WO2018228209A1 - 电动汽车声音警示装置及方法 - Google Patents

电动汽车声音警示装置及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018228209A1
WO2018228209A1 PCT/CN2018/089327 CN2018089327W WO2018228209A1 WO 2018228209 A1 WO2018228209 A1 WO 2018228209A1 CN 2018089327 W CN2018089327 W CN 2018089327W WO 2018228209 A1 WO2018228209 A1 WO 2018228209A1
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sound
vehicle
electric vehicle
motor
warning
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PCT/CN2018/089327
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English (en)
French (fr)
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赵永吉
孙亚轩
郝一妃
严竹芳
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比亚迪股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2018228209A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018228209A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q5/00—Arrangement or adaptation of acoustic signal devices
    • B60Q5/005—Arrangement or adaptation of acoustic signal devices automatically actuated
    • B60Q5/008—Arrangement or adaptation of acoustic signal devices automatically actuated for signaling silent vehicles, e.g. for warning that a hybrid or electric vehicle is approaching
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q5/00—Arrangement or adaptation of acoustic signal devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of electric vehicle warning technology, and in particular, to an electric vehicle sound warning device and method.
  • the first method is to add a high-frequency narrow-band sound similar to a buzzer and a horn outside the vehicle;
  • the second method is to record the sound of the engine. The playback of the recorded engine sound is triggered by an algorithm and a single speed variable.
  • a buzzer or the like is added outside the vehicle, although it is relatively easy to implement and low in cost.
  • most of these buzzers emit narrow-band signals dominated by medium and high frequencies.
  • the high-frequency noise signal is relatively sharp, which is easy to cause pedestrians' irritability; on the other hand, the sound quality has no roaring and low-pitched feeling, and the difference between the sound of the traditional fuel car and the pedestrian is not easy to accept.
  • the method of recording the traditional engine sound is relatively easy to implement, the cost is not high, and the playback sound is more authentic.
  • the playback sound is more authentic.
  • no matter what kind of working environment the electric car is in only the same playback sound will be emitted, resulting in a lack of recognition of the sound of the engine being played back.
  • the purpose of the embodiment of the present application is to provide an electric vehicle sound warning device and method, and provide a novel electric vehicle sound warning solution for solving the warning sound of the electric vehicle in the related art, or the identification is not strong and the pedestrian cannot be made. Accepted questions.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electric vehicle sound warning device, the electric vehicle including a motor capable of emitting a first motor sound during operation, the electric vehicle sound warning device comprising: an operating parameter collection unit a first vehicle operating parameter for collecting the electric vehicle; a supplementary sound determining unit, configured to determine a first supplemental sound component according to the first vehicle operating parameter and the sound filling database, where the supplementary sound database is stored a mapping relationship between the vehicle operating parameters and the plurality of supplementary sound components; the warning sound output unit configured to compensate the first motor sound generation target warning sound by using the first supplementary sound component, and to the electric vehicle The target warning sound is output from the outside.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides an electric vehicle sound warning method, the electric vehicle including a motor capable of emitting a first motor sound during operation, the method comprising: collecting a first vehicle operating parameter of the electric vehicle; Determining, according to the first vehicle operating parameter, a first supplemental sound component, wherein the patching database stores a mapping relationship between the plurality of vehicle operating parameters and the plurality of supplemental sound components; using the first supplement The sound component compensates the first motor sound generation target warning sound, and outputs the target warning sound to the outside of the electric vehicle.
  • Another aspect of an embodiment of the present application further provides an electric vehicle including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and operable on the processor, when the processor executes the program to implement The electric vehicle sound warning method.
  • Another aspect of the embodiments of the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, the program being executed by a processor to implement the electric vehicle sound warning method.
  • the collected vehicle operating parameters are combined with a fill-up database pre-stored with a mapping relationship between a plurality of vehicle operating parameters and a plurality of supplementary sound components to determine the first supplemental sound component, thereby ensuring the determined The accuracy of the sound component is supplemented; then the determined supplemental sound component with the desired compensation effect is utilized to compensate for the motor sound such that the vehicle emits a target alert sound that meets the desired requirements. Therefore, a new electric vehicle is provided with an audible warning scheme, which can accurately compensate the motor sound in real time according to the vehicle operating parameters of the electric vehicle collected in real time, so as to output a target warning sound whose sound quality is more easily accepted by pedestrians.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an electric vehicle sound warning device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an electric vehicle sound warning device according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of establishing a sound filling database according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an electric vehicle sound warning device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a warning sound output unit according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the working principle of an electric vehicle sound warning device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flow chart of an electric vehicle sound warning method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electric vehicle sound warning device 10 includes an operating parameter collecting unit 101, a supplementary sound determining unit 102, and an alert sound output unit 103.
  • the work parameter acquisition unit 101 is connected to the supplementary sound determination unit 102, and the supplementary sound determination unit 102 is connected to the warning sound output unit 103.
  • the electric vehicle sound warning device 10 is disposed on an electric vehicle including a motor capable of emitting a first motor sound during operation.
  • the working parameter collection unit 101 can collect the first vehicle operating parameters of the electric vehicle.
  • the supplemental sound determination unit 102 may determine the first supplemental sound component based on the first vehicle operating parameter.
  • the determining the first supplemental sound component is determined by the supplemental sound determining unit 102 based on the first vehicle operating parameter and in conjunction with the patching database.
  • the mapping between the plurality of vehicle operating parameters and the plurality of supplementary sound components is stored in the sound filling database.
  • the warning sound output unit 103 may compensate the first motor sound with the first supplementary sound component to generate a target warning sound, and output a target warning sound to the outside of the electric vehicle.
  • the sound reinforcement database may be provided by the electric vehicle sound warning device 10 itself, or may be disposed outside the electric vehicle sound warning device 10, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the mapping relationship pre-stored in the sound filling database may be determined by a plurality of experiments in advance, thereby being able to utilize the supplementary sound component under the mapping relationship to collect the motor under the corresponding vehicle operating parameters in real time.
  • the sound is compensated to the desired target alert sound.
  • the vehicle operating parameter may be one or more of, for example, a vehicle traveling speed, a motor speed, or a throttle opening degree. Therefore, by means of the fill-up database, the corresponding accurate complementary sound component can be determined according to the vehicle travel speed, the motor speed or the throttle opening degree which are relatively easy to collect in real time, so that the motor sound of the electric vehicle can be compensated to the target in real time. Alert the level of the sound.
  • the target alert sound may be a simulated engine sound, such as an engine corresponding to a fuel car, an engine sound under corresponding operating parameters, and of course other warning sounds that can be accepted by pedestrians.
  • a simulated engine sound such as an engine corresponding to a fuel car, an engine sound under corresponding operating parameters, and of course other warning sounds that can be accepted by pedestrians.
  • the electric vehicle sound warning device 20 adds a sound filling database establishing unit 104 to the electric vehicle sound warning device 10.
  • the fill tone database establishing unit 104 is capable of establishing and updating a fill tone database.
  • the fill-up database establishing unit 104 includes a mapping relationship determining module 1041, a repeat calling module 1042, and a database building module 1043.
  • the mapping relationship determining module 1041 may collect the second motor sound of the electric vehicle motor when the electric vehicle operates under the preselected second vehicle operating parameter, and determine the sound component of the second motor sound that is missing from the target warning sound.
  • the correspondence between the second supplementary sound component and the second vehicle operating parameter is determined as the second mapping relationship; the repeated calling module 1042 is configured to change the second vehicle operating parameter multiple times, and respectively call the mapping multiple times.
  • the relationship determination module 1041 determines a corresponding plurality of mapping relationships.
  • the database building module 1043 can combine the determined plurality of mapping relationships to establish a fill database. By compensating the supplemental sound component of the motor sound corresponding to the pre-selected vehicle operating parameters relative to the target alerting sound, a compensatory database containing the mapping relationship between the supplemental sound component and the vehicle operating parameters is established.
  • the mapping relationship described herein may refer to a one-to-one mapping relationship, may also refer to a one-to-many mapping relationship, and may also refer to a certain mathematical function association relationship. This embodiment does not specifically limited.
  • the first vehicle operating parameter is an operating parameter collected by the vehicle during actual driving
  • the second vehicle operating parameter is an operating parameter of the vehicle collected when the compensating database is constructed.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the establishment of a fill tone database in an embodiment of the present application, in which the target alert sound is a simulated engine sound.
  • the target alert sound is a simulated engine sound.
  • the engine or the motor will emit a certain characteristic sound signal, and the characteristics of the sound signal are in certain vehicle operating parameters (for example, a certain speed, the following is only convenient for speed)
  • vehicle operating parameters for example, a certain speed, the following is only convenient for speed
  • the description is generally constant (unless an engine/motor failure occurs).
  • the sound signal characteristic may be varied as the speed changes, so that a mapping relationship between the vehicle operating parameter speed and the sound emitted by the vehicle can be established. It can also be said that each speed of the car will produce an engine sound, or corresponding to a motor sound.
  • the sound signal of the engine is 1, and the sound signal of the motor is a. Because the structure and working principle of the motor and the engine are different, the generated sound signals are necessarily different, and are processed by professional software. Analyze the motor sound of the electric car at the same speed and the engine sound of the fuel car, analyze the spectral characteristics and order components of the two sound signals, and then determine some sound components of the motor sound that are missing from the engine sound, ie By calculating the sound signal a of the motor, the sound component A is different from the sound signal 1 of the engine.
  • the sound component (A, B, C, ...) of the difference between the motor sound signal and the engine sound signal may be stored in the sound filling database and other vehicle operating parameters (for example, The mapping relationship between motor speed and throttle opening degree, and the acquisition of these vehicle operating parameters can be obtained by conventional means such as reading CAN data through the vehicle CAN bus.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an electric vehicle sound warning device 30 according to still another embodiment of the present application.
  • the electric vehicle sound warning device 30 adds a state parameter collecting unit 105 and an audible alarm triggering unit 106 connected to the state parameter collecting unit 105 on the basis of the electric vehicle sound warning device 10, and the sound warning triggering unit 106 further Connected to the supplemental sound determination unit 102.
  • the state parameter collecting unit 105 is configured to collect a driving state parameter of the electric vehicle, and transmit the driving state parameter to the sound warning triggering unit 106.
  • the audible alert triggering unit 106 is configured to determine whether to trigger the supplementary sound determining unit 102 to perform an operation according to the driving state parameter. Thereby, the vehicle can be automatically triggered to perform an audible alert operation when the driving state meets the predetermined condition.
  • the driving state parameter may include at least one of a vehicle traveling speed and a distance between the vehicle and a nearby individual.
  • the audible alert triggering unit 106 may include a determining module (not shown) and a triggering module (not shown), wherein the determining module may determine whether the collected vehicle traveling speed is less than a predetermined driving speed threshold, and/ Or determine if the distance between the vehicle and nearby individuals is less than a predetermined spacing threshold.
  • the triggering module may trigger the execution of the audible alerting operation when the collected vehicle travel speed is less than the preset travel speed threshold and/or when the distance between the collected vehicle and the nearby individual is less than a preset spacing threshold.
  • the state parameter acquisition unit 105 may include an acoustic wave detection module and/or a camera, thereby realizing detection of the distance between the vehicle and nearby individuals.
  • the sound wave detecting module and the camera in the detecting module are used together, it is possible to more accurately measure the distance between the vehicle and nearby individuals and whether individual pedestrians appear within a certain range.
  • the sound warning device may be automatically triggered to perform an audible alarm when the vehicle speed is lower than a certain driving speed (for example, 40 km/h), or the audible alarm device may be automatically triggered to perform an audible alarm when an individual occurs within a certain range of the vehicle.
  • the driving state parameter may include one of the traveling speed of the vehicle and the distance between the vehicle and the nearby individual. Or, it includes both the speed of the vehicle and the distance between the vehicle and nearby individuals.
  • the determining module included in the audible alarm triggering unit 106 can be configured to determine whether the collected vehicle traveling speed is less than a predetermined driving speed threshold or determine whether the distance between the vehicle and the nearby individual is less than a predetermined spacing threshold; or, determine the collected Whether the vehicle traveling speed is less than a predetermined driving speed threshold, and determining whether the distance between the vehicle and the nearby individual is less than a predetermined interval threshold.
  • the audible alarm triggering unit 106 further includes a triggering module, which can trigger the execution of the audible alert operation when the collected vehicle traveling speed is less than the preset driving speed threshold, or trigger the execution of the audible alert operation when the distance between the collected vehicle and the nearby individual is less than the spacing threshold. Or, when the collected vehicle traveling speed is less than the driving speed threshold, and the distance between the collected vehicle and the nearby individual is less than the spacing threshold, the sound warning operation or the like is triggered.
  • the alert sound output unit 103 includes a sound compensation module 1031, a power amplifier 1032 connected to the sound compensation module 1031, and An alert sound output module 1033 coupled to the power amplifier 1032.
  • the sound compensation module 1031 may compensate the first motor sound by using the first supplementary sound component, and the power amplifier 1032 may amplify the compensated first motor sound according to the distance between the vehicle and the nearby individual to generate the target warning sound.
  • the alert sound output module 1033 can then output the target alert sound to the outside of the electric vehicle.
  • the warning sound output module 1033 can be, for example, a car audio system, thereby saving the occupation of the interior space of the device.
  • the power amplifier 1032 can actively reduce the amplification of the sound pressure level.
  • an embodiment of the present application describes actively superimposing a supplemental sound component on the sound of the motor, it is more likely to cause annoyance to the pedestrian being alerted, so that the sound pressure level becomes smaller as the distance between the vehicle and the pedestrian becomes smaller. Can greatly alleviate the irritability of pedestrians. Due to the existence of the power amplifier 1032, when the sound pressure level is not taken into account when the sound reinforcement database is established, it can be realized that when the electric vehicle sound warning device 10 is implemented, the power amplifier 1032 is used to realize the sound level. Magnification and correction.
  • the motor sound and the supplementary sound component may be first amplified according to the distance of the pedestrian from the car, and then the amplified supplementary sound component and the motor sound are synthesized; or the motor sound and the supplementary sound component may be first synthesized.
  • the synthesized sound is then amplified, in which case the magnification of the motor sound and the supplemental sound component may also be uniform.
  • the sound pressure level of the supplementary sound component when the sound pressure level of the supplementary sound component is different from the sound pressure level of the motor sound under the corresponding motor speed when the sound reinforcement database is established, then when the electric vehicle sound warning device actually works, it may be The motor sound and the supplementary sound component are separately amplified to the same sound pressure level, and then the two are combined, and finally the corresponding magnification is determined according to the relationship between the synthesized sound pressure level and the desired sound pressure level, and the magnification may be It is determined by the distance between the vehicle and the pedestrian. In this case, the process of generating the target sound is first amplified and then synthesized and then amplified.
  • the supplementary sound component can be directly called when the electric vehicle sound warning device actually works. There is no need to amplify it, and only the sound pressure level of the motor sound needs to be amplified. At this time, the compensation process should be implemented after the sound level amplification is performed first.
  • the triggering of the warning device switch of the sound warning device may have two paths, and the first path is when the sound wave is detected.
  • the device automatically triggers when it detects that an individual has appeared within a certain range around the car.
  • the second path is also triggered automatically when the vehicle speed is below 40Km/h.
  • the relevant information such as the vehicle speed and the motor speed is read, and the relevant information is used to query the vehicle speed-sound function library (filling database) to extract the relevant sound from the vehicle speed-sound function library (corresponding to The supplemental sound component in the above embodiment is then combined with the extracted correlated sound and motor noise, and then amplified by a power amplifier to form a final target engine sound (target alert sound) and played through the speaker.
  • the sound pressure level can be determined and the power amplifier can be guided by the participation of the sound wave detecting device, that is, the distance between the car and the individual pedestrian measured by the sound wave detecting device. gain.
  • the relevant sound extracted by the vehicle speed-sound function library at the time of establishment (supplemental sound component) and the motor sound corresponding to the corresponding vehicle operating parameter may be considered at the sound pressure level.
  • the effect of the aspect may be, for example, using a power amplifier to amplify the sound pressure level of one or both of the extracted correlated sound and motor noise at the stage of synthesizing the extracted correlated sound and motor noise as described above.
  • a power amplifier to amplify the sound pressure level of one or both of the extracted correlated sound and motor noise at the stage of synthesizing the extracted correlated sound and motor noise as described above.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electric vehicle sound warning method.
  • the electric vehicle includes a motor capable of emitting a first motor sound during operation, and the method includes:
  • Step 301 Collect first vehicle operating parameters of the electric vehicle.
  • Step 302 Determine a first supplemental sound component according to the first vehicle operating parameter in combination with the supplemental sound database, where the mapping relationship between the plurality of vehicle operating parameters and the plurality of supplemental sound components is stored.
  • Step 303 Compensating the first motor sound generation target warning sound by using the first supplementary sound component, and outputting the target warning sound to the outside of the electric vehicle.
  • the method further includes the step of establishing the sound reinforcement database, specifically comprising:
  • mapping relationship determining step is performed
  • the determined plurality of mapping relationships are combined to establish the fill matrix.
  • the method also includes:
  • the first vehicle operating parameter and the second vehicle operating parameter are one or more of a vehicle traveling speed, a motor speed, and a throttle opening degree, respectively.
  • the driving state parameter includes at least one of a vehicle traveling speed and a distance between the vehicle and a nearby individual.
  • Determining whether to trigger the execution of the audible alert operation according to the driving state parameter comprises:
  • the audible alert operation is triggered when the collected vehicle travel speed is less than the predetermined travel speed threshold, and/or when the collected distance of the vehicle from nearby individuals is less than the predetermined spacing threshold.
  • the compensating the first motor sound generation target warning sound by using the first supplementary sound component comprises:
  • the target warning sound is output to the outside of the electric vehicle.
  • a program instructing related hardware may be completed by a program instructing related hardware, and the program is stored in a storage medium, and includes a plurality of instructions to make one (may be a single chip microcomputer, A chip or the like or a processor performs all or part of the steps of the method described in various embodiments of the present application.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like.
  • any combination of the various embodiments of the present application may be performed as long as it does not violate the idea of the embodiment of the present application, and it should also be regarded as the content disclosed in the embodiment of the present application.

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Abstract

一种电动汽车声音警示装置（10），包括：工作参数采集单元（101），用于采集电动汽车的第一车辆工作参数；补充声音确定单元（102），用于根据第一车辆工作参数结合补音数据库确定第一补充声音分量，补音数据库中存储有多个车辆工作参数与多个补充声音分量之间的映射关系；警示声音输出单元（103），用于利用第一补充声音分量补偿第一电机声音生成目标警示声音，并向电动汽车的外界输出目标警示声音。另外，还公开了一种电动汽车声音警示方法、设备及存储介质。根据实时采集的电动汽车的车辆工作参数来实时精准补偿电机声音，以输出声品质更容易让行人接受的目标警示声音。

Description

电动汽车声音警示装置及方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求比亚迪股份有限公司于2017年6月16日提交的、申请名称为“电动汽车声音警示装置及方法”的、中国专利申请号“201710457500.1”的优先权。
技术领域
本申请涉及电动汽车警示技术领域，尤其涉及一种电动汽车声音警示装置及方法。
背景技术
随着国家对新能源技术的大力扶持，新能源汽车得到了大力的推广。由于纯电动汽车采用电机驱动而不具备有发动机，使得纯电动汽车在行驶的过程中，尤其是低速行驶的过程中声音较小甚至都不被路边行人所察觉，所以新能源汽车对于路人的警示作用的方式很有必要。
相关技术中对于新能源汽车的声音警示方式主要有两种：第一种方式是较传统的在车外添加类似于蜂鸣器、喇叭的高频窄带声音；第二种方式是录制发动机声音，通过算法以及转速单变量来触发回放已录制的发动机声音。
本申请发明人在实现本申请的过程中发现，相关技术的上述方案至少具有以下缺陷:
在第一种方式中，在车外添加类似于蜂鸣器等，虽然比较容易实现且成本低。但是，这种蜂鸣器大多数发出的是以中高频为主的窄带信号。一方面，高频的噪声信号比较尖锐，容易引起行人的烦躁感；另一方面，声音品质毫无轰鸣低沉的感觉，与传统的燃油车的声音相差较大，行人不易接受。
在第二种方式中，录制传统发动机声音这种方法，虽然也比较容易实现、成本不算很高，且回放的声音也是比较有真实性的。但是无论电动汽车处于何种工作环境下，都只会发出同样的回放声音，导致所回放的发动机声音的辨识感不强。
发明内容
本申请实施例的目的是提供一种电动汽车声音警示装置及方法，提供一种全新的电动汽车声音警示方案用于解决相关技术中的电动汽车的警示声音刺耳或辨识感不强而无法让行人接受的问题。
为了实现上述目的，本申请实施例一方面提供一种电动汽车声音警示装置，所述电动 汽车包括能够在工作时发出第一电机声音的电机，所述电动汽车声音警示装置包括：工作参数采集单元，用于采集所述电动汽车的第一车辆工作参数；补充声音确定单元，用于根据所述第一车辆工作参数结合补音数据库确定第一补充声音分量，所述补音数据库中存储有多个车辆工作参数与多个补充声音分量之间的映射关系；警示声音输出单元，用于利用所述第一补充声音分量补偿所述第一电机声音生成目标警示声音，并向所述电动汽车的外界输出所述目标警示声音。
本申请实施例另一方面还提供一种电动汽车声音警示方法，所述电动汽车包括能够在工作时发出第一电机声音的电机，该方法包括：采集所述电动汽车的第一车辆工作参数；根据所述第一车辆工作参数结合补音数据库确定第一补充声音分量，所述补音数据库中存储有多个车辆工作参数与多个补充声音分量之间的映射关系；利用所述第一补充声音分量补偿所述第一电机声音生成目标警示声音，并向所述电动汽车的外界输出所述目标警示声音。
本申请实施例另一方面还提供一种电动汽车，该电动汽车包括存储器、处理器及存储在存储器上并可在处理器上运行的计算机程序，所述处理器执行所述程序时，以实现所述的电动汽车声音警示方法。
本申请实施例另一方面还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质上存储有计算机程序，该程序被处理器执行时，以实现所述的电动汽车声音警示方法。
通过上述技术方案，将所采集的车辆工作参数，结合预先存储有多个车辆工作参数与多个补充声音分量之间映射关系的补音数据库，来确定第一补充声音分量，保障了所确定的补充声音分量的精确性；然后利用该所确定的具有预期补偿效果的补充声音分量来补偿电机声音，使得车辆发出符合期望要求的目标警示声音。由此，提供了一种全新的电动汽车执行声音警示的方案，能够根据实时采集的电动汽车的车辆工作参数，来实时精准补偿电机声音，以输出声品质更容易让行人接受的目标警示声音。
本申请实施例的其它特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
附图说明
附图是用来提供对本申请实施例的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本申请实施例，但并不构成对本申请实施例的限制。在附图中：
图1是本申请一个实施例的电动汽车声音警示装置的结构示意图；
图2是本申请另一个实施例的电动汽车声音警示装置的结构示意图；
图3是本申请一个实施例的关于补音数据库建立的示意图；
图4是本申请一个实施例的电动汽车声音警示装置的结构示意图；
图5是本申请一个实施例的警示声音输出单元的结构示意图；
图6是本申请一个实施例的电动汽车声音警示装置的工作原理示意图；
图7是本申请一个实施例的电动汽车声音警示方法的流程示意图。
附图标记说明
10、20、30    电动汽车声音警示装置  101   工作参数采集单元
102    补充声音确定单元             103   警示声音输出单元
104    补音数据库建立单元           1042  重复调用模块
1041   映射关系确定模块             1043  数据库组建模块
105    状态参数采集单元             106   声音警示触发单元
1031   声音补偿模块                 1032  功率放大器
1033   警示声音输出模块
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本申请实施例的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本申请实施例，并不用于限制本申请实施例。
本技术领域技术人员可以理解，本申请的说明书中使用的措辞“包括”及“包含”是指存在上述特征、整数、步骤、操作、元件和/或组件，但是并不排除存在或添加一个或多个其他特征、整数、步骤、操作、元件、组件和/或它们的组合。应该理解，当我们称元件被“连接”或“耦接”到另一元件时，它可以直接连接或耦接到其他元件，或者也可以存在中间元件。此外，这里使用的“连接”或“耦接”可以包括无线连接或无线耦接。这里使用的措辞“和/或”包括一个或更多个相关联的列出项的全部或任一单元和全部组合。
本申请的一个实施例提供了一种电动汽车声音警示装置，如图1所示，所述电动汽车声音警示装置10包括工作参数采集单元101、补充声音确定单元102和警示声音输出单元103。工作参数采集单元101与补充声音确定单元102连接，补充声音确定单元102与警示声音输出单元103连接。所述电动汽车声音警示装置10设置在电动汽车上，所述电动汽车中包括能够在工作时发出第一电机声音的电机。所述工作参数采集单元101可以采集电动汽车的第一车辆工作参数。补充声音确定单元102可以根据第一车辆工作参数来确定第一补充声音分量。具体的，所述确定第一补充声音分量由补充声音确定单元102基于所述第一车辆工作参数并结合补音数据库确定。其中，所述补音数据库中存储有多个车辆工作参 数与多个补充声音分量之间的映射关系。警示声音输出单元103可以利用第一补充声音分量补偿所述第一电机声音来生成目标警示声音，并向电动汽车的外界输出目标警示声音。
在本实施例中，所述补音数据库可以是电动汽车声音警示装置10自身就具有的，也可以设置在电动汽车声音警示装置10之外，在本实施例中不作限定。
所述补音数据库中预先存储的所述映射关系，可以是预先经过多次实验所确定的，由此能够利用所述映射关系下的补充声音分量，将实时采集的相应车辆工作参数下的电机声音补偿到所期望要求的目标警示声音。作为本申请的一种可选的实现形式，该车辆工作参数可以是，例如车辆行驶速度、电机转速或油门开合度等的一种或多种。由此，借助于补音数据库，可以根据比较容易实时采集的车辆行驶速度、电机转速或油门开合度来确定相应的精确的补充声音分量，从而能够实现实时地将电动汽车的电机声音补偿到目标警示声音的水平。在本发明的一个实施例中，所述目标警示声音可以是模拟的发动机声音，例如对应于燃油汽车的发动机，在相应工作参数下的发动机声音，当然也可以是能够让行人接受的其他警示声音。随着全世界关于电动车行驶声音相关法律法规的完善，我国也即将推出关于《电动汽车低速行驶提示音技术要求》，此标准规定了电动汽车低速行驶提示音工作的车速范围，声级限值，频率要求，通过本申请实施例的实施，可以让电动汽车较佳地达到上述标准的要求。
本申请另一个实施例提供了另外一种电动汽车声音警示装置20，如图2所示，电动汽车声音警示装置20在电动汽车声音警示装置10的基础上增加了补音数据库建立单元104，所述补音数据库建立单元104能够建立和更新补音数据库。具体的，补音数据库建立单元104包括映射关系确定模块1041、重复调用模块1042和数据库组建模块1043。所述映射关系确定模块1041可以在电动汽车工作在所预选定的第二车辆工作参数下时，采集电动汽车电机的第二电机声音，确定第二电机声音相对于目标警示声音所缺失的声音分量为第二补充声音分量，将第二补充声音分量和第二车辆工作参数的对应关系确定为第二映射关系；重复调用模块1042用于多次改变第二车辆工作参数，并分别多次调用映射关系确定模块1041，以确定相应的多个映射关系。数据库组建模块1043可以将所确定的多个映射关系组合以建立补音数据库。通过记录预选定的车辆工作参数所对应的电机声音相对于目标警示声音所缺失的补充声音分量，由此建立了包含补充声音分量和车辆工作参数之间的映射关系的补音数据库。需说明的是，在此所述的映射关系可以是指代一对一映射关系、也可以指代一对多映射关系、还可以是指代一定的数学函数关联关系，本实施例不做具体限定。
所述第一车辆工作参数为车辆在实际行驶过程中采集的工作参数，所述第二车辆工作参数是为了构建补音数据库时采集的车辆的工作参数。
图3是本申请一个实施例中关于补音数据库建立的示意图，在本实施例中目标警示声音是模拟的发动机声音。对于行驶中的车辆，当车辆具有一定的速度以后，发动机或者电动机都会发出一定特征的声音信号，而且这一声音信号的特征在一定的车辆工作参数(例如一定的速度，以下为了方便仅以速度为例进行说明)下一般是不变的(除非产生发动机/电机故障)。该声音信号特征可以是随着速度变化而变化的，这样车辆工作参数速度和车辆发出的声音之间就能建立映射关系。也可以说，汽车的每一个速度都会对应产生一个发动机声音，或者相应会对应一个电机声音。具体的，当车速为v时，发动机的声音信号为1，而电机的声音信号为a，由于电机和发动机的构造和工作原理不同，产生的声音信号必然是不同的，通过专业的软件处理来分析出同样速度下的电动汽车的电机声音和燃油汽车的发动机声音，分析这两种声音信号的频谱特性和阶次成分等，然后可以确定电机声音相比发动机声音缺失的某些声音成分，即通过计算可得电机的声音信号a较发动机的声音信号1相差了声音成分A。以此类推，就能得到不同速度下的发动机声音信号(1、2、3……)总会存在与电机的声音信号(a、b、c……)一一对应的所相差的声音成分(A、B、C……)。因此，电机声音信号与发动机声音信号相差的声音成分(A、B、C……)也跟车速v是为一一对应关系，这样车速和所相差的声音成分(A、B、C……)之间就能建立映射关系。可以理解的是，在本申请其他变通的实施例中，补音数据库中还可以存储电机声音信号与发动机声音信号所相差的声音成分(A、B、C……)与其他车辆工作参数(例如电机转速、油门开合度)之间的映射关系，并且这些车辆工作参数的获得可以是通过车辆CAN总线读取CAN数据等常规手段获得。
图4示出的是本申请又一个实施例的电动汽车声音警示装置30的结构示意图。如图4所示，电动汽车声音警示装置30在电动汽车声音警示装置10的基础上增加了状态参数采集单元105和与状态参数采集单元105连接的声音警示触发单元106，声音警示触发单元106还连接到补充声音确定单元102。所述状态参数采集单元105用于采集电动汽车的行驶状态参数，并将该行驶状态参数传递至声音警示触发单元106。声音警示触发单元106用于根据行驶状态参数来判断是否触发补充声音确定单元102执行操作。由此，使得车辆可以在行驶状态符合预定条件时，自动触发声音警示装置执行声音警示操作。
具体的，所述行驶状态参数可以包含车辆行驶速度和车辆与附近个体间距中的至少一种。进一步，所述声音警示触发单元106可以包括判断模块(未示出)和触发模块(未示出)，其中所述判断模块可以判断所采集的车辆行驶速度是否小于预定的行驶速度阈值，和/或判断车辆与附近个体的间距是否小于预定的间距阈值。所述触发模块可以在当所采集的车辆行驶速度小于预设的行驶速度阈值时，和/或当所采集的车辆与附近个体的间距小于预 设的间距阈值时，则触发执行声音警示操作。具体地，状态参数采集单元105中可以包含声波探测模块和/或摄像头，由此实现对车辆与附近个体间距的检测。当探测模块中的声波探测模块和摄像头配合使用时，能够更加精确地测量车辆与附近个体的间距和一定范围内是否出现个体行人。举例而言，可以是在车速低于一定行驶速度(例如40km/h)时自动触发声音警示装置执行声音警示，也可以是车辆一定范围内出现个体时自动触发声音警示装置执行声音警示。
可以理解的是，在本实施例中，行驶状态参数可以包含车辆行驶速度以及车辆与附近个体的间距中的一种。或者，同时包括车辆行驶速度和车辆与附近个体的间距。相应的，声音警示触发单元106包括的判断模块可以用于判断所采集的车辆行驶速度是否小于预定的行驶速度阈值或者判断车辆与附近个体的间距是否小于预定的间距阈值；或者，判断所采集的车辆行驶速度是否小于预定的行驶速度阈值，同时判断车辆与附近个体的间距离是否小于预定的间隔阈值。声音警示触发单元106还包括触发模块，可以当所采集的车辆行驶速度小于预设行驶速度阈值时，触发执行声音警示操作或者当所采集的车辆与附近个体的间距小于间距阈值时，触发执行声音警示操作；或者，当所采集的车辆行驶速度小于行驶速度阈值，同时所采集的车辆与附近个体的间距小于间距阈值时，触发执行声音警示操作等等。
目前在车辆执行声音警示的时候，由于没有考虑到车辆与个体例如行人之间距离的大小，导致声音警示的声压级比较单一，当车辆距离行人较近的时候，车辆所输出的声音比较刺耳，会引起行人的反感。有鉴于此，本申请的一个实施例提供了一种警示声音输出单元的结构，如图5所示，该警示声音输出单元103包含声音补偿模块1031、与声音补偿模块1031连接的功率放大器1032和与功率放大器1032连接的警示声音输出模块1033。可选的，声音补偿模块1031可以利用第一补充声音分量补偿第一电机声音，功率放大器1032可以根据车辆与附近个体的间距，放大该经补偿之后的第一电机声音，来生成目标警示声音，然后警示声音输出模块1033可以向电动汽车的外界输出该目标警示声音。该警示声音输出模块1033例如可以是车载音响，由此可以节约本装置对车内空间的占用。由此，当检测到汽车距离行人很近时，功率放大器1032可以主动降低声压级的放大倍数。由于本申请的一个实施例描述的是主动在电机声音上叠加补充声音分量，所以更易引起被警示行人的烦躁感，所以让声压级随着车辆与行人之间的距离的变小而变小，能够很大程度上减轻行人的烦躁感。由于功率放大器1032的存在，在当补音数据库建立之时没有考虑到声压级的情况下，可以实现在电动汽车声音警示装置10工作实施的时候，利用功率放大器1032来实现在声音声级方面的放大和校正。
举例而言，在一种情况下，如果在建立补音数据库时，补充声音分量的声级与电机转速对应的电机声音的声压级是一致的，那么在电动汽车声音警示装置10实际工作时其补偿过程和放大过程是不分先后的。也就是说，可以是先根据汽车距离行人的距离来放大电机声音和补充声音分量，然后将放大后的补充声音分量和电机声音进行合成；还可以是先将电机声音和补充声音分量进行合成，然后再将合成后的声音进行放大，此种情况下电机声音和补充声音分量的放大倍数也可以是一致的。在另一种情况下，在建立补音数据库时，补充声音分量的声压级与对应的电机转速下的电机声音的声压级不一致时，那么在电动汽车声音警示装置实际工作时，可以是对电机声音和补充声音分量单独都放大至相同的声压级，然后再将二者进行合成，最后根据合成声压级与所需声压级的关系来确定相应的放大倍数，该放大倍数可以由车辆与行人之间的距离大小决定，在此种情况下目标声音生成的过程是先放大后合成再放大。在又一种情况下，如果在建立补音数据库时，补充声音分量的声级已经达到所需要的声压级时，那么在电动汽车声音警示装置实际工作时，就可以直接调用该补充声音分量而无需对其进行放大，且只需要对电机声音的声压级进行放大，此时应当是先实施声级放大之后再实施补偿过程的。
图6是本申请一个具体实施例的电动汽车声音警示装置的工作原理示意图，如图6所示，关于声音警示装置的警示装置开关的触发可以有两条路径，第一条路径是当声波探测装置探测到汽车周围一定范围内有个体出现时，自动触发。第二个路径是当车速低于40Km/h时也自动触发。当警示装置被触发启动以后，通过读取车速、电机转速等相关信息，并利用这些相关信息来查询车速-声音函数库(补音数据库)，以从车速-声音函数库中提取相关声音(对应于上文实施例中的补充声音分量)，然后将所提取的相关声音和电机噪声合成，再经过功率放大器放大后以形成最终目标发动机声音(目标警示声音)并经扬声器播放。并且，在进行功率放大的过程中，其中可以借助于声波探测装置的参与，也就是功率放大器根据声波探测装置测量的汽车与个体行人之间的距离大小，来确定声压级并指导功率放大器的放大倍数。可选的，在初级目标发动机声音的合成过程中，可以考虑到车速-声音函数库在建立之时所提取的相关声音(补充声音分量)与相应的车辆工作参数所对应电机声音在声压级方面的影响，例如可以是利用功率放大器在上述将所提取的相关声音和电机噪声在声音合成的阶段，来对所提取的相关声音和电机噪声中的一者或二者的声压级进行放大以执行校正(未示出)，关于声压级放大的更具体的细节可以参照上文实施例的描述，故在此不加以赘述。
本申请的实施例提供了一种电动汽车声音警示方法，如图7所示，该电动汽车包括能够在工作的时候发出第一电机声音的电机，该方法包括：
步骤301：采集电动汽车的第一车辆工作参数。
步骤302：根据第一车辆工作参数结合补音数据库来确定第一补充声音分量，补音数据库中存储有多个车辆工作参数与多个补充声音分量之间的映射关系。
步骤303：利用第一补充声音分量补偿第一电机声音生成目标警示声音，并向电动汽车的外界输出目标警示声音。
该方法还包括所述补音数据库的建立步骤，具体包括：
在所述电动汽车工作在所预选定的第二车辆工作参数下时，执行以下映射关系确定步骤，
采集所述电动汽车的第二电机声音，
确定所述第二电机声音相对于所述目标警示声音所缺失的声音分量为第二补充声音分量，
将所述第二补充声音分量和所述第二车辆工作参数的对应关系确定为第二映射关系；
多次改变所述第二车辆工作参数，并分别多次执行所述映射关系确定步骤以确定相应的多个映射关系；
将所确定的所述多个映射关系组合以建立所述补音数据库。
该方法还包括：
采集所述电动汽车的行驶状态参数；
根据所述行驶状态参数判断是否触发执行根据所述第一车辆工作参数结合补音数据库确定第一补充声音分量。
所述第一车辆工作参数和所述第二车辆工作参数分别为车辆行驶速度、电机转速和油门开合度中的一种或多种。
所述行驶状态参数包括车辆行驶速度和车辆与附近个体的间距中的至少一种。
所述根据所述行驶状态参数判断是否触发执行声音警示操作包括：
判断所采集的所述车辆行驶速度是否小于预定的行驶速度阈值，和/或判断车辆与附近个体的间距是否小于预定的间距阈值；以及
当所采集的所述车辆行驶速度小于所述预定的行驶速度阈值时，和/或当所采集的所述车辆与附近个体的间距小于所述预定的间距阈值时，触发执行声音警示操作。
所述利用所述第一补充声音分量补偿所述第一电机声音生成目标警示声音包括：
利用所述第一补充声音分量补偿所述第一电机声音；
根据所述车辆与附近个体的间距放大经补偿之后的所述第一电机声音，生成所述目标警示声音；
向所述电动汽车的外界输出所述目标警示声音。
在利用所述第一补充声音分量补偿所述第一电机声音之前，对所述第一补充声音分量和/或所述第一电机声音进行放大操作。
关于本申请实施例方法中部分或全部的步骤及功能的执行，可以是由搭载在电动汽车终端上的软件来完成的。关于本申请实施例更多的细节和效果可以参照上文关于装置实施例的描述，故在此不加以赘述。
以上结合附图详细描述了本申请例的可选实施方式，但是，本申请实施例并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节，在本申请实施例的技术构思范围内，可以对本申请实施例的技术方案进行多种简单变型，这些简单变型均属于本申请实施例的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是，在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征，在不矛盾的情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合。为了避免不必要的重复，本申请实施例对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
本领域技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分步骤是可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，该程序存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一个(可以是单片机，芯片等)或处理器(processor)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
此外，本申请实施例的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合，只要其不违背本申请实施例的思想，其同样应当视为本申请实施例所公开的内容。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种电动汽车声音警示装置，所述电动汽车包括能够在工作时发出第一电机声音的电机，其特征在于，所述电动汽车声音警示装置包括：
    工作参数采集单元，用于采集所述电动汽车的第一车辆工作参数；
    补充声音确定单元，用于根据所述第一车辆工作参数结合补音数据库确定第一补充声音分量，所述补音数据库中存储有多个车辆工作参数与多个补充声音分量之间的映射关系；
    警示声音输出单元，用于利用所述第一补充声音分量补偿所述第一电机声音生成目标警示声音，并向所述电动汽车的外界输出所述目标警示声音。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电动汽车声音警示装置，其特征在于，还包括：补音数据库建立单元，所述补音数据库建立单元包含：
    映射关系确定模块，用于在所述电动汽车工作在所预选定的第二车辆工作参数下时，采集所述电动汽车的第二电机声音，确定所述第二电机声音相对于所述目标警示声音所缺失的声音分量为第二补充声音分量，将所述第二补充声音分量和所述第二车辆工作参数的对应关系确定为第二映射关系；
    重复调用模块，用于多次改变所述第二车辆工作参数，并分别多次调用所述映射关系确定模块以确定相应的多个映射关系；
    数据库组建模块，用于将所确定的所述多个映射关系组合以建立所述补音数据库。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电动汽车声音警示装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    状态参数采集单元，用于采集所述电动汽车的行驶状态参数；
    声音警示触发单元，所述声音警示触发单元分别与所述状态参数采集单元和补充声音确定单元连接，用于根据所述行驶状态参数来判断是否触发所述补充声音确定单元执行操作。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的电动汽车声音警示装置，其特征在于，所述第一车辆工作参数和所述第二车辆工作参数分别为车辆行驶速度、电机转速和油门开合度中的一种或多种。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的电动汽车声音警示装置，其特征在于，所述行驶状态参数包括车辆行驶速度和车辆与附近个体的间距中的至少一种。
  6. 根据权利要求3-5任一所述的电动汽车声音警示装置，其特征在于，所述声音警示触发单元包括：
    判断模块，用于判断所采集的所述车辆行驶速度是否小于预定的行驶速度阈值，和/或判断车辆与附近个体的间距是否小于预定的间距阈值；以及
    触发模块，用于当所采集的所述车辆行驶速度小于所述预定的行驶速度阈值时，和/或当所采集的所述车辆与附近个体的间距小于所述预定的间距阈值时，则触发执行声音警示操作。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一所述的电动汽车声音警示装置，其特征在于，所述警示声音输出单元包括：
    声音补偿模块，用于利用所述第一补充声音分量补偿所述第一电机声音；
    功率放大器，用于根据所述车辆与附近个体的间距放大经补偿之后的所述第一电机声音，来生成所述目标警示声音；
    警示声音输出模块，用于向所述电动汽车的外界输出所述目标警示声音。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电动汽车声音警示装置，其特征在于：
    所述声音补偿模块用于在利用第一补充声音分量补充所述第一电机声音之前，通过所述功率放大器对所述第一补充声音分量和/或所述第一电机声音进行放大操作。
  9. 一种电动汽车声音警示方法，该电动汽车包括能够在工作的时候发出第一电机声音的电机，其特征在于，该方法包括：
    采集所述电动汽车的第一车辆工作参数；
    根据所述第一车辆工作参数结合补音数据库确定第一补充声音分量，所述补音数据库中存储有多个车辆工作参数与多个补充声音分量之间的映射关系；
    利用所述第一补充声音分量补偿所述第一电机声音生成目标警示声音，并向所述电动汽车的外界输出所述目标警示声音。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，该方法还包括所述补音数据库的建立步骤，具体包括：
    在所述电动汽车工作在所预选定的第二车辆工作参数下时，执行以下映射关系确定步骤，
    采集所述电动汽车的第二电机声音，
    确定所述第二电机声音相对于所述目标警示声音所缺失的声音分量为第二补充声音分量，
    将所述第二补充声音分量和所述第二车辆工作参数的对应关系确定为第二映射关系；
    多次改变所述第二车辆工作参数，并分别多次执行所述映射关系确定步骤以确定相应的多个映射关系；
    将所确定的所述多个映射关系组合以建立所述补音数据库。
  11. 根据权利要求9或10所述的方法，其特征在于，该方法还包括：
    采集所述电动汽车的行驶状态参数；
    根据所述行驶状态参数判断是否触发执行根据所述第一车辆工作参数结合补音数据库确定第一补充声音分量。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一车辆工作参数和所述第二车辆工作参数分别为车辆行驶速度、电机转速和油门开合度中的一种或多种。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述行驶状态参数包括车辆行驶速度和车辆与附近个体的间距中的至少一种。
  14. 根据权利要求11-13任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述行驶状态参数判断是否触发执行声音警示操作包括：
    判断所采集的所述车辆行驶速度是否小于预定的行驶速度阈值，和/或判断车辆与附近个体的间距是否小于预定的间距阈值；以及
    当所采集的所述车辆行驶速度小于所述预定的行驶速度阈值时，和/或当所采集的所述车辆与附近个体的间距小于所述预定的间距阈值时，触发执行声音警示操作。
  15. 根据权利要求9-14任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述利用所述第一补充声音分量补偿所述第一电机声音生成目标警示声音包括：
    利用所述第一补充声音分量补偿所述第一电机声音；
    根据所述车辆与附近个体的间距放大经补偿之后的所述第一电机声音，生成所述目标警示声音；
    向所述电动汽车的外界输出所述目标警示声音。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，在利用所述第一补充声音分量补偿所述第一电机声音之前，对所述第一补充声音分量和/或所述第一电机声音进行放大操作。
  17. 一种电动汽车，其特征在于，包括存储器、处理器及存储在存储器上并可在处理器上运行的计算机程序，所述处理器执行所述程序时，以实现如权利要求9-16任一所述的电动汽车声音警示方法。
  18. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，其特征在于，该程序被处理器执行时，实现如权利要求9-16任一所述的电动汽车声音警示方法。
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