WO2019100826A1 - 一种压滤机、两次拉开滤板螺旋振动卸饼压滤机 - Google Patents

一种压滤机、两次拉开滤板螺旋振动卸饼压滤机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019100826A1
WO2019100826A1 PCT/CN2018/106125 CN2018106125W WO2019100826A1 WO 2019100826 A1 WO2019100826 A1 WO 2019100826A1 CN 2018106125 W CN2018106125 W CN 2018106125W WO 2019100826 A1 WO2019100826 A1 WO 2019100826A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
filter
vibration
chain
filter plate
shaft
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PCT/CN2018/106125
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
姜桂廷
刘国志
宋伟
刘东玲
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景津环保股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Application filed by 景津环保股份有限公司 filed Critical 景津环保股份有限公司
Priority to US16/336,073 priority Critical patent/US11420139B2/en
Priority to EP18849452.0A priority patent/EP3527277B1/en
Priority to AU2018319216A priority patent/AU2018319216B2/en
Priority to ZA2019/01639A priority patent/ZA201901639B/en
Publication of WO2019100826A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019100826A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D25/00—Filters formed by clamping together several filtering elements or parts of such elements
    • B01D25/12—Filter presses, i.e. of the plate or plate and frame type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D25/00—Filters formed by clamping together several filtering elements or parts of such elements
    • B01D25/12—Filter presses, i.e. of the plate or plate and frame type
    • B01D25/21—Plate and frame presses
    • B01D25/215—Construction of the filter plates, frames
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D25/00—Filters formed by clamping together several filtering elements or parts of such elements
    • B01D25/32—Removal of the filter cakes
    • B01D25/34—Removal of the filter cakes by moving, e.g. rotating, the filter elements
    • B01D25/346—Removal of the filter cakes by moving, e.g. rotating, the filter elements by vibration

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of a filter press in the solid-liquid separation industry, in particular to a filter press and a double-open filter plate spiral vibration unloading cake filter press.
  • the filter press is the main filtration equipment in the solid-liquid separation industry. After the material is filtered, the filter plate is opened by the puller to remove the filter cake.
  • the filter press pulls the cake into two types. The first one is the pull plate. The block pulls the filter plate to remove the filter cake; the second is to pull the filter plate to remove the filter cake by the puller, and the two unloading cake methods are all freely falling from the filter cake after the filter plate is opened, and the pressure is further reduced.
  • the filter machine installs a set of special pneumatic vibrating device hammer filter cake above the filter plate to achieve the purpose of removing the filter cake after the filtration is completed.
  • the filter press When the filter press is used in the field, it is found that the filter cake does not fall completely after the filter plate is opened. Due to the complicated composition of the filtered materials, the filter cake in some materials contains viscous substances, and the filter cake is often stuck in a large area. It is difficult to fall on the filter cloth.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a filter press includes a frame on which the following components are disposed:
  • a plurality of filter plates driven by the power component, reciprocating along the frame to be in a filter press station and a discharge station;
  • a vibration unloading device comprising a driving member and a longitudinally arranged vibration shaft; the outer peripheral wall of the vibration shaft is provided with a protrusion that drives the vibration at the driving member when the filter plate is located at the unloading station During rotation of the shaft about its own axis, the projections on the vibrating shaft collide with the filter plate to assist in unloading.
  • the present invention also provides a double-opening filter plate spiral vibration discharge cake filter press
  • the technical solution is: providing a cylinder block, the cylinder block is elongated, and the cylinder block is elongated or
  • the plurality of filter plates can be pulled apart for the first time to reach the gap of the unloading cake, and the distance between the filter plates is set at the two sides of the filter plate, and the cylinder bracket is arranged.
  • the cylinder bracket is connected to the main beam at one end and the other end is installed at the other end.
  • the piston rod of the cylinder body is filtered back to the original position, and the piston rod is connected with the pressure plate to drive the filter plate to realize the first unloading of the plurality of filter plates, and the pull plate gear reduction motor is arranged.
  • the pull plate reducer motor is mounted with a drive sprocket, the drive sprocket is connected with an active chain, and a drive shaft is arranged, the drive shaft is mounted with a passive sprocket, the passive chain
  • the wheel is connected with the active chain, and the driving sprocket is arranged at both ends of the driving shaft, the driving sprocket is connected with the passive chain, and the passive shaft is arranged, and the driven shaft is provided at both ends of the passive shaft, the driven chain
  • One end of the wheel is connected to the passive chain, passive
  • passive The other end driven sprocket is connected to the puller chain, the puller chain is installed inside the chain box, the chain box is installed on the side of the main beam, the intermediate partition is arranged, and the intermediate partition is installed in the second time.
  • the vibration unloading device comprises a vibration reduction motor, the The vibration reduction motor is equipped with a coupling, and a vibration shaft is arranged.
  • the vibration shaft is provided with a bearing seat at both ends, and one end of the vibration shaft is connected to the coupling through the bearing seat, and a spiral arrangement vibration block is arranged on the vibration shaft.
  • Each vibrating block corresponds to a filter plate mounted handle, and a wear block is mounted on the bottom of the handle, and the above components are mounted to form a spiral vibration unloading device, and the spiral vibration unloading device is installed in two sets on the main beam.
  • Two Spiral vibration cake discharge device are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the main beam of the main beam head trailing end.
  • the vibration unloading device of the present invention is provided with a vibration shaft, and when the power component rotates the driving vibration shaft, the protrusion on the vibration shaft can collide with the filter plate. The filter cake is shaken off the filter plate by the vibration force generated by the protrusion striking the filter plate.
  • the vibration shaft has a simple structure, can greatly reduce the use cost of the filter press, and the vibration unloading device is flexible.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a double-opening filter plate spiral vibration discharge cake filter press according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic side view of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a top plan view of Figure 1.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the intermediate partition of Figure 1.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of the spiral vibration discharge cake of Figure 1.
  • the present invention provides a filter press, including a frame, the main function of which is to provide a mounting platform for other components.
  • the rigidity, strength and material of the frame can be reasonably selected according to the actual application requirements. This article will not go into details.
  • the frame is provided with the following component power components, a plurality of filter plates, and a vibrating cake removing device.
  • each filter plate can be reciprocated along the frame to be in the filter press station and the unloading station.
  • the filter plates are placed close to each other to filter the filter cake.
  • Pressure filtration when the filter plate is in the unloading station, adjacent filter plates are pulled apart a predetermined distance to form a space for the filter cake to be discharged.
  • the connection between adjacent filter plates can refer to the prior art, and will not be described in detail herein.
  • the vibration unloading device comprises a driving component and a longitudinally arranged vibration shaft.
  • the outer peripheral wall of the vibration shaft is provided with a protrusion.
  • the driving component drives the vibration shaft to rotate around the axis thereof.
  • the protrusion on the vibration shaft collides with the filter plate to assist the discharge.
  • the upper protrusion can directly or indirectly collide with the filter plate, and under the action of the impact force, the filter cake is shaken off from the filter plate.
  • the vibration unloading device of the present invention is provided with a vibration shaft, and when the power component rotates the driving vibration shaft, the protrusion on the vibration shaft can collide with the filter plate. The filter cake is shaken off the filter plate by the vibration force generated by the protrusion striking the filter plate.
  • the vibration shaft has a simple structure, can greatly reduce the use cost of the filter press, and the vibration unloading device is flexible.
  • each of the filter plates can move up and down relative to the frame in a predetermined range along the vertical direction; when the filter plates are located at the unloading station, portions of the filter plates are located above the vibration axis, vibrating During the rotation of the shaft, the filter plate and the protrusion intermittently contact the upper and lower reciprocating vibrations.
  • both sides of the upper end of each filter plate are slidably mounted on the frame, and the vibration shaft may be disposed below the upper ends of the upper end of the filter plate.
  • the vibration shaft may be located below the handle 6 of the filter plate.
  • the power component includes a cylinder and an auxiliary power component, and the cylinder can be mounted to one end of the frame through the cylinder bracket.
  • all the filter plates are divided into a first partial filter plate and a second partial filter plate, and the oil cylinder drives all the filter plates in the pressure filter station.
  • the oil cylinder is retracted to the initial state, the filter plates in the first partial filter plate are The predetermined distance is opened to form a discharge space; the auxiliary power component drives the filter plates in the second partial filter plate to be pulled apart by a predetermined distance to form a discharge space, and the filter plates are separated in the first portion of the filter plates.
  • the piston rod When the cylinder is in operation, the piston rod has two positions: a fully extended working position and a fully retracted working position.
  • the piston rod of the cylinder can be at the first limit position, and the first limit position can be In the fully extended working position, it can also be in the fully retracted working position, which is related to the installation position of the cylinder.
  • the piston rod gradually elongate and compress the distance between the filter plates as an example to continue the technical solution.
  • the piston rod of the cylinder body is extended to work on the compression filter plate.
  • the piston rod is gradually retracted, thereby driving the filter plate connected to the end of the piston rod of the cylinder to move backward, and the spacing between the filter plates is maximized.
  • the piston rod is retracted and returned to the original position, the cylinder stops working, and the first part of the filter plate is vibrated and discharged.
  • the auxiliary power component is controlled to start, and the auxiliary power component drives the second part.
  • An adjacent filter plate in the filter plate is pulled apart by a predetermined distance to form a discharge space, and the second portion of the filter plate is pulled apart, and the first portion of the filter plate is squeezed, and between the filter plates in the first portion of the filter plate The distance is getting smaller.
  • the cylinder When the second part of the filter plate is vibrated and unloaded, the cylinder is extended to push the first part of the filter plate and the second part of the filter plate to move simultaneously for the next filter press.
  • the second partial filter plate when the first partial filter plate is pulled apart, the second partial filter plate is in a compressed state; when the second partial filter plate is pulled apart, the first partial filter plate is in a compressed state.
  • the number of filter plates in the first partial filter plate and the second partial filter plate is the same.
  • the opening of all the filter plates is not limited to being divided into two, and may be divided into three or more times, and corresponding auxiliary power components are provided.
  • the auxiliary power component may be a motor-sprocket chain structure including a motor and two puller chains 2 driven by the motor, the two puller chains 2 being separated from each side of the filter plate.
  • the filter press further includes an intermediate partition plate 3 fixedly connected to the outermost filter plate of the second component filter plate and adjacent to the first partial filter plate end, and two sides of the intermediate partition plate 3 are respectively fixed to the two side pull plate chains 2.
  • the motor can be a geared motor, which is defined as a pull-plate geared motor 1.
  • the motor-sprocket chain structure has a relatively high flexibility in arrangement, and a compact filter press structure can be obtained, and the longitudinal length of the filter press can be further shortened.
  • the motor is mounted on the bottom of the frame, and the filter press further includes a drive shaft 14 laterally rotatably supported on the frame.
  • the drive shaft 14 can be rotatably supported by the main beam of the frame through the bearing, the drive shaft Bearings are provided at both ends of the 14th.
  • the position of the driving shaft 14 is higher than that of the motor, and the output shaft of the motor transmits power to the driving shaft 14 through the sprocket-chain, that is, the output end of the motor is provided with a driving sprocket, and the sprocket is also disposed on the driving shaft, and the active chain of the motor
  • the sprocket of the wheel and drive shaft 14 is powered by a chain connection.
  • the two ends of the drive shaft 14 are respectively provided with sprocket wheels that mesh with the two puller chains 2.
  • the filter press may further comprise two sets of passive chains 15 and a passive shaft 16, and the sprocket engaged with the puller chain 2 is disposed on the passive shaft 16, and the power of the drive shaft 14 is passive.
  • the chain 15 is transmitted to the driven shaft 16.
  • the power of the motor is transmitted to the puller chain 2 via the drive shaft 14, the passive chain 15, the passive shaft 16, and the sprocket on the passive shaft.
  • the two ends of the intermediate partition plate 3 can also be provided with a bracket body 4, which rotates under the driving of the motor, thereby driving the intermediate partition plate 3 to the right, and the second portion of the filter plate is pulled apart.
  • the number of vibrating cake removing devices is two for respectively vibrating the first partial filter plate and the second partial filter plate. That is, the number of the drive member, the vibration shaft, and the components that work with it are two. The two can work alone and do not affect each other.
  • At least two sets of protrusions are arranged along the longitudinal vibration axis, and the number of the protrusions in each group is at least two, and each set of the protrusions is arranged in a spiral shape, and the protrusions are in contact with the corresponding filter plates.
  • the outer surface is a round slope, and along the direction of the vibration axis, the round slope gradually increases.
  • the convex contact outer surface is a round sloping surface, which facilitates the smooth contact between the protrusion and the bottom plane of the filter plate handle, avoids the occurrence of the vibration axis rotation and the removal efficiency of the filter cake.
  • the raised contact outer surface may be in the shape of a helix.
  • a stripping pitch chain 7 may be disposed between adjacent filter plates for limiting the maximum distance between two adjacent filter plates; adjacent filter plates A stripper pitch chain 7 is disposed between the upper end and the lower end.
  • the driving member in each of the above embodiments may be a motor, which is defined herein as a vibration reducing motor 9, which is connected to the vibration shaft via the coupling 10. Both ends of the vibration shaft can be rotatably fixed to the frame by bearings, bearing housings 11, and the like.
  • the present invention provides a double-opening filter plate spiral vibration unloading cake filter press, and the cylinder block is provided with an elongated type, the cylinder
  • the length of the piston is that the length of the piston rod can pull the 50% filter plate 5 to the distance of the unloading cake for the first time. After the filter is completed, the piston rod is returned to the original position, and the piston rod drives the filter plate to open and unload the filter cake once, reducing the opening.
  • the working time program of the filter plate 5 can realize that the plurality of filter plates 5 are simultaneously unloaded and unloaded, and the distance between the filter plates 5 and the unloading cake pitch chain 7 is controlled, and the double-layer pitch chain 7 is provided at the upper end and the lower end of the filter plate 5
  • the upper and lower spacings drive the balance of operation, and the filter plate 5 is vertically spaced apart from the discharge plate.
  • One end of the cylinder bracket 8 is connected to the main beam, and the other end of the cylinder bracket 8 is installed at the lower end of the cylinder block, so that the cylinder body can be stably installed and balanced.
  • the piston rod connecting pressure plate drives the filter plate 5 to open the filter plate unloading cake for the first time.
  • the pull plate reduction motor 1 is installed on the filter press thrust plate, the pull plate reduction motor 1 is mounted with a drive sprocket, the drive sprocket is connected with the active chain 13, and the drive shaft 14 is arranged to install a passive sprocket.
  • the driven sprocket is connected to the active chain 13.
  • the two ends of the driving shaft 14 are provided with a bearing seat mounted on the upper end of the main beam, and a driving sprocket is arranged at both ends of the driving shaft 14.
  • the driving sprocket and the passive chain 15 is connected, a passive shaft 16 is arranged, the passive shaft 16 is provided with a bearing seat installed at the lower end of the main beam, and the driven shaft 16 is provided with a driven sprocket at both ends thereof.
  • the passive shaft 16 has a driven sprocket and a passive chain at one end. 15 is connected, the other end of the passive shaft 16 is connected with the driven sprocket and the puller chain 2, the puller chain 2 is installed in the side chain box of the main beam, and the support frame 17 is installed on the side of the main beam, and the chain box Mounted on the support frame 17, the material used for the support frame 17 is a profile channel steel, and the intermediate partition plate 3 is disposed.
  • the intermediate partition plate 3 is installed at the front end of the head plate of the filter plate 5 for the second time.
  • the material used for the plate 3 is a steel medium plate made of carbon structural steel at the filter plate 5
  • the side is provided with a double-layer pitch chain 7 to control the distance to keep the distance of the unloading cake from falling vertically.
  • the bracket body 4 is arranged on both sides of the intermediate partition plate 3.
  • the upper end of the bracket body 4 is provided with a card slot for connecting the main beam boss positioning.
  • the intermediate partition 3 is ensured to operate smoothly.
  • the lower end of the bracket body 4 is connected to the puller chain 2, the lower end of the bracket body 4 is connected to the puller chain 2, and the intermediate partition 3 is driven by the puller chain 2 to realize the second pull-open filter. Plate unloading cake.
  • a mechanical spiral vibration unloading device is provided.
  • the unloading device includes a vibration reduction motor 9 mounted on a side of the main beam, the vibration reduction motor 9 is mounted with the coupling 10, and the vibration shaft 12 is disposed.
  • the bearing shaft 11 is disposed at two ends of the vibrating shaft 12, and the bearing housing 11 is mounted on the side surface of the main beam.
  • One end of the vibrating shaft 12 is connected to the coupling 10 through the bearing housing 11, and the vibrating shaft 12 is used.
  • the material is a seamless steel pipe, and a vibration block 18 (vibration block, that is, the above-mentioned protrusion) is arranged on the vibration shaft 12, and each vibration block 18 corresponds to a handle 6 mounted on the filter plate 5, the filter plate 5
  • the handle 6 is mounted, and the wear block 19 is arranged on the bottom surface of the handle 6 to connect the vibration baffle to the vibration block 18.
  • the material used for the wear block 19 is a stainless steel plate, and the outer shape of the vibration block 18 is curved and welded.
  • the vibration shaft 12 is rotated to cause the welded vibration block 18 to impact the handle 6 to shake the filter plate, causing the stuck filter cake to fall, and the above components are assembled to form a mechanical spiral vibration discharge cake device, and the mechanical spiral vibration discharge device is unloaded.
  • the cake device is installed in two sets. Beam, the two sets of helical mechanical vibration cake discharge means are mounted on the left and right sides of the main beam of the main beam.
  • the filter press filter completes the unloading of the cake - the extended cylinder block piston rod retreats - the piston rod drives the 50% filter plate to pull the unloading cake for the first time - the right main beam spiral vibration unloading device rotates - set the rotation time Stop - pull plate gear motor 1 starts working - pull plate chain 2 drives intermediate partition 3 to pull 50% filter plate unloading cake for the second time - left main beam spiral vibration unloading device rotation - set rotation time timing Stop - one cycle of the filter press is completed.

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)

Abstract

一种压滤机，包括机架、动力部件、若干滤板（5），在动力部件的驱动下，沿机架往复移动以处于压滤工位和卸料工位；振动卸饼装置，包括驱动部件和纵向布置的振动轴（12）；振动轴（12）的外周壁设置有凸起，当滤板（5）位于卸料工位时，在驱动部件驱动振动轴（12）围绕自身轴线转动过程中，振动轴（12）上的凸起与滤板（5）相碰撞以辅助卸料。振动轴（12）结构简单，可大大降低压滤机的使用成本，并且该振动卸饼装置运用灵活；还提供了一种两次拉开滤板螺旋振动卸饼压滤机。

Description

一种压滤机、两次拉开滤板螺旋振动卸饼压滤机
本申请要求于2017年11月27日提交中国专利局，申请号为201711200369.7、发明名称为“一种两次拉开滤板螺旋振动卸饼压滤机”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及固液分离行业压滤机技术领域，具体涉及一种压滤机及两次拉开滤板螺旋振动卸饼压滤机。
背景技术
压滤机是固液分离行业的主要过滤设备，物料过滤完成后由拉板器拉开滤板卸除滤饼，压滤机拉板卸饼分为两种，第一种为拉板器逐块拉开滤板卸除滤饼；第二种为拉板器分组拉开滤板卸除滤饼，这两种卸饼方法均是拉开滤板后由滤饼自由坠落，还有的压滤机在滤板上方安装成套专用气动振打装置锤落滤饼，来实现过滤完成后卸除滤饼的目的。
压滤机在现场使用中，发现拉板器拉开滤板后滤饼并没有全部坠落，由于过滤的物料成分复杂，有的物料中滤饼含有粘性物质，滤饼经常会被大面积粘挂在滤布上面，很难坠落。
虽然现有技术中会在压滤机的上方安装成套的振打装置垂落滤饼，但是气动振打装置结构复杂，在使用时故障率高，同时维修很不方便，再者气动振打装置设备部件繁琐投资成本大，因而在拉开滤板垂落卸饼使用过程中很不实用，直接造成过滤效率低，从而使经济效益受到损失。
因此，如何解决现有技术中滤饼垂落的使用成本，是本领域内技术人员亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种压滤机，其使用成本比较低。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：。
一种压滤机，包括机架，所述机架上设置有以下部件：
动力部件；
若干滤板，在所述动力部件的驱动下，沿所述机架往复移动以处于压滤工位和卸料工位；
振动卸饼装置，包括驱动部件和纵向布置的振动轴；所述振动轴的外周壁设置有凸起，当所述滤板位于所述卸料工位时，在所述驱动部件驱动所述振动轴围绕自身轴线转动过程中，所述振动轴上的凸起与所述滤板相碰撞以辅助卸料。
此外，本发明还提供了一种两次拉开滤板螺旋振动卸饼压滤机，该技术方案是：设置油缸体，所述的油缸体为加长型，所述的油缸体为加长型就是能够把多块滤板第一次拉开达到卸饼的间距，在滤板两侧设有卸饼间距链子控制距离，设置油缸托架，所述的油缸托架一端连接主梁，另一端安装在油缸体下端，过滤完成油缸体活塞杆退回原位，活塞杆连接压紧板带动滤板实现第一次拉开多块滤板卸饼，设置拉板减速电机，所述的拉板减速电机安装在压滤机止推板，所述的拉板减速电机安装主动链轮，所述的主动链轮连接主动链条，设置主动轴，所述的主动轴安装被动链轮，所述的被动链轮连接主动链条，在主动轴两端设有驱动链轮，所述的驱动链轮连接被动链条，设置被动轴，所述的被动轴两端设有从动链轮，所述的从动链轮一端连接被动链条，被动轴另一端从动链轮连接拉板链条，所述的拉板链条安装在链盒里面，所述的链盒安装在主梁侧面，设置中间隔板，所述的中间隔板安装在第二次拉开滤板的前端，滤板两侧安装间距链子，设置支架体，所述的支架体安装在中间隔板两侧，所述的支架体上端设有卡槽连接主梁，所述的支架体下端连接拉板链条，中间隔板通过拉板链条传动实现第二次拉开多块滤板卸饼，设置螺旋振动卸饼装置，所述的振动卸饼装置包括振动减速电机，所述的振动减速电机安装联轴器，设置振动轴，所述的振动轴两端设有轴承座，所述的振动轴一端通过轴承座连接联轴器，在振动轴上面设有螺旋式排列的振动块，每个振动块对应一个滤板安装的把手，在把手底部安装有耐磨块，安装上述部件组成螺旋振动卸饼装置，所述的螺旋振动卸饼装置为两套安装在主梁，所述的两套螺旋振动卸饼装置分别安装在左侧主梁尾端和右侧主梁头端。
与现有技术中设置气动垂打装置相比，本发明中的振动卸饼装置中设 置有振动轴，动力部件在驱动振动轴转动时，振动轴上的凸起可以与滤板进行碰撞接触，利用凸起撞击滤板产生的震动力将滤饼从滤板上振落。振动轴结构简单，可大大降低压滤机的使用成本，并且该振动卸饼装置运用灵活。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种两次拉开滤板螺旋振动卸饼压滤机结构示意图。
图2是图1的侧面结构示意图。
图3是图1的俯视示意图。
图4是图1的中间隔板结构示意图。
图5是图1的螺旋振动卸饼结构示意图。
其中，图1至图5中：
1.拉板减速电机，2.拉板链条，3.中间隔板，4.支架体，5.滤板，6.把手，7.间距链子，8.油缸托架，9.振动减速电机，10.联轴器，11.轴承座，12.振动轴，13.主动链条，14.主动轴，15.被动链条，16.被动轴，17.支撑架，18.振动块，19.耐磨块。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对作进一步说明：
请参考图1-图5，本发明提供了一种压滤机，包括机架，机架的主要作用是为其他零部件提供安装平台。机架的钢度、强度和材料可以根据实际应用要求进行合理选取，本文不做赘述。
本发明中机架上设置有以下部件动力部件、若干滤板和振动卸饼装置。
在动力部件的驱动下，各滤板能够沿机架往复移动以处于压滤工位和卸料工位，当滤板处于压滤工位时，各滤板之间相互靠近可以对滤饼进行压滤；当滤板处于卸料工位时，相邻滤板被拉开预定距离以形成用于滤饼卸出的空间。相邻滤板之间的连接方式可以参考现有技术，本文不做过多赘述。
本发明所提供的振动卸饼装置包括驱动部件和纵向布置的振动轴，振 动轴的外周壁设置有凸起，当滤板位于卸料工位时，在驱动部件驱动振动轴围绕自身轴线转动过程中，振动轴上的凸起与滤板相碰撞以辅助卸料。
也就是说，振动轴在转动过程中，其上凸起能够与滤板直接或者间接碰撞，在二者撞击力的作用下，滤饼被从滤板上振落。
与现有技术中设置气动垂打装置相比，本发明中的振动卸饼装置中设置有振动轴，动力部件在驱动振动轴转动时，振动轴上的凸起可以与滤板进行碰撞接触，利用凸起撞击滤板产生的震动力将滤饼从滤板上振落。振动轴结构简单，可大大降低压滤机的使用成本，并且该振动卸饼装置运用灵活。
在一种具体实施方式中，在沿竖直方向预定范围内，各滤板相对机架可上下移动；当滤板位于卸料工位时，各滤板的部分位于振动轴的上方，在振动轴转动过程中，滤板与凸起间歇性接触以上下往复振动。
通常各滤板的上端的两侧滑动安装于机架上，振动轴可以设置于滤板的上端两侧部的下方，具体地，振动轴可以位于滤板的把手6下方。振动轴转动时，振动轴上的凸起与相应侧把手6碰撞以推动滤板上移，当凸起与滤板接触瞬间会产生震动力，当凸起转动离开滤板后，滤板在自身重力作用下回落至原位置同样也会产生震动力，有利于滤饼的有效清除。
滤板越多，一次拉开滤板所需要的行程也越大，这样机组纵向长度也就越长，这样压滤机的安装空间也相应越大，大大限制了压滤机在空间较小环境中的应用。为了克服上述缺陷，本文进一步提出了以下解决方案。
在一种优选的实施方式中，动力部件包括油缸和辅助动力部件，油缸可以通过油缸托架安装于机架的一端部。沿纵向，所有滤板分为第一部分滤板和第二部分滤板，油缸驱动所有滤板处于压滤工位，当油缸回缩至初始状态时，第一部分滤板中各滤板之间被拉开预定距离以形成卸料空间；辅助动力部件驱动第二部分滤板中各滤板之间被拉开预定距离以形成卸料空间，同时第一部分滤板中各滤板间距被挤压。
油缸工作时，其活塞杆具有两个位置：全伸状态工作位置和全缩状态工作位置，所有滤板处于压缩滤饼状态时，油缸的活塞杆可以处于第一极限位置，第一极限位置可以为全伸状态工作位置，也可以为全缩状态工作位置，这与油缸的安装位置有关。本文优选，活塞杆逐渐伸长压紧滤板间 距为例继续介绍技术方案。
油缸体活塞杆伸长进行压紧滤板工作，当过滤工作完成后，活塞杆逐渐回缩，从而带动连接于其缸活塞杆端部的滤板向后运动，滤板之间的间距达到最大时，活塞杆回缩复回原位，此时油缸停止工作，对第一部分滤板进行振动卸料，第一部分滤板完成卸料后，控制辅助动力部件开始动作，辅助动力部件驱动第二部分滤板中相邻滤板之间被拉开预定距离以形成卸料空间，第二部分滤板再拉开的同时，第一部分滤板被挤压，第一部分滤板中各滤板之间的距离变小。
当第二部分滤板完成振动卸料后，油缸伸长推动第一部分滤板和第二部分滤板同时运动进行下一次压滤工作。
上述实施例中，第一部分滤板被拉开时，第二部分滤板处于压缩状态；第二部分滤板被拉开时，第一部分滤板处于压缩状态。这样不仅可以大大缩短油缸的使用长度，而且可以降低压滤机的纵向长度。
优选，第一部分滤板和第二部分滤板中滤板的数量相同。
当然，所有滤板的拉开不限于分为两次，也可以分成三次或者更多次，设置相应的辅助动力部件。
在一种具体的实施方式中，辅助动力部件可以为电机-链轮链条结构，其包括电机以及由电机驱动的两个拉板链条2，两拉板链条2分居于滤板的两侧。压滤机还包括中间隔板3，固定连接于第二部件滤板的最外侧滤板且靠近第一部分滤板端，中间隔板3的两侧分别固定于两侧拉板链条2。
电机可以为减速电机，即定义为拉板减速电机1。
该实施方式中，电机-链轮链条结构布置灵活性比较高，可以获取结构紧凑的压滤机结构，进一步缩短压滤机的纵向长度。
在一种实施方式中，电机安装于机架的底部，压滤机还包括横向转动支撑于机架上的主动轴14，主动轴14可以通过轴承转动支撑于机架的主梁上，主动轴14的两端均设置有轴承。主动轴14的位置高于电机，电机的输出轴通过链轮-链条将动力传递至主动轴14，即电机的输出端设置有主动链轮，主动轴上也设置有链轮，电机的主动链轮和主动轴14的链轮通过链条连接实现动力传递。同时主动轴14的两端部分别设置有与两拉板链条2啮合的链轮。
进一步的，为了方便各零部件的布置，压滤机还可以包括两套被动链条15和被动轴16，与拉板链条2啮合工作的链轮设于被动轴16，主动轴14的动力经被动链条15传递至被动轴16。
也就是说，电机的动力依次经主动轴14、被动链条15、被动轴16、被动轴上的链轮传递至拉板链条2。
为了保证中间隔板运动平稳，中间隔板3的两端部还可以设置支架体4，支架体以在电机驱动下转动，进而带动中间隔板3向右运动，第二部分滤板被拉开。
振动卸饼装置的数量为两个，分别用于对所述第一部分滤板和所述第二部分滤板进行振动卸饼。即驱动部件、振动轴以及与之配合工作的零部件的数量均为两个。二者可以单独工作，互不影响。
以下给出了凸起的一种具体结构形式。
上述各实施例中，沿纵向振动轴布置有至少两组凸起，每一组中凸起的数量为至少两个，并且每一组各凸起呈螺旋式布置，凸起与相应滤板接触的外表面为圆滑坡面，且沿振动轴转动方向，圆滑坡面逐渐升高。
凸起的接触外表面为圆滑坡面，有利于凸起与滤板把手底平面的平滑接触，避免振动轴转动卡死现象的产生，提高滤饼的去除效率。
凸起的接触外表面可以为螺旋线形状。
为了防止滤板因拉开距离过大而被损坏，相邻滤板之间还可以设置有卸饼间距链子7，用于限制两相邻滤板之间的拉开最大间距；相邻滤板的上端之间和下端之间均设置有卸饼间距链子7。
上述各实施例中驱动部件可以为电机，本文定义为振动减速电机9，振动减速电机9通过联轴器10连接振动轴。振动轴的两端可以通过轴承、轴承座11等部件转动固定于机架上。
以下描述了一种具体的实施例，该实施例中的压滤机中所有滤板通过两次实现完全拉开卸料，具体描述如下：
请再次参阅图1、图2、图3、图4和图5所示，本发明提供一种两次拉开滤板螺旋振动卸饼压滤机，设置油缸体为加长型，所述的油缸体为加长型就是活塞杆长度能够把第一次拉开50﹪滤板5达到卸饼的间距，过滤 完成活塞杆退回原位，活塞杆带动滤板一次拉开卸除滤饼，减少拉开滤板5工作时间程序，能够实现多块滤板5同时拉开卸饼，在滤板5两侧设有卸饼间距链子7控制距离，在滤板5上端和下端设有双层间距链子7上下间距带动运行平衡，保持滤板5间距垂直卸饼，设置油缸托架8一端连接主梁，所述的油缸托架8另一端安装在油缸体下端，可使油缸体安装稳固受力平衡，活塞杆连接压紧板带动滤板5实现第一次拉开滤板卸饼。
设置拉板减速电机1安装在压滤机止推板，所述的拉板减速电机1安装主动链轮，所述的主动链轮和主动链条13连接，设置主动轴14安装被动链轮，所述的被动链轮和主动链条13连接，所述的主动轴14两端设有轴承座安装在主梁上端，在主动轴14两端设有驱动链轮，所述的驱动链轮和被动链条15连接，设置被动轴16，所述的被动轴16设有轴承座安装在主梁下端，被动轴16两端设有从动链轮，所述的被动轴16一端从动链轮和被动链条15连接，所述的被动轴16另一端从动链轮和拉板链条2连接，所述的拉板链条2安装在主梁侧面链盒里面，在主梁侧面安装有支撑架17，链盒安装在支撑架17上面，制作支撑架17使用的材料为型材槽钢，设置中间隔板3，所述的中间隔板3安装在第二次拉开滤板5的头板前端，制作中间隔板3使用的材料为钢材中板，材质为碳素结构钢，在滤板5两侧设有双层间距链子7控制距离，以保持卸饼的间距垂直降落，设置支架体4安装在中间隔板3两侧，所述的支架体4上端设有卡槽连接主梁凸台定位，可保证中间隔板3运行平稳，所述的支架体4下端连接拉板链条2，支架体4下端连接拉板链条2传动运行，中间隔板3通过拉板链条2传动实现第二次拉开滤板卸饼。
设置机械螺旋振动卸饼装置，所述的卸饼装置包括振动减速电机9，所述的振动减速电机9安装在主梁侧面，所述的振动减速电机9安装联轴器10，设置振动轴12，所述的振动轴12两端设有轴承座11，所述的轴承座11安装在主梁侧面，所述的振动轴12一端通过轴承座11连接联轴器10，制作振动轴12使用的材料为无缝钢管，在振动轴12上面设有螺旋式排列焊接的振动块18(振动块即上述凸起)，每个振动块18对应一个滤板5安装的把手6，所述的滤板5安装的把手6，在把手6底面设有耐磨块19与振动块18连接振动卸饼，制作耐磨块19使用的材料为不锈钢板，所述 的振动块18外部形状为弧形焊接在振动轴12上面，振动轴12通过转动使焊接的振动块18冲击把手6使滤板抖动，使粘挂的滤饼坠落，安装上述部件组成机械螺旋振动卸饼装置，所述的机械螺旋振动卸饼装置为两套安装在主梁，所述的两套机械螺旋振动卸饼装置分别安装在左侧主梁和右侧主梁。
工作过程
全部由PLC可编程控制器程序自动操作运行如下；
压滤机过滤完成卸饼开始——加长油缸体活塞杆退回——活塞杆带动50﹪滤板第一次拉开卸饼——右侧主梁螺旋振动卸饼装置转动——设置转动时间计时停止——拉板减速电机1开始工作——拉板链条2带动中间隔板3第二次拉开50﹪滤板卸饼——左侧主梁螺旋振动卸饼装置转动——设置转动时间计时停止——压滤机一个循环卸饼全部完成。
需要说明的是：以上实施例仅用于说明相应的技术方案而并非限制本发明所描述的技术方案，尽管本说明书参照上述的实施例进行了详细的说明，但是，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，所属技术领域的技术人员仍然可以对上述实施方式进行修改或者等同替换，而一切不脱离本发明的精神和范围的技术方案及其改进，均应涵盖在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种压滤机，其特征在于，包括机架，所述机架上设置有以下部件：
    动力部件；
    若干滤板，在所述动力部件的驱动下，沿所述机架往复移动以处于压滤工位和卸料工位；
    振动卸饼装置，包括驱动部件和纵向布置的振动轴；所述振动轴的外周壁设置有凸起，当所述滤板位于所述卸料工位时，在所述驱动部件驱动所述振动轴围绕自身轴线转动过程中，所述振动轴上的凸起与所述滤板相碰撞以辅助卸料。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的压滤机，其特征在于，在沿竖直方向预定范围内，各所述滤板相对所述机架可上下移动；当所述滤板位于所述卸料工位时，各所述滤板的把手位于所述振动轴的上方，在所述振动轴转动过程中，所述滤板的把手与所述凸起间歇性接触以上下往复振动。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的压滤机，其特征在于，所述动力部件包括油缸和辅助动力部件，沿纵向，所有所述滤板分为第一部分滤板和第二部分滤板，所述油缸驱动所有滤板处于压滤工位，当所述油缸回缩运动至全缩状态时，所述第一部分滤板中各滤板之间被拉开预定距离以形成卸料空间；所述辅助动力部件驱动第二部分滤板中各相邻滤板之间被拉开预定距离以形成卸料空间，同时第一部分滤板中各滤板间距减小。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的压滤机，其特征在于，所述第一部分滤板和所述第二部分滤板中滤板的数量相同。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的压滤机，其特征在于，所述辅助动力部件为电机-链轮链条结构，其包括电机以及由所述电机驱动的两个拉板链条，两所述拉板链条分居于滤板的两侧；所述压滤机还包括中间隔板，固定连接于所述第二部件滤板的最外侧滤板且靠近所述第一部分滤板端，所述中间隔板的两侧分别固定于两侧所述拉板链条。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的压滤机，其特征在于，所述电机安装于所述机架的底部，还包括横向转动支撑于所述机架上的主动轴，所述主动轴的位置高于所述电机，所述电机的输出轴通过链轮-链条将动力传递至所述主动轴，所述主动轴的两端部分别设置有与两所述拉板链条啮合的链轮。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的压滤机，其特征在于，还包括两套被动链条和被动轴，与所述拉板链条啮合工作的链轮设于所述被动轴，所述主动轴的动力经所述被动链条传递至所述被动轴。
  8. 如权利要求3所述的压滤机，其特征在于，所述振动卸饼装置的数量为两个，分别用于对所述第一部分滤板和所述第二部分滤板进行振动卸料。
  9. 如权利要求3所述的压滤机，其特征在于，沿纵向所述振动轴布置有至少两组所述凸起，每一组中所述凸起的数量为至少两个，并且每一组各所述凸起呈螺旋式布置，所述凸起与相应所述滤板接触的外表面为圆滑坡面，且沿所述振动轴转动方向，所述圆滑坡面逐渐升高。
  10. 如权利要求1或2所述的压滤机，其特征在于，相邻滤板之间还设置有卸饼间距链子，用于限制两相邻所述滤板之间的拉开最大间距；相邻滤板的上端之间和下端之间均设置有所述卸饼间距链子。
  11. 一种两次拉开滤板螺旋振动卸饼压滤机，其特征在于，该技术方案是：设置油缸体，所述的油缸体为加长型，所述的油缸体为加长型就是能够把多块滤板第一次拉开达到卸饼的间距，在滤板两侧设有卸饼间距链子控制距离，设置油缸托架，所述的油缸托架一端连接主梁，另一端安装在油缸体下端，过滤完成油缸体活塞杆退回原位，活塞杆连接压紧板带动滤板实现第一次拉开多块滤板卸饼，设置拉板减速电机，所述的拉板减速电机安装在压滤机止推板，所述的拉板减速电机安装主动链轮，所述的主动链轮连接主动链条，设置主动轴，所述的主动轴安装被动链轮，所述的被动链轮连接主动链条，在主动轴两端设有驱动链轮，所述的驱动链轮连接被动链条，设置被动轴，所述的被动轴两端设有从动链轮，所述的从动链轮一端连接被动链条，被动轴另一端从动链轮连接拉板链条，所述的拉板链条安装在链盒里面，所述的链盒安装在主梁侧面，设置中间隔板，所述的中间隔板安装在第二次拉开滤板的前端，滤板两侧安装间距链子，设置支架体，所述的支架体安装在中间隔板两侧，所述的支架体上端设有卡槽连接主梁，所述的支架体下端连接拉板链条，中间隔板通过拉板链条传动实现第二次拉开多块滤板卸饼，设置螺旋振动卸饼装置，所述的振动卸 饼装置包括振动减速电机，所述的振动减速电机安装联轴器，设置振动轴，所述的振动轴两端设有轴承座，所述的振动轴一端通过轴承座连接联轴器，在振动轴上面设有螺旋式排列的振动块，每个振动块对应一个滤板安装的把手，在把手底部安装有耐磨块，安装上述部件组成螺旋振动卸饼装置，所述的螺旋振动卸饼装置为两套安装在主梁，所述的两套螺旋振动卸饼装置分别安装在左侧主梁尾端和右侧主梁头端。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的一种两次拉开滤板螺旋振动卸饼压滤机，其特征在于，所述的在滤板两侧设有卸饼间距链子控制距离，在滤板两侧上端和下端设有卸饼两层间距链子控制距离。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的一种两次拉开滤板螺旋振动卸饼压滤机，其特征在于，所述的链盒安装在主梁侧面，在链盒下面设有支撑架，链盒连接支撑架安装在主梁侧面。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的一种两次拉开滤板螺旋振动卸饼压滤机，其特征在于，所述的在把手底部安装有耐磨块，制作耐磨块使用的材料为不锈钢板。
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