制油烟扩散，防止油烟逃逸，推动油烟快速进入吸油烟风机1，从而实现吸油烟机风机 100％的吸净油烟。
前述不能排净油烟就不能吸净油烟，排净油烟对于本发明也是重要环节。静压箱13将吸油烟风机1形成的油烟气流动压转换成静压，降低气流动压对增压风机2风轮的冲击，高静压有助于增压风机2的工作，增压风机2对除形成风幕以外的多余油烟气流进行绝对增压，以提高气流势能克服排管道和公共烟道的阻力，使整个装置高效运行。止逆风阀17由电动执行器驱动，阀体与阀片呈90度开合。装置工作，阀片完全打开，对气流无阻力；装置停机，阀片与阀体完全闭合，100％杜绝公共烟道油烟倒灌，同时因装置与公共烟道连接起到防火的功能。
由油烟预过滤器7和消声器实现对油烟的两道过滤功能。油烟中含有大量的有害物质，这些有害物质主要是食材在高温油脂的作用下挥发出来的有机物，如丙烯酰胺、苯并芘、丁二烯、丙烯醛、硝基多环芳香烃等，这些挥发出来的有机物一部分呈游离状态，表现为烹饪时的气味，另一部分溶入油脂。在高温爆炒时，食材中的水分遇高温油脂迅速气化，大量油脂包裹水汽在热动力作用下成雾状升腾，形成由燃烧尾气、有雾、水蒸气、有机挥发物构成的气溶胶。油烟中绝大多数有机挥发物的凝点温度低于40度，挥发后多数凝结颗粒被水汽颗粒吸附或溶于油脂。本发明过滤和消声材料都采用透气性好特制阻燃膨化纤维制成的滤网，过滤体8和消声的厚度在25毫米左右，由于这种材料膨化后形成大量毛细管，比表面积大，具有超强的吸附力，通过两道过滤，实验测定，能100％除去油烟中的凝结性油脂和水雾，使装置内的动力叶轮和装置内腔始终清洁如新，从而保证所有动力装置高效运行；另一方面，通过过滤，油烟中的绝大多数有害物质被滤材吸附，大大减轻油烟直排对大气的污染。作为专业研究人员必须指出的，油脂凝结在油烟机和集成灶的风机叶轮表面，叶轮的离心作用为什么不能将油脂除去呢？主要是经过高温处理后的油脂黏度增加，另一方面油脂与油烟中的固形物颗粒掺杂之后油脂发生化学触变性，风轮运转在离心力的作用下，油脂瞬间固化，牢牢粘附在风轮表面，破坏 风轮的动平衡，造成油烟机和集成灶使用效率、使用寿命降低和噪声的增加。
油烟的预过滤器7、消声器、静压箱13和风幕系统组成静音系统，本系统所使用的消声材料与过滤体8相同，膨化纤维大量的毛细管对本发明动力噪声和空气动力性噪声有非常强的阻尼吸音效果，纤维本身在气流通过时发生的微震荡对噪声也起到阻尼消声作用；静压箱13将气流动压装换成静压的同时有效降低空气动力性噪声；风幕系统的应用，在大大降低本发明的流量的同时也就减少了空气动力性噪声。综上所述为本发明静音系统的原理。
风幕进气风道21、风幕出气风道27和风幕风机25构成节能系统，将吸油烟风机1排出的气流作为风幕介质，一方面避免或减少室内空气被排除到户外，避免或减少装置工作造成室内环境能源的浪费，另一方面充分利用吸油烟风机1对油烟作功后的势能和动能为风幕所利用，再就是节能系统的应用大大降低了本发明的流送流量，使本系统的自身动力能耗大大降低。
灶台柜体29与消毒柜、烤箱或蒸箱28集成安装，充分节省空间，也使本发明具有多功能性。需要指出的是，消毒柜(烤箱或蒸箱)在本发明中需要独立电源。
烟风机、排油烟风机和风幕风机25和电动止逆阀执行器、控制电路和智能控制器15共同构成装置动力系统，以下描述动力系统工作流程。
如图5、图6所示，打开开关面板19上的开关键，开启电源，开启低速键或高速键，吸油烟风机1工作，随即智能控制器15控制执行器16开启止逆风阀17，同时启动增压风机2(M2)和风幕风机25(M4)；关闭电源，吸油烟风机1停止工作，随即智能控制器15关闭电动止逆风阀17，同时关停增压风机2(M2)和风幕风机25(M4)。
需要说明的是，本发明智能控制器15为本发明人已经开发出的成熟技术产品。智能控制器15可根据出风烟管18以及厨房公共烟道的阻力自动增压或减压，同时自动控制M2和M4的流量，即时在最低能耗下实现完全排净静压箱13中的烟气。目前智能控制器15已在国内外市场公开销售，本发明不再公 开发布本智能控制器15的电路设计原理和计算机控制程序。
烹饪开始前，开启开关面板19上的电源开关键，电源灯亮，电路接通，开启照明灯11，根据烹饪方式选择，选择开启低速键或低速键，本发明零和式低碳油烟净化器开始工作。
烹饪开始，锅灶23生成油烟，在热动力、吸油烟风机1工作产生的负压和风幕气流20共同作用下油烟气流上升，在吸油烟风机1产生的负压作用下，风幕气流20与油烟在负压区内混合，经冷凝导流板9导流沿分布在冷凝导流板9的吸风口30流入预过滤器7，烟气经过过滤体8的过滤，烟气中的绝大部分固态颗粒物和液态颗粒物等凝结性物质被过滤体8吸附，过滤后的烟气被吸入吸油烟风机1，进入吸油烟风机1的烟气中不再有凝结性的物质粘附到吸油烟风机1的风轮上，烟气通过吸油烟风机1作功，排出吸油烟风机1的烟气获得了较高的流速和静压；吸油烟风机1作功产生空气动力性噪声、机械性噪声和电磁噪声，增压后的烟气流速增加，加大了烟气与机体部件的摩擦声；排出吸油烟风机1的烟气被送入消声器，消声器外罩3的底座安装在静压箱13的静压箱底板12上，进入消声器内腔的烟气被释放，流速降低，烟气动压一部分转换成静压，烟气气流穿过消声器消音装置5获得第二次过滤从消声器周边和顶部流入静压箱13，进入静压箱13的烟气释放到更大的空间，烟气气流动压进一步转变成静压；静压箱13中的烟气一部分被风幕风机25吸入风幕进气道21，经风幕风机25增压后进入风幕出气风道27形成本发明所需的风幕20，剩余部分烟气则被增压风机2吸入排出经止逆风阀和出风烟管18送到户外；本发明使用时产生的噪声主要来自吸油烟风机1、增压风机2作功过程和烟气气流的空气动力性噪声，这些噪声在机体内经过预过滤器7的过滤体8和消音装置5的吸收、消声器和静压箱13消音作用以及机体隔板的阻隔，传导到室内的噪音已经很低；长期高效使用本发明开发的产品，使用者需自行不定期更换过滤体8和消音装置5。
烹饪结束，开启开关面板19上的延时键或关闭电源键。本发明中包含的 灶具、消毒柜(蒸箱或烤箱)采用独立电源，不与本发明动力系统联动，使用者可单独使用。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种零和式低碳油烟净化器，其特征在于，该零和式低碳油烟净化器包括：
    由吸油烟风机、排油烟的增压风机、风幕风机和止逆风阀执行器、控制电路和智能控制器共同构成的装置动力系统；其中吸油烟风机、静压箱和风幕风机构成吸油烟系统；
    由静压箱、排油烟的增压风机和止逆风阀构成的排油烟系统；
    由预过滤器、消声器、静压箱和风幕系统构成的静音系统；
    由风幕进气风道、风幕出气风道和风幕风机构成的节能系统。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的零和式低碳油烟净化器，其特征在于，所述零和式低碳油烟净化器的灶台柜体与消毒柜、烤箱或蒸箱集成安装在一起。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的零和式低碳油烟净化器，其特征在于，所述装置动力系统中的风幕风机安装在风幕进气风道上，所述风幕风机的上端连通吸油烟风机，所述吸油烟风机的上端连通增压风机，所述增压风机的排风口处安装有止逆风阀执行器；
    所述吸油烟风机、增压风机、止逆风阀执行器、风幕风机的控制端均与智能控制器电连接。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的零和式低碳油烟净化器，其特征在于，所述排油烟系统的增压风机的外部套装有消音装置，所述消音装置的外部套装有静压箱；预过滤器置于吸油烟风机吸风口前端；
    所述节能系统的风幕风机的上端套装有风幕进气风道，所述风幕出气风道的末端安装风幕出风口。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的零和式低碳油烟净化器，其特征在于，所述静音系统的预过滤器的下端焊接有支架，所述支架的下端设置有灶具台面，所述灶具台面的表面嵌装有灶头。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的零和式低碳油烟净化器，其特征在于，所述消声器包括消音体，所述消音体的外部包裹有消声器外罩，所述消音器的内部包裹 有消声器内衬罩，在外罩和内罩之间夹层为消声材料。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的零和式低碳油烟净化器，其特征在于，所述吸油烟风机出风口与增压风机进风口之间通过静压箱内部空间联通；所述吸油烟机出风口与风幕风道进风口之间通过静压箱内部空间联通，风幕气流源自于吸油烟风机排出的气流。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的零和式低碳油烟净化器，其特征在于，所述预过滤器的上端安装有油烟进风口，预过滤器由过滤器框架内置过滤体；
    所述预过滤器的底面下部平行间隔设有冷凝导流板；所述预过滤器的下端安装有油盒，所述预过滤器的上端嵌装有照明灯，所述照明的背面嵌装有开关面板。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的零和式低碳油烟净化器，其特征在于，所述消音器的下端安装在吸油烟风机出风口之上，固定在静压箱底板上，所述控制电路的外部包裹有控制电路盒；止逆风阀的末端安装有出风烟管，所述风幕风机的末端安装有风幕出风口。
  10. 一种安装有如权利要求1至8任一项所述零和式低碳油烟净化器的厨房、餐厅用油烟净化系统。
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