WO2018202013A1 - 车体顶起装置、升降系统及升降控制方法 - Google Patents

车体顶起装置、升降系统及升降控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018202013A1
WO2018202013A1 PCT/CN2018/085124 CN2018085124W WO2018202013A1 WO 2018202013 A1 WO2018202013 A1 WO 2018202013A1 CN 2018085124 W CN2018085124 W CN 2018085124W WO 2018202013 A1 WO2018202013 A1 WO 2018202013A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oil
vehicle body
chamber
jacking device
bearing platform
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/085124
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
沈国卫
Original Assignee
沈国卫
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 沈国卫 filed Critical 沈国卫
Publication of WO2018202013A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018202013A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F3/00—Devices, e.g. jacks, adapted for uninterrupted lifting of loads
    • B66F3/24—Devices, e.g. jacks, adapted for uninterrupted lifting of loads fluid-pressure operated
    • B66F3/25—Constructional features
    • B66F3/42—Constructional features with self-contained pumps, e.g. actuated by hand
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F3/00—Devices, e.g. jacks, adapted for uninterrupted lifting of loads
    • B66F3/24—Devices, e.g. jacks, adapted for uninterrupted lifting of loads fluid-pressure operated
    • B66F3/25—Constructional features
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F2700/00—Lifting apparatus
    • B66F2700/05—Hydraulic jacks

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of vehicle manufacturing maintenance, and in particular, to a vehicle body jacking device, a lifting system, and a lifting control method.
  • the tire is a ring-shaped elastic rubber product assembled on various vehicles or machinery, which is usually mounted on a metal rim, and has the ability to support the vehicle body, cushion external impact, achieve contact with the road surface, and ensure the normal running of the vehicle.
  • the method of replacing the tire is mainly to jack up the car by the vehicle jack, and the vehicle maintenance personnel or the owner of the vehicle performs the disassembly and replacement of the tire.
  • the vehicle jack can lift the vehicle to enable the maintenance personnel or the owner to perform the tire replacement
  • the use of the jack requires the person to manually rock the rocker to rotate the screw to lift the vehicle, which is cumbersome to operate, and for some For vehicles with heavier models, people cannot lift the vehicle through the truck-mounted jacks for tire replacement.
  • the purpose of the present disclosure includes providing a vehicle body jacking device, a lifting system, and a lifting control method to alleviate the technical problems in the prior art that it is inconvenient, cumbersome, and time consuming to replace the tire.
  • the present invention provides a vehicle body jacking device comprising a bearing platform having a cavity structure, a piston dividing the cavity of the bearing platform into two independent chambers, a piston rod fixed to the piston, and Two independent chambers provide oil tanks, and three independent four-way reversing valves are connected between the two independent chambers and the fuel tank, and the oil inlet line between the oil tank and the three-position four-way reversing valve is provided
  • the oil pump, the oil tank and the bearing platform are all fixed on the chassis of the vehicle body.
  • the piston divides the cavity of the bearing platform into relatively independent first chambers and second chambers, and the first chamber and the second chamber are respectively connected with the three-position four-way a different interface is connected to the reversing valve; a sidewall of the second chamber is provided with a through hole, one end of the piston rod is fixed to the piston, and the other end extends through the through hole to extend the bearing The outside of the station.
  • a support plate is further included, the top end of the support plate is provided with a hemispherical groove, the top end of the free end of the piston rod is hemispherical, and the free end of the piston rod is hinged with the support plate through the hemispherical groove.
  • the bottom surface area of the support plate is larger than the bottom surface area of the piston rod.
  • the support plate is a rectangular plate.
  • the three-position four-way reversing valve includes a spool chamber, a spool slidably coupled in the spool chamber, an elastic member fitted at both ends of the spool, and a left electromagnetic unit that drives the spool to move Coil and right solenoid.
  • the three-position four-way reversing valve is sequentially provided with a first interface, an oil inlet port, a second port and an oil outlet along a length thereof, the first interface, the oil inlet, and the The second interface and the oil outlet are both connected to the valve core chamber, and the three-position four-way switching valve is further provided with a flow channel, and one end of the flow channel is close to the valve core cavity a position of the first interface is communicated, and the other end is in communication with a position on the spool chamber corresponding to the oil outlet; the first interface is in communication with the first chamber, the second interface is The second chamber is in communication, the oil inlet and the oil outlet are all connected to the oil tank; the valve core comprises a connecting shaft, and the first plug and the first plug are arranged along the length direction of the connecting shaft The second plug, the first plug and the second plug are matched with the radial cross-sectional shape of the spool cavity.
  • a check valve is connected between the oil tank and the three-position four-way reversing valve.
  • check valve is connected with a pressure gauge.
  • an overflow valve is connected between the oil tank and the three-position four-way reversing valve.
  • a filter core connected between the oil tank and the oil pump is further included.
  • the filter core is a metal mesh filter core.
  • the elastic member is a spring.
  • the present disclosure also provides a lifting control method for controlling lifting of the vehicle body jacking device, wherein the step of controlling the vehicle body jacking device to jack up the vehicle is as follows:
  • S100 controls a first communication state of the three-position four-way reversing valve, and the oil tank is capable of supplying oil to the chamber located at an upper portion of the cavity of the bearing platform;
  • S200 opens the oil pump, the oil pump drives oil in the oil tank into the chamber in the upper part of the bearing platform, and at the same time, the oil in the lower chamber of the bearing platform passes through the three-position four-way exchange a valve will flow into the oil tank; the piston drives the piston rod to move downward under the oil pressure of the two chambers until the bottom end of the piston rod abuts against the ground; the piston And the position of the piston rod is unchanged, the bearing platform drives the chassis of the vehicle body to move upward under the oil pressure of the two chambers;
  • S300 controls the three-position four-way reversing valve to be in an off state
  • S400 controls a second communication state of the three-position four-way reversing valve, and the oil tank is capable of supplying oil to the chamber located at a lower portion of the cavity of the bearing platform;
  • S500 opens the oil pump, and the oil pump drives oil in the oil tank into the chamber in the lower part of the bearing platform, and at the same time, the oil in the upper chamber of the bearing platform passes through the three-position four-way exchange
  • the valve will flow into the oil tank;
  • the load bearing platform drives the chassis of the vehicle body to move downward under the oil pressure of the two chambers until the wheel of the vehicle abuts against the ground;
  • the chassis of the vehicle body And the position of the bearing table is unchanged, the piston drives the piston rod to move upwards under the oil pressure of the two chambers until the piston rod returns to the original position;
  • S600 controls the three-position four-way reversing valve to be in an open state.
  • the oil pump of the vehicle body jacking device can transport the oil in the oil tank to the two independent chambers of the bearing platform through the oil inlet of the three-way four-way reversing valve, and the bearing platform is fixed on the chassis of the vehicle body, and the oil tank is different.
  • the chamber is filled with oil
  • the bearing platform can drive the chassis and the vehicle body to rise or fall.
  • the three-position four-way reversing valve is in the first communication state, the oil tank supplies oil to the upper chamber of the bearing platform, and the oil in the lower chamber of the bearing platform flows back into the oil tank to form a circuit, between the piston rod and the bearing platform.
  • the piston rod abuts against the ground to lift the vehicle; when the three-position four-way reversing valve is in the second communication state, the oil tank supplies oil to the lower chamber of the load-bearing platform, and the upper chamber of the load-bearing platform The oil in the oil flows back into the oil tank to form a circuit opposite to the above-mentioned circuit.
  • the piston rod and the bearing platform move relatively close to realize the vehicle landing and the retraction of the piston rod.
  • the three-position four-way is changed. Turn the valve to the off state.
  • the present disclosure provides a lifting system including the above-described vehicle body jacking device.
  • the vehicle body jacking device is at least two, and the vehicle body jacking device is dispersedly fixed on the bottom surface of the vehicle body chassis.
  • the vehicle body jacking device is four, wherein each of the two vehicle body jacking devices is a group, and the two sets of the vehicle body jacking devices are symmetrically disposed on two sides of the vehicle body beam. On the chassis of the car body.
  • the signal controller and the signal receiver electrically connected to the signal controller are electrically connected to the oil pump and the three-position four-way reversing valve of the vehicle body jacking device.
  • the lifting system has the same advantages as the above-mentioned vehicle body jacking device, and details are not described herein again.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view showing a position connection between a vehicle body jacking device and a vehicle body chassis according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective structural view of a vehicle body jacking device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the bearing platform of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the three-position four-way reversing valve of Figure 1;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the three-position four-way reversing valve of Figure 1.
  • Icons 1-bearing platform; 2-piston; 3-piston rod; 4-three four-way reversing valve; 5-car body chassis; 6-oil pump; 7-tank; 8-support plate; 11-chamber; 111-first chamber; 112-second chamber; 41-valve chamber; 42-spool; 43-spring; 44-left solenoid; 45-right solenoid; 46-inlet; 47-out Oil port; 48-first interface; 49-second interface; 411-first ring groove; 412-second ring groove; 81-hemispherical groove.
  • connection In the description of the present disclosure, it should be noted that the terms “installation”, “connected”, and “connected” are to be understood broadly, and may be fixed or detachable, for example, unless otherwise explicitly defined and defined. Connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanical or electrical; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of the two components.
  • Connected, or integrally connected can be mechanical or electrical; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of the two components.
  • the specific meanings of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood in the specific circumstances by those skilled in the art.
  • the embodiment provides a vehicle body jacking device, a bearing platform having a cavity structure, a piston 2 for dividing the cavity of the bearing platform 1 into two independent chambers 11, and
  • the piston rod 3 fixed by the piston 2 and the oil tank 7 for supplying oil to the two independent chambers 11 are connected with a three-position four-way reversing valve 4 between the two independent chambers 11 and the oil tank 7, and the fuel tank 7 and the three-position four
  • An oil pump 6 is disposed on the oil inlet line between the reversing valves 4, and the oil tank 7 and the bearing platform 1 are both fixed to the vehicle body chassis 5.
  • the oil pump 6 of the vehicle body jacking device can transport the oil in the oil tank 7 to the two independent chambers 11 of the bearing platform 1 through the oil inlet port 46 of the three-position four-way switching valve 4, and the bearing platform 1 is fixed at On the vehicle body chassis 5, when the oil tank 7 is filled with oil into the different chambers 11, the relative movement between the piston rod 3 and the bearing platform 1 occurs.
  • the bearing platform 1 can drive the chassis 5 of the vehicle body. And the car body is jacked up or fallen.
  • the embodiment further provides a lifting control method for controlling the lifting and lowering of the vehicle body jacking device, wherein the step of controlling the vehicle body jacking device to jack up the vehicle is as follows: S100 controls the third four-way four-way switching valve 4 In a connected state, the oil tank 7 can supply oil to the upper chamber 11 of the cavity of the bearing platform 1; S200 opens the oil pump 6, and the oil pump 6 drives the oil in the oil tank 7 into the upper chamber 11 of the bearing platform 1 At the same time, the oil in the lower chamber 11 of the bearing platform 1 flows into the oil tank 7 through the three-position four-way switching valve 4; the piston 2 drives the piston rod 3 downward under the oil pressure of the two chambers 11 Movement until the bottom end of the piston rod 3 abuts against the ground; the position of the piston 2 and the piston rod 3 is unchanged, and the bearing platform 1 drives the chassis 5 of the vehicle body to move upward under the oil pressure of the two chambers 11; The three-position four-way switching valve 4 is in an open state;
  • the step of controlling the vehicle body jacking device to descend the vehicle is as follows: S400 controls the second communication state of the three-position four-way switching valve 4, and the oil tank 7 can supply oil to the lower chamber 11 in the cavity of the bearing platform 1; The S500 opens the oil pump 6, and the oil pump 6 drives the oil in the oil tank 7 into the lower chamber 11 of the load-bearing table 1.
  • the oil in the upper chamber 11 of the load-bearing table 1 passes through the three-position four-way switching valve 4 It will flow into the oil tank 7; under the action of the oil pressure of the two chambers 11, the load-bearing table 1 will drive the chassis 5 of the vehicle body to move downward until the wheels of the vehicle abut against the ground; the position of the chassis 5 and the load-bearing platform 1 remain unchanged.
  • the piston 2 drives the piston rod 3 to move upwards under the oil pressure of the two chambers 11 until the piston rod 3 returns to the original position; the S600 controls the three-position four-way switching valve 4 to be in the off state.
  • the oil tank 7 supplies oil to the chamber 11 at the upper portion of the bearing platform 1, and the oil in the chamber 11 at the lower portion of the bearing platform 1 flows back into the oil tank 7 to form a circuit.
  • a relatively distant movement between the piston rod 3 and the bearing platform 1 is realized, so that the piston rod 3 abuts against the ground to lift the vehicle; when the three-position four-way switching valve 4 is in the second communication state, the oil tank 7 is the lower part of the bearing platform 1 The chamber 11 supplies oil, and the oil in the chamber 11 at the upper portion of the bearing platform 1 flows back into the oil tank 7, forming a circuit opposite to the above-mentioned circuit, and a relatively close movement between the piston rod 3 and the bearing platform 1 is realized.
  • the three-position four-way switching valve is turned to the off state.
  • the piston 2 divides the cavity of the bearing platform 1 into a relatively independent first chamber 111 and second chamber 112, and the first chamber 111 and the second chamber 112 are separated. They are respectively connected to different interfaces on the three-way four-way switching valve 4; the side wall of the second chamber 112 is provided with a through hole, one end of the piston rod 3 is fixedly connected to the piston 2, and the other end is extended through the through hole to extend the bearing.
  • the first chamber 111 of the bearing platform 1 is located at the upper portion, and the second chamber 112 is located at the lower portion, and the piston rod 3 can be disposed perpendicular to the ground.
  • the vehicle tire is grounded, the piston rod 3 is suspended and retracted into the bearing platform 1.
  • an oil pump 6 is arranged on the oil inlet line between the oil tank 7 and the three-position four-way selector valve 4, and the oil pump 6 starts to work.
  • the oil pump 6 delivers the oil in the oil tank 7 to the first chamber 111 of the bearing platform 1 through the three-way four-way switching valve 4 through the oil inlet line.
  • the pressure in the first chamber 111 of the bearing platform 1 increases.
  • the pressure in the second chamber 112 is correspondingly reduced, and the piston rod 3 is moved downward until the bottom end of the piston rod 3 abuts against the ground; at this time, the piston 2 and the piston rod 3 are not moved, and the bearing platform 1 is at
  • the upward movement of the oil in the first chamber 111 causes the vehicle body chassis 5 to rise slowly and jack up the vehicle.
  • the oil located in the second chamber 112 of the bearing platform 1 passes through the return line through the three-way four-way.
  • the reversing valve 4 flows back into the oil tank 7 to form a complete circuit.
  • the oil pump 6 passes the oil in the oil tank 7 through the oil inlet line through the three-way four-way.
  • the reversing valve 4 is delivered into the second chamber 112 of the load-bearing table 1, at which time the pressure in the second chamber 112 of the load-bearing table 1 is increased.
  • the pressure in the first chamber 111 is correspondingly reduced, and the bearing platform 1 drives the vehicle body chassis 5 to slowly descend and drop the vehicle under the pushing of the oil in the second chamber 112. At the same time, the first chamber 111 of the bearing platform 1 is located.
  • the oil inside is returned to the oil tank 7 through the three-way four-way reversing valve 4 through the oil return line to form a complete circuit; after the wheel of the vehicle is grounded, the position of the bearing table 1 is unchanged, and the piston 2 and the piston rod 3 are in the second The chamber 112 moves upward by the oil pressure and is retracted into the chamber of the bearing platform 1.
  • the oil pump 6 delivers the oil in the oil tank 7 to the three-position four-way switching valve 4, and then to the two independent chambers 11 of the bearing platform 1 via the reversing action of the three-position four-way switching valve 4.
  • the oil pump 6 delivers the oil in the oil tank 7 to the three-position four-way switching valve 4, and then to the two independent chambers 11 of the bearing platform 1 via the reversing action of the three-position four-way switching valve 4.
  • the oil pump 6 delivers the oil in the oil tank 7 to the three-position four-way switching valve 4, and then to the two independent chambers 11 of the bearing platform 1 via the reversing action of the three-position four-way switching valve 4.
  • the first chamber 111 or the second chamber 112 so that the piston rod 3 located in the chamber 11 of the bearing platform 1 and the bearing platform 1 move relative to each other, so that the bearing platform 1 drives the chassis 5 and the vehicle to rise or decline.
  • the vehicle body jacking device can be applied to a vehicle with a heavy vehicle type, and has good versatility and Practical features.
  • an air pump can also be selected to realize that the driving piston 2 drives the piston rod 3 to expand and contract.
  • the same advantages of the oil pump 6 and the air pump will not be described herein.
  • the cylinder has the advantages of simple structure, easy installation and maintenance, and has large output force, strong adaptability, good working condition in high temperature or low temperature environment, and good dustproof and waterproof performance.
  • the vehicle body jacking device may further include a support plate 8.
  • the top end of the support plate 8 is provided with a hemispherical groove 81, and the top end of the free end of the piston rod 3 is hemispherical, and the piston rod 3 is The free end is hinged to the support plate 8 through a hemispherical groove 81.
  • the free end of the piston rod 3 is connected with a support plate 8, and the maintenance personnel or the vehicle owner activates the oil pump 6, and the oil pump 6 transports the oil in the oil tank 7 through the intake line via the three-position four-way selector valve 4 to the bearing.
  • the pressure in the first chamber 111 of the load-bearing table 1 is increased, the pressure in the second chamber 112 is correspondingly reduced, and the load-bearing table 1 is oiled in the first chamber 111.
  • Pushing the car body chassis 5 slowly rises and jacks up the vehicle.
  • the support plate 8 abuts against the ground.
  • the top end of the support plate 8 is provided with a hemispherical groove 81, and the free end of the piston rod 3 In a hemispherical shape, the free end of the piston rod 3 is connected to the support plate 8 through the hemispherical groove 81.
  • the support plate 8 can be rotated at a pivot point with the piston rod 3, and the rotating support plate 8 can Adjusting the angle between the free end of the piston rod 3, and then adapting to various road surfaces, ensuring stable support of the support plate 8 and the piston rod 3 to the vehicle, improving the utility and functionality of the vehicle body jacking device;
  • the support surface is a hemispherical groove 8
  • the hemispherical surface of 1 has a contact area much larger than the area of the planar contact surface, the contact area is increased, the support plate 8 has strong support stability to the piston rod 3, and the pressure per unit area of the support plate 8 is reduced, and the support plate 8 is reduced. The occurrence of fracturing and the like.
  • the bottom surface area of the support plate 8 may be larger than the bottom surface area of the piston rod 3.
  • the support plate 8 is supported in contact with the ground, the contact area of the support plate 8 with the ground is large, and the pressure per unit area is small, further reducing the occurrence of damage of the support plate 8 and increasing the piston rod 3
  • the contact area with the ground makes the whole body of the car body more stable when the vehicle body jacking device is raised, which ensures the safety when replacing the tire.
  • the support plate 8 may be a rectangular plate.
  • the shape of the rectangular plate is regular, and the processing is convenient; and the rectangular plate has strong stability when it is in contact with the ground, thereby further improving the stability of the vehicle body jacking device to the vehicle jacking.
  • the three-position four-way switching valve 4 may further include a spool chamber 41, a spool 42 slidably connected in the spool chamber 41, an elastic member fitted on both ends of the spool 42, and a driving spool 42.
  • the left solenoid 44 and the right solenoid 45 are moved.
  • the three-position four-way reversing valve 4 includes a valve core 42, wherein the three-position four-way reversing valve 4 is raised when the vehicle body jacking device is raised.
  • the left electromagnetic coil 44 is energized, the spool 42 moves in the direction of the left solenoid 44 along the spool cavity 41, and the spool 42 presses the elastic member located at the left end of the spool chamber 41, and the oil in the oil tank 7 passes through the action of the oil pump 6.
  • the oil inlet line flows into the first chamber 111 of the bearing platform 1 via the three-position four-way switching valve 4, and the oil in the second chamber 112 of the bearing platform 1 flows back through the return line through the three-way four-way switching valve 4.
  • the oil tank 7 a complete circuit is realized; when the vehicle body jacking device is lowered, the right electromagnetic coil 45 of the three-position four-way switching valve 4 is energized, and the valve core 42 is directed to the right electromagnetic coil 45 along the spool cavity 41.
  • valve core 42 presses the elastic member located at the right end of the spool chamber 41, and the oil in the oil tank 7 flows into the second chamber 112 of the bearing platform 1 through the oil inlet pipe through the three-way four-way switching valve 4 through the oil inlet pipe.
  • the oil in the first chamber 111 of the load-bearing table 1 flows back into the oil tank 7 through the three-way four-way switching valve 4 through the oil return line to realize a complete circuit.
  • the valve core 42 is located at the center of the spool cavity 41 under the action of the elastic members at both ends, and the three-position four-way switching valve 4 at this time
  • the oil in the oil tank 7 does not circulate, the design is ingenious, and the structure is simple, and the oil in which the oil flow in the oil passage of the vehicle body jacking device is different when the load-bearing platform 1 drives the chassis 5 of the vehicle body to rise and fall is realized.
  • the roads do not affect each other.
  • the three-position four-way switching valve 4 is sequentially provided with a first interface 48, an oil inlet 46, a second interface 49 and an oil outlet 47 along its length direction, first The interface 48, the oil inlet 46, the second interface 49 and the oil outlet 47 are all connected with the valve core chamber 41.
  • the three-way four-way switching valve 4 is further provided with a flow passage, one end of the flow passage and the valve core chamber 41.
  • the first interface 48 is in communication with the first port 48, and the other end is in communication with the first port 48, the second port 49 and the second chamber 112.
  • the first inlet and the second plug are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the connecting shaft, and the first plug and the first plug Both plugs are matched to the radial cross-sectional shape of the spool cavity 41.
  • the first plug and the second plug of the three-way four-way reversing valve 4 are matched with the spool chamber 41, and can be connected to the first port 48, the oil port 46, and the second on the spool chamber 41.
  • the interface 49 and the oil outlet 47 are blocked, and the diameter of the connecting shaft of the valve core is smaller than the inner diameter of the valve core chamber 41 (corresponding to the diameter of the first plug and the second plug), and the connecting shaft and the spool chamber 41 are left.
  • a gap between the connecting shaft between the first plug and the second plug and the spool cavity 41 is a first annular groove 411, and between the connecting shaft outside the second plug and the spool cavity 41 The gap is the second ring groove 412.
  • the valve core 42 moves under the action of the left electromagnetic coil 44 to reach the first communication state.
  • the first plug is sealed between the flow channel and the first interface 48
  • the second The plug is sealed between the oil inlet 46 and the second port 49.
  • the first port 48 can communicate with the oil inlet port 46 through the first ring groove 411.
  • the oil in the oil tank 7 passes through the oil inlet pipe through the oil feed pipe.
  • the oil inlet port 46 of the three-position four-way switching valve 4 flows in, and flows through the first ring groove 411 and the first port 48 in sequence and flows into the first chamber 111; meanwhile, the second ring groove 412 and the oil outlet port 47 pass through.
  • the second ring groove 412 is connected, and the oil in the second chamber 112 passes through the second port 49, the second ring groove 412 and the oil outlet port 47 of the three-position four-way switching valve 4 through the oil return pipe to flow back into the oil tank 7. Thereby, the lifting of the vehicle body jacking device is achieved.
  • the valve core 42 moves under the action of the right electromagnetic coil 45 to reach the second communication state.
  • the first plug is sealed between the first interface 48 and the oil inlet 46.
  • the second plug is sealed between the second port 49 and the oil outlet 47.
  • the second port 49 can communicate with the oil inlet port 46 through the first ring groove 411.
  • the oil in the oil tank 7 passes under the action of the oil pump 6.
  • the oil pipeline passes through the oil inlet 46 of the three-position four-way selector valve 4, the first annular groove 411, and flows into the second chamber 112 to achieve the lowering of the vehicle body jacking device; meanwhile, the oil outlet 47 passes through the second ring.
  • the slot 412 and the flow passage are in communication with the first interface 48.
  • the oil in the first chamber 111 passes through the oil return line through the first interface 48 of the three-position four-way switching valve 4, the flow passage, the first annular groove 412, and the oil discharge. Port 47 flows back into tank 7.
  • the valve core 42 when the valve core 42 is in the intermediate position, it is in an open state.
  • the first plug blocks the first interface 48
  • the second plug blocks the oil inlet 46 and the second.
  • the first ring groove 411 and/or the second ring groove 412 of the three-position four-way switching valve 4 are not connected to the oil inlet port 46, the oil outlet port 47, the first port 48, and the second port 49. .
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of three connected states of the three-position four-way reversing valve 4, which are sequentially from left to right in a first communication state, an off state, and a second communication state, wherein the spool 42 is located
  • the first interface 48 is in communication with the oil inlet port 46
  • the second port 49 is in communication with the oil outlet port 47
  • the spool 42 is in the neutral state when it is in the neutral position.
  • An interface 48, the oil inlet 46, the second interface 49 and the oil outlet 47 are in an open state; when the valve core 42 is on the right side, the second communication state, at this time, the first interface 48 and the oil outlet The 47 communication and second interface 49 are in communication with the oil inlet 46.
  • a check valve may be connected between the oil tank 7 and the three-position four-way switching valve 4, and a pressure gauge is connected to the check valve.
  • the check valve may be installed on the oil inlet pipe between the oil tank 7 and the oil inlet port 46, or may be installed on the oil return pipe between the oil tank 7 and the oil outlet port 47, and the check valve only allows the oil passage to be circulated individually.
  • the pressure gauge can monitor the oil pressure in the pipeline before and after the check valve in real time to reduce the oil pressure. High or low damage to the check valve.
  • an overflow valve is connected between the oil tank 7 and the three-position four-way switching valve 4, and is different from the connection point of the return pipe.
  • the relief valve automatically opens the spool 42 under the pressure generated in the pipeline, so that some oil in the pipeline does not enter the bearing.
  • the table 1 is returned to the oil tank 7, which ensures the safety of the vehicle body jacking device, and further improves the practicability and functionality of the vehicle body jacking device.
  • the relief valve of different pressure range values can be selected based on the time of the pipeline strength of the device.
  • the vehicle body jacking device further includes a filter core connected between the oil tank 7 and the oil pump 6.
  • the filter core can further filter the impurities in the pipeline to ensure the purity of the oil in the pipeline, thereby prolonging the service life of the vehicle body jacking device.
  • people need to periodically replace the filter core to ensure a good filtering effect.
  • the specific filter core is a metal mesh filter core
  • the metal filter core has the characteristics of high strength, wear resistance, repeated cleaning and use, and can change the material of the metal itself according to the actual use environment.
  • the elastic member is a spring 43.
  • the spring 43 is a mechanical part that works by elastic properties, and has a characteristic of being deformed by an external force and being restored to its original state after removing an external force. By utilizing this characteristic of the spring 43, the movement of the mechanism can be well controlled to achieve the resetting motion function of the mechanism.
  • both the left electromagnetic coil 44 and the right electromagnetic coil 45 are de-energized, the spool 42 is bounced back to the three-way four-way reversing valve 4 under the action of the spring 43 or the right end spring 43 of the left end of the spool chamber 41. s position.
  • the embodiment provides a lifting system including the above-described vehicle body jacking device.
  • the lifting system has the same advantages as the above-mentioned vehicle body jacking device, and details are not described herein again.
  • the vehicle body jacking device may be at least two, and the vehicle body jacking device is dispersedly fixed on the bottom surface of the vehicle body chassis 5.
  • a plurality of vehicle body jacking devices can support the vehicle at the same time.
  • a plurality of vehicle body jacking devices at different positions simultaneously support different positions of the vehicle body chassis 5, which can effectively improve the support stability;
  • a plurality of vehicle body jacking devices support each other to share the pressure, reduce the load received by the individual vehicle body jacking device when it is independently supported, and reduce the occurrence of damage due to excessive load.
  • the vehicle body jacking device may be four, wherein each of the two vehicle body jacking devices is a group, and the two vehicle body jacking devices are symmetrically disposed on the vehicle body chassis 5 on both sides of the vehicle body beam. .
  • the four car body jacking devices support the four corners of the vehicle body chassis 5, and the support stability and firmness are strong.
  • the lifting system may further include a signal controller and a signal receiver electrically connected to the signal controller.
  • the signal receiver is electrically connected to the oil pump 6 of the vehicle body jacking device and the three-position four-way switching valve 4.
  • the maintenance personnel or the vehicle owner sends a signal of raising or lowering to the signal generator through the signal controller, and the signal receiver commands the oil pump 6 to work with the three-position four-way switching valve 4 to switch to the corresponding signal.
  • the oil pump 6 transports the oil in the oil tank 7 to the inside of the first chamber 111 or the second chamber 112 of the bearing platform 1 through the three-way four-way switching valve 4 through the oil inlet line, thereby realizing the vehicle body jacking.
  • the device is raised or lowered, and the operation is simple and convenient to use.
  • the vehicle body jacking device, the lifting system and the lifting control method provided by the embodiment when the user needs to repair or replace the tire, only need to control the different communication states of the three-position four-way reversing valve to realize the jacking and landing of the vehicle.
  • Such operations simple operation, convenient use and time and effort, can improve the efficiency of vehicle tire repair and replacement.

Abstract

提供了一种车体顶起装置、升降系统及升降控制方法，涉及车辆制造维修技术领域，该车体顶起装置包括具有空腔结构的承重台(1)、将承重台(1)的空腔分隔成两个独立腔室(11)的活塞(2)、与活塞(2)固接的活塞杆(3)和为两个独立腔室(11)提供油液的油箱(7)，两个独立腔室(11)与油箱(7)之间连接有三位四通换向阀(4)，油箱(7)与三位四通换向阀(4)之间的进油管路上设有油泵(6)，油箱(7)和承重台(1)均固设在车体底盘(5)上。该顶起装置缓解了现有技术中更换轮胎不方便、繁琐且费时费力的技术问题。

Description

车体顶起装置、升降系统及升降控制方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2017年05月03日提交中国专利局的申请号为201710305336.2、名称为“车体顶起装置及升降系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及车辆制造维修的技术领域，尤其涉及一种车体顶起装置、升降系统及升降控制方法。
背景技术
随着经济的发展，人们生活水平的提高，目前汽车已经成为人们生活中必不可少的代步工具。轮胎是在各种车辆或机械上装配的圆环形弹性橡胶制品通常安装在金属轮辋上，具有能够支承车身，缓冲外界冲击，实现与路面的接触并保证车辆正常行驶的性能。轮胎作为汽车等机动工具的组成部件对车辆是否能够正常行驶起着重要的作用。现有技术中更换轮胎的方法主要通过车载千斤顶将汽车顶起，汽车维修人员或者车主进行轮胎的拆卸与更换。
现有技术中，车载千斤顶虽然能够将车辆顶起使得维修人员或者车主进行轮胎更换，但是，使用千斤顶时需要人们通过手动方式摇动摇杆以转动丝杠使得车辆抬起，操作繁琐，且对于一些车型较重的车辆，人们无法通过车载型千斤顶将车辆抬起进行轮胎更换，存在更换轮胎不方便、繁琐且费时费力的技术问题。
发明内容
本公开的目的包括，提供一种车体顶起装置、升降系统及升降控制方法，以缓解了现有技术中更换轮胎不方便、繁琐且费时费力的技术问题。
本公开提供的一种车体顶起装置，包括具有空腔结构的承重台、将所述承重台的空腔分隔成两个独立腔室的活塞、与所述活塞固接的活塞杆和为两个独立腔室提供油液的油箱，两个独立腔室与油箱之间连接有三位四通换向阀，所述油箱与所述三位四通换向阀之间的进油管路上设有油泵，所述油箱和所述承重台均固设在车体底盘上。
进一步的，所述活塞将所述承重台的空腔分隔为相对独立的第一腔室和第二腔室，所 述第一腔室、所述第二腔室分别与所述三位四通换向阀上的不同接口连通；所述第二腔室的侧壁上设有通孔，所述活塞杆的一端与所述活塞固接，另一端穿过所述通孔伸出所述承重台的外部。
进一步的，还包括支撑板，所述支撑板的顶端设有半球形槽，所述活塞杆自由端的顶端为半球状，所述活塞杆自由端通过所述半球形槽与所述支撑板铰接。
进一步的，所述支撑板的底面面积大于所述活塞杆的底面面积。
进一步的，所述支撑板为矩形板。
进一步的，所述三位四通换向阀包括阀芯腔、滑动连接在所述阀芯腔内的阀芯、套装在所述阀芯两端的弹性件和驱动所述阀芯移动的左电磁线圈与右电磁线圈。
进一步的，所述三位四通换向阀上沿其长度方向依次设有第一接口、进油口、第二接口和出油口，所述第一接口、所述进油口、所述第二接口和所述出油口均与所述阀芯腔连通，所述三位四通换向阀内还设有流道，所述流道的一端与所述阀芯腔上靠近所述第一接口的位置连通，另一端与所述阀芯腔上与所述出油口相对应的位置连通；所述第一接口与所述第一腔室连通，所述第二接口与所述第二腔室连通，所述进油口、所述出油口均与所述油箱连通；所述阀芯包括连接轴，所述连接轴上沿其长度方向依次设有第一堵头和第二堵头，所述第一堵头、所述第二堵头均与所述阀芯腔的径向截面形状相匹配。
进一步的，所述油箱与所述三位四通换向阀之间连接有逆止阀。
进一步的，所述逆止阀连接有压力表。
进一步的，所述油箱与所述三位四通换向阀之间连接有溢流阀。
进一步的，还包括连接在所述油箱与所述油泵之间的过滤芯。
进一步的，所述过滤芯为金属网过滤芯。
进一步的，所述弹性件为弹簧。
本公开还提供的一种升降控制方法，用于控制上述车体顶起装置的升降，其中，控制所述车体顶起装置顶起车辆的步骤如下：
S100控制所述三位四通换向阀的第一连通状态，所述油箱能够为所述承重台的空腔中位于上部的所述腔室供油；
S200打开所述油泵，所述油泵驱动所述油箱中的油进入所述承重台中位于上部的所述腔室内，同时，承重台中位于下部的所述腔室内的油经过所述三位四通换向阀会流入所述油箱内；所述活塞在两个所述腔室的油压作用下，带动所述活塞杆向下运动，直至所述活塞杆的底端与地面抵接；所述活塞和所述活塞杆的位置不变，所述承重台在两个所述腔室的油压作用下，带动车体底盘向上运动；
S300控制所述三位四通换向阀处于断开状态；
其中，控制所述车体顶起装置降落车辆的步骤如下：
S400控制所述三位四通换向阀的第二连通状态，所述油箱能够为所述承重台的空腔中位于下部的所述腔室供油；
S500打开所述油泵，所述油泵驱动所述油箱中的油进入所述承重台中位于下部的所述腔室内，同时，承重台中位于上部的所述腔室内的油经过所述三位四通换向阀会流入所述油箱内；所述承重台在两个所述腔室的油压作用下，带动车体底盘向下运动，直至所述车辆的车轮与地面抵接；所述车体底盘和所述承重台位置不变，所述活塞在两个所述腔室的油压作用下，带动所述活塞杆向上运动，直至所述活塞杆回复原位；
S600控制所述三位四通换向阀处于断开状态。
本公开车体顶起装置的有益效果包括：
该车体顶起装置的油泵能够通过三位四通换向阀的进油口将油箱内的油输送至承重台的两个独立腔室内，承重台固设在车体底盘上，油箱向不同的腔室内注油时，活塞杆与承重台之间发生相对运动，活塞杆与地面等抵接时，承重台可以带动车体底盘和车体顶起或下落。三位四通换向阀处于第一连通状态时，油箱为承重台上部的腔室供油，同时承重台下部的腔室中的油回流进入油箱内，形成回路，活塞杆与承重台之间发生相对远离的运动，实现活塞杆与地面抵接将车辆顶起；三位四通换向阀处于第二连通状态时，油箱为承重台下部的腔室供油，同时承重台上部的腔室中的油回流进入油箱内，形成一个与上述回路相反的回路，活塞杆与承重台之间发生相对靠近的运动，实现车辆降落及活塞杆的缩回，调节完成后，将三位四通换向阀调至断开状态。用户需要维修或更换轮胎时，只需控制三位四通换向阀的不同连通状态即可实现对车辆的顶起、降落等操作，操作简单、使用便捷且省时省力，可以大大提高车辆轮胎维修与更换的效率。
本公开提供的一种包括上述车体顶起装置的升降系统。
进一步的，所述车体顶起装置至少为两个，所述车体顶起装置分散固设于所述车体底盘的底面上。
进一步的，所述车体顶起装置为四个，其中，每两个所述车体顶起装置为一组，两组所述车体顶起装置对称设置于车体横梁两侧的所述车体底盘上。
进一步的，还包括信号控制器和与所述信号控制器电连接的信号接收器，所述信号接收器与所述车体顶起装置的油泵、三位四通换向阀电连接。
本公开升降系统的有益效果为：
该升降系统与上述车体顶起装置所具有的优势相同，在此不再赘述。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本公开的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本公开实施例提供的车体顶起装置与车体底盘位置连接的结构示意图；
图2为本公开实施例提供的车体顶起装置的立体结构示意图；
图3为图1中承重台的剖视图；
图4为图1中三位四通换向阀的剖视图；
图5为图1中三位四通换向阀的原理图。
图标：1-承重台；2-活塞；3-活塞杆；4-三位四通换向阀；5-车体底盘；6-油泵；7-油箱；8-支撑板；11-腔室；111-第一腔室；112-第二腔室；41-阀芯腔；42-阀芯；43-弹簧；44-左电磁线圈；45-右电磁线圈；46-进油口；47-出油口；48-第一接口；49-第二接口；411-第一环槽；412-第二环槽；81-半球形槽。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本公开的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
在本公开的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“上”、“下”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本公开的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本公开中的具体含义。
如图1和图2所示，本实施例提供一种车体顶起装置，具有空腔结构的承重台1、将承重台1的空腔分隔成两个独立腔室11的活塞2、与活塞2固接的活塞杆3和为两个独立 腔室11提供油液的油箱7，两个独立腔室11与油箱7之间连接有三位四通换向阀4，油箱7与三位四通换向阀4之间的进油管路上设有油泵6，油箱7和承重台1均固设在所述车体底盘5上。该车体顶起装置的油泵6能够通过三位四通换向阀4的进油口46将油箱7内的油输送至承重台1的两个独立腔室11内，承重台1固设在车体底盘5上，油箱7向不同的腔室11内注油时，活塞杆3与承重台1之间发生相对运动，活塞杆3与地面等抵接时，承重台1可以带动车体底盘5和车体顶起或下落。
本实施例还提供一种升降控制方法，用于控制上述车体顶起装置的升降，其中，控制车体顶起装置顶起车辆的步骤如下：S100控制三位四通换向阀4的第一连通状态，油箱7能够为承重台1的空腔中位于上部的腔室11供油；S200打开油泵6，油泵6驱动油箱7中的油进入承重台1中位于上部的腔室11内，同时，承重台1中位于下部的腔室11内的油经过三位四通换向阀4会流入油箱7内；活塞2在两个腔室11的油压作用下，带动活塞杆3向下运动，直至活塞杆3的底端与地面抵接；活塞2和活塞杆3的位置不变，承重台1在两个腔室11的油压作用下，带动车体底盘5向上运动；S300控制三位四通换向阀4处于断开状态；
其中，控制车体顶起装置降落车辆的步骤如下：S400控制三位四通换向阀4的第二连通状态，油箱7能够为承重台1的空腔中位于下部的腔室11供油；S500打开油泵6，油泵6驱动油箱7中的油进入承重台1中位于下部的腔室11内，同时，承重台1中位于上部的腔室11内的油经过三位四通换向阀4会流入油箱7内；承重台1在两个腔室11的油压作用下，带动车体底盘5向下运动，直至车辆的车轮与地面抵接；车体底盘5和承重台1位置不变，活塞2在两个腔室11的油压作用下，带动活塞杆3向上运动，直至活塞杆3回复原位；S600控制三位四通换向阀4处于断开状态。
三位四通换向阀4处于第一连通状态时，油箱7为承重台1上部的腔室11供油，同时承重台1下部的腔室11中的油回流进入油箱7内，形成回路，活塞杆3与承重台1之间发生相对远离的运动，实现活塞杆3与地面抵接将车辆顶起；三位四通换向阀4处于第二连通状态时，油箱7为承重台1下部的腔室11供油，同时承重台1上部的腔室11中的油回流进入油箱7内，形成一个与上述回路相反的回路，活塞杆3与承重台1之间发生相对靠近的运动，实现车辆降落及活塞杆3的缩回，调节完成后，将三位四通换向阀调至断开状态。用户需要维修或更换轮胎时，只需控制三位四通换向阀4的不同连通状态即可实现对车辆的顶起、降落等操作，操作简单、使用便捷且省时省力，可以大大提高车辆轮胎维修与更换的效率。
具体的，请参照图3，本实施例中，活塞2将承重台1的空腔分隔为相对独立的第一腔室111和第二腔室112，第一腔室111、第二腔室112分别与三位四通换向阀4上的不同 接口连通；第二腔室112的侧壁上设有通孔，活塞杆3的一端与活塞2固接，另一端穿过通孔伸出承重台1的外部。
车体顶起装置安装在车体底盘5上时，承重台1的第一腔室111位于上部、第二腔室112位于下部，活塞杆3可以与地面垂直设置。初始时，车辆轮胎落地，活塞杆3悬空缩回承重台1内，需要顶起车辆时，油箱7与三位四通换向阀4之间的进油管路上设有油泵6，油泵6开始工作，油泵6将油箱7内的油通过进油管路经由三位四通换向阀4输送至承重台1的第一腔室111内，此时，承重台1第一腔室111内的压力增加，第二腔室112内的压力相应减小，活塞杆3向下运动，直至活塞杆3的底端与地面抵接支撑；此时，活塞2和活塞杆3位置不动，承重台1在第一腔室111内油的推动下向上运动，带动车体底盘5缓慢升起并将车辆顶起，同时，位于承重台1第二腔室112内的油通过回油管路经由三位四通换向阀4流回油箱7内，形成一个完整的回路；降落汽车时，在三位四通换向阀4的作用下，油泵6将油箱7内的油通过进油管路经由三位四通换向阀4输送至承重台1的第二腔室112内，此时，承重台1第二腔室112内的压力增加，第一腔室111内的压力相应减小，承重台1在第二腔室112内油的推动下带动车体底盘5缓慢下降并将车辆落下，同时，位于承重台1第一腔室111内的油通过回油管路经由三位四通换向阀4流回油箱7内，形成一个完整的回路；车辆的车轮落地后，承重台1位置不变，活塞2和活塞杆3在第二腔室112油压的作用下向上运动，缩回承重台1的腔室内。
在本实施例中，油泵6将油箱7内的油输送至三位四通换向阀4，再经由三位四通换向阀4的换向作用输送至承重台1两个独立腔室11的第一腔室111或者第二腔室112内，从而使得位于承重台1腔室11内的活塞杆3与承重台1发生相对运动，实现承重台1带动车体底盘5和车辆升起或者下降。使用时，只需控制该车体顶起装置三位四通换向阀4的不同连通状态便能将车辆顶起进行轮胎维修与更换，操作简单，使用便捷，且省时省力，提高了车辆轮胎维修与更换的效率。
此外，由于通过油泵6控制活塞2带动活塞杆3来实现该车体顶起装置的活塞杆3的伸缩，使得该车体顶起装置能够适用于车型较重的车辆，具有良好的通用性和实用性的特点。
在本实施例中，还可以选用气泵以实现驱动活塞2带动活塞杆3伸缩，油泵6与气泵所具有的相同优势部分在此不再赘述。其中，气缸具有结构简单、易于安装维护的优点，且其输出力大、适应强，能够较好的在高温或者低温的环境下正常工作，同时，还具有较好的防尘、防水的性能。
如图2和图3所示，其中，该车体顶起装置还可以包括支撑板8，支撑板8的顶端设有半球形槽81，活塞杆3自由端的顶端为半球状，活塞杆3的自由端通过半球形槽81与 支撑板8铰接。
在本实施例中，活塞杆3的自由端连接有支撑板8，维修人员或者车主启动油泵6，油泵6将油箱7内的油通过进油管路经由三位四通换向阀4输送至承重台1的第一腔室111内，此时，承重台1第一腔室111内的压力增加，第二腔室112内的压力相应减小，承重台1在第一腔室111内油的推动下带动车体底盘5缓慢升起并将车辆顶起，车辆顶起的过程中，支撑板8与地面抵接支撑，支撑板8的顶端开设有半球形槽81，活塞杆3的自由端为半球状，活塞杆3的自由端通过半球形槽81与支撑板8连接，当地面凹凸不平时，支撑板8能够以与活塞杆3的铰接点为旋转点转动，转动的支撑板8能够调节与活塞杆3自由端之间的角度，进而适应各种路面，确保支撑板8和活塞杆3对车辆的稳定支撑，提高了该车体顶起装置的实用性与功能性；此外，支撑板8对支撑杆3进行支撑时，支撑面为半球形槽81的半球面，接触面积远大于平面接触面的面积，接触面积增大，支撑板8对活塞杆3的支撑稳定性强，且支撑板8单位面积受到的压力减小，减少支撑板8受压裂开等情况的发生。
本实施例中，如图1-图3所示，支撑板8的底面面积可以大于活塞杆3的底面面积。车辆顶起时，支撑板8与地面接触支撑，支撑板8与地面接触面积较大，单位面积受到的压力较小，进一步减小支撑板8受力损坏情况的发生，且能够增加活塞杆3与地面的接触面积，使得该车体顶起装置将车体升起时整个车体更加平稳，保障了更换轮胎时的安全性。
具体的，本实施例中，支撑板8可以为矩形板。矩形板的形状规则，加工便捷；且矩形板与地面接触时稳定性较强，进一步提高车体顶起装置对车辆顶起的稳定性。
其中，本实施例中，三位四通换向阀4还可以包括阀芯腔41、滑动连接在阀芯腔41内的阀芯42、套装在阀芯42两端的弹性件和驱动阀芯42移动的左电磁线圈44与右电磁线圈45。
如图4和图5所示，在本实施例中，该三位四通换向阀4包括阀芯42，其中，该车体顶起装置升起时，三位四通换向阀4的左电磁线圈44通电，阀芯42沿着阀芯腔41向左电磁线圈44的方向移动，阀芯42挤压位于阀芯腔41左端的弹性件，油箱7内的油在油泵6的作用通过进油管路经由三位四通换向阀4流入承重台1的第一腔室111内，承重台1第二腔室112内的油通过回油管路经由三位四通换向阀4流回油箱7内，实现一个完整的回路；该车体顶起装置下降时，三位四通换向阀4的右电磁线圈45通电，阀芯42沿着阀芯腔41向右电磁线圈45的方向移动，阀芯42挤压位于阀芯腔41右端的弹性件，油箱7内的油在油泵6的作用通过进油管路经由三位四通换向阀4流入承重台1的第二腔室112内，承重台1第一腔室111内的油通过回油管路经由三位四通换向阀4流回油箱7内，实现一个完整的回路。在左电磁线圈44与右电磁线圈45均不通电的情况下，阀芯42在两端弹性 件的共同作用下，位于阀芯腔41的中位，此时该三位四通换向阀4处于断开状态，油箱7内的油不流通，设计巧妙，结构简单，实现了承重台1带动车体底盘5的升起与下降时该车体顶起装置油路内的油流通不同的油路且彼此互不影响。
如图4所示，在本实施例中，三位四通换向阀4上沿其长度方向依次设有第一接口48、进油口46、第二接口49和出油口47，第一接口48、进油口46、第二接口49和出油口47均与阀芯腔41连通，三位四通换向阀4内还设有流道，流道的一端与阀芯腔41上靠近第一接口48的位置连通，另一端与阀芯腔41上与出油口47相对应的位置连通；第一接口48与第一腔室111连通，第二接口49与第二腔室112连通，进油口46、出油口47均与油箱7连通；阀芯42包括连接轴，连接轴上沿其长度方向依次设有第一堵头和第二堵头，第一堵头、第二堵头均与阀芯腔41的径向截面形状相匹配。三位四通换向阀4内阀芯42的第一堵头和第二堵头与阀芯腔41相匹配，能够对阀芯腔41上的第一接口48、进油口46、第二接口49和出油口47进行封堵，阀芯的连接轴直径小于阀芯腔41的内径(相应也小于第一堵头和第二堵头的直径)连接轴与阀芯腔41之间留有间隙，其中，第一堵头与第二堵头之间的连接轴与阀芯腔41之间的间隙为第一环槽411，第二堵头外侧的连接轴与阀芯腔41之间的间隙为第二环槽412。
需要顶起车辆或下降活塞杆时，阀芯42在左电磁线圈44的作用下移动到达第一连通状态，此时，第一堵头封堵于流道与第一接口48之间，第二堵头封堵于进油口46与第二接口49之间，第一接口48能够通过第一环槽411与进油口46连通，油箱7内油在油泵6的作用下通过进油管路经由三位四通换向阀4的进油口46流入，并依次流经第一环槽411和第一接口48后流入第一腔室111；同时，第二环槽412与出油口47通过第二环槽412连通，第二腔室112内的油依次经过三位四通换向阀4的第二接口49、第二环槽412和出油口47通过回油管路流回油箱7内，从而实现该车体顶起装置的升起。
需要降落车辆或升起活塞杆3时，阀芯42在右电磁线圈45的作用下移动到达第二连通状态，此时，第一堵头封堵于第一接口48与进油口46之间，第二堵头封堵于第二接口49与出油口47之间，第二接口49能够通过第一环槽411与进油口46连通，油箱7内油在油泵6的作用下通过进油管路经由三位四通换向阀4的进油口46、第一环槽411和流入第二腔室112以实现该车体顶起装置的降下；同时，出油口47通过第二环槽412、流道与第一接口48连通，第一腔室111内的油通过回油管路经由三位四通换向阀4的第一接口48、流道、第一环槽412和出油口47流回油箱7内。如图4所示，当该阀芯42位于中间位置时处于断开状态，此时，第一堵头对第一接口48进行封堵，第二堵头封堵于进油口46和第二接口49之间，三位四通换向阀4的第一环槽411和/或第二环槽412与进油口46、出油口47、第一接口48、第二接口49均不相通。
请参照图5，图5为三位四通换向阀4三个连通状态的原理图，自左向右依次为第一连通状态、断开状态和第二连通状态，其中，阀芯42位于左侧时为第一连通状态，此时，第一接口48与进油口46连通、第二接口49与出油口47连通；阀芯42位于中位时为断开状态，此时，第一接口48、进油口46、第二接口49和出油口47之间均处于断开状态；阀芯42位于右侧时为第二连通状态，此时，第一接口48与出油口47连通、第二接口49与进油口46连通。
本实施例中，可以在油箱7与三位四通换向阀4之间连接有逆止阀，逆止阀上连接有压力表。具体的，逆止阀可以安装在油箱7与进油口46之间的进油管上，也可以安装在油箱7与出油口47之间的回油管上，逆止阀仅允许油路单项流通，从而减少油在管路中回灌情况的发生，确保三位四通换向阀4的正常使用；压力表则可以对逆止阀前后管路中的油压进行实时监测，减少油压过高或过低对逆止阀造成的损坏。
其中，在本实施例中，油箱7与三位四通换向阀4之间连接有溢流阀，且与回流管道连接点不同。当承重台1内的压力达到了管路的极限强度值时，此时，溢流阀会在管路内产生压力的作用下自动开启阀芯42，使得管路内的部分油在没有进入承重台1内时便回流进油箱7，保障了该车体顶起装置的安全性，进一步提高了该车体顶起装置的实用性和功能性。
在本实施例中，可以该装置的管路强度的时间情况，选择不同压力范围值的溢流阀。
在本实施例中，该车体顶起装置还包括连接在油箱7与油泵6之间的过滤芯。过滤芯能够进一步将管路中内的杂质过滤掉，保障管路中油的纯度，进而延长该车体顶起装置的使用寿命。其中，针对该车体顶起装置的使用频率和使用时间，人们需要定期的更换过滤芯以保障良好的过滤效果。
在本实施例中，具体的过滤芯为金属网过滤芯，金属滤芯具有强度高，耐磨损，能够反复清洗使用的特点，而且能够根据实际的使用环境的不同改变金属本身的材质。
具体的，在本实施例中，弹性件为弹簧43。弹簧43是一种利用弹性性能来工作的机械零件，具有在外力作用下发生形变，除去外力后又恢复原状的特性。利用弹簧43的这种特性，能够很好的控制机构运动，以实现机构的复位运动功能。当左电磁线圈44与右电磁线圈45均断电时，阀芯42在阀芯腔41的左端的弹簧43或者右端弹簧43的作用下弹回至三位四通换向阀4管道口均关闭的位置。
本实施例提供的一种包括上述车体顶起装置的升降系统。
该升降系统与上述车体顶起装置所具有的优势相同，在此不再赘述。
本实施例中，车体顶起装置可以至少为两个，车体顶起装置分散固设于车体底盘5的底面上。车辆顶起时，多个车体顶起装置可以同时对车辆支撑，一方面，不同位置的多个 车体顶起装置同时对车体底盘5的不同位置进行支撑，可以有效提高支撑稳定性；另一方向，多个车体顶起装置互相辅助支撑，相互分担压力，减少单个车体顶起装置独立支撑时受到的负荷，减少其由于负荷过大损坏情况的发生。
具体的，车体顶起装置可以为四个，其中，每两个车体顶起装置为一组，两组车体顶起装置对称设置于车体横梁两侧的所述车体底盘5上。四个车体顶起装置对车体底盘5的四个角进行支撑，支撑稳定性和牢固性均较强。
其中，该升降系统还可以包括信号控制器和与信号控制器电连接的信号接收器，信号接收器与车体顶起装置的油泵6、三位四通换向阀4电连接。
在本实施例中，维修人员或者车主通过信号控制器向信号发生器发送升起或者下降的信号，信号接收器接收到相应的信号后命令油泵6工作与三位四通换向阀4切换到不同状态，油泵6将油箱7内的油通过进油管路经由三位四通换向阀4输送到承重台1的第一腔室111内或者第二腔室112内，进而实现车体顶起装置的升起或者下降，操作简单，使用便捷。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本公开的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本公开进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本公开各实施例技术方案的范围。
工业实用性
本实施例提供的车体顶起装置、升降系统及升降控制方法，用户需要维修或更换轮胎时，只需控制三位四通换向阀的不同连通状态即可实现对车辆的顶起、降落等操作，操作简单、使用便捷且省时省力，可以提高车辆轮胎维修与更换的效率。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种车体顶起装置，其特征在于，具有空腔结构的承重台(1)、将所述承重台(1)的空腔分隔成两个独立腔室(11)的活塞(2)、与所述活塞(2)固接的活塞杆(3)和为两个独立腔室(11)提供油液的油箱(7)，两个独立腔室(11)与油箱(7)之间连接有三位四通换向阀(4)，所述油箱(7)与所述三位四通换向阀(4)之间的进油管路上设有油泵(6)，所述油箱(7)和所述承重台(1)均固设在车体底盘(5)上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的车体顶起装置，其特征在于，所述活塞(2)将所述承重台(1)的空腔分隔为相对独立的第一腔室(111)和第二腔室(112)，所述第一腔室(111)、所述第二腔室(112)分别与所述三位四通换向阀(4)上的不同接口连通；
    所述第二腔室(112)的侧壁上设有通孔，所述活塞杆(3)的一端与所述活塞(2)固接，另一端穿过所述通孔伸出所述承重台(1)的外部。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的车体顶起装置，其特征在于，还包括支撑板(8)，所述支撑板(8)的顶端设有半球形槽(81)，所述活塞杆(3)自由端的顶端为半球状，所述活塞杆(3)的自由端通过所述半球形槽(81)与所述支撑板(8)铰接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的车体顶起装置，其特征在于，所述支撑板(8)的底面面积大于所述活塞杆(3)的底面面积。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的车体顶起装置，其特征在于，所述支撑板(8)为矩形板。
  6. 根据权利要求2-5中任一项所述的车体顶起装置，其特征在于，所述三位四通换向阀(4)包括阀芯腔(41)、滑动连接在所述阀芯腔(41)内的阀芯(42)、套装在所述阀芯(42)两端的弹性件和驱动所述阀芯(42)移动的左电磁线圈(44)与右电磁线圈(45)。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的车体顶起装置,其特征在于，所述三位四通换向阀(4)上沿其长度方向依次设有第一接口(48)、进油口(46)、第二接口(49)和出油口(47)，所述第一接口(48)、所述进油口(46)、所述第二接口(49)和所述出油口(47)均与所述阀芯腔(41)连通，所述三位四通换向阀(4)内还设有流道，所述流道的一端与所述阀芯腔(41)上靠近所述第一接口(48)的位置连通，另一端与所述阀芯腔(41)上与所述出油口(47)相对应的位置连通；所述第一接口(48)与所述第一腔室(111)连通，所述第二接口(49)与所述第二腔室(112)连通，所述进油口(46)、所述出油口(47)均与所述油箱(7)连通；
    所述阀芯(42)包括连接轴，所述连接轴上沿其长度方向依次设有第一堵头和第二堵头，所述第一堵头、所述第二堵头均与所述阀芯腔(41)的径向截面形状相匹配。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的车体顶起装置,其特征在于，所述油箱(7)与 所述三位四通换向阀(4)之间连接有逆止阀。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的车体顶起装置,其特征在于，所述逆止阀连接有压力表。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的车体顶起装置,其特征在于，所述油箱(7)与所述三位四通换向阀(4)之间连接有溢流阀。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的车体顶起装置,其特征在于，还包括连接在所述油箱(7)与所述油泵(6)之间的过滤芯。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的车体顶起装置,其特征在于，所述过滤芯为金属网过滤芯。
  13. 根据权利要求6或7所述的车体顶起装置,其特征在于，所述弹性件为弹簧(43)。
  14. 一种升降系统，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-13中任一项所述的车体顶起装置。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的升降系统,其特征在于，所述车体顶起装置至少为两个，所述车体顶起装置分散固设于所述车体底盘(5)的底面上。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的升降系统,其特征在于，所述车体顶起装置为四个，其中，每两个所述车体顶起装置为一组，两组所述车体顶起装置对称设置于车体横梁两侧的所述车体底盘(5)上。
  17. 根据权利要求14-16中任一项所述的升降系统,其特征在于，还包括信号控制器和与所述信号控制器电连接的信号接收器，所述信号接收器与所述车体顶起装置的油泵(6)、三位四通换向阀(4)电连接。
  18. 一种升降控制方法，其特征在于，用于控制权利要求1-13中任一项所述的车体顶起装置的升降，其中，控制所述车体顶起装置顶起车辆的步骤如下：
    S100控制所述三位四通换向阀(4)的第一连通状态，所述油箱(7)能够为所述承重台(1)的空腔中位于上部的所述腔室(11)供油；
    S200打开所述油泵(6)，所述油泵(6)驱动所述油箱(7)中的油进入所述承重台(1)中位于上部的所述腔室(11)内，同时，承重台(1)中位于下部的所述腔室(11)内的油经过所述三位四通换向阀(4)会流入所述油箱(7)内；所述活塞(2)在两个所述腔室(11)的油压作用下，带动所述活塞杆(3)向下运动，直至所述活塞杆(3)的底端与地面抵接；所述活塞(2)和所述活塞杆(3)的位置不变，所述承重台(1)在两个所述腔室(11)的油压作用下，带动所述车体底盘(5)向上运动；
    S300控制所述三位四通换向阀(4)处于断开状态；
    其中，控制所述车体顶起装置降落车辆的步骤如下：
    S400控制所述三位四通换向阀(4)的第二连通状态，所述油箱(7)能够为所述承重台(1)的空腔中位于下部的所述腔室(11)供油；
    S500打开所述油泵(6)，所述油泵(6)驱动所述油箱(7)中的油进入所述承重台(1) 中位于下部的所述腔室(11)内，同时，承重台(1)中位于上部的所述腔室(11)内的油经过所述三位四通换向阀(4)会流入所述油箱(7)内；所述承重台(1)在两个所述腔室(11)的油压作用下，带动车体底盘(5)向下运动，直至所述车辆的车轮与地面抵接；所述车体底盘(5)和所述承重台(1)位置不变，所述活塞(2)在两个所述腔室(11)的油压作用下，带动所述活塞杆(3)向上运动，直至所述活塞杆(3)回复原位；
    S600控制所述三位四通换向阀(4)处于断开状态。
PCT/CN2018/085124 2017-05-03 2018-04-28 车体顶起装置、升降系统及升降控制方法 WO2018202013A1 (zh)

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