WO2019011269A1 - 诱导式溃缩吸能装置和电动汽车的高压配电箱的支架 - Google Patents

诱导式溃缩吸能装置和电动汽车的高压配电箱的支架 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019011269A1
WO2019011269A1 PCT/CN2018/095253 CN2018095253W WO2019011269A1 WO 2019011269 A1 WO2019011269 A1 WO 2019011269A1 CN 2018095253 W CN2018095253 W CN 2018095253W WO 2019011269 A1 WO2019011269 A1 WO 2019011269A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
crushing member
crushing
energy absorbing
absorbing device
induced
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2018/095253
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘建
尹长久
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上海蔚来汽车有限公司
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Application filed by 上海蔚来汽车有限公司 filed Critical 上海蔚来汽车有限公司
Publication of WO2019011269A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019011269A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of crushing and energy absorbing, and particularly provides an inductive crushing and energy absorbing device and a bracket of an electric vehicle high voltage distribution box.
  • Electric vehicle high voltage distribution boxes are usually placed in the front compartment of an electric vehicle (equivalent to the engine compartment of a fuel vehicle).
  • the front cabin may be deformed by force, which may cause the PDU (moving) to collide with other components in the front compartment, especially if the PDU is placed in the front position in the front compartment.
  • the front compartment is often provided with a crushing energy absorbing device for fixing the PDU.
  • the collapse energy absorbing device can bend and deform in a preset direction, thereby avoiding collision of the PDU with other components.
  • the collapse energy absorbing device for fixing the PDU is usually directly bent and deformed when the electric vehicle collides, and cannot meet the requirement that the PDU slides in the horizontal direction to avoid collision, and the ideal collapse is not achieved. effect.
  • the present invention provides an induced crushing energy absorbing device, the crushing
  • the energy absorbing device includes a first crushing member and a second crushing member, and one end of the second crushing member in the longitudinal direction is connected to one end of the first crushing member in the longitudinal direction, When a crushing member and the second crushing member are mutually pressed by a longitudinal external force, the one end of the second crushing member can be disconnected from the first crushing member and opposed in the longitudinal direction.
  • the first crushing member moves; the limiting member is configured to limit a moving distance of the second crushing member relative to the first crushing member to a preset distance; the first crushing member and At least one of the second crushing members has a curved structure; when the moving distance reaches the predetermined distance, the first crushing member and/or the second crushing member pass the curved structure Bend in the direction of the preset.
  • one of the ends of the first crushing member and the second crushing member connected to each other is a receiving portion having an opening, and the other is accommodated in the Said inside the housing.
  • the crushing and absorbing device further includes a connecting member, and the connecting member is simultaneously disposed on the first crushing member and the second crushing member.
  • the end portion is connected to connect the two, and the connecting direction of the connecting member has an angle with the longitudinal direction.
  • the limiting member comprises a columnar structure and is inserted into the receiving portion.
  • the connecting member and/or the limiting member are rivets or bolts.
  • the receiving portion is a tubular structure or a groove-like structure.
  • At least one of the first crushing member and the second crushing member is made of an aluminum alloy.
  • the present invention also provides a bracket for an electric vehicle high voltage distribution box, the bracket comprising a first beam and a second beam disposed in a front compartment of the electric vehicle, the first beam and the first The length direction of the two beams is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the electric vehicle; and at least one induced crush energy absorbing device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is disposed between the first beam and the second beam.
  • the induced crushing energy absorbing device is used for fixing the electric vehicle high voltage distribution box.
  • a plurality of said induced collapse energy absorbing devices are disposed in parallel with each other.
  • one end of the first crushing member and one end of the second crushing member are connected, and the first crushing member and the second crushing member are subjected to
  • the second crushing member can be disconnected from the first crushing member, and the second crushing member can be moved relative to the first crushing member.
  • the induced collapse energy absorbing device of the present invention can first move in one direction when subjected to an external force, and then bend in a set direction to achieve an ideal collapse effect.
  • the limiting member is disposed on the first crushing member, and when one end of the second crushing member moves relative to the first crushing member to a position opposite to the limiting member, under the further action of the external force, A crushing member and/or a second crushing member is bent in a predetermined direction by the curved structure.
  • the induced collapse energy absorbing device of the present invention When the induced collapse energy absorbing device of the present invention is applied to an electric vehicle, particularly when used to fix a PDU of an electric vehicle, the PDU can be effectively protected. Specifically, when the front side of the electric vehicle collides, the front cabin is deformed by the impact force, thereby causing the induced crushing and energy absorbing device of the present invention to contract in the horizontal direction and then bending downward in the vertical direction. With the shape change of the inductive collapse energy absorbing device of the present invention, the PDU can be moved horizontally backwards for a distance and then sinked to avoid collision of the PDU with other components of the electric vehicle. Therefore, the inductive collapse energy absorbing device of the present invention can achieve an ideal collapse effect when the electric vehicle collides, and effectively protects the PDU of the electric vehicle.
  • both the first crushing member and the second crushing member are made of aluminum alloy, and both the first crushing member and the second crushing member have a tubular structure, thereby ensuring the induced crushing and sucking suction of the present invention.
  • the device can reduce its own weight while achieving the desired crushing effect.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the application of the induced collapse energy absorbing device of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a front elevational view of portion A of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of the induced collapse energy absorbing device of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of the second crushing member when the connecting member is cut
  • Figure 5 is an enlarged view of a portion C of Figure 4.
  • Fig. 6 is a plan view of a portion C in Fig. 4;
  • the terms “installation”, “connected”, and “connected” are to be understood broadly, and may be fixed connection, for example, or It is a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may be internal communication between the two elements.
  • the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood on a case-by-case basis.
  • the crush energy absorbing device of the present invention mainly comprises a first crushing member 1 and a second crushing member 2.
  • the right end of the first crushing member 1 in FIG. 1 is connected to the left end of the second crushing member 2 in FIG. 1, and the first crushing member 1 and the second crushing member 2 may be directly connected. It can also be an indirect connection.
  • the direct connection may be: Example 1, the right end of the first crushing member 1 and the left end of the second crushing member 2 are welded together; and in the second example, the internal thread is provided at the right end of the first crushing member 1, in the first The left end of the second crushing member 2 is provided with an external thread to screw the first crushing member 1 and the second crushing member 2; in the third example, a fitting hole (such as a round hole) is provided at the right end of the first crushing member 1, The left end of the second crushing member 2 is provided with a matching column (such as a cylinder), so that the first crushing member 1 and the second crushing member 2 are connected through the fitting hole and the fitting column.
  • Example 1 the right end of the first crushing member 1 and the left end of the second crushing member 2 are welded together; and in the internal thread is provided at the right end of the first crushing member 1, in the first The left end of the second crushing member 2 is provided with an external thread to screw the first crushing member 1 and the second crushing member 2; in the third example, a fitting hole (such as a round
  • the indirect connection may be that the right end of the first crushing member 1 and the left end of the second crushing member 2 are joined together by bolts or rivets.
  • the receptacle may be a tubular structure, a trough-like structure or any other feasible structure.
  • the crush energy absorbing device of the present invention further includes a limiting member for limiting the distance that the second crushing member 2 moves relative to the first crushing member 1.
  • the limiting member can be disposed on the first crushing member 1 or the second crushing member 2, or the limiting member can also be two split type mating structures, and the two split type mating structures Provided on the first crushing member 1 and the second crushing member 2, respectively, so that when the second crushing member 2 is moved to the end of the stroke relative to the first crushing member 1, the two split fitting structures can mutually resist each other. And thus the relative position of the second crushing member 2 to the first crushing member 1 is restricted.
  • the limiting member may be a separate component disposed on the first crushing member 1 and/or the second crushing member 2, or may be integrally formed with the first crushing member 1 and/or the second crushing member 2.
  • the first rivet 11 as a stopper shown in FIG. 2 is disposed on the first crushing member 1 at a position close to the right end thereof.
  • At least one of the first crush member 1 and the second crush member 2 has a curved structure (not shown).
  • first beam 4 connected to the left end of the first crushing member 1 and the second beam 5 connected to the right end of the second crushing member 2 are moved toward each other, that is, the first crushing member 1 and the second crushing member 2
  • the connection between the right end of the first crushing member 1 and the left end of the second crushing member 2 is broken, and the second crushing member 2 can Moving in the longitudinal direction of the first crushing member 1 until the left end of the second crushing member 2 abuts against the stopper.
  • the first crushing member 1 and/or the second crushing member 2 can be bent in a predetermined direction (e.g., vertically downward) by the curved structure.
  • the first crushing member 1 and the second crushing member 2 preferably both have a tubular structure, and the first crushing member 1 and the second crushing member 2 are both extruded by an aluminum alloy.
  • the process is molded to reduce the mass of the first crushing member 1 and the second crushing member 2 as much as possible while ensuring the strength of the first crushing member 1 and the second crushing member 2.
  • the first crushing member 1 and the second crushing member 2 may be tubular structures of any other shape, such as a cylindrical tubular structure, in addition to the rectangular tubular structure shown in the drawings.
  • the shrinkage member 2 is provided in a groove-like structure having a U-shaped or C-shaped cross section, or the first crushing member 1 and the second crushing member 2 are provided as an integrally die-cast, elongated steel sheet.
  • the second crushing member 2 is inserted into the first crushing member 1 and fixedly connected by the second rivet 3.
  • the right end of the first crushing member 1 and the left end of the second crushing member 2 are respectively provided with a first through hole (not shown) and a second through hole (not shown) when the second crushing
  • the first through hole and the second through hole can be aligned with each other, and the second rivet 3 can be inserted into the first through hole and the second through hole.
  • the first crushing member 1 and the second crushing member 2 are riveted together.
  • the second rivet 3 can be the first crushing member 1 and the second crushing member 2 The shearing force between them is cut, and the second crushing member 2 can be moved to the left in the first crushing member 1 in the horizontal direction in Fig. 2 .
  • the first crushing member 1 and the second crushing member 2 It is also possible to connect by other connection means, for example, to connect the first crushing member 1 and the second crushing member 2 together by spot welding.
  • the first rivet 11 as a limiting member is disposed at the right end of the first crushing member 1 for the first crushing member 1 and the second crushing member.
  • the connection is disconnected, the distance that the second crushing member 2 is moved to the left is restricted, so that the second crushing member 2 moves relative to the first crushing member 1 within a preset distance.
  • the right end of the first crushing member 1 is provided with two through holes through which the two first rivets 11 are riveted together with the first crushing member 1.
  • those skilled in the art can also appropriately adjust the number of the first rivets 11 under the premise of ensuring the strength of the limiting members, so as to be suitable for specific applications.
  • a person skilled in the art can also use other structural forms of the limiting member (for example, a columnar structure) as needed, and set it to the right end position of the first crushing member 1. Or the person skilled in the art can also arrange the limiting member and the first crushing member 1 as a whole.
  • the first crushing member 1 is provided with a curved structure 12 at a position close to the first rivet 11 for pre-compressing the first crushing member 1 in the longitudinal direction.
  • the value is bent in the set direction (downward as shown in Fig. 4).
  • a person skilled in the art can also provide a corresponding curved structure on the second crushing member 2 as needed, so that the second crushing member 2 can also be bent and deformed in a set direction when subjected to a force. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that when the first beam 4 at the left end of FIG. 4 and the second beam 5 at the right end of FIG. 4 are pressed against each other, the first crushing member 1 is set along the curved structure 12 The process of bending and deforming in the direction can absorb the energy generated by the collision process.
  • the present invention further provides a bracket for an electric vehicle high-voltage distribution box, the bracket comprising a first beam 4, a second beam 5, and the induced crushing energy absorbing device, the first beam 4 is located at the front of the front compartment of the electric vehicle, the second beam 5 is located at the rear of the front compartment of the electric vehicle, and the longitudinal direction of the first beam 4 and the second beam 5 is parallel to the width direction of the electric vehicle.
  • the first beam 4 and the second beam 5 can be used to fix or install other components such as an air conditioner controller, a motor controller, a vehicle controller, and the like of an electric vehicle.
  • first crush member 1 is bolted to the first beam 4 and the second crush member 2 is bolted to the second beam 5.
  • a PDU (not shown) of the electric vehicle is fixed to the two induced crush energy absorbing devices (e.g., the first crushing member 1) shown in Fig. 1.
  • the induced crushing and energy absorbing device of the present invention can make the PDU of the electric vehicle move backward in the horizontal direction first, and then move downward in the vertical direction, thereby avoiding the occurrence of the electric vehicle.
  • the PDU collides with the front part that is deformed by the collision and the upper part is damaged.
  • the induced crush energy absorbing device of the present invention is not limited to one embodiment of the above-mentioned application for fixing a PDU on an electric vehicle, and the induced crush energy absorbing device of the present invention can also be Apply to any device that requires collapsing and is selectively used or not used to secure other devices.
  • the induced crushing energy absorbing device of the present invention receives the external force of pressing the first crushing member 1 and the second crushing member 2, and the external force reaches a preset value.
  • the connection between the first crushing member 1 and the second crushing member 2 is broken, one end of the second crushing member 2 is moved relative to the first crushing member 1 in the longitudinal direction of the first crushing member 1 until It abuts against the first rivet 11 on the first crushing member 1.
  • the first crushing member 1 is bent in the predetermined direction by the curved structure 12. Therefore, the induced collapse energy absorbing device of the present invention can first move in one direction when subjected to an external force, and then bend in a set direction, thereby achieving an ideal collapse effect.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明属于溃缩吸能领域，具体提供一种诱导式溃缩吸能装置和电动汽车高压配电箱的支架。本发明旨在解决现有技术中车身上的溃缩结构难以达到理想溃缩效果的问题。为此目的，本发明的诱导式溃缩吸能装置包括通过连接件连接到一起的第一溃缩件和第二溃缩件，并且在第一溃缩件靠近第二溃缩件的一端处设置有限位件，第一溃缩件和第二溃缩件中的至少一个具有弯曲结构。在第一溃缩件和第二溃缩件受力相互挤压时，第二溃缩件的一端能够断开与第一溃缩件的连接，并沿第一溃缩件的纵向方向移动至与限位件相抵的位置，进而第一溃缩件和/或第二溃缩件通过弯曲结构朝预设的方向弯曲。因此，本发明的诱导式溃缩吸能装置在受外力作用时能够达到理想的溃缩效果。

Description

诱导式溃缩吸能装置和电动汽车的高压配电箱的支架 技术领域
本发明属于溃缩吸能领域，具体提供一种诱导式溃缩吸能装置和电动汽车高压配电箱的支架。
背景技术
电动汽车高压配电箱(PDU)通常被设置在电动气车的前舱(相当于燃油汽车的发动机舱)中。当电动汽车发生正面碰撞时，前舱会受力发生变形，往往会导致PDU(发生移动)与前舱内的其他部件发生碰撞被损坏，尤其是在PDU被布置在前舱内靠前位置的状态下。为了避免PDU在电动汽车发生碰撞时被损坏，前舱内往往设置有溃缩吸能装置，用于固定PDU。在汽车碰撞时，溃缩吸能装置能够沿预设的方向弯曲变形，进而避免了PDU与其他部件发生碰撞。
但是，现有技术中用于固定PDU的溃缩吸能装置通常是在电动汽车发生碰撞时，直接弯曲变形，无法满足PDU在水平方向上滑移避免碰撞的需要，达不到理想的溃缩效果。
相应地，本领域需要一种新的溃缩吸能装置来解决上述问题。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中的上述问题，即为了解决现有技术中车身上的溃缩结构难以达到理想溃缩效果的问题，本发明提供了一种诱导式溃缩吸能装置，所述溃缩吸能装置包括第一溃缩件和第二溃缩件，所述第二溃缩件在纵向方向上的一端与所述第一溃缩件在纵向方向上的一端相连接，在所述第一溃缩件和所述第二溃缩件受纵向外力相互挤压时，所述第二溃缩件的所述一端能够断开与所述第一溃缩件的连接，并沿纵向方向相对所述第一溃缩件移动；限位件，其用于将所述第二溃缩件相对所述第一溃缩件的移动距离限制在预设距离内；所述第一溃缩件和所述第二溃缩件中的至少一个具有弯曲结构；当所述移动距离达到所述预 设距离时，所述第一溃缩件和/或所述第二溃缩件通过所述弯曲结构朝预设的方向弯曲。
在上述导式溃缩吸能装置的优选技术方案中，所述第一溃缩件和所述第二溃缩件彼此连接的端部中，一个为具有开口的容纳部，另一个容纳于所述容纳部内。
在上述导式溃缩吸能装置的优选技术方案中，所述溃缩吸能装置还包括连接件，所述连接件同时穿设于所述第一溃缩件和所述第二溃缩件的所述端部以将两者连接，所述连接件的穿设方向与所述纵向方向之间具有夹角。
在上述导式溃缩吸能装置的优选技术方案中，所述限位件包括柱状结构且插设于所述容纳部中。
在上述导式溃缩吸能装置的优选技术方案中，所述连接件和/或所述限位件为铆钉或螺栓。
在上述导式溃缩吸能装置的优选技术方案中，所述容纳部为管状结构或者槽状结构。
在上述导式溃缩吸能装置的优选技术方案中，所述第一溃缩件和所述第二溃缩件中的至少一个由铝合金制成。
在另一方面，本发明还提供了一种电动汽车高压配电箱的支架，所述支架包括设置到电动汽车前舱内的第一横梁和第二横梁，所述第一横梁和所述第二横梁的长度方向垂直于电动汽车的长度方向；所述第一横梁和所述第二横梁之间设置有至少一个权利要求1至7中任一项所述的诱导式溃缩吸能装置，所述诱导式溃缩吸能装置用于固定所述电动汽车高压配电箱。
在上述支架的优选技术方案中，多个所述诱导式溃缩吸能装置彼此之间平行设置。
本领域技术人员能够理解的是，在本发明的优选技术方案中，将第一溃缩件的一端和第二溃缩件的一端相连接，在第一溃缩件和第二溃缩件受外力相互挤压，且该外力达到预设值时，第二溃缩件能够断开与第一溃缩件的连接，进而第二溃缩件能够相对于第一溃缩件移动。通过在第一溃缩件和/或第二上设置限位件，使得第二溃缩件只能够在预设的距离范围内相对于第一溃缩件移动。通过在第一溃缩件和/或第二溃缩件上设置弯曲结构，使得第二溃缩件相对于第一溃缩件移动至设定距 离的末端时，在该外力进一步的作用下，第一溃缩件和/或第二溃缩件通过弯曲结构朝预设的方向弯曲。因此，本发明的诱导式溃缩吸能装置在受外力作用时能够先沿一个方向移动，然后再沿设定的方向弯曲，能够达到理想的溃缩效果。
优选地，限位件设置到第一溃缩件上，当第二溃缩件的一端相对于第一溃缩件移动至与限位件相抵的位置时，在该外力进一步的作用下，第一溃缩件和/或第二溃缩件通过弯曲结构朝预设的方向弯曲。
当本发明的诱导式溃缩吸能装置被应用到电动汽车上时，尤其是被用于固定电动汽车的PDU时，能够对PDU进行有效地保护。具体地，当电动汽车正面发生碰撞时，前舱受碰撞力作用变形，进而导致本发明的诱导式溃缩吸能装置先水平方向收缩，然后沿竖直方向向下弯曲变形。随着本发明的诱导式溃缩吸能装置的形状变化，PDU能够先水平的向后移动一段距离，然后再向下沉，避免了PDU和电动汽车的其他部件发生碰撞。因此，在电动汽车发生碰撞时，本发明的诱导式溃缩吸能装置能够达到理想的溃缩效果，对电动汽车的PDU起到有效地保护作用。
进一步优选地，第一溃缩件和第二溃缩件都采用铝合金制成，且第一溃缩件和第二溃缩件都具有管状结构，从而保证了本发明的诱导式溃缩吸能装置在能够达到理想的溃缩效果的同时，降低了自身的重量。
附图说明
下面参照附图来描述本发明的优选实施方式，附图中：
图1是本发明的诱导式溃缩吸能装置应用时的示意图；
图2是图1中A部的前视图；
图3是图2中诱导式溃缩吸能装置的沿B-B向的剖视图；
图4是连接件被切断后第二溃缩件溃缩时的示意图；
图5是图4中C部的放大图；
图6是图4中C部的俯视图。
附图标记列表：
1、第一溃缩件；11、第一铆钉；2、第二溃缩件；3、第二铆钉；4、第一横梁；5、第二横梁。
具体实施方式
本领域技术人员应当理解的是，这些实施方式仅仅用于解释本发明的技术原理，并非用于限制本发明的保护范围。例如，虽然附图中的各部件之间是按一定比例关系绘制的，但是这种比例关系并非一成不变，本领域技术人员可以根据需要对其作出调整，以便适应具体的应用场合，调整后的技术方案仍将落入本发明的保护范围。
需要说明的是，在本发明的描述中，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方向或位置关系的术语是基于附图所示的方向或位置关系，这仅仅是为了便于描述，而不是指示或暗示所述装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
此外，还需要说明的是，在本发明的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域技术人员而言，可根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
如图1所示，本发明的溃缩吸能装置主要包括第一溃缩件1和第二溃缩件2。图1中的第一溃缩件1的右端和图1中的第二溃缩件2的左端相连接，并且第一溃缩件1和第二溃缩件2之间既可以是直接连接，也可以是间接连接。其中，直接连接可以是：示例一，将第一溃缩件1的右端和第二溃缩件2的左端焊接在一起；示例二，在第一溃缩件1的右端设置内螺纹，在第二溃缩件2的左端设置外螺纹，使第一溃缩件1和第二溃缩件2螺纹连接；示例三，在第一溃缩件1的右端设置配合孔(如圆孔)，在第二溃缩件2的左端设置配合柱(如圆柱)，使第一溃缩件1和第二溃缩件2通过配合孔和配合柱过盈连接。间接连接可以是：将第一溃缩件1的右端和第二溃缩件2的左端通过螺栓或铆钉连接在一起。为了方便第一溃缩件1和第二溃缩件2的连接，第一溃缩件1和第二溃缩件2彼此连接的端部中，一个为具有开口的容纳部，另一个容纳于容纳部内，该容纳部可以是管状结构、槽状结构或其他任何可行的结 构。在第一溃缩件1和第二溃缩件2受外力相互挤压，且该外力达到预设值时第二溃缩件2能够断开与第一溃缩件1的连接，沿第一溃缩件1的纵向方向发生相对移动。本领域技术人员能够理解的是，该外力的预设值主要取决于第一溃缩件1和第二溃缩件2之间的连接形式，并且该外力的预设值可以通过实验获得。
进一步，本发明的溃缩吸能装置还包括限位件，该限位件用于限制第二溃缩件2相对于第一溃缩件1移动的距离。基于此，该限位件可以被设置在第一溃缩件1或第二溃缩件2上，或者该限位件还可以是两个分体式的配合结构，将两个分体式的配合结构分别设置在第一溃缩件1和第二溃缩件2上，以便在第二溃缩件2相对于第一溃缩件1移动至行程末端时，两个分体式的配合结构能够相互抵触，并因此限制第二溃缩件2与第一溃缩件1的相对位置。限位件既可以是设置在第一溃缩件1和/或第二溃缩件2上的单独零部件，也可以是与第一溃缩件1和/或第二溃缩件2一体成型。示例性地，图2中所示的作为限位件的第一铆钉11被设置在第一溃缩件1上且靠近其右端的位置处。
继续参阅图1，第一溃缩件1和第二溃缩件2中的至少一个具有弯曲结构(图中未标示)。在与第一溃缩件1左端相连接的第一横梁4、与第二溃缩件2右端相连接的第二横梁5相向运动时，即第一溃缩件1和第二溃缩件2在受外力相互挤压时，且该外力达到预设值时，第一溃缩件1的右端和第二溃缩件2的左端之间的连接被断开，进而第二溃缩件2能够沿第一溃缩件1的纵向方向移动，直至第二溃缩件2的左端与限位件相抵。在该外力的进一步作用下，第一溃缩件1和/或第二溃缩件2能够通过弯曲结构朝预设的方向(如竖直向下)弯曲。
如图1至图3所示，第一溃缩件1和第二溃缩件2优选地都具有管状结构，并且第一溃缩件1和第二溃缩件2都采用铝合金的挤出工艺制作成型，以便在保证第一溃缩件1和第二溃缩件2强度的同时，能够尽可能地减少第一溃缩件1和第二溃缩件2的质量。本领域技术人员能够理解的是，除了图中所示的矩形管状结构外，第一溃缩件1和第二溃缩件2还可以是其他任何形状的管状结构，如圆柱形的管状结构。此外本领域技术人员还可以根据需要，将第一溃缩件1和第二溃缩件2选用其他材质、使用其他工艺制作成任何形式的结构，例如将第一溃缩 件1和第二溃缩件2设置成横截面为U形或C形的槽状结构，或者将第一溃缩件1和第二溃缩件2设置成一体压铸成型的、长条形的钢片。
如图2和图3所示，第二溃缩件2插进第一溃缩件1中，并通过第二铆钉3固定连接。具体地，第一溃缩件1的右端和第二溃缩件2的左端分别设置有第一通孔(图中未标示)和第二通孔(图中未标示)，当第二溃缩件2的左端插进第一溃缩件1的右端内时，第一通孔和第二通孔能够相互对准，进而第二铆钉3能够插进第一通孔和第二通孔内，使第一溃缩件1和第二溃缩件2铆接到一起。进一步，当第一溃缩件1和第二溃缩件2受外力相互挤压且该外力达到预设的阈值时，第二铆钉3能够被第一溃缩件1和第二溃缩件2之间的剪切力切断，进而第二溃缩件2能够沿图2中水平方向在第一溃缩件1内向左移动。本领域技术人员能够理解的是，在第一溃缩件1和第二溃缩件2之间受外力相互挤压能够断开连接的情况下，第一溃缩件1和第二溃缩件2还可以采用其他的连接方式进行连接，例如通过点焊的方式将第一溃缩件1和第二溃缩件2连接到一起。
如图1、图2和图6所示，第一溃缩件1的右端处设置有两个作为限位件的第一铆钉11，用于在第一溃缩件1和第二溃缩件2断开连接时，限制第二溃缩件2向左移动的距离，使第二溃缩件2相对于第一溃缩件1在预设距离内移动。具体地，第一溃缩件1的右端设置有两个通孔，两个第一铆钉11穿过该通孔与第一溃缩件1铆接到一起。此外，本领域技术人员还可以在保证限位件强度的前提下，对第一铆钉11的数量进行适当的调整，以便适用具体的应用场合。进一步，本领域技术人员还可以根据需要，使用其他结构形式的限位件(例如柱状结构)，并将之设置到第一溃缩件1的右端位置处。或者本领域技术人员还可以将限位件和第一溃缩件1设置成一个整体。
如图4和图5所示，第一溃缩件1在靠近第一铆钉11的位置处设置有弯曲结构12，用于使第一溃缩件1在受纵向方向上的挤压力达到预设值时沿设定的方向(图4中所示的下方)弯曲变形。此外，本领域技术人员还可以根据需要，在第二溃缩件2上设置相应的弯曲结构，使得第二溃缩件2在受力时也能够沿设定的方向弯曲变形。本领域技术人员能够理解的是，当图4中左端的第一横梁4和图4中右端的第二横 梁5，受碰撞相互挤压时，第一溃缩件1通过弯曲结构12沿设定的方向弯曲变形的过程能够吸收碰撞过程产生的能量。
此外，如图1所示，本发明还提供了一种电动汽车高压配电箱的支架，该支架包括第一横梁4、第二横梁5和上述的诱导式溃缩吸能装置，第一横梁4位于电动汽车前舱的前部，第二横梁5位于电动汽车前舱的后部，并且第一横梁4和第二横梁5的长度方向与电动汽车的宽度方向平行。本领域技术人员能够理解的是，第一横梁4和第二横梁5可用于固定或安装电动汽车的空调控制器、电机控制器、整车控制器等其他零部件。
继续参与图1，第一溃缩件1通过螺栓固定到第一横梁4上，第二溃缩件2通过螺栓固定到第二横梁5上。电动汽车的PDU(图中未示出)被固定到图1中所示的两个诱导式溃缩吸能装置(例如第一溃缩件1)上。
如图4至图6所示，当电动汽车发生正面碰撞时，电动汽车的前舱受力发生变形，使得前舱内部的第一横梁4向后(靠近第二横梁2的方向)移动。在第一横梁4向后移动的过程中，第一溃缩件1和第二溃缩件2受力相互挤压，在该力的作用下，第二铆钉3被相对运动的第一溃缩件1和第二溃缩件2之间的剪切力切断。第一横梁4带动第一溃缩件1继续向后移动，使得第二溃缩件2的左端与两个第一铆钉11相抵。此时，第一溃缩件1在第一横梁4的进一步压缩之下会在弯曲结构12处沿竖直向下的方向(图4的下方)弯曲。因此，在电动汽车发生正面碰撞时，本发明的诱导式溃缩吸能装置能够使电动汽车的PDU先沿水平方向向后移动，然后再沿竖直方向向下移动，从而避免了电动汽车发生正面碰撞时PDU与前方受碰撞变形的部分和上方的零部件发生碰撞被损坏的现象。
此外，本领域技术人员能够理解的是，本发明的诱导式溃缩吸能装置不仅限于上述应用在电动汽车上固定PDU的一种实施方式，本发明的诱导式溃缩吸能装置还可以被应用到任何需要溃缩吸能的设备上，并选择地用于或不用于固定其他装置。
基于上述描述，本领域技术人员能够理解的是，本发明的诱导式溃缩吸能装置在受到挤压第一溃缩件1和第二溃缩件2的外力，且该外力达到预设值时，第一溃缩件1和第二溃缩件2的连接被断开，第 二溃缩件2的一端沿第一溃缩件1的纵向方向相对于第一溃缩件1移动，直至与第一溃缩件1上的第一铆钉11相抵。此时，在该外力进一步的作用下，第一溃缩件1通过弯曲结构12朝预设的方向弯曲。因此，本发明的诱导式溃缩吸能装置在受外力作用时能够先沿一个方向移动，然后再沿设定的方向弯曲，从而能够达到理想的溃缩效果。
至此，已经结合附图所示的优选实施方式描述了本发明的技术方案，但是，本领域技术人员容易理解的是，本发明的保护范围显然不局限于这些具体实施方式。在不偏离本发明的原理的前提下，本领域技术人员可以对相关技术特征作出等同的更改或替换，这些更改或替换之后的技术方案都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种诱导式溃缩吸能装置，其特征在于，所述溃缩吸能装置包括第一溃缩件和第二溃缩件，
    所述第二溃缩件在纵向方向上的一端与所述第一溃缩件在纵向方向上的一端相连接，在所述第一溃缩件和所述第二溃缩件受纵向外力相互挤压时，所述第二溃缩件的所述一端能够断开与所述第一溃缩件的连接，并沿纵向方向相对所述第一溃缩件移动；
    限位件，其用于将所述第二溃缩件相对所述第一溃缩件的移动距离限制在预设距离内；
    所述第一溃缩件和所述第二溃缩件中的至少一个具有弯曲结构；
    当所述移动距离达到所述预设距离时，所述第一溃缩件和/或所述第二溃缩件通过所述弯曲结构朝预设的方向弯曲。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的诱导式溃缩吸能装置，其特征在于，所述第一溃缩件和所述第二溃缩件彼此连接的端部中，一个为具有开口的容纳部，另一个容纳于所述容纳部内。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的诱导式溃缩吸能装置，其特征在于，所述溃缩吸能装置还包括连接件，所述连接件同时穿设于所述第一溃缩件和所述第二溃缩件的所述端部以将两者连接，所述连接件的穿设方向与所述纵向方向之间具有夹角。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的诱导式溃缩吸能装置，其特征在于，所述限位件包括柱状结构且插设于所述容纳部中。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的诱导式溃缩吸能装置，其特征在于，所述连接件和/或所述限位件为铆钉或螺栓。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的诱导式溃缩吸能装置，其特征在于，所述容纳部为管状结构或者槽状结构。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的诱导式溃缩吸能装置，其特征在于，所述第一溃缩件和所述第二溃缩件中的至少一个由铝合金制成。
  8. 一种电动汽车高压配电箱的支架，其特征在于，所述支架包括设置到电动汽车前舱内的第一横梁和第二横梁，所述第一横梁和所述第二横梁的长度方向垂直于电动汽车的长度方向；
    所述第一横梁和所述第二横梁之间设置有至少一个权利要求1至7中任一项所述的诱导式溃缩吸能装置，所述诱导式溃缩吸能装置用于固定所述电动汽车高压配电箱。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电动汽车高压配电箱的支架，其特征在于，多个所述诱导式溃缩吸能装置彼此之间平行设置。
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TWM574120U (zh) 2019-02-11
TW201908170A (zh) 2019-03-01

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