WO2018194014A1 - 焼結鉱の製造方法 - Google Patents
焼結鉱の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018194014A1 WO2018194014A1 PCT/JP2018/015667 JP2018015667W WO2018194014A1 WO 2018194014 A1 WO2018194014 A1 WO 2018194014A1 JP 2018015667 W JP2018015667 W JP 2018015667W WO 2018194014 A1 WO2018194014 A1 WO 2018194014A1
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- sintered
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
- C22B1/18—Sintering; Agglomerating in sinter pots
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a sintered ore in which a granulated sintered raw material is sintered by a sintering machine to produce a sintered ore.
- Sintered ore is a combination of several grades of fine iron ore and a mixture of auxiliary materials such as limestone, silica, and serpentine, miscellaneous raw materials such as dust, scale, and ore, and agglomerates such as coke breeze. It is manufactured by adding moisture to the kneading raw material, mixing and granulating, and sintering the obtained granulated raw material with a sintering machine. Sintered raw materials are aggregated with each other at the time of granulation due to moisture and become pseudo particles. This pseudo-granulated granulation raw material helps to ensure good air permeability of the charging layer charged in the pallet of the sintering machine, and by using the pseudo-granulated granulation raw material, The ligation reaction can proceed smoothly.
- auxiliary materials such as limestone, silica, and serpentine
- miscellaneous raw materials such as dust, scale, and ore
- agglomerates such as coke breeze. It is manufactured by adding moisture to the knea
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the yield distribution of sintered ore.
- FIG. 1A shows a heat pattern of the upper layer portion, the middle layer portion, and the lower layer portion of the charging layer
- FIG. 1B is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the yield distribution of the sintered cake.
- the numerical value in the square frame in FIG.1 (b) shows the yield of each layer of a sintered cake.
- the temperature of the upper part of the charging layer is less likely to rise than that of the lower part of the charging layer, and the high temperature region holding time exceeding 1200 ° C. is also shortened.
- the high temperature holding time is shortened, the combustion melting reaction (sintering reaction) becomes insufficient, and the strength of the sintered cake is lowered. Due to the strength reduction of the sintered cake, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), the yield of the sintered ore in the upper part of the charging layer is lowered, which causes the productivity of the sintered ore to decrease. Yes.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that the sintered ore in the upper layer of the charge layer is used by using a gaseous fuel having a combustion rate faster than that of coke. It is disclosed that the yield can be improved. According to Patent Document 1, since the temperature of the charging layer upper layer can be increased in a short time by using the gaseous fuel, the charging layer upper layer in which the cold strength of the sintered ore is likely to be lowered due to insufficient heat. In addition to the portion, the strength of the sintered ore is increased in a wide portion including the middle layer portion of the charging layer, and the yield of the sintered ore is improved.
- Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for charging carbon material into the upper pallet using a device capable of charging powder coke into the upper pallet. According to Non-Patent Document 1, it is disclosed that the maximum temperature of the upper part of the charging layer can be increased and the high temperature holding time of the upper part can be extended by charging 0.2% of the carbonaceous material into the upper part of the pallet. Has been.
- Patent Document 1 In order to implement the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to prepare gaseous fuel in addition to the agglomerated material, and further to install gaseous fuel in the upper part of the sintering machine. For this reason, since additional capital investment is required and the cost of gaseous fuel is also generated, the manufacturing cost of sintered ore increases. In order to implement the technique disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1, an apparatus for charging the carbon material into the upper layer of the pallet is required, so that additional capital investment is required.
- the present invention has been made in view of such problems of the prior art, and the object of the present invention is the ratio of the condensing material charged into the upper layer of the charging layer without introducing new equipment. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a sintered ore that can increase the high temperature holding time of the upper layer portion of the charging layer and improve the yield of the sintered ore of the upper layer portion of the charging layer.
- the iron-containing raw material containing fine iron ore having a particle size of 10 ⁇ m or less and the powder coke having a particle size of 1 mm or less are contained in an amount of 50% by mass or more, and the range of 3% by mass to 7% by mass with respect to the mass of the sintered raw material.
- a method for producing a sintered ore wherein the granulation is mixed and granulated in a granulation period of 50 to 95% when the total granulation period of the raw material is 0 to 100%.
- the particle size of the sintered raw material after granulation is measured, and the particle size is determined in advance.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the yield distribution of sintered ore.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a sintered ore production apparatus that can implement the method for producing a sintered ore according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a model used in the discrete element method (DEM).
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state of charging into a pallet simulated using the discrete element method (DEM).
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the result of calculating the pseudo particle size of each layer of the pallet and the ratio of the aggregate present in each layer from the result of simulation using the discrete element method (DEM).
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the results of a charging experiment on a pallet of a sintering machine.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the harmonic average particle size of the pseudo particles granulated by the granulation test and the JPU of the charging layer formed by the pseudo particles.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a sintered ore production apparatus 10 that can implement the method for producing sintered ore according to the present embodiment.
- a predetermined amount of the CaO-containing raw material 18 containing the limestone and quicklime stored in the storage tank 16 and the iron-containing raw material 14 stored in the storage tank 12 is cut into the mixed raw material 22.
- the iron-containing raw material 14 used in the present embodiment is a fine iron ore having a particle size of 10 ⁇ m or less, iron ores of various brands, dust generated in a steel mill, and a particle size of 5 mm or less that has been sieved in a sintered ore manufacturing process. Including reclaiming.
- the iron-containing raw material 14 contains fine iron ore having a particle size of 10 ⁇ m or less in an amount of 5% by mass or more with respect to the mass of the sintered raw material.
- the content of fine iron ore having a particle size of 10 ⁇ m or less can be measured using a laser diffraction / scattering particle size analyzer.
- an MgO-containing raw material containing dolomite, refined nickel slag, or the like as an optional blending raw material may be mixed into the mixed raw material 22.
- the mixed raw material 22 is transported to the high-speed stirring device 24 by the transporter 20.
- the high-speed stirring device 24 includes a stirring blade 26 that rotates at a high speed and a container 28 that rotates in an inclined state.
- the mixed raw material 22 conveyed to the high-speed stirring device 24 is charged into the container 28 and stirred by the rotation of the container 28 and the rotation of the stirring blade 26.
- the container 28 may rotate without inclining, and even if it is not inclined, the same stirring effect is obtained. can get.
- the mixed raw material 22 stirred by the high speed stirring device 24 is transported to the drum mixer 34 by the transporter 30.
- the mixed raw material 22 conveyed to the drum mixer 34 is put into the drum mixer 34, and an appropriate amount of water 32 is added and granulated.
- the coagulant 36 is mixed and granulated in the latter half of the granulation period.
- the latter half of the granulation period is a granulation period of 50 to 95% which is the latter half of the granulation period when the total granulation period is 0 to 100%. More preferably, the coagulant 36 is mixed during a period of 70 to 95% when the total granulation period is 0 to 100%.
- the sintering raw material moves toward the discharge port of the drum mixer 34 as the granulation time elapses. Therefore, the position of the sintering raw material in the drum mixer 34 where the granulation period is 50 to 95% may be specified, and the coagulant 36 may be mixed at the specified position.
- the position from the inlet to the outlet of the drum mixer 34 is 50 to 95% when the length is 0 to 100%.
- the coagulant 36 may be mixed.
- grains 38 by which the condensing material 36 was armored outside can be granulated.
- the granulation by the drum mixer 34 is performed for 300 to 400 seconds, for example.
- the raw material of the pseudo particles 38 in which the condensing material 36 is externally packaged is defined as a sintering raw material.
- the drum mixer 34 is an example of a granulating apparatus that granulates the pseudo particles 38.
- the drum mixer 34 and a pan-type pelletizer may be used in combination.
- the drum mixer 34 granulates 50 to 95% of the total granulation time, and the bread granulator for the remaining 5 to 50% of the granulation period.
- the agglomerated material 36 may be added at the time of granulation and granulation with a bread type pelletizer.
- the pseudo particles 38 are transported to the sintering machine 50 by the transporting machine 40 and charged into the pallet of the sintering machine 50.
- a charged layer is formed by the pseudo particles 38 charged in the pallet, and the charged layer is sintered by the sintering machine 50, crushed, cooled, and sieved to produce a sintered ore.
- the sintering machine 50 used in the present embodiment is, for example, a dwelloid type sintering machine.
- the coagulant 36 containing 50% by mass or more of powder coke having a particle size of 1 mm or less is in the range of 3% by mass to 7% by mass with respect to the mass of the sintered raw material. Mix in. Thereby, the ratio of the condensing material 36 charged in the pallet upper layer part of the sintering machine 50 can be increased, and the yield of sintered ore and the strength of the sintered ore in the upper charge layer part can be improved.
- the content of powder coke with a particle size of 1 mm or less with respect to the total coagulated material was measured using a sieve with a 1 mm opening in accordance with JIS (Japanese Industrial Standards) Z 8801-1, and the mass under the sieve was measured. The measured value was calculated by dividing by the mass of all the aggregates.
- the content of the powder coke having a particle size of 1 mm or less is preferably 50% by mass to 75% by mass, and more preferably 65% by mass to 75% by mass.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a model used in the discrete element method (DEM).
- FIG. 3A shows a model 60 for calculating a force acting on individual particles
- FIG. 3B shows models 62 and 64 for calculating a force acting between particles.
- the force acting between the particles was divided into vertical and translational components, the vertical component was calculated with the model 62, and the translational component was calculated with the model 64.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state of charging into a pallet simulated using the discrete element method (DEM).
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the result of calculating the pseudo particle size of each layer of the pallet and the ratio of the aggregate present in each layer from the result of simulation using the discrete element method (DEM).
- 5 (a) is a graph showing the average particle size of the pseudo particles in each of the upper layer portion, middle layer portion, and lower layer portion of the pallet with respect to the average particle size of the entire pseudo particles
- FIG. 5 (b) shows the upper layer of the pallet. It is a graph which shows the ratio of the coagulation
- the upper layer portion is a position where the layer thickness ratio (layer thickness / total layer thickness) of the pallet is 0.17
- the middle layer portion is the layer thickness ratio (layer thickness). / Total layer thickness) is 0.50
- the lower layer is a position where the layer thickness ratio (layer thickness / total layer thickness) is 0.83.
- the average particle diameter of the pseudo particles in this embodiment is a harmonic arithmetic average diameter, and is 1 / ( ⁇ Vi ⁇ di) (where Vi is the abundance ratio of particles in the i-th particle size range, and di is i It is a particle size defined by (representative particle size in the second particle size range).
- the inventors can increase the proportion of the condensing material 36 charged in the upper layer of the pallet by reducing the particle size of the condensing material 36 from the result of the simulation using the discrete element method (DEM).
- DEM discrete element method
- Pseudo particles obtained by granulating each coagulant on the raw material were used.
- the pseudo particles are charged into the pallet of the sintering machine 50, and the average particle size of the pseudo particles at positions where the layer thickness ratio of the pseudo particles charged into the pallet is 0.17, 0.50, 0.83, The ratio of the coagulant contained in the pseudo particles was measured.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the results of a charging experiment into a pallet of a sintering machine.
- FIG. 6A is a graph showing the average particle size of the pseudo particles at each position of the pallet
- FIG. 6B is a graph showing the ratio of the aggregates at each position of the pallet.
- “-1 mm ratio” means the content of powder coke having a particle size of 1 mm or less with respect to the total powder coke.
- the horizontal axis represents the calculated average particle diameter (mm) of the pseudo particles
- the vertical axis represents the layer thickness ratio ( ⁇ ) of the sintering machine pallet.
- ⁇ the layer thickness ratio
- a large number of pseudo particles having a small average particle diameter were charged in the upper layer portion of the pallet having a large layer thickness ratio, and a large number of pseudo particles having a small arithmetic average particle size were charged in the lower layer portion of the pallet having a small layer thickness ratio.
- the horizontal axis represents the ratio ( ⁇ ) of the coagulant
- the vertical axis represents the layer thickness ratio ( ⁇ ) of the sintering machine pallet.
- the ratio of the aggregate is a value calculated by [the ratio of the aggregate in each layer thickness (mass%)] / [the ratio of the aggregate (mass%)].
- the ratio of the coagulant decreased in the upper layer part of the pallet and increased in the lower layer part of the pallet.
- the ratio of the aggregate in the upper part of the pallet increased and the ratio of the aggregate in the lower part decreased.
- the ratio of the coagulant was almost the same between the upper layer portion and the lower layer portion of the pallet.
- a coagulant containing 55% by mass of powder coke having a particle size of 1 mm or less and 50% by mass or more with respect to the mass of the coagulated material a particle size of 1 mm or less.
- the amount of the coagulant charged in the upper layer of the pallet of the sintering machine 50 can be increased as compared with the case of using the coagulant containing 30% by mass of the powder coke of less than 50% by mass with respect to the mass of the coagulant. It was confirmed.
- the iron containing raw material 14 is made to contain 5 mass% or more of fine iron ores with a particle size of 10 micrometers or less with respect to the mass of a sintered raw material.
- the fine iron ore having a particle size of 10 ⁇ m or less fills the space between the raw material particles formed by granulating the raw material having a large particle size, and improves the strength of the granulated product.
- the granulation property of the mixed raw material 22 can be improved by containing 5 mass% or more of fine iron ores having a particle diameter of 10 ⁇ m or less with respect to the mass of the sintered raw material.
- fine iron ore having a particle size of 10 ⁇ m or less has a large specific surface area and retains a large amount of moisture, and therefore easily aggregates into aggregated particles in the conveying process.
- fine iron ore having a particle size of 10 ⁇ m or less is agglomerated, the space between the raw material particles described above cannot be filled, and the granulation property of the mixed raw material 22 cannot be improved.
- the mixed raw material 22 is stirred using the high-speed stirring device 24.
- the high-speed stirrer 24 aims at crushing the pulverized iron ore having a particle diameter of 10 ⁇ m or less that has been agglomerated, so that at least the iron-containing raw material 14 may be stirred.
- the high-speed agitator 24 is configured to mix the mixed raw material 22 under stirring conditions in which the peripheral speed of the stirring blade 26 is 8 to 12 m / sec, the rotation speed of the container 28 is 0.5 to 2.0 m / sec, and the processing time is 60 to 120 sec. It is preferable to stir, and it is more preferable to stir the mixed raw material 22 under stirring conditions in which the peripheral speed of the stirring blade 26 is 9 m / sec, the rotation speed of the container 28 is 1.0 m / sec, and the treatment time is 90 sec.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the harmonic average particle size of the pseudo particles granulated by the granulation test and the JPU of the charging layer formed by the pseudo particles.
- JPU is an air permeability index JPU measured by sucking the atmosphere downward while cold in a charging layer formed by charging pseudo particles into a pallet.
- the air permeability index JPU was calculated using the following formula (1).
- V is the air volume (Nm 3 / min)
- S is the sectional area (m 2 ) of the charging layer
- h is the charging layer height (mm)
- ⁇ P is Pressure loss (mmH 2 O).
- a harmonic mean diameter When evaluating air permeability, it is preferable to use a harmonic mean diameter.
- the Elgan equation represented by the following equation (2) is used to predict the pressure loss of the charging layer, and the harmonic mean diameter is used in this equation. Since the pressure loss predicted by this equation indicates the air permeability of the charging layer, the harmonic average diameter related to the air permeability was used in the evaluation of the particle size of the pseudo particles of this embodiment.
- ⁇ P / L is the pressure loss per meter (Pa / m)
- ⁇ is the porosity ( ⁇ )
- u is the flow velocity (m / s)
- ⁇ is the gas viscosity ( Pa ⁇ s)
- Dp is the harmonic mean diameter (m)
- ⁇ is the gas density (kg / m 3 ).
- the column “sintered raw material” indicates the mixing ratio of the iron-containing raw material containing 8% by mass of fine iron ore having a particle size of 10 ⁇ m or less and the coagulant.
- “Premix” in the column “Coagulation material mixing” indicates that the coagulation material has been mixed before granulating with the drum mixer 34
- “Post-mixing” indicates that the pseudo-particles are granulated with the drum mixer 34. It shows that the coagulant was mixed in the latter half of the granulation period, and the coagulant was sheathed. The latter half of the granulation period in this test is a granulation period that is 50 to 95% when the total granulation period is 0 to 100%.
- “None” described in the column of “Agitating treatment” indicates that the high-speed stirring device 24 is not stirring, and “Yes” indicates that the high-speed stirring device 24 is stirring.
- the numerical value described in the column of “ ⁇ 1 mm powder coke” indicates the content of the powder coke having a particle size of 1 mm or less with respect to the mass of the aggregate.
- the numerical value described in the column “JPU” is the value of the air permeability index JPU calculated by the above equation (1).
- Comparative Example 1 is a granulation test example using a coagulant with a content of powdered coke having a particle diameter of 1 mm or less of 40% by mass.
- the coagulant used in Comparative Example 1 has a small content of powder coke with a particle size of 1 mm or less that deteriorates the granulation property, so the harmonic average particle size of the pseudo particles is 2.22 mm, and the air permeability index JPU is also large.
- a coagulant with a content of powdered coke having a particle size of 1 mm or less is 40% by mass, the amount of the coagulant in the upper charge layer cannot be increased. You cannot improve your stay.
- Comparative Example 2 is a granulation test example using a coagulant with a content of powdered coke having a particle size of 1 mm or less of 65% by mass.
- the coagulant used in Comparative Example 2 has a content of powdered coke having a particle diameter of 1 mm or less that deteriorates the granulation property, as compared with Comparative Example 1.
- the harmonic average particle size of the pseudo particles of Comparative Example 2 was 1.73 mm, which was smaller than the harmonic average particle size of the pseudo particles of Comparative Example 1.
- Comparative Example 3 is a granulation test example in which a coagulant was mixed in the latter half of the granulation period using a coagulant with a content of powdered coke having a particle size of 1 mm or less of 65% by mass.
- the harmonic average particle size of the pseudo particles of Comparative Example 3 is 1.92 mm, It was larger than the harmonic average particle size of the pseudo particles of Comparative Example 2.
- the difference between Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 3 is whether or not the coagulant was mixed in the latter half of the granulation period.
- the harmonic average particle size of the pseudo particles of Comparative Example 3 is larger than the harmonic average particle size of the pseudo particles of Comparative Example 2 by mixing the coagulant in the latter half of the granulation period. Since the harmonic average particle size of the pseudo particles of Comparative Example 3 is increased, the air permeability index JPU of Comparative Example 3 is larger than that of Comparative Example 2, and the air permeability of the charging layer of Comparative Example 3 is improved over that of Comparative Example 2. did.
- Comparative Example 4 is a granulation test example using a coagulated material in which the content of powdered coke having a particle size of 1 mm or less is 65% by mass and an iron-containing raw material stirred with the high-speed stirring device 24.
- the harmonic average particle size of the pseudo particles of Comparative Example 4 is 2.10 mm, It was larger than the harmonic average particle size of the pseudo particles of Comparative Example 2.
- the difference between Comparative Example 4 and Comparative Example 2 is whether or not the iron-containing raw material was stirred with the high-speed stirring device 24.
- the iron-containing raw material is stirred with the high-speed stirring device 24, and the pulverized iron ore having a particle size of 10 ⁇ m or less is agglomerated, whereby the harmonic average particle size of the pseudo particles of Comparative Example 4 is greater than that of Comparative Example 2. It seems that it has grown. Since the harmonic average particle size of the pseudo particles of Comparative Example 4 is increased, the air permeability index JPU of Comparative Example 4 is greater than that of Comparative Example 2, and the air permeability of the charging layer of Comparative Example 4 is improved over that of Comparative Example 2. did.
- Invention Example 1 uses a coagulant with a content of powdered coke having a particle size of 1 mm or less of 65% by mass and an iron-containing raw material stirred with a high-speed agitator 24, and mixes the coagulant in the latter half of the granulation period. It is an example of a granulation test. In Invention Example 1, the coagulant was mixed in the latter half of the granulation period, and the agglomerated particles of iron ore having a particle size of 10 ⁇ m or less were crushed. It was 65 mm, which was larger than the harmonic average particle size of the pseudo particles of Comparative Examples 1 to 4.
- the harmonic average particle size of the pseudo particles can be increased by stirring the iron-containing raw material containing 5% by mass or more of fine iron ore having a particle size of 10 ⁇ m or less with the high-speed stirring device 24, It was confirmed that the air permeability could be improved. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the harmonic average particle size of the pseudo particles can be increased by mixing the coagulant 36 in the latter half of the granulation period, and the air permeability of the charging layer can be improved. And by using these, the harmonic mean particle size of the pseudo particles can be made larger than that of Comparative Example 1 in which the content of the powder coke having a particle size of 1 mm or less is 40% by mass, and the air permeability of the charging layer is also improved. It was confirmed that it could be improved.
- the ratio of the coagulant charged in the upper pallet of the sintering machine 50 is increased by using the coagulant containing 50% by mass or more of powder coke having a particle size of 1 mm or less. Furthermore, using an iron-containing raw material containing 5% by mass or more of fine iron ore having a particle size of 10 ⁇ m or less, stirring the iron-containing raw material with the high-speed stirring device 24, and mixing the coagulant in the latter half of the granulation period.
- the decrease in granulation property due to the use of a coagulant containing 50% by mass or more of powder coke having a particle size of 1 mm or less is eliminated.
- the ratio of the condensed material charged into the upper layer of the pallet can be increased without introducing new equipment, thereby extending the high temperature holding time of the upper layer of the charged layer, The yield of sintered ore in the upper layer can be improved.
- the whole of the condensing material 36 is mixed in the latter half of the granulation period, but is not limited thereto.
- the coagulant mixed in the latter half of the granulation period may be a part of the coagulant mixed with the sintered raw material.
- the coagulant mixed in the latter half of the granulation period is preferably 50% by mass or more based on the mass of the coagulant mixed with the sintered raw material.
- the pseudo particle diameter after granulation is measured, and when the pseudo particle diameter is lower than a predetermined threshold, the particle diameter is In order to increase the pseudo particle size granulated after the measurement, increase the amount of coagulation material mixed in the second half of the granulation period from the production of sintered ore after the pseudo particle size falls below the threshold value May be.
- the harmonic average particle size of the pseudo particles increases.
- the decrease in the pseudo particle diameter decreases the air permeability of the charging layer.
- a decrease in the air permeability of the charging layer leads to an extension of the sintering time and decreases the sinter production rate. For this reason, a threshold value of the pseudo particle diameter that can maintain the target sinter production rate is set in advance, and when the particle diameter is lower than the threshold value, the amount of the coagulant mixed in the latter half of the granulation period is increased. Increase the pseudo particle size. Thereby, the target sinter production rate can be maintained.
- Condensed material exterior ratio indicates the ratio of the agglomerated material mixed in the latter half of the granulation period.
- a ratio of the aggregate material exterior ratio of 50 indicates that 50% by mass of the aggregate is mixed before granulation, and 50% by mass of the aggregate is mixed in the latter half of the granulation period.
- TI strength indicates tumbler strength of sintered ore measured according to JIS (Japanese Industrial Standard) K 2151.
- Comparative Example 11 is a production example in which sintered ore was produced using a coagulant containing 40% by mass of powder coke having a particle size of 1 mm or less and an iron-containing raw material containing 3% by mass of powdered iron ore having a particle size of 10 ⁇ m or less. It is.
- the mixing amount of the powder coke having a particle diameter of 1 mm or less is small, and the ratio of the coagulant in the upper part of the pallet cannot be increased. For this reason, the yield of the comparative example 11 became lower than the other manufacture examples, and, thereby, the sintered ore production rate also became lower than the other manufacture examples.
- the TI strength of the sintered ore manufactured in Comparative Example 11 was also lower than that of the other sintered ore manufacturing examples.
- Comparative Example 12 is a production example in which sintered ore was produced using a coagulant containing 65% by mass of powder coke having a particle size of 1 mm or less and an iron-containing raw material containing 3% by mass of powdered iron ore having a particle size of 10 ⁇ m or less. It is.
- Comparative Example 12 since the coagulant containing 65% by mass of powder coke having a particle size of 1 mm or less is used, the ratio of the coagulant in the upper layer of the charge layer is increased, and the yield of the sintered ore of Comparative Example 12 is increased. And the TI intensity
- the coagulant is mixed in the second half of the granulation period while using the coagulant containing as little as 3% by mass of fine iron ore of 10 ⁇ m or less and 65% by mass of powder coke having a particle size of 1 mm or less. Absent. For this reason, the granulation property of the sintering raw material was lower than that of Comparative Example 11, the harmonic average particle size of the pseudo particles was reduced, and the air permeability of the charging layer was lowered. Due to this decrease in air permeability, the sintering time of Comparative Example 12 was longer than that of the other production examples, and as a result, the sintered ore production rate of Comparative Example 12 was not different from that of Comparative Example 11.
- Comparative Example 13 is a production example in which a sintered ore was produced using a coagulant containing 65% by mass of powder coke having a particle size of 1 mm or less and an iron-containing raw material containing 3% by mass of powdered iron ore having a particle size of 10 ⁇ m or less. It is.
- Comparative Example 13 since the coagulant is mixed in the latter half of the granulation period, a decrease in granulation property is suppressed, and the harmonic average particle size of the pseudo particles becomes larger than that in Comparative Example 12, and the aeration of the charging layer is performed. Improves.
- Comparative Example 13 The fact that the sintering time of Comparative Example 13 is shorter than that of Comparative Example 12 indicates that the air permeability of the charging layer of Comparative Example 13 is improved as compared with Comparative Example 12.
- the TI strength of the sintered ore produced in Comparative Example 13 was slightly lower than that of Comparative Example 12, the yield of Comparative Example 13 was improved as compared with Comparative Example 12.
- the sintered ore production rate of Comparative Example 13 was improved as compared with Comparative Example 12.
- Comparative Example 14 uses a coagulant containing 65% by mass of powder coke having a particle size of 1 mm or less and an iron-containing raw material containing 7% by mass of powdered iron ore having a particle size of 10 ⁇ m or less, and baked without covering the coagulant. It is the manufacture example which manufactured the ore.
- Comparative Example 14 since the stirring treatment of the iron-containing raw material is performed using the high-speed stirring device 24, the decrease in granulation property is suppressed, and the harmonic average particle size of the pseudo particles is larger than that in Comparative Example 12, and the charging is performed. The breathability of the layer is improved.
- Comparative Example 14 The fact that the sintering time of Comparative Example 14 is shorter than that of Comparative Example 12 indicates that the air permeability of the charging layer of Comparative Example 14 is improved as compared with Comparative Example 12.
- the TI strength of the sintered ore produced in Comparative Example 14 was improved as compared with Comparative Example 12, and the yield of Comparative Example 14 was improved as compared with Comparative Example 12.
- the sintered ore production rate of Comparative Example 14 was improved as compared with Comparative Example 12.
- the yield and the sintered ore production rate of Comparative Example 14 are lower than those in Examples 1 to 3 described later, and the sintering time is from Examples 1 to 3. It was long.
- Examples 1 to 3 produce sintered ore using a coagulant containing 50% by mass or more of powdered coke having a particle size of 1 mm or less and an iron-containing raw material containing 7% by mass of powdered iron ore having a particle size of 10 ⁇ m or less.
- a coagulation material containing 65% by mass of powder coke having a particle size of 1 mm or less is used, and in Example 3, a coagulation material containing 75% by mass of powder coke having a particle size of 1 mm or less is used. Therefore, the ratio of the condensing material in the upper part of the charging layer can be increased. Thereby, the yield of the sintered ore of Comparative Example 12 and the TI strength of the sintered ore manufactured in Comparative Example 12 were improved as compared with Comparative Example 11.
- Example 1 since an iron-containing raw material containing 7% by mass of fine iron ore of 10 ⁇ m or less is used and agitation is performed by the high-speed agitator 24 to improve granulation, the agitation is performed.
- the harmonic mean particle size of the pseudo particles was larger than those of Comparative Examples 11 to 13, which were not present. Further, in Example 1, 50% by mass of the coagulation material is mixed in the latter half of the granulation period, and in Examples 2 and 3, 100% by mass of the coagulation material is mixed in the latter half of the granulation period.
- the harmonic mean particle size of the pseudo particles was larger than that of Comparative Example 14 in which the material was not mixed in the latter half of the granulation period.
- Example 3 since the outer layer ratio of the aggregate is 100% by mass in Example 2, the harmonic average particle diameter of the pseudo particles is larger than that of Example 1 in which the outer layer ratio of the aggregate is 50% by mass.
- the production rate of sintered ore increased with an increase in yield and yield.
- Example 3 a coagulation material containing 75% by mass of powder coke having a particle size of 1 mm or less is used, so the yield is higher than that in Example 2 using a coagulation material containing 75% by mass of powder coke having a particle size of 1 mm or less.
- Improved However, the inclusion of a large amount of powder coke having a particle size of 1 mm or less lowered the granulation property, and the harmonic average particle size of the pseudo particles was smaller than that in Example 2.
- Example 3 the sinter production rate of Example 3 was not different from Example 2. From this result, it is expected that even if the content of the powder coke having a particle size of 1 mm or less is more than 75.0% by mass, the yield improvement effect is offset by the decrease in granulation, and the production rate of sintered ore The improvement effect cannot be expected. From these results, it is understood that the upper limit of the content of the powder coke having a particle diameter of 1 mm or less is preferably 75% by mass.
- Sinter production apparatus 10
- Storage tank 14
- Iron-containing raw material 16
- Storage tank 18
- CaO containing raw material 20
- Conveyor 22
- Mixed raw material 24
- High-speed stirring apparatus 26
- Stirrer blade 28
- Container 30
- Conveyor 32
- Water 34 36
- Condensation material 38
- Pseudo particle 40
- Transporter 50
- Sintering machine 60 model 62 model 64 model
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Abstract
Description
(1)造粒された焼結原料を焼結機で焼結する焼結鉱の製造方法であって、前記焼結原料は、前記焼結原料の質量に対して5質量%以上となる量の粒径10μm以下の粉鉄鉱石を含む鉄含有原料と、粒径1mm以下の粉コークスを50質量%以上含有し、前記焼結原料の質量に対して3質量%以上7質量%以下の範囲内となる量の凝結材と、CaO含有原料と、を含み、少なくとも前記鉄含有原料は、前記焼結原料が造粒される前に撹拌され、前記凝結材の一部または全部は、前記焼結原料の全造粒期間を0~100%とした場合に50~95%の造粒期間に混合されて造粒される、焼結鉱の製造方法。
(2)前記凝結材の一部が、前記50~95%の造粒期間に混合される場合であって、造粒後の前記焼結原料の粒径を測定し、前記粒径が予め定められた粒径よりも低下した場合に前記50~95%の造粒期間に混合する凝結材を増やす、(1)に記載の焼結鉱の製造方法。
図5(a)は、擬似粒子全体の平均粒径に対するパレットの上層部、中層部、下層部の各層の擬似粒子の平均粒径を示すグラフであり、図5(b)は、パレットの上層部、中層部、下層部に存在する凝結材の割合を示すグラフである。図5(a)、図5(b)において、上層部とはパレットの層厚比(層厚/全層厚)が0.17となる位置であり、中層部とは層厚比(層厚/全層厚)が0.50となる位置であり、下層部は層厚比(層厚/全層厚)が0.83となる位置である。本実施形態における擬似粒子の平均粒径は調和算術平均径であって、1/(ΣVi×di)(但し、Viはi番目の粒度範囲の中にある粒子の存在比率であり、diはi番目の粒度範囲の代表粒径である)で定義される粒径である。
但し、(1)式において、Vは風量(Nm3/min)であり、Sは装入層の断面積(m2)であり、hは装入層高さ(mm)であり、ΔPは圧力損失(mmH2O)である。装入層の通気性が高いと通気性指数JPUは大きくなり、通気性が低いと通気性指数JPUは小さくなる。
通気性を評価する場合には調和平均径を使用するのが好ましい。下記(2)式で表されるエルガン式は、装入層の圧力損失を予測するのに用いられるが、この式には調和平均径が用いられている。この式で予測される圧力損失は装入層の通気性を示すので、本実施形態の擬似粒子の粒径の評価では、通気性に関連する調和平均径を用いた。
上記(2)式において、ΔP/Lは1m当たりの圧力損失(Pa/m)であり、εは空隙率(-)であり、uは流速(m/s)であり、μは気体粘度(Pa・s)であり、Dpは調和平均径(m)であり、ρは気体密度(kg/m3)である。
表2において、「凝結材外装比率」は、造粒期間の後半に混合した凝結材の比率を示す。この凝結材外装比率が50であることは、50質量%の凝結材を造粒前に混合し、50質量%の凝結材を造粒期間の後半に混合することを示す。「TI強度」は、JIS(日本工業規格) K 2151に準拠して測定した焼結鉱のタンブラー強度を示す。
12 貯蔵槽
14 鉄含有原料
16 貯蔵槽
18 CaO含有原料
20 搬送機
22 混合原料
24 高速撹拌装置
26 撹拌羽根
28 容器
30 搬送機
32 水
34 ドラムミキサー
36 凝結材
38 擬似粒子
40 搬送機
50 焼結機
60 モデル
62 モデル
64 モデル
Claims (2)
- 造粒された焼結原料を焼結機で焼結する焼結鉱の製造方法であって、
前記焼結原料は、前記焼結原料の質量に対して5質量%以上となる量の粒径10μm以下の粉鉄鉱石を含む鉄含有原料と、
粒径1mm以下の粉コークスを50質量%以上含有し、前記焼結原料の質量に対して3質量%以上7質量%以下の範囲内となる量の凝結材と、
CaO含有原料と、を含み、
少なくとも前記鉄含有原料は、前記焼結原料が造粒される前に撹拌され、
前記凝結材の一部または全部は、前記焼結原料の全造粒期間を0~100%とした場合に50~95%の造粒期間に混合されて造粒される、焼結鉱の製造方法。 - 前記凝結材の一部が、前記50~95%の造粒期間に混合される場合であって、
造粒後の前記焼結原料の粒径を測定し、前記粒径が予め定められた粒径よりも低下した場合に前記50~95%の造粒期間に混合する凝結材を増やす、請求項1に記載の焼結鉱の製造方法。
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