WO2019082297A1 - 電力変換装置 - Google Patents
電力変換装置Info
- Publication number
- WO2019082297A1 WO2019082297A1 PCT/JP2017/038487 JP2017038487W WO2019082297A1 WO 2019082297 A1 WO2019082297 A1 WO 2019082297A1 JP 2017038487 W JP2017038487 W JP 2017038487W WO 2019082297 A1 WO2019082297 A1 WO 2019082297A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- phase
- bus
- converter
- voltage
- fuse
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
- H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
- H02H7/1216—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for AC-AC converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
- H02M5/40—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc
- H02M5/42—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
- H02M5/44—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac
- H02M5/453—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M5/458—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M5/4585—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having a rectifier with controlled elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
- H02M7/487—Neutral point clamped inverters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power converter.
- a power conversion apparatus applied to an uninterruptible power supply or the like includes a converter that converts alternating current power from a commercial alternating current power supply into direct current power and an inverter that converts the direct current power into alternating current power of a desired frequency and voltage. And have.
- WO 2010/095241 discloses an uninterruptible power supply configured by a power conversion device provided with a three-level converter and a three-level inverter.
- a power conversion device provided with a three-level converter and a three-level inverter.
- each of the three-level converter and the three-level inverter includes a plurality of semiconductor switching elements.
- each of the three-level converter and the three-level inverter includes a first fuse connected between a first semiconductor switching element and a DC positive bus, and a second fuse It has a second fuse connected to the semiconductor switching element and the DC negative bus, and a third fuse connected between the AC switch and the DC neutral bus. That is, a fuse is provided in the current path between one terminal of each semiconductor switching element and each DC bus. Therefore, there is concern that the number of fuses used will increase.
- Patent Document 1 shows a configuration in which nine fuses are used for each of the three-level converter and the three-level inverter. When the number of fuses increases in this manner, the power converter may be increased in size and cost.
- Patent Document 1 since the number of fuses is large, the total of the power loss generated in all the fuses becomes large when the power conversion device is operating, and as a result, the efficiency of the power conversion device is increased. There is a possibility of lowering.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a power converter capable of realizing prevention of over current and over voltage with a simple configuration.
- a power converter includes a DC positive bus, a DC negative bus and a DC neutral bus, a converter, a first capacitor, and a second capacitor.
- the converter is connected between an AC power supply and a DC positive bus, a DC negative bus and a DC neutral bus, and converts an AC voltage supplied from the AC power into a DC voltage.
- the first capacitor is connected between the DC positive bus and the DC neutral bus.
- the second capacitor is connected between the DC neutral point bus and the DC negative bus.
- the converter includes a diode rectifier connected between the AC power supply and the DC positive bus and the DC negative bus, and a first AC switch electrically connected between the AC power supply and the DC neutral bus. .
- the power converter further includes a first fuse electrically connected between the first AC switch and the DC neutral point bus.
- FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing the operation of the R-phase converter. It is a figure which shows the case where IGBT element Q1R fails and it will be in a short circuit state in the period which IGBT element Q1S is on.
- FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing the operation of the R-phase converter. It is a figure which shows the case where IGBT element Q1R fails and it will be in a short circuit state in the period which IGBT element Q1S is on.
- FIG. 13 is a waveform diagram showing a relationship between U-phase voltage VU and on / off of IGBT elements Q1U to Q4U.
- IGBT element Q1U and Q3V are on, it is a figure which shows the case where IGBT element Q4U fails and it will be in a short circuit state.
- IGBT element Q2U and Q4V are on, it is a figure which shows the case where IGBT element Q3U fails and it will be in a short circuit state.
- It is a circuit diagram explaining composition of a power converter by a comparative example. It is a circuit diagram explaining composition of a power converter by a modification of an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing a main circuit configuration of power converter 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- Power converter 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied to, for example, an uninterruptible power supply.
- the AC power supply 1 supplies three-phase AC power of commercial frequency to the power converter 100.
- the load 4 is driven by three-phase AC power of commercial frequency supplied from the power conversion device 100.
- power conversion device 100 includes three converter units U 1 to U 3 connected in parallel between AC power supply 1 and load 4.
- Power converter 100 further includes interconnections WP 1, WP 2, WN 1, WN 2, WC 1 and WC 2, and control circuit 7.
- Power converter 100 forms an uninterruptible power supply by being connected to DC positive bus PL 4, DC negative bus NL 4, DC neutral bus CL 4, bidirectional chopper 5, and DC power supply 6.
- the first converter unit U1 includes an R phase converter 2R, a U phase inverter 3U, a DC positive bus PL1, a DC negative bus NL1, a DC neutral bus CL1, and capacitors C1R, C2R, C1U, C2U.
- R-phase voltage VR is supplied to R-phase converter 2R from AC power supply 1 via R-phase line RL.
- R-phase converter 2R converts R-phase voltage VR into a DC voltage, and supplies the DC voltage to U-phase inverter 3U via DC buses PL1, CL1, and NL1.
- U-phase inverter 3U converts the DC voltage from R-phase converter 2R into U-phase voltage VU.
- U-phase voltage VU generated by U-phase inverter 3U is supplied to load 4 via U-phase line UL.
- Capacitors C1R (first capacitor) and C1U (third capacitor) are connected in parallel between DC positive bus PL1 and DC neutral bus CL1.
- Capacitors C2R (second capacitor) and C2U are connected in parallel between DC neutral point bus CL1 and DC negative bus NL1.
- the second converter unit U2 includes an S phase converter 2S, a V phase inverter 3V, a DC positive bus PL2, a DC negative bus NL2, a DC neutral bus CL2, and capacitors C1S, C2S, C1V, C2V.
- the S-phase voltage VS is supplied to the S-phase converter 2S from the AC power supply 1 via the S-phase line SL.
- the S-phase converter 2S converts the S-phase voltage VS into a DC voltage, and supplies the DC voltage to the V-phase inverter 3V through the DC buses PL2, CL2, and NL2.
- V-phase inverter 3V converts the DC voltage from S-phase converter 2S into V-phase voltage VV.
- V-phase voltage VV generated by V-phase inverter 3V is supplied to load 4 via V-phase line VL.
- Capacitors C1S (first capacitor) and C1V (third capacitor) are connected in parallel between DC positive bus PL2 and DC neutral bus CL2.
- Capacitors C2S (second capacitor) and C2V (fourth capacitor) are connected in parallel between DC neutral point bus CL2 and DC negative bus NL2.
- the third converter unit U3 includes a T-phase converter 2T, a W-phase inverter 3W, a DC positive bus PL3, a DC negative bus NL3, a DC neutral bus CL3, and capacitors C1T, C2T, C1W, C2W.
- T-phase voltage VT is supplied to T-phase converter 2T from AC power supply 1 via T-phase line TL.
- T-phase converter 2T converts T-phase voltage VT into a DC voltage, and supplies the DC voltage to W-phase inverter 3W via DC buses PL3, CL3, and NL3.
- W-phase inverter 3W converts the DC voltage from T-phase converter 2T into W-phase voltage VW.
- W-phase voltage VW generated by W-phase inverter 3W is supplied to load 4 via W-phase line WL.
- Capacitors C1T (first capacitor) and C1W (third capacitor) are connected in parallel between DC positive bus PL3 and DC neutral bus CL3.
- Capacitors C2T (second capacitor) and C2W (fourth capacitor) are connected in parallel between DC neutral point bus CL3 and DC negative bus NL3.
- each of converter units U1 to U3 includes one single-phase converter, one single-phase inverter, three DC buses (DC positive bus, DC negative bus, DC neutral bus), and It comprises four capacitors.
- wires WP1, WN1, WC1 are provided between the first converter unit U1 and the second converter unit U2. Specifically, interconnection WP1 is connected between DC positive buses PL1 and PL2. Wiring WN1 is connected between DC negative buses NL1 and NL2. Wiring WC1 is connected between DC neutral point buses CL1 and CL2.
- wires WP2, WN2, WC2 are provided between the second converter unit U2 and the third converter unit U3. Specifically, interconnection WP2 is connected between DC positive buses PL2 and PL3. Wiring WN2 is connected between DC negative buses NL2 and NL3. Wiring WC2 is connected between DC neutral point buses CL2 and CL3.
- the DC positive bus PL 4, the DC negative bus NL 4, and the DC neutral bus CL 4 are provided between the third converter unit U 3 and the bidirectional chopper 5. Specifically, DC positive bus PL4, DC negative bus NL4, and DC neutral bus CL4 are respectively connected between DC positive bus PL3, DC negative bus NL3, DC neutral bus CL3, and bidirectional chopper 5 Be done.
- Bidirectional chopper 5 is connected between DC power supply 6 and DC positive bus PL 4, DC negative bus NL 4 and DC neutral point bus CL 4.
- Bidirectional chopper 5 is configured to perform DC voltage conversion bidirectionally between DC buses PL 4, NL 4, CL 4 and DC power supply 6.
- the DC positive buses PL1, PL2, PL3 are connected to each other via the wires WP1, WP2. Thereby, the voltages of DC positive buses PL1, PL2, and PL3 can be matched.
- DC negative buses NL1, NL2, NL3 are connected to each other through the wires WN1, WN2. Thereby, voltages of DC negative buses NL1, NL2 and NL3 can be made to coincide with each other.
- DC neutral point busbars CL1, CL2, and CL3 are connected to each other through the wires WC1 and WC2. Thereby, the voltages of the DC neutral point buses CL1, CL2 and CL3 can be made to match.
- the input voltages of the single phase inverters 3U, 3V, 3W of the converter units U1 to U3 can be matched. Therefore, the amplitudes of the phase voltages output from single phase inverters 3U, 3V, 3W can be made to match.
- Three-phase AC power from AC power supply 1 is supplied to R-phase converter 2R, S-phase converter 2S and T-phase converter 2T through R-phase line RL, S-phase line SL and T-phase line TL, respectively.
- the R-phase converter 2R, the S-phase converter 2S and the T-phase converter 2T constitute a three-phase converter.
- the three-phase converter converts three-phase AC power supplied from AC power supply 1 into DC power, and generates U-phase inverter 3 U, V-phase inverter 3 V and W via DC positive bus, DC negative bus and DC neutral bus. It supplies to phase inverter 3W, respectively.
- U-phase inverter 3U, V-phase inverter 3V and W-phase inverter 3W constitute a three-phase inverter.
- the three-phase inverter converts DC power supplied via a DC positive bus, a DC negative bus and a DC neutral bus into three-phase AC power.
- Three-phase AC power generated by the three-phase inverter is supplied to load 4 via U-phase line UL, V-phase line VL and W-phase line WL.
- bidirectional chopper 5 steps down DC voltage between DC buses PL4 and CL4 and DC voltage between DC buses CL4 and NL4 to generate DC power.
- the DC power supply 6 is charged by being supplied to 6.
- bidirectional chopper 5 boosts the voltage across terminals of DC power supply 6 to connect DC buses PL4, CL4 and DC buses CL4, NL4.
- the DC power supply 6 is discharged by supplying each of them.
- Control circuit 7 includes a three-phase AC voltage supplied from AC power supply 1, a DC voltage of each of DC buses PL4, NL4 and CL4, a voltage between terminals of DC power supply 6, a three-phase inverter (single phase inverter 3U, 3V, 3W Three-phase converter (single-phase converter 2R, 2S, 2T), three-phase inverter (single-phase inverter 3U) on the basis of the three-phase AC voltage output from , 3V, 3W) and the operation of the bidirectional chopper 5 are controlled.
- Power converter 100 further includes fuses FR, FS, FT, FP1, FP2, FP3, FN1, FN2, FN3, FC1, FC2, and FC3.
- Fuse FR is electrically connected between R-phase converter 2R and DC neutral point bus CL1. Specifically, fuse FR has one terminal connected to the DC terminal of R-phase converter 2R and the other terminal connected to the connection point of capacitors C1R and C2R. Fuse FR is melted when an overcurrent flows between R-phase line RL and DC neutral point bus CL1. Fuse FS is electrically connected between S-phase converter 2S and DC neutral point bus CL2. Specifically, fuse FS has one terminal connected to the DC terminal of S-phase converter 2S, and the other terminal connected to the connection point of capacitors C1S and C2S. Fuse FS is melted when an overcurrent flows between S-phase line SL and DC neutral point bus CL2.
- Fuse FT is electrically connected between T-phase converter 2T and DC neutral point bus CL3. Specifically, fuse FT has one terminal connected to the DC terminal of T-phase converter 2T, and the other terminal connected to the connection point between capacitors C1T and C2T. Fuse FT is fused when an overcurrent flows between T-phase line TL and DC neutral point bus CL3.
- Fuse FP1 is electrically connected between DC positive bus PL1 and U-phase inverter 3U. Specifically, fuse FP1 has one terminal connected to the DC terminal of U-phase inverter 3U and the other terminal connected to the positive electrode of capacitor C1U. Fuse FP1 is fused when an overcurrent flows between DC positive bus PL1 and U-phase inverter 3U. Fuse FN1 is electrically connected between DC negative bus NL1 and U-phase inverter 3U. Specifically, fuse FN1 has one terminal connected to the DC terminal of U-phase inverter 3U and the other terminal connected to the negative electrode of capacitor C2U. Fuse FN1 is fused when an overcurrent flows between DC negative bus NL1 and U-phase inverter 3U.
- Fuse FC1 is electrically connected between DC neutral point bus CL1 and U-phase inverter 3U. Specifically, fuse FC1 has one terminal connected to the DC terminal of U-phase inverter 3U and the other terminal connected to the connection point of capacitors C1U and C2U. Fuse FC1 is fused when an overcurrent flows between DC neutral point bus CL1 and U-phase inverter 3U.
- Fuse FP2 is connected between DC positive bus PL2 and V-phase inverter 3V. Specifically, one terminal of the fuse FP2 is connected to the DC terminal of the V-phase inverter 3V, and the other terminal is connected to the positive electrode of the capacitor C1V. Fuse FP2 is fused when an overcurrent flows between DC positive bus PL2 and V-phase inverter 3V. Fuse FN2 is electrically connected between DC negative bus NL2 and V-phase inverter 3V. Specifically, fuse FN2 has one terminal connected to the DC terminal of V-phase inverter 3V and the other terminal connected to the negative electrode of capacitor C2V.
- Fuse FN2 is fused when an overcurrent flows between DC negative bus NL2 and V-phase inverter 3V.
- Fuse FC2 is electrically connected between DC neutral point bus CL2 and V-phase inverter 3V.
- fuse FC2 has one terminal connected to the DC terminal of V-phase inverter 3V, and the other terminal connected to the connection point of capacitors C1V and C2V.
- Fuse FC2 is fused when an overcurrent flows between DC neutral point bus CL2 and V-phase inverter 3V.
- the fuse FP3 is connected between the DC positive bus PL3 and the W-phase inverter 3W. Specifically, in the fuse FP3, one terminal is connected to the DC terminal of the W-phase inverter 3W, and the other terminal is connected to the positive electrode of the capacitor C1W. Fuse FP3 is fused when an overcurrent flows between DC positive bus PL3 and W-phase inverter 3W. Fuse FN3 is electrically connected between DC negative bus NL3 and W-phase inverter 3W. Specifically, fuse FN3 has one terminal connected to the DC terminal of W-phase inverter 3W and the other terminal connected to the negative electrode of capacitor C2W.
- Fuse FN3 is fused when an overcurrent flows between DC negative bus NL3 and W-phase inverter 3W.
- Fuse FC3 is electrically connected between DC neutral point bus CL3 and W-phase inverter 3W.
- fuse FC3 has one terminal connected to the DC terminal of W-phase inverter 3W, and the other terminal connected to the connection point of capacitors C1W and C2W.
- Fuse FC3 is fused when an overcurrent flows between DC neutral point bus CL3 and W-phase inverter 3W.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram for explaining a configuration example of single phase converters 2R, 2S, 2T and single phase inverters 3U, 3V, 3W shown in FIG.
- R-phase converter 2R includes an IGBT element Q1R and diodes D1R to D6R.
- S-phase converter 2S includes an IGBT element Q1S and diodes D1S to D6S.
- T-phase converter 2T includes an IGBT element Q1T and diodes D1T to D6T.
- U-phase inverter 3U includes IGBT elements Q1U-Q4U and diodes D1U-D4U.
- V-phase inverter 3V includes IGBT elements Q1V to Q4V and diodes D1V to D4V.
- W-phase inverter 3W includes IGBT elements Q1W-Q4W and diodes D1W-D4W.
- Single-phase converter 2x is a diode rectifier having a neutral point switch.
- single-phase converter 2x includes a bridge circuit (diode bridge) formed of diodes D3x to D6x, an IGBT element Q1x, and diodes D1x and D2x.
- the cathode of diode D1x is connected to DC positive bus PLi, and the anode is connected to x phase line xL.
- the cathode of diode D2x is connected to x phase line xL, and the anode is connected to DC negative bus NLi.
- the anode of diode D3x and the cathode of diode D4x are connected to x phase line xL, and the anode of diode D5x and the cathode of diode D6x are connected to DC neutral point bus CLi.
- the emitter of IGBT element Q1x is connected to the cathode of diode D3x and the cathode of diode D5x, and the collector is connected to the anode of diode D4x and the anode of diode D6x.
- the diodes D1x and D2x constitute a diode rectifier.
- the diode bridge and the IGBT element Q1x constitute an AC switch.
- the AC switch functions as a neutral point switch.
- the IGBT element Q1x is turned on / off in synchronization with the three-phase AC voltage from the AC power supply 1.
- the alternating current switch corresponds to an example of the “first alternating current switch”.
- the first alternating current switch is electrically connected between the x phase line xL and the DC neutral point bus bar CLi, and configured to electrically connect or disconnect the x phase line xL and the DC neutral point bus bar CLi Be done. That is, the first AC switch functions as a "neutral point switch".
- a fuse Fx is electrically connected between the first AC switch (neutral point switch) and the DC neutral point bus CLi.
- the fuse Fx corresponds to an example of the “first fuse”.
- the fuse Fx is connected between the first AC switch and a connection point of the capacitors C1x and C2x connected in series.
- the emitter of IGBT element Q1y is connected to y phase line yL, and the collector is connected to DC positive bus PLi.
- the collector of IGBT element Q2y is connected to y-phase line yL, and the emitter is connected to DC negative bus NLi.
- the emitter of IGBT element Q3y is connected to y-phase line yL, and the collector is connected to the collector of IGBT element Q4y.
- the emitter of IGBT element Q4y is connected to DC neutral point bus CLi.
- the diodes D1y and D2y function as freewheeling diodes, and the diodes D3y and D4y function as clamp diodes.
- the IGBT elements Q3y and Q4y and the diodes D3y and D4y constitute an AC switch.
- the alternating current switch corresponds to an example of the “second alternating current switch”.
- the fuse FP is connected between the collector of the IGBT element Q1y and the positive electrode of the capacitor C1y.
- Fuse FN is connected between the emitter of IGBT element Q2y and the negative electrode of capacitor C2y.
- the fuse FC is connected between the AC switch and the connection point of the capacitors C1y and C2y.
- FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram showing the relationship between R-phase voltage VR and the on / off of IGBT element Q1R.
- FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing the operation of the R-phase converter.
- the reference signals .phi.1R and .phi.2R are triangular signals synchronized with the R phase voltage VR and having a frequency five times that of the R phase voltage VR.
- Reference signal ⁇ 2R is a triangular wave signal in phase with reference signal ⁇ 1R.
- IGBT element Q1R is turned on.
- voltage VIR at the connection point between R-phase line RL and R-phase converter 2R is equal to the voltage (neutral point voltage Vc) of DC neutral point bus CL1.
- the R phase voltage VR is a negative voltage (periods t6, t8 and t10), as shown in FIG. 4D, the DC neutral point bus CL1 to the diode D5R, the IGBT element Q1R and the diode D4R A current flows through the R phase line RL. Therefore, voltage VIR at the connection point between R-phase line RL and R-phase converter 2R is equal to the voltage (neutral point voltage Vc) of DC neutral point bus CL1.
- the IGBT element Q1R is turned off during a period (t2, t4, t12, t14) in which the R-phase voltage VR is positive and the level of the R-phase voltage VR is higher than the levels of the reference signals ⁇ 1R and ⁇ 2R.
- a current flows from the R-phase line RL to the DC positive bus PL1 via the diode D1R. Therefore, voltage VIR at the connection point between R-phase line RL and R-phase converter 2R is equal to the voltage (positive voltage Vp) of DC positive bus PL1.
- the IGBT element Q1R is subjected to PWM control, and turned on / off at predetermined timing in synchronization with the R-phase voltage from the AC power supply 1.
- the R-phase converter 2R generates a positive voltage Vp, a neutral point voltage Vc and a negative voltage Vn as DC voltages based on the R-phase voltage. That is, R-phase converter 2R constitutes a three-level converter.
- the S-phase and T-phase circuits operate in the same manner as the R-phase circuits.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a case where the IGBT element Q1R breaks down and enters a short circuit state while the IGBT element Q1S is on.
- a short circuit current flows from the R phase line RL to the S phase line SL through the diode D3R, the IGBT element Q1R, the wiring WC2, the diode D5S, and the IGBT element Q1S.
- the fuses FR and FS are blown.
- the R phase and the V phase are described as an example, but the same applies to the W phase.
- FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram showing the relationship between U-phase voltage VU and on / off of IGBT elements Q1U to Q4U.
- U-phase voltage VU is a target voltage of the voltage output from the U-phase line, which is calculated based on the power input from AC power supply 1 to power conversion device 100 in control circuit 7.
- the magnitudes of U-phase voltage VU and reference signals ⁇ 1U and ⁇ 2U are compared, and the combination of on / off of IGBT elements Q1U to Q4U is determined based on the comparison result.
- VOU voltage at the connection point between U-phase line UL and U-phase inverter 3U
- the potentials of DC buses PL1, NL1 and CL1 are Vp, Vc and Vn
- voltage VOU has voltages Vp, Vc, It is determined to be one of Vn.
- Reference signals .phi.1U and .phi.2U are triangular signals synchronized with U-phase voltage VU and having a frequency five times that of U-phase voltage VU.
- Reference signal ⁇ 2U is a triangular wave signal in phase with reference signal ⁇ 1U.
- V-phase and W-phase inverters 3V and 3W operate similarly to U-phase inverter 3U.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a case where the IGBT element Q4U breaks down to be in a short circuit state while the IGBT elements Q1U and Q3V are on.
- a short circuit current from the U phase line UL to the V phase line VL through the diode D3U, the IGBT element Q4U, the wiring WC1, the diode D4V, and the IGBT element Q3V.
- Flows and fuses FC1 and FC2 are melted.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a case where the IGBT element Q3U breaks down to be in a short circuit state while the IGBT elements Q2U and Q4V are on.
- a short circuit from V phase line VL to diode D3V, IGBT element Q4V, interconnection WC1, diode D4U and IGBT element Q3U to U phase line UL A current flows to blow the fuses FC2 and FC1.
- FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram illustrating the configuration of a power conversion device 1000 according to a comparative example.
- the power conversion device 1000 according to the comparative example corresponds to the power conversion device shown in Patent Document 1 described above.
- the power conversion device 1000 according to the comparative example has the same basic structure as the power conversion device 100 according to the present embodiment shown in FIG. Are different.
- power conversion device 1000 includes one converter unit Ua connected between AC power supply 1 and load 4 (both not shown).
- Converter unit U includes a three-phase converter 2a, a three-phase inverter 3, a DC positive bus PL, a DC negative bus NL, and a DC neutral bus CL.
- Three-phase converter 2a is configured by connecting R-phase converter 2Ra, S-phase converter 2Sa and T-phase converter 2Ta in parallel between DC positive bus PL and DC negative bus NL.
- the configuration of single phase converters 2Ra, 2Sa, 2Ta is such that the input / output relationship is reversed with that of single phase inverters 3U, 3V, 3W. The details will be described below.
- R-phase converter 2Ra includes IGBT elements Q1R to Q4R and diodes D1R to D4R.
- S-phase converter 2Sa includes IGBT elements Q1S-Q4S and diodes D1S-D4S.
- T-phase converter 2Ta includes IGBT elements Q1T-Q4T and diodes D1T-D4T.
- the emitter of IGBT element Q1xa is connected to xa phase line xaL, and the collector is connected to DC positive bus PLi.
- the collector of IGBT element Q2xa is connected to xa phase line xaL, and the emitter is connected to DC negative bus NLi.
- the emitter of IGBT element Q3xa is connected to xa phase line xaL, and its collector is connected to the collector of IGBT element Q4xa.
- the emitter of IGBT element Q4xa is connected to DC neutral point bus CLi.
- the diodes D1xa and D2xa function as freewheeling diodes, and the diodes D3xa and D4xa function as clamp diodes.
- the IGBT elements Q3xa and Q4xa and the diodes D3xa and D4xa constitute an AC switch. In this configuration, the DC neutral point bus of each phase converter is commonly connected to the DC neutral point bus CL.
- Three-phase inverter 3 is configured by connecting U-phase inverter 3U, V-phase inverter 3V and W-phase inverter 3W shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in parallel between DC positive bus PL and DC negative bus NL. Ru. In this configuration, the DC neutral point bus of each phase inverter is commonly connected to the DC neutral point bus CL.
- the operation of the three-phase inverter 3 is substantially the same as the operation of the single-phase inverters 3U, 3V, 3W described in FIG.
- the operation of the three-phase converter 2a is such that the operation and the input / output relationship of the single-phase inverters 3U, 3V, 3W are reversed.
- the power conversion device 1000 further includes fuses F1R to F3R, F1S to F3S, F1T to F3T, F1U to F3U, F1V to F3V, and F1W to F3W.
- the codes R, S, T, U, V, and W are collectively shown as a code "z" in order to describe the configurations of these fuses collectively.
- Fuse F1z is connected between the collector of IGBT element Q1z and DC positive bus PL.
- the collector of IGBT element Q1z is connected to the positive electrode of capacitor C1z. Therefore, fuse F1z is connected between the connection point of IGBT element Q1z and capacitor C1 and DC positive bus PL.
- Fuse F2z is connected between the emitter of IGBT element Q2z and DC negative bus NL.
- the emitter of the IGBT element Q2z is connected to the negative electrode of the capacitor C2z. Therefore, fuse F2z is connected between the connection point of IGBT element Q2z and capacitor C2 and DC negative bus NL.
- Fuse F3z is connected between the emitter of IGBT element Q4z and DC neutral point bus CLz.
- the collector of IGBT element Q4z is connected to the connection point of capacitors C1z and C2z. Therefore, fuse F3z is connected between the connection point of capacitors C1z and C2z and DC neutral point bus CLzL
- each of the fuses F1z, F2z, F3z is connected between the connection point of the IGBT element and the capacitor and the DC bus.
- the fuse is connected between the IGBT element and the capacitor.
- a short circuit current flows from the positive electrode of the capacitor C1S to the negative electrode of the capacitor C1S through the fuse F1S, F1R, the IGBT element Q1R, the IGBT element Q1R, the diode D3R, the IGBT element Q4R, and the fuses F3R and F3S. , F1R, F3R, and F3S are melted down.
- power conversion apparatus 1000 nine fuses, nine in total, are used for each of three-phase inverter 3 and three-phase converter 2a. Therefore, there is concern that the size and cost of the power conversion device may be increased. In addition, when the number of fuses increases, the total power loss in all the fuses may increase during the operation of the power converter, which may reduce the efficiency of the power converter.
- each of single-phase converters 2R, 2S, 2T is configured by a diode rectifier having a neutral point switch (first AC switch). There is.
- the IGBT element is more likely to cause a short circuit due to an erroneous switching operation or the like than a diode which does not require the switching operation.
- a diode rectifier having a neutral point switch even though it is a three-level converter, the number of IGBT elements that are likely to be shorted compared to diodes is reduced to one, making shorting less likely to occur. Therefore, by using a diode rectifier having a neutral point switch as a converter, the fuse arranged between one terminal of the IGBT element and the DC positive bus in the comparative example, and one terminal of the IGBT element and the DC negative bus This eliminates the need for the fuses placed between them.
- the number of fuses for a three level converter can be reduced to three.
- a total of 12 fuses of three for the three-level converter and nine for the three-level inverter correspond to the short circuit of all the switching elements of the power conversion device. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of current or overvoltage.
- power conversion device 100 According to power conversion device 100 according to the present embodiment, downsizing and cost reduction of the power conversion device can be realized while suppressing the occurrence of overcurrent or overvoltage. That is, it is possible to provide a power converter capable of realizing the prevention of an overcurrent and an overvoltage with a simple configuration.
- FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram for explaining the configuration of a power conversion device 101 according to a modification of the embodiment of the present invention.
- a power conversion device 101 according to this modification basically includes power conversion device 100 according to the present embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a main circuit structure of a converter and an inverter, and a basic formed of a converter and an inverter. The structure is the same but the configuration of the transducer unit is different.
- power conversion device 101 includes one converter unit Ub connected between AC power supply 1 and load 4 (both not shown).
- Converter unit Ub includes a three-phase converter 2, a three-phase inverter 3, a DC positive bus PL, a DC negative bus NL, and a DC neutral bus CL.
- Three-phase converter 2 is configured by connecting R-phase converter 2R, S-phase converter 2S and T-phase converter 2T shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in parallel between DC positive bus PL and DC negative bus NL. Ru.
- the DC neutral point bus of each phase converter is commonly connected to the DC neutral point bus CL.
- Three-phase inverter 3 is configured by connecting U-phase inverter 3U, V-phase inverter 3V and W-phase inverter 3W shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in parallel between DC positive bus PL and DC negative bus NL. Ru.
- the DC neutral point bus of each phase inverter is commonly connected to the DC neutral point bus CL.
- the operations of three-phase converter 2 and three-phase inverter 3 are substantially the same as the operations of single-phase converters 2R, 2S, 2T and single-phase inverters 3U, 3V, 3W described in FIGS. 3 and 6, respectively. is there.
- the total number of the fuses FR, FS, FT, FP1, FP2, FP3, FN1, FN2, FN3, FC1, FC2, and FC3, the insertion position and the function thereof are the embodiments described above. Are the same as in the power converter 100 according to FIG.
- a fuse is connected between the IGBT element and the capacitor.
- generation of overcurrent and overvoltage is more reliably prevented as compared with power conversion device 1000 (FIG. 9) according to the comparative example in which a fuse is connected between the connection point of the IGBT element and the capacitor and the DC bus. Can.
- FIG. 11 shows a case where IGBT device Q1S of three-phase converter 2a fails and is in a short circuit state in power conversion device 1000 according to the comparative example shown in FIG.
- IGBT element Q4S when IGBT element Q4S is turned on, as shown by the arrow in the figure, a short circuit from the positive electrode of capacitor C1S to the negative electrode of capacitor C1S through IGBT element Q1S, diode D3S and IGBT element Q4S A current will flow.
- the path can not be interrupted. Such a problem can also occur when the IGBT element of the three-phase inverter 3 fails and becomes a short circuit state.
- three-phase converter 2 (R-phase converter 2R, S-phase converter 2S, T-phase converter 2T) corresponds to an example of the "converter” in the present invention.
- DC positive buses PL1, PL2, PL3, PL correspond to "DC positive bus” in the present invention
- DC negative buses NL1, NL2, NL3, NL correspond to "DC negative bus” in the present invention
- the buses CL1, CL2, CL3, and CL correspond to the "DC neutral point bus” in the present invention.
- the diode bridge composed of the diodes D3x to D6x and the IGBT element Q1x correspond to an example of the "first AC switch" in the present invention.
- the fuses FR, FS, FT correspond to the "first fuse” in the present invention.
- Three-phase inverter 3 (U-phase inverter 3U, V-phase inverter 3V, W-phase inverter 3W) corresponds to an example of "inverter” in the present invention.
- Fuses FP1, FP2 and FP3 correspond to the "second fuse” in the present invention
- fuses FN1, FN2 and FN3 correspond to the "third fuse” in the present invention
- fuses FC1, FC2 and FC3 in the present invention Corresponds to the "fourth fuse”.
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Abstract
Description
交流電源1からの三相交流電力は、R相ラインRL、S相ラインSLおよびT相ラインTLを介してR相コンバータ2R、S相コンバータ2SおよびT相コンバータ2Tにそれぞれ供給される。R相コンバータ2R、S相コンバータ2SおよびT相コンバータ2Tは三相コンバータを構成する。三相コンバータは、交流電源1から供給される三相交流電力を直流電力に変換し、直流正母線、直流負母線および直流中性点母線を介してU相インバータ3U、V相インバータ3VおよびW相インバータ3Wにそれぞれ供給する。
図6は、U相電圧VUとIGBT素子Q1U~Q4Uのオンオフとの関係を示す波形図である。U相電圧VUは、制御回路7において交流電源1から電力変換装置100に入力される電力を基に計算される、U相ラインから出力される電圧の目標電圧である。U相電圧VUと参照信号φ1U,φ2Uとの高低が比較され、その比較結果に基づいてIGBT素子Q1U~Q4Uのオンオフの組合せが決定される。その結果、U相ラインULとU相インバータ3Uとの接続点の電圧をVOU、直流母線PL1,NL1、CL1の各々の電位をVp,Vc,Vnとすると、電圧VOUは、電圧Vp,Vc,Vnのいずれかに決定される。
次に、比較例による電力変換装置と対比しながら、本実施の形態による電力変換装置の作用効果について説明する。
図10は、本発明の実施の形態の変形例による電力変換装置101の構成を説明する回路図である。本変形例による電力変換装置101は、基本的に図1および図2に示した本実施の形態による電力変換装置100と、コンバータおよびインバータの主回路構造、および、コンバータおよびインバータで構成される基本構造は同じであるが、変換器ユニットの構成が異なっている。
Claims (4)
- 直流正母線、直流負母線および直流中性点母線と、
交流電源と、前記直流正母線、前記直流負母線および前記直流中性点母線との間に接続され、前記交流電源から供給される交流電圧を直流電圧に変換するコンバータと、
前記直流正母線と前記直流中性点母線との間に接続される第1のコンデンサと、
前記直流中性点母線と前記直流負母線との間に接続される第2のコンデンサとを備え、
前記コンバータは、
前記交流電源と前記直流正母線および前記直流負母線との間に接続されるダイオード整流器と、
前記交流電源と前記直流中性点母線との間に電気的に接続される第1の交流スイッチとを含み、
前記第1の交流スイッチと前記第1および第2のコンデンサの接続点との間に電気的に接続される第1のヒューズをさらに備える、電力変換装置。 - 前記コンバータは、前記交流電源から供給される三相交流電圧を直流電圧に変換するように構成され、
前記第1の交流スイッチおよび前記第1のヒューズは、前記三相交流電圧の各相電圧の交流ラインと前記第1および第2のコンデンサの接続点との間に電気的に直列に接続される、請求項1に記載の電力変換装置。 - 前記第1の交流スイッチは、ダイオードブリッジおよび単一の半導体スイッチング素子を有する、請求項1または2に記載の電力変換装置。
- 前記直流正母線、前記直流負母線および前記直流中性点母線と負荷との間に接続され、直流電圧を交流電圧に変換して前記負荷に供給するインバータをさらに備え、
前記インバータは、
前記直流正母線と前記負荷との間に電気的に接続される第1の半導体スイッチング素子と、
前記直流負母線と前記負荷との間に電気的に接続される第2の半導体スイッチング素子と、
前記直流中性点母線と前記負荷との間に電気的に接続される第2の交流スイッチと、
前記直流正母線と前記直流中性点母線との間に接続される第3のコンデンサと、
前記直流中性点母線と前記直流負母線との間に接続される第4のコンデンサとを含み、
前記第3のコンデンサと前記第1の半導体スイッチング素子との間に接続される第2のヒューズと、
前記第4のコンデンサと前記第2の半導体スイッチング素子との間に接続される第3のヒューズと、
前記第3および第4のコンデンサの接続点と前記第2の交流スイッチとの間に接続される第4のヒューズとをさらに備える、請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の電力変換装置。
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EP17929878.1A EP3703240A4 (en) | 2017-10-25 | 2017-10-25 | POWER CONVERSION DEVICE |
KR1020207014648A KR102419754B1 (ko) | 2017-10-25 | 2017-10-25 | 전력 변환 장치 |
PCT/JP2017/038487 WO2019082297A1 (ja) | 2017-10-25 | 2017-10-25 | 電力変換装置 |
JP2019549738A JP6706395B2 (ja) | 2017-10-25 | 2017-10-25 | 電力変換装置 |
US16/755,762 US11196352B2 (en) | 2017-10-25 | 2017-10-25 | Power conversion device |
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JP2000308361A (ja) * | 1999-04-19 | 2000-11-02 | Hitachi Ltd | 中性点クランプ型電力変換装置 |
WO2010095241A1 (ja) | 2009-02-20 | 2010-08-26 | 東芝三菱電機産業システム株式会社 | 電力変換装置 |
JP2012019647A (ja) * | 2010-07-09 | 2012-01-26 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 電源装置 |
JP2017022815A (ja) * | 2015-07-08 | 2017-01-26 | 東芝三菱電機産業システム株式会社 | 電力変換システム |
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JP6706395B2 (ja) | 2020-06-03 |
US11196352B2 (en) | 2021-12-07 |
KR20200078562A (ko) | 2020-07-01 |
EP3703240A4 (en) | 2021-06-02 |
EP3703240A1 (en) | 2020-09-02 |
CN111264023B (zh) | 2023-10-31 |
KR102419754B1 (ko) | 2022-07-11 |
CN111264023A (zh) | 2020-06-09 |
JPWO2019082297A1 (ja) | 2020-02-06 |
US20200280265A1 (en) | 2020-09-03 |
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