WO2015120794A1 - Building component replacing plaster layer with prefabricated panel protection layer - Google Patents

Abstract

A building component replacing a plaster layer with a prefabricated panel protection layer, the building component comprising: building material (1); a prefabricated panel protection layer (2) is provided on one side or both sides of the surface of the building material (1); the building material (1) can be a wall, building blocks (1-1) or prefabricated panels (1-2) made of noncombustible material; the prefabricated panel protection layer (2) is cement fiberboard or calcium silicate board. The building component is easy of construction and has wide applications.

Description

A building element replacing a plastering layer with a prefabricated sheet protective layer

This application is required to be submitted to the Chinese Patent Office on February 12, 2014, with the application number 201410048973.2, and the Chinese patent application titled “Building Forced Components with Prefabricated Panels”; and submitted to China on December 18, 2014. The Patent Office, Application No. 201410850127.2, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety in its entirety in the entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire all all all all all all each

Technical field

The present invention relates to building components, and more particularly to a building component that replaces a plastering layer with a pre-formed sheet of protective layer.

Background technique

Now all the masonry walls, including the load-bearing wall and the non-load-bearing wall, have the problems of more wet work, more labor, labor intensity and backward production methods. In particular, the construction process of aerated concrete wall plastering is complicated, and it is easy to cause quality problems such as druming, cracking, falling off, rain leakage and so on. Aerated concrete wall or ceramsite block wall also has a map of plaster layer. The problem of cracks in the north, there are still problems of freezing and thawing in the north.

There are also assembled wall assembled with reinforced aerated concrete slabs, which not only have the above problems, but also because of the low density of aerated concrete, the corrosion protection ability of steel is poor, the anti-corrosion treatment of steel bars is required, and special equipment is needed. The steel bars are installed in the aerated concrete slab, and the reinforcement in the aerated concrete slab is troublesome, consumes steel bars, and has high cost. Therefore, such assembled walls assembled with reinforced aerated concrete slabs have not been used for many years.

Although lightweight blocks such as aerated concrete and ceramsite blocks have certain insulation properties, they are far from meeting the requirements of energy-saving insulation walls for heating areas, and even for energy-saving insulation of aerated concrete walls in hot summer and cold winter areas. Performance does not meet the requirements.

However, aerated concrete is produced by autoclaving, with good quality stability, small shrinkage, certain insulation properties, light weight and low cost, which is a great advantage.

Summary of the invention

The invention proposes a building component which replaces the plastering layer with a prefabricated sheet protective layer to avoid the common quality problem of the aerated concrete wall or other masonry wall, exert its advantages and reduce the wet operation. The invention provides a building component which replaces the plastering layer with a prefabricated sheet protective layer,

Including building materials, prefabricated sheet coverings;

The building material is a wall of non-combustible material, or a block of non-combustible material, or a prefabricated board of non-combustible material, the prefabricated board being an already formed prefabricated board;

The prefabricated sheet protective layer is a cement fiber board or a calcium silicate board;

There is a prefabricated sheet protection layer on one side or both sides of the surface of the building material.

Technical effects of the present invention:

1. The cement fiber board or calcium silicate board is used in the invention to replace the cement mortar surface layer which is commonly used in the current wall, which increases the assembly installation degree, eliminates the plastering wet operation, reduces the labor intensity of the on-site plastering construction, and saves labor. The speed is fast, the cost is low, the wall reform is promoted, and the building assembly process is promoted.

2. The present invention overcomes the quality problems of the surface layer which is easy to crack and the like.

Because cement fiberboard and calcium silicate board are produced by high-temperature and high-pressure prefabrication of professional factories, the quality is much higher than the mortar layer of artificial plastering on the construction site, and the durability is good, especially the durability of cement fiberboard is better, and the wall is improved. Protective layer quality. The invention will promote the cheap and lightweight materials of aerated concrete, ceramsite block or aerated concrete slab, and promote the cement fiber board and calcium silicate board to be widely used in the construction field, and promote wall reform and building energy saving. .

3. The prefabricated sheet protective layer is used as the force-bearing material, the prefabrication processing is convenient, the steel bar is not needed, the template is not needed, steam maintenance is not required, the land occupation is small, the investment is small, and the cost is lowered.

4. Inventive prefabricated sheet protective layer is used as the force-bearing material, and the prefabricated thermal insulation wall panel is assembled to the outside of the frame structure to form a fabricated external wall, which can meet the structural bearing capacity safety without reinforcing steel bars. Claim. Nowadays, there are a lot of fabricated walls that consume a lot of steel (such as the light steel skeleton in the middle), and they still do not meet the structural bearing capacity safety requirements. The invention not only has good safety, but also saves steel and reduces energy consumption and carbon emissions.

5. The building component of the invention is assembled into a assembled external thermal insulation wall or a fabricated thermal insulation roof, which has the advantages of fast installation speed, light weight and low cost, and can meet the requirements of energy-saving buildings with zero energy consumption or near zero energy buildings. .

6. The invention has a wide application range.

The invention is applicable to the wall body, including the load-bearing wall body and the non-load-bearing wall body; applicable to the column; also applicable to the roof surface, is applicable to various climatic zones, and is suitable for different building energy-saving heat preservation requirements.

DRAWINGS

1 is a cross-sectional view showing the structural structure of a building member in which a protective layer of a pre-formed sheet is used in place of a plastering layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structural structure of a building member in which a protective layer of a prefabricated sheet is used instead of a facing layer, in which an insulating layer is added, according to another embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a cross-sectional view showing the structural structure of a building member in which a protective layer of a prefabricated sheet is used in place of a plastering layer according to still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the insulating layer is two kinds of insulating materials;

4 is a cross-sectional view showing the structural structure of a building member in which a protective layer of a prefabricated sheet is used in place of a plastering layer, in which an insulating layer is present in the middle of the building material, or a building material is present on both sides of the insulating layer, according to still another embodiment of the present invention. There is a pre-made sheet of protective layer on the surface of the building material.

detailed description

The invention proposes a building component which replaces the plastering layer with a prefabricated sheet protective layer to avoid the common quality problem of the aerated concrete wall or other masonry wall, exert its advantages and reduce the wet operation.

Embodiment 1 : As shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a structural structure of a building member replacing a plaster layer with a protective layer of a prefabricated sheet according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, which shows a prefabricated sheet protective layer 2 and a building. Material 1, or a structure connected to the surface of the block 1-1 or the prefabricated plate 1-2. A building member for replacing a plastering layer with a prefabricated sheet protective layer according to the present embodiment includes a building material 1 and a prefabricated sheet protective layer 2.

The building material 1 is a wall of incombustible material, such as a load-bearing wall made of concrete blocks, aerated concrete blocks, a non-load-bearing wall, or a wall to which aerated concrete slabs are installed; or the building The material 1 is a block 1-1 of incombustible material, or a prefabricated plate 1-2 which is a non-combustible material, and the prefabricated plate 1-2 is a prefabricated plate which has been formed, such as a precast plate 1-2 as an aerated concrete slab, Foam cement board and other plates.

The prefabricated sheet protective layer 2 is a cement fiber board or a calcium silicate board.

A prefabricated sheet protective layer 2 is provided on one side or both sides of the surface of the building material 1, and the pre-formed sheet protective layer 2 is used to replace the current mat layer to form a building member in which the pre-formed sheet protective layer is used instead of the mat layer.

The prefabricated sheet protection layer 2 and the building material 1 are connected in the following two different sequences, and the connection order of the two can be selected according to the use requirements and construction convenience:

1) First connect the prefabricated sheet protection layer 2 to the surface of the block 1-1 or the prefabricated plate 1-2, such as first with aerated concrete blocks or aerated concrete slabs; then install the prefabricated plate protection The block 1-1 of the layer 2 or the prefabricated plate 1-2 forms a wall or roof of the building component, that is, the first connected building component;

2) Or first install the building material 1 to form a wall or column, and then install the prefabricated sheet protective layer 2 on the surface of the building material 1, which is called a post-connected building member.

The difference between this embodiment and the disclosed technology is that

1. At present, there is no pre-fabricated protective layer (that is, first connected) on the surface of the block produced by the mold or the prefabricated plate (such as aerated concrete slab) which is cut and formed, and then installed on the main structure of the building or Engineering example.

Aerated concrete is a large piece of aerated concrete produced by steam health (ranging from 3 to 6 m long), and then the bulk aerated concrete is cut into blocks or plates, which do not need to be protected by prefabricated plates during the molding process. The layer is used as a template, so no one wants to install a prefabricated sheet protective layer on the surface of the aerated concrete slab or aerated concrete block to solve the problem that the surface of the aerated concrete wall is behind the plastering process, and the crack of the aerated concrete wall is also prone to occur. And other quality issues.

Up to now, there are no engineering examples or regulations for installing prefabricated sheet protective layers on the surface of various blocks or aerated concrete slabs instead of plastering layers; other types of blocks are also produced by molds, and also do not need to be used. The prefabricated sheet protection layer serves as a template. Therefore, the problems described in the background art have not been solved for many years.

2. Walls of aerated concrete blocks or terracotta block walls such as masonry walls or reinforced aerated concrete slabs have been available for decades, and the masonry walls have appeared for thousands of years, cement fiberboard and silicic acid. Calcium plates have been around the world for decades, and until now there have been no prefabricated sheet coatings on the surface of masonry walls to replace any current engineering examples or regulations for masonry wall coverings. The problems described in the background art have not been solved for many years.

This is because people are ignoring the existing concept that they are going to plaster after the wall is built.

The technical solutions of the present invention are not described in the prior art, and are not obvious.

At present, cement fiberboard and calcium silicate board are used as templates for cast-in-place materials, such as cemented fiberboard or silicic acid on both sides when pouring foamed cement, pouring concrete, and pouring light-weight insulation materials of benzene board particles and cement. The calcium plate is a formwork that forms a lightweight wall panel or a heavy-duty concrete that is free of mold.

In this embodiment, the prefabricated sheet protective layer 2 is attached to the surface of the building material 1 to form a building component first. When the building material 1 is an aerated concrete slab or a foamed slab, a prefabricated insulating wall panel having a certain thermal insulation effect is formed. Forming a prefabricated thermal insulation roof panel, and attaching the mounting or pasting and anchoring bolts to the outer side of the frame structural beam column to form a fabricated external thermal insulation wall. For example, if the aerated concrete has a thermal conductivity of 0.13~0.14w/m·k and the aerated concrete slab has a thickness of 180mm, the average heat transfer coefficient is about 0.63~0.7w/m ² ·k, which is applied to hot summer areas such as Guangdong and Fujian in China. It is a wall with good energy saving and heat preservation.

When the building components of the prefabricated insulation roof panels are installed on the steel beams or concrete beams of the roof, an assembled insulation roof is formed. In most cases, the prefabricated sheet protection layer 2 for roofing is only located on one side of the building material 1 (the lower part requires a formwork roof), and after installation, the prefabricated sheet protection layer 2 is located at the lower part of the roof, and the cast mortar is reproduced in the upper part. Or fine stone concrete, cement mortar or fine stone concrete with steel bars integrated into one, can form a unidirectional continuous plate bearing roof, especially suitable for industrial plant buildings.

Embodiment 2: As shown in FIG. 1 , the present embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the connection structure of the prefabricated sheet metal protective layer 2 and the building material 1 is as follows:

The prefabricated sheet protective layer 2 is fixed on the surface of the building material 1 with the nails 3, or the prefabricated sheet protective layer 2 is adhered to the surface of the building material 1 with the adhesive 4, or the prefabricated sheet protective layer 2 is fixed together with the nails 3 and the adhesive 4 The surface of material 1.

Embodiment 3: As shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 4 , the difference between the embodiment and the first or second embodiment is that the insulation layer 5 is added to the embodiment, and the insulation layer 5 is an organic thermal insulation material (such as an EPS board) or Inorganic insulation materials (such as rock wool), or mixed insulation materials for inorganic insulation materials and organic insulation materials, and other materials that can be used as insulation materials. An insulating layer 5 is arranged on the outer side of the building material 1, and the insulating layer 5 is connected with the building material 1; or a prefabricated sheet protective layer 2 is provided on the outer side of the insulating layer 5, and the insulating layer 5 is connected with the prefabricated sheet protective layer 2; or the insulating layer 5 is located between the building materials 1 on the inner and outer sides, and the insulating layer 5 is connected between the building materials 1 on the inner and outer sides.

In the embodiment, the thermal insulation layer is prefabricated and installed in the building component, and the installation of the thermal insulation layer on the construction site can be avoided, and the assembly degree of the energy-saving thermal insulation wall or the energy-saving thermal insulation roof can be improved.

The building member composed of the present embodiment is mounted to the outside of the frame structure in the above-described configuration to constitute a fabricated external heat insulating wall. In the EPS board thickness of 100mm ~ 270mm, plus the door and window opening heat insulation bridge structure, the wall average heat transfer coefficient is about 0.25w / m ² · k ~ 0.15w / m ² · k. Applying a wall with a heat transfer coefficient of 0.25w/m ² ·k to a hot summer and cold winter zone, the wall with a heat transfer coefficient of 0.15w/m ² ·k can be used to meet zero-energy buildings or near Energy-saving insulation wall required for zero-energy buildings.

When the building member of the present embodiment is also mounted on a steel beam or a concrete beam of a roof, an assembled roof with high energy-saving insulation is formed.

Embodiment 4: The difference between the present embodiment and one of the first to third embodiments is that the prefabricated sheet metal protective layer 2 is used as the force-receiving material in the present embodiment, and the building member composed of the structure can be calculated according to the structural bearing capacity design theory.

The prefabricated sheet protection layer 2 can be used to replace the steel bar that is pulled or replaced by a tensile net (such as steel wire mesh or alkali-resistant mesh cloth), or to replace the concrete in the compression zone (the wall is alternated between positive wind pressure and negative wind pressure). Next, the prefabricated sheet protective layer is sometimes subjected to tension, sometimes under pressure, and as a shear resistant material (the building is subjected to shear forces when displaced along the plane of the wall).

Mounting the cement fiberboard or calcium silicate board to the precast 1-2 of the aerated concrete is equivalent to ribbing or installing a wire mesh on the side of the precast aerated concrete slab. Compared with the reinforced aerated concrete slab, the bending height of the section is greatly increased, which is more advantageous against bending. For example, a 100mm thick reinforced aerated concrete slab, the center distance of the reinforcing bars on both sides is about 60mm, that is, the effective height of the section bending resistance h ₀ = 60mm; but if a 90mm thick aerated concrete slab is used, 5mm thick cement fiber slabs are attached on both sides to form 100mm Thick precast aerated concrete slab with prefabricated sheet protection, effective cross-section bending height h ₀ = 95mm > 60mm. In the invention, the cement fiber board or the calcium silicate board is used as the force receiving material, so that it is not necessary to reinforce in the aerated concrete board, otherwise the aerated concrete board must be reinforced. This aerated concrete slab with prefabricated sheet protection can be applied to indoor partition walls. If the thickness of the aerated concrete slab is increased, or the insulation layer 5 is added according to the third embodiment, the formed building member can be applied to the outer wall. When applied to the outer wall, the thickness of the protective layer of the prefabricated sheet should be increased, which may be implemented. Mode 4 meets the needs of design calculation of structural bearing capacity, and is also the need to ensure durability. According to the technical requirements of China's "non-load-bearing fiber reinforced cement board for exterior wall" JG/J396: durability index: freeze-thaw resistance, heat-resistant rain performance, hot water resistance, dry and wet resistance, prefabricated sheet protection When the layer is used as a material for building components, its durability meets certain requirements.

Cement fiberboard or calcium silicate board has tensile, compressive and shear resistance. For example, the tensile strength design value of cement fiberboard is half of the water-resistant flexural strength, and the assumed tensile strength is 13 MPa, and the tensile strength design value is 6.5 MPa. When the thickness of the cement fiberboard is 10 mm, the 1 m wide cement fiberboard is equivalent to 2.2 cm ² of steel bars, respectively.

By adjusting the thickness of the section, the form of the bearing member of the stressed building member, the thickness and strength of the cement fiberboard, the design requirements for the bending and shear bearing capacity under load (mainly wind load or horizontal seismic action for the external wall) can be satisfied. And satisfy the deformation control within a certain range.

The EU's newly revised standard "EN12602 Steel Autoclaved Aerated Concrete" was released in August 2014. This shows that the international use of reinforced aerated concrete slabs is not expected to be installed on the side of aerated concrete slabs or blocks. Cement fiberboard or calcium silicate board is used as the force material.

For block 1-1, the cement fiber board or calcium silicate board is installed on the block 1-1, which increases the compressive, tensile and shear strength of the block 1-1, and is more favorable for low density. The application of aerated concrete products can give full play to the advantages of aerated concrete insulation and meet the strength requirements.

The invention expands the scope of application of cement fiberboard or calcium silicate board as a force material, which is not found in the existing building structure technology and is not obvious.

Cement fiberboard or calcium silicate boards have only been used as decorative materials, as a formwork, or as a facing for indoor partition walls of light steel keels. Who would have thought that it could be used as a force-bearing material, so that the aerated concrete slab could not be reinforced, and the wall or roof could be designed according to the structural theory?

Technicians in architecture and materials do not understand structural knowledge or know less. Structure Professional and technical personnel only use structural theory and traditional materials to design walls, slabs, beams, columns and foundations. There are few people involved in the research of modern wall technology, or the research is not deep, and there is little understanding of various decorative materials. This is not within the scope of this profession. All decorative materials need to have a certain strength, but not all decorative materials are suitable as a force material. For a long time, no one has proposed the structural design concept of using cement fiberboard or calcium silicate board as the force material.

This patent applicant is a structural professional and technical personnel. Although the applicant of this patent has been studying the wall technology with full energy, it has been nearly 12 years. In the previously filed patent documents, it is inseparable from the tensile net. It has long been considered Prefabricated panels are decorative and have not been proposed for many years as a material for force.

The applicant of this patent needs to conduct interdisciplinary and cross-disciplinary research in the research of wall technology. In addition to the construction field, it is also necessary to understand some aspects of chemical engineering and metallography. In addition to the building structure, the building field also involves multi-disciplinary knowledge of building technology, building structure, building physics, building thermal engineering, etc. It also needs to master a variety of building materials in order to open ideas, rationally use different materials, and optimize wall structure. After more than 12 years of unremitting research on wall technology, this patent applicant has proposed that cement fiberboard or calcium silicate board can replace the plastering layer of building components on the basis of knowledge of various disciplines and knowledge of various materials. Can be used as a force material.

Description:

1. For the first connection and the last connection described in the first embodiment:

1) a building member formed by first connecting the prefabricated sheet protective layer 2 with the building material 1; or the third building material 1 is connected with the insulating layer 5, first connected to form a building member, and then mounted to the main structure of the building to form an assembly Wall or fabricated roof.

2) First, the building material 1 is installed to form a wall or a column; or the building material 1 is first connected with the heat insulating layer 5, and then the wall body is installed, and then the prefabricated sheet protective layer 2 is installed on the building material 1 or/and the insulating layer. On the surface, the formed building member is a rear connected wall; a prefabricated sheet protective layer 2 is attached to the already-walled wall to replace the plaster layer. Or install a prefabricated sheet protection layer 2 on the side of the aerated concrete block, and install one side of the prefabricated sheet protection layer 2 when laying. There is a gap between the outer prefabricated sheet protective layer 2 to form a stone-like decoration; an entire prefabricated sheet protective layer 2 should be installed indoors in order to minimize the seam of the indoor side prefabricated sheet protective layer 2.

Therefore, the two methods of first connection and rear connection can be selected separately, or can be used together: that is, some parts are connected first, and some parts are connected later, and are selected according to engineering requirements and construction convenience.

The invention is particularly suitable for application in the case where the surface flatness of the building material 1 is good.

2. When the building component of the present invention is applied to the installation and assembly type thermal insulation roof, it is recommended that the prefabricated sheet protection layer 2 be installed only on one side of the building material, and the prefabricated sheet protection layer 2 is located on the indoor side when the building component is installed, that is, located in the roof panel bottom of. Apply the adhesive on the installed roofing building component (or apply the interface agent, the interface agent is also the adhesive), pour the cement mortar or fine stone concrete protective layer, install the steel bar in the cement mortar or fine stone concrete protective layer or install the steel mesh, etc. , the protective layer on the roof is integrated into one. Therefore, when the present invention is applied to a roof, it is necessary to mount a prefabricated sheet protective layer 2 on one side of the surface of the building material 1.

3, about the adhesive 4

At present, the bonding of composite members is made of cement-based polymer mortar with water-soluble adhesive and cement, sand, etc., or fast bonding with polyurethane adhesive. For example, decorative insulation boards for large-scale application and color insulation steel sheets are bonded with polyurethane adhesive. This polyurethane adhesive is not a water-soluble adhesive 4, and the durability of the polyurethane adhesive is poor.

Ordinary cement mortar and cement polymer mortar are adhesives, and water-soluble adhesives are also adhesives, or cementitious materials.

The surface of the cement fiber board is smooth, the cement polymer mortar has a poor bonding effect, and the cement polymer mortar is troublesome, the cleaning container is troublesome, the labor intensity is large, and the building components are maintained for a long time.

The aerated concrete slab 1, the prefabricated sheet protective layer 2, or the insulating layer 3 can be directly bonded with the water-soluble adhesive 4, and the bonding speed is fast and most convenient. Or can add non-water The mud-based inorganic powder is added with a non-cement inorganic powder such as sand in the water-soluble adhesive 4 for leveling. There are many types of water-soluble adhesives, and it is preferred to use less moisture-absorbing adhesives, such as polyacrylate emulsions, which are irreversible, elastic, and durable when exposed to moisture.

Cement can also be added to the water-soluble adhesive 4 to form a cement polymer adhesive, but water should not be added. When the water is added, the adhesive 4 is diluted, and the cement polymer adhesive or cement polymer mortar is added, and the bonding effect is not it is good.

4. There are other prefabricated sheet protection layers, such as magnesite sheets. Because of its poor durability and poor quality stability, it is not recommended to use a magnesite board instead of a plaster layer and as a force-bearing material.

5. The difference between the design requirements for the bearing capacity according to the structural theory design and the safety of the structural formula cannot be calculated:

According to the structural theory, the standard value of material strength is determined by a large number of experiments. For example, the standard value of compressive strength of C30 concrete is 20.1 N/mm ² , but the design value of compressive strength of C30 concrete is specified to be 14.3 N/mm ² , that is, the material strength. The design value is approximately 30% safe. When calculating the wind load on the wall, the maximum wind load value of 50 years is usually taken as the basic wind pressure, and the height coefficient, gust coefficient, wind load shape coefficient, etc. are multiplied, and finally the load combination coefficient is multiplied. 1.4 (that is, the safety factor), and consider different adjustments in the city center, suburbs, and remote areas. For example, the basic wind pressure in Harbin is 0.55KN/m ² , and the wall with a height of 50m and 100m in the suburb of Harbin is calculated. After multiplying the above factors, the combined wind load values are 2.03KN/m ² and 2.43KN/m ^{2 respectively} . According to the wind load combination value and the material strength design value, the design is based on the structural formula calculation. Such a wall has a considerable safety reserve and is very safe. However, the aerated concrete or ceramsite block wall currently built in the frame structure, and the installation of the light steel keel in the frame, and the installation of the prefabricated light-insulated wall panel on the light steel keel is fully inlaid or semi-fully mounted. The wall can not be calculated according to the structural formula. Obviously, its safety is poor, and it also consumes a lot of steel.

The above is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the invention.

Claims (13)

1. A building component that replaces a plastering layer with a prefabricated sheet of protective layer, which includes building materials;

   Characterized in that it also includes a prefabricated sheet protective layer;

   The building material is a wall of non-combustible material, or a block of non-combustible material, or a prefabricated board of non-combustible material, the prefabricated board being an already formed prefabricated board;

   The prefabricated sheet protective layer is a cement fiber board or a calcium silicate board;

   The prefabricated sheet protective layer is provided on one side or both inner and outer sides of the surface of the building material.
2. A building member for replacing a plastering layer with a prefabricated sheet protective layer according to claim 1,

   The utility model is characterized in that the prefabricated sheet protective layer is firstly connected with the surface of the block or the prefabricated board, and then the block or prefabricated board which has been installed with the protective layer of the prefabricated sheet is installed to form a wall, a column or a roof, which is called For the front connection.
3. A building member for replacing a plastering layer with a prefabricated sheet protective layer according to claim 1,

   The utility model is characterized in that the building material is first installed to form a wall or a column, and the prefabricated sheet protective layer is installed on the surface of the building material, which is called a rear connection.
4. A building member for replacing a plastering layer with a prefabricated sheet protective layer according to claim 1,

   The method is characterized in that: the connection between the prefabricated sheet protective layer and the building material is:

   Fixing the prefabricated sheet protective layer on the surface of the building material with a nail, or bonding the prefabricated sheet protective layer to the surface of the building material with an adhesive, or fixing the prefabricated sheet protective layer together with a nail and an adhesive The surface of the building material.
5. A building member for replacing a plastering layer with a prefabricated sheet protective layer according to claim 2,

   The method is characterized in that: the connection between the prefabricated sheet protective layer and the building material is:

   Fixing the pre-formed sheet protective layer on the surface of the building material with a nail, or using an adhesive The prefabricated sheet protective layer is adhered to the surface of the building material, or the prefabricated sheet protective layer is fixed to the surface of the building material by a nail and an adhesive.
6. A building member for replacing a plastering layer with a protective layer of a prefabricated sheet according to claim 3,

   The method is characterized in that: the connection between the prefabricated sheet protective layer and the building material is:

   Fixing the prefabricated sheet protective layer on the surface of the building material with a nail, or bonding the prefabricated sheet protective layer to the surface of the building material with an adhesive, or fixing the prefabricated sheet protective layer together with a nail and an adhesive The surface of the building material.
7. A building member for replacing a plastering layer with a prefabricated sheet protective layer according to claim 1,

   Characterized in that it further comprises an insulating layer;

   Providing the heat insulating layer on an outer side of the building material, the heat insulating layer is connected with the building material; or the outer side of the heat insulating layer is also a prefabricated sheet protective layer, the heat insulating layer and the prefabricated sheet The protective layer is connected; or the insulating layer is located between the building materials on the inner and outer sides, and the insulating layer is connected between the building materials on the inner and outer sides.
8. A building member for replacing a plastering layer with a prefabricated sheet protective layer according to claim 2,

   Characterized in that it further comprises an insulating layer;

   Providing the heat insulating layer on an outer side of the building material, the heat insulating layer is connected with the building material; or the outer side of the heat insulating layer is also a prefabricated sheet protective layer, the heat insulating layer and the prefabricated sheet The protective layer is connected; or the insulating layer is located between the building materials on the inner and outer sides, and the insulating layer is connected between the building materials on the inner and outer sides.
9. A building member for replacing a plastering layer with a protective layer of a prefabricated sheet according to claim 3,

   Characterized in that it further comprises an insulating layer;

   Providing the heat insulating layer on an outer side of the building material, the heat insulating layer and the building material a joint of the material; or the outer layer of the insulating layer, the protective layer of the prefabricated sheet, the insulating layer is connected with the protective layer of the prefabricated sheet; or the insulating layer is located between the building materials on the inner and outer sides, The insulation layer is connected to the building materials on the inner and outer sides.
10. A building member for replacing a plastering layer with a prefabricated sheet protective layer according to claim 4,

    Characterized in that it further comprises an insulating layer;

    Providing the heat insulating layer on an outer side of the building material, the heat insulating layer is connected with the building material; or the outer side of the heat insulating layer is also a prefabricated sheet protective layer, the heat insulating layer and the prefabricated sheet The protective layer is connected; or the insulating layer is located between the building materials on the inner and outer sides, and the insulating layer is connected between the building materials on the inner and outer sides.
11. A building member for replacing a plastering layer with a prefabricated sheet protective layer according to claim 5,

    Characterized in that it further comprises an insulating layer;

    Providing the heat insulating layer on an outer side of the building material, the heat insulating layer is connected with the building material; or the outer side of the heat insulating layer is also a prefabricated sheet protective layer, the heat insulating layer and the prefabricated sheet The protective layer is connected; or the insulating layer is located between the building materials on the inner and outer sides, and the insulating layer is connected between the building materials on the inner and outer sides.
12. A building member for replacing a plastering layer with a prefabricated sheet protective layer according to claim 6

    Characterized in that it further comprises an insulating layer;

    Providing the heat insulating layer on an outer side of the building material, the heat insulating layer is connected with the building material; or the outer side of the heat insulating layer is also a prefabricated sheet protective layer, the heat insulating layer and the prefabricated sheet The protective layer is connected; or the insulating layer is located between the building materials on the inner and outer sides, and the insulating layer is connected between the building materials on the inner and outer sides.
13. A building member for replacing a plastering layer with a prefabricated sheet protective layer according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

    The utility model is characterized in that the prefabricated sheet protective layer is used as the force-bearing material, and the building component composed of the structural bearing capacity can be theoretically calculated.

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