WO2019088207A1 - 重ね接合構造 - Google Patents
重ね接合構造 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2019088207A1 WO2019088207A1 PCT/JP2018/040600 JP2018040600W WO2019088207A1 WO 2019088207 A1 WO2019088207 A1 WO 2019088207A1 JP 2018040600 W JP2018040600 W JP 2018040600W WO 2019088207 A1 WO2019088207 A1 WO 2019088207A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- lap joint
- hole
- overlapping
- plate
- plate member
- Prior art date
Links
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Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D27/00—Connections between superstructure or understructure sub-units
- B62D27/02—Connections between superstructure or understructure sub-units rigid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
- B62D21/09—Means for mounting load bearing surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
- F16B5/02—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of fastening members using screw-thread
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
- F16B5/04—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of riveting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
- F16B5/08—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of welds or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/006—Vehicles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a lap joint structure in which a plurality of plate members cut out from a plate or plate members formed of a plate are stacked, and the overlapping portion is joined by a plurality of non-melting joints.
- spot welding is often used for assembling a vehicle body or attaching parts, and welding of a plurality of steel plate members including a high strength steel plate is also performed by spot welding.
- a spot welded joint that includes a steel plate with a tensile strength of 780 MPa or more
- the toughness of the nugget decreases and the stress in the peeling direction concentrates at the nugget end, so the tensile strength of the steel plate increases.
- the CTS does not increase or decrease.
- One of the techniques for solving this problem is a technique of mechanically joining a plurality of metal plates using a mechanical joining means such as a rivet or a screw without melting the base material.
- a combination of different materials such as a steel plate and an aluminum plate or a steel plate and a carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) plate may be joined for the purpose of weight reduction and the like.
- CFRP carbon fiber reinforced plastic
- fastening and joining are performed by mechanical joining means as described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, for example.
- friction stir spot welding may be used instead of resistance spot welding for an aluminum plate with low electrical resistance.
- the plate member when the overlapping portion formed by overlapping a plurality of plate members is joined by non-melting joining means, the plate member is prevented from breaking from the hole formed at the time of joining. It is an object of the present invention to provide a lap joint structure of lap joint members capable of
- a means for dispersing the strain is examined so that the strain does not concentrate on the end of the hole formed in the joint.
- a notch concave portion is formed in the direction from the end portion of the overlapping portion toward the joint portion between the adjacent joint portions, so that the strain due to the tensile load is dispersed.
- the overlapping portions of a plurality of plate members are joined in a point shape by mechanical joining means or friction stir spot joining means at a plurality of joining portions, and at least one of the plate members is machined In a lap joint structure in which there are holes through which dynamic bonding means are inserted or holes formed at the time of point welding by friction stir spot welding means,
- a notch concave portion is formed in the direction from the end of the overlapping portion to the joint portion between the adjacent joint portions, An inner bottom portion of the notched concave portion is formed at a position deeper by K or more from an end portion of the overlapping portion, where K is an inner diameter of the hole.
- the plate member in which the notched concave portion is formed has a bent portion formed on the opposite side of the end portion of the overlapping portion with the joint portion interposed therebetween, and is a hat-shaped member having a hat-shaped cross section
- the lap joint structure according to any one of the above (1) to (8), wherein the recess and recess are formed in a range closer to the end portion than the bent portion of the hat-shaped member.
- the plate member is a steel plate member, and the notch recess is formed in a steel plate member having a tensile strength of 590 MPa or more.
- the mechanical connecting means is any of a blind rivet, a self-piercing rivet, a drill screw, a bolt, and resistance element welding, according to any one of the above (1) to (10).
- Lap joint structure (12) The lap joint structure according to any one of the above (1) to (11), characterized in that joining by a resin is used in addition to joining by the mechanical joining means or friction stir spot joining means. .
- FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the lap joint member shown in FIG. 2, (A) is a longitudinal sectional view taken along arrow IIIA-IIIA, and (B) is a longitudinal sectional view shown along arrow IIIB-IIIB. It is a photograph which shows the state of the test piece before and behind the tension test for confirming the effect of this invention, (A) shows the case where the test piece which overlapped two same test pieces was used, (B) is the same.
- (C) shows the case where the test piece which overlapped two test pieces and was mechanically joined by the blind rivet was used. It is a load-strain curve which shows the result of the tension test for confirming the effect of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating resistance element welding which is a kind of mechanical joining means. It is a figure for demonstrating the position of the hole of a junction part, (A) shows the case where the end of a plate member in a piled part corresponds, and (B) does not match the end of a plate member (notch) In the case where the end of the plate member forming the recess is located closer to the joint than the other end).
- FIG. 10 (A) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view shown by arrow XA-XA in FIG. 10, (B) is FIG. And a vertical cross-sectional view taken along the arrow XB-XB.
- FIG. 1 It is a figure explaining the example which applied the lap-joining structure of this invention to the roof rail of a motor vehicle,
- (A) is a perspective view which shows a roof rail,
- (B) is the range shown by the dashed-two dotted line B in (A).
- (C) shows the figure which expanded the range shown with the dashed-two dotted line C in (A).
- (A) is a perspective view which shows a bumper
- (B) is the range shown by the dashed-two dotted line B in (A). Is an enlarged view of FIG.
- FIG. 1 It is a figure explaining the example which applied the lap-bonding structure of this invention to B pillar outer reinforcement of a motor vehicle
- (A) is a perspective view which shows B pillar outer reinforcement
- (B) is in (A). It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view shown by arrow XVIB-XVIB
- (C) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view similarly shown by arrow XVIC-XVIC. It is a photograph figure which shows the state of the test piece before and behind the tension test in an Example.
- one plate member is a hat-shaped member and the other plate member is a plate-like member as a lap joint structure.
- the lap joint member 1 includes a plate-like member 10, a hat-shaped member 20, and a plurality of joining portions (joining portions) SP by non-melting joining means.
- the overlapping portion in which the flange portion 11 and the flange portion (flange piece 22) of the hat-shaped member 20 are overlapped is joined by mechanical joining means such as a blind rivet or a friction stir point joining means.
- a notch 22U is formed between the adjacent joint SP and the joint SP from the outer end 22C of the overlapping portion.
- the flange portion includes a plurality of flange pieces 22 and a connection portion 22A for connecting the flange pieces 22.
- a notch 22U is formed between the adjacent flange pieces 22 and 22 so as to form a cutout recess 22U. Is configured.
- the notch 22U is opened at the end 22C of the flange of the hat-shaped member 20, and is formed by connecting the outer periphery of the adjacent joint SP on the opposite side to the end 22C.
- the notch concave portion 22U is a bending start point of the corner R transitioning to the bending portion 22R from the flange portion of the hat-shaped member 20 to the rising wall portion 21 side.
- the other flange end portion 22B is set to form the connecting portion 22A in a range not to be hooked.
- one or both of the plate-like member 10 and the hat-shaped member 20 constituting a flange are cold (a) steel plate (for example, high strength steel plate having a tensile strength of 590 MPa or more).
- the steel plate member press-molded in (b) is made a hot stamp material (for example, a steel plate member having a tensile strength of 1200 MPa or more) in which a martensitic structure is generated by forming the steel plate for hot stamping material by hot stamping.
- one side may be made into an aluminum material, the other may be made into the steel plate of said (a) or (b), or both can also be made into an aluminum material.
- one may be a CFRP material or both may be a CFRP material.
- the notched recess can disperse the load and deformation due to the tensile load (that is, the notched recess can absorb the deformation and increase the elongation to break), so the joining starts from the hole Breaking of the member is suppressed, and the performance of the bonding member can be sufficiently exhibited.
- test pieces (A), (B) and (C) before the tensile test shown in FIG. 4 were prepared.
- test piece (A), (B) and (C) before the tensile test shown in FIG. 4 were prepared.
- the test piece of (A) is a simple stack of two base materials
- the test piece of (B) is a combination of base materials joined by blind rivets at the center left position, and the holes are formed by mechanical bonding.
- the test piece of (C) is provided with a notch on the right side of the blind rivet of the test piece of (B).
- FIG. 4 shows a fractured state of the test piece after the tensile test
- FIG. 5 shows a load-strain curve when each of the test pieces is subjected to a tensile load.
- the test piece (B) not provided with the notched recess was broken centering on the hole of the joint, while the test piece (C) provided with the notched recess was cut.
- the fracture occurs starting from the vicinity of the corner of the notch, and the amount of strain at which fracture occurs due to the tensile load is also remarkable in the test piece (C) with respect to the test piece (B), as shown in FIG. It was confirmed to increase.
- test piece (C) when a tensile load is applied, concentration of strain on the edge of the hole through which the blind rivet passes is suppressed, so the amount of deformation at which the lap joint member breaks increases. is there. It is considered that such a mechanism suppresses the occurrence of breakage with a small strain starting from the edge of the hole provided in the mechanical joint.
- notched recesses are formed between joints by mechanical joining means or friction stir spot joining means.
- the lap joint member according to the present invention has a structure in which a plurality of plate members are overlapped and the plate members are mechanically joined at the overlap portion or joined by friction stir spot joining means.
- the flange portion 11 and the plurality of flange pieces 22 are joined together, and the metal plate member is joined by the joining portion SP by the mechanical joining means.
- Such a lap joint member is applied, for example, to formation of various structures including automobile parts (Assy parts) such as a monocoque body constituting an automobile body and an A pillar and a B pillar constituting a monocoque body. Be done.
- automobile parts Assy parts
- a plate-like member cut out in a predetermined shape from a metal plate such as a steel plate or an aluminum plate or a CFRP plate is used, and a formed member formed into a predetermined shape from the plate-like member is also used.
- a plurality of plate-like members and forming members are combined and overlapped at least in part, and they are joined by non-melting joining means (mechanical joining means or friction stir point joining means) at the overlapping portion.
- the overlapping portion of the plate member is generally a flange (overlapping portion) formed on the edge of the plate member as a bonding margin with another plate member, but is not limited to the flange, and the flange and the shape portion It may be joined by non-melting joining means to a portion where the like (portion other than the flange) is overlapped.
- the number of plate members to be overlapped is usually two to three, but it is also possible to overlap more than two.
- the lower limit of the metal plate member can be 0.5 mm, and the upper limit is preferably 2.6 mm. It is.
- the lower limit can be 0.3 mm, and the upper limit is preferably 4.0 mm.
- the strength is enhanced by heating a cold press-formed product or a steel plate for a hot stamp to austenite temperature or more and hardening while forming with a water-cooled mold.
- a hot stamped molded article having a tensile strength of 1200 MPa or more may be used by heat treating a hot stamped molded article having a tensile strength of 1200 MPa or more to reduce the strength of a portion performing mechanical bonding to about 590 MPa. .
- the steel plate member to be laminated with the above steel plate member may be a high strength steel plate having a tensile strength of 1200 MPa or more or a hot stamp material, or a steel plate having a tensile strength of 270 MPa to 980 MPa.
- the steel plate may be a cold-rolled steel plate or a hot-rolled steel plate.
- non-plated steel plate or alloyed galvanizing (GA plating), galvanizing (GI plating), galvanizing (EG), Zn-Al plating, Zn not plated on the surface -A steel plate coated with zinc-based plating such as Al-Mg plating, or an aluminum-plated steel plate may be targeted.
- a hot stamp material unplated, aluminum plated or an intermetallic compound of iron and aluminum, or a steel plate member coated with an iron-zinc solid solution layer and a zinc oxide layer, a solid solution layer of iron zinc nickel and zinc oxide A steel sheet member covered by a layer may be targeted.
- Non-melt bonding used for lap bonding of plate members includes mechanical bonding and friction stir spot bonding.
- a mechanical connecting means blind rivets, self-piercing rivets (self-piercing rivets), hollow rivets, drill screws, bolts, EJOWELD (registered trademark), FDS (registered trademark), etc. are used.
- EJOWELD registered trademark
- FDS registered trademark
- mechanical connection there are cases where the entire penetrating metal plate member such as a blind rivet is penetrated or a part of overlapping metal plate member such as a self-piercing rivet is not penetrated. In any case, the present invention is applicable.
- resistance element welding may be used as a mechanical bonding means. In this REW, as shown in FIG.
- an upper plate 210 for example, an aluminum alloy plate
- a lower plate 220 for example, a steel plate such as boron steel
- the plate set 200 is formed, and the flanged rivet 250 made of steel is inserted into the hole 215 of the upper plate 210, and the flanged rivet 250 of the plate set 200 is further used using the upper electrode 230 and the lower electrode 240. (See FIG. 6A) while energizing the plate assembly 200 at a predetermined current value, the contact portion between the tip portion of the flanged rivet 250 and the lower plate 220 is held.
- the friction stir point welding can be applied to point welding using a rotary tool having a probe at its tip. In that case, it is preferable to apply when the hole of 80% or more of the plate thickness is formed by press-fitting the probe.
- the resin is interposed on the laminated surface and bonding by the resin is used in combination, for example, when the adhesive (for example, an epoxy resin adhesive etc.) is interposed on the laminated surface and bonding by the adhesive is used in combination
- the present invention can also be applied to the case where a sealing resin (sealer) is interposed on the overlapping surface to waterproof or insulate the joint.
- a bonding agent in combination by interposing a structural adhesive or an impact-resistant adhesive on the overlapping surface.
- a structural adhesive or an impact-resistant adhesive on the overlapping surface.
- the combined use of a resin or an adhesive having a sealing function that can be electrically insulated is desirable.
- ⁇ Position of joint> The position of the joint is such that if the position of the hole formed in the joint is too close to the end of the plate member, there is a high risk of breakage at the hole, so the end of the hole 30 and the notch 22U are formed.
- the shortest distance between the plate member and the end 22C of the plate member is L as shown in (A) and (B) of FIG. It is preferable that a hole be provided at a position satisfying the condition of 0.8K.
- the shortest distance M (see FIG. 7A) between the end of the hole 30 and the end of the flange piece 22 (the end of the notch recess 22U) is also preferably 0.8 K or more. More preferably, it is 1.5 K or more.
- the pitch of the joints (the distance between adjacent joints) is usually about 20 mm to 100 mm, but it is not limited to this and may be appropriately set according to the target structure and its part Good.
- the hole formed in the joint portion may be a non-through hole not penetrating the plate member in which the hole is formed or a through hole penetrating at least one plate member.
- the notched recess 22U is formed by penetrating the flange in the thickness direction, and the notched recess 22U is formed in the flange portion.
- a part of the flange width direction of the region located between the joint portions SP by the mechanical joint means arranged adjacent to each other from the end of the end portion or the starting point of the bent portion of the hat-shaped member shown by a dashed dotted line in FIG. It is set as the structure extended to the bending origin 22B) vicinity (appearance of the corner R which transfers to the bending part 22R).
- a connection portion 22A is formed between the notch recess 22U and the bent portion of the hat-shaped member.
- the notched recess is formed between adjacent joints as in the example of FIGS. 1 and 2, in the case where a large number of joints are provided (when the distance between the joints is narrow), the example of FIG. Thus, it is possible to provide a place where the notched recess is not formed (ie, to provide two or more joints between the longitudinally adjacent notched recesses).
- the flange pieces 271 and the flange pieces 272 are alternately formed along the longitudinal direction of the lap joint member 1E, and the flange pieces 271 and the flange pieces 272 are cut between the flange pieces 271 and the flange pieces 272 disposed adjacent to each other.
- the recess 27U is formed.
- the flange pieces 271 are formed with notch recesses 27U on both sides in the longitudinal direction, and have a size that allows one joint portion SP to be formed.
- the flange pieces 272 have notch concave portions 27U formed on both sides in the longitudinal direction, and are sized so as to form two (plural) joint portions SP.
- the notch recess is formed in at least one plate member of the plate members to be overlapped. As in the example of FIGS. 9 and 10, all plate members of the overlapping portion can be provided. In the three-layered member, the notch recess may be formed on one plate member or two plate members, or may be formed on three plate members. In the case of a self-piercing rivet, even if notched recesses are formed in all the stacked plate members including the plate member having no through hole formed, the notched recesses are formed only in the plate member having the through hole formed at the time of joining.
- the notched concave portion may be formed only in the plate member having a high tensile strength ⁇ the plate thickness.
- the notch recessed part is formed in the plate member in which the said hole exists at least from the point by which the effect of this invention is acquired more reliably.
- the lap joint member 7 includes a first hat-shaped member (plate member) 710, a second hat-shaped member (plate member) 720, and a joint portion (joint portion) SP by mechanical joint means.
- the flange portion of the first hat shaped member 710 and the overlapping portion in which the flange portion of the second hat shaped member 720 is overlapped are joined by the mechanical joining means MJ.
- the flange portion of the first hat-shaped member 710 is provided with a flange piece 712 and a connecting portion 712A connecting the adjacent flange pieces 712, and between the adjacent flange pieces 712 and flange pieces 712 , And the notch recessed part 712U is formed.
- a connecting portion 722A and a cutout recess 722U between the adjacent flange piece 722 and the flange piece 722 are formed.
- the notch recess 712U and the notch recess 722U are formed to overlap.
- the rising wall portion 711 of the first hat shaped member 710 and the rising wall portion 721 of the second hat shaped member 720 are standing as shown in (A) and (B) of FIG.
- the upper wall portion 711 is positioned more inward than the rising wall portion 721 so as to be displaced.
- the notch recessed part 712U is the connection part 712A of the flange part Is set to be formed.
- the flange portion is connected in a range where the bending start point 722B of the corner R transitioning to the bent portion 722R is not caught on the rising wall portion 721 side from the flange portion of the second hat shaped member 720 Portion 722A is set to be formed.
- the bending start point 722B is located outward in the width direction of the flange portion than the bending start point 712B, and is formed at a position indicated by an alternate long and short dash line in FIG.
- the notch concave portion 712U is formed in a range outward in the width direction of the flange portion than the bending start point 712B.
- the notch concave portion is formed in a trapezoidal shape in which the opening side of the plate member end in the overlapping portion is long and the bottom side inside the plate member is short, but the present invention is not limited to such a shape
- the notched concave portion may be formed in an inverted trapezoidal shape in which the opening side of the plate member end in the overlapping portion is short and the bottom side in the plate member is long, and the side as shown in FIG. It may be formed in a letter shape (rectangular shape).
- each corner of the notched recess is formed by a curve.
- the length of the parallel portion can be set to 0.5 times or more the length of K, where K is the inner diameter of the hole in the joint, preferably 1 or more times K, more preferably K And more preferably 3 times or more, and more preferably 4 times or more.
- the position (depth of the recess) of the inner bottom portion of the notch recess 22U can be appropriately set according to the structure of the plate member to be applied, the load stress assumed, and the like.
- the outer end 22C of the part needs to be formed on the opposite side (inner side) to the K or more end. More preferably, it is 1.2 K or more, and further preferably, it is 1.5 K or more in which the bottom is inside the end of the hole.
- the maximum depth can be the depth to the starting point of the bending portion of the flange (the bending start point 22B indicated by a dashed dotted line).
- the region between the joints is a width of 1/2 or more from the end side. The tensile stress is dispersed, and it is expected that the tensile stress transmitted between the joint and the soil will be 1/2 or less, and the connected region (connecting portion 22A) in which the notch and the recess are not formed is dispersed. Provide a resistance to tensile stress.
- the notched recess is formed including all in the width direction of the flange, tensile stress does not act between the joints.
- the overlapping portion is not a flange portion, or when the entire width of the overlapping joint member is narrow, the formation depth of the notched recess is determined in consideration of the influence on the strength of the entire overlapping member by providing the notched recess. There is a need.
- FIG. 13A shows the lap joint member 1A in the case where the inner bottom of the notched recess 24U is located at a depth beyond the line X connecting the inner ends of the holes formed in the joint SP.
- FIG. 13B shows the lap joint member 1B in the case where the inner bottom portion is positioned at a depth that coincides with the line Y connecting the centers of the holes formed in the joint portion SP.
- FIG. 13C shows a lap joint member 1C in which the inner bottom of the notched recess 24U is positioned between the line Y and a line Z connecting the outer ends of the holes formed in the joint SP.
- the width of the entire lap joint member (the width of the member in the direction perpendicular to the direction in which the tensile stress is generated (arrow F)) is not sufficient.
- the overlap joining member 1D in the case where it is located near flange end 24C rather than Z is shown.
- FIG. 13 shows the case where the depths of the adjacent notches are all the same, the depths of the adjacent notches may be different.
- An example in which the depths of the notched recesses are different is shown in (A) to (C) of FIG.
- FIG. 14 shows a lap joint member 1E in the case where the notch recess of (A) of FIG. 13 and the notch recess of (B) are mixed. That is, a plurality of flange pieces 25 are formed along the longitudinal direction of the lap joint member 1E, and between the flange pieces 25 and the flange pieces 25 arranged adjacent to each other corresponds to (A) in FIG.
- the notch recess 251U and the notch recess 252U corresponding to (B) in FIG. 13 are alternately formed.
- the notch recess of the intermediate depth of the notch recess of (A) and (B) of FIG. 13 and the notch recess of (B) of FIG. 13 are mixed 6 shows a lap joint member 1F in the case where there is a gap. That is, a plurality of flange pieces 26 are formed along the longitudinal direction of lap joint member 1F, and a notch having a depth corresponding to line X is formed between adjacent flange pieces 26 and flange pieces 26.
- the recess 261U and the notch recess 262U corresponding to (B) in FIG. 13 are alternately formed.
- FIG. 14 shows a lap bonding member 1G in the case where (A) and (B) of FIG. 14 are combined. That is, a plurality of flange pieces are formed along the longitudinal direction of the lap joint member 1G, and a notch corresponding to (A) in FIG. 13 is formed between the flange pieces 281 and the flange pieces 282 arranged adjacent to each other.
- a recess 281 U is formed, and a notch recess 282 U having a depth corresponding to the line X is formed between the flange piece 282 and the flange piece 283 disposed adjacent to each other, and between the flange piece 283 and the flange piece 284,
- the notch recessed part 283U which corresponds to (B) of the said FIG. 13 is formed.
- FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing the B pillar, and (B) of FIG. The figure which expanded the range shown with the dashed-two dotted line B in A) is shown.
- positioned on the outer side is shown in the form which abbreviate
- the B-pillar (lap joint member) 3 has, for example, an inner reinforcement (first structural member) 310 extended in the height direction of the vehicle body and a substantially hat-shaped cross section. And an outer panel (not shown) on the outer side of the outer reinforcement (second structural member) 320. Further, the outer reinforcement 320 and the outer panel are provided, for example, on the flange portion 311 of the inner reinforcement 310. Three sheets are connected in an overlapping manner by a joint SP by mechanical joint means such as a self-piercing rivet. Further, an adhesive may be used in combination for strain distribution in the overlapping surface of the outer panel and the outer reinforcement, and in the bonding of the outer reinforcement and the inner reinforcement.
- the outer reinforcement 320 when the outer panel is aluminum, it is preferable to use an adhesive.
- the outer reinforcement 320 as shown in FIG. 15B, includes a plurality of flange pieces 322 and a connecting portion 322A connecting the adjacent flange pieces 322, and a notch is formed between the adjacent flange pieces 322.
- a recess 322U is formed.
- the inner bottom of the notch recess 322U is formed to a position inside the joint SP.
- any one or both of the inner reinforcement 310 and the outer reinforcement 320 may be, for example, a steel plate member formed by cold-pressing a high strength steel plate (for example, a high strength steel plate having a tensile strength of 590 MPa or more) It is considered as a hot stamp material (for example, a steel plate member having a tensile strength of 1200 MPa or more) in which a martensitic structure is generated by forming a steel plate for a hot stamp material by a hot stamp.
- the outer panel provided in the outer side of outer reinforcement becomes a member in which the same steel plate or aluminum plate was shape
- tensile stress estimate tensile stress
- a structural member for an automobile part for an automobile
- a stress generated by the collision acts on the structural member for a car (part for an automobile) in a direction connecting the inside and the outside of the cabin.
- the tensile stress occurs in a direction generally along the longitudinal direction.
- FIG. 16 (A) is a perspective view showing the roof rail 4.
- B) shows an enlarged view of the range indicated by the alternate long and two short dashes line B in (A) of FIG. 16 as seen through the outer panel
- C) of FIG. 16 shows two points in (A) of FIG. The figure which expanded the range shown with the broken line C is shown.
- the roof rail (lap joint member) 4 extends, for example, along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body and is connected to the A-pillar and has a height from the longitudinal center It extends in the direction and is connected to the B-pillar.
- the roof rail (lap joint member) 4 includes an inner reinforcement (first structural member) 410, an outer reinforcement (second structural member) 420 having a substantially hat-shaped cross section, and an outer panel (not shown) on the outer side thereof.
- the outer reinforcement 420 and the outer panel are connected to the flange portion 411 of the inner reinforcement 410 by, for example, a joint SP by mechanical joint means.
- an adhesive may be used in combination in the overlapping surface of the outer panel and the outer reinforcement, and the bonding of the outer reinforcement and the inner reinforcement.
- the outer panel is aluminum, it is preferable to use an adhesive.
- the outer reinforcement 420 has a plurality of flange pieces 422 formed along the roof rail 4 and a connecting portion 422A connecting the adjacent flange pieces 422 and B.
- a plurality of flange pieces 424 formed along the pillars and a connection portion 424A connecting the adjacent flange pieces 424 are formed, and the notch concave portion 422U is formed between the adjacent flange pieces 422 and is adjacent
- a notch recess 424U is formed between the flange pieces 424.
- either or both of the inner reinforcement 410 and the outer reinforcement 420 are made of the same steel plate member or hot stamp material as in the first application example.
- the outer panel is a member in which a steel plate or an aluminum plate is formed.
- the arrow F in FIG. 16B indicates the direction of tensile stress (estimated tensile stress) generated when the roof rail 4 receives an external force due to a side collision or the like, and the arrow F in FIG.
- the direction of the tensile stress (assumed tensile stress) generated when the B-pillar receives an external force due to a collision or the like is shown.
- FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing the bumper, (B) of FIG. The figure which expanded the range shown with the dashed-two dotted line B in (B) of FIG. 17 is shown.
- the bumper (lap joint member) 5 is formed extending, for example, along the width direction of the vehicle body, and includes a bumper inner reinforcement (first structural member) 510; A bumper outer reinforcement (second structural member) 520 having a hat-shaped cross section in which a notched recess is formed, and further, the bumper outer reinforcement 520 is joined to the flange 511 of the bumper inner reinforcement 510 by, for example, mechanical joining means It is linked by part SP.
- the bumper outer reinforcement 520 includes a plurality of flange pieces 522 formed along the flange 511 of the bumper inner reinforcement 510 and a connecting portion 522A connecting the adjacent flange pieces 522.
- a notch concave portion 522U is formed between the adjacent flange pieces 522.
- Either or both of the bumper inner reinforcement 510 and the bumper outer reinforcement 520 are made of the same steel plate member or hot stamp material as in the first application example.
- the arrow F in FIG. 17B indicates the direction of the tensile stress (estimated tensile stress) generated when the bumper 5 receives an external force due to a collision or the like.
- FIG. 18 shows an example in which the lap joint structure of the present invention is applied to the B-pillar outer reinforcement 6 of a car, and (A) in FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing the B-pillar outer reinforcement. (B) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view shown by arrow XVIB-XVIB in FIG. 18 (A), and (C) of FIG. 18 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view similarly shown by arrow XVIC-XVIC.
- a reinforcing member 620 having a groove-shaped cross section is disposed, and the wall surfaces of both are connected by, for example, a joint SP by mechanical joint means.
- the end of the side wall 621 of the reinforcing member 620 is located in the middle of the rising wall 611 of the B-pillar outer reinforcement 610.
- the side wall 621 of the reinforcing member 620 is provided with a notch recess 622U, and includes a plurality of side wall pieces 622 and a connecting portion 622A connecting the adjacent side wall pieces 622 between the adjacent side wall pieces 622
- the notch recessed part 622U is formed.
- Either one or both of the B-pillar outer reinforcement 610 and the reinforcing member 620 is a steel plate member similar to the first application example or a hot stamp material.
- the arrow F in FIG. 18A indicates the direction of tensile stress (estimated tensile stress) generated when the B-pillar receives an external force due to a collision or the like.
- the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
- the present invention has been described as applied to automotive parts, for example, in the building fixture, beam, link member, simple warehouse, furniture, furniture, etc., the overlapping portion is machined
- the invention is applicable to various lap joint members joined by a specific joining means.
- the high strength steel plate having a tensile strength of 590 MPa or more is mainly described, but for example, the invention is also applied to a steel plate having a tensile strength of less than 590 MPa. be able to. Furthermore, it is applicable similarly to the member which joined aluminum materials, and the member which joined aluminum material and iron material similarly.
- the joint portion is formed in the overlapping portion where two or three plate members are overlapped to form the overlapping joint structure has been described, but four or more plate members are overlapped. It may be applied to a lap joint structure.
- the notched concave portion is formed in one plate member or two plate members of the two or three plate members
- four or more plates A joint may be formed in the overlapping portion where plural plate members are overlapped to form a lap joint structure, and in such a case, how many plate members having the notched concave portion are provided is arbitrarily set can do.
- a joint portion is formed in the overlap portion where three or more (plural) plate members are overlapped to form a lap joint structure (for example, three plate members are overlapped)
- a notch concave portion may be formed in one plate member on the center side in the thickness direction, or one of the center side It is good also as composition which forms a notch crevice in a plate member of both sides (outside) in the direction of board thickness, and does not form a notch crevice in a plate member.
- the lap joint structure of the present invention may be applied to the case of four or more plate members.
- Test No. of FIG. The tensile test pieces before the tensile test shown in 1 to 5 were prepared. For each tensile test specimen, a plate A made of a steel plate having a tensile strength of 980 MPa and having a narrowed central portion and a plate B made of a steel plate having a tensile strength of 590 MPa and having the same shape as the plate A were used.
- Test No. Test Nos. 1 to 3 are examples of joining using blind rivets.
- Test No. 1 is an example which piled up and joined to plate A and plate B, without providing a notch crevice, and it is an example.
- Test No. 2 is an example in which notched recesses are provided at the same position of both plates for joining.
- Test No. 3 is an example in which notches and recesses are provided only in a plate A (upper side steel plate) made of a high strength steel plate for joining.
- Test No. Test No. 4 and 5 are the examples which simulate the form which joined the board A and the board B using the self-piercing rivet (SPR), and the hole has opened only to the steel plate of 1 sheet.
- No. 4 is the example which does not provide a notch recessed part
- test No. 5 is an example which provided the notch recessed part in the board A of the upper side which a hole opened.
- the state before the tension test of each test piece is shown in FIG. 19, and the test conditions are collectively shown in Table 1.
- the hole diameter of the rivet was 4 mm, and the shortest distance from the end of the hole to the end of the test piece was 8 mm.
- each test piece was subjected to a tensile tester to measure the strain to break (break strain (%)).
- break strain %
- the distance between the marks was 50 mm
- the tensile speed was constant at 3 mm / min.
- the state of breakage of the test piece is shown in FIG. 4 and the test results are shown in Table 1.
- the sample is broken starting from the vicinity of the corner of the notched recess, whereas in the comparative example where the notched recess is not provided in the test piece, the edge of the hole
- rupture distortion of the example of this invention improved the result which improved greatly with respect to the comparative example.
- Example 2 For tensile test pieces, as in Example 1, a steel plate having a tensile strength of 980 MPa is used, and a plate C having a notch and a recess in part and a plate D using an Al plate having a strength of 275 MPa or a steel plate having 590 MPa Were prepared, and the plates C and D were stacked in the combinations shown in Table 2 to produce tensile test pieces.
- Test No. Examples 6 and 7 were joined in the form simulating the self-piercing rivet (SPR) in the same manner as in Example 1, Test No. 6 and 7 respectively. 8 and 9 are examples in which the plate C and the plate D are joined by friction stir spot welding.
- SPR self-piercing rivet
- the lap joint structure according to the present invention since it is possible to suppress that the joint portion of the lap portion by the non-melting joint means breaks from the hole of the joint portion, it is industrially applicable.
- SP non-fusion bonding means joints (joints) MJ Mechanical joining method 1, 7 Lap joint member 3 B pillar (lap joint member, automobile parts) 4 Roof rail (lap joint member, automotive parts) 5 Bumper (Laminated Joints, Automobile Parts) 6 B pillar outer reinforcement (lap joint member, automobile parts) 10 plate member (plate member) 11 flanges 20, 710, 720 hat-shaped members, first hat-shaped members, second hat-shaped members 21, 711, 721 rising wall portions 22, 24, 25, 27 27, 271, 272, 281, 282, 283, 284, 712, 722 flange pieces 22A, 24A, 251A, 252A, 261A, 262A, 271A, 282A, 283A, 712A, 722A connections 22U, 24U, 251U, 252U, 261U, 262U, 27U, 281U, 281U, 282U, 283U, 712U, 722U notches Recesses 22B, 24B, 722B
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Abstract
Description
しかし、引張強さが780MPa以上の鋼板を含むようなスポット溶接継手では、ナゲットの靭性が低下し、剥離方向の応力ではナゲット端部に応力が集中するため、鋼板の引張強さが増加しても、十字引張強さ(CTS)が、増加しないか、又は、減少するという問題がある。
この問題を解決する技術の一つとして、母材を溶融させることなくリベットやスクリューなどの機械的接合手段を用いて複数枚の金属板を機械的に接合する技術がある。この技術を用いることにより、従来よりも強度信頼性の高い、自動車部品が製造できる可能性がある。
本発明者の検討では、重ね部を機械的接合手段や摩擦接合手段により接合した重ね接合部材では、重ね接合部材全体が引張変形を受けると、接合部に形成されている穴にひずみが集中して、後述の実施例の引張試験結果である図19の試験No.1に示すように、穴を起点に小さい変形で板部材が破断する問題が生じた。
なお、本発明では、機械的接合手段と摩擦撹拌点接合手段を総称して非溶融接合手段という場合がある。
本発明はそのような知見に基づいてなされたもので、その要旨は以下のとおりである。
前記板部材のうち少なくともいずれかの板部材の重ね部には、隣り合う接合部の間に前記重ね部の端部から接合部方向に切欠き凹部が形成されており、
前記切欠き凹部の内側底部は、前記穴の内径をKとしたとき、前記重ね部の端部からK以上深い位置に形成されていることを特徴とする重ね接合構造。
(3) 前記穴は、前記少なくとも一方の板部材を貫通する貫通穴であることを特徴とする、上記(1)または(2)に記載の重ね接合構造。
(5) 前記切欠き凹部は、少なくとも前記穴が存在する板部材に形成されていることを特徴とする、上記(1)~(4)のいずれかに記載の重ね接合構造。
(7) 前記切欠き凹部の内側底部が、前記重ね部の端部に平行である平行部を有することを特徴とする、上記(1)~(6)のいずれかに記載の重ね接合構造。
(8) 前記平行部の長さが0.5K以上であることを特徴とする、上記(7)に記載の重ね接合構造。
(10) 前記板部材が鋼板部材であり、前記切欠き凹部は、引張強さが590MPa以上の鋼板部材に形成されていることを特徴とする、上記(1)~(9)のいずれかに記載の重ね接合構造。
(12) 前記機械的接合手段または摩擦撹拌点接合手段による接合に加え、樹脂による接合が併用されていることを特徴とする、上記(1)~(11)のいずれかに記載の重ね接合構造。
その結果、例えば、衝突時の乗員保護性能に優れた高強度の自動車用部品を製造することができる。
また、切欠き凹部22Uは、図3(A)、(B)に示すように、ハット形部材20のフランジ部から立上壁部21側において、曲げ部22Rに移行するコーナRの曲げ起点(他方のフランジ端部)22Bに引っ掛からない範囲に接続部22Aを形成するように設定されている。
また、一方がアルミニウム材で他方が前記(a)や(b)の鋼板とすること、あるいは両方をアルミニウム材とすることもできる。同様に、一方がCFRP材であったり、両方がCFRP材であってもよい。
しかしながら、重ね接合部材1は、重ね部の非溶融接合手段(接合部)の間に切欠き凹部22Uが形成されているので、該重ね接合部材1に外力が加わって矢印F方向の引張応力が生じたとしても、切欠き凹部が引張荷重による負荷、変形を分散させることができる(すなわち、切欠き凹部が変形を吸収し、破断までの伸びを増やすことができる)ので、穴を起点として接合部材が破断されるのが抑制され、接合部材の性能を充分に発揮できるようになる。
すなわち、図4に示す引張試験前の試験片(A)、(B)、(C)を準備した。
各試験片には、引張強さが980MPaと590MPaの冷延鋼板よりなり、中央部がくびれた形状の鋼板母材を2枚重ねて用いた。
(A)の試験片は、母材を単に2枚重ねたもの、(B)の試験片は、中央部左寄りの位置でブラインドリベットにより母材を接合したもので、機械的接合による穴が形成されているものであり、(C)の試験片は、(B)の試験片のブラインドリベットの右側に切欠き凹部を設けたものである。
図4に、引張試験後の試験片の破断状態を示すとともに、図5に、試験片にそれぞれ引張荷重を与えた場合の荷重-ひずみ曲線図を示す。
図4に示すように、切欠き凹部を設けていない試験片(B)が、接合部の穴を中心にして破断したのに対し、切欠き凹部が設けられた試験片(C)では、切欠き凹部の角部近傍を起点に破断しており、引張荷重に対して破断の発生するひずみ量も、図5に示すように、試験片(B)に対して試験片(C)では格段に増加することが確認された。
これは、試験片(C)では、引張荷重が負荷されたときに、ブラインドリベットを通す穴の縁にひずみが集中することが抑制されたため、重ね接合部材が破断する変形量が増大したものである。このような機構により、機械的接合部に設けられた穴の縁が起点となって少ないひずみで破断が起こることが抑制されると考えられる。
本発明の重ね接合部材は、複数の板部材を重ね合せ、その重ね部で板部材同士を機械的に接合した、あるいは摩擦撹拌点接合手段によって接合した構成になっている。例えば、図1、2に示すように、板状部材(板部材)10のフランジ部(フランジ相当部)11と、ハット形部材(板部材)20のフランジ部(フランジ片22とその接続部22Aよりなる)とを重ね合わせ、フランジ部11と複数のフランジ片22とを重ね合せた重ね部で機械的接合手段による接合部SPにより金属板部材を接合している。
板部材の重ね部は、一般的に、板部材の縁に他の板部材との接合代として形成されるフランジ(重ね部)であるが、フランジに限定されるものではなく、フランジと形状部等(フランジ以外の部分)を重ね合せた部分に非溶融接合手段により接合されたものでもよい。
また、板部材の板厚に制限を設定する必要はないものの、実用的な観点からすると、金属板部材では、下限は0.5mmとすることができ、上限は2.6mmとすることが好適である。CFRPでは、下限は0.3mmとすることができ、上限は4.0mmとすることが好適である。
上記の鋼板部材と重ね合せられる鋼板部材は、引張強さが1200MPa以上の高強度鋼板やホットスタンプ材を用いたものでもよいし、引張強さが270MPa~980MPaの鋼板を用いたものでもよい。なお、鋼板は、冷延鋼板であっても、熱延鋼板であってもよい。
摩擦撹拌点接合でも、溶接に適合しない材料の接合も可能であり、例えば、アルミ材を複数組み合わせた構造部材やアルミ材と鋼材を組み合わせた構造部材に適用が可能である。
板部材の重ね接合に用いられる非溶融接合には、機械的接合と摩擦撹拌点接合がある。
機械的接合手段としては、ブラインドリベット、セルフピアシングリベット(自己穿孔リベット)、中空リベット、ドリルネジ、ボルト、EJOWELD(登録商標)、FDS(登録商標)などが用いられる。機械的接合では、ブラインドリベットなどのように重ね合わせた金属板部材を全て貫通する場合と、セルフピアシングリベットなどのように重ね合わせた金属板部材の一部は貫通しない場合があるが、いずれの場合でも本発明が適用できる。
また、機械的接合手段として、レジスタンスエレメントウエルディング(Resistance Element Welding;REW)が用いられてもよい。このREWは、図6に示すように、板厚方向に貫通する穴215が形成された上板210(例えば、アルミ合金板)と、下板220(例えば、ボロン鋼等の鋼板)とを重ね合わせて板組200を形成するとともに、上板210の穴215に鋼製のフランジ付きリベット250を挿入し、さらに、上側電極230および下側電極240を用いて、板組200のフランジ付きリベット250に対応する部分を挟持しつつ(図6の(A)を参照)、所定の電流値にて板組200を通電することにより、フランジ付きリベット250の先端部分と下板220との接触部分を溶融してナゲット255を形成する接合手段である(図6の(B)を参照)。
このように、REWは、部分的に溶融接合手段を利用しているものの、本質的にはフランジ付きリベット250という機械的要素を利用した接合手段であるため、このような接合手段も機械的接合手段として、本発明に好適に用いることができる。
また、重ね合わせ面に樹脂を介在させて該樹脂による接合を併用する場合、例えば、重ね合わせ面に接着剤(例えば、エポキシ樹脂系接着剤等)を介在させて接着剤による接合を併用する場合や、重ね合わせ面にシール用樹脂(シーラー)を介在させて合わせ目を防水ないし絶縁する場合などにも、本発明を適用することができる。重ね合わせ面に構造用接着剤や耐衝撃型の接着剤を介在させて接着剤による接合を併用することは、本発明の好適な形態である。特に、アルミ材と鋼材を組み合わせた構造部材の場合は、電気的に絶縁できるシール機能を有する樹脂や接着剤の併用が望ましい。
接合部の位置は、接合部に形成される穴の位置が板部材の端部に近すぎる場合は、穴で破断する危険性が高くなるので、穴30の端部と切欠き凹部22Uを形成した板部材の端部22Cとの間の最短距離を図7の(A)、(B)に示すようにLとして、最短距離Lが穴の内径(円相当直径)Kに対して、L≧0.8Kの条件を満たす位置に穴が設けられることが好ましい。なお、後述の図9、10に示す例のように、複数の重ね合わされる板部材の縁に切欠き凹部が形成される場合には、切欠き凹部が形成される板部材の全てについてL≧0.8Kの条件を満たすようにすることが好ましい。
また、穴30の端部とフランジ片22の端部(切欠き凹部22Uの端部)との最短距離M(図7の(A)を参照)も、0.8K以上であることが好ましく、さらに好ましくは、1.5K以上である。
接合部のピッチ(隣り合う接合部間の間隔)は、通常、20mm~100mm程度であるが、これに限定されるものではなく、対象とされる構造物やその部位に応じて適宜設定すればよい。
なお、本発明において、接合部に形成される上記穴は、当該穴が形成される板部材を貫通しない非貫通穴でも、少なくとも一方の板部材を貫通する貫通穴であってもよい。
[切欠き凹部の基本態様]
切欠き凹部22Uは、重ね部を構成するフランジ部などの縁部に開口され、例えばハット形部材では、切欠き凹部22Uは、フランジ部を厚さ方向に貫通して形成されていて、フランジ部の端部から隣接配置された機械的接合手段による接合部SP同士の間に位置する領域のフランジ幅方向の一部、もしくはハット形部材の曲げ部の起点(図2などにおいて一点鎖線部で示す曲げ起点22B)近傍(曲げ部22Rに移行するコーナRのかかり)まで伸びた構成とされている。また、切欠き凹部22Uとハット形部材の曲げ部との間には、接続部22Aが形成されている。
フランジ片271は、長手方向の両側に切欠き凹部27Uが形成されていて、一つの接合部SPが形成可能な大きさとされている。フランジ片272は、長手方向の両側に切欠き凹部27Uが形成されていて、二つ(複数)の接合部SPが形成可能な大きさとされている。
また、切欠き凹部は、重ね合わされる板部材の少なくとも1つの板部材に形成する。図9、10の例のように、重ね部のすべての板部材に設けることもできる。
3枚重ねの部材においては、切欠き凹部を1枚の板部材または2枚の板部材について形成してもよいし、3枚の板部材について形成してもよい。セルフピアシングリベットの場合は、貫通穴が形成されていない板部材を含む重ね合わせた全ての板部材に切欠き凹部を形成しても、接合時に貫通穴が形成された板部材のみに切欠き凹部を形成しても、貫通穴が形成された板部材のうち、引張強さ×板厚が高い板部材のみに切欠き凹部を形成してもよい。
なお、本発明の効果がより確実に得られる点から、切欠き凹部は、少なくとも上記穴が存在する板部材に形成されていることが好ましい。
そして、切欠き凹部712Uは、第1ハット形部材710のフランジ部から立上壁部711側において、曲げ部711Rに移行するコーナRの曲げ起点712Bに引っ掛からない範囲において、フランジ部の接続部712Aが形成されるように設定されている。また、切欠き凹部722Uも同様に、第2ハット形部材720のフランジ部から立上壁部721側において、曲げ部722Rに移行するコーナRの曲げ起点722Bに引っ掛からない範囲において、フランジ部の接続部722Aが形成されるように設定されている。
切欠き凹部は、図1では、重ね部における板部材端部の開口側が長く、板部材内部の底部側が短い台形状に形成されているが、本発明においてはこのような形状に限定されず、切欠き凹部は、重ね部における板部材端部の開口側が短く、板部材内部の底部側が長い逆台形状に形成されていてもよく、また、図12に示すような側辺が平行のコの字状(矩形状)に形成されていてもよい。
切欠き凹部の各コーナは、曲線で形成されているのが好ましい。また、切欠き凹部の内側底部には、重ね部の端部22Cに対して平行方向の平行部を持つことが好ましい。平行部の長さは、接合部の穴の内径をKとしたとき、Kの0.5倍以上の長さに設定することができ、好ましくはKの1倍以上であり、より好ましくはKの2倍以上であり、さらに好ましくは3倍以上、より最適には4倍以上である。
切欠き凹部22Uの内側底部の位置(凹部の深さ)については、適用する板部材の構造や想定している負荷応力などに応じて適宜設定できるが、穴の内径Kに対して、少なくとも重ね部の外側の端部22CからK以上端部とは反対側(内側)に形成される必要がある。より好ましくは、1.2K以上であり、さらに好ましくは、底部が穴の端部より内側となる1.5K以上である。
切欠き凹部が、例えば、板部材のフランジ幅に対して1/2以上の範囲まで入り込んで形成されている場合は、接合部同士間の領域は端部側から1/2以上の幅においては引張応力が分散されて、接合部同土間で伝達される引張応力が1/2以下となることが期待され、さらに切欠き凹部が形成されていない接続された領域(接続部22A)が分散された引張応力に対する耐力を提供する。切欠き凹部が、フランジの幅方向のすべてを含んで形成されている場合は、接合部同士間に引張応力が作用することはなくなる。
重ね部がフランジ部分ではない場合や、重ね接合部材全体の幅が狭い場合は、切欠き凹部の形成深さは、切欠き凹部を設けることによる重ね接合部材全体の強度に対する影響を考慮して決める必要がある。
図13の(A)は、切欠き凹部24Uの内側底部が、接合部SPに形成された穴の内側の端部を結ぶ線Xを超えた深さに位置する場合の重ね接合部材1Aを示し、図13の(B)は、前記内側底部が、接合部SPに形成された穴の中心を結ぶ線Yに一致する深さに位置する場合の重ね接合部材1Bを示している。
図13の(C)は、切欠き凹部24Uの内側底部が、前記線Yと接合部SPに形成された穴の外側の端部を結ぶ線Zとの中間に位置する場合の重ね接合部材1Cを示し、図13の(D)は、重ね接合部材全体の幅(引張応力が発生する方向(矢印F)に対して直角方向の部材の幅)が十分でなく、前記内側底部が、前記線Zよりもフランジ端部24C寄りに位置する場合の重ね接合部材1Dを示している。
切欠き凹部の深さが異なる一例を、図14の(A)~(C)に示す。
以下、図15~図18を参照して、以上説明した本発明の(複数の金属板部材よりなる)重ね接合構造を、自動車用車体を構成するモノコックボディの、側面衝突が発生した場合にキャビン内の乗員を保護する重要部材(自動車用部品)に適用する例を説明する。
この例は、本発明の重ね接合構造を自動車車体構造のBピラー3に適用した例であり、図15の(A)はBピラーを示す斜視図であり、図15の(B)は、(A)において二点鎖線Bで示した範囲を拡大した図を示している。なお、図15の(B)では、外側に配置されるアウターパネルを省略した形で示している。
アウターリンフォース320は、図15の(B)に示すように、複数のフランジ片322と、隣接するフランジ片322を接続する接続部322Aとを備え、隣接するフランジ片322の間には切欠き凹部322Uが形成されている。切欠き凹部322Uの内側底部は、接合部SPよりも内部の位置まで形成される。
なお、図15における矢印Fは、Bピラー3が衝突等によって外力を受けた場合に発生する引張応力(想定引張応力)の方向を示している。自動車用構造部材(自動車用部品)が衝突により曲げ方向の外力を受ける部材の場合、衝突によって生じる応力は、自動車用構造部材(自動車用部品)に対してキャビンの内側と外側を結ぶ方向に作用し、引張応力は、概ね長手方向に沿った方向に生じる。
この例は、本発明の重ね接合構造を、ルーフレール4を含む自動車構造部材(自動車部品)に適用した例であり、図16の(A)はルーフレール4を示す斜視図であり、図16の(B)は、図16の(A)において二点鎖線Bで示した範囲を拡大した図を、アウターパネルを透視して示し、図16の(C)は、図16の(A)において二点鎖線Cで示した範囲を拡大した図を示している。
ルーフレール(重ね接合部材)4は、インナーリンフォース(第1構造部材)410と、略ハット形断面を有するアウターリンフォース(第2構造部材)420と、その外側のアウターパネル(図示しない)とを備え、さらに、インナーリンフォース410のフランジ部411に、アウターリンフォース420とアウターパネルが、例えば、機械的接合手段による接合部SPによって連結されている。また、アウターパネルとアウターリンフォースの重ね面、およびアウターリンフォースとインナーリンフォースの接合においては、接着剤を併用してもよい。特にアウターパネルがアルミの場合は、接着剤の併用が好ましい。
なお、図16の(B)における矢印Fは、ルーフレール4が側面衝突等によって外力を受けた場合に発生する引張応力(想定引張応力)の方向を、図16の(C)における矢印Fは、Bピラーが衝突等によって外力を受けた場合に発生する引張応力(想定引張応力)の方向を示している。
この例は、本発明の重ね接合構造をバンパ(自動車構造部材、自動車部品)5に適用した例であり、図17の(A)はバンパを示す斜視図であり、図17の(B)は、図17の(B)において二点鎖線Bで示した範囲を拡大した図を示している。
なお、図17の(B)における矢印Fは、バンパ5が衝突等によって外力を受けた場合に発生する引張応力(想定引張応力)の方向を示している。
この例は、本発明の重ね接合構造を自動車のBピラーアウターリンフォース6に適用した例を示しており、図18の(A)はBピラーアウターリンフォースを示す斜視図であり、図18の(B)は、図18(A)において矢視XVIB-XVIBで示した縦断面図であり、図18の(C)は、同じく矢視XVIC-XVICで示した縦断面図である。
補強部材620の側壁621には、切欠き凹部622Uが設けられ、複数の側壁片622と、隣接する側壁片622を接続する接続部622Aとを備えており、隣接する側壁片622の間には切欠き凹部622Uが形成されている。
なお、図18の(A)における矢印Fは、Bピラーが衝突等によって外力を受けた場合に発生する引張応力(想定引張応力)の方向を示している。
例えば、上記実施の形態においては、本発明を自動車用部品に適用する場合について説明したが、例えば、建築用の建具、梁、リンク部材や、簡易倉庫、家具、什器等において、重ね部を機械的接合手段により接合する種々の重ね接合部材に適用可能である。
各引張試験片には、引張強さが980MPaの鋼板よりなり且つ中央部がくびれた形状の板Aと、引張強さが590MPaの鋼板よりなり且つ板Aと同形状の板Bを用いた。
試験No.1~3は、ブラインドリベットを用いて接合した例であり、試験No.1は板Aと板Bに切欠き凹部を設けないで重ねて接合した例であり、試験No.2は、両方の板の同一位置に切欠き凹部を設けて接合した例であり、試験No.3は、高強度の鋼板よりなる板A(上側の鋼板)にのみ切欠き凹部を設けて接合した例である。
試験No.4、5は、セルフピアシングリベット(SPR)を用いて板Aと板Bを接合した形態を模擬し、1枚の鋼板にのみ穴が開いている例であり、試験No.4は切欠き凹部を設けない例、試験No.5は、穴が開いている上側の板Aに切欠き凹部を設けた例である。
各試験片の引張試験前の状態を図19に示し、表1に、試験条件をまとめて示す。なお、リベットによる穴径は4mmであり、穴の端部から試験片の端部までの最短距離は8mmであった。
試験片の破断の状態を図4に示し、表1に試験結果を示す。
試験片に切欠き凹部を設けた本発明例では、切欠き凹部の角部近傍を起点として破断していたのに対し、試験片に切欠き凹部を設けていない比較例では、穴の端縁を起点として破断しており、本発明例の破断ひずみが、比較例に対して大きく向上した結果が得られた。
試験No.6、7は、実施例1と同様にセルフピアシングリベット(SPR)を模擬した形態で接合した例、試験No.8、9は摩擦撹拌点接合により板Cと板Dを接合した例である。
各試験片を実施例1と同様に引張試験した結果を表2に示すが、試験片における切欠き凹部の有無に応じて、実施例1と同様の結果が得られた。
MJ 機械的接合手段
1、7 重ね接合部材
3 Bピラー(重ね接合部材、自動車部品)
4 ルーフレール(重ね接合部材、自動車部品)
5 バンパ(重ね接合部材、自動車部品)
6 Bピラーアウターリンフォース(重ね接合部材、自動車部品)
10 板状部材(板部材)
11 板状部材のフランジ部
20、710、720 ハット形部材、第1ハット形部材、第2ハット形部材
21、711、721 立上壁部
22、24、25、26、271、272、281、282、283、284、712、722 フランジ片(フランジ)
22A、24A、251A、252A、261A、262A、27A、281A、282A、283A、712A、722A 接続部
22U、24U、251U、252U、261U、262U、27U、281U、282U、283U、712U、722U 切欠き凹部
22B、24B、722B 立上壁部側フランジ端部の曲げ起点
22C、24C フランジの外側の端部(重ね部の端部)
30 機械的接合手段が挿通される穴
310 インナーリンフォース(第1構造部材)
320 アウターリンフォース(第2構造部材)
322、422、424、522、622 フランジ片、側壁片
322A、422A、424A、522A、622A 接続部
322U、422U、424U、522U、622U 切欠き凹部
410 インナーリンフォース(第1構造部材)
420 アウターリンフォース(第2構造部材)
510 バンパーインナーリインフォース
520 バンパーアウターリインフォース
610 Bピラーアウターリンフォース
620 補強部材
Claims (12)
- 複数の板部材の重ね部が、複数の接合部において機械的接合手段または摩擦撹拌点接合手段により点状に接合されており、前記接合部には、少なくとも一方の板部材に、機械的接合手段が挿通される穴、あるいは、摩擦撹拌点接合手段による点接合時に形成された穴が存在している重ね接合構造において、
前記板部材のうち少なくともいずれかの板部材の重ね部には、隣り合う接合部の間に前記重ね部の端部から接合部方向に切欠き凹部が形成されており、
前記切欠き凹部の内側底部は、前記穴の内径をKとしたとき、前記重ね部の端部からK以上深い位置に形成されていることを特徴とする重ね接合構造。 - 前記穴の端部と前記切欠き凹部が形成された板部材の端部との間の距離Lが、前記穴の内径Kに対して、L≧0.8Kの関係を満たすように前記穴が位置していることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の重ね接合構造。
- 前記穴は、前記少なくとも一方の板部材を貫通する貫通穴であることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の重ね接合構造。
- 前記穴の端部と前記切欠き凹部の端部との最短距離が0.8K以上であることを特徴とする、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の重ね接合構造。
- 前記切欠き凹部は、少なくとも前記穴が存在する板部材に形成されていることを特徴とする、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の重ね接合構造。
- 前記切欠き凹部の内側底部は、前記重ね部の端部から1.5K以上の範囲まで入り込んで形成されていることを特徴とする、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の重ね接合構造。
- 前記切欠き凹部の内側底部が、前記重ね部の端部に平行である平行部を有することを特徴とする、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の重ね接合構造。
- 前記平行部の長さが0.5K以上であることを特徴とする、請求項7に記載の重ね接合構造。
- 前記切欠き凹部が形成される板部材が、前記接合部を挟んで前記重ね部の端部の反対側に曲げ部が形成され、断面がハット形状のハット形部材であり、前記切欠き凹部は、前記ハット形部材の前記曲げ部より前記端部側の範囲に形成されていることを特徴とする、請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の重ね接合構造。
- 前記板部材が鋼板部材であり、前記切欠き凹部は、引張強さが590MPa以上の鋼板部材に形成されていることを特徴とする、請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の重ね接合構造。
- 前記機械的接合手段は、ブラインドリベット、セルフピアシングリベット、ドリルネジ、ボルト、レジスタンスエレメントウエルディングのいずれかであることを特徴とする、請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の重ね接合構造。
- 前記機械的接合手段または摩擦撹拌点接合手段による接合に加え、樹脂による接合が併用されていることを特徴とする、請求項1~11のいずれか1項に記載の重ね接合構造。
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EP18872894.3A EP3705735A4 (en) | 2017-11-01 | 2018-10-31 | OVERLAP ASSEMBLED STRUCTURE |
KR1020207008212A KR102441894B1 (ko) | 2017-11-01 | 2018-10-31 | 자동차 부품 |
BR112020005115-2A BR112020005115A2 (pt) | 2017-11-01 | 2018-10-31 | estrutura unida sobreposta |
CA3078907A CA3078907A1 (en) | 2017-11-01 | 2018-10-31 | Overlapping bonded structure |
US16/648,651 US11344969B2 (en) | 2017-11-01 | 2018-10-31 | Overlapping bonded structure |
MX2020004612A MX2020004612A (es) | 2017-11-01 | 2018-10-31 | Estructura unida superpuesta. |
CN201880060751.9A CN111148907B (zh) | 2017-11-01 | 2018-10-31 | 重叠接合构造 |
JP2019550477A JP6973499B2 (ja) | 2017-11-01 | 2018-10-31 | 重ね接合構造 |
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KR (1) | KR102441894B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN111148907B (ja) |
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Cited By (4)
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WO2020179916A1 (ja) * | 2019-03-06 | 2020-09-10 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 車両骨格部材 |
WO2021124891A1 (ja) * | 2019-12-16 | 2021-06-24 | シロキ工業株式会社 | 車両用ドアフレームの製造方法及び車両用ドアフレーム |
JP7460498B2 (ja) | 2020-10-01 | 2024-04-02 | 株式会社Subaru | 車体骨格材の補強構造 |
JP7460497B2 (ja) | 2020-10-01 | 2024-04-02 | 株式会社Subaru | 車体骨格材の補強構造 |
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EP3705224A4 (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2020-12-16 | Nippon Steel Corporation | BUILDING MATERIAL |
JP7160864B2 (ja) * | 2020-07-15 | 2022-10-25 | フタバ産業株式会社 | 抵抗スポット溶接方法及び抵抗スポット溶接装置 |
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JP7460497B2 (ja) | 2020-10-01 | 2024-04-02 | 株式会社Subaru | 車体骨格材の補強構造 |
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EP3705735A1 (en) | 2020-09-09 |
MX2020004612A (es) | 2020-08-06 |
KR102441894B1 (ko) | 2022-09-08 |
US20200290149A1 (en) | 2020-09-17 |
JP6973499B2 (ja) | 2021-12-01 |
US11344969B2 (en) | 2022-05-31 |
CA3078907A1 (en) | 2019-05-09 |
KR20200039786A (ko) | 2020-04-16 |
CN111148907B (zh) | 2022-06-24 |
EP3705735A4 (en) | 2021-08-18 |
BR112020005115A2 (pt) | 2020-09-24 |
JPWO2019088207A1 (ja) | 2020-09-24 |
CN111148907A (zh) | 2020-05-12 |
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