Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
  • E02D13/00—Accessories for placing or removing piles or bulkheads, e.g. noise attenuating chambers
  • E02D13/04—Guide devices; Guide frames
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
  • E02D2200/00—Geometrical or physical properties
  • E02D2200/16—Shapes
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
  • E02D2200/00—Geometrical or physical properties
  • E02D2200/16—Shapes
  • E02D2200/1685—Shapes cylindrical
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
  • E02D2250/00—Production methods
  • E02D2250/0061—Production methods for working underwater
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
  • E02D2600/00—Miscellaneous
  • E02D2600/20—Miscellaneous comprising details of connection between elements
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
  • E02D2600/00—Miscellaneous
  • E02D2600/40—Miscellaneous comprising stabilising elements
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
  • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
  • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
  • E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
  • E02D27/525—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water using elements penetrating the underwater ground
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
  • E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
  • E02D7/02—Placing by driving

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a template for use in installing a plurality of piles relative to one another in an underwater ground formation, comprising a template frame and a plurality of pile guides having parallel pile guide centrelines and being fixed to the template frame, wherein each pile guide is provided with a pile guide frame that surrounds a passageway configured for passing a pile
• each pile guide frame includes an upper end and a lower end and the template has a template centre located in the middle of the pile guide centrelines
• each pile guide is provided with a spacer being fixed to the pile guide frame and protruding into the passageway, wherein the spacer has a pile contact surface for guiding a pile during driving it into the ground, which pile contact surface encloses an imaginary cylinder including a centreline which coincides with the pile guide centreline.
• Such a template is known from EP 2 492 402.
• the known template is provided with guide tubes which have support ribs that extend in the longitudinal direction of the guide tubes.
• the support ribs are provided along the inner periphery of a ring which is arranged round the peripheral surface of the guide tube.
• the ring is divided into two parts which are pivotally coupled to the guide tube.
• the support ribs can pass through openings in the cylindrical peripheral wall of the guide tube. The mechanism allows the support ribs to be rotated outwardly such that the support ribs can release the piles which have been driven into the ground.
• An object of the invention is to provide a robust template which can be easily released from piles driven into a seabed .
• the location of the pile contact surface shifts with respect to the corresponding pile guide frame in a direction from the lower end to the upper end thereof as seen in a direction from the template centre to the pile guide centreline.
• the pile guide rotates with respect to the corresponding pile such that at least a part of the pile contact surface of its spacer will lose contact with the pile due to the shifted profile of the pile contact surface.
• the opening defined by the contact surface changes from a circular to a substantially oval or elliptical shape upon tilting the pile guide.
• the width of the pile contact surface may be much smaller than the distance between the upper end and lower end of the pile guide frame.
• the pile contact surface extends parallel to a plane which is angled with respect to a base plane that extends perpendicular to the pile guide centrelines .
• the spacer comprises a plurality of spacer elements located at angular distance from each other about the pile guide centreline, hence forming a discontinuous pile contact surface comprising discrete contact surface portions at the respective spacer elements.
• the contact surface portions of a pile guide may be oblong and have longitudinal directions which extend parallel to the pile guide centreline.
• the pile contact surface forms a discontinuous belt about the pile guide centreline, wherein the belt has a certain width. When the pile contact surfaces have equal lengths, such a belt has a constant width.
• the contact surface portions of neighbouring spacer elements may overlap each other in a direction along the pile guide centreline. It is conceivable that they do not overlap, for example in case of a small number of spacer elements.
• each of the pile guide frames comprises a cylindrical tube.
• the spacer can be easily fixed to the inner side of the tube.
• the spacer of the pile guide forms a lower spacer and the pile guide comprises an upper spacer which is located between the lower spacer and the upper end of the pile guide frame.
• the pile guide can guide a pile over a large distance by both the lower and upper spacers, whereas only the upper section of a pile is guided by only the lower spacer when the pile has left the upper spacer during its displacement in downward direction.
• the upper spacer may have an upper pile contact surface for guiding a pile during driving it into the ground, which encloses the imaginary cylinder.
• the upper pile contact surface does not require an inclined orientation with respect to a base plane that extends perpendicular to the pile guide centrelines if the piles in practice are driven until their tops reach a position beyond the upper spacer as seen from above.
• the spacer elements of the lower spacer may form lower spacer elements, wherein the upper spacer comprises a plurality of upper spacer elements located at angular distance from each other about the pile guide centreline, hence forming a discontinuous upper pile contact surface comprising discrete contact surface portions at the upper spacer elements.
• the upper spacer elements may be displaceable in radial direction with respect to the pile guide frame, which provides space for a hammer to drive a pile beyond the upper spacer elements.
• the invention is also related to a method of using the template as described hereinbefore, wherein the template is placed on the ground, piles are inserted into the
• Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a template according to the invention.
• Fig. 2 is a top view of the embodiment as shown in
• Fig. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a part of the embodiment according to Fig. 1 as indicated by III-III in Fig . 2.
• Fig. 4 is a side view of the embodiment of Fig. 1.
• Fig. 5 is a similar view as Fig. 4, but showing details of the inner sides of pile guides of the template.
• Figs. 1-5 show different views of an embodiment of a template 1 for use in installing a plurality of piles relative to one another in an underwater ground formation.
• a subsea pile installation template is typically used for installing pre-piling jacket piles onto which a jacket will be placed, for example as a foundation for offshore wind
• the template 1 is positioned on the sea bottom to make sure the piles are being installed at the correct
• the embodiment of the template 1 comprises a template frame 2, for example a welded framework, and three pile guides 3, but a different number of pile guides 3 is conceivable.
• each pile guide 3 has a pile guide centreline 4.
• the centrelines 4 are parallel to each other.
• the pile guides 3 are each provided with a pile guide frame 5 which is fixed to the template frame 2.
• the pile guide frame 5 comprises a cylindrical tube that surrounds a passageway 6 through which a pile can be passed during driving it into the ground.
• An upper end portion of the pile guide frame 5 has a conical portion for easily guiding a pile into the passageway 6.
• Lower ends of the pile guide frames 5 may rest on the sea bottom under operating conditions.
• the template 1 has a template centre which is defined in the middle of the pile guide centrelines 4, in this case in the middle of the triangular shape of the template 1.
• Fig. 3 shows that each of the pile guides 3 is provided with upper spacer elements 7 and lower spacer
• the spacer elements 7, 8 are fixed to the pile guide frame 5 at angular distance from each other about the pile guide centreline 4 and protrude into the passageway 6.
• the spacer elements 7, 8 have respective discrete contact surface portions 9, 10 for guiding a pile during driving it into the ground.
• the contact surface portions 9, 10 are oblong and have equal lengths in a direction parallel to the pile guide centreline 4.
• the contact surface portions 9, 10 are directed to the pile guide centreline 4 and may comprise rectangular flat or curved surfaces .
• the contact surface portions 9, 10 of both the upper spacer elements 7 and the lower spacer elements 8 form a discontinuous upper pile contact surface and a discontinuous lower pile contact surface, respectively, which enclose an imaginary cylinder including a centreline which coincides with the pile guide centreline 4. This means that the upper pile contact surface and the lower pile contact surface may contact and guide a pile during driving it into the ground.
• the upper and lower contact surface portions form respective virtual discontinuous belts about the respective pile guide centrelines 4.
• Fig. 3 shows that the upper pile contact surface runs parallel to a virtual base plane which extends perpendicular to the pile guide centrelines 4, whereas the lower pile contact surface extends parallel to a plane which is angled with respect to the base plane.
• the location of the lower pile contact surface shifts in a direction from the lower end to the upper end of the pile guide frame 5 along the circumference of the tubular pile guide frame 5.
• the lower spacer elements 8 of each of the pile guides 3 are placed in a staggered manner in upward direction as seen in a direction from the template centre to the corresponding pile guide centreline 4.
• the lower spacer elements 8 are positioned such that the contact surface portions 10 of neighbouring spacer elements 8 overlap each other in a direction along the pile guide centreline 4.
• one of the pile guides 3 may clamp to the corresponding pile the most
• the template 1 will automatically tilt about that clamping location during lifting the template 1. Consequently, the corresponding pile guide 3 rotates with respect to the clamping pile such that at least a part of the contact surface portions 10 of the lower spacer elements 8 lose contact with the pile due to their staggered positions with respect to the pile.
• the opening defined by the contact surface portions 10 of the lower spacer elements 8 changes from a circular to an elliptical shape, hence providing the pile guide 3 more room to shift upwardly along the pile.
• the pile guide 3 that initially clamped most severely on the corresponding pile will be released and shift upwardly along the pile.
• another pile guide 3 which initially clamped less severely to a corresponding pile, may increasingly clamp during the lifting operation.
• the same process may repeat when the template 1 subsequently tilts about a location where the other pile guide 3 now clamps the most severely to the
• the upper spacer elements may be displaceable in radial direction with respect to the pile guide frame in order to allow a hammer to pass the upper spacer elements.
• the upper spacer elements may be integrated into a single upper spacer including a continuous upper pile contact surface instead of discrete upper contact surface portions.
• the lower spacer elements may be integrated into a single lower spacer

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
• Paleontology (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
• Foundations (AREA)
• Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
• Earth Drilling (AREA)

Priority Applications (9)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=59923514

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (11)

Families Citing this family (3)

Citations (3)

Family Cites Families (7)

• 2017
  • 2017-06-14 NL NL2019068A patent/NL2019068B1/nl not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2018
  • 2018-06-07 DK DK18732937.0T patent/DK3638855T3/da active
  • 2018-06-07 US US16/621,382 patent/US11391008B2/en active Active
  • 2018-06-07 WO PCT/NL2018/050371 patent/WO2018231049A1/en unknown
  • 2018-06-07 CN CN201880038429.6A patent/CN110832143B/zh active Active
  • 2018-06-07 CA CA3064003A patent/CA3064003A1/en active Pending
  • 2018-06-07 JP JP2019568172A patent/JP7177097B2/ja active Active
  • 2018-06-07 AU AU2018283762A patent/AU2018283762B2/en active Active
  • 2018-06-07 KR KR1020197036799A patent/KR102568573B1/ko active IP Right Grant
  • 2018-06-07 EP EP18732937.0A patent/EP3638855B1/en active Active
  • 2018-06-07 BR BR112019026211-3A patent/BR112019026211B1/pt active IP Right Grant

Patent Citations (3)

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