WO2019004160A1 - 調光部材、サンバイザ及び移動体 - Google Patents

調光部材、サンバイザ及び移動体 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019004160A1
WO2019004160A1 PCT/JP2018/024102 JP2018024102W WO2019004160A1 WO 2019004160 A1 WO2019004160 A1 WO 2019004160A1 JP 2018024102 W JP2018024102 W JP 2018024102W WO 2019004160 A1 WO2019004160 A1 WO 2019004160A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light control
light
layer
transparent
control member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2018/024102
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
秀 森戸
悠子 中西
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dai Nippon Printing Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Dai Nippon Printing Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dai Nippon Printing Co Ltd filed Critical Dai Nippon Printing Co Ltd
Priority to JP2019503592A priority Critical patent/JPWO2019004160A1/ja
Publication of WO2019004160A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019004160A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
    • B60J3/00—Antiglare equipment associated with windows or windscreens; Sun visors for vehicles
    • B60J3/04—Antiglare equipment associated with windows or windscreens; Sun visors for vehicles adjustable in transparency
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a light control member, a sun visor including the light control member, and a movable body including the sun visor.
  • a light control member capable of changing the light transmittance is known.
  • a method of adjusting the light transmittance of the light control member a method using liquid crystal as shown in Patent Document 1 (JP6071094B) can be considered.
  • the light control member of the system using the liquid crystal can be simply configured, the response of switching between the transmission state and the light shielding state is quick, and very high light shielding performance can be secured.
  • liquid crystal is disposed between the transparent substrates for protection. It is desirable that the transparent substrate be made of resin so as not to be damaged and that the edges of the fragments of the transparent substrate are not sharpened at the time of breakage.
  • the first invention is made in consideration of such a point, and an object thereof is to suppress a local color change in a light control member.
  • color unevenness in which colors are dispersed in a rainbow shape may be observed.
  • Rainbow unevenness is not preferable because it deteriorates the visibility through the light control member.
  • the second invention and the third invention are made in consideration of such a point, and an object thereof is to suppress the occurrence of rainbow unevenness in a light control member using liquid crystal.
  • the first invention aims to suppress local discoloration in a light control member.
  • the light control member of the first invention is A pair of transparent substrates, A light control cell disposed between the pair of transparent substrates; It comprises: two bonding layers disposed between the transparent base and the light control cell and bonding the transparent base and the light control cell; The light control cell can adjust the visible light transmittance by electronic control,
  • the storage elastic modulus of the bonding layer is 6 ⁇ 10 6 Pa or less at 1 ° C. or more and 30 ° C. or less.
  • the storage elastic modulus of the bonding layer may be 1.4 ⁇ 10 6 Pa or less at 1 ° C. or more and 30 ° C. or less.
  • the thickness of at least one of the bonding layers may be 50 ⁇ m or more.
  • the storage elastic modulus of the bonding layer may be 3 ⁇ 10 4 Pa or more at 1 ° C. or more and 30 ° C. or less.
  • the storage elastic modulus of the bonding layer may be 1 ⁇ 10 5 Pa or more at 1 ° C. or more and 30 ° C. or less.
  • the light control member of the first invention may further include an easy adhesion layer disposed between the transparent substrate and the bonding layer.
  • the light control member of the first invention may further include a barrier layer disposed between the transparent substrate and the bonding layer.
  • the light control member of the first invention may further include an antireflective layer on the side of the transparent substrate opposite to the side on which the bonding layer is disposed.
  • the light control cell may include a film liquid crystal of a TN type, a VA type, an IPS type or a GH type.
  • the light control cell may include a TN type, a VA type, an IPS type, or a GH type glass liquid crystal.
  • the sun visor of the first invention comprises any of the light control members of the first invention.
  • the movable body of the first invention comprises any one of the light control members of the first invention or the sun visor of the first invention.
  • the first invention it is possible to suppress local discoloration in the light control member.
  • a second invention and an object of the present invention are to suppress the occurrence of rainbow unevenness in a light control member using liquid crystal.
  • the light control member of the second invention is A transparent substrate, A light control cell laminated on the transparent substrate, The light control cell can adjust the visible light transmittance by electronic control, The difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of retardation in the region where the light control cells of the transparent base material overlap is 100 nm or less.
  • the transparent substrate comprises polycarbonate,
  • the average value of retardation in a region where the light control cells of the transparent base material overlap may be 2000 nm or more.
  • the transparent substrate comprises polycarbonate,
  • the average value of retardation in a region where the light control cells of the transparent base material overlap may be 400 nm or less.
  • melt volume flow rate of the transparent substrate may be equal to or less than 10 cm 3/10 min.
  • the transparent substrate includes a curved surface,
  • the curvature radius of the curved surface of the transparent substrate may be 10 cm or more.
  • the sun visor of the second invention comprises any of the light control members of the second invention.
  • the movable body of the second invention comprises any one of the light control members of the second invention or the sun visor of the second invention.
  • the second invention it is possible to suppress the occurrence of rainbow unevenness in the light control member.
  • a third aspect of the present invention is to suppress the occurrence of rainbow unevenness in a light control member using liquid crystal.
  • the light control member of the third invention is A transparent support, A light control unit supported by the transparent support;
  • the light control unit can adjust the visible light transmittance by electronic control,
  • the transparent support has a base layer having optical anisotropy, and a high retardation layer laminated on the base layer, The retardation of the high retardation layer is 4000 nm or more.
  • the slow axis direction of the high retardation layer and the transmission axis direction of the two polarizing plates are 40 ° or more between the two polarizing plates in which the high retardation layer is disposed in cross nicol Transmittance of light having a wavelength of 550 nm or more and 650 nm or less that transmits the two polarizing plates in a direction inclined 45 ° from the normal direction of the high retardation layer in a state where the light is arranged at an angle of 50 ° or less [%
  • the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectrum distribution of [1] may be 10 [%] or more.
  • the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral distribution of the transmittance [%] may be 10 [%] or more.
  • the transparent support further includes a functional layer provided at a position separated from the light control unit from the base layer and the high retardation layer,
  • the functional layer may have at least one of an antireflective function and an antiglare function.
  • a sun visor according to a third aspect of the present invention includes any one of the light control members according to the third aspect.
  • the movable body of the third invention comprises any one of the light control members of the third invention or the sun visor of the third invention.
  • the third invention it is possible to suppress the occurrence of rainbow unevenness in the light control member.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing an automobile in which a sun visor equipped with a light control member is disposed.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a light control member according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a light control cell of the light control member.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic exploded perspective view showing a light control member according to a second embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a light control cell of the light control member.
  • FIG. 6 is a view for explaining the manufacturing process of the light control member.
  • FIG. 7 is a view for explaining the manufacturing process of the light control member.
  • FIG. 8 is a view for explaining the manufacturing process of the light control member.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing an automobile in which a sun visor equipped with a light control member is disposed.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a light control member according to the first embodiment
  • FIG. 9 is a view for explaining rainbow unevenness generated in the light control member.
  • FIG. 10 is a graph for explaining that the polarization state changes due to reflection.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining that the polarization state changes due to reflection.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic exploded perspective view showing a light control member of the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the light control unit.
  • FIG. 14 is a view for explaining the manufacturing process of the light control member.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram for describing a manufacturing process of the light control member.
  • FIG. 16 is a view for explaining the manufacturing process of the light control member.
  • FIG. 17 is a diagram for explaining a method of measuring rainbow unevenness.
  • FIG. 10 is a graph for explaining that the polarization state changes due to reflection.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining that the polarization state changes due to reflection.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic exploded perspective view showing a light control member of
  • FIG. 18 is a graph of the transmittance of each wavelength of the base material layer measured in the state shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 19 is a graph of the transmittance of each wavelength of the high retardation layer measured in the state shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 20 is a graph of the transmittance of each wavelength of the transparent support measured in the state shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a modified example of the light control unit.
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining another modification of the light control unit.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sun visor 10 provided with a light control member 20 as an example to which the light control member 20 is applied.
  • a sun visor 10 is disposed inside the automobile 1 at a position facing the windshield.
  • the sun visor 10 can reduce sunlight and the like incident through the windshield, and can provide an occupant of the automobile 1 with a good visibility.
  • the light control member 20 can adjust the transmittance of visible light, and can be, for example, 25% or more when the transmittance is adjusted high, and 10% or less when the transmittance is adjusted low. As shown in FIG. 2, the light control member 20 is provided between the first transparent base 21 and the second transparent base 22, which are a pair of transparent bases, and the first transparent base 21 and the second transparent base 22.
  • a second light-adjusting cell 30 disposed in the second light-transmitting device, the first bonding layer 23 for bonding the first transparent base 21 and the light-modulating cell 30, and a second bonding for connecting the second transparent base 22 and the light-modulating cell 30 And a layer 24.
  • the first transparent base 21 and the second transparent base 22 will be described.
  • the first transparent base 21 and the second transparent base 22 keep the shape of the light control cell 30 constant, and protect the light control cell 30 from scratches and dirt.
  • the first transparent base 21 and the second transparent base 22 have rigidity.
  • the bending strength of the first transparent base 21 and the second transparent base 22 is preferably 1000 MPa or more. The bending strength is defined in JIS K 7171 and can be measured, for example, by a universal testing machine manufactured by Instron.
  • the 1st transparent base material 21 and the 2nd transparent base material 22 are formed with resin, and contain the polycarbonate which is resin with high glass transition temperature. By forming with resin, the 1st transparent substrate 21 and the 2nd transparent substrate 22 may become difficult to be damaged. It is preferable that the first transparent base 21 and the second transparent base 22 be formed so as to have a Charpy impact value of 1 kJ / m 2 or more.
  • the molecular weight of the polycarbonate contained in the first transparent substrate 21 and the second transparent substrate 22 is preferably 17,000 or more, and more preferably 20,000 or more.
  • first transparent base 21 and the second transparent base 22 are formed of such a material, even if the first transparent base 21 and the second transparent base 22 are damaged, the first transparent base is formed. The edges of the fragments of the material 21 and the second transparent substrate 22 are not sharpened, and the risk of injury to the user of the light control member 20 can be reduced.
  • having "transparency” has transparency of the grade which can see through the other side from the one side of the said transparent base material via the 1st transparent base material 21 and the 2nd transparent base material 22.
  • it means having a visible light transmittance of 30% or more, more preferably 70% or more.
  • the visible light transmittance is measured at a wavelength of 380 nm to 780 nm using a spectrophotometer (“UV-3100 PC” manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, a product conforming to JIS K 0115) at each wavelength. Identified as the average value of
  • the 1st transparent base material 21 and the 2nd transparent base material 22 have a thickness of 1 mm or more and 5 mm or less. With such a thickness, it is possible to obtain the first transparent base 21 and the second transparent base 22 which are excellent in strength and optical properties.
  • the first transparent base 21 and the second transparent base 22 may be made of the same material and the same, or may be different from each other in at least one of the material and the configuration.
  • the first bonding layer 23 and the second bonding layer 24 will be described.
  • the first bonding layer 23 bonds the first transparent base 21 and the light control cell 30, and the second bonding layer 24 bonds the second transparent base 22 and the light control cell 30.
  • the first bonding layer 23 and the second bonding layer 24 are so-called OCA (Optical Clear Adhesive) or OCR (Optical Clear Resin). That is, the first bonding layer 23 and the second bonding layer 24 are layers of an optically transparent adhesive.
  • the first bonding layer 23 and the second bonding layer 24 preferably have substantially the same refractive index as the first transparent base 21 and the second transparent base 22. In this case, reflection of light at each interface between the first transparent base 21 and the second transparent base 22 and the first bonding layer 23 and the second bonding layer 24 can be reduced.
  • the first bonding layer 23 and the second bonding layer 24 are in a room temperature environment (for example, 1 ° C. or more and 30 ° C. or less, in particular, in order to avoid uneven distribution of liquid crystals in the liquid crystal cell 35
  • the storage elastic modulus at 15 ° C. or more and 25 ° C. or less is 6 ⁇ 10 6 Pa or less, preferably 1.4 ⁇ 10 6 Pa or less.
  • the first bonding layer 23 and the second bonding layer 24 have a storage elastic modulus of 3 ⁇ in a room temperature environment in order to prevent generation of air bubbles by peeling from the first transparent base 21 and the second transparent base 22. It is preferably 10 4 Pa or more, and more preferably 1 ⁇ 10 5 Pa or more. The relationship between these defects and the storage modulus will be described in detail later.
  • the storage elastic modulus can be measured by a dynamic viscoelasticity measurement method according to JIS K 7244-1 by a solid viscoelasticity analyzer ("RSA-III" manufactured by TA Instruments). .
  • the storage elastic modulus was measured at a temperature of ⁇ 50 to 150 ° C., a frequency of 1 Hz, an attachment mode of torsional shear mode, and a temperature rising rate of 5 ° C./min.
  • the thickness of at least one of the first bonding layer 23 and the second bonding layer 24 is preferably 50 ⁇ m or more.
  • air which has entered between the bonding layer and the member having rigidity is difficult to escape between the bonding layer and the member having rigidity, and enters as air bubbles. . Therefore, for example, when the first bonding layer 23 laminated with the second transparent base material 22 and the light control cell 30 is laminated on the first transparent base material 21 when the first bonding layer 23 is thinner than 50 ⁇ m, the first transparent Since both the base 21 and the second transparent base 22 have rigidity, air bubbles can easily enter between the first bonding layer 23 and the first transparent base 21.
  • the non-rigid member when laminating a rigid member and a non-rigid member through the bonding layer, the non-rigid member is curved even if air enters between the bonding layer and the non-rigid member. It is possible to induce the discharge of air by laminating while letting the air flow. Therefore, for example, even when the second bonding layer 24 is thinner than 50 ⁇ m, when laminating the light control cell 30 on the second bonding layer 24, air bubbles are generated between the second bonding layer 24 and the second transparent base 22. It is hard to get in.
  • the first bonding layer 23 and the second bonding layer 24 preferably have a thickness of 1000 ⁇ m or less.
  • the first bonding layer 23 and the second bonding layer 24 may be made of the same material and the same, or may be different from each other in at least one of the material and the configuration.
  • the light control cell 30 includes a first polarizing plate 31, a second polarizing plate 32, and a liquid crystal cell 35 disposed between the first polarizing plate 31 and the second polarizing plate 32.
  • the light control cell 30 can change the alignment state of the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal cell 35 by electronic control such as voltage application. By changing the orientation of the liquid crystal, the polarization state of light traveling between the first polarizing plate 31 and the second polarizing plate 32 is controlled. Thereby, for example, it is possible to adjust the visible light transmittance of light traveling between the first polarizing plate 31 and the second polarizing plate 32 arranged in cross nicol or parallel nicol.
  • the thickness of the light control cell 30 is 100 micrometers or more and 800 micrometers or less, for example.
  • Cross Nicol means that the transmission axes of the two polarizers are orthogonal to each other
  • parallel Nicol means that the transmission axes of the two polarizers are parallel to each other
  • the first polarizing plate 31 and the second polarizing plate 32 decompose the incident light into two orthogonal polarization components (p polarization component and s polarization component) and vibrate in one direction (direction parallel to the transmission axis)
  • Linearly polarized light component for example, s-polarized light component
  • which transmits the linearly polarized light component for example, p-polarized light component
  • liquid crystal cell 35 for example, liquid crystal of VA (Vertical Alignment) system, TN (Twisted Nematic) system, IPS (In Plane Switching) system or FFS (Fringe Field Switching) system can be used.
  • the liquid crystal cell 35 may be a film liquid crystal in which liquid crystal is held by using a film made of resin as a base material, or may be a glass liquid crystal in which liquid crystal is held by using thin film glass as a base.
  • the light control cell 30 has a wire 30 c.
  • the wiring 30 c is connected to, for example, a control device (not shown) provided in the automobile 1 and provides drive power and control signals to the dimming cell 30.
  • the orientation of the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal cell 35 can be changed by performing electronic control such as applying a voltage via the wiring 30 c to the light control cell 30.
  • the polarization direction of light transmitted through the liquid crystal cell 35 may change.
  • the first polarizing plate 31 and the second polarizing plate 32 are arranged in cross nicol, light can be transmitted through the second polarizing plate 32 by rotating the polarization direction by 90 °.
  • the light control cell 30 can adjust the visible light transmittance by electronic control.
  • the light control member 20 is not limited to the illustrated example, and may be provided with other functional layers expected to exhibit a specific function.
  • one functional layer may exhibit two or more functions, and, for example, the first transparent base 21, the second transparent base 22, the first bonding layer 23 of the light control member 20, the first Some function may be given to at least one of the second bonding layer 24 and the light control cell 30.
  • a hard coat (HC) function having scratch resistance
  • an infrared ray shielding (reflection) function an ultraviolet ray shielding (reflection) function
  • an antifouling function etc.
  • the second bonding layer 24 is laminated on the second transparent base material 22.
  • the second bonding layer 24 is provided by being applied by, for example, a dispenser. Even if a level difference is generated on the surface of the second transparent base material 22 laminated with the second bonding layer 24, the level difference is compensated by the application of the second bonding layer 24. Air bubbles are less likely to occur between the second bonding layer 24 and the second bonding layer 24.
  • the light control cell 30 is stacked on the second bonding layer 24. Since the light control cell 30 does not have rigidity, it can be laminated while pushing out the air between the light control cell 30 and the second bonding layer 24. Therefore, regardless of the thickness of the second bonding layer 24, bubbles are unlikely to be generated between the second bonding layer 24 and the dimming cell 30.
  • the first bonding layer 23 is stacked on the light control cell 30.
  • the first bonding layer 23 is provided by being applied by, for example, a dispenser. Even if there is a step in the light control cell 30, the step is compensated by the application of the first bonding layer 23, so that bubbles are unlikely to occur between the light control cell 30 and the first bonding layer 23.
  • the first transparent substrate 21 is laminated on the first bonding layer 23. Since the second transparent base material 22 laminated on the first transparent base material 21 and the first bonding layer 23 has rigidity, a step is generated on the surface of the first transparent base material 21 stacked on the first bonding layer 23 If you do, air may get into the steps. However, if the first bonding layer 23 has a sufficient thickness, the first bonding layer 23 deforms and thereby enters the step, which makes it easy to discharge the air in the step. Therefore, it is preferable that the thickness of the first bonding layer 23 be a sufficient thickness, specifically 50 ⁇ m or more, in order not to leave air bubbles in the step.
  • Each of the above steps is preferably performed in a low pressure environment or a vacuum environment. By this, it can suppress that a bubble mixes in the interface between each layer of the light control member 20. As shown in FIG.
  • such a light control member 20 may have local discoloration.
  • the local discoloration of the light control member 20 causes pressure to be applied to the light control cell due to the deformation of the transparent base material formed of resin, and the liquid crystal is unevenly distributed in the liquid crystal cell of the light control cell. was estimated to occur. Furthermore, it confirmed that the local discoloration of the light control member could be effectively suppressed by the countermeasure corresponding to this presumed cause.
  • Deformation of the transparent substrate formed of resin can be caused by heat.
  • the light control member 20 when used inside a car 1 as a sun visor, it may be exposed to high temperatures.
  • the glass transition temperature of the first transparent base 21 and the second transparent base 22 formed of resin is about 100 to 150.degree. Therefore, the first transparent base 21 and the second transparent base 22 may deform when exposed to a temperature of about 80.degree.
  • the pressure applied to the light control cell 30 due to the deformation of the first transparent base 21 and the second transparent base 22 due to the heat, the liquid crystal is unevenly distributed in the liquid crystal cell 35 of the light control cell 30. It is thought that it is causing a color change.
  • the first transparent group is obtained. Even if the material 21 and the second transparent base material 22 were deformed by heat, it was confirmed that no local color change occurs in the light control member 20.
  • air bubbles may be generated between the first transparent base 21 and the first bonding layer 23 and between the second transparent base 22 and the second bonding layer 24.
  • the air bubbles are generated by being introduced when laminating the first transparent base material 21 and the first bonding layer 23 as described above, and the light control member 20 is exposed to high temperature However, it was estimated that it might occur.
  • the first transparent base material 21 and the second transparent base material 22 may be deformed and peeled off from the first bonding layer 23 and the second bonding layer 24. Air can be generated as air enters.
  • the moisture and the like contained in the first transparent base 21 and the second transparent base 22 become a gas, and the gas is the first transparent base 21 and the first bonding layer 23 It is thought that air bubbles may be generated by peeling and entering between the second transparent base material 22 and the second bonding layer 24 and between the second transparent base material 22 and the second bonding layer 24.
  • the storage elastic modulus of the first bonding layer 23 and the second bonding layer 24 in a room temperature environment is 3 ⁇ 10 4 Pa or more, preferably 1 ⁇ 10 5 Pa or more, even if exposed to high temperature It was confirmed that peeling between the first transparent base 21 and the first bonding layer 23 and between the second transparent base 22 and the second bonding layer 24 was prevented, and the generation of air bubbles was suppressed.
  • the light control member 20 includes the pair of transparent bases 21 and 22, the light control cell 30 disposed between the pair of transparent bases 21 and 22, and the transparent base
  • the light control cell 30 includes two bonding layers 23 and 24 disposed between the materials 21 and 22 and the light control cell 30, and bonding the transparent base members 21 and 22 and the light control cell 30.
  • the visible light transmittance can be adjusted by control, and the storage elastic modulus of the bonding layers 23 and 24 is 6 ⁇ 10 6 Pa or less at 1 ° C. or more and 30 ° C. or less. According to such a light control member 20, even if the first transparent base 21 and the second transparent base 22 are deformed by heat, the deformation of the first transparent base 21 and the second transparent base 22 can be reduced.
  • the light control cell 30 is not affected by the deformation of the first transparent base 21 and the second transparent base 22, and it is possible to make it difficult to cause uneven distribution of liquid crystal in the liquid crystal cell 35 of the light control cell 30. That is, it is possible to make it difficult for the light control member 20 to cause a local color change.
  • the thickness of at least one of the first bonding layer 23 and the second bonding layer 24 is 50 ⁇ m or more.
  • the thickness of the first bonding layer 23 is 50 ⁇ m or more. According to such a light control member 20, even if a step is generated on the surface of the first transparent base 21 laminated with the first bonding layer 23, the step is compensated by the deformation of the first bonding layer 23. Air can not enter the level difference, and air bubbles do not easily enter. Therefore, generation of air bubbles in the light control member 20 can be suppressed.
  • the storage elastic modulus of the bonding layers 23 and 24 is 3 ⁇ 10 4 Pa or more at 1 ° C. or more and 30 ° C. or less. According to such a light control member 20, peeling is prevented between the first transparent base material 21 and the first bonding layer 23 and between the second transparent base material 22 and the second bonding layer 24 so that air bubbles can be prevented. Can be suppressed.
  • the light control member 20 may be provided between the first transparent substrate 21 and the first bonding layer 23 and / or between the second transparent substrate 22 and the second bonding layer 24. You may further provide the easily bonding layer arrange
  • the easy adhesion layer 21 a is disposed between the first transparent base 21 and the first bonding layer 23.
  • the easy adhesion layer 21a is a layer for improving the adhesion and adhesiveness of the members on both sides of the easy adhesion layer.
  • the adhesion between the easy adhesion layer 21 a and the first transparent base 21 and the adhesion between the easy adhesion layer 21 a and the first bonding layer 23 are the adhesion between the first transparent base 21 and the first bonding layer 23. It is stronger than that. Also in the case where the easy adhesion layer is disposed between the second transparent substrate 22 and the second bonding layer 24, the adhesion between the easy adhesion layer and the second transparent substrate 22 and the easy adhesion layer and the second adhesion layer are also possible. The adhesion to the bonding layer 24 is stronger than the adhesion to the second transparent substrate 22 and the second bonding layer 24.
  • the adhesion strength of the two layers can be measured by a peeling test in accordance with JIS K 6854, for example, a universal tester manufactured by Instron.
  • the easy adhesion layer is made of a transparent material, such as a resin containing acrylic or urethane.
  • the thickness of the easily bonding layer is, for example, 3 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less.
  • the adhesion and adhesiveness between the first transparent base 21 and the first bonding layer 23 and / or the second transparent base 22 and the second bonding layer 24 are improved,
  • the peeling between the first transparent base 21 and the first bonding layer 23 and between the second transparent base 22 and the second bonding layer 24 can be prevented. Therefore, the generation of air bubbles between the first bonding layer 23 and between the second transparent base material 22 and the second bonding layer 24 can be suppressed.
  • the light control member 20 is configured between the first transparent base 21 and the first bonding layer 23 and / or between the second transparent base 22 and the second bonding layer 24.
  • the device may further comprise a barrier layer disposed on In the example shown in FIG. 2, the barrier layer 22 a is disposed between the second transparent substrate 22 and the second bonding layer 24.
  • the barrier layer 22 a is a layer for blocking the gas generated from the second transparent substrate 22 and preventing the second bonding layer 24 from being affected by the gas.
  • the water vapor permeability of the barrier layer 22a is preferably 1 g / m 2 ⁇ da or less.
  • the barrier layer blocks the gas generated from the first transparent base 21, and the first bonding layer is formed. It is possible to prevent 23 from being influenced by gas.
  • the water vapor transmission rate can be measured at a temperature of 40 ° C. and a humidity of 100% RH using a water vapor transmission rate measuring apparatus (manufactured by MOCON, PERMATRAN-W3 / 31).
  • the barrier layer is made of a transparent material, and a vapor deposited film of silicon oxycarbide (SiOC), for example, is used.
  • the thickness of the barrier layer in this case is, for example, 50 nm or more and 1 ⁇ m or less.
  • the production method may be produced by another method such as coating.
  • a gas such as moisture generated from the first transparent base 21 and / or the second transparent base 22 acts as the first bonding layer 23 and the like. And / or reaching the second bonding layer 24 can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to suppress air bubbles which may be generated by causing the gas to peel off and enter between the first transparent base 21 and the first bonding layer 23 and between the second transparent base 22 and the second bonding layer 24. Can.
  • the light control member 20 of the first embodiment described above is the side opposite to the side on which the first bonding layer 23 of the first transparent base material 21 is disposed, and / or the second side of the second transparent base material 22. You may further provide the anti-reflective layer arrange
  • the anti-reflection layer 21 b is disposed on the side opposite to the side on which the first bonding layer 23 of the first transparent substrate 21 is disposed.
  • the antireflection layer is a layer for suppressing the reflection of visible light on the surface of the light control member 20 to improve the visible light transmittance.
  • the antireflective layer is made of a transparent material, for example, a material having a refractive index lower than that of the first transparent substrate 21 and the second transparent substrate 22.
  • the antireflective layer may also have microprotrusions arranged at a pitch less than the shortest wavelength of visible light (for example, 380 nm).
  • the thickness of the antireflective layer is, for example, 20 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less in the case of bonding a film provided with the antireflective layer, and 10 ⁇ m or less in the case of coating or deposition.
  • the liquid crystal cell 35 of the light control cell 30 uses a liquid crystal of a method that uses two polarizing plates 31 and 32 such as the VA method.
  • liquid crystal of GH Guest Host
  • the transmittance can be controlled by changing the state in which the liquid crystal composition and the dichroic dye composition are randomly aligned and the state in which so-called twist alignment is performed by voltage control.
  • the liquid crystal cell 35 which is a liquid crystal of GH system, it is not necessary to arrange one or both of the first polarizing plate 31 and the second polarizing plate 32 as shown in FIG.
  • the light control member 20 receives the supply of power from the outside, but a solar cell (not shown) is provided on a part of the light control member 20, and this solar cell May be configured to supply power. Furthermore, the irradiation light amount may be determined based on the output of the solar cell, and the transmittance may be automatically controlled accordingly.
  • the application of the light control member 20 is not limited to the sun visor.
  • the light control member 20 in which at least one of the storage elastic modulus of the first bonding layer 23 and the second bonding layer 24 and the thickness of the first bonding layer 23 are different is prepared.
  • the 1st transparent substrate 21 and the 2nd transparent substrate 22 in light control member 20 of an example and a comparative example consist of polycarbonate, and thickness is 3 mm.
  • the storage elastic modulus can be adjusted, for example, by adding a tackifying resin such as terpene or a plasticizer such as dioctyl phthalate (DOP) or dioctyl adipate (DOA).
  • a tackifying resin such as terpene
  • a plasticizer such as dioctyl phthalate (DOP) or dioctyl adipate (DOA).
  • the storage elastic modulus can be adjusted by adjusting the amount of the crosslinking agent or increasing or decreasing the number of functional groups of the main polymer of the material of the bonding layer.
  • the results of bubble generation after the heat resistance test and the uneven distribution of the liquid crystal after the heat resistance test are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.
  • the occurrence of air bubbles and the uneven distribution of liquid crystal were not observed with the magnifying glass but with A, and was not observed visually, but was observed with the magnifying glass with B visually C is added to each item.
  • Tables 1 to 3 referred to in the following the result of bubble generation immediately after production is set as result 1
  • the result of bubble generation after heat resistance test is set as result 2
  • result of uneven distribution of liquid crystal after heat resistance test Are shown as result 3, respectively.
  • the uneven distribution of the liquid crystal can be suppressed by setting the storage elastic modulus of the first bonding layer 23 and the second bonding layer 24 to 60 ⁇ 10 5 Pa or less.
  • the storage elastic modulus of the first bonding layer 23 and the second bonding layer 24 is 14 ⁇ 10 5 Pa or less. It is understood.
  • the generation of air bubbles can be suppressed by the thickness of the first bonding layer 23 being 50 ⁇ m or more.
  • the thickness of the first bonding layer 23 is 75 ⁇ m or more, which is preferable for suppressing the generation of air bubbles.
  • the easy adhesion layer between the transparent base material and the bonding layer, the adhesion and adhesiveness between the transparent base material and the bonding layer are improved, and the transparent base material and the bonding layer It is possible to prevent peeling between them. Therefore, it is considered that the generation of air bubbles after the heat resistance test can be suppressed by arranging the easy adhesion layer.
  • the barrier layer between the transparent base and the bonding layer, it is possible to suppress that the gas generated from the transparent base reaches the bonding layer. Therefore, it is thought that the air bubbles which may be generated by gas coming in between the transparent base material and the bonding layer can be suppressed. That is, by disposing the barrier layer, it is considered that the generation of air bubbles after the heat resistance test can be suppressed.
  • Example 10 an easy adhesion layer made of an acrylic resin is provided as an additional layer, and an easy adhesion layer made of a urethane resin is provided as an additional layer. It is set as Example 11.
  • Example 12 in which a barrier layer was provided as an additional layer in Example 6 was taken.
  • Example 13 what provided the easily bonding layer as an additional layer in Example 7 was set as Example 13, and what provided the barrier layer as an additional layer was set as Example 14.
  • FIG. Furthermore, what provided the easily bonding layer as an additional layer in the comparative example 3 was set as the comparative example 6, and what provided the barrier layer as an additional layer was set as the comparative example 7.
  • the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the transparent base material made of polycarbonate used in the above-mentioned Examples 1 to 9 is 145 ° C.
  • the transparent substrate is a transparent substrate containing polycarbonate as the main component but also containing other components, the glass transition temperature may be lowered.
  • Example 3 to 5 the component configurations of the transparent base material were changed, and light control members having a glass transition temperature of 125 ° C. were produced, and were set to Examples 15 to 17.
  • the results of Examples 3-5 and 15-17 are shown in Table 4 below.
  • the sun visor 10 shown in FIG. 1 can be illustrated as an example to which the light control member 120 is applied. As shown in FIG. 1, a sun visor 10 is disposed inside the automobile 1 at a position facing the windshield 5. The sun visor 10 can reduce sunlight and the like incident through the windshield 5 and can provide a good view to the occupants of the automobile 1.
  • the light control member 120 can adjust the transmittance of visible light. As shown in FIG. 4, the light control member 120 is laminated on the first transparent substrate 121 and the second transparent substrate 122, which are a pair of substrates, and the first transparent substrate 121 and the second transparent substrate 122. Light control cell 130, a first bonding layer 123 for bonding the first transparent base material 121 and the light control cell 130, and a second bonding layer 124 for bonding the second transparent base material 122 and the light control cell 130 And.
  • the first transparent base material 121 and the second transparent base material 122 are for maintaining the shape of the light control cell 130 constant and protecting the light control cell 130 from scratches and dirt. It is preferable that the first transparent substrate 121 and the second transparent substrate 122 contain polycarbonate. When the first transparent base material 121 and the second transparent base material 122 contain polycarbonate, the retardation of the first transparent base material 121 and the second transparent base material 122 described later can be easily controlled and manufactured. . Moreover, in the light control member 120 according to the second embodiment, the molecular weight of polycarbonate contained in the first transparent base material 121 and the second transparent base material 122 is preferably 17,000 or more, and 20,000 or more.
  • the first transparent substrate 121 and the second transparent substrate 122 are formed of such a material, even if the first transparent substrate 121 and the second transparent substrate 122 are broken, the first transparent substrate 121 is formed. And the edge of the fragments of the second transparent substrate 122 is not sharpened, and the risk of injury to the user of the light control member 120 can be reduced.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and the first transparent base 121 and the second transparent base 122 may be formed of a glass plate.
  • the user of the light control member 120 is injured when the first transparent substrate 121 and the second transparent substrate 122 are broken.
  • having "transparency” has transparency of the grade which can see through the other side from the one side of the said transparent base material through the 1st transparent base material 121 and the 2nd transparent base material 122.
  • transparency means having a visible light transmittance of 30% or more, more preferably 70% or more.
  • the visible light transmittance is measured at a wavelength of 380 nm to 780 nm using a spectrophotometer (“UV-3100 PC” manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, a product conforming to JIS K 0115) at each wavelength. Identified as the average value of
  • the 1st transparent base material 121 and the 2nd transparent base material 122 have a thickness of 0.1 mm or more and 10 mm or less, preferably 0.5 mm or more and 5 mm or less. If it is such thickness, the 1st transparent substrate 121 and the 2nd transparent substrate 122 which were excellent in intensity and an optical characteristic can be obtained.
  • the first transparent substrate 121 and the second transparent substrate 122 may be made of the same material and the same, or may be different from each other in at least one of the material and the configuration.
  • the first transparent base 121 and the second transparent base 122 are preferably manufactured by extrusion. According to extrusion molding, the first transparent base material 121 and the second transparent base material 122 can be formed in a uniform and flat plate shape. In order to manufacture in plate shape by extrusion molding, it is preferable that the melt volume flow rate of the 1st transparent substrate 121 and the 2nd transparent substrate 122 is 10 cm ⁇ 3 > / 10 minutes or less. The melt volume flow rate is measured at a temperature of 300 ° C. and a weight of 1.2 kg according to ISO1133.
  • the first bonding layer 123 and the second bonding layer 124 will be described. As described above, the first bonding layer 123 bonds the first transparent base material 121 and the light control cell 130, and the second bonding layer 124 bonds the second transparent base material 122 and the light control cell 130. .
  • the first bonding layer 123 and the second bonding layer 124 are so-called OCA (Optically Clear Adhesive) or OCR (Optically Clear Resin). That is, the first bonding layer 123 and the second bonding layer 124 are transparent and have adhesiveness.
  • the first bonding layer 123 and the second bonding layer 124 preferably have substantially the same refractive index as the first transparent base 121 and the second transparent base 122. In this case, reflection of light at each interface between the first transparent base 121 and the second transparent base 122 and the first bonding layer 123 and the second bonding layer 124 can be reduced.
  • the first bonding layer 123 and the second bonding layer 124 preferably have a thickness of 25 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m. If the thickness is smaller than 25 ⁇ m, the distortion of the light control member can not be absorbed by the bonding surface, so that defects of the air bubble and the light control member (for example, color unevenness due to a liquid crystal GAP failure) tend to occur. On the other hand, if the thickness is thicker than 1000 ⁇ m, it is disadvantageous in terms of mass productivity, cost and strength.
  • the first bonding layer 123 and the second bonding layer 124 may be made of the same material and the same, or may be different from each other in at least one of the material and the configuration.
  • the light control cell 130 includes a first polarizing plate 131, a second polarizing plate 132, and a liquid crystal cell 135 disposed between the first polarizing plate 131 and the second polarizing plate 132. Including.
  • the first polarizing plate 131 and the second polarizing plate 132 decompose the incident light into two orthogonal polarization components (p polarization component and s polarization component) and vibrate in one direction (direction parallel to the transmission axis)
  • a linearly polarized light component eg, p-polarized light component
  • a linearly polarized light component eg, s-polarized light component
  • liquid crystal cell 135 for example, liquid crystal of VA (Vertical Alignment) system, TN (Twisted Nematic) system, IPS (In Plane Switching) system or FFS (Fringe Field Switching) system can be used.
  • the light control cell 130 can change the alignment of the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal cell 135 by electronic control such as voltage application. By changing the orientation of the liquid crystal, the polarization state of light traveling between the first polarizing plate 131 and the second polarizing plate 132 is controlled. Thereby, for example, it is possible to adjust the visible light transmittance of light traveling between the first polarizing plate 131 and the second polarizing plate 132 arranged in cross nicol or parallel nicol.
  • Cross Nicol means that the transmission axes of the two polarizers are orthogonal to each other
  • parallel Nicol means that the transmission axes of the two polarizers are parallel to each other
  • the thickness of the light control cell 130 is 100 micrometers or more and 800 micrometers or less, for example.
  • the liquid crystal cell 135 may be a film liquid crystal in which liquid crystal is held by using a film made of resin as a base material, or may be a glass liquid crystal in which liquid crystal is held by using thin film glass as a base. In the case of film liquid crystal, the liquid crystal cell 135 can be provided with flexibility.
  • the light control cell 130 has a wire 130 c.
  • the wiring 130 c is connected to a control device (not shown) provided in the automobile 1 and provides drive power and control signals to the dimming cell 130.
  • the wiring 130c is preferably formed of a transparent conductor. In this case, the wiring 130c is not substantially visible from the outside, and the appearance of the light control member 120 can be improved.
  • the orientation of the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal cell 135 can be changed by performing electronic control such as applying a voltage through the wiring 130 c to the light control cell 130.
  • the polarization direction of light transmitted through the liquid crystal cell 135 may change.
  • the first polarizing plate 131 and the second polarizing plate 132 are disposed in cross nicol, light can be transmitted through the second polarizing plate 132 by rotating the polarization direction by 90 °.
  • the light control cell 130 can adjust the visible light transmittance by electronic control.
  • the first transparent base material 121, the second transparent base material 122, the first bonding layer 123, the second bonding layer 124, and the light control cell 130 which are components of the light control member 120, It has substantially the same shape.
  • each component of the light adjustment member 120 has a rectangular shape in plan view.
  • the light control cell 130 includes a region overlapping with the first transparent substrate 121 and the second transparent substrate 122.
  • the light control cell 130 does not protrude from the first transparent base 121 and the second transparent base 122 in a plan view. That is, the dimension of the light control cell 130 in plan view is preferably smaller than the dimensions of the first transparent base 121 and the second transparent base 122.
  • the light control member 120 is not limited to the illustrated example, and may be provided with other functional layers expected to exhibit a specific function.
  • one functional layer may exhibit two or more functions, and, for example, the first transparent substrate 121, the second transparent substrate 122, the first bonding layer 123, and the first light modulation member 120 may be used. Some function may be given to at least one of the second bonding layer 124 and the light control cell 130.
  • functions that can be imparted to the light control member 120 include an anti-reflection (AR) function, a hard coat (HC) function having scratch resistance, an infrared ray shielding (reflection) function, an ultraviolet ray shielding (reflection) function, A dirty function etc. can be illustrated.
  • the first transparent base 121 and the second transparent base 122 are manufactured in a flat plate shape by extrusion molding.
  • the first bonding layer 123 is bonded to one side of the first transparent base 121.
  • the second bonding layer 124 is bonded to one side of the second transparent base 122.
  • the second transparent base 122 is bonded to one surface of the light control cell 130 via the second bonding layer 124, whereby the light control cell 130 is connected to the second transparent base 122.
  • the light control cell 130 is provided with a wire 130 c.
  • the first transparent base 121 is bonded to the other surface of the light control cell 130, whereby the light control cell 130 is stacked on the first transparent base 121.
  • This bonding is realized by the first bonding layer 123 previously bonded to the first transparent substrate 121.
  • Each of the above steps is preferably performed in a low pressure environment, preferably in a vacuum environment.
  • the retardation is the refractive index (n x in the direction of the slow axis) in which the refractive index at each position in the plane of the first transparent substrate 121 is measured using light having a measurement wavelength of 548.2 nm. product of the refractive index in the direction (fast axis direction) and (the difference between n y) (n x -n y ), the thickness of the first transparent substrate 121 (d) orthogonal to) the slow axis direction It is defined by (d ⁇ (n x ⁇ n y )) and is expressed in units of length (nm).
  • the transparent base material 155 having retardation is disposed between the incident side polarizing plate 151 and the output side polarizing plate 152 and light L1 is made incident from the incident side polarizing plate 151 side, it is transparent.
  • the amount of light emitted from the output side polarizing plate 152 changes according to the retardation of the transparent substrate 155 as compared to the case where the substrate 155 is not disposed. That is, when the transparent substrate 155 having retardation is disposed between the incident side polarizing plate 151 and the output side polarizing plate 152, the visible light transmittance from the incident side polarizing plate 151 to the output side polarizing plate 152 is changed.
  • the variation of the visible light transmittance varies depending on the wavelength. Therefore, the wavelength at which the visible light transmittance is high changes according to the retardation of the transparent substrate 155, and the light emitted from the output side polarizing plate 152 is visually recognized in a color according to the retardation of the transparent substrate 155.
  • the polarization state of light transmitted through the transparent substrate 155 varies in accordance with the retardation at each position in the plane of the transparent substrate 155. For this reason, at each position in the plane of the transparent substrate 155, the wavelength at which the visible light transmittance is high changes. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9, when the transparent base material 155 having a variation in retardation is disposed between the incident side polarizing plate 151 and the output side polarizing plate 152 and light L1 is made incident from the incident side polarizing plate 151 side, The light emitted from the output side polarizing plate 152 has high transmittance of light of different wavelengths at each position of the output side polarizing plate 152.
  • the light emitted from each position of the output side polarizing plate 152 becomes light of different wavelengths, and the color varies, and is recognized as rainbow unevenness.
  • Such rainbow unevenness is not dependent on the incident side polarizing plate 151 and the output side polarizing plate 152, and for example, even if the incident side polarizing plate 151 and the output side polarizing plate 152 are arranged in cross nicol, they are arranged in parallel nicols Even if, it will occur.
  • the rainbow unevenness is caused by the fact that light in a polarized state is transmitted through a member having variation in retardation and is further changed in the polarized state.
  • a polarizer such as a polarizing plate as shown in FIG. 9, light in a polarized state is generated in the following case.
  • a polarization component p polarization component
  • s polarization component a polarization component perpendicular to the incidence surface.
  • the rates are different.
  • light incident at a certain angle has a reflectance of zero for the polarization component parallel to the plane of incidence. That is, when incident light is reflected, the polarization state changes. This angle is known as the Brewster's angle. For example, at an interface of glass and air, light incident at an incident angle of about 60 degrees changes its polarization state when it is reflected.
  • the light L3 incident on the windshield 5 at about 60 degrees changes its polarization state when it is reflected.
  • the transparent substrate on the side facing the windshield 5 here, the first transparent substrate 121
  • Rainbow unevenness occurs in accordance with the variation in retardation in the area overlapping the light control cell 130 of FIG.
  • the suppression of the occurrence of rainbow unevenness can be achieved by avoiding the dispersion of the wavelength at which the transmittance increases at each position in the plane of the transparent substrate.
  • the variation in retardation of the first transparent substrate 121 is set to 100 nm or less, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of variation in color that is visually recognized as rainbow unevenness.
  • the change in visible light transmittance for each wavelength with respect to the change in retardation decreases. That is, even if there is a variation in retardation, the visible light transmittance for each wavelength hardly changes. Therefore, when the variation in retardation is sufficiently small, rainbow unevenness does not occur as much as visually confirmed.
  • the average of retardation in a region overlapping with the light control cell 130 of the first transparent substrate 121 is 400 nm or less, preferably 200 nm or less, the variation of visible light transmittance for each wavelength according to the retardation is It becomes sufficiently small, and rainbow unevenness due to variations in retardation can be effectively made inconspicuous.
  • the change in visible light transmittance for each wavelength with respect to the change in retardation increases.
  • the retardation increases, light of a plurality of wavelengths is more likely to be transmitted, so the transmitted light is likely to be mixed and perceived. That is, even if there is variation in retardation, the visible light transmittance for each wavelength fluctuates greatly, so the transmittance for another wavelength is high even if the transmittance for a certain wavelength is low. For this reason, it is hard to visually recognize the change of the color mixing of the light to permeate
  • the average of retardation in a region overlapping the light control cell 130 of the first transparent substrate 121 is 2000 nm or more, preferably 3000 nm or more, the variation of visible light transmittance for each wavelength according to retardation is Even if the visible light transmittance fluctuates due to the dispersion of retardation, the color mixture is visually recognized and it is difficult to visually recognize a change in color. That is, rainbow unevenness can be effectively made inconspicuous.
  • region which overlaps with the light control cell 130 of the 1st transparent base material 121 is measured as follows. First, the transparent base material 155 as an object as shown in FIG. 9 is disposed between the incident side polarizing plate 151 and the output side polarizing plate 152, and light is made to enter from the incident side polarizing plate 151 side. Then, when observed from the side of the exit-side polarizing plate, the portion of the transparent base material 155 that is the object of the change in color when viewed visually is divided by 6 cm square.
  • the incident side polarizing plate 151 and the output side polarizing plate 152 are arranged in parallel nicol, for example.
  • the divided portion of the target transparent base material 155 is divided into three in the longitudinal direction and three in the lateral direction, and the retardation is measured at the respective central portions of the divided portions. That is, nine points of retardation are measured at equal intervals in the transparent substrate 155 partitioned by 6 cm square.
  • the retardation can be measured by a parallel Nicol rotation method using KOBRA-WR (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd.) or by a rotation analyzer method using RETS-1250VA (manufactured by Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd.).
  • the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the nine measured retardations is taken as the variation of retardation. Also, the average of the nine measured retardation values is taken as the average of the retardation.
  • the light control member 120 of the second embodiment includes the first transparent base material 121, the light control cell 130 stacked on the first transparent base material 121, the first transparent base material 121, and the light control member 120. And a first bonding layer 123 for bonding to the optical cell 130.
  • the light control cell 130 can adjust the visible light transmittance by electronic control.
  • the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of retardation in the region where the light control cells 130 of the first transparent base material 121 overlap is 100 nm or less. According to such a light control member 120, since the variation in retardation is small, it is possible to avoid that the wavelength of light with high transmittance is different at each position in the plane of the first transparent base material 121.
  • the transmittance of the first transparent base material 121 has less variation due to wavelength, so that light emitted from the light control cell 130 has rainbow unevenness.
  • the occurrence can be effectively suppressed. That is, the generation of rainbow unevenness caused by the retardation of the first transparent base material 121 in the light control member 120 can be suppressed.
  • the first transparent base material 121 contains polycarbonate, and the average value of retardation in the region where the light control cells 130 of the first transparent base material 121 overlap is 2000 nm. It is above. According to such a light control member 120, since the retardation of the first transparent substrate 121 is sufficiently large, the change in visible light transmittance for each wavelength with respect to the change in retardation is large, and the transmitted light is mixed and perceived It will be easier. For this reason, even if the visible light transmittance fluctuates due to the variation in retardation, it becomes difficult to visually recognize a change in color that may cause rainbow unevenness. That is, the generation of rainbow unevenness caused by the retardation of the first transparent base material 121 in the light control member 120 can be suppressed.
  • the first transparent base material 121 contains polycarbonate, and the average value of retardation in a region where the light control cells 130 of the first transparent base material 121 overlap is 400 nm. It is below. According to such a light control member 120, since the retardation of the first transparent base material 121 is sufficiently small, the variation of the visible light transmittance for each wavelength with respect to the variation of the retardation becomes small. For this reason, even if the visible light transmittance fluctuates due to the variation in retardation, it becomes difficult to visually recognize a change in color that may cause rainbow unevenness. That is, the generation of rainbow unevenness caused by the retardation of the first transparent base material 121 in the light control member 120 can be suppressed.
  • the first transparent base material 121 and the second transparent base material 122 are stacked on both sides of the light control cell 130, but only on one side of the light control cell 130.
  • a transparent substrate may be laminated. That is, for example, only the first transparent base material 121 may be stacked on the light control cell 130.
  • the liquid crystal cell 135 of the light control cell 130 uses a liquid crystal of a system that uses two polarizing plates 131 and 132 such as the VA system.
  • liquid crystal of GH (Guest Host) type may be used as the light control cell 130.
  • the transmittance can be controlled by changing the state in which the liquid crystal composition and the dichroic dye composition are randomly aligned and the state in which so-called twist alignment is performed by voltage control. Therefore, it is not necessary to use a polarizing plate in the GH type liquid crystal.
  • one side of the light control member 120 because the dichroic dye composition contained in the GH liquid crystal functions as a polarizer.
  • the retardation of the first transparent base material 121 varies, when light in a polarized state is incident from the side of the first transparent base material 121, rainbow unevenness occurs as in the second embodiment described above.
  • the first transparent base material 121 and the second transparent base material 122 are manufactured by extrusion molding
  • the first transparent base material 121 and the second transparent base material 122 are , May be manufactured by injection molding.
  • Transparent substrates produced by injection molding may have a three-dimensional shape.
  • the transparent substrate produced by injection molding may include a curved surface as a three-dimensional shape.
  • variation in retardation arises in a transparent base material, and it becomes easy to produce a rainbow nonuniformity in the light control member 120.
  • the radius of curvature of the curved surface of the transparent substrate is preferably large.
  • the radius of curvature of the curved surface of the transparent base material in the area overlapping the light control cell 130 is preferably 10 cm or more, and more preferably 20 cm or more.
  • variation in the retardation of the transparent base material manufactured by injection molding can be made small, for example by performing compression molding at the time of injection molding.
  • OCA is employed as the first bonding layer 123 and the second bonding layer 124 for bonding the first transparent base material 121 and the second transparent base material 122 to the light control cell 130.
  • the first transparent base material 121 and the second transparent base material 122 can be bonded to both surfaces of the light control cell 130 in one process, there is no need to bond each surface one by one, and the manufacturing process is simplified. be able to.
  • the light control member 120 receives power supply from the outside, but a solar cell (not shown) is provided on a part of the light control member 120, and this solar cell May be configured to supply power. Furthermore, the irradiation light amount may be determined based on the output of the solar cell, and the transmittance may be automatically controlled accordingly.
  • the application of the light control member 120 is not limited to the sun visor.
  • Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Example 1 are transparent substrates produced by extrusion.
  • Example 7 and Comparative Examples 2 to 6 are transparent substrates manufactured by injection molding.
  • the transparent substrate 155 was disposed between the incident side polarizing plate 151 and the output side polarizing plate 152.
  • the incident side polarizing plate 151 and the output side polarizing plate 152 were arranged in cross nicol.
  • the portion of the transparent base material that is the subject of the most visual change in color was divided by 6 cm square, and retardation was measured at regular intervals at nine points on the transparent base plate partitioned by 6 cm square.
  • the variation and average of retardation measured at 9 points and the results of Examples and Comparative Examples visually observed for rainbow unevenness are shown in Table 5 below.
  • the variation in retardation represents the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the nine measured retardations
  • the average of the retardations represents the average of the measured nine retardation values.
  • the sun visor 10 shown in FIG. 1 can be illustrated as an example to which the light control member 220 is applied. As shown in FIG. 1, a sun visor 10 is disposed inside the automobile 1 at a position facing the windshield 5. The sun visor 10 can reduce sunlight and the like incident through the windshield 5 and can provide a good view to the occupants of the automobile 1.
  • the light control member 220 can adjust the transmittance of visible light. As shown in FIG. 12, the light control member 220 is supported by the first transparent support 230 and the second transparent support 240, which are a pair of supports, and the first transparent support 230 and the second transparent support 240. Light control unit 250, a first bonding layer 223 bonding the first transparent support 230 and the light control unit 250, and a second bond connecting the second transparent support 240 and the light control unit 250. And a layer 224.
  • the first transparent support 230 and the second transparent support 240 are members for protecting the light control unit 250 from scratches and dirt while supporting the light control unit 250 so as to maintain a constant shape.
  • the first transparent support 230 includes a first base layer 231, a first high retardation layer 232 laminated on the first base layer 231, a first base layer 231, and a first base layer 231. And a first functional layer 233 provided at a position farther from the light adjustment unit 250 than the high retardation layer 232.
  • the second transparent support 240 also has a second base layer 241. In the example shown in FIG.
  • the first high retardation layer 232 is provided between the first base layer 231 and the first functional layer 233, and the first functional layer 233. Is a layer forming one surface of the light control member 220.
  • the transparent support provided with the first functional layer 233 that is, the first transparent support 230, uses the light control member 220 in order to effectively exhibit the function of the first functional layer 233 as described later by the user. Sometimes, it is preferable that the side facing the user is provided.
  • having "transparency” has transparency which can see through the other side from the one side of the said transparent support body via the 1st transparent support body 230 and the 2nd transparent support body 240.
  • transparency means having a visible light transmittance of 30% or more, more preferably 70% or more.
  • the visible light transmittance is measured at a wavelength of 380 nm to 780 nm using a spectrophotometer (“UV-3100 PC” manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, a product conforming to JIS K 0115) at each wavelength. Identified as the average value of
  • the first and second base layers 231 and 241 are layers serving as the base of the first and second transparent supports 230 and 240, and are formed of a resin having a sufficient thickness.
  • the resin forming the first and second base layers 231 and 241 generally has optical anisotropy. That is, the first and second base layers 231 and 241 have retardation.
  • the retardation of the first and second base layers 231 and 241 is 50 nm or more and 12000 nm or less.
  • the retardation of the first and second base material layers 231 and 241 may vary by 100 nm or more at each position in the plane.
  • the retardation means the refractive index (n x ) in the direction (slow axis direction) in which the refractive index at each position in the plane of the base layer is measured using light having a measurement wavelength of 548.2 nm.
  • the retardation is measured at nine points at equal intervals in the first and second base material layers 231 and 241 partitioned by 6 cm square, and the maximum value and the minimum value of the nine measured retardations are measured.
  • Means the difference between The retardation can be measured by a parallel Nicol rotation method using KOBRA-WR (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd.) or by a rotation analyzer method using RETS-1250VA (manufactured by Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd.).
  • the first and second base layers 231 and 241 preferably contain at least one of acrylic and polycarbonate, and more preferably contain acrylic.
  • the first and second base layers 231 and 241 may have a configuration in which polycarbonate is laminated between two acrylics.
  • the molecular weight of the acrylic or polycarbonate contained in the first and second base material layers 231 and 241 is preferably 17,000 or more, and more preferably 20,000 or more.
  • the 1st and 2nd substrate layers 231 and 241 may be formed with a glass film. If the first and second base layers 231 and 241 are formed of glass film, there is a risk that the user of the light control member 220 may be injured when the first and second base layers 231 and 241 are broken. In order to reduce, it is preferable to provide an anti-scattering sheet on the surface.
  • the first and second base layers 231 and 241 preferably have a thickness of 0.1 mm or more and 10 mm or less, preferably 0.5 mm or more and 5 mm or less. With such a thickness, it is possible to obtain the first and second base layers 231 and 241 excellent in strength and optical properties.
  • the first and second base layers 231 and 241 may be identical to each other with the same material, or may be different from each other in at least one of the material and the structure.
  • the first and second base layers 231 and 241 can be manufactured by injection molding. Manufactured by injection molding, the first and second base layers 231 and 241 can have a three-dimensional shape, for example, a curved surface. However, when manufactured by injection molding, the retardation of the first and second base material layers 231 and 241 tends to vary. The variation in retardation of the first and second base material layers 231 and 241 can be reduced to a certain extent by, for example, compression molding at the time of injection molding, but the variation in retardation can not be eliminated.
  • the first high retardation layer 232 has higher retardation than the first base layer 231.
  • the retardation of the first high retardation layer 232 is, for example, 4000 nm or more on average.
  • the first high retardation layer 232 contains a resin such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), for example.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PEN polyethylene naphthalate
  • the first high retardation layer 232 can be manufactured by stretching such a resin. Since the first high retardation layer 232 has retardation, it has a slow axis direction and a fast axis direction.
  • the thickness of the first high retardation layer 232 is, for example, 10 ⁇ m or more and 300 ⁇ m or less.
  • the first functional layer 233 may have at least one of an antireflective function (also referred to as an AR function or an LR function) and an antiglare function (also referred to as an AG function). In addition, the first functional layer 233 may have other functions.
  • the thickness of the first functional layer 233 is, for example, 50 nm or more and 20 ⁇ m or less.
  • the first bonding layer 223 and the second bonding layer 224 will be described. As described above, the first bonding layer 223 bonds the first transparent support 230 and the light control unit 250, and the second bonding layer 224 bonds the second transparent support 240 and the light control unit 250. .
  • the first bonding layer 223 and the second bonding layer 224 are so-called OCA (Optically Clear Adhesive) or OCR (Optically Clear Resin). That is, the first bonding layer 223 and the second bonding layer 224 are transparent and have adhesiveness.
  • the first bonding layer 223 and the second bonding layer 224 preferably have substantially the same refractive index as the first transparent support 230 and the second transparent support 240. In this case, the reflection of light at each interface between the first transparent support 230 and the second transparent support 240, and the first bonding layer 223 and the second bonding layer 224 can be reduced.
  • the first bonding layer 223 and the second bonding layer 224 preferably have a thickness of 25 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m. If the thickness is smaller than 25 ⁇ m, the distortion of the light control member can not be absorbed by the bonding surface, so that defects of the air bubble and the light control member (for example, color unevenness due to a liquid crystal GAP failure) tend to occur. On the other hand, if the thickness is thicker than 1000 ⁇ m, it is disadvantageous in terms of mass productivity, cost and strength.
  • the first bonding layer 223 and the second bonding layer 224 may be made of the same material and the same, or may be different from each other in at least one of the material and the configuration.
  • the light control unit 250 includes a first polarizing plate 251, a second polarizing plate 252, and a liquid crystal unit 255 disposed between the first polarizing plate 251 and the second polarizing plate 252.
  • the first bonding layer 223 is provided on the side of the first polarizing plate 251 of the light control unit 250, and the first transparent support 230 is stacked.
  • the second bonding layer 224 is provided on the side of the second polarizing plate 252 of the light control unit 250, and the second transparent support 240 is stacked.
  • the light control unit 250 has the wiring 250c.
  • the wiring 250 c is connected to a control device (not shown) provided in the automobile 1 and provides drive power and control signals to the dimming unit 250.
  • the wiring 250c is preferably formed of a transparent conductor. In this case, the wiring 250c is not substantially visible from the outside, and the appearance of the light control member 220 can be improved.
  • the thickness of the light control unit 250 is, for example, 100 ⁇ m or more and 3 mm or less.
  • the first polarizing plate 251 and the second polarizing plate 252 separate the incident light into two orthogonal polarization components (p polarization component and s polarization component) and vibrate in one direction (direction parallel to the transmission axis)
  • the first polarizing plate 251 and the second polarizing plate 252 are arranged in cross nicol or parallel nicol.
  • Cross Nicol means that the transmission axes of the two polarizers are orthogonal to each other
  • parallel Nicol means that the transmission axes of the two polarizers are parallel to each other
  • liquid crystal unit 255 for example, liquid crystal of VA (Vertical Alignment) system, TN (Twisted Nematic) system, IPS (In Plane Switching) system or FFS (Fringe Field Switching) system can be used.
  • the liquid crystal unit 255 may be a film liquid crystal in which liquid crystal is held by using a film made of resin as a base material, or may be a glass liquid crystal in which liquid crystal is held by using thin film glass as a base. In the case of film liquid crystal, the liquid crystal unit 255 can be provided with flexibility.
  • the light control unit 250 can change the orientation of the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal unit 255 by performing electronic control such as applying a voltage through the wiring 250 c.
  • the polarization direction of light transmitted through the liquid crystal unit 255 may change. For example, when light having a polarization component in a specific direction transmitted through the first polarizing plate 251 passes through the liquid crystal unit 255 in which the voltage is applied and the orientation of the liquid crystal is changed, the light transmitted through the liquid crystal unit 255 has its polarization direction Rotate 90 degrees.
  • the first polarizing plate 251 and the second polarizing plate 252 are arranged in cross nicol, light can be transmitted through the second polarizing plate 252 by rotating the polarization direction by 90 °.
  • the light control unit 250 can adjust the visible light transmittance by electronic control.
  • each component of the light adjustment member 220 has a rectangular shape in plan view.
  • the dimming unit 250 includes an area overlapping the first transparent support 230 and the second transparent support 240.
  • the light control unit 250 does not protrude from the first transparent support 230 and the second transparent support 240. That is, the dimension of the light adjustment unit 250 in plan view is preferably smaller than the dimensions of the first transparent support 230 and the second transparent support 240.
  • the light control member 220 is not limited to the illustrated example, and may be provided with a functional layer expected to exhibit a specific function other than the first functional layer 233 of the first transparent support. good.
  • one functional layer may exhibit two or more functions, and, for example, the first transparent support 230, the second transparent support 240, the first bonding layer 223, and the first light modulation member 220 may be used. Some function may be given to at least one of the second bonding layer 224 and the light control unit 250.
  • a hard coat (HC) function having scratch resistance As a function that can be imparted to the light control member 220, for example, a hard coat (HC) function having scratch resistance, an infrared ray shielding (reflection) function, an ultraviolet ray shielding (reflection) function, an antifouling function, etc. Can.
  • HC hard coat
  • infrared ray shielding (reflection) function As a function that can be imparted to the light control member 220, for example, a hard coat (HC) function having scratch resistance, an infrared ray shielding (reflection) function, an ultraviolet ray shielding (reflection) function, an antifouling function, etc.
  • the first base layer 231 and the second base layer 241 are manufactured by injection molding.
  • the first high retardation layer 232 and the first functional layer 233 are stacked on the first base layer 231, and the first transparent support 230 is manufactured.
  • the first functional layer 233 is formed to be the surface of the first transparent support 230.
  • the first bonding layer 223 is bonded to the surface of the first transparent support 230 opposite to the side on which the first functional layer 233 is provided.
  • the second bonding layer 224 is bonded to one surface of the second transparent support 240.
  • the second transparent support 240 is bonded to one surface of the light control unit 250 via the second bonding layer 224, whereby the light control unit 250 is fixed to the second transparent support 240.
  • the light adjustment unit 250 is provided with a wire 250 c.
  • the first transparent support 230 is bonded to the other surface of the light control unit 250, whereby the light control unit 250 is stacked on the first transparent support 230.
  • This bonding is realized by the first bonding layer 223 previously bonded to the first transparent support 230.
  • Each of the above steps is preferably performed in a low pressure environment, preferably in a vacuum environment.
  • the transparent support (first transparent support 230) on the side opposite to the side facing the user of the light control member 220 includes a member having variation in retardation. It was confirmed that rainbow unevenness could be observed. That is, the rainbow unevenness occurred due to the variation in the retardation of the first base layer 231 of the first transparent support 230. When these phenomena were repeatedly examined, it was estimated that rainbow unevenness would occur due to the cause described below, and it was further confirmed that rainbow unevenness could be effectively suppressed by measures corresponding to this presumed cause.
  • the polarization state of the light changes. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 17, when a member having retardation is disposed between the incident side polarization plate 271 and the emission side polarization plate 272 and the light L5 is made incident from the incident side polarization plate 271 side, the first transparent support Compared to the case where the body 230 is not disposed, the amount of light emitted from the exit side polarizing plate 272, that is, the visible light transmittance, changes according to the retardation of the member disposed between the polarizing plates. The change in the visible light transmittance varies depending on the wavelength.
  • the wavelength at which the visible light transmittance is high changes according to the retardation of the member disposed between the polarizing plates, and the light L6 emitted from the output side polarizing plate 272 corresponds to the retardation of the member disposed between the polarizing plates It is visible in the color.
  • the polarization state of light transmitted through a member having a variation in retardation at each position in the plane varies depending on the retardation at each position in the plane of the member. For this reason, the wavelength with high visible light transmittance changes at each position in the plane of the member. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 17, when a member having variation in retardation is disposed between the incident side polarizing plate 271 and the output side polarizing plate 272 and the light L5 is made incident from the incident side polarizing plate 271 side, the output side polarized light The light L 6 emitted from the plate 272 has high transmittance of light of different wavelengths at each position of the output side polarizing plate 272.
  • the light emitted from each position of the output side polarizing plate 272 becomes light of different wavelengths, and the color varies, and is recognized as rainbow unevenness.
  • Such rainbow unevenness does not depend on the arrangement of the incident side polarizing plate 271 and the output side polarizing plate 272, and for example, even when the incident side polarizing plate 271 and the output side polarizing plate 272 are arranged in cross nicol, parallel nicol Even if arranged by, it occurs.
  • the rainbow unevenness is caused by the fact that light in a polarized state is transmitted through a member having variation in retardation, and is further changed in polarization state.
  • the refractive index (n x ) in the direction in which the refractive index of the member is large (slow axis direction) and the refractive index (n in the fast axis direction) in the direction orthogonal to the slow axis direction the difference between y) (the n x -n y), the product (d ⁇ (n x -n y between the thickness of the member (d) [nm])) is defined by [nm]. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
  • light in a polarized state is generated in the following case.
  • a polarizer such as a polarizing plate as shown in FIG. 17
  • light incident at an angle to the interface of an object with different refractive index in other words light incident at an incident angle larger than 0 °
  • the reflectance differs with the polarization component (s-polarization component) perpendicular to.
  • s-polarization component perpendicular to.
  • light incident at a certain incident angle has a reflectance of zero for the polarization component parallel to the incident surface. That is, when incident light is reflected, the polarization state changes. This angle is known as the Brewster's angle.
  • light incident at an incident angle of about 60 ° changes its polarization state when it is reflected.
  • the light L3 incident on the windshield 5 at an incident angle of about 60 ° changes its polarization state when it is reflected.
  • the transparent support on the side facing the windshield 5 here, the first transparent support 230
  • Rainbow unevenness occurs according to the variation of retardation in the area overlapping the light control unit 250 of FIG.
  • the inventors of the present invention repeatedly study, and by providing the first high retardation layer 232 with large retardation on the first transparent support 230 to enlarge the retardation of the first transparent support 230, the occurrence of rainbow unevenness is realized. We have found that it can be effectively suppressed.
  • the change in visible light transmittance for each wavelength of light transmitted through the member with respect to the change in retardation increases due to the difference in the transmittance of each polarization component.
  • the retardation increases, light of various wavelengths is more likely to be transmitted, so the transmitted light is likely to be mixed and perceived.
  • the visible light transmittance for each wavelength greatly fluctuates and light of various wavelengths is transmitted, so the color of the transmitted light is difficult to be visually recognized visually due to color mixing.
  • the retardation in the region overlapping the light control unit 250 of the first transparent support 230 is 4000 nm or more, the variation of the visible light transmittance for each wavelength according to the retardation becomes very large, and the retardation Even if the visible light transmittance fluctuates due to the variation, the color mixture is visually recognized and the color is difficult to be recognized. That is, rainbow unevenness can be effectively made inconspicuous.
  • the light control member 220 including the first transparent support 230 in order to prevent rainbow unevenness from being observed in the light control member 220 including the first transparent support 230, not only the normal direction (front direction) of the first transparent support 230 but also the normal to the first transparent support 230 It is preferable that the occurrence of rainbow unevenness is suppressed also in the direction inclined from the direction and the observation becomes difficult. Since the light control member 220 is often used in a mode observed at an angle within 45 ° from the normal direction, particularly, a mode observed at an angle within 35 °, the first transparent support In the direction inclined 45 ° from the normal direction of 230, preferably in the direction inclined 35 °, the occurrence of rainbow unevenness is preferably suppressed.
  • the first transparent support 230 is placed between two polarizing plates 271 and 272 arranged in cross nicol as shown in FIG. 2 with the slow axis direction of the first high retardation layer 232 and the transmission axis direction of the two polarizing plates 271 and 272 in the first transparent support 230 disposed at an angle of 40 ° to 50 °.
  • Maximum and minimum values of the spectral distribution [%] of light having a wavelength of 550 nm or more and 650 nm or less that transmits two polarizing plates 271 and 272 in a direction inclined 45 ° from the normal direction of the first transparent support 230 Is preferably 10% or more, and the wavelength of transmitting the two polarizing plates 271 and 272 in the direction inclined 35.degree. From the normal direction of the first transparent support 230 is 550 nm to 650 nm.
  • the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral distribution of the light transmittance of the lower [%] is and finding a more preferable to be 12.5 [%] or more.
  • the slow axis direction of the first high retardation layer 232 and the two polarizing plates between the two polarizing plates 271 and 272 disposed in cross nicol Two polarizing plates 271 and 272 are inclined in the direction inclined 45 ° from the normal direction of the first high retardation layer 232 in a state where the transmission axis direction of 271 and 272 is arranged to form an angle of 40 ° to 50 °.
  • the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral distribution of the transmittance [%] of light having a wavelength of 550 nm or more and 650 nm or less which transmits light be 10% or more.
  • the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral distribution of] has been finding more preferable to be 12.5 [%] or more.
  • the transmittance of light passing through the first high retardation layer 232 and the first transparent support 230 described above is considered to be light with a wavelength of 550 nm or more and 650 nm or less, the retardation of the first high retardation layer 232 is sufficiently large. Because the variation in visible light transmittance for each wavelength of light transmitted is increased due to the fact that there is a difference of 10% or more between the maximum value and the minimum value of transmittance in this wavelength range, in other wavelength ranges This is because it is considered that light of sufficient transmittance is generated and light of various wavelengths is transmitted.
  • FIG. 18 shows the first base material layer 231 having a retardation of 450 nm and a variation of retardation of 150 nm at each in-plane position of the two polarizing plates 271 and 272 arranged in cross nicol as shown in FIG. With the first base layer 231 interposed therebetween in directions inclined 0 °, 20 °, 40 °, 60 ° from the normal direction of the first base layer 231, with the first base layer 231 interposed therebetween. It is a graph showing the spectral distribution of light transmittance [%] in each wavelength range which transmits 272. As understood from FIG. 18, depending on the inclination angle from the normal direction of the first base layer 231, the wavelength range in which the transmittance is increased is largely different.
  • light in the wavelength range of 490 nm to 510 nm is strongly observed in the direction (front direction) tilted by 0 ° from the normal direction of the first base layer 231, and in the direction tilted by 20 °, the wavelength range of 410 nm to 420 nm and The light of 600 nm to 700 nm is strongly observed, the light of wavelength 430 nm to 550 nm is strongly observed in the direction inclined 40 °, and the light of wavelength 560 nm to 620 nm is strongly observed in the direction inclined 60 °.
  • rainbow unevenness occurs in the light control member 220 including the first transparent support of only the layer having retardation like the first base layer 231. It can.
  • FIG. 19 shows the first high retardation layer between two polarizing plates 271 and 272 arranged in crossed nicols as shown in FIG. 17 with a first high retardation layer 232 having a retardation of 4000 nm or more, specifically 8400 nm.
  • the color is not recognized due to color mixture, and no rainbow unevenness occurs. Therefore, in the first transparent support 230 having the first high retardation layer 232, even if it has the first base layer 231 with some variation in retardation, it is considered that no rainbow unevenness occurs.
  • FIG. 20 shows the first transparent support 230 having the first base layer 231 and the first high retardation layer 232, as shown in FIG. 17, between the two polarizing plates 271 and 272 arranged in cross nicol.
  • the slow axis direction of the high retardation layer 232 and the two polarizing plates 271 and 272 are disposed at an angle of 45 °, 0 ° and 20 ° from the normal direction of the first transparent support 230
  • Table 6 below shows the retardation of the first high retardation layer 232 between two polarizing plates 271 and 272 arranged in crossed nicols as shown in FIG. 17 for the first high retardation layer 232 having a retardation of 4000 nm or more.
  • the first high retardation layer 232 is inclined at an angle of 5 ° from 0 ° to 65 ° from the normal direction of the first high retardation layer 232
  • the presence or absence of rainbow unevenness was visually observed.
  • the code “A” in the table represents that no rainbow unevenness was visually observed, the code “B” represents that rainbow unevenness was observed only to such an extent that the view would not be disturbed, and the code “C” "" Indicates that the rainbow non-uniformity was clearly observed to such an extent that the view was obstructed.
  • the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral distribution of the transmittance is 10% or more. Therefore, when the inclination angle from the normal direction of the first high retardation layer 232 is 45 ° or less, rainbow unevenness that hinders visibility is not observed. In particular, in the direction inclined 35 ° from the normal direction of the first high retardation layer 232, the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral distribution of the transmittance is 12.5% or more. Therefore, no rainbow unevenness is observed when the inclination angle from the normal direction of the first high retardation layer 232 is within 35 °.
  • the slow axis direction of the first high retardation layer 232 and the transmission of the two polarizing plates 271 and 272 between the two polarizing plates 271 and 272 in which the first high retardation layer 232 is disposed in cross nicol A wavelength range in which the two polarizing plates 271 and 272 are transmitted in the direction inclined 45 ° from the normal direction of the first high retardation layer 232 in a state where the axial direction is disposed at an angle of 40 ° to 50 °.
  • the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral distribution of the light transmittance of 550 nm to 650 nm is preferably 10% or more, preferably a direction inclined 35 ° from the normal direction of the first high retardation layer 232
  • the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral distribution of the transmittance of light in the wavelength range of 550 nm to 650 nm incident on the high retardation layer transmitted through By it is understood that it can effectively suppress the occurrence of rainbow unevenness.
  • the light control member 220 includes the first transparent support 230 and the light control unit 250 supported by the first transparent support 230, and the light control unit 250 includes the light control unit 250.
  • the visible light transmittance can be adjusted by electronic control, and the first transparent support 230 includes a first base layer 231 having optical anisotropy and a first high retardation laminated on the first base layer 231. And the first high retardation layer 232 has a retardation of 4000 nm or more. According to such a light control member 220, since the retardation of the first transparent support 230 is sufficiently large, the change in visible light transmittance for each wavelength with respect to the change in retardation is large, and light of various wavelengths is transmitted.
  • the transmitted light is mixed and becomes easy to be recognized. For this reason, even if the visible light transmittance fluctuates due to the variation of retardation, it becomes difficult to visually recognize a color that may become rainbow unevenness. That is, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of rainbow unevenness caused by the variation in retardation of the first base material layer 231 in the light control member 220.
  • the slow axis direction of the first high retardation layer 232 between the two polarizing plates 271 and 272 in which the first high retardation layer 232 is disposed in cross nicol Two polarizations in the direction inclined 45 ° from the normal direction of the first high retardation layer 232 in a state where the transmission axis directions of the two polarizing plates 271 and 272 form an angle of 40 ° to 50 °.
  • the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral distribution of the transmittance [%] of light in the wavelength range of 550 nm to 650 nm transmitted through the plates 271 and 272 is 10 [%] or more.
  • the first high retardation layer 232 has a sufficiently large retardation, the variation of the visible light transmittance for each wavelength of the transmitted light becomes large.
  • the difference in magnitude between the maximum value and the minimum value of the transmittance occurs in the above, and light of various wavelengths is easily transmitted. As a result, it is difficult to visually recognize the color of the transmitted light. Therefore, even in the direction inclined 45 ° from the normal direction of the first transparent support 230, it is difficult to observe rainbow unevenness.
  • the normal direction of the first transparent support 230 is 45 °
  • the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the spectral distribution of the transmittance [%] of light in the wavelength range of 550 nm to 650 nm transmitted through the two polarizing plates 271 and 272 in the inclined direction is 10 [%] or more.
  • the first high retardation layer 232 of the first transparent support 230 has a sufficiently large retardation, the variation of the visible light transmittance for each wavelength of the transmitted light becomes large. Therefore, in the wavelength range of visible light, a difference of a sufficient magnitude occurs between the maximum value and the minimum value of the transmittance, and light of various wavelengths is easily transmitted. As a result, it is difficult to visually recognize the color of the transmitted light. Therefore, even in the direction inclined 45 ° from the normal direction of the first transparent support 230, it is difficult to observe rainbow unevenness.
  • the first transparent support 230 is provided at a position separated from the light control unit 250 from the first base layer 231 and the first high retardation layer 232. It further has one functional layer 233, and the first functional layer 233 has at least one of an antireflection function and an antiglare function. According to such a light control member 220, the light control member 220 can be effectively provided with a reflection preventing function and an antiglare function.
  • the second transparent support 240 may further have a second high retardation layer laminated to the second base layer 241.
  • the retardation of the second transparent support 240 to be disposed between the second polarizing plate 252 of the light control unit 250 and the polarized sunglasses Rainbow unevenness can be observed due to the variation of
  • the retardation of the second transparent support 240 can be increased.
  • the occurrence of rainbow unevenness caused by the variation in retardation of the second base layer 241 can be suppressed in the same manner as the rainbow unevenness due to the variation in retardation of the first base layer 231 described above is suppressed. it can.
  • the second transparent support 240 may further have a second functional layer provided at a position farther from the light control unit 250 than the second base layer 241. Similar to the first functional layer 233, the second functional layer may have at least one of an antireflective function and an antiglare function.
  • the first high retardation layer 232 is provided between the first base layer 231 and the first functional layer 233. It is done.
  • the first base layer 231 may be provided between the first high retardation layer 232 and the first functional layer 233. That is, the first base material layer 231 and the first high retardation layer shown in FIG. 12 may be arranged in reverse. In any case, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of rainbow unevenness caused by the variation in retardation of the first base layer 231 in the light control member 220.
  • the second base layer 241 may be provided on the side closer to the second bonding layer 224 or the side closer to the second bonding layer 224 A second high retardation layer may be provided. In any case, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of rainbow unevenness caused by the variation in retardation of the second base material layer 241.
  • the light control unit 250 is disposed between the first polarizing plate 251, the second polarizing plate 252, the first polarizing plate 251, and the second polarizing plate 252.
  • the configuration of the light control unit 250 is not limited to this example.
  • the light control unit may include a plurality of liquid crystal units, an absorption-type polarizing plate provided corresponding to the liquid crystal unit, and a reflection-type polarizing plate disposed between two liquid crystal units.
  • the absorption type polarizing plate transmits one polarization component of light and absorbs the other polarization component, similarly to the polarization plates 251 and 252 in the third embodiment described above.
  • the reflective polarizer transmits one polarization component of light and reflects the other polarization component.
  • the reflective polarizer transmits one polarization component of light and reflects the other polarization component.
  • a first absorption polarizing plate 351, a first liquid crystal unit 355, a reflection polarizing plate 354, a second absorption polarizing plate 352, and a second liquid crystal unit 356 The operation of the light control unit 350 in which the third absorption polarizing plate 353 and the third absorption polarizing plate 353 are stacked in this order will be described.
  • the transmission axes of the first absorption polarizing plate 351 and the third absorption polarizing plate 353 are the same, and are orthogonal to the transmission axes of the reflection polarizing plate 354 and the second absorption polarizing plate 352. There is.
  • a TN type liquid crystal is used for the first liquid crystal unit 355, and the polarization direction of transmitted light is rotated by 90 ° when no voltage is applied, and the transmitted light is transmitted when a voltage is applied. Do not change the polarization direction.
  • the second liquid crystal unit 356 uses a VA type liquid crystal, and does not change the polarization direction of the transmitted light when no voltage is applied, and the liquid crystal falls when the voltage is applied. The birefringence of the second liquid crystal unit 356 is changed to transmit light while changing the polarization direction by 90 °.
  • the light L7 incident on the light adjustment unit 350 from the first absorption polarizing plate 351 side will be described.
  • the light L7 is transmitted through the first liquid crystal unit 355, reflected by the reflective polarizing plate 354 and transmitted again through the first liquid crystal unit 355, The light is emitted from the absorption polarizing plate 351. That is, the light L7 incident from the first absorption polarizing plate 351 side is reflected.
  • the light L7 rotates the polarization direction by the first liquid crystal unit 355, and the reflective polarizing plate 354 and the second absorbing polarizing plate 352 To Penetrate.
  • the light passes through the second liquid crystal unit 356 but is absorbed by the third absorption polarizing plate 353. That is, the light L7 incident from the first absorption polarizing plate 351 side is blocked.
  • the light L7 rotates its polarization direction by the first liquid crystal unit 355, and the reflective polarizer 354 And the second absorption polarizing plate 352.
  • the polarization direction is changed by the second liquid crystal unit 356, and the third absorption polarizing plate 353 transmits and emits. That is, the light L7 incident from the first absorption polarizing plate 351 side passes through the light control unit 350.
  • the light L8 incident on the light adjustment unit 350 from the third absorption polarizing plate 353 side will be described.
  • the light L8 is transmitted through the second liquid crystal unit 356 and absorbed by the second absorption type polarizing plate 352. That is, the light L8 incident from the third absorption polarizing plate 353 side is blocked.
  • the light L8 changes the polarization direction by the second liquid crystal unit 356, and the second absorption polarizing plate 352 and the reflection polarizing plate 354 are changed.
  • the light passes through the first liquid crystal unit 355 but is absorbed by the first absorption type polarizing plate 351. That is, the light L8 incident from the third absorption polarizing plate 353 side is blocked.
  • the light L8 changes the polarization direction by the second liquid crystal unit 356, and the second absorption type polarized light
  • the light passes through the plate 352 and the reflective polarizing plate 354.
  • the polarization direction is rotated by the first liquid crystal unit 355, and the first absorption type polarizing plate 351 is transmitted and emitted. That is, the light L 8 incident from the third absorption polarizing plate 353 side passes through the light control unit 350.
  • the application of the voltage to each liquid crystal unit it is possible to appropriately switch transmission, shielding, and reflection of light incident on the light control member.
  • a first absorption polarizing plate 451, a first liquid crystal unit 455, a reflection polarizing plate 454, a second liquid crystal unit 456, and a second absorption polarization The operation of the light control unit 450 in which the plate 452 and the plate 452 are stacked in this order will be described.
  • the transmission axes of the first absorption polarizing plate 451 and the second absorption polarizing plate 452 are the same, and are orthogonal to the transmission axis of the reflection polarizing plate 454.
  • a TN type liquid crystal is used for the first liquid crystal unit 455, and a VA type liquid crystal is used for the second liquid crystal unit 456.
  • the light L9 incident on the light adjustment unit 450 from the first absorption polarizing plate 451 side will be described.
  • the light L9 is transmitted through the first liquid crystal unit 455, reflected by the reflective polarizer 454, and transmitted again through the first liquid crystal unit 455, The light is emitted from the absorption polarizing plate 451. That is, the light L9 incident from the first absorption polarizing plate 451 side is reflected.
  • the light L 9 rotates the polarization direction by the first liquid crystal unit 455, and transmits the light of the reflective polarizer 454.
  • the light passes through the second liquid crystal unit 456 but is absorbed by the second absorption type polarizing plate 452. That is, the light L9 incident from the first absorption polarizing plate 451 side is blocked.
  • the light L 9 rotates its polarization direction by the first liquid crystal unit 455, and the reflective polarizer 454. Through.
  • the polarization direction is changed by the second liquid crystal unit 456, and the second absorption type polarizing plate 452 transmits and emits. That is, the light L 9 incident from the first absorption type polarizing plate 451 is transmitted through the light control unit 450.
  • the light L10 that has entered the light adjustment unit 450 from the second absorption polarizing plate 452 side will be described.
  • the light L10 is transmitted through the second liquid crystal unit 456, reflected by the reflective polarizing plate 454, transmitted again through the second liquid crystal unit 456, and then subjected to the second absorption.
  • the light is emitted from the polarizing plate 452. That is, the light L10 incident from the second absorption polarizing plate 452 side is reflected.
  • a voltage is applied to the second liquid crystal unit 456 and the first liquid crystal unit 455, the light L 10 changes the polarization direction by the second liquid crystal unit 456, and passes through the reflective polarizing plate 454.
  • the light passes through the first liquid crystal unit 455 but is absorbed by the first absorption type polarizing plate 451. That is, the light L10 incident from the second absorption polarizing plate 452 side is blocked.
  • the light L 10 changes the polarization direction by the second liquid crystal unit 456, and the reflective polarizer 454. Through.
  • the polarization direction is rotated by the first liquid crystal unit 455, and the light is transmitted through the first absorption polarizing plate 451 and is emitted. That is, the light L10 incident from the second absorption polarizing plate 452 side passes through the light control unit 450.
  • the voltage to each liquid crystal unit, it is possible to appropriately switch transmission, shielding, and reflection of light incident on the light control member.
  • each function of transmission, light shielding and reflection by the light control unit 350 can be more reliably exhibited.
  • the light transmittance of the light control unit 350 can be further lowered.
  • each function of transmission, light shielding and reflection by the light adjustment unit 450 can be appropriately switched with a simple configuration.
  • the first transparent support 230 and the second transparent support 240 are stacked on both sides of the light control unit 250, but only on one side of the light control unit 250.
  • a transparent support may be laminated. That is, for example, only the first transparent support 230 may be stacked on the light control unit 250.
  • the light control member 220 receives power supply from the outside, but a solar cell (not shown) is provided on a part of the light control member 220, and this solar cell May be configured to supply power. Furthermore, the irradiation light amount may be determined based on the output of the solar cell, and the transmittance may be automatically controlled accordingly.
  • the application of the light control member 220 is not limited to the sun visor.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
PCT/JP2018/024102 2017-06-26 2018-06-26 調光部材、サンバイザ及び移動体 Ceased WO2019004160A1 (ja)

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