WO2018225754A1 - 液晶表示素子用シール剤、上下導通材料、及び、液晶表示素子 - Google Patents
液晶表示素子用シール剤、上下導通材料、及び、液晶表示素子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018225754A1 WO2018225754A1 PCT/JP2018/021630 JP2018021630W WO2018225754A1 WO 2018225754 A1 WO2018225754 A1 WO 2018225754A1 JP 2018021630 W JP2018021630 W JP 2018021630W WO 2018225754 A1 WO2018225754 A1 WO 2018225754A1
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- liquid crystal
- crystal display
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- BYVYYSPETUQXFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)CCC(c(cc1)ccc1Sc(cc1)ccc1C(CCl)=O)=O Chemical compound CC(C)CCC(c(cc1)ccc1Sc(cc1)ccc1C(CCl)=O)=O BYVYYSPETUQXFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KAKKBZDMZIIRHY-VEWQFJOQSA-N CCCCCCC/C(/c(cc1)ccc1Sc(cc1)ccc1C(c1cc(cccc2)c2[o]1)=O)=N\OC(C)=O Chemical compound CCCCCCC/C(/c(cc1)ccc1Sc(cc1)ccc1C(c1cc(cccc2)c2[o]1)=O)=N\OC(C)=O KAKKBZDMZIIRHY-VEWQFJOQSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/46—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation
- C08F2/48—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation by ultraviolet or visible light
- C08F2/50—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation by ultraviolet or visible light with sensitising agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/10—Materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1339—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sealant for a liquid crystal display element that is excellent in photocurability and low liquid crystal contamination. Moreover, this invention relates to the vertical conduction material and liquid crystal display element which use this sealing compound for liquid crystal display elements.
- a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display element such as a liquid crystal display cell a curable resin and a light as disclosed in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 from the viewpoint of shortening tact time and optimizing the amount of liquid crystal used.
- a method called a liquid crystal dropping method using a photothermal combined curing type sealant containing a polymerization initiator and a thermosetting agent is used.
- the liquid crystal dropping method first, a rectangular seal pattern is formed on one of the two substrates with electrodes by dispensing.
- liquid crystal microdrops are dropped into the sealing frame of the substrate in a state where the sealing agent is uncured, the other substrate is superposed under vacuum, and the sealing portion is irradiated with light such as ultraviolet rays to perform temporary curing. Thereafter, heating is performed to perform main curing, and a liquid crystal display element is manufactured.
- this liquid crystal dropping method has become the main method of manufacturing liquid crystal display elements.
- a narrow frame of the liquid crystal display unit can be cited.
- the position of the seal portion is arranged under the black matrix (hereinafter also referred to as a narrow frame design).
- a narrow frame design the black matrix
- the sealant is arranged directly under the black matrix, when the liquid crystal dropping method is used, the light irradiated when the sealant is photocured is blocked and it is difficult for the light to reach the inside of the sealant. In particular, when the light irradiation amount is lowered, the conventional sealant is insufficiently cured. As described above, when the sealant is insufficiently cured, there is a problem in that the uncured sealant component is eluted in the liquid crystal and easily causes liquid crystal contamination.
- Patent Document 3 discloses that a high-sensitivity photopolymerization initiator having a specific structure is added to the sealant. However, even when a photopolymerization initiator as disclosed in Patent Document 3 is blended, liquid crystal contamination may not be sufficiently suppressed.
- the present invention is a liquid crystal display element sealing agent containing a curable resin and a radical photopolymerization initiator, wherein the radical photopolymerization initiator contains a compound represented by the following formula (1). It is a sealing agent for elements.
- R 1 represents hydrogen, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or an alicyclic hydrocarbon group
- R 2 represents a heteroaryl group
- R 3 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an aryl group.
- the sealant for a liquid crystal display element of the present invention is a content of the above-mentioned photo radical polymerization initiator, especially when the irradiation amount of light irradiated when producing a liquid crystal display element with a narrow frame design by a liquid crystal dropping method is lowered. It can be cured sufficiently without increasing the amount.
- the sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements of this invention contains radical photopolymerization initiator.
- the photo radical polymerization initiator contains a compound represented by the formula (1).
- the liquid crystal display element sealing agent of the present invention is excellent in photocurability and low liquid crystal contamination.
- examples of the linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms represented by R 1 include, for example, methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n- Butyl group, isobutyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, neopentyl group, isopentyl group, sec-pentyl group, 3-pentyl group, ter-pentyl group, n-hexyl group, isohexyl group, n-heptyl group, An n-octyl group and the like can be mentioned.
- examples of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group represented by R 1 include a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cyclopentylmethyl group, and a cyclohexylmethyl group.
- R 1 is preferably an alkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms or an alicyclic hydrocarbon group from the viewpoint of steric hindrance, and more preferably an isopentyl group, an isohexyl group, or a cyclopentyl group, More preferably, it is an isopentyl group.
- examples of the heteroaryl group represented by R 2 include 1-pyrrolyl group, 2-pyrrolyl group, 3-pyrrolyl group, pyrazinyl group, 2-pyridinyl group, 3-pyridinyl group, 4 -Pyridinyl group, 1-indolyl group, 2-indolyl group, 3-indolyl group, 4-indolyl group, 5-indolyl group, 6-indolyl group, 7-indolyl group, 1-isoindolyl group, 2-isoindolyl group, 3 -Isoindolyl group, 4-isoindolyl group, 5-isoindolyl group, 6-isoindolyl group, 7-isoindolyl group, 2-furyl group, 3-furyl group, 2-benzofuranyl group, 3-benzofuranyl group, 4-benzofuranyl group, 5 -Benzofuranyl group, 6-benzofur
- R 2 is preferably a heteroaryl group having an oxygen atom as a hetero atom, such as 2-benzofuranyl group, 3-benzofuranyl group, 4-benzofuranyl group, 5-benzofuranyl group, 6-benzofuranyl group, 7 A -benzofuranyl group is more preferred, and a 2-benzofuranyl group is still more preferred.
- examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms represented by R 3 include, for example, methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, sec -Butyl group, tert-butyl group, neopentyl group, isopentyl group, sec-pentyl group, 3-pentyl group, ter-pentyl group, n-hexyl group, isohexyl group and the like.
- examples of the aryl group represented by R 3 include a benzyl group.
- R 3 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, more preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, or an n-propyl group, and even more preferably a methyl group.
- the photo radical polymerization initiator preferably contains a compound represented by the following formula (2) and / or a compound represented by the following formula (3) as the compound represented by the above formula (1).
- a compound represented by the following formula (2) and / or a compound represented by the following formula (3) as the compound represented by the above formula (1).
- the obtained sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements Since the compound represented by the above formula (1) is very excellent in reactivity, the obtained sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements has high sensitivity and excellent photocurability even if the amount is small. be able to.
- the content of the compound represented by the above formula (1) is preferably 0.1 parts by weight and preferably 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the curable resin.
- the content of the compound represented by the formula (1) is 0.1 parts by weight or more, the obtained sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements is more excellent in photocurability.
- the content of the compound represented by the above formula (1) is 5 parts by weight or less, the obtained sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements is more excellent in low liquid crystal contamination.
- the more preferable lower limit of the content of the compound represented by the formula (1) is 1 part by weight, and the more preferable upper limit is 3 parts by weight.
- the sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements of this invention contains curable resin.
- the curable resin preferably contains a (meth) acrylic compound.
- the (meth) acrylic compound for example, (meth) acrylic acid ester compound obtained by reacting (meth) acrylic acid with a compound having a hydroxyl group, (meth) acrylic acid and epoxy compound are reacted.
- examples include epoxy (meth) acrylates obtained, urethane (meth) acrylates obtained by reacting an isocyanate compound with a (meth) acrylic acid derivative having a hydroxyl group. Of these, epoxy (meth) acrylate is preferable.
- the (meth) acrylic compound preferably has two or more (meth) acryloyl groups in the molecule because of its high reactivity.
- the “(meth) acryl” means acryl or methacryl
- the “(meth) acryl compound” means a compound having a (meth) acryloyl group.
- “Meth) acryloyl” means acryloyl or methacryloyl.
- the “(meth) acrylate” means acrylate or methacrylate.
- the “epoxy (meth) acrylate” represents a compound obtained by reacting all epoxy groups in the epoxy compound with (meth) acrylic acid.
- Examples of the monofunctional compounds among the (meth) acrylic acid ester compounds include, for example, methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, and isobutyl (meth) acrylate.
- Examples of the bifunctional compound among the (meth) acrylic acid ester compounds include 1,3-butanediol di (meth) acrylate, 1,4-butanediol di (meth) acrylate, and 1,6-hexane.
- those having three or more functions include, for example, trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, ethylene oxide-added trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, propylene oxide-added trimethylolpropane tri ( (Meth) acrylate, caprolactone-modified trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, ethylene oxide-added isocyanuric acid tri (meth) acrylate, glycerin tri (meth) acrylate, propylene oxide-added glycerin tri (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate, Tris (meth) acryloyloxyethyl phosphate, ditrimethylolpropane tetra (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra Meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol pen
- Examples of the epoxy (meth) acrylate include those obtained by reacting an epoxy compound and (meth) acrylic acid in the presence of a basic catalyst according to a conventional method.
- Examples of the epoxy compound used as a raw material for synthesizing the epoxy (meth) acrylate include bisphenol A type epoxy compound, bisphenol F type epoxy compound, bisphenol S type epoxy compound, and 2,2′-diallyl bisphenol A type epoxy compound. Hydrogenated bisphenol type epoxy compound, propylene oxide added bisphenol A type epoxy compound, resorcinol type epoxy compound, biphenyl type epoxy compound, sulfide type epoxy compound, diphenyl ether type epoxy compound, dicyclopentadiene type epoxy compound, naphthalene type epoxy compound, phenol Novolac epoxy compounds, orthocresol novolac epoxy compounds, dicyclopentadiene novolac epoxy compounds, biphenyl Novolac-type epoxy compounds, naphthalene phenol novolac-type epoxy compounds, glycidyl amine type epoxy compounds, alkyl polyol type epoxy compound, a rubber-modified epoxy compounds, glycidyl ester compounds.
- Epicron EXA7015 made by DIC Corporation
- propylene oxide-added bisphenol A type epoxy compounds include EP-4000S (manufactured by ADEKA).
- examples of commercially available resorcinol-type epoxy compounds include EX-201 (manufactured by Nagase ChemteX Corporation).
- Examples of commercially available biphenyl type epoxy compounds include jER YX-4000H (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation).
- Examples of commercially available sulfide type epoxy compounds include YSLV-50TE (manufactured by Nippon Steel & Sumikin Chemical Co., Ltd.).
- Examples of commercially available diphenyl ether type epoxy compounds include YSLV-80DE (manufactured by Nippon Steel & Sumikin Chemical Co., Ltd.). Examples of commercially available dicyclopentadiene type epoxy compounds include EP-4088S (manufactured by ADEKA). Examples of commercially available naphthalene type epoxy compounds include Epicron HP4032, Epicron EXA-4700 (both manufactured by DIC Corporation), and the like. Examples of commercially available phenol novolac epoxy compounds include Epicron N-770 (manufactured by DIC). Examples of commercially available ortho cresol novolac epoxy compounds include Epicron N-670-EXP-S (manufactured by DIC).
- Epicron HP7200 made by DIC Corporation
- examples of commercially available biphenyl novolac epoxy compounds include NC-3000P (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.).
- examples of commercially available naphthalenephenol novolac epoxy compounds include ESN-165S (manufactured by Nippon Steel & Sumikin Chemical Co., Ltd.).
- Examples of commercially available glycidylamine type epoxy compounds include jER630 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical), Epicron 430 (manufactured by DIC), and TETRAD-X (manufactured by Mitsubishi Gas Chemical).
- alkyl polyol type epoxy compounds examples include ZX-1542 (manufactured by Nippon Steel & Sumikin Chemical Co., Ltd.), Epiklon 726 (manufactured by DIC), Epolite 80MFA (manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd.), Denacol EX-611. (Manufactured by Nagase ChemteX Corporation).
- Examples of commercially available rubber-modified epoxy compounds include YR-450, YR-207 (both manufactured by Nippon Steel & Sumikin Chemical Co., Ltd.), Epolide PB (manufactured by Daicel Corporation), and the like.
- Examples of commercially available glycidyl ester compounds include Denacol EX-147 (manufactured by Nagase ChemteX Corporation).
- Other commercially available epoxy compounds include, for example, YDC-1312, YSLV-80XY, YSLV-90CR (all manufactured by Nippon Steel & Sumikin Chemical Co., Ltd.), XAC4151 (manufactured by Asahi Kasei Co., Ltd.), jER1031, jER1032 (all Also, Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation), EXA-7120 (DIC Corporation), TEPIC (Nissan Chemical Corporation) and the like.
- Examples of commercially available epoxy (meth) acrylates include EBECRYL860, EBECRYL3200, EBECRYL3201, EBECRYL3412, EBECRYL3600, EBECRYL3700, EBECRYL3701, EBECRYL3702, EBECRY370R ), EA-1010, EA-1020, EA-5323, EA-5520, EA-CHD, EMA-1020 (all manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.), epoxy ester M-600A, epoxy ester 40EM, epoxy ester 70PA, Epoxy ester 200PA, Epoxy ester 80MF Epoxy ester 3002M, Epoxy ester 3002A, Epoxy ester 1600A, Epoxy ester 3000M, Epoxy ester 3000A, Epoxy ester 200EA, Epoxy ester 400EA (all manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd.), Denacol acrylate DA-141, Denacol acrylate DA-3
- the urethane (meth) acrylate is obtained, for example, by reacting 2 equivalents of a (meth) acrylic acid derivative having a hydroxyl group with 1 equivalent of an isocyanate compound having two isocyanate groups in the presence of a catalytic amount of a tin-based compound. be able to.
- isocyanate compound examples include isophorone diisocyanate, 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate, 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane-4,4′-diisocyanate (MDI), hydrogenated MDI, polymeric MDI, 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate, norbornane diisocyanate, tolidine diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate (XDI), hydrogenated XDI, lysine diisocyanate, triphenylmethane triisocyanate, tris (isocyanatophenyl) thiophosphate, tetramethylxylylene diene Isocyanate, 1,6,11-undecane triisocyanate and the like.
- MDI diphenylmethane-4,4′-diisocyanate
- XDI
- the isocyanate compound is obtained by, for example, reacting a polyol such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerin, sorbitol, trimethylolpropane, carbonate diol, polyether diol, polyester diol, polycaprolactone diol and an excess isocyanate compound. It is also possible to use chain-extended isocyanate compounds.
- Examples of the (meth) acrylic acid derivative having a hydroxyl group include 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, and 4-hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate.
- ethylene glycol propylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, polyethylene glycol, and other mono (meth) acrylates
- mono (meth) acrylates or di (meth) acrylates of trivalent alcohols such as methylolethane, trimethylolpropane, and glycerin
- epoxy (meth) acrylates such as bisphenol A type epoxy acrylate.
- Examples of commercially available urethane (meth) acrylates include M-1100, M-1200, M-1210, M-1600 (all manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.), EBECRYL210, EBECRYL220, EBECRYL230, EBECRYL270, EBECRYL1290, EBECRYL2220, EBECRYL4827, EBECRYL4842, EBECRYL4858, EBECRYL5129, EBECRYL6700, EBECRYL8402, EBECRYL8803, EBECRYL8804, EBECRYL8804 , Art resin N-1255, Art Resin UN-3320HB, Art Resin UN-7100, Art Resin UN-9000A, Art Resin UN-9000H (all manufactured by Negami Industrial Co., Ltd.), U-2HA, U-2PHA, U-3HA, U- 4HA, U-6H, U-6HA, U-6LPA, U-10H, U-15HA, U
- the curable resin preferably further contains an epoxy compound for the purpose of improving the adhesiveness of the obtained sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements.
- an epoxy compound for the purpose of improving the adhesiveness of the obtained sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements.
- combining the epoxy (meth) acrylate mentioned above, a partial (meth) acryl modified epoxy compound, etc. are mentioned, for example.
- the partial (meth) acryl-modified epoxy compound means a compound having one or more epoxy groups and (meth) acryloyl groups in one molecule, for example, two in one molecule. It can be obtained by reacting a part of the epoxy group having an epoxy group with (meth) acrylic acid.
- the sealing compound for liquid crystal display elements of the present invention contains the epoxy compound
- the (meth) acrylic compound and the epoxy are controlled so that the ratio of (meth) acryloyl group to epoxy group is 30:70 to 95: 5. It is preferable to blend with a compound.
- the ratio of the (meth) acryloyl group is 30% or more, the obtained sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements is more excellent in low liquid crystal contamination.
- the ratio of the (meth) acryloyl group is 95% or less, the obtained sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements is more excellent in adhesiveness.
- the curable resin preferably has a hydrogen bondable unit such as —OH group, —NH— group, —NH 2 group, etc. from the viewpoint of suppressing liquid crystal contamination.
- the sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements of the present invention may contain a thermal radical polymerization initiator.
- a thermal radical polymerization initiator what consists of an azo compound, an organic peroxide, etc. is mentioned, for example.
- an initiator made of a polymer azo compound (hereinafter also referred to as “polymer azo initiator”) is preferable.
- the polymer azo initiator means a compound having an azo group and generating a radical capable of curing a (meth) acryloyl group by heat and having a number average molecular weight of 300 or more.
- the preferable lower limit of the number average molecular weight of the polymeric azo initiator is 1000, and the preferable upper limit is 300,000.
- the more preferable lower limit of the number average molecular weight of the polymeric azo initiator is 5000, the more preferable upper limit is 100,000, the still more preferable lower limit is 10,000, and the still more preferable upper limit is 90,000.
- the said number average molecular weight is a value calculated
- polymer azo initiator examples include those having a structure in which a plurality of units such as polyalkylene oxide and polydimethylsiloxane are bonded via an azo group.
- polymer azo initiator having a structure in which a plurality of units such as polyalkylene oxide are bonded via the azo group those having a polyethylene oxide structure are preferable.
- Examples of such a polymer azo initiator include polycondensates of 4,4′-azobis (4-cyanopentanoic acid) and polyalkylene glycol, and 4,4′-azobis (4-cyanopentanoic acid) Examples thereof include polycondensates of polydimethylsiloxane having a terminal amino group, such as VPE-0201, VPE-0401, VPE-0601, VPS-0501, VPS-1001 (all of which are Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) Manufactured) and the like.
- Examples of azo compounds that are not polymers include V-65 and V-501 (both manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.).
- organic peroxide examples include ketone peroxide, peroxyketal, hydroperoxide, dialkyl peroxide, peroxyester, diacyl peroxide, and peroxydicarbonate.
- the content of the thermal radical polymerization initiator is preferably 0.05 parts by weight and preferably 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the curable resin.
- the content of the thermal radical polymerization initiator is within this range, the liquid crystal display element sealant obtained is more excellent in thermosetting while suppressing liquid crystal contamination by the unreacted thermal radical polymerization initiator.
- the minimum with more preferable content of the said thermal radical polymerization initiator is 0.1 weight part, and a more preferable upper limit is 5 weight part.
- the sealing compound for liquid crystal display elements of this invention contains a thermosetting agent.
- the thermosetting agent include organic acid hydrazides, imidazole derivatives, amine compounds, polyhydric phenol compounds, acid anhydrides, and the like. Of these, organic acid hydrazide is preferably used.
- organic acid hydrazide examples include sebacic acid dihydrazide, isophthalic acid dihydrazide, adipic acid dihydrazide, malonic acid dihydrazide, and the like.
- organic acid hydrazides examples include, for example, SDH, ADH (all manufactured by Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd.), Amicure VDH, Amicure VDH-J, Amicure UDH, Amicure UDH-J (all Ajinomoto Fine Techno Co., Ltd.) Manufactured) and the like.
- the content of the thermosetting agent is preferably 1 part by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the curable resin, and 50 parts by weight with respect to the preferable upper limit.
- the content of the thermosetting agent is 1 part by weight or more, the obtained sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements is more excellent in thermosetting.
- the content of the thermosetting agent is 50 parts by weight or less, the viscosity of the obtained sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements does not become too high, and the applicability is excellent.
- the upper limit with more preferable content of the said thermosetting agent is 30 weight part.
- the sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements of the present invention may contain a filler for the purpose of improving the viscosity, improving the adhesion due to the stress dispersion effect, improving the linear expansion coefficient, and further improving the moisture resistance of the cured product. preferable.
- the filler examples include silica, talc, glass beads, asbestos, gypsum, diatomaceous earth, smectite, bentonite, montmorillonite, sericite, activated clay, alumina, zinc oxide, iron oxide, magnesium oxide, tin oxide, titanium oxide,
- Organic fillers such as calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, barium sulfate, and calcium silicate, and organic materials such as polyester fine particles, polyurethane fine particles, vinyl polymer fine particles, and acrylic polymer fine particles A filler is mentioned.
- the preferable lower limit of the content of the filler in 100 parts by weight of the sealant for liquid crystal display elements of the present invention is 10 parts by weight, and the preferable upper limit is 70 parts by weight.
- the content of the filler is 10 parts by weight or more, the effect such as improvement of adhesiveness is excellent.
- the content of the filler is 70 parts by weight or less, the viscosity of the obtained sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements does not become too high, and the coating property is excellent.
- the minimum with more preferable content of the said filler is 20 weight part, and a more preferable upper limit is 60 weight part.
- the sealing compound for liquid crystal display elements of this invention contains a silane coupling agent.
- the silane coupling agent mainly has a role as an adhesion assistant for favorably bonding the sealing agent and the substrate.
- silane coupling agent since it is excellent in the effect which improves adhesiveness with a board
- -Aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-isocyanatopropyltrimethoxysilane and the like are preferably used.
- the minimum with preferable content of the said silane coupling agent in 100 weight part of sealing compounds for liquid crystal display elements of this invention is 0.1 weight part, and a preferable upper limit is 10 weight part.
- a preferable upper limit is 10 weight part.
- the minimum with more preferable content of the said silane coupling agent is 0.3 weight part, and a more preferable upper limit is 5 weight part.
- the sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements of the present invention may contain a light shielding agent.
- the sealing compound for liquid crystal display elements of this invention can be used suitably as a light shielding sealing agent.
- Examples of the light-shielding agent include iron oxide, titanium black, aniline black, cyanine black, fullerene, carbon black, and resin-coated carbon black. Of these, titanium black is preferable.
- Titanium black is a substance having a higher transmittance in the vicinity of the ultraviolet region, particularly for light having a wavelength of 370 to 450 nm, compared to the average transmittance for light having a wavelength of 300 to 800 nm. That is, the above-described titanium black sufficiently shields light having a wavelength in the visible light region, thereby providing a light shielding property to the sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements of the present invention, while transmitting light having a wavelength in the vicinity of the ultraviolet region.
- the light shielding agent contained in the liquid crystal display element sealant of the present invention is preferably a highly insulating material, and titanium black is also preferred as the highly insulating light shielding agent.
- the above-mentioned titanium black exhibits a sufficient effect even if it is not surface-treated, but the surface is treated with an organic component such as a coupling agent, silicon oxide, titanium oxide, germanium oxide, aluminum oxide, oxidized Surface-treated titanium black such as those coated with an inorganic component such as zirconium or magnesium oxide can also be used. Especially, what is processed with the organic component is preferable at the point which can improve insulation more.
- the liquid crystal display element produced using the sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements of the present invention containing the above-described titanium black as a light-shielding agent has a sufficient light-shielding property, and thus has high contrast without light leakage. A liquid crystal display element having excellent image display quality can be realized.
- titanium black examples include 12S, 13M, 13M-C, 13R-N, 14M-C (all manufactured by Mitsubishi Materials Corporation), Tilak D (manufactured by Ako Kasei Co., Ltd.), and the like. Can be mentioned.
- the preferable lower limit of the specific surface area of the titanium black is 13 m 2 / g, the preferable upper limit is 30 m 2 / g, the more preferable lower limit is 15 m 2 / g, and the more preferable upper limit is 25 m 2 / g.
- the preferred lower limit of the volume resistance of the titanium black is 0.5 ⁇ ⁇ cm, the preferred upper limit is 3 ⁇ ⁇ cm, the more preferred lower limit is 1 ⁇ ⁇ cm, and the more preferred upper limit is 2.5 ⁇ ⁇ cm.
- the primary particle diameter of the said light-shielding agent will not be specifically limited if it is below the distance between the board
- the more preferable lower limit of the primary particle diameter of the light shielding agent is 5 nm
- the more preferable upper limit is 200 nm
- the still more preferable lower limit is 10 nm
- the still more preferable upper limit is 100 nm.
- the primary particle size of the light shielding agent can be measured by using NICOMP 380ZLS (manufactured by PARTICS SIZING SYSTEMS) and dispersing the light shielding agent in a solvent (water, organic solvent, etc.).
- the preferable lower limit of the content of the light-shielding agent in 100 parts by weight of the sealant for liquid crystal display elements of the present invention is 5 parts by weight, and the preferable upper limit is 80 parts by weight.
- the content of the light-shielding agent is 5 parts by weight or more, the obtained sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements is more excellent in light-shielding properties.
- the content of the light-shielding agent is 80 parts by weight or less, the obtained sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements is excellent in adhesion to the substrate, strength after curing, and drawing properties.
- the more preferable lower limit of the content of the light shielding agent is 10 parts by weight, the more preferable upper limit is 70 parts by weight, the still more preferable lower limit is 30 parts by weight, and the still more preferable upper limit is 60 parts by weight.
- the sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements of the present invention is further added with a stress relaxation agent, reactive diluent, thixotropic agent, spacer, curing accelerator, antifoaming agent, leveling agent, polymerization inhibitor, etc., if necessary.
- An agent may be contained.
- a method for producing the sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements of the present invention for example, using a mixer such as a homodisper, a homomixer, a universal mixer, a planetary mixer, a kneader, or a three roll, a curable resin, a light
- a mixer such as a homodisper, a homomixer, a universal mixer, a planetary mixer, a kneader, or a three roll, a curable resin, a light
- a mixer such as a homodisper, a homomixer, a universal mixer, a planetary mixer, a kneader, or a three roll, a curable resin, a light
- a method for producing the sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements of the present invention for example, using a mixer such as a homodisper, a homomixer, a universal mixer, a planetary mixer, a kneader, or a three roll, a curable resin,
- a vertical conducting material can be produced by blending conductive fine particles with the liquid crystal display element sealant of the present invention.
- Such a vertical conduction material containing the sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements of the present invention and conductive fine particles is also one aspect of the present invention.
- the conductive fine particles a metal ball, a resin fine particle formed with a conductive metal layer on the surface, or the like can be used.
- the one in which the conductive metal layer is formed on the surface of the resin fine particles is preferable because the conductive connection is possible without damaging the transparent substrate due to the excellent elasticity of the resin fine particles.
- the liquid crystal display element using the sealing agent for liquid crystal display elements of this invention or the vertical conduction material of this invention is also one of this invention.
- a liquid crystal dropping method is preferably used.
- the liquid crystal display element sealant of the present invention is applied to one of two substrates such as a glass substrate with electrodes such as an ITO thin film or a polyethylene terephthalate substrate by screen printing, dispenser application, or the like.
- the step of forming a frame-shaped seal pattern, the liquid crystal display element sealant of the present invention is uncured, and a liquid crystal micro-droplet is dropped into the frame of the substrate seal pattern, and another substrate is formed under vacuum.
- a step of irradiating the seal pattern portion of the sealant for the liquid crystal display element of the present invention with light such as ultraviolet rays to temporarily cure the sealant, and heating the temporarily cured sealant examples thereof include a method having a step of main curing.
- the sealing compound for liquid crystal display elements which is excellent in photocurability and low liquid-crystal contamination can be provided.
- the vertical conduction material and liquid crystal display element which use this sealing compound for liquid crystal display elements can be provided.
- Examples 1 to 4 Comparative Examples 1 and 2
- a planetary stirrer (“Shinky Co., Ltd.,“ Awatori Nertaro ”), and then mixed using three rolls.
- the sealants for liquid crystal display elements 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were prepared.
- a glass substrate was prepared by dispersing 1 part by weight of spacer fine particles (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., “Micropearl SI-H050”) in 100 parts by weight of the sealant for each liquid crystal display element obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples. Applied. A glass substrate of the same size was superimposed on the substrate after application, and then irradiated with light using a metal halide lamp so that the irradiation amount was 1000 mJ / cm 2 , thereby producing a photocurable test piece. Light irradiation was carried out in two patterns with no cut filter and with a cut filter of 400 nm or less, and three test pieces were produced for each.
- the peak area of 815 to 800 cm ⁇ 1 is defined as the peak area derived from the acryloyl group, and the amount of change in the peak area derived from the acryloyl group before and after light irradiation is measured. The photocurability was evaluated.
- the peak area derived from the acryloyl group was derived using a peak area of 845 to 820 cm ⁇ 1 as a reference peak area.
- ⁇ indicates that the peak area derived from acryloyl group is reduced by 90% or more after light irradiation
- “ ⁇ ” indicates that the peak area derived from acryloyl group is decreased by 80% or more and less than 90% after light irradiation
- acryloyl after light irradiation The case where the reduction in the peak area derived from the group was less than 80% was evaluated as “x” and the photocurability was evaluated.
- change_quantity before and behind light irradiation of the peak area derived from an acryloyl group took the average value obtained from three test pieces.
- a metal halide lamp was used to irradiate light so that the irradiation amount was 1000 mJ / cm 2 to cure the sealant, and further heated at 120 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain a liquid crystal display element.
- Light irradiation was carried out in two patterns with no cut filter and with a 400 nm or less cut filter, and three liquid crystal display elements were produced for each.
- the liquid-crystal contamination of the sealant vicinity after making it into a voltage application state at 60 degreeC for 1000 hours was confirmed visually. Liquid crystal contamination was judged according to the following criteria according to the degree of color unevenness of the three liquid crystal display elements.
- ⁇ indicates that there is no color unevenness in all liquid crystal display elements
- ⁇ indicates that there is slight color unevenness in at least one liquid crystal display element
- colors in at least one liquid crystal display element The display performance of the liquid crystal display element was evaluated with “ ⁇ ” when there was little unevenness and “X” when there was considerable color unevenness in at least one liquid crystal display element. Note that the liquid crystal display elements with the evaluations “ ⁇ ” and “ ⁇ ” are at a level that causes no problem in practical use.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining a method for evaluating light-curing portion curability.
- the ultraviolet direct irradiation part location A
- the point 25 ⁇ m away from the ultraviolet direct irradiation part to the light shielding part side location B
- 50 ⁇ m away from the ultraviolet direct irradiation part to the light shielding part side location C
- an acryloyl group-derived peak was confirmed using an infrared spectroscopic device (manufactured by BIORAD, “FTS3000”).
- the conversion ratio of acryloyl group was calculated by the following formula, with the peak area of 815 to 800 cm ⁇ 1 as the peak area derived from acryloyl group and the peak area of 845 to 820 cm ⁇ 1 as the reference peak area.
- the case where the conversion rate of the acryloyl group is 75% or more is “ ⁇ ”
- the case where it is 60% or more and less than 75% is “ ⁇ ”
- the case where it is 50% or more and less than 60% is “ ⁇ ”
- 50% When it was less than "x” the light-shielding part curability was evaluated.
- the sealing compound for liquid crystal display elements which is excellent in photocurability and low liquid-crystal contamination can be provided.
- the vertical conduction material and liquid crystal display element which use this sealing compound for liquid crystal display elements can be provided.
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Abstract
Description
液晶滴下工法では、まず、2枚の電極付き基板の一方に、ディスペンスにより長方形状のシールパターンを形成する。次いで、シール剤が未硬化の状態で液晶の微小滴を基板のシール枠内に滴下し、真空下で他方の基板を重ね合わせ、シール部に紫外線等の光を照射して仮硬化を行う。その後、加熱して本硬化を行い、液晶表示素子を作製する。現在この液晶滴下工法が液晶表示素子の製造方法の主流となっている。
以下に本発明を詳述する。
本発明の液晶表示素子用シール剤は、特に、液晶滴下工法により狭額縁設計の液晶表示素子を製造する際に照射する光の照射量を低くした場合でも、上記光ラジカル重合開始剤の含有量を多くすることなく充分に硬化できる。
上記光ラジカル重合開始剤は、上記式(1)で表される化合物を含有する。上記式(1)で表される化合物を光ラジカル重合開始剤として含有することにより、本発明の液晶表示素子用シール剤は、光硬化性及び低液晶汚染性に優れるものとなる。
上記式(1)中、R1で表される脂環式炭化水素基としては、例えば、シクロプロピル基、シクロブチル基、シクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基、シクロペンチルメチル基、シクロヘキシルメチル基等が挙げられる。
なかでも、上記R1は、立体障害の観点から炭素数3以上6以下のアルキル基又は脂環式炭化水素基であることが好ましく、イソペンチル基、イソヘキシル基、シクロペンチル基であることがより好ましく、イソペンチル基であることが更に好ましい。
なかでも、上記R2は、ヘテロ原子として酸素原子を有するヘテロアリール基であることが好ましく、2-ベンゾフラニル基、3-ベンゾフラニル基、4-ベンゾフラニル基、5-ベンゾフラニル基、6-ベンゾフラニル基、7-ベンゾフラニル基であることがより好ましく、2-ベンゾフラニル基であることが更に好ましい。
上記式(1)中、R3で表されるアリール基としては、例えば、ベンジル基等が挙げられる。
なかでも、上記R3は、炭素数1以上6以下のアルキル基であることが好ましく、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基であることがより好ましく、メチル基であることが更に好ましい。
具体的には、上記式(1)で表される化合物の含有量は、硬化性樹脂100重量部に対して、好ましい下限が0.1重量部、好ましい上限が5重量部である。上記式(1)で表される化合物の含有量が0.1重量部以上であることにより、得られる液晶表示素子用シール剤が光硬化性により優れるものとなる。上記式(1)で表される化合物の含有量が5重量部以下であることにより、得られる液晶表示素子用シール剤が、低液晶汚染性により優れるものとなる。上記式(1)で表される化合物の含有量のより好ましい下限は1重量部、より好ましい上限は3重量部である。
上記硬化性樹脂は、(メタ)アクリル化合物を含有することが好ましい。
上記(メタ)アクリル化合物としては、例えば、(メタ)アクリル酸に水酸基を有する化合物を反応させることにより得られる(メタ)アクリル酸エステル化合物、(メタ)アクリル酸とエポキシ化合物とを反応させることにより得られるエポキシ(メタ)アクリレート、イソシアネート化合物に水酸基を有する(メタ)アクリル酸誘導体を反応させることにより得られるウレタン(メタ)アクリレート等が挙げられる。なかでも、エポキシ(メタ)アクリレートが好ましい。また、上記(メタ)アクリル化合物は、反応性の高さから分子中に(メタ)アクリロイル基を2個以上有するものが好ましい。
なお、本明細書において、上記「(メタ)アクリル」とは、アクリル又はメタクリルを意味し、上記「(メタ)アクリル化合物」とは、(メタ)アクリロイル基を有する化合物を意味し、上記「(メタ)アクリロイル」とは、アクリロイル又はメタクリロイルを意味する。また、上記「(メタ)アクリレート」とは、アクリレート又はメタクリレートを意味する。更に、上記「エポキシ(メタ)アクリレート」とは、エポキシ化合物中の全てのエポキシ基を(メタ)アクリル酸と反応させた化合物のことを表す。
上記ビスフェノールF型エポキシ化合物のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、jER806、jER4004(いずれも三菱化学社製)等が挙げられる。
上記ビスフェノールS型エポキシ化合物のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、エピクロンEXA1514(DIC社製)等が挙げられる。
上記2,2’-ジアリルビスフェノールA型エポキシ化合物のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、RE-810NM(日本化薬社製)等が挙げられる。
上記水添ビスフェノール型エポキシ化合物のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、エピクロンEXA7015(DIC社製)等が挙げられる。
上記プロピレンオキシド付加ビスフェノールA型エポキシ化合物のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、EP-4000S(ADEKA社製)等が挙げられる。
上記レゾルシノール型エポキシ化合物のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、EX-201(ナガセケムテックス社製)等が挙げられる。
上記ビフェニル型エポキシ化合物のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、jER YX-4000H(三菱化学社製)等が挙げられる。
上記スルフィド型エポキシ化合物のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、YSLV-50TE(新日鉄住金化学社製)等が挙げられる。
上記ジフェニルエーテル型エポキシ化合物のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、YSLV-80DE(新日鉄住金化学社製)等が挙げられる。
上記ジシクロペンタジエン型エポキシ化合物のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、EP-4088S(ADEKA社製)等が挙げられる。
上記ナフタレン型エポキシ化合物のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、エピクロンHP4032、エピクロンEXA-4700(いずれもDIC社製)等が挙げられる。
上記フェノールノボラック型エポキシ化合物のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、エピクロンN-770(DIC社製)等が挙げられる。
上記オルトクレゾールノボラック型エポキシ化合物のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、エピクロンN-670-EXP-S(DIC社製)等が挙げられる。
上記ジシクロペンタジエンノボラック型エポキシ化合物のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、エピクロンHP7200(DIC社製)等が挙げられる。
上記ビフェニルノボラック型エポキシ化合物のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、NC-3000P(日本化薬社製)等が挙げられる。
上記ナフタレンフェノールノボラック型エポキシ化合物のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、ESN-165S(新日鉄住金化学社製)等が挙げられる。
上記グリシジルアミン型エポキシ化合物のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、jER630(三菱化学社製)、エピクロン430(DIC社製)、TETRAD-X(三菱ガス化学社製)等が挙げられる。
上記アルキルポリオール型エポキシ化合物のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、ZX-1542(新日鉄住金化学社製)、エピクロン726(DIC社製)、エポライト80MFA(共栄社化学社製)、デナコールEX-611(ナガセケムテックス社製)等が挙げられる。
上記ゴム変性型エポキシ化合物のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、YR-450、YR-207(いずれも新日鉄住金化学社製)、エポリードPB(ダイセル社製)等が挙げられる。
上記グリシジルエステル化合物のうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、デナコールEX-147(ナガセケムテックス社製)等が挙げられる。
上記エポキシ化合物のうちその他に市販されているものとしては、例えば、YDC-1312、YSLV-80XY、YSLV-90CR(いずれも新日鉄住金化学社製)、XAC4151(旭化成社製)、jER1031、jER1032(いずれも三菱化学社製)、EXA-7120(DIC社製)、TEPIC(日産化学社製)等が挙げられる。
なお、本明細書において上記部分(メタ)アクリル変性エポキシ化合物とは、1分子中にエポキシ基と(メタ)アクリロイル基とをそれぞれ1つ以上有する化合物を意味し、例えば、1分子中に2つ以上のエポキシ基を有するエポキシ化合物の一部分のエポキシ基を(メタ)アクリル酸と反応させることによって得ることができる。
上記熱ラジカル重合開始剤としては、例えば、アゾ化合物、有機過酸化物等からなるものが挙げられる。なかでも、高分子アゾ化合物からなる開始剤(以下、「高分子アゾ開始剤」ともいう)が好ましい。
なお、本明細書において高分子アゾ開始剤とは、アゾ基を有し、熱によって(メタ)アクリロイル基を硬化させることができるラジカルを生成する、数平均分子量が300以上の化合物を意味する。
なお、本明細書において、上記数平均分子量は、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(GPC)で測定を行い、ポリスチレン換算により求められる値である。GPCによってポリスチレン換算による数平均分子量を測定する際のカラムとしては、例えば、Shodex LF-804(昭和電工社製)等が挙げられる。
上記アゾ基を介してポリアルキレンオキサイド等のユニットが複数結合した構造を有する高分子アゾ開始剤としては、ポリエチレンオキサイド構造を有するものが好ましい。このような高分子アゾ開始剤としては、例えば、4,4’-アゾビス(4-シアノペンタン酸)とポリアルキレングリコールの重縮合物や、4,4’-アゾビス(4-シアノペンタン酸)と末端アミノ基を有するポリジメチルシロキサンの重縮合物等が挙げられ、具体的には例えば、VPE-0201、VPE-0401、VPE-0601、VPS-0501、VPS-1001(いずれも和光純薬工業社製)等が挙げられる。
また、高分子ではないアゾ化合物の例としては、V-65、V-501(いずれも和光純薬工業社製)等が挙げられる。
上記熱硬化剤としては、例えば、有機酸ヒドラジド、イミダゾール誘導体、アミン化合物、多価フェノール系化合物、酸無水物等が挙げられる。なかでも、有機酸ヒドラジドが好適に用いられる。
上記有機酸ヒドラジドのうち市販されているものとしては、例えば、SDH、ADH(いずれも大塚化学社製)、アミキュアVDH、アミキュアVDH-J、アミキュアUDH、アミキュアUDH-J(いずれも味の素ファインテクノ社製)等が挙げられる。
また、遮光剤として上記チタンブラックを含有する本発明の液晶表示素子用シール剤を用いて製造した液晶表示素子は、充分な遮光性を有するため、光の漏れ出しがなく高いコントラストを有し、優れた画像表示品質を有する液晶表示素子を実現することができる。
また、上記チタンブラックの体積抵抗の好ましい下限は0.5Ω・cm、好ましい上限は3Ω・cmであり、より好ましい下限は1Ω・cm、より好ましい上限は2.5Ω・cmである。
なお、上記遮光剤の一次粒子径は、NICOMP 380ZLS(PARTICLE SIZING SYSTEMS社製)を用いて、上記遮光剤を溶媒(水、有機溶媒等)に分散させて測定することができる。
ジクロロメタン50mLに塩化アルミニウム7.36gを添加し、更に硫化ジフェニル9.31gを0℃で数回に分けて添加した。次いで、クロロアセチルクロリド5.56gを0℃で添加し、室温で2時間撹拌した後、塩化アルミニウム7.33g及び4-メチルバレリルクロリド7.06gを0℃で添加し、一晩撹拌した。得られた反応混合物を氷水へと注いだ後、有機層をジクロロメタンで抽出した。抽出した溶液をMgSO4を用いて乾燥させて濃縮し、残留物をカラムクロマトグラフィーによって精製することで、白色の粉末として下記式(4)で表される化合物Aを得た。
なお、得られた式(2)で表される化合物の構造は、1H-NMR、13C-NMR、及び、FT-IR分析により確認した。
4-メチルバレリルクロリド7.06gに代えてn-オクタノイルクロリド8.53gを用いたこと以外は上記「(式(2)で表される化合物の合成)」と同様にして、上記式(3)で表される化合物を得た。
なお、得られた式(3)で表される化合物の構造は、1H-NMR、13C-NMR、及び、FT-IR分析により確認した。
硫化ジフェニル9.31gに代えてフルオレン8.3gを用いたこと以外は上記「(式(2)で表される化合物の合成)」と同様にして、下記式(7)で表される化合物を得た。
なお、得られた式(7)で表される化合物の構造は、1H-NMR、13C-NMR、及び、FT-IR分析により確認した。
表1に記載された配合比に従い、各材料を、遊星式撹拌機(シンキー社製、「あわとり練太郎」)を用いて混合した後、更に3本ロールを用いて混合することにより実施例1~4、比較例1、2の各液晶表示素子用シール剤を調製した。
実施例及び比較例で得られた各液晶表示素子用シール剤について以下の評価を行った。結果を表1に示した。
実施例及び比較例で得られた各液晶表示素子用シール剤100重量部にスペーサ微粒子(積水化学工業社製、「ミクロパールSI-H050」)1重量部を分散させたものをガラス基板上に塗布した。塗布後の基板に同サイズのガラス基板を重ね合わせ、次に、メタルハライドランプを用いて照射量が1000mJ/cm2となるように光照射し、光硬化性試験片を作製した。光照射はカットフィルタ無しの場合と400nm以下カットフィルタ有りの場合の2パターンを行い、それぞれについて3枚の試験片を作製した。赤外分光装置(BIORAD社製、「FTS3000」)を用い、815~800cm-1のピーク面積をアクリロイル基由来のピーク面積とし、アクリロイル基由来のピーク面積の光照射前後での変化量を測定することで光硬化性の評価を行った。アクリロイル基由来のピーク面積は、845~820cm-1のピーク面積をリファレンスピーク面積として導出した。光照射後にアクリロイル基由来のピーク面積が90%以上減少した場合を「◎」、光照射後にアクリロイル基由来のピーク面積が80%以上90%未満減少した場合を「○」、光照射後のアクリロイル基由来のピーク面積の減少が80%未満であった場合を「×」として光硬化性を評価した。
なお、アクリロイル基由来のピーク面積の光照射前後での変化量は、3枚の試験片から得られた平均値を取った。
実施例及び比較例で得られた各液晶表示素子用シール剤100重量部にスペーサ微粒子(積水化学工業社製、「ミクロパールSI-H050」)1重量部を分散させた後、2枚のラビング済み配向膜及び透明電極付き基板の一方に、線幅が1mmの枠状になるようにディスペンサーで塗布した。
続いて液晶(チッソ社製、「JC-5004LA」)の微小滴を透明電極付き基板のシール剤の枠内全面に滴下塗布し、すぐにもう一方の透明電極付き基板を貼り合わせ、シール剤部分にメタルハライドランプを用いて照射量が1000mJ/cm2となるように光照射してシール剤を硬化させ、更に、120℃で1時間加熱して液晶表示素子を得た。光照射はカットフィルタ無しの場合と400nm以下カットフィルタ有りの場合の2パターンを行い、それぞれについて3枚の液晶表示素子を作製した。
得られた液晶表示素子について、60℃で1000時間電圧印加状態とした後のシール剤付近の液晶汚染を目視によって確認した。
液晶汚染は、3枚の液晶表示素子の色むらの程度に応じて以下の基準により判断した。即ち、全ての液晶表示素子について色むらが全くなかった場合を「◎」、少なくとも1枚の液晶表示素子に色むらが微かにあった場合を「○」、少なくとも1枚の液晶表示素子に色むらが少しあった場合を「△」、少なくとも1枚の液晶表示素子に色むらがかなりあった場合を「×」として液晶表示素子の表示性能を評価した。
なお、評価が「◎」、「○」の液晶表示素子は実用に全く問題のないレベルである。
実施例及び比較例で得られた各液晶表示素子用シール剤の遮光部硬化性を、以下に示すように各測定点のアクリロイル基の転化率を測定することにより評価した。図1は、遮光部硬化性の評価方法を説明する模式図である。
コーニング社製のガラス(長さ30mm、幅30mm、厚さ0.7mm)の片面の半分をクロム蒸着した基板1と、片面の全体をクロム蒸着した基板2とをそれぞれ準備した(図1(a))。基板1のクロム蒸着した面側の中央部に、実施例及び比較例で得られた各液晶表示素子用シール剤に5μmのポリマービーズを1重量%添加した組成物をそれぞれ20mg塗布し、基板1の各組成物を塗布した面側と、基板2のクロム蒸着した面側とを重ね合わせてから充分に押しつぶした(図1(b))。
次に、重ね合わせた基板に、基板1面側からメタルハライドランプを用いて400nm以下カットフィルタを透過させた状態で、100mW/cm2の紫外線を30秒照射した。カッターを用いて基板1、2を剥がした。次いで、顕微IR法によって紫外線直接照射部(場所A)、紫外線直接照射部の際から遮光部側へ25μm離れた点(場所B)、及び、紫外線直接照射部の際から遮光部側へ50μm離れた点(場所C)上のシール剤(図1(c))について、赤外分光装置(BIORAD社製、「FTS3000」)を用いてアクリロイル基由来のピークを確認した。815~800cm-1のピーク面積をアクリロイル基由来のピーク面積とし、845~820cm-1のピーク面積をリファレンスピーク面積として、下記式によりアクリロイル基の転化率を算出した。アクリロイル基の転化率が75%以上であった場合を「◎」、60%以上75%未満であった場合を「○」、50%以上60%未満であった場合を「△」、50%未満であった場合を「×」として遮光部硬化性を評価した。
アクリロイル基の転化率(%)=100×(1-(紫外線照射後のアクリロイル基由来のピーク面積/紫外線照射後のリファレンスピーク面積)/(紫外線未照射でのアクリロイル基由来のピーク面積/紫外線未照射でのリファレンスピーク面積))
11 クロム蒸着部
2 片面の全体をクロム蒸着した基板
21 クロム蒸着部
3 場所A
4 場所B
5 場所C
Claims (5)
- 式(1)で表される化合物の含有量が、硬化性樹脂100重量部に対して、0.1重量部以上5重量部以下であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の液晶表示素子用シール剤。
- 請求項1、2又は3記載の液晶表示素子用シール剤と導電性微粒子とを含有することを特徴とする上下導通材料。
- 請求項1、2若しくは3記載の液晶表示素子用シール剤又は請求項4記載の上下導通材料を用いてなることを特徴とする液晶表示素子。
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| JP3795459B2 (ja) | 2001-05-16 | 2006-07-12 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 硬化性樹脂組成物、表示素子用シール剤及び表示素子用封口剤 |
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