WO2018205646A1

WO2018205646A1 - Building enclosure structure

Info

Publication number: WO2018205646A1
Application number: PCT/CN2018/000166
Authority: WO
Inventors: 吴淑环
Original assignee: 吴淑环
Priority date: 2017-05-11
Filing date: 2018-05-08
Publication date: 2018-11-15
Also published as: CN108868181A; CN207878960U; CN108396880A

Abstract

Provided is a building enclosure structure, comprising: a main structure of the building (1), a prefabricated sheet (2), an inorganic insulating flexible material (3-1) installed at the joint of prefabricated sheet (2), and a basalt fiber cloth (2-4) provided at the upper or/and lower end section of the prefabricated sheet (2), or/and the side of the prefabricated sheet (2), the side of a door and window opening of a wall or the prefabricated sheet (2), and the bottom of a prefabricated roof panel. The prefabricated sheet (2) can be separated at the door and window opening. An inclined steel bar or an inclined steel plate (2-6) is located in the groove of the elastic heat insulating layer (2-3) of the prefabricated plate (2). The EPS board elastic heat insulation layer (2-3) is face-connected with an inner leaf concrete (2-1) and an outer leaf concrete (2-2) to form a vibration-absorbing suspension system; An elastic material is installed between the prefabricated sheet (2) and the main structure of the building (1), and the material is recoverable, with vibration and shock absorption and meets fireproof requirements. The enclosed structure of the building can improve the degree of assembly, improve the energy-saving and heat preservation effect, and increase the safety and durability of the wall.

Description

[Name of invention made by ISA according to Rule 37.2] Construction envelope structure

Technical field

The present invention relates to a building envelope construction or/and a prefabricated panel construction, the building envelope comprising an exterior wall, a roof.

Background technique

1. The seam between the fabricated exterior walls formed by the prefabricated panels installed on the current frame structure is poorly insulated, and is a passage for heat loss. It is a true large thermal bridge, which makes it difficult to construct low-energy for the assembled wall of the frame structure. Consuming buildings, see Figure 1, Figure 2. Building energy conservation is a major issue in the construction industry. However, there are many channels for the heat loss of the wall of the prefabricated building. It is difficult to construct low-energy buildings, and the goal of assembly-type building and building energy-saving contradicts.

2. In some prefabricated panels of sandwiches (ie, composite wall panels), the EPS panels are connected with the inner and outer leaves of the concrete, but they are not bonded, and the stress state is not good. When the insulation layer exceeds 100 mm, the outer blade concrete sinks more. If the requirements are not met, the requirements for building a low-energy building to the wall cannot be met. There is a contradiction between the goal of low-energy buildings and the goal of prefabricated buildings. How to solve them?

3. There are many external thermal bridges, and it is difficult to promote low-energy buildings.

At present, there are too many channels for heat-saving and heat-insulating walls due to heat loss (that is, there are many heat bridges), and the insulation layer of the side wall of the window is only 20-30 mm thick, which is a channel for heat loss, and the window-to-wall ratio is 0.35-0.45. Increase the wall heat transfer coefficient by 0.15~0.25w/m ² .k, while the passive energy-saving house with energy saving of 90% requires the wall heat transfer coefficient to be no more than 0.15w/m ² .k, even if the insulation layer is infinitely thick and the window-to-wall ratio It is of course impossible to meet the requirements of the wall-mounted insulation of passive energy-saving rooms with energy saving of 90% or less. China's passive energy-saving room with a thin plastering wall under the guidance of Nordic experts, adopts the door window heat insulation and broken bridge technology: the wooden frame is installed outside the door window, and the steel frame is also set under the wooden frame of the window sill, steel and wooden frame Connected to the base wall, then install the door and window frame with the auxiliary frame and the door and window on the wooden frame, so that the window still cannot be separated from the base wall. See Figure 11. The outdoor cold spot is still close to the room and can only be reduced. The heat bridge around the window is about 50%, and the installation is troublesome. The wooden frame and the section steel need to be preserved, and a secondary frame is needed. Because there are about 50% of the heat bridges around the window, China has built a number of passive energy-saving houses with 90% energy saving. It requires a high-priced EPS board with a thermal conductivity of 0.032w/mk and a density of 30kg/m ³ (300mm thick). The board needs 380mm thick, which is too wasteful of land.) It also needs to be installed twice (not so thick high-priced EPS board), how much is the cost? And there are too many flammable insulation materials, and there is a greater risk of fire. The passive wall-type energy-saving room wall and insulation layer of concrete wall has a total thickness of 550-600mm, and the wall is thick and wastes land. In general, civil buildings are difficult to popularize passive energy-saving houses with 90% energy saving. There are also problems of poor fire protection, which has made it impossible for public buildings to build low-energy buildings, and it is impossible to build passive energy-saving houses with global building energy consumption of 30-40%. High consumption is a big problem in society. The thickness of the insulation layer around the wall of the door window becomes a large heat bridge, and the iron parts installed on the outer wall are connected to the base wall through the insulation layer to form a plurality of thermal bridges.

4. In addition, it is difficult for low-strength concrete to form large prefabricated panels, which are basically prefabricated panels with a width of 600 mm (such as prefabricated aerated concrete panels), which affect the assembly degree of the assembled exterior wall and the assembled roof.

5. When prefabricated prefabricated panels are installed, the splitting is carried out along the centerline of the window wall. For example, the "Outer Wall Panel Construction Atlas" 08SJ110-2, which was released in China until 2008, is along the window wall. The center line is split, as shown in Figure 3; and the wall of the prefabricated concrete shear wall window is currently split at the center line, the seam is long, the installation work is large, and it is not convenient to install.

The government has been vigorously promoting prefabricated buildings for many years, promoting industrialization and industrialization of buildings, but many technical difficulties have created obstacles. In particular, the goals of building industrialization, industrialization and low-energy buildings are contradictory.

To solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a building envelope structure or/and a prefabricated sheet construction.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide a building envelope structure or/and a pre-formed sheet construction to address the problems described in the background.

A building envelope structure or/and a prefabricated sheet structure comprising a building body structure, a prefabricated sheet and an expandable polyethylene foam board or an inorganic heat insulating flexible material; the precast board comprising inner leaf concrete, insulation layer and outer Prefabricated composite insulating wall panels formed from leaf concrete or prefabricated composite insulating wall panels; prefabricated panels are inlaid on the outside of the main structure of the building, or prefabricated panels are externally mounted on the outside of the frame structure; horizontal seams in the prefabricated panels At or near the vertical seam, an expandable polyethylene foam board or an inorganic insulating flexible material seal is installed to form a seam seal mounting structure of the assembled wall.

A building envelope structure or/and a prefabricated sheet structure 2, which comprises a prefabricated sheet and a basalt fiber cloth; the precast sheet is a variety of non-load bearing prefabricated sheets; the upper or lower and lower end sections of the prefabricated sheet are pasted and mounted The basalt fiber cloth, or the basalt fiber cloth at the lower end of the precast board, continues to the inner side of the inner leaf concrete or/and the outer side of the concrete; or / and the basalt fiber cloth is attached to the side of the prefabricated board, or / and the basalt fiber cloth is attached to the side of the prefabricated board .

A building envelope structure or/and a prefabricated sheet structure 3, which comprises a wall or prefabricated sheet and basalt fiber cloth; a basalt fiber cloth affixed to the side of the door and window opening of the wall; or a basalt fiber on the side of the door window Non-combustible insulation materials are also installed in the cloth.

A building envelope structure or/and a prefabricated sheet construction 4 comprising prefabricated panels and basalt fiber cloth; the prefabricated panels being prefabricated roof panels; basalt fiber cloth installed at the bottom of the prefabricated roof panels, or also mounted to prefabricated houses The side of the panel exits the roof opening; the concrete in the lower part of the prefabricated roof panel is low-strength lightweight concrete; or the insulation is installed on the low-strength lightweight concrete of the prefabricated roof panel; or in the joint of the organic insulation layer of the prefabricated roof panel When applying waterproof coating or applying waterproof coating, the polyester non-woven fabric is also attached to the joint to form the waterproofing of the roof panel; or the adhesive is applied on the insulation layer of the prefabricated roof panel to pour the roof stone concrete protective layer. The roof stone concrete protective layer is equipped with steel bars, or basalt fiber cloth or basalt fiber mesh cloth is installed instead of steel bars.

A building envelope structure or/and a prefabricated sheet structure 5 comprising a building body structure and a prefabricated panel; the prefabricated panel comprising a prefabricated composite insulating wall panel formed by inner leaf concrete, insulation layer and outer leaf concrete or as a prefabricated combination The insulating wall board or the prefabricated board is a prefabricated board without an insulating layer; the prefabricated board is prefabricated by being separated and disposed in the door and window opening, and the prefabricated board is fixed with the main structure of the building after installation, and then the prefabricated board is located The separation parts at the positions in the door and window openings are connected, and the horizontal seams of the upper and lower prefabricated panels are connected.

A building envelope structure or/and a prefabricated sheet structure six, comprising a building body structure, prefabricated panels, and diagonal or inclined steel panels; the building body structure being various frame structures or frame shear wall structures; The plate is a variety of non-load-bearing prefabricated plates. The prefabricated plates are prefabricated composite thermal insulation wall panels formed by inner-leaf concrete, thermal insulation layer and outer-leaf concrete or prefabricated composite thermal insulation wall panels; the thermal insulation layer is an elastic thermal insulation layer and is elastically insulated. There is a groove on the layer, the inclined steel bar or the inclined steel plate is located in the groove of the elastic heat insulating layer, and is pasted with an elastic adhesive which can adapt to deformation; or the inner leaf concrete of the prefabricated plate is a concrete with a certain elasticity, a diagonal steel bar or a diagonal steel plate Located in the elastic inner-leaf concrete, it is bonded with an elastic adhesive that can adapt to deformation; the inclined steel bar or the inclined steel plate is connected with the steel plate in the prefabricated plate, and the steel plate and the iron component on the beam of the main structure of the building are connected by connecting iron pieces, the assembled wall body Form a support system for the plane of the frame.

A building envelope structure or/and a prefabricated sheet structure VII comprising a building body structure and prefabricated panels; the precast panels being various non-load bearing precast panels; the precast panels comprising inner leaf concrete, insulation and outer leaves Prefabricated composite insulating wall panel formed of concrete; prefabricated panel is installed on the main structure of the building; the insulating layer of the prefabricated panel is an EPS board or an insulating material having the same performance as the EPS board; the EPS board and the inner leaf concrete and the outer leaf The concrete is connected to the surface. Using the tensile strength of the EPS board, a suspension system with vibration lag effect and shock absorption and damping effect is formed in the perimeter of the building.

A building envelope structure or/and a prefabricated sheet construction, which includes a building body structure, prefabricated panels and materials that are resilient, shock absorbing and shock absorbing, and that meet fire protection requirements; the precast panels are including inner leaf concrete Prefabricated composite thermal insulation wallboard formed by insulation layer and outer leaf concrete or prefabricated composite insulation wallboard, or prefabricated board is prefabricated insulation board including inner blade concrete and insulation layer, or prefabricated board is prefabricated board without insulation layer The prefabricated panels are installed as an externally slidable assembled wall; the prefabricated panels are installed with columns of the main structure of the building or also with elastic, recoverable shock absorbing and shock absorbing materials, and also meet the requirements of fire protection requirements, and Connected to the column or to the raft.

Description:

1. The prefabricated panel comprises a prefabricated wall panel and a prefabricated roof panel according to the invention, and the prefabricated panel used in the prefabricated wall is a prefabricated wall panel, and the prefabricated panel used in the prefabricated roof is a prefabricated roof panel.

2. The prefabricated panel 2 is externally mounted on the outer side of the frame structure according to the present invention, which comprises fixing the prefabricated panel to the outside of the frame structure, such as using a nail-type plastic anchor bolt to pass through the prefabricated panel and fixing the main structure. After the fixing, the prefabricated plate is not movable, and the prefabricated plate is fixed with iron; or/and the prefabricated plate is connected with the 粱 or / and the column of the main structure with a cement material, and the assembled wall is formed on the side of the column of the high-rise building frame structure. The displacement angle formed by the movement and the enthalpy has a limiting effect, and it is called a fixed externally mounted prefabricated plate.

The prefabricated panel 2 is externally mounted on the outer side of the frame structure, and further comprises: fixing the prefabricated sheet material to one end of the crucible and the other end to slide, not limiting the displacement angle formed by the column and the crucible, or allowing the displacement of the upper and lower joints. Or when rotating, it is installed as a slip-fit wall that can accommodate the displacement of the main structure, which is called an externally slidable prefabricated panel.

3, on the face connection and point connection

The layers of the prefabricated composite thermal insulation wallboard are layered or have a convex-concave bite (such as a dovetail slot) for surface connection, and the prefabricated thermal insulation wall panel of the surface connection is a prefabricated composite thermal insulation wallboard.

The material of each layer of the prefabricated composite thermal insulation wallboard is a point connection by connecting the inner and outer concrete through the insulation layer through the fiber reinforced plastic connecting member or other connecting members, and the prefabricated thermal insulation wall panel formed by the point connection is a prefabricated composite thermal insulation wall panel. .

4. Building envelopes include exterior and roofing, as well as doors and windows. The invention is limited to the installation of exterior walls and roofing and to the construction of prefabricated wall panels and prefabricated roof panels.

Technical effects of the present invention:

1. The first embodiment solves the problem that the joint of the external wall panel is a large thermal bridge, and the wall energy saving and heat preservation is good, and the important problems of the industrialization, industrialization and low energy building of the building described in the background are solved. . Moreover, the inorganic insulating flexible material such as aluminum silicate needle punching blanket (felt) or aluminum silicate fiber cloth can greatly increase the safety of the gap fire safety.

2. The technical effects of the second embodiment are described in the second embodiment.

3. For large prefabricated panels with door windows, according to the fifth embodiment, the prefabricated panels are separated in the door window opening, which greatly reduces the amount of joint construction and facilitates prefabrication, lifting and construction. On the contrary, the current various types of assembled walls are separated in the window partitions, increasing the amount of joint work by 2 to 3 times.

4. Embodiment 6 to Embodiment 8 is of great significance for building earthquake resistance and wind resistance.

5. In the assembled wall of the sixth installation method, the inclined steel bar or the inclined steel plate is connected with the main structure of the building to form a support system for the plane of the frame, which can reduce the horizontal displacement of the frame, and has significance for reducing the horizontal displacement of the high-rise super high-rise building.

The invention promotes the development of the prefabricated building within the scope of the building envelope structure, the industrialization and industrialization of the building, the improvement of the energy-saving and heat insulation effect of the outer wall and the roof, the promotion of the low-energy building, the safety of the frame-structured wall and the safety of the frame structure. Durability plays an important role in ensuring the quality of fabricated wall works.

The difference between the present invention and the disclosed technology is:

1. In the joint construction of the fabricated wall technology, the provisions or engineering examples of the construction of the first embodiment have never been adopted. Now the government is vigorously promoting prefabricated buildings, and is still vigorously promoting low-energy buildings and even implementing passive energy-saving houses with 90% energy savings. However, the heat lost from the joints of the current assembled wall installation structure makes it impossible to build a low-energy building for the assembled wall, and it is impossible to build a passive energy-saving room with 90% energy saving. The situation of social energy conservation and emission reduction is severe, the environmental form is severe, and the energy situation is severe. Why can't the problem of assembled wall joint thermal bridges be solved for decades? Is it that the experts in the construction industry are unwilling to solve and are not willing to build low-energy buildings? Of course not, this shows that the invention is not only never seen, nor obvious.

2. In the second embodiment, basalt fiber cloth is installed in different parts of the prefabricated plate to solve the problem of many fabricated wall technologies, increase the reliability of connection between the layers of the assembled wall, and increase the reliability of prefabricated plate installation. Durability and ease of construction play an important role. However, in the regulations or engineering examples of fabricated wall technology, the prefabricated sheet structure of the second method has never been implemented, because no one can think of using basalt fiber cloth to solve the problems of pulling and safety of these parts, and using basalt fiber. The gap between the cloths is not a thermal bridge, which is very advantageous for building energy saving. This shows that the second embodiment of the present invention is not only never, nor obvious.

In the history of world architecture, basalt fiber cloth was not installed on the upper and lower sections and sides of prefabricated plates. Because they did not know the principle and function of installing basalt fiber cloth into these positions, they only thought of sticking the alkali-resistant mesh cloth on the outer wall. However, it is not expected to affix basalt fiber cloth to the side of the window and other side sections of the wall and prefabricated board and the facade of the outer wall, not only the external wall crack can replace or partially replace the external steel bar of the prefabricated board, and The function of the connecting piece between the inner and outer concrete, improving the reliability of installing the prefabricated plate, improving the assembly degree of the outer wall of the frame structure, and also serving as a steel hoop for the prefabricated plate, especially as a shearing for the window door of the reinforcing window. Cutting the steel hoop can also eliminate the heat bridge of the door window, and the elimination of the door window has a great effect of increasing the building volume ratio by 2 to 4%! They can greatly improve the assembly degree of lightweight low-strength concrete precast slabs and promote the industrialization of buildings. They do not know at the same time.

Basalt fiber cloth has been in existence for a long time, and the price is not high, about 1/10 of the price of carbon fiber. The cost performance of installing basalt fiber cloth is quite high. However, the construction industry has long had many difficult wall technical problems that affect sustainable development. Why not use basalt fiber cloth to solve it?

This embodiment is a principle invention. The reason why there are many problems in the wall technology of the construction industry for a long time cannot be solved because: the principle of using basalt fiber cloth to eliminate the heat bridge has not been known for a long time, and it is not known to use the basalt fiber cloth to raise the door window. The principle of shear strength, it is not known that basalt fiber cloth not only has high tensile strength and uniform performance than steel transmission stress, but can be combined with low-strength lightweight concrete to form large-scale prefabricated panels and improve assembly of external wall installation. The principle of the degree of chemistry; do not know what materials can be used to eliminate the thermal bridge and increase the strength at the same time, improve the degree of assembly, and reduce the weight of the external wall, favorable earthquake resistance, and reduce the construction cost. Therefore, the construction industry has long been shackled by reinforced concrete materials, which has made many problems unsolvable for a long time. This principle or principle was not solved in the previous construction industry.

3. In the third embodiment, the basalt fiber cloth will be installed on the side of the door and window opening of the wall, and the structure of the door and window opening and heat insulation broken bridge can also be formed, which has the great significance of improving the building volume ratio and saving the land, and enhances the door window. When the earthquake or strong wind is avoided, the wall is damaged due to the unsatisfactory shear strength.

Embodiments 2 and 3 introduce basalt fiber cloth into the wall technology, which will end the history of external wall damage during rare earthquakes or strong winds. It is of great significance to the building's earthquake resistance and wind resistance. This principle or principle is not solved in the previous construction industry. of.

It is customary to assume that damage to the exterior door window during an earthquake or strong wind is considered normal. Basalt fiber cloth can increase the shear strength of the window, and the window does not need to be installed like an aerated concrete slab. However, even the assembled wall with angle steel is not safe, because the material of the wall technology is anchor bolt or steel nail connection, and can not be completely bonded to form a common force-bearing member, which cannot be calculated according to the structural formula. Therefore, the damage of the door window in the past earthquake or wind is considered to be normal.

Embodiments 2 and 3 introduce basalt fiber cloth into the wall technology, which can completely eliminate the heat bridge at the door window, etc. This principle or principle is not solved in the previous construction industry. Germany, which has developed technology, has reduced the window heat bridge by half in the passive energy-saving room, but can not completely eliminate the window heat bridge. See Figure 11. It is believed that the heat bridge of the door window is of course, and the heat bridge such as the external wall window cannot be eliminated. No one thought that installing a material to the side of the window would both eliminate the thermal bridge and increase the shear strength of the inter-window wall.

Basalt fiber fabric manufacturers are ignorant of their products. The most used ones are to add chopped basalt fiber to asphalt concrete or cement concrete to build roads to block cracks, or to spread basalt fiber cloth at seams when the road surface is widened. Avoid uneven settlement within the road. Even if people who know the high tensile strength of basalt fiber cloth do not notice the significance of low thermal conductivity of basalt fiber cloth, it is not known that basalt fiber cloth is needed on the side of the window.

In the past, the wall technology did not use basalt fiber cloth, which made it difficult to promote building energy in the world. There is no breakthrough technology in the assembled exterior wall of the frame structure. The well-known quality accident of Changzhou “bandage belt” exterior wall engineering is due to the thin plastering insulation of the outer wall sticky rock wool, the rock wool is afraid of water, and the thin plastering protective layer cracks the rainwater into the rock wool collapse deformation. The solution is to stick the non-woven bandages one by one at the cracks, but the non-woven fabrics are not good for UV durability. Why didn't they install basalt fiber cloth on the outer wall to completely solve the problem?

4. In the fourth embodiment, the basalt fiber cloth will be installed on the bottom of the prefabricated roof panel of low-strength lightweight concrete, which is not available in the existing prefabricated roofing panel technology. Therefore, only prefabricated aerated concrete slats can be installed, and the degree of assembly is completed. low.

5. In the fifth embodiment, the separation position of the prefabricated plates is determined at the door and window opening, which can greatly reduce the amount of joint work. Expensive labor costs, joints such as joint reinforcements increase the connection material, reducing the amount of joint work can greatly reduce the installation cost, who is not willing to reduce the installation cost? However, no one has used the split structure of the fifth embodiment for a long time, which shows that the fifth embodiment is not only never seen, nor obvious.

6. Embodiment 6 A diagonal steel bar or a diagonal steel plate is provided in the elastic inner blade concrete of the prefabricated plate, or a groove on the elastic heat insulating layer is provided with a diagonal reinforcing bar or a diagonal steel plate in the groove with an elastic adhesive. Inclined or inclined steel plates do not occupy the indoor use area.

The horizontal displacement of the high-rise building restraint frame is a very important issue to ensure the safety of the frame. The inclined steel bar or inclined steel plate provided in this embodiment plays an important role in reducing the displacement of the frame under the action of wind load and horizontal earthquake.

However, the design rules or engineering examples of the existing frame structure do not have this technical structure, because some concrete is not known to have elasticity; and it is not known that the elasticity of the EPS insulation board is used, and it is not known which kind of adhesive is elastic and durable. it is good.

7. Embodiment 7 forms a suspension system that is connected to the concrete surface of the outer leaf through the EPS board and has the vibration hysteresis effect. The suspension system is used for building wall technology and building seismic technology. of.

Building earthquake resistance is an important issue in the construction industry. How many disasters does the earthquake cause to people's lives and property?

Our ancestors have long told us the truth (the principle) of "taking the softness", but many people forget it in the real application. If the EPS board is not connected to the base board and the outer board, the tensile strength of the EPS board cannot be exerted, and the EPS board can not form a suspension system for damping and damping by the ability of the soft board to consume the earthquake.

8. Embodiment 8 The installation of elastic, recoverable shock-absorbing and shock-absorbing materials between the prefabricated panels and the pillars of the main structure of the building, and the materials that meet the fireproof requirements are not found in the current wall technology, and are also existing. The technology does not know that some elastic materials are used to meet fire protection requirements.

Embodiments 6-8 are also principle invention innovations. Because we don't know the principle of using the tensile properties of the EPS board, I don't know the flexibility of using the EPS board. I don't know the principle that the EPS board has the ability to consume earthquakes. It is the principle that "Unity is power". It is applied in engineering; it is not known which adhesive can be used to bond all layers of materials into one, satisfying strength requirements, adapting to temperature deformation requirements and durability requirements.

Embodiments 6-8 are not only never seen, nor obvious.

DRAWINGS

1 is a view showing the structure of the first outer wall of the external thermal insulation wall in Table 2 on page 5 of the "Overhead Wall Panel Structure Atlas" 08SJ110-2 of the background art, that is, the horizontal joint installation structure of the current external concrete wall panel Figure, there is no insulation sealing material at the middle insulation layer of the joint, the joint is a large thermal bridge; and the fireproof performance is not good. Once the fire flame breaks into the horizontal joint, the fire of the insulation layer will cause a fire.

2 is a view showing the structure of the wall of the sandwich insulation wall in the second item of Table 2 on page 5 of the "Outer Wall Panel Structure Atlas" 08SJ110-2 of the background art, not only the joint is a large heat bridge, but also at the seam. The concrete connection between the inner and outer leaves increases the connected concrete thermal bridge.

3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the assembled wall joint sealing installation structure of the first embodiment, the joint has a slight slope drainage; and the basalt fiber cloth is attached to the upper and lower end sections of the second prefabricated plate of the second embodiment, and the upper end section of the prefabricated plate is also The basalt fiber cloth adhered to the enamel is bonded to the enamel; it also indicates that the basalt fiber cloth is also pasted on the façade of the prefabricated sheet; it also indicates that a thin PTFE waterproof membrane is installed on the inner side of the horizontal joint of the prefabricated sheet.

4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the assembled wall joint sealing installation structure of the first embodiment, the joint is horizontal, but it is also ensured that the rain does not enter the assembled wall.

Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the separation of the current prefabricated panels in the window, including the entire panel of Table 1 of the "Outer Wall Panel Construction Atlas" 08SJ110-2 (the entire panel is prefabricated with doors and windows openings). The plate features of the façade feature are all separated in the window wall, the installation seam is long, and the installation is troublesome.

Figure 6 is a view showing that the prefabricated sheet of the fifth embodiment is prefabricated in the position of the door and window opening, and the split view includes a door and window opening, the joint is short when installed, the installation workload is small, and the installation is convenient; The prefabricated panels are also provided with diagonal or inclined steel plates to form a support system for the plane of the frame.

Figure 7 is a view showing that the prefabricated sheet of the fifth embodiment is prefabricated in the position of the door and window opening, and the split view includes two door and window openings, and the joint is 50% less than that of Fig. 4 during installation, and the installation amount is larger. Reduction, as long as the transportation and lifting conditions permit, the splitting method of Figure 5 greatly improves the degree of assembly; also indicates that the sixth embodiment also has inclined steel or inclined steel plate in the prefabricated plate, and the inclined steel or inclined steel plate passes through the steel plate and the building main body. The structural connection forms a schematic diagram of the elevation of the support system for the plane of the frame. The upper and lower dotted lines in the figure respectively indicate the position of the main structure of the building under the armpit and on the beam.

Figure 8 is a vertical sectional view showing a sixth embodiment in which a diagonal steel bar or a diagonal steel plate is installed on a frame structure in a prefabricated plate material, and a cross-sectional view of the oblique steel bar or the inclined steel plate is connected to the main structure of the building through the steel plate, and also indicates that the prefabricated plate is When the plug-in type is mounted on the outer side of the frame structure, the nail-type plastic anchor bolt is fixed through the prefabricated plate and the crucible, and the pre-formed plate and the crucible are fixed by the iron member 6.

Figure 9 is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing the side of the basalt fiber cloth attached to the outer wall or the prefabricated panel, and to the side of the door and window opening, in the second or third embodiment.

Fig. 10 is a view showing a prefabricated roof panel structure according to a fourth embodiment, in which a waterproof coating is waterproofed at a gap between upper ends of the prefabricated roof panel insulation layer 2-3, and the inner blade concrete of the prefabricated roof panel is low-strength lightweight concrete.

11 is a window heat insulation bridge structure of the current passive energy-saving room according to the background art. The window cannot be installed away from the base wall, and there is still about 50% of the heat bridge around the window.

detailed description

Embodiment 1: FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 show a construction envelope structure or/and a prefabricated sheet structure of the present embodiment, which is composed of a main structure of the building, a prefabricated sheet 2, and a foamable polyethylene foam board or inorganic The heat insulating flexible material is composed; the building main structure 1 is a load-bearing member of various structural systems, the prefabricated plate 2 is a variety of non-load-bearing prefabricated plates, and the prefabricated plate 2 is composed of inner leaf concrete 2-1, heat insulating layer 2-3 Prefabricated composite thermal insulation wallboard formed by outer concrete 2-2 or prefabricated composite thermal insulation wallboard; said inorganic thermal insulation flexible material such as aluminum silicate needle blanket (felt) or aluminum silicate fiber cloth; The inlaid type is installed on the outer side of the main structure 1 of the building, that is, a part of the prefabricated board 2 is installed in the frame structure opening, such as the inner leaf concrete, and the rest is installed outside the frame opening, or the prefabricated board 2 is externally mounted on the outer side of the frame structure; At the horizontal seam or/and the vertical joint of the prefabricated sheet 2, an expandable polyethylene foam board or an inorganic heat insulating flexible material is installed as a horizontal gap of the heat insulating sealing material 3-1, and may also serve as a slip layer.The expandable polyethylene foam board is not well fireproof, and it is recommended to use an aluminum silicate needle felt (felt) or an aluminosilicate fiber cloth. The inner and outer ends of the horizontal joints and the vertical joints shall be sealed with a foamable polyethylene foam rod for waterproofing, and an elastic waterproof sealing material shall be provided at the outer end of the joint.

In this embodiment, the assembled wall formed by the currently installed prefabricated sheet material described in FIG. 1 has no insulating sealing material at the joint insulating layer, and is changed at the horizontal joint or/and the vertical joint of the prefabricated sheet. The expandable sealing material 3-1 can be installed as a horizontal gap by installing a foamable polyethylene foam board or an inorganic heat insulating flexible material, and can also serve as a sliding layer to eliminate the heat bridge of the prefabricated board joint of the assembled wall, and the assembly type Buildings have the effect of improving energy-saving insulation and building low-energy buildings. In particular, when the heat insulating layer 2-3 is an organic heat insulating material, there is no problem that the fireproofing in Fig. 1 is not good. Therefore, it has the meaning of energy saving and emission reduction, as well as the significance of fire safety.

Embodiment 2: FIG. 3, FIG. 4, FIG. 9, a construction envelope structure or/and a prefabricated sheet structure of the present embodiment, which is composed of a main structure of the building, a prefabricated sheet 2, and a basalt fiber cloth 2-4. The building main structure 1 is a load-bearing member of various structural systems, and the prefabricated plate 2 is a variety of non-load-bearing prefabricated plates, such as the prefabricated plate 2 including inner leaf concrete 2-1, insulation layer 2-3 and outer The prefabricated composite thermal insulation wall panel formed by the leaf concrete 2-2 is a prefabricated composite thermal insulation wall panel, or the prefabricated panel 2 is a prefabricated thermal insulation panel including the inner blade concrete 2-1 and the thermal insulation layer 2-3, or the prefabricated panel 2 is only included The plate of the inner leaf concrete 2-1; the basalt fiber cloth 2-4 is a basalt fiber cloth, or a woven fabric of basalt fiber and other inorganic fibers, and other requirements satisfying durability requirements, mechanical properties, and fire prevention requirements. Fiber cloth;

A basalt fiber cloth 2-4 is attached to the upper end or/and the lower end section of the prefabricated sheet 2, and the basalt fiber cloth 2-4 bonds the layers of the prefabricated sheet 2 at the end; or the lower end of the prefabricated sheet 2 The basalt fiber cloth 2-4 also extends to the inner side of the inner leaf concrete 2-1 or / and the outer side of the outer concrete, because the inner end of the inner concrete 2-1 often has pre-embedded iron pieces 2-5, and the embedded iron is required. The pieces 2-5 are used for the 粱 connection with the main structure 1 of the building (because the connection structure is complicated, irrespective of the present invention, not shown in Fig. 7), the pre-embedded iron pieces 2-5 are partially installed iron pieces, in order to prevent pre-buried When the iron parts 2-5 are subjected to a large force, the layers of the prefabricated sheet 2 are separated, so it may be necessary to have basalt fiber cloth 2-4 on the inner surface of the inner end of the inner leaf concrete 2-1; and because the inner and outer leaves are thinner, It is safer to paste the basalt fiber cloth 2-4 to the inner and outer leaves for coagulation;

Or / and basalt fiber cloth 2-4 on the side of the prefabricated sheet 2, the material of each layer of the prefabricated sheet 2 is bonded together on the side, the basalt fiber cloth can be used as the anti-cutting stirrup of the prefabricated sheet 2, the side of the prefabricated sheet 2 The basalt fiber cloth is also the connecting piece of the inner and outer leaf concrete, which can prevent the damage of the inner and outer leaf concrete with low strength, and there is no need to connect the steel bar and the cement mortar layer on the side of the window, so there is no steel bar or cement thermal bridge; It can also make low-strength concrete such as polyphenylene concrete and foam concrete can be prefabricated into large prefabricated plates, even large prefabricated plates with door and window openings, and large roof panels to promote the assembly of buildings and promote the industrialization of buildings; High-strength basalt fiber cloth is attached to each section of the prefabricated sheet, which can replace the plastic reinforced connecting piece in the precast board, increase the reliability of connection between the layers, and have other functions as described below;

Or further, in the basalt fiber cloth 2-4 on the side of the door window, the non-combustible heat insulating material 3-1 (such as vertical silk wool, for the outer wall is the horizontal silk wool, does not increase heat transfer).

Or/and further, the steel plate 30 is embedded in the basalt fiber cloth 2-4 attached to the side of the prefabricated sheet 2, such as an L-shaped anti-corrosion steel sheet, and the L-shaped steel sheet 30 is pre-buried in the outdoor corner of the door and window opening of the prefabricated sheet 2. The L-shaped steel plate 3 is adhered to the inner material of the basalt fiber cloth 2-4; when the door and window are installed, the door and window are separated from the inner blade concrete 2-1 of the door and window opening, and the door and window connecting member is fixed with the L-shaped steel plate 30 in the basalt fiber cloth 2-4. See Figure 5 ~ Figure 7; now the doors and windows are installed in the door window of the base wall, the thermal bridge is too large, or moved to the outside of the window to the concrete wall, there is about 50% thermal bridge; form a The structure of the door window heat insulation broken bridge; as can be seen from Fig. 5 to Fig. 7, there is no plaster layer and tensile steel bar thermal bridge between the door and window and the basalt fiber cloth 2-4 on the side of the door window; if the door and window are installed in the basalt fiber cloth 2 On the outer layer of the -4, there is a thermal bridge; as long as the door and window leave the inner leaf concrete 2-1 installed on the basalt fiber cloth outside the window side insulation layer, the heat loss of the base wall around the door window can be reduced. Is the heat-insulated bridge, but the installation position is different, and the insulation is broken. Different effects. When the window is installed near the corner of the outer corner of the door window 2-2 or close to the corner end, when the outside of the door window is installed with the insulating decorative line and the L-shaped steel plate 30 is fixed, the thermal resistance of the base wall around the door window is not less than the main When the wall is thermally resistive, the heat bridge of the door and window opening is zero;

How much does the heat bridge of the door and window opening have zero effect?

When the external wall of the concrete exterior wall is insulated with a low-cost EPS board of 260mm, the passive energy-saving room with energy saving of 90% can achieve a wall heat transfer coefficient of not more than 0.15w/m ² .k, which is more than the 380mm EPS board required by the background art. (380-260) / 260 = 46%! Especially saving valuable land. This does not include the land saved by the increased heat transfer of other exterior iron components if basalt fiber cloth is not installed;

Compared with the thin plastering insulation wall, the invention reduces the investment of the EPS board and reduces the cost of the external thermal insulation by the window steel and the wooden frame, and reduces the external heat insulation cost by about 200 yuan/m ² , and also reduces the cost of the assembled exterior wall project and reduces the cost. The cost of wall curtain wall construction and the cost of vertical greening of external walls are reduced by about 100-250 yuan/m ^{2 for} each item. In particular, vertical greening of external walls can turn cities into forests, reduce summer heat island effects, and improve air quality.

Table 1 is the inner and outer leaves are 40mm thick polystyrene concrete + 10mm thick not less than C20 strength grade cement mortar or fine stone concrete rigid stress layer, the middle is the EPS board insulation layer, the layers are bonded together to form the surface connection When the heat bridge at the entrance is zero, the average heat transfer coefficient of the wall is shown.

Table 1 Table of material structure thickness and wall thickness of passive energy-saving rooms with frame structure and shear wall structure

It can be seen from Table 1 that the lightweight assembled sandwich outer thermal insulation wall can meet the requirements of low heat transfer coefficient with a thin wall. The reason why the wall is thin is: 1) the heat bridge at the hole is “0”, which can reduce the thickness of the insulation layer; 2) the basalt fiber cloth bonds the layers of the prefabricated wallboard into one, forming a common force-bearing member. The inner leaf concrete can be thinned. If only the connecting piece is connected instead of the surface joint, the inner leaf concrete needs ordinary concrete of 100mm thickness and the thickness is increased by 50mm; 3) the inner and outer leaves light concrete has low thermal conductivity, which is equivalent to about 20 ~30mm EPS board insulation. The above three reasons reduce the thickness of the assembled wall, which is equivalent to increasing the floor area ratio by 2 to 4%, which has great economic benefits.

Moreover, basalt fiber cloth can not be used to process lightweight concrete into prefabricated wallboard, because the lifting, transportation and other links are easy to break, the window anti-shear does not meet the requirements, and the window cannot be installed at the door and window opening.

Basalt fiber cloth 2-4 is also installed in the following locations, as needed:

1) Basalt fiber cloth 2-4 is also installed on the façade of prefabricated sheet 2, which can replace or partially replace the steel bars in the outer leaf concrete of prefabricated sheet 2, or / and basalt fiber cloth pasted on the side of prefabricated sheet 2 Between the joints of 2, the basalt fiber cloth 2-4 can form a shear-resistant steel hoop along the circumference of the building; or after the prefabricated board 2 is installed on the main structure of the building, in the basalt fiber cloth 2-4 The structural steel is used to adhere the steel plate, and the external wall attachment is connected with the steel plate; if the external wall is installed, the green wall is installed or the exterior wall decorative line, the deformation seam cover, the sunshade curtain or the solar photovoltaic film, the solar photovoltaic panel, etc. and the basalt fiber cloth are attached. The steel plate 30 attached to the 2-4 is connected, and the decorative large plate is installed on the basalt fiber cloth 4, and the iron piece is not added to the thermal bridge through the thermal insulation layer;

Or a decorative layer on the outside of the basalt fiber cloth 2-4, forming a prefabricated wall panel or a prefabricated thermal insulation board with a decorative layer;

2) The basalt fiber cloth 2-4 attached to the upper end section of the prefabricated sheet 2 has a margin, and the remaining amount of the basalt fiber cloth 2-4 is pasted on the upper side of the main structure 1 of the building (when the seam is on the floor) or The side is pasted or anchored (the seam is on the outside of the sill).

Or / and further, in the basalt fiber cloth 2-4 on the side of the door window, the insulation material 3-1 (such as vertical silk wool, for the outer wall is the horizontal silk wool, does not increase heat transfer), Greatly improve the fire safety of energy-saving and heat-insulating walls and benefit the society.

Description:

1) When the fabricated wall is a slippable fabricated wall, the basalt fiber cloth 2-4 is attached to the upper end or/and the lower end section of the prefabricated sheet 2 to have the following three functions:

1. Basalt fiber cloth 2-4 combines the materials of the prefabricated sheet 2 at the upper and lower ends to increase the connection reliability of each layer. There is no need to worry about the unreliable bonding of the layers or the pull of the inner and outer pull members. Unreliable, the risk of falling off the outer leaf concrete occurs; it is not necessary to connect the inner and outer leaf concretes to form a large heat bridge as shown in the lower half of Fig. 2, and the prefabrication is troublesome.

2. When the slippage of the assembled wall is avoided for a long time, the material with lower strength such as the insulation layer is damaged by friction.

3. The basalt fiber cloth 2-4 adhered to the upper end section of the prefabricated sheet 2 may be bonded to the crucible of the main structure 1 of the building to form a structure for connecting the prefabricated sheet 2 to the main structure of the building.

The basalt fiber cloth 2-4 adhered to the upper end section of the prefabricated sheet 2 is bonded to the upper part of the main structure of the building main body 1, which is a joint structure of the prefabricated sheet and the crucible without iron members at the floor, and the tensile strength of the basalt fiber cloth. Very high, and the paste installation is very convenient. When the prefabricated sheet 2 is connected to the underarm, the height of the crucible is several tens of centimeters, and it is often necessary to connect the upper end of the prefabricated sheet 2 to the upper portion of the crucible, and it is convenient to use the basalt fiber cloth 2-4 to bond the upper portion of the crucible to the steel. And blocking the dirt and water in the room into the gap between the prefabricated sheet 2 and the crucible.

2) About basalt fiber cloth

In the GB23265 standard for chopped basalt fiber for cement concrete and mortar, basalt fiber is produced from natural volcanic rock and is a pure natural green fiber. Basalt fiber has high tensile strength, shear strength and elastic modulus, good chemical stability and thermal stability, anti-aging and acid and alkali resistance, high temperature and low temperature, electrical insulation and sound insulation. The tensile strength of basalt fiber is several times that of steel or even ten times. The basalt fiber elongation is about 3-4%, and the elastic modulus is 1.5 to 2 times that of the glass fiber. Basalt fiber is the best comprehensive material, and the durability of basalt fiber and basalt fiber cloth is almost infinite, because it is essentially basalt. However, at present, the application of basalt fiber material is narrow, and the most used one is to add short-cut basalt fiber to asphalt concrete or cement concrete to build road cracking, and to bond basalt fiber into basalt steel bar with epoxy resin for embankment. In the hydraulic engineering, some basalt fiber twill is used as a bag. Basalt fiber can also be used as a low-cost alternative to carbon fiber for column and beam reinforcement. In short, the amount of basalt fiber cloth is small. The thermal conductivity of basalt fiber cloth is 0.035～0.04w/mk, which is consistent with the EPS board. Therefore, the basalt fiber cloth installed on the section of the prefabricated board is not a thermal bridge, but it has a large tensile strength, but the tensile strength of the steel bar is used. High, but it is a thermal bridge. It also requires a thermal bridge of cement mortar. The basalt fiber cloth is installed on each side of the window and the prefabricated plates to solve the problem of pulling and not being a thermal bridge.

Although the inner and outer leaf concrete of the prefabricated plate of the present embodiment can be ordinary heavy concrete, it is recommended to be lightweight concrete when installed as a non-load bearing wall, which is light in weight, reduces the cost of the main structure of the building, and reduces the thickness of the wall as shown in Table 1.

Embodiment 3: FIG. 9 is a structural structure of a building envelope or/and a prefabricated sheet structure of the present embodiment, which is composed of a wall 1-1 or a prefabricated sheet 2 and a basalt fiber cloth 2-4; The body 1-1 is a wall, such as a poured concrete wall, a masonry wall, a load-bearing wall or a non-load-bearing wall on a frame structure, the wall 1-1 being a wall with an insulating layer or A wall without an insulating layer; the basalt fiber cloth 2-4 is attached to the side of the door and window opening of the wall 1-1 or the prefabricated sheet 2. Attach basalt fiber cloth 2-4 to the side of the door and window opening of the wall 1-1 or the prefabricated board 2. The wall of the masonry can greatly improve the shear strength of the window wall and improve the safety of earthquake or strong wind. As in the second embodiment, the heat-insulating bridge structure of the door and window opening can be formed, which has the great significance of saving land and increasing the floor area ratio;

Or further, in the basalt fiber cloth 2-4 on the side of the door window, the non-combustible heat insulating material 3-1 (such as vertical silk wool, for the outer wall, is the horizontal silk wool, does not increase heat transfer).

Embodiment 4: As shown in FIG. 10, a building envelope structure or/and a prefabricated sheet structure of the present embodiment is composed of a prefabricated sheet 2 and a basalt fiber cloth 2-4, and the prefabricated sheet 2 is a prefabricated roof panel. The basalt fiber cloth 2-4 is a basalt fiber cloth, or a woven fabric of basalt fiber and other inorganic fibers, and other fiber cloths satisfying durability requirements, mechanical performance requirements, and fireproof requirements; basalt fiber cloth 2 - 4 Installed on the bottom of the prefabricated roof panel to replace or partially replace the steel in the concrete below the prefabricated roof slab, or also installed on the side of the prefabricated roof panel exit roof to enhance the shear resistance of the hole, basalt fiber cloth 2-4 in the house The side of the panel opening is the steel hoop of the assembled roof at the exit of the roof; the concrete at the bottom of the prefabricated roof is low-strength lightweight concrete, such as foam concrete, pearl concrete, polystyrene concrete, etc., the lower part of low-strength lightweight concrete It is suitable to have ordinary fine stone concrete or cement mortar with thickness of 10~20mm, which can improve the rigidity of the prefabricated roof panel and reduce the deformation. The lowermost part in Figure 10 is very thin. One layer indicates cement mortar;

Or install the insulation layer 2-3 on the low-strength lightweight concrete of the prefabricated roof panel. The installation of the organic insulation layer can improve the energy-saving insulation effect of the roof panel; or apply the waterproof coating on the joint of the organic insulation layer of the prefabricated roof panel 2 -4, or when applying waterproof coating, polyester non-woven fabric is also attached to the joint to form the roof panel's own waterproof, which can be used as the first waterproofing of the roof; or the adhesive on the insulation layer of the prefabricated roof panel, pouring Roof fine stone concrete protective layer 2-5, roof fine stone concrete protective layer 2-5 is equipped with steel bars, or basalt fiber cloth or basalt fiber mesh cloth is installed instead of steel bar;

Forming large prefabricated roof panels;

When the prefabricated roof panel is installed on the roof slab of the main structure of the building, the elastic organic insulation layer (such as the EPS board) is squeezed and adhered to each other at the joint of the prefabricated roof panel (the EPS board is slightly widened during prefabrication), and is painted waterproof. The paint is waterproof; the upper part of the prefabricated roof panel and the protruding part of the parapet wall are filled with the heat insulation board sheet, and the waterproof coating is applied to waterproof;

Paste the cement polymer mortar at the gap of the low-strength lightweight concrete at the bottom of the prefabricated roof panel, and then use the remaining amount of the reserved basalt fiber cloth 2-4 to bond the joints between the prefabricated roof panels. One body

The length of the fine stone concrete protection layer at the upper part of the prefabricated roof panel and the adjacent prefabricated roof panel is reserved for the overlap between the upper reinforcement or the upper basalt fiber cloth or the basalt fiber mesh; the upper part of the prefabricated roof panel After the steel bar or basalt fiber cloth or basalt fiber mesh cloth is connected, the upper fine stone concrete protective layer at the joint is filled.

In this embodiment, the low-strength lightweight concrete can be integrated to form a large prefabricated roof panel, which is of great significance for installing the assembled roof.

Embodiment 5: FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 show a construction envelope structure or/and a prefabricated sheet structure of the present embodiment, which is composed of a building main structure 1 and a prefabricated sheet 2; The load-bearing member of the structural system; the prefabricated plate 2 is a variety of non-load-bearing prefabricated plates, and the prefabricated plate 2 is a prefabricated composite thermal insulation wall comprising the inner leaf concrete 2-1, the thermal insulation layer 2-3 and the outer leaf concrete 2-2. The plate may be a prefabricated composite insulating wall panel, or the prefabricated panel 2 may also be a prefabricated panel without an insulating layer; the prefabricated panel 2 is inlaid on the outside of the main structure 1 of the building, that is, the prefabricated panel 2 has a part such as inner leaf concrete Installed in the frame structure hole, the rest is installed outside the frame hole, or the prefabricated plate 2 is externally mounted on the outside of the frame structure; the prefabricated plate 2 is prefabricated in the position of the door and window opening, and will be prefabricated during installation. After the plate 2 is fixed to the main structure 1 of the building, the prefabricated panels 2 are connected at the separation portions at the positions inside the door and window openings, and the horizontal seams of the upper and lower prefabricated panels 2 are joined.

Embodiment 6: See FIG. 4 and FIG. 6, a construction envelope structure or/and a prefabricated sheet structure of the present embodiment, which is composed of a main structure of the building 1, a prefabricated plate 2, and a diagonal steel bar or a diagonal steel plate 2-6. The building main structure 1 is a load-bearing member of various structural systems; the prefabricated sheet 2 is a variety of non-load-bearing prefabricated sheets, and the prefabricated sheet 2 is composed of inner leaf concrete 2-1, insulation layer 2-3 and outer leaf concrete. 2-2 formed prefabricated composite insulating wallboard or prefabricated composite insulating wallboard; said insulating layer 2-3 is an elastic insulating layer, such as EPS board has very good elasticity, and polyurethane board is hard foam and further with time It becomes brittle and hard, and the extruded board is hard plastic, and the inorganic foaming material has no elasticity; there is a groove on the elastic heat insulating layer 2-3, and the inclined steel or inclined steel plate 2-6 is located in the elastic heat insulating layer 2-3 In the groove, it is bonded with an elastic adhesive which can adapt to deformation; or the inner blade concrete of the precast plate is concrete with certain elasticity, and the inclined steel bar or the inclined steel plate is located in the elastic inner blade concrete 2-1, and is adapted to be deformed. Elastic adhesive bonding; diagonal steel or inclined steel plate 2-6 with The steel plates 2-7 in the plate 2 are connected, for example, the steel plates 2-7 are thick steel plates, the thick steel plates of the steel plates 2-7 and the iron members 1-1 on the beam of the building main structure 1 are connected by iron members (as shown in Fig. 6). Angle steel 6) connection, that is, oblique steel or inclined steel plate 2-6 is connected with the main structure 1 of the building through the steel plate 2-7, and the assembled wall forms a supporting system for the plane of the frame; the inclined steel bar or the inclined steel plate of the present embodiment 2-6 Located in the elastic inner leaf concrete 2-1 (such as in polystyrene concrete), or in the groove of the EPS board, the inclined steel bar or the inclined steel plate 2-6 will not force the inner leaf concrete 2-1 or keep warm. Layer damage.

In the present embodiment, the installation of the inclined steel bar or the inclined steel plate on the prefabricated plate 2 is important for restricting the displacement of the main structure of the high-rise building, but the inclined steel bar or the inclined steel plate does not occupy the building space, and the prefabricated plate is not damaged.

It is recommended to use the adhesive used for the layer connection of the prefabricated sheet layer, and the adhesive used for installing the inclined steel bar or the inclined steel plate in the groove in the embodiment, and the polymer binder prepared by adding a polyacrylate emulsion or a powder or the like. Polyacrylate emulsions are compatible with a wide range of materials and are resistant to solar radiation for a period of not less than 50 years. There are currently cement-based polyacrylate emulsions that meet the glass transition temperature of -50 ° C to meet the flexibility requirements at the lowest temperature. The adhesive is also capable of meeting the temperature at steam curing conditions without damage.

Embodiment 7: A building envelope structure or/and a prefabricated sheet structure of the present embodiment, which is composed of a building main structure 1 and a prefabricated sheet 2; the prefabricated sheet 2 is an inner leaf concrete 2-1, heat preservation Prefabricated composite insulating wall panel formed by layer 2-3 and outer leaf concrete 2-2; insulating layer 2-3 of prefabricated sheet 2 is EPS board or insulating material having the same performance as EPS board, said insulating layer 2-3 Having the same performance as the EPS board means that the combustion performance requirements, elastic requirements, durability requirements, and tensile strength requirements are the same as or close to the EPS board (scientific development, and new insulation materials may appear to meet the requirements in the above aspects); The EPS board is connected to the inner leaf concrete 2-1 and the outer leaf concrete 2-2; the prefabricated board 2 is mounted on the main structure 1 of the building, including the inlaid installation on the outer side of the main structure 1 of the building, or the prefabricated board 2 The external type is installed on the outer side of the frame structure; using the tensile strength of the EPS board, a suspension system with vibration lag effect and shock absorption and shock absorption effect is formed in the circumference of the building through the EPS board and the concrete surface of the inner and outer leaves.

This embodiment is to exert the tensile strength of the EPS board and the ability to be soft. The elastic modulus of the EPS board is very small, the transmission speed of the vibration wave is very slow, the vibration frequency is much smaller than the vibration frequency of the main structure of the building, the self-shock period is very long, and the impact energy is absorbed quickly, which has the best ability to absorb the earthquake by the softness. . The EPS board is extremely lightweight but has a tensile strength (≥0.1 MPa) that fully meets the requirements for reliable connection to the inner and outer leaf concrete. The vibration frequency of the outer leaf concrete is naturally much smaller than the vibration frequency of the main structure of the building, forming a hysteresis effect, which offsets the earthquake action and wind shock effect, and plays an important role in building earthquake resistance and wind resistance.

Embodiment 8: A building envelope structure or/and a prefabricated sheet structure of the present embodiment, which is composed of a building main structure 1 and a prefabricated sheet 2 and an elastic, recoverable shock absorbing and shock absorbing property, and also satisfies fire prevention. The required material composition (not shown); the building main structure 1 is a load-bearing member of various structural systems; the prefabricated sheet 2 is a variety of non-load-bearing prefabricated panels, and the prefabricated panel 2 is composed of inner-leaf concrete 2-1, Prefabricated composite thermal insulation wallboard formed by insulation layer 2-3 and outer leaf concrete 2-2 or prefabricated composite thermal insulation wallboard, or prefabricated panels are prefabricated thermal insulation panels including inner blade concrete and thermal insulation layer, or prefabricated panels are not provided The prefabricated sheet of the insulating layer; or the prefabricated sheet 2 may also be a prefabricated sheet without the insulating layer; the prefabricated sheet 2 is externally mounted on the outside of the frame structure, and the prefabricated sheet 2 is spaced from the beam and column of the main structure 1 of the building ( About a few centimeters), the prefabricated sheet 2 is installed as an assembled wall outside the frame structure;

The prefabricated sheet 2 is attached to the space between the pillars of the main structure 1 of the building or the gap between the concrete and the concrete, and is capable of recovering shock absorbing and shock absorbing materials, and also meets the requirements of fireproofing, and is connected with the pillars or the rafts (such as sticking) Knot). For example, the outer side of the column is installed with a certain elasticity to meet the fireproof requirements of polystyrene granular concrete, or the outer side of the outer side of the column is installed with the edge of the EPS board to install polystyrene granular concrete (the elasticity is better, and the fireproof requirement can also be met, which is suitable for the case where the column section is wide) .

In the embodiment, the elastic vibration, recoverable shock absorbing and shock absorbing, and the material satisfying the fireproof requirement are installed between the outer side of the column and the prefabricated plate, thereby reducing the vibration frequency of the column and damping the shock absorption.

Embodiment 8: A building envelope structure or/and a prefabricated sheet structure of the present embodiment, which is composed of an outer heat insulating wall and an outer heat insulating roof (or an upper heat insulating roof); the outer heat insulating wall includes a base layer The inner leaf concrete of the wall or the external prefabricated board, the thermal insulation layer of the outer thermal insulation wall and the outer protective layer, the outer thermal insulation roof includes the roof insulation layer on the roof structure layer, the roof concrete protection layer (may also include the waterproof layer) The insulation layer of the external thermal insulation wall is continuous with the roof insulation layer; the roof concrete protection layer and the roof challenge board are not directly penetrated into the room, and the coating adhesive adheres the roof concrete protection layer to the insulation layer, and the roof concrete protection The layer is coated with structural glue, and the inclined roof (including the concrete inclined roof or the steel roof sloping roof) is connected with the steel plate to form the inclined roof; or the concrete parapet wall and the concrete art railing are formed on the steel plate to form a flat roof, so that the concrete daughter is not needed. The front and back of the wall and the upper part of the coil are insulated outside the circle to reduce the amount of engineering; forming an insulated bridge structure with energy-saving insulation roof and energy-saving insulation external wall Made.

For example, in the case of a flat roof, the outer protective layer of the outer thermal insulation wall has basalt fiber cloth, and the basalt fiber cloth on the top of the outer wall is also pasted on the roof concrete protective layer, thereby increasing the connection reliability.

Nowadays, whether it is a concrete roof or a steel roof, there is no way to disconnect the inclined roof slab from the interior, making the sloping roof panel and the steel roof a large thermal bridge. This embodiment eliminates this large thermal bridge and has significance for improving the energy-saving and heat-insulating effect, especially for the energy-saving and heat-insulating effect of the top-level building.

Claims

A building envelope structure or/and a prefabricated sheet structure comprising a building body structure and a prefabricated sheet; characterized in that it further comprises an expandable polyethylene foam board or an inorganic heat insulating flexible material; the prefabricated board comprising an inner leaf Prefabricated composite thermal insulation wall panels formed of concrete, insulation layer and outer leaf concrete or prefabricated composite insulation wall panels; prefabricated panels are inlaid on the outside of the main structure of the building, or the prefabricated panels are externally mounted on the outside of the frame structure; At the horizontal seams or/and vertical seams of the prefabricated panels, an expandable polyethylene foam board or an inorganic insulating flexible material seal is installed to form a seam seal mounting structure of the fabricated wall on the frame structure.
A building envelope structure or/and a prefabricated sheet construction comprising prefabricated panels; characterized in that it further comprises a basalt fiber cloth; the precast panels are various non-load bearing precast panels; at the upper end of the precast panels or/and The basalt fiber cloth is attached to the lower end section, or the basalt fiber cloth at the lower end of the precast board is extended to the inner side of the inner leaf concrete or/and the outer side of the concrete; or/and the basalt fiber cloth is attached to the side of the prefabricated board, or/and prefabricated The basalt fiber cloth is attached to the side of the board.
A building envelope structure or/and a prefabricated sheet structure according to claim 2, characterized in that it further comprises a pre-buried steel plate, a pre-embedded steel plate, a steel plate and basalt fiber in a basalt fiber cloth attached to the side of the prefabricated plate. The inner material of the cloth is pasted; when the door and window are installed, the door and window are separated from the inner leaf concrete of the door and window opening, and the door and window connecting member is fixed with the inner steel plate of the basalt fiber cloth to form a door window heat insulation broken bridge structure.
A building envelope structure or/and a prefabricated sheet structure according to claim 2, wherein the basalt fiber cloth is also installed in the following position, and is selected as needed,

1) The basalt fiber cloth is also installed on the façade of the prefabricated board, or has a decorative layer on the outside of the basalt fiber cloth; or/and the basalt fiber cloth attached to the side of the prefabricated board to bond the joint between the prefabricated boards Or after the prefabricated panels are installed on the main structure of the building, the steel sheets are adhered to the basalt fiber cloth with structural glue, and the outer wall attachments are connected with the steel plates.

2) The basalt fiber cloth attached to the upper end section of the prefabricated plate has a margin, and the remaining amount of the basalt fiber cloth is adhered to the upper edge of the main structure of the building or pasted to the side of the crucible or anchored.
A building envelope structure or/and a prefabricated sheet structure comprising a wall or a prefabricated sheet; characterized in that it further comprises a basalt fiber cloth; the basalt fiber cloth is attached to the side of the door and window opening of the wall or the prefabricated board; Or install non-combustible insulation materials in the basalt fiber cloth on the side of the door window.
A building envelope structure or/and a prefabricated sheet construction comprising prefabricated panels; characterized in that it further comprises a basalt fiber cloth; the precast panel is a prefabricated roof panel; the basalt fiber cloth is mounted on the bottom of the prefabricated roof panel, Or installed on the side of the prefabricated roof panel exit roof; the concrete at the bottom of the prefabricated roof panel is low-strength lightweight concrete; or the insulation is installed on the low-strength lightweight concrete of the prefabricated roof panel; or in the prefabricated roof panel The waterproof layer of the organic insulation layer is painted with waterproof coating, or the polyester non-woven fabric is adhered at the joint when the waterproof coating is applied to form the waterproofing of the roof panel; or the adhesive is applied on the insulation layer of the prefabricated roof panel, and the pouring is performed. The roof of the fine stone concrete protective layer, the roof fine stone concrete protective layer is equipped with steel bars, or the basalt fiber cloth or basalt fiber mesh cloth is installed instead of the steel bar.
A building envelope structure or/and prefabricated sheet construction according to claim 6 further comprising a building body structure; prefabricated roof panels when the prefabricated roof panels are mounted to the roof slab of the building body structure The elastic organic insulation layer is squeezed and glued to each other at the joint, and the waterproof coating is applied to the upper part of the prefabricated roof panel and the protruding part of the parapet wall, and the waterproof coating is waterproofed;

Paste the cement polymer mortar at the gap of the low-strength lightweight concrete at the bottom of the prefabricated roof panel, and then use the remaining amount of the reserved basalt fiber cloth to bond the joints between the prefabricated roof panels;

The length of the fine stone concrete protection layer between the upper part of the prefabricated roof panel and the adjacent prefabricated roof panel is reserved for the overlap between the upper reinforcement or the upper basalt fiber cloth or the basalt fiber mesh; the reinforcement of the upper part of the prefabricated roof panel After the basalt fiber cloth or basalt fiber mesh cloth is connected, the upper fine stone concrete protective layer at the joint is filled.
A building envelope structure or/and a prefabricated sheet structure comprising a building body structure and a prefabricated panel; the prefabricated panel comprising prefabricated composite insulation wall panels formed by inner leaf concrete, insulation layer and outer leaf concrete or for prefabricated composite insulation The wall panel or the prefabricated panel is a prefabricated panel without an insulation layer; the prefabricated panel is prefabricated by being separated and disposed in the door and window opening, and the prefabricated panel is fixed to the main structure of the building after installation, and then The prefabricated panels are joined at the splitting locations at the locations within the door and window openings, and the horizontal seams of the upper and lower prefabricated panels are joined.
A building envelope structure or/and a prefabricated sheet structure comprising a building body structure, a prefabricated panel; characterized in that it further comprises a diagonal or inclined steel plate;

The main structure of the building is various frame structures or frame shear wall structures; the prefabricated panels are various non-load-bearing prefabricated panels, and the prefabricated panels are prefabricated composite thermal insulation wall panels comprising inner leaf concrete, thermal insulation layer and outer leaf concrete. Or a prefabricated composite thermal insulation wall panel; the thermal insulation layer is an elastic thermal insulation layer, and there is a groove on the elastic thermal insulation layer, and the oblique steel or oblique steel plate is located in the groove of the elastic thermal insulation layer, and is pasted with an elastic adhesive capable of adapting deformation; or The inner leaf concrete of the precast board is concrete with certain elasticity, the inclined steel bar or the inclined steel plate is located in the elastic inner leaf concrete, and is bonded by an elastic adhesive capable of adapting deformation; the inclined steel bar or the inclined steel plate is connected with the steel piece in the precast plate material. The steel members and the iron members on the beam of the main structure of the building are connected by connecting iron members, and the assembled wall forms a support system for the plane of the frame.
A building envelope structure or/and a prefabricated sheet structure comprising a building body structure and a prefabricated panel; the building body structure is a variety of frame structures or frame shear wall structures; the prefabricated panels are prefabricated for various non-load-bearing panels a prefabricated panel comprising a prefabricated composite insulating wall panel formed by inner leaf concrete, an insulating layer and an outer leaf concrete; the prefabricated panel is mounted on the main structure of the building;

The insulating layer of the prefabricated board is an EPS board or an insulating material having the same performance as the EPS board; the EPS board is connected to the inner leaf concrete and the outer leaf concrete, and the tensile strength of the EPS board is utilized. The circumference of the building forms a suspension system that is connected by the concrete surface of the outer and outer blades of the EPS board and has vibration lag effect.
A building envelope structure or/and a prefabricated sheet structure comprising a building body structure and a prefabricated panel; and characterized in that it further comprises an elastic, recoverable shock absorbing and shock absorbing material, and a material that meets fire protection requirements;

The main structure of the building is various frame structures or frame shear wall structures; the prefabricated panels are various non-load-bearing prefabricated panels, and the prefabricated panels are prefabricated composite thermal insulation wall panels comprising inner leaf concrete, thermal insulation layer and outer leaf concrete. Or prefabricated composite insulation wall panels, or prefabricated panels are prefabricated panels without insulation; prefabricated panels are installed as externally slidable fabricated walls; prefabricated panels and pillars of the main structure of the building or Inter-elastic, recoverable shock-absorbing shock absorbers, materials that meet fire protection requirements, and attached to columns or rafts.
A building envelope structure or/and a prefabricated sheet structure comprising an outer thermal insulation wall and an outer thermal insulation roof; the outer thermal insulation wall comprising a base wall insulation roof including a roof insulation layer on the roof structure layer, roofing concrete protection The layer is characterized in that the insulation layer of the outer thermal insulation wall is continuous with the roof insulation layer; the roof concrete protection layer and the roof challenge board are not directly connected to the indoor, and the structural rubber is adhered to the roof concrete protection layer. The inclined roof is connected with the steel plate to form a sloping roof; or the concrete parapet wall is installed on the steel plate, and the concrete art railing is formed into a flat roof; the heat-insulating bridge structure connecting the energy-saving thermal insulation roof of the building envelope structure and the energy-saving heat insulation outer wall is formed.