WO2019091447A1 - 一种高防透芯鞘复合纤维及织物 - Google Patents

一种高防透芯鞘复合纤维及织物 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019091447A1
WO2019091447A1 PCT/CN2018/114782 CN2018114782W WO2019091447A1 WO 2019091447 A1 WO2019091447 A1 WO 2019091447A1 CN 2018114782 W CN2018114782 W CN 2018114782W WO 2019091447 A1 WO2019091447 A1 WO 2019091447A1
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Prior art keywords
core
sheath
component
weight
inorganic particles
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PCT/CN2018/114782
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵锁林
吉宫隆之
王蒋伟
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东丽纤维研究所（中国）有限公司
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Priority to CN201880029035.4A priority Critical patent/CN110637114A/zh
Publication of WO2019091447A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019091447A1/zh

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high anti-corrosion core-sheath composite polyester fiber and a fabric using the same, in particular to a high anti-transparent and anti-UV core-sheath composite polyester fiber containing a high content of inorganic particles in a core component.
  • Visual obscuration is an important property of textiles. In the field of taking, it is related to the most basic shading function; in the decorative and military fields, it involves special visual requirements such as one-way perspective and camouflage. In addition, with the increasing use of Freon worldwide and the increasing environmental pollution, the ozone layer in the atmosphere is seriously damaged. Long-term exposure to ultraviolet radiation will reduce the lifespan of organic molecules, reduce the body's immune function, not only damage the skin caused by dermatitis, erythema, freckles and skin cancer, but also promote eye diseases and cause cataract diseases. In addition, especially in summer, the weather is hot, and clothing with a certain heat-blocking performance has become the pursuit of consumers.
  • Chinese patent CN201510289564.6 discloses an orange flap anti-seepage fiber.
  • the fiber uses TiO 2 particles to achieve a barrier effect, and the opacity can reach 99% to 100%.
  • the fiber TiO 2 particles are present in the fan-shaped portion of the fiber cross section, and a part of the fiber TiO 2 particles are exposed on the surface of the fiber, and the post-processing causes the TiO 2 particles to fall off, affecting the workability and contaminating the processing equipment.
  • the TiO 2 particles in the fiber are not uniformly distributed, and the TiO 2 particles are white particles, which have an effect on the dyeing of the fiber.
  • the uneven distribution of the TiO 2 particles in the fiber causes the fabric to be stained after dyeing, which affects the quality. Therefore the use of the fiber is limited.
  • the circular cross-section fiber containing high concentration of TiO 2 is poor in engineering passability due to the exposure of a large amount of inorganic particles during spinning and post-processing, and the TiO 2 particles fall off easily contaminate the equipment, and direct spinning is difficult.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a core-sheath composite fiber which has high barrier properties against ultraviolet rays and heat shielding properties and a fabric formed therefrom.
  • a high anti-transparent core-sheath composite fiber wherein the ratio of the core component to the sheath component in the cross-section of the core-sheath composite fiber is 50 to 95:50 to 5; and the core component contains 5.0 to 30.0% by weight of the core component Inorganic particles A; the sheath component contains inorganic particles B in an amount of 3.0% by weight or less based on the sheath component.
  • the average particle diameter of the inorganic particles A in the core component is preferably 1.50 ⁇ m or less.
  • the inorganic particles A and the inorganic particles B are preferably titanium dioxide at the same time.
  • the inorganic particles A are preferably rutile-type titanium dioxide.
  • IV core- IV sheath -0.3dl / g ⁇ 0.5dl / g Formula 1;
  • IV core- IV sheath -0.2 dl / g ⁇ 0.3 dl / g Formula 2.
  • the core component preferably contains inorganic particles A in an amount of 7.0 to 25.0% by weight based on the core component
  • the sheath component preferably contains inorganic particles B in an amount of 1.0 to 3.0% by weight based on the sheath component.
  • the average particle diameter of the inorganic particles A in the core component is preferably 1.00 ⁇ m or less.
  • the invention also discloses a fabric prepared from the above high-penetration core-sheath composite fiber.
  • the total of the inorganic particles A and the inorganic particles B in the woven fabric preferably accounts for 4.0 to 25.0% by weight of the woven fabric; both the inorganic particles A and the inorganic particles B are preferably titanium dioxide, and the inorganic particles A are preferably rutile-type titanium dioxide.
  • the core component of the core-sheath composite fiber disclosed in the present invention contains a high content of inorganic particles, and the core-sheath composite fiber and the fabric formed therefrom have high anti-transparency, anti-ultraviolet, and heat-shielding properties.
  • the ratio of the core component to the sheath component in the cross-sectional section of the core-sheath composite fiber of the present invention is 50 to 95:50 to 5, wherein the core component contains 5.0 to 30.0% by weight of the inorganic component A in the core component, and the sheath component The inorganic particles B containing 3.0% by weight or less of the sheath component are contained.
  • the ratio of the core component to the sheath component in the core-sheath composite fiber is 50 to 95:50 to 5. If the ratio of the core component to the sheath component in the core-sheath composite fiber is less than 50:50, since the fiber is resistant to penetration, ultraviolet, and heat shielding, it is reflected in the core component of the high inorganic particle content, and the core component content is too low to be It reflects the anti-transparent, anti-ultraviolet and heat-shielding properties; if the ratio of core component to sheath component is greater than 95 to 5, the usual composite spinning will be difficult, and the thickness of the sheath component is insufficient to completely cover the core.
  • the composition causes a large amount of inorganic particles to be exposed, and the spinning equipment is damaged at the time of high-speed spinning, and the exposed inorganic particles are easily detached, thereby affecting the anti-transparency, anti-ultraviolet and heat-shielding properties of the core-sheath composite fiber.
  • the content of the inorganic particles A in the core component is 5.0 to 30.0% by weight based on the total weight of the core component.
  • the content of inorganic particles A in the core component is higher than 30.0% by weight, the spinning performance is affected, and the yarn breakage and the fluttering phenomenon are easily generated in the spinning process, and the strength of the obtained core-sheath composite fiber is poor, which affects its subsequent use;
  • the content of the inorganic particles A is less than 5.0% by weight, although there is no problem in the spinning performance and the physical properties of the core-sheath composite fiber, a small amount of inorganic particles is not conducive to the reflection and absorption of light, and the core-sheath composite fiber is resistant to ultraviolet rays and ultraviolet rays.
  • the content of the inorganic particles A in the core component of the present invention is preferably 7.0 to 25.0% by weight based on the total weight of the core component.
  • the average particle diameter of the inorganic particles A in the core component is preferably 1.50 ⁇ m or less.
  • the inorganic particles A easily block the filter in the spinning assembly during the spinning process, causing the component pressure to rise rapidly, exceeding the upper limit of the pressure that can be used in the component in a short time, and must be stopped, affecting Productivity; At the same time, the spinning process interrupts the increase of silk and silk, affecting the spinning operation and the basic physical properties of the fiber.
  • the inorganic particles A have an average particle diameter of 1.50 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 1.00 ⁇ m or less.
  • the sheath component may contain inorganic particles B or may not contain inorganic particles B.
  • the content thereof may be 3.0% by weight or less based on the total weight of the sheath components.
  • the content of the inorganic particles B in the sheath component is more than 3.0% by weight, the possibility that the inorganic particles B fall off due to the exposure of the surface inorganic particles B, and the inorganic particles B usually have a large hardness, and the spinning process and the spinning machine are Friction of the guide wire and the like can easily damage these parts.
  • the content of the inorganic particles B in the sheath component is 1.0 to 3.0% by weight based on the weight of the sheath component.
  • the inorganic particles A and the inorganic particles B may be titanium dioxide, calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, zinc oxide, silicon dioxide, boron nitride or the like. Among them, titanium dioxide, calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, and zinc oxide are preferred.
  • the inorganic particles A and the inorganic particles B may be two different compounds or the same compound. In order to obtain a core-sheath composite fiber having higher barrier properties and ultraviolet resistance, it is preferred in the present invention that the inorganic particles A and the inorganic particles B are simultaneously titanium dioxide.
  • Titanium dioxide is classified into anatase type titanium dioxide and rutile type titanium dioxide depending on the crystal form.
  • the anatase type titanium dioxide which is generally used has an unstable crystal structure and is prone to generate radicals, and when the radicals are accumulated to a certain amount, the light fastness of the polymer is affected. Therefore, when a large amount of anatase type titanium dioxide is contained in the fiber, the light resistance of the fiber is deteriorated.
  • the inorganic particles A of the present invention preferably use rutile type titanium dioxide.
  • the polymer of the core component is not particularly limited in the present invention, and includes various thermoplastic polymers. It may be a polyester polymer or a polyamide polymer, or may be a polyolefin polymer. Specifically, the polyester-based polymer may be a homopolymer such as polyethylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate or polybutylene terephthalate, or may be copolymerized thereof.
  • the polyamide-based polymer may be polyamide 6, cationic dye-dyeable polyamide 6, polyamide 66 or the like; the polyolefin-based polymer may be polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutadiene or the like.
  • the polymer constituting the sheath component is not particularly limited in the present invention, and includes various thermoplastic polymers.
  • the sheath component may be a polyester polymer or a polyamide polymer or a polyolefin polymer depending on the polymer raw material.
  • the polyester-based polymer may be a homopolymer such as polyethylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate or polybutylene terephthalate, or may be copolymerized thereof.
  • the polyester polymer may be a disperse dye-dyeable polyester, a cationic dye-dyeable polyester, a readily soluble polyester, an electrically conductive polyester, an antistatic polyester, a hygroscopic polyester, and a low friction depending on the function.
  • the polyamide-based polymer may be polyamide 6, cationic dye-dyeable polyamide 6, polyamide 66, etc.
  • the polyolefin-based polymer may be polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutadiene, etc. .
  • the sheath component may be a large photopolymer, a semi-dull polymer, a full matting polymer such as a macroluminescent polyester, a semi-dull polyester, a fully matt polyester, or the like.
  • the polymer constituting the sheath component is preferably a fully matte polyester or a cationic dyeable polyester having an inorganic particle B content of 1.0 to 3.0% by weight.
  • the form of the fiber in the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be a long fiber or a short fiber.
  • the present invention defines the viscosity of the polymer constituting the core component and the polymer constituting the sheath component.
  • the viscosity IV of the core and sheath polymer viscosity IV of the sheath component constituting the relationship between the core component polymer is preferably as shown in formula 1,
  • IV core- IV sheath -0.3dl / g ⁇ 0.5dl / g Formula 1,
  • IV core- IV sheath -0.2 dl / g ⁇ 0.3 dl / g Formula 2.
  • the value of the IV core- IV sheath is too large, that is, the viscosity IV core of the polymer constituting the core component is too high, the fluidity of the core component is poor under normal melt spinning conditions, and the spinning cannot be performed normally;
  • the value of the IV core- IV sheath is too small, that is, when the viscosity IV core of the polymer constituting the core component is much lower than the viscosity IV sheath of the polymer constituting the sheath component, the spinning stress is concentrated toward the sheath component during the spinning process. It affects the orientation of the core component polymer, resulting in deterioration of the physical properties of the resulting fiber.
  • the sheath component exposed to the outer surface encapsulates the core component containing the high-concentration inorganic particle A, and the inorganic particle A and the nozzle of the spinning machine, the yarn guide of the spinning machine, the roller, etc. are directly avoided during the spinning.
  • Contact reduce the frictional resistance, ensure the good engineering passability of the thread, and avoid the direct contact of the inorganic particles A with the parts of the spinning machine, causing the falling off, polluting the nozzle, the yarn guide and the roller, reducing the anti-penetration of the core-sheath composite fiber.
  • the effect of anti-ultraviolet and heat-shielding properties can also reduce the breaking rate of the post-processing process.
  • the core-sheath composite fiber of the present invention can be used to prepare a high anti-transparent, anti-ultraviolet, heat-shielding fabric.
  • the core-sheath composite fiber of the present invention may be partially used or wholly used in the fabric.
  • the other fibers may be ordinary polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, polyolefin fibers, polyurethane fibers or the like.
  • the total content of the inorganic particles A and the inorganic particles B in the woven fabric is preferably 4.0 to 25.0% by weight, and the inorganic particles A and the inorganic particles B are preferably titanium dioxide, and the inorganic particles A are most preferably rutile-type titanium oxide.
  • the fabric made of the core-sheath composite polyester fiber of the present invention has high anti-transparency, anti-UV, and heat-shielding effects.
  • test methods of each parameter involved in the present invention are as follows:
  • UV resistance parameters UVA and UPF were evaluated according to the standard GB/T 6529.
  • the composite ratio of the fibers is determined by the cross-sectional photograph, and then the dissolution treatment is performed using an alkali solution, and the dissolution of the sheath component is confirmed by the reduction rate.
  • the X-ray fluorescence spectrometer is used (manufacturer: Rigaku, model: ZSX PrimusIII+) determines the content of metal elements in the core component, and then derives the content of inorganic particles in the core component by molecular formula; the total content of inorganic particles in the fabric is measured minus the content of inorganic particles in the core component, that is, the sheath component is obtained. The content of inorganic particles.
  • the fiber cross-section photograph was taken by SEM. After printing, 10 particles were selected from the core components, and the diameters passing through the center of the particles were measured, and the final result was the average of 10 sets of data.
  • the value of the fiber's strength product is greater than 18 and is judged as ⁇ .
  • the value of the fiber's strength product is 15 to 18, which is judged as ⁇ , and the fiber's strength product is 13 to 15 (excluding 15). .
  • Ts the number of seconds of the standard sample
  • the test was conducted according to the standard JIS L0842 for 20 hours of light-resistant irradiation, and the sample after the irradiation treatment was compared with the unirradiated comparison sample, and the light fastness level was determined according to the standard comparative gray card.
  • ⁇ The light fastness is 4 or more, and ⁇ is 3 grades.
  • the obtained fiber was obtained by melting to obtain a film, and the position of the crystallization peak was measured using an X-ray diffractometer.
  • the crystallization peak position of the rutile titanium oxide was usually measured, and the crystal form of the titanium oxide was judged by comparison of the positions of the crystallization peaks obtained by the two.
  • the matte polyester (sheath component) is pre-crystallized and dried to 50 ppm or less, and is placed in a spinning A and B silo for spinning and false twisting to obtain long fibers having high barrier properties.
  • the difference in viscosity IV between the core component and the sheath component is zero.
  • the obtained fiber was made into a cylinder, and the obtained cylinder knitted fabric had an anti-permeability of 90.0%, and had ultraviolet resistance and light fastness.
  • the matte polyester (sheath component) is pre-crystallized and dried to 50 ppm or less, and is placed in a spinning A and B silo for spinning and false twisting to obtain long fibers having high barrier properties.
  • the difference in viscosity IV between the core component and the sheath component is zero.
  • the obtained fiber was made into a cylinder, and the obtained cylinder knitted fabric had an anti-permeability of 92.6%, and had ultraviolet resistance and light fastness.
  • the matte polyester (sheath component) is pre-crystallized and dried to 50 ppm or less, and is placed in a spinning A and B silo for spinning and false twisting to obtain long fibers having high barrier properties.
  • the difference in viscosity IV between the core component and the sheath component is zero.
  • the obtained fiber was made into a cylinder, and the obtained cylinder knitted fabric had an anti-permeability of 93.8%, and had ultraviolet resistance and light fastness.
  • the matte polyester (sheath component) is pre-crystallized and dried to 50 ppm or less, and is placed in a spinning A and B silo for spinning and false twisting to obtain long fibers having high barrier properties.
  • the difference in viscosity IV between the core component and the sheath component is zero.
  • the obtained fiber was made into a cylinder, and the obtained cylinder knitted fabric had an anti-permeability of 94.6%, and had ultraviolet resistance and light fastness.
  • the matte polyester (sheath component) is pre-crystallized and dried to 50 ppm or less, and is placed in a spinning A and B silo for spinning and false twisting to obtain long fibers having high barrier properties.
  • the difference in viscosity IV between the core component and the sheath component is zero.
  • the obtained fiber was made into a cylinder, and the obtained cylinder knitted fabric had an anti-permeability of 95.6%, and had ultraviolet resistance and light fastness.
  • the matte polyester (sheath component) is pre-crystallized and dried to 50 ppm or less, and is placed in a spinning A and B silo for spinning and false twisting to obtain long fibers having high barrier properties.
  • the difference in viscosity IV between the core component and the sheath component is zero.
  • the obtained fiber is made into a cylinder, and the obtained tubular fabric has an anti-permeability of 95.9%, has anti-ultraviolet performance, and is light-fasten.
  • the matte polyester (sheath component) is pre-crystallized and dried to 50 ppm or less, and is placed in a spinning A and B silo for spinning and false twisting to obtain long fibers having high barrier properties.
  • the difference in viscosity IV between the core component and the sheath component is zero.
  • the obtained fiber was made into a cylinder, and the obtained cylinder knitted fabric had an anti-permeability of 94.5%, and had ultraviolet resistance and light fastness.
  • the matte polyester (sheath component) is pre-crystallized and dried to 50 ppm or less, and is placed in a spinning A and B silo for spinning and false twisting to obtain long fibers having high barrier properties.
  • the difference in viscosity IV between the core component and the sheath component is zero.
  • the obtained fiber was made into a cylinder, and the obtained cylinder knitted fabric had an anti-permeability of 93.6%, and had ultraviolet resistance and light fastness.
  • the matte polyester (sheath component) is pre-crystallized and dried to 50 ppm or less, and is placed in a spinning A and B silo for spinning and false twisting to obtain long fibers having high barrier properties.
  • the difference in viscosity IV between the core component and the sheath component is zero.
  • the obtained fiber was made into a cylinder, and the obtained cylinder knitted fabric had an anti-permeability of 93.3%, and had ultraviolet resistance and light fastness.
  • PTT polyethylene terephthalate
  • core component containing 15.0% by weight of rutile-type TiO 2 particles having an average particle diameter of 0.60 ⁇ m and 20 parts by weight of large concentrating light containing no inorganic particles
  • the ester was pre-crystallized and dried to 50 ppm or less, and was placed in a spinning A and B silo for spinning and false twisting to obtain long fibers having high barrier properties.
  • the difference in viscosity IV between the core component and the sheath component is zero.
  • the obtained fiber was made into a cylinder, and the obtained cylinder knitted fabric had an anti-permeability of 93.0%, and had ultraviolet resistance and light fastness.
  • the matte polyester (sheath component) is pre-crystallized and dried to 50 ppm or less, and is placed in a spinning A and B silo for spinning and false twisting to obtain long fibers having high barrier properties.
  • the difference in viscosity IV between the core component and the sheath component is zero.
  • the obtained fiber was made into a cylinder, and the obtained cylinder knitted fabric had an anti-permeability of 93.2%, and had ultraviolet resistance and light fastness.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • core component polyethylene terephthalate
  • anatase type TiO 2 particles having an average particle diameter of 0.60 ⁇ m and 20 parts by weight of particles containing 2.5 wt% of TiO 2 particles
  • the fully matt polyester (sheath component) was pre-crystallized and dried to 50 ppm or less, and was placed in a spinning A and B silo for spinning and false twisting to obtain long fibers having high barrier properties.
  • the difference in viscosity IV between the core component and the sheath component is zero.
  • the obtained fiber was made into a cylinder, and the obtained cylinder knitted fabric had a penetration resistance of 93.1%, and had ultraviolet resistance and light fastness.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • core component polyethylene terephthalate
  • anatase type TiO 2 particles having an average particle diameter of 0.60 ⁇ m and 20 parts by weight of particles containing 2.5 wt% of TiO 2 particles
  • the fully matt polyester (sheath component) was pre-crystallized and dried to 50 ppm or less, and was placed in a spinning A and B silo for spinning and false twisting to obtain long fibers having high barrier properties. The difference in viscosity IV between the core component and the sheath component is zero.
  • the obtained fiber was made into a cylinder, and the obtained tubular fabric had an anti-permeability of 90.2%, and had ultraviolet resistance and light fastness.
  • the matte polyester (sheath component) is pre-crystallized and dried to 50 ppm or less, and is placed in a spinning A and B silo for spinning and false twisting to obtain long fibers having high barrier properties.
  • the difference in viscosity IV between the core component and the sheath component is zero.
  • the obtained fiber was made into a cylinder, and the obtained tubular fabric had an anti-permeability of 90.1%, and had ultraviolet resistance and light fastness.
  • the matte polyester (sheath component) is pre-crystallized and dried to 50 ppm or less, and is placed in a spinning A and B silo for spinning and false twisting to obtain long fibers having high barrier properties.
  • the difference in viscosity IV between the core component and the sheath component is zero.
  • the obtained fiber was made into a cylinder, and the obtained tubular fabric had an anti-permeability of 92.3%, and was resistant to ultraviolet rays and light fastness.
  • the matte polyester (sheath component) is pre-crystallized and dried to 50 ppm or less, and is placed in a spinning A and B silo for spinning and false twisting to obtain long fibers having high barrier properties.
  • the difference in viscosity IV between the core component and the sheath component is zero.
  • the obtained fiber was made into a cylinder, and the obtained cylinder knitted fabric had a barrier property of 96.2%, and had ultraviolet resistance and light fastness.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • core component containing 15.0% by weight of BaSO 4 particles having an average particle diameter of 0.60 ⁇ m and 20 parts by weight of polyester (sheath component) containing no inorganic particles Pre-crystallized and dried to 50 ppm or less, respectively, into the spinning A and B silos for spinning and false twisting to obtain long fibers with high barrier properties.
  • the difference in viscosity IV between the core component and the sheath component is zero.
  • the obtained fiber was made into a cylinder, and the obtained cylinder knitted fabric had an anti-permeability of 93.0%, and had ultraviolet resistance and light fastness.
  • the matte polyester (sheath component) is pre-crystallized and dried to 50 ppm or less, and is placed in a spinning A and B silo for spinning and false twisting to obtain long fibers having high barrier properties.
  • the difference in viscosity IV between the core component and the sheath component is zero.
  • the obtained fiber was made into a cylinder, and the obtained cylinder knitted fabric had an anti-permeability of 91.5%, and had ultraviolet resistance and light fastness.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • core component a mixture of rutile-type TiO 2 particles and BaSO 4 particles having an average particle diameter of 0.60 ⁇ m and 20 parts by weight containing 2.5 wt.
  • the fully matt polyester (sheath component) of %TiO 2v was pre-crystallized and dried to 50 ppm or less, and was placed in a spinning A and B silo for spinning and false twisting to obtain long fibers having high barrier properties.
  • the difference in viscosity IV between the core component and the sheath component is zero.
  • the obtained fiber was made into a cylinder, and the obtained tubular fabric had an anti-permeability of 92.9%, and had ultraviolet resistance and light fastness.
  • polycaprolactam (N6) core component containing 15.0% by weight of rutile-type TiO 2 particles having an average particle diameter of 0.60 ⁇ m and 20 parts by weight of polycaprolactam (N6) containing 2.5 wt% of TiO 2 particles (sheath component) )
  • the difference in viscosity IV between the core component and the sheath component is zero.
  • the obtained fiber was made into a cylinder, and the obtained cylinder knitted fabric had an anti-permeability of 93.5%, and had ultraviolet resistance and light fastness.
  • the matte polyester (sheath component) is pre-crystallized and dried to 50 ppm or less, and is placed in a spinning A and B silo for spinning and false twisting to obtain long fibers having high barrier properties.
  • the difference in viscosity IV between the core component and the sheath component is zero.
  • the obtained fiber was interwoven with ordinary polyester fiber at a ratio of 30:70 to obtain a knitted fabric, and the obtained knitted fabric had an anti-permeability of 85.1% and had ultraviolet resistance.
  • the content of inorganic particles in the final fabric is only 3.8 wt%, due to the large tissue density of the finished product, both the light transmittance and the ultraviolet resistance can meet the requirements, and the light fastness is acceptable.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • core component containing 15.0% by weight of CaCO 3 particles having an average particle diameter of 0.60 ⁇ m and 20 parts by weight of polyester (sheath component) containing no inorganic particles Pre-crystallized and dried to 50 ppm or less, respectively, into the spinning A and B silos for spinning and false twisting to obtain long fibers with high barrier properties.
  • the difference in viscosity IV between the core component and the sheath component is zero.
  • the obtained fiber was made into a cylinder, and the obtained cylinder knitted fabric had a penetration resistance of 91.0%, and had ultraviolet resistance and light fastness.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • sheath component polyester containing no inorganic particles were respectively Crystallization, drying to 50 ppm or less, respectively, into the spinning A, B silo for spinning, false twisting to obtain long fibers with high barrier properties.
  • the difference in viscosity IV between the core component and the sheath component is zero.
  • the obtained fiber was made into a cylinder, and the obtained cylinder knitted fabric had an anti-permeability of 91.3%, and had ultraviolet resistance and light fastness.
  • the matte polyester (sheath component) is pre-crystallized and dried to 50 ppm or less, and is placed in a spinning A and B silo for spinning and false twisting to obtain long fibers having high barrier properties.
  • the viscosity difference between the core component and the sheath component IV core- IV sheath was -0.3 dl/g.
  • the obtained fiber was made into a cylinder, and the obtained cylinder knitted fabric had an anti-permeability of 93.3%, and had ultraviolet resistance and light fastness.
  • the matte polyester (sheath component) is pre-crystallized and dried to 50 ppm or less, and is placed in a spinning A and B silo for spinning and false twisting to obtain long fibers having high barrier properties.
  • the viscosity difference between the core component and the sheath component IV core- IV sheath was -0.2 dl/g.
  • the obtained fiber was made into a cylinder, and the obtained cylinder knitted fabric had an anti-permeability of 93.2%, and had ultraviolet resistance and light fastness.
  • the matte polyester (sheath component) is pre-crystallized and dried to 50 ppm or less, and is placed in a spinning A and B silo for spinning and false twisting to obtain long fibers having high barrier properties.
  • the difference in viscosity between the core component and the sheath component of the IV core- IV sheath was 0.3 dl/g.
  • the obtained fiber was made into a cylinder, and the obtained cylinder knitted fabric had an anti-permeability of 93.7%, and had ultraviolet resistance and light fastness.
  • the matte polyester (sheath component) is pre-crystallized and dried to 50 ppm or less, and is placed in a spinning A and B silo for spinning and false twisting to obtain long fibers having high barrier properties.
  • the viscosity of the core component and the sheath component of the sheath difference IV -IV core 0.5dl / g.
  • the obtained fiber was made into a cylinder, and the obtained cylinder knitted fabric had an anti-permeability of 93.5%, and had ultraviolet resistance and light fastness.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • core component containing 15.0% by weight of rutile-type TiO 2 particles having an average particle diameter of 0.60 ⁇ m and 20 parts by weight of a cation containing 0.1 wt% of TiO 2 particles
  • the dye-dyeable polyester (sheath component) is pre-crystallized and dried to 50 ppm or less, respectively, and is placed in a spinning A and B silo for spinning and false twisting to obtain long fibers having high barrier properties.
  • the obtained fiber was made into a cylinder, and the obtained cylinder knitted fabric had an anti-permeability of 93.1% and had ultraviolet resistance.
  • PTT polyethylene terephthalate
  • core component containing 15.0% by weight of rutile-type TiO 2 particles having an average particle diameter of 1.00 ⁇ m and 20 parts by weight of a readily dissolvable type containing no inorganic particles
  • the ester (sheath component) was pre-crystallized and dried to 50 ppm or less, and was placed in a spinning A and B silo for spinning and false twisting to obtain long fibers having high barrier properties.
  • the obtained fiber was made into a cylinder and then reduced in a NaOH solution having a concentration of 2%, a bath ratio of 50, and a temperature of 98 ° C for 25 minutes, and the volume reduction rate of the cylinder was 20.4%. It has an anti-UV performance of 95.8% and has UV resistance.
  • the SEM was used to observe the reduced volume of the cylinder, and it was found that the surface of the fiber had obvious irregular granules, which were TiO 2 particles. At the same time, it can be seen that there are irregular pores on the surface of the fiber, which are caused by the partial TiO 2 particles falling off during the reduction process.
  • PP polypropylene
  • core component containing 15.0% by weight of rutile-type TiO 2 particles having an average particle diameter of 0.60 ⁇ m and 20 parts by weight of polypropylene (PP) containing 2.5 wt% of TiO 2 particles were separately spun into spinning.
  • the silk A and B silos are spun and false-twisted to produce long fibers with high barrier properties.
  • the viscosity difference between the core component and the sheath component IV core- IV sheath was 0 dl/g.
  • the obtained fiber was made into a cylinder, and the obtained cylinder knitted fabric had an anti-permeability of 93.3%, and had ultraviolet resistance and light fastness.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • core component containing 2.5 wt% of rutile-type TiO 2 particles having an average particle diameter of 0.60 ⁇ m and 20 parts by weight of all particles containing 2.5 wt% of TiO 2 particles
  • the matte polyester (sheath component) was pre-crystallized and dried to 50 ppm or less, and was placed in a spinning A and B silo to be spun and false-twisted to obtain long fibers. The difference in viscosity IV between the core component and the sheath component is zero.
  • the obtained fiber was made into a cylinder, and the obtained tubular fabric had a barrier property of 70.1%. Since the content of the inorganic particles A in the core component is less than 5% by weight, the obtained fibers and the fabric have an anti-permeability property, and have no ultraviolet resistance and good light fastness.
  • the matte polyester was pre-crystallized and dried to 50 ppm or less, and was placed in a spinning A and B silo to be spun and false-twisted to obtain long fibers.
  • the difference in viscosity IV between the core component and the sheath component is zero.
  • the spinning process interrupts the filaments and the fluttering filaments frequently, and the obtained fibers have poor physical properties, and the filaments are interrupted during the weaving process, and the production is not practical.
  • the matte polyester was pre-crystallized and dried to 50 ppm or less, and was placed in a spinning A and B silo to be spun and false-twisted to obtain long fibers.
  • the difference in viscosity IV between the core component and the sheath component is zero. Since the proportion of the sheath component having a small content of inorganic particles is too high, the obtained fabric has a barrier property of 73.1%, and has no ultraviolet resistance and good light fastness.
  • PET Polyethylene terephthalate
  • rutile TiO 2 particles having an average particle diameter of 0.60 ⁇ m was precrystallized, dried to 50 ppm or less, and placed in a spinning silo for spinning and false twisting.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • core component containing 15% by weight of rutile-type TiO 2 particles having an average particle diameter of 2.00 ⁇ m and 20 parts by weight of fully extinction containing 2.5 wt% of TiO 2 particles
  • the polyester (sheath component) was pre-crystallized and dried to 50 ppm or less, and each of them was put into a spinning A and B silo to be spun and false-twisted to obtain long fibers.
  • the difference in viscosity IV between the core component and the sheath component is zero. Since the average particle diameter of the inorganic particles B in the core component is too large, the spinning assembly during the spinning process is easily clogged by the inorganic particles and affects the spinnability.
  • the matte polyester (sheath component) is pre-crystallized and dried to 50 ppm or less, and is placed in a spinning A and B silo for spinning and false twisting to obtain long fibers having high barrier properties. Wherein the viscosity difference between the core component and the sheath component is 0.4 core- IV sheath .
  • the obtained fiber was made into a cylinder, and the obtained cylinder knitted fabric had an anti-permeability of 93.7%, and had ultraviolet resistance and light fastness.
  • the spinning process interrupts the filaments and the fluttering filaments, and the obtained fibers have poor physical properties, and the yarns are interrupted during the weaving process, and the production practicability is poor. Further, many inorganic particles on the surface of the fiber are likely to damage the device by rubbing with a yarn guide or the like at the time of spinning.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种高防透芯鞘复合纤维，该纤维为芯鞘复合断面形态，芯成分中含有高浓度的无机粒子，鞘成分中的无机粒子为低浓度，所得到的纤维具有良好的纺丝加工性能的同时，具有优异的防透、抗紫外、遮热性能。将本发明的高防透性能的芯鞘复合纤维进行编织加工，得到具有良好防透、抗紫外、遮热性能的织物。

Description

一种高防透芯鞘复合纤维及织物 技术领域
本发明涉及一种高防透芯鞘复合聚酯纤维和使用该纤维的织物，具体的，涉及一种芯成分中含有高含量无机粒子的高防透、抗紫外芯鞘复合聚酯纤维。
背景技术
视觉遮蔽性是纺织品的一项重要性能，在服用领域，它关系到最基本的遮羞蔽体功能；在装饰和军事领域，它涉及到单向透视、伪装等特殊的视觉要求。另外，随着世界范围内氟利昂的大量使用及环境污染的日益严重，导致大气中臭氧层严重破坏。长期接受紫外线照射，会降低有机分子寿命，使人体免疫功能下降，不仅损害皮肤引起皮炎、红斑、雀斑和皮肤癌，而且会促进眼疾，引起白内障疾病。另外，特别是夏季天气炎热，具有一定的遮热性能的服饰成为消费者的追求。
因此，集高防透、抗紫外线、遮热性能于一体的纤维编织物是人们一项日益增长的需求。
中国专利CN201510289564.6公开了一种橘瓣防透视纤维。该纤维采用TiO 2微粒达到防透效果，不透明度可达99％～100％。但是该纤维TiO 2微粒存在于纤维断面的扇形部位，有一部分裸露在纤维表面，后加工会导致TiO 2微粒脱落，影响加工性以及污染加工设备。并且，该纤维中TiO 2微粒分布不均匀，TiO 2微粒是一种白色微粒，对纤维染色会产生影响，纤维中TiO 2微粒分布不均匀会使织物染色后产生斑纹，影响品质。因此该纤维使用受到局限。
含有高浓度TiO 2的圆断面纤维，纺丝和后加工时由于大量无机粒子裸露，丝的工程通过性不良，并且TiO 2粒子脱落容易污染设备，直接纺丝出现困难。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种同时具有高防透、抗紫外线、遮热性能良好的芯鞘复合纤维以及由其形成的织物。
本发明的技术解决方案是：
一种高防透芯鞘复合纤维，该芯鞘复合纤维的横截断面上芯成分和鞘成分的比率为50～95：50～5；所述芯成分中含有占芯成分5.0～30.0wt％的无机粒子A；所述鞘 成分中含有占鞘成分3.0wt％以下的无机粒子B。
所述芯成分中无机粒子A的平均粒径优选1.50μm以下。
所述无机粒子A和无机粒子B同时优选为二氧化钛。
所述无机粒子A优选金红石型二氧化钛。
构成所述芯成分的聚合物的粘度IV 芯和构成所述鞘成分的聚合物的粘度IV 鞘的关系优选如式1所示，
IV 芯-IV 鞘＝-0.3dl/g～0.5dl/g     式1；
更优选如式2所示，
IV 芯-IV 鞘＝-0.2dl/g～0.3dl/g     式2。
所述芯成分中优选含有占芯成分7.0～25.0wt％的无机粒子A；所述鞘成分中优选含有占鞘成分1.0～3.0wt％的无机粒子B。
所述芯成分中无机粒子A的平均粒径优选1.00μm以下。
本发明还公开了一种织物，由上述高防透芯鞘复合纤维制备得到。
所述织物中无机粒子A和无机粒子B的总和优选占织物的4.0～25.0wt％；所述无机粒子A和无机粒子B均优选二氧化钛，且所述无机粒子A优选金红石型二氧化钛。
本发明公开的芯鞘复合纤维的芯成分中含有高含量无机粒子，该芯鞘复合纤维及由其形成的织物具有高防透、抗紫外线、遮热的特性。
具体实施方式
本发明所述芯鞘复合纤维的横截断面上芯成分和鞘成分的比率为50～95：50～5，其中，芯成分中含有占芯成分5.0～30.0wt％的无机粒子A，鞘成分中含有占鞘成分3.0wt％以下的无机粒子B。
所述芯鞘复合纤维中芯成分和鞘成分的比率为50～95：50～5。如果芯鞘复合纤维中芯成分和鞘成分的比率小于50：50的话，由于纤维的防透、抗紫外、遮热性大都体现在高无机粒子含量的芯成分上，芯成分含量过低则不能体现出应有的防透、抗紫外、遮热性能；如果芯成分和鞘成分的比率大于95～5的话，则通常的复合纺丝会比较困难，同时鞘成分厚度不足以完全包覆住芯成分，会导致大量的无机粒子裸露，高速纺丝时损伤纺丝设备，另外裸露的无机粒子容易脱落，从而影响芯鞘复合纤维的防透、抗紫外、遮热性能。
所述芯成分中无机粒子A的含量为占芯成分总重量的5.0～30.0wt％。芯成分中无机粒子A含量高于30.0wt％时，影响纺丝性能，在纺丝过程中易发生断丝、飘丝现象，而且所得芯鞘复合纤维的强度差，影响其后续使用；芯成分中无机粒子A含量低于5.0wt％时，虽然纺丝性能、芯鞘复合纤维物性方面没有问题，但是少量的无机粒子不利于光线的反射和吸收，芯鞘复合纤维的防透性、抗紫外性、遮热性能会大幅下降，达不到所需要的水平。因此，综合考虑芯鞘复合纤维防透性、抗紫外性、遮热性能以及生产可行性，本发明所述芯成分中无机粒子A的含量优选占芯成分总重量的7.0～25.0wt％。
所述芯成分中无机粒子A的平均粒径优选1.50μm以下。无机粒子A的平均粒径太大时，在纺丝过程中无机粒子A容易堵塞纺丝组件中的过滤网，导致组件压力快速上升，短时间内超过组件可使用的压力上限，必须停机，影响生产性；同时，纺丝过程中断丝、飘丝增多，影响纺丝操业性及纤维的基本物性。无机粒子A的平均粒径太小的话，芯成分中的无机粒子A发生二次团聚的可能性大，影响纺丝组件的使用寿命。因此，本发明优选无机粒子A的平均粒径在1.50μm以下，更优选1.00μm以下。
所述鞘成分中可以含有无机粒子B也可以不含有无机粒子B，在含有无机粒子B的情况下，其含量占鞘成分总重量的3.0wt％以下。鞘成分中无机粒子B的含量高于3.0wt％的话，由于表面无机粒子B露出导致无机粒子B脱落的可能增大，另外无机粒子B通常具有较大的硬度，纺丝过程与纺丝机的导丝器等摩擦，极易损伤这些部件。从提高聚合纤维的防透性考虑，本发明优选鞘成分中无机粒子B的含量占鞘成分重量的1.0～3.0wt％。
所述无机粒子A和无机粒子B可以是二氧化钛、碳酸钙、硫酸钡、氧化锌、二氧化硅、氮化硼等。其中优选二氧化钛、碳酸钙、硫酸钡、氧化锌。无机粒子A和无机粒子B可以是两种不同的化合物，也可以是同种化合物。为了获得更高防透性和抗紫外性的芯鞘复合纤维，本发明中优选无机粒子A和无机粒子B优选同时为二氧化钛。
根据结晶形态不同，二氧化钛分为锐钛型二氧化钛和金红石型二氧化钛。通常使用的锐钛型二氧化钛的结晶构造不稳定，易生成自由基，自由基积蓄到一定的量时，影响聚合物的耐光坚牢度。所以纤维中大量含有锐钛型二氧化钛时，纤维的耐光性能会变差。为了使纤维获得更加优良的耐光坚牢度，本发明的无机粒子A优选使用金红 石型二氧化钛。
本发明对构成芯成分的聚合物没有特别的限定，包括各种热塑性聚合物。可以是聚酯类聚合物或聚酰胺类聚合物，也可以是聚烯烃类聚合物。具体的，所述聚酯类聚合物可以是聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯等均聚物，也可以是它们的共聚物；所述聚酰胺类聚合物可以是聚酰胺6、阳离子染料可染聚酰胺6、聚酰胺66等；所述聚烯烃类聚合物可以是聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚丁二烯等。
本发明对构成鞘成分的聚合物没有特别的限定，包括各种热塑性聚合物。根据聚合物原料的不同，鞘成分可以是聚酯类聚合物或聚酰胺类聚合物，也可以是聚烯烃类聚合物。具体的，所述聚酯类聚合物可以是聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯等均聚物，也可以是它们的共聚物；根据功能的不同，所述聚酯类聚合物可以是分散染料可染聚酯、阳离子染料可染聚酯、易溶出聚酯、导电聚酯、抗静电聚酯、吸湿聚酯、低摩擦聚酯等；所述聚酰胺类聚合物可以是聚酰胺6、阳离子染料可染聚酰胺6、聚酰胺66等；所述聚烯烃类聚合物可以是聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚丁二烯等。根据鞘成分中无机粒子B含量的不同，鞘成分可以是大有光聚合物、半消光聚合物、全消光聚合物，如大有光聚酯、半消光聚酯、全消光聚酯等。本发明中优选构成鞘成分的聚合物为无机粒子B含量1.0～3.0wt％的全消光聚酯、阳离子可染聚酯。
本发明对纤维的形态没有特别的限定，可以是长纤维，也可以是短纤维。
在优选的技术方案中，本发明对所述构成芯成分的聚合物和构成鞘成分的聚合物的粘度进行了限定。所述芯成分的聚合物的粘度IV 芯和构成所述鞘成分的聚合物的粘度IV 鞘的关系优选如式1所示，
IV 芯-IV 鞘＝-0.3dl/g～0.5dl/g     式1，
更优选如式2所示，
IV 芯-IV 鞘＝-0.2dl/g～0.3dl/g     式2。
当IV 芯-IV 鞘的值太大，即构成芯成分的聚合物的粘度IV 芯太高时，在通常衣料用熔融纺丝条件下，芯成分的流动性很差，无法正常纺丝；当IV 芯-IV 鞘的值太小，即构成芯成分的聚合物的粘度IV 芯远低于构成鞘成分的聚合物的粘度IV 鞘时，导致在纺丝 过程中，纺丝应力向鞘成分集中，影响了芯成分聚合物的取向，导致所得纤维的物性变差。为了得到与通常纤维物性基本相当的纤维，本发明优选IV 芯-IV 鞘＝-0.3dl/g～0.5dl/g，更优选IV 芯-IV 鞘＝-0.2dl/g～0.3dl/g。
本发明所述的芯鞘复合纤维，暴露在外的鞘成分包覆住含有高浓度无机粒子A的芯成分，纺丝时避免无机粒子A与给油嘴、纺丝机各导丝器、罗拉等直接接触，减少摩擦阻力，保证丝条良好的工程通过性，并且避免无机粒子A直接接触纺丝机各部件导致脱落，污染给油嘴、导丝器以及罗拉，降低对芯鞘复合纤维的防透、抗紫外、遮热性能的影响，同时也可以降低后加工过程的断丝率。
本发明的芯鞘复合纤维可以用于制备高防透、抗紫外、遮热织物。在织物中可以部分使用或者全部使用本发明的芯鞘复合纤维。部分使用本发明的芯鞘复合纤维时，其他纤维可以是普通聚酯纤维、聚酰胺纤维、聚烯烃纤维、聚氨酯纤维等。织物中无机粒子A和无机粒子B的总含量优选4.0～25.0wt％，所述无机粒子A和无机粒子B优选二氧化钛，其中无机粒子A最优选为金红石型二氧化钛。
利用本发明的芯鞘复合聚酯纤维制成的织物具有高防透、抗紫外、遮热的效果。
本发明中涉及的各参数的测试方法如下：
(1)光线透过率(防透性能)
使用色调仪分别测试白板、黑板L值：L(白)、L(黑)。取织物样布(10×10cm)，分别衬着白板、黑板测试L值：L(白+布)、L(黑+布)，
光线透过率：(1-(L(白+布)-L(黑+布))/(L(白)-L(黑))×100％。
(2)UVA、UPF(抗紫外性能)
抗紫外线参数UVA、UPF根据标准GB/T 6529评价。
(3)织物中无机粒子含量
取该纤维织物4g左右，熔融制样，通过X射线荧光光谱仪(生产商：Rigaku，型号：ZSX PrimusⅢ+)测定其中金属元素的含量，然后通过分子式推算出芯成分中无机粒子含量。
(4)芯成分和鞘成分中无机粒子含量
通过断面照片确定纤维的复合比率，然后使用碱溶液进行溶出处理，通过减量率来确认鞘成分的溶出完全与否，鞘成分完全溶出后，利用X线荧光光谱仪(生产商： Rigaku，型号：ZSX PrimusⅢ+)测定芯成分中金属元素的含量，然后通过分子式推算出芯成分中无机粒子含量；最将测得的织物中无机粒子总含量减去芯成分中无机粒子含量，即得到鞘成分中无机粒子的含量。
(5)纤维中芯成分和鞘成分的断面比率
通过SEM拍摄该复合纤维断面，将断面照片打印在纸上，通过面积仪求出芯成分断面面积S 1，鞘成分断面面积S 2，芯成分比例＝S 1/(S 1+S 2)。
(6)无机粒子平均粒径
通过SEM拍摄出纤维横截面照片，打印出来后，在芯成分中选取10个微粒，分别测量通过微粒中心的直径，最终结果取10组数据的平均值。
(7)纤维的强伸度积
根据标准GB/T14344-2008分别测试纤维的强度和伸度，利用如下公式计算纤维的强伸度积：
强伸度积＝强度×(伸度) 1/2，
纤维的强伸度积的数值大于18判断为◎，纤维的强伸度积的数值为15～18判断为○，纤维的强伸度积的数值为13～15(不包括15)判断为△。
(8)聚合物粘度(IV)
称取0.8g聚合物用10g邻氯苯酚进行溶解，保证溶液在25℃，使用自动粘度计测试溶液流下的时间t，根据如下公式进行计算：
IV＝t×β×F ch1～3+γ
F＝(IVs-γ)/(Ts×β)
F:CH系数(0.001～1.000)
Ts：标准试料的流下秒数
IVs：标准试料的固有粘度
β：0.001～1.000(变数)
γ：0.001～1.000(变数)。
(9)耐光坚牢度
根据标准JIS L0842进行测试耐光照射20小时测试，照射处理之后的样品与未照射的对比样进行比较，根据标准对比灰卡进行判断，来测定耐光坚牢度级别。○为耐光坚牢度为4级及以上，△为3级。
(10)金红石二氧化钛
所得纤维通过熔融制得薄膜，使用X射线衍射装置进行测试结晶峰位置，同时测试通常金红石二氧化钛的结晶峰位置，通过两者所得的结晶峰位置的比较来判断二氧化钛的晶型。
下面结合实施例，对本发明进行详细说明。
实施例1
将80重量份含有5.0wt％平均粒径为0.60微米的金红石型TiO 2粒子的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)(芯成分)和20重量份含有2.5wt％TiO 2粒子的全消光聚酯(鞘成分)分别预结晶、干燥至50ppm以下，分别投入纺丝A、B料仓进行纺丝、假捻制得高防透性能的长纤维。其中芯成分与鞘成分的粘度IV差为0。将所得纤维制成筒编物，所得筒编物的防透性能为90.0％，具有抗紫外性能，耐光坚牢度合格。
实施例2
将80重量份含有10.0wt％平均粒径为0.60微米的金红石型TiO 2粒子的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)(芯成分)和20重量份含有2.5wt％TiO 2粒子的全消光聚酯(鞘成分)分别预结晶、干燥至50ppm以下，分别投入纺丝A、B料仓进行纺丝、假捻制得高防透性能的长纤维。其中芯成分与鞘成分的粘度IV差为0。将所得纤维制成筒编物，所得筒编物的防透性能为92.6％，具有抗紫外性能，耐光坚牢度合格。
实施例3
将80重量份含有15.0wt％平均粒径为0.60微米的金红石型TiO 2粒子的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)(芯成分)和20重量份含有2.5wt％TiO 2粒子的全消光聚酯(鞘成分)分别预结晶、干燥至50ppm以下，分别投入纺丝A、B料仓进行纺丝、假捻制得高防透性能的长纤维。其中芯成分与鞘成分的粘度IV差为0。将所得纤维制成筒编物，所得筒编物的防透性能为93.8％，具有抗紫外性能，耐光坚牢度合格。
实施例4
将80重量份含有20.0wt％平均粒径为0.60微米的金红石型TiO 2粒子的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)(芯成分)和20重量份含有2.5wt％TiO 2粒子的全消光聚酯(鞘成分)分别预结晶、干燥至50ppm以下，分别投入纺丝A、B料仓进行纺丝、假捻制 得高防透性能的长纤维。其中芯成分与鞘成分的粘度IV差为0。将所得纤维制成筒编物，所得筒编物的防透性能为94.6％，具有抗紫外性能，耐光坚牢度合格。
实施例5
将80重量份含有25.0wt％平均粒径为0.60微米的金红石型TiO 2粒子的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)(芯成分)和20重量份含有2.5wt％TiO 2粒子的全消光聚酯(鞘成分)分别预结晶、干燥至50ppm以下，分别投入纺丝A、B料仓进行纺丝、假捻制得高防透性能的长纤维。其中芯成分与鞘成分的粘度IV差为0。将所得纤维制成筒编物，所得筒编物的防透性能为95.6％，具有抗紫外性能，耐光坚牢度合格。
实施例6
将80重量份含有30.0wt％平均粒径为0.60微米的金红石型TiO 2粒子的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)(芯成分)和20重量份含有2.5wt％TiO 2粒子的全消光聚酯(鞘成分)分别预结晶、干燥至50ppm以下，分别投入纺丝A、B料仓进行纺丝、假捻制得高防透性能的长纤维。其中芯成分与鞘成分的粘度IV差为0。将所得纤维制成筒编物，所得筒编物的防透性能为95.9％，具有抗紫外性能，耐光坚牢度合格。
实施例7
将80重量份含有15.0wt％平均粒径为0.30微米的金红石型TiO 2粒子的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)(芯成分)和20重量份含有2.5wt％TiO 2粒子的全消光聚酯(鞘成分)分别预结晶、干燥至50ppm以下，分别投入纺丝A、B料仓进行纺丝、假捻制得高防透性能的长纤维。其中芯成分与鞘成分的粘度IV差为0。将所得纤维制成筒编物，所得筒编物的防透性能为94.5％，具有抗紫外性能，耐光坚牢度合格。
实施例8
将80重量份含有15.0wt％平均粒径为1.00微米的金红石型TiO 2粒子的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)(芯成分)和20重量份含有2.5wt％TiO 2粒子的全消光聚酯(鞘成分)分别预结晶、干燥至50ppm以下，分别投入纺丝A、B料仓进行纺丝、假捻制得高防透性能的长纤维。其中芯成分与鞘成分的粘度IV差为0。将所得纤维制成筒编物，所得筒编物的防透性能为93.6％，具有抗紫外性能，耐光坚牢度合格。
实施例9
将80重量份含有15.0wt％平均粒径为1.45微米的金红石型TiO 2粒子的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)(芯成分)和20重量份含有2.5wt％TiO 2粒子的全消光聚酯(鞘成分)分别预结晶、干燥至50ppm以下，分别投入纺丝A、B料仓进行纺丝、假捻制得高防透性能的长纤维。其中芯成分与鞘成分的粘度IV差为0。将所得纤维制成筒编物，所得筒编物的防透性能为93.3％，具有抗紫外性能，耐光坚牢度合格。
实施例10
将80重量份含有15.0wt％平均粒径为0.60微米的金红石型TiO 2粒子的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)(芯成分)和20重量份不含无机粒子的大有光聚酯(鞘成分)分别预结晶、干燥至50ppm以下，分别投入纺丝A、B料仓进行纺丝、假捻制得高防透性能的长纤维。其中芯成分与鞘成分的粘度IV差为0。将所得纤维制成筒编物，所得筒编物的防透性能为93.0％，具有抗紫外性能，耐光坚牢度合格。
实施例11
将80重量份含有15.0wt％平均粒径为0.60微米的金红石型TiO 2粒子的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)(芯成分)和20重量份含有0.3wt％TiO 2粒子的半消光聚酯(鞘成分)分别预结晶、干燥至50ppm以下，分别投入纺丝A、B料仓进行纺丝、假捻制得高防透性能的长纤维。其中芯成分与鞘成分的粘度IV差为0。将所得纤维制成筒编物，所得筒编物的防透性能为93.2％，具有抗紫外性能，耐光坚牢度合格。
实施例12
将80重量份含有15.0wt％平均粒径为0.60微米的锐钛型TiO 2粒子的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)(芯成分)和20重量份含有2.5wt％TiO 2粒子的全消光聚酯(鞘成分)分别预结晶、干燥至50ppm以下，分别投入纺丝A、B料仓进行纺丝、假捻制得高防透性能的长纤维。其中芯成分与鞘成分的粘度IV差为0。将所得纤维制成筒编物，所得筒编物的防透性能为93.1％，具有抗紫外性能，耐光坚牢度合格。
实施例13
将80重量份含有5.0wt％平均粒径为0.60微米的锐钛型TiO 2粒子的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)(芯成分)和20重量份含有2.5wt％TiO 2粒子的全消光聚酯(鞘成分)分别预结晶、干燥至50ppm以下，分别投入纺丝A、B料仓进行纺丝、假捻制得高防 透性能的长纤维。其中芯成分与鞘成分的粘度IV差为0。将所得纤维制成筒编物，所得筒编物的防透性能为90.2％，具有抗紫外性能，耐光坚牢度合格。
实施例14
将50重量份含有15.0wt％平均粒径为0.60微米的金红石型TiO 2粒子的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)(芯成分)和50重量份含有2.5wt％TiO 2粒子的全消光聚酯(鞘成分)分别预结晶、干燥至50ppm以下，分别投入纺丝A、B料仓进行纺丝、假捻制得高防透性能的长纤维。其中芯成分与鞘成分的粘度IV差为0。将所得纤维制成筒编物，所得筒编物的防透性能为90.1％，具有抗紫外性能，耐光坚牢度合格。
实施例15
将70重量份含有15.0wt％平均粒径为0.60微米的金红石型TiO 2粒子的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)(芯成分)和30重量份含有2.5wt％TiO 2粒子的全消光聚酯(鞘成分)分别预结晶、干燥至50ppm以下，分别投入纺丝A、B料仓进行纺丝、假捻制得高防透性能的长纤维。其中芯成分与鞘成分的粘度IV差为0。将所得纤维制成筒编物，所得筒编物的防透性能为92.3％，具有抗紫外性能，耐光坚牢度合格。
实施例16
将95重量份含有15.0wt％平均粒径为0.60微米的金红石型TiO 2粒子的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)(芯成分)和5重量份含有2.5wt％TiO 2粒子的全消光聚酯(鞘成分)分别预结晶、干燥至50ppm以下，分别投入纺丝A、B料仓进行纺丝、假捻制得高防透性能的长纤维。其中芯成分与鞘成分的粘度IV差为0。将所得纤维制成筒编物，所得筒编物的防透性能为96.2％，具有抗紫外性能，耐光坚牢度合格。
实施例17
将80重量份含有15.0wt％平均粒径为0.60微米的BaSO 4粒子的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)(芯成分)和20重量份不含无机粒子的聚酯(鞘成分)分别预结晶、干燥至50ppm以下，分别投入纺丝A、B料仓进行纺丝、假捻制得高防透性能的长纤维。其中芯成分与鞘成分的粘度IV差为0。将所得纤维制成筒编物，所得筒编物的防透性能为93.0％，具有抗紫外性能，耐光坚牢度合格。
实施例18
将80重量份含有7.0wt％平均粒径为0.60微米的金红石型TiO 2粒子的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)(芯成分)和20重量份含有0.3wt％TiO 2粒子的半消光聚酯(鞘成分)分别预结晶、干燥至50ppm以下，分别投入纺丝A、B料仓进行纺丝、假捻制得高防透性能的长纤维。其中芯成分与鞘成分的粘度IV差为0。将所得纤维制成筒编物，所得筒编物的防透性能为91.5％，具有抗紫外性能，耐光坚牢度合格。
实施例19
将80重量份含有15.0wt％平均粒径为0.60微米的金红石型TiO 2粒子和BaSO 4粒子的混合物的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)(芯成分)和20重量份含有2.5wt％TiO 2v的全消光聚酯(鞘成分)分别预结晶、干燥至50ppm以下，分别投入纺丝A、B料仓进行纺丝、假捻制得高防透性能的长纤维。其中芯成分与鞘成分的粘度IV差为0。将所得纤维制成筒编物，所得筒编物的防透性能为92.9％，具有抗紫外性能，耐光坚牢度合格。
实施例20
将80重量份含有15.0wt％平均粒径为0.60微米的金红石型TiO 2粒子的聚己内酰胺(N6)(芯成分)和20重量份含有2.5wt％TiO 2粒子的聚己内酰胺(N6)(鞘成分)分别预结晶、干燥，分别投入纺丝A、B料仓进行纺丝制得高防透性能的长纤维。其中芯成分与鞘成分的粘度IV差为0。将所得纤维制成筒编物，所得筒编物的防透性能为93.5％，具有抗紫外性能，耐光坚牢度合格。
实施例21
将80重量份含有15.0wt％平均粒径为0.60微米的金红石型TiO 2粒子的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)(芯成分)和20重量份含有2.5wt％TiO 2粒子的全消光聚酯(鞘成分)分别预结晶、干燥至50ppm以下，分别投入纺丝A、B料仓进行纺丝、假捻制得高防透性能的长纤维。其中芯成分与鞘成分的粘度IV差为0。将所得纤维与普通聚酯纤维以30：70的比例进行交织制得针织物，所得针织物的防透性能为85.1％，具有抗紫外性能。虽然最终织物中无机粒子的含量仅为3.8wt％，但是由于成品的组织密度大，其光透过率和抗紫外性能均能达到要求，耐光坚牢度合格。
实施例22
将80重量份含有15.0wt％平均粒径为0.60微米的CaCO 3粒子的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)(芯成分)和20重量份不含无机粒子的聚酯(鞘成分)分别预结晶、干燥至50ppm以下，分别投入纺丝A、B料仓进行纺丝、假捻制得高防透性能的长纤维。其中芯成分与鞘成分的粘度IV差为0。将所得纤维制成筒编物，所得筒编物的防透性能为91.0％，具有抗紫外性能，耐光坚牢度合格。
实施例23
将80重量份含有15.0wt％平均粒径为0.60微米的ZnO的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)(芯成分)和20重量份不含无机粒子的聚酯(鞘成分)分别预结晶、干燥至50ppm以下，分别投入纺丝A、B料仓进行纺丝、假捻制得高防透性能的长纤维。其中芯成分与鞘成分的粘度IV差为0。将所得纤维制成筒编物，所得筒编物的防透性能为91.3％，具有抗紫外性能，耐光坚牢度合格。
实施例24
将80重量份含有15.0wt％平均粒径为0.60微米的金红石型TiO 2粒子的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)(芯成分)和20重量份含有2.5wt％TiO 2粒子的全消光聚酯(鞘成分)分别预结晶、干燥至50ppm以下，分别投入纺丝A、B料仓进行纺丝、假捻制得高防透性能的长纤维。其中芯成分与鞘成分的粘度差IV 芯-IV 鞘为-0.3dl/g。将所得纤维制成筒编物，所得筒编物的防透性能为93.3％，具有抗紫外性能，耐光坚牢度合格。
实施例25
将80重量份含有15.0wt％平均粒径为0.60微米的金红石型TiO 2粒子的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)(芯成分)和20重量份含有2.5wt％TiO 2粒子的全消光聚酯(鞘成分)分别预结晶、干燥至50ppm以下，分别投入纺丝A、B料仓进行纺丝、假捻制得高防透性能的长纤维。其中芯成分与鞘成分的粘度差IV 芯-IV 鞘为-0.2dl/g。将所得纤维制成筒编物，所得筒编物的防透性能为93.2％，具有抗紫外性能，耐光坚牢度合格。
实施例26
将80重量份含有15.0wt％平均粒径为0.60微米的金红石型TiO 2粒子的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)(芯成分)和20重量份含有2.5wt％TiO 2粒子的全消光聚酯(鞘 成分)分别预结晶、干燥至50ppm以下，分别投入纺丝A、B料仓进行纺丝、假捻制得高防透性能的长纤维。其中芯成分与鞘成分的粘度差IV 芯-IV 鞘为0.3dl/g。将所得纤维制成筒编物，所得筒编物的防透性能为93.7％，具有抗紫外性能，耐光坚牢度合格。
实施例27
将80重量份含有15.0wt％平均粒径为0.60微米的金红石型TiO 2粒子的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)(芯成分)和20重量份含有2.5wt％TiO 2粒子的全消光聚酯(鞘成分)分别预结晶、干燥至50ppm以下，分别投入纺丝A、B料仓进行纺丝、假捻制得高防透性能的长纤维。其中芯成分与鞘成分的粘度差IV 芯-IV 鞘为0.5dl/g。将所得纤维制成筒编物，所得筒编物的防透性能为93.5％，具有抗紫外性能，耐光坚牢度合格。
实施例28
将80重量份含有15.0wt％平均粒径为0.60微米的金红石型TiO 2粒子的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)(芯成分)和20重量份含有0.1wt％TiO 2粒子的阳离子染料可染聚酯(鞘成分)分别预结晶、干燥至50ppm以下，分别投入纺丝A、B料仓进行纺丝、假捻制得高防透性能的长纤维。将所得纤维制成筒编物，所得筒编物的防透性能为93.1％，具有抗紫外性能。
实施例29
将80重量份含有15.0wt％平均粒径为1.00微米的金红石型TiO 2粒子的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)(芯成分)和20重量份不含无机粒子的易溶出型聚酯(鞘成分)分别预结晶、干燥至50ppm以下，分别投入纺丝A、B料仓进行纺丝、假捻制得高防透性能的长纤维。将所得纤维制成筒编物后在浓度为2％、浴比为50、温度为98℃的NaOH溶液中减量25分钟，筒编物减量率为20.4％，减量后所得筒编物的防透性能为95.8％，具有抗紫外性能。
用SEM观测减量后的筒编物，可以看到纤维表面有明显的不规则状粒状物，该粒状物就是TiO 2粒子。同时还可以看到纤维表面存在形状不规则的微孔，这些微孔是减量过程中部分TiO 2粒子脱落导致的。
实施例30
将80重量份含有15.0wt％平均粒径为0.60微米的金红石型TiO 2粒子的聚丙烯(PP)(芯成分)和20重量份含有2.5wt％TiO 2粒子的聚丙烯(PP)分别投入纺丝A、B料仓进行纺丝、假捻制得高防透性能的长纤维。其中芯成分与鞘成分的粘度差IV 芯-IV 鞘为0dl/g。将所得纤维制成筒编物，所得筒编物的防透性能为93.3％，具有抗紫外性能，耐光坚牢度合格。
比较例1
将80重量份含有2.5wt％平均粒径为0.60微米的金红石型TiO 2粒子的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)(芯成分)和20重量份含有2.5wt％TiO 2粒子的全消光聚酯(鞘成分)分别预结晶、干燥至50ppm以下，分别投入纺丝A、B料仓进行纺丝、假捻制得长纤维。其中芯成分与鞘成分的粘度IV差为0。将所得纤维制成筒编物，所得筒编物的防透性能为70.1％。由于芯成分中无机粒子A的含量低于5wt％，所得纤维以及织物的防透性能查，且不具有抗紫外性能，耐光坚牢度合格。
比较例2
将80重量份含有35.0wt％平均粒径为0.60微米的金红石型TiO 2粒子的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)(芯成分)和20重量份含有2.5wt％TiO 2粒子的全消光聚酯(鞘成分)分别预结晶、干燥至50ppm以下，分别投入纺丝A、B料仓进行纺丝、假捻制得长纤维。其中芯成分与鞘成分的粘度IV差为0。由于芯成分中无机粒子A的含量高于30wt％，纺丝工程中断丝、飘丝多发，所得纤维的物性差，在编织过程中断丝多发，不具有生产实用性。
比较例3
将45重量份含有30.0wt％平均粒径为0.60微米的金红石型TiO 2粒子的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)(芯成分)和55重量份含有2.5wt％TiO 2粒子的全消光聚酯(鞘成分)分别预结晶、干燥至50ppm以下，分别投入纺丝A、B料仓进行纺丝、假捻制得长纤维。其中芯成分与鞘成分的粘度IV差为0。由于无机粒子含量少的鞘成分的比例太高，将所得纤维制成筒编物后所得筒编物的防透性能为73.1％，不具有抗紫外性能，耐光坚牢度合格。
比较例4
将含有29wt％平均粒径为0.60微米的金红石型TiO 2粒子的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)预结晶、干燥至50ppm以下，投入纺丝料仓进行纺丝、假捻制得长纤维。由于没有鞘成分可以包裹住高含量无机粒子的芯成分，纺丝工程中断丝、飘丝多发，所得纤维的物性差，在编织过程中断丝多发，不具有生产实用性。另外纤维表面的无机粒子在纺丝时与导丝器等摩擦容易损伤设备。
比较例5
将80重量份含有15wt％平均粒径为2.00微米的金红石型TiO 2粒子的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)(芯成分)和20重量份含有2.5wt％TiO 2粒子的全消光聚酯(鞘成分)分别预结晶、干燥至50ppm以下，分别投入纺丝A、B料仓进行纺丝、假捻制得长纤维。其中芯成分与鞘成分的粘度IV差为0。由于芯成分中无机粒子B的平均粒径过大，纺丝过程纺丝组件极易被无机粒子堵塞，影响纺丝性。
比较例6
将80重量份含有15.0wt％平均粒径为0.60微米的金红石型TiO 2粒子的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)(芯成分)和20重量份含有4.0wt％TiO 2粒子的全消光聚酯(鞘成分)分别预结晶、干燥至50ppm以下，分别投入纺丝A、B料仓进行纺丝、假捻制得高防透性能的长纤维。其中芯成分与鞘成分的粘度差IV 芯-IV 鞘为0。将所得纤维制成筒编物，所得筒编物的防透性能为93.7％，具有抗紫外性能，耐光坚牢度合格。但是由于鞘成分中TiO 2粒子成分太高，纺丝工程中断丝、飘丝较多，所得纤维的物性差，在编织过程中断丝较多，生产实用性差。另外纤维表面的无机粒子较多在纺丝时与导丝器等摩擦容易损伤设备。
Figure PCTCN2018114782-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2018114782-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2018114782-appb-000003

Claims (14)

  1. 一种高防透芯鞘复合纤维，其特征在于：该芯鞘复合纤维的横截断面上芯成分和鞘成分的比率为50～95：50～5；所述芯成分中含有占芯成分5.0～30.0wt％的无机粒子A；所述鞘成分中含有占鞘成分3.0wt％以下的无机粒子B。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的高防透芯鞘复合纤维，其特征在于：所述芯成分中无机粒子A的平均粒径在1.50μm以下。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的高防透芯鞘复合纤维，其特征在于：所述无机粒子A和无机粒子B分别为二氧化钛、碳酸钙、硫酸钡、氧化锌中的一种或几种。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的高防透芯鞘复合纤维，其特征在于：所述无机粒子A和无机粒子B为二氧化钛。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的高防透芯鞘复合纤维，其特征在于：所述无机粒子A为金红石型二氧化钛。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2所述的高防透芯鞘复合纤维，其特征在于：构成所述芯成分的聚合物的粘度IV 芯和构成所述鞘成分的聚合物的粘度IV 鞘的关系如式1所示，
    IV 芯-IV 鞘＝-0.3dl/g～0.5dl/g    式1。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的高防透芯鞘复合纤维，其特征在于：构成所述芯成分的聚合物的粘度IV 芯和构成所述鞘成分的聚合物的粘度IV 鞘的关系如式2所示，
    IV 芯-IV 鞘＝-0.2dl/g～0.3dl/g    式2。
  8. 根据权利要求1或2所述的高防透芯鞘复合纤维，其特征在于：所述芯成分中含有占芯成分7.0～25.0wt％的无机粒子A。
  9. 根据权利要求1或2所述的高防透芯鞘复合纤维，其特征在于：所述鞘成分中含有占鞘成分1.0～3.0wt％的无机粒子B。
  10. 根据权利要求1或2所述的高防透芯鞘复合纤维，其特征在于：所述芯成分中无机粒子A的平均粒径为1.00μm以下。
  11. 根据权利要求1或2所述的高防透芯鞘复合纤维，其特征在于：所述鞘成分为易溶出聚酯或阳离子可染聚酯。
  12. 一种织物，由权利要求1所述高防透芯鞘复合纤维制备得到。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的织物，其特征在于：所述织物中无机粒子A和无机粒子B的总和占织物的4.0～25.0wt％。
  14. 根据权利要求12或13所述的织物，其特征在于：所述无机粒子A和无机粒子B均为二氧化钛，且所述无机粒子A为金红石型二氧化钛。
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