WO2018180907A1 - カルボキシル基を一つ有するポリエチレングリコールの精製方法 - Google Patents
カルボキシル基を一つ有するポリエチレングリコールの精製方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018180907A1 WO2018180907A1 PCT/JP2018/011472 JP2018011472W WO2018180907A1 WO 2018180907 A1 WO2018180907 A1 WO 2018180907A1 JP 2018011472 W JP2018011472 W JP 2018011472W WO 2018180907 A1 WO2018180907 A1 WO 2018180907A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/30—Post-polymerisation treatment, e.g. recovery, purification, drying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/34—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives
- C08G65/46—Post-polymerisation treatment, e.g. recovery, purification, drying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/32—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08G65/329—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds
- C08G65/331—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds containing oxygen
- C08G65/332—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds containing oxygen containing carboxyl groups, or halides, or esters thereof
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- the present invention relates to a method for purifying a polyethylene glycol compound having one carboxyl group used for pharmaceutical use. More specifically, the present invention is a purification method for obtaining a polyethylene glycol compound having one high-purity carboxyl group used as a raw material for activated polyethylene glycol for chemical modification in a drug delivery system.
- the present invention relates to nucleic acid compounds including polypeptides, enzymes, antibodies and other low molecular weight drugs and genes, oligonucleic acids, etc., modification of nucleic acid drugs and other physiologically active substances, or drug delivery such as liposomes, polymer micelles, nanoparticles, etc. Particularly suitable for pharmaceutical use including application to system carriers.
- Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is widely known as a standard carrier in drug delivery systems, and is still under active development.
- bioactive substances and drugs such as liposomes
- the high hydration layer of polyethylene glycol and the steric repulsion effect suppress the supplementation of the drug by the reticuloendothelial system (RES) and the excretion in the kidney. It is possible to improve blood retention and reduce antigenicity.
- polyethylene glycol having a carboxyl group at the terminal is an activated ester that forms a stable amide bond with a lysine residue of protein or a primary amino group at the N terminal, or a raw material for conversion to other active groups. Therefore, it is a particularly important material.
- PEGylated preparations using polyethylene glycol having a carboxyl group as a raw material include SOMAVERT (registered trademark): PEGVISOMANT (Pfizer), Mircera (registered trademark): MethoxyMPolyethylene glycol-epoetin beta (F Hoffmann-La Roche), Macugen ( (Registered trademark): Pegaptanib (Eyetech) is already on the market. In addition, many other PEGylated preparations have been clinically tested and have proved their usefulness.
- polyethylene glycol intended for such pharmaceutical use has been required to have less impurities from the viewpoint of the performance and safety of a drug produced by modifying it.
- polyethylene glycol compounds having a carboxyl group have been developed having various skeletons and linkers between the carboxyl group and polyethylene glycol, and impurities produced as a by-product vary depending on the production method. An example is shown below.
- a method for producing a linear polyethylene glycol having a carboxyl group a method of oxidizing a terminal hydroxyl group of polyethylene glycol described in Non-Patent Document 1 with a heavy metal reagent, a terminal hydroxyl group of polyethylene glycol described in Patent Document 1 and A method in which an acrylic ester compound is bonded by a Michael reaction, followed by ester hydrolysis, and an ortho ester compound having a terminal hydroxyl group and a leaving group of polyethylene glycol described in Patent Document 2 is bonded by a Williamson reaction. A method for performing hydrolysis has been reported so far.
- Patent Document 3 reports a method of hydrolyzing an ester after introducing methoxypolyethylene glycol into two amino groups of lysine ethyl ester. .
- the conversion rate to the carboxyl group at the end of polyethylene glycol is not high, and the highest is the carboxylic acid purity of around 90%.
- many impurities such as an unreacted drug and an unreacted or deactivated polyethylene glycol compound are contained.
- the purification of PEGylated preparations causes technical problems that it is difficult to separate, and problems such as an increase in manufacturing costs due to a decrease in drug yield. Therefore, it is desirable to remove the polyethylene glycol compound, which is an impurity, as much as possible before bonding with the drug.
- Patent Document 4 describes purification of branched polyethylene glycol.
- concentration of the polyethylene glycol compound in the process must be a high dilution condition of about 0.1-2% in order to suppress a decrease in the separation ability, and the polyethylene glycol compound in the aqueous solution is recovered after fractionation. Therefore, industrial productivity cannot be sufficiently satisfied.
- ion exchange resin since a large amount of ion exchange resin is finally produced as waste, this is an industrially problematic purification method.
- Patent Document 5 describes a method of purifying polyethylene glycol having a carboxyl group dissolved in an organic solvent by physically adsorbing it on an inorganic adsorbent and then desorbing it using an alcohol solvent. ing.
- this purification method the desorption reaction is insufficient and the yield is as low as 50 to 60%.
- Patent Document 6 a polyethylene glycol compound having an amino group is dissolved in a strongly acidic aqueous solution having a pH of 1 to 3, to ionize the terminal amino group, and extracted in a specific temperature range using a specific mixed organic solvent.
- the method of purifying by is described.
- polyethylene glycol compounds having amino groups whose hydrophilicity has been increased by ionization are distributed to the aqueous layer, and polyethylene glycol compounds having no amino groups are distributed to the mixed organic layer, so that they are selectively separated and purified. can do.
- Patent Document 6 there is no description regarding purification of a polyethylene glycol compound having a carboxyl group, and since the polyethylene glycol compound having a carboxyl group cannot be ionized by this purification method, selective separation, It is difficult to purify.
- octanol water / partition coefficient Log Pow of n-butylamine (nC 4 H 10 NH 2 ) and valeric acid (nC 4 H 10 COOH) having the same alkyl chain length is n-butylamine: 0.86, valeric acid: 1.39 ing.
- Log Pow is a value indicating the lipophilicity / hydrophilicity of chemical substances, and valeric acid is likely to migrate approximately 3 times in molar concentration to the octanol side of n-butylamine, that is, the lipophilicity of the carboxyl group is high. It is shown. Therefore, when a polyethylene glycol compound having a carboxyl group is ionized in an alkaline aqueous solution, the solubility of the carboxyl group and the amino group in the mixed organic solvent and water when ionized is different, so that the polyethylene glycol having an amino group is purified. It is not possible to apply organic solvent mixing ratios or specific temperature ranges optimized for the above.
- the polyethylene glycol compound having a carboxyl group is an important material for pharmaceutical use, but has not been obtained by an industrially easy-to-manufacture method and has many problems.
- An object of the present invention is to purify a polyethylene glycol compound having one carboxyl group with high efficiency and purity by an industrially practicable method.
- the present inventors have ionized a polyethylene glycol compound having one carboxyl group in an alkaline aqueous solution in a specific pH range, and mixed them at a specific ratio.
- the present inventors have found a method of purifying by performing an extraction operation in a specific temperature range in a system composed of more than one kind of organic solvent and an alkaline aqueous solution having a specific pH.
- the characteristics of the present invention can be realized by controlling the ratio of mixing a specific hydrocarbon solvent and a halogenated hydrocarbon solvent and the extraction temperature within a specific pH range to an appropriate range. It is industrial because it can be carried out on a large scale without using a large amount of carrier such as gel / adsorbent, ultrafiltration membrane, etc.
- the present invention is as follows.
- a method for purifying a polyethylene glycol compound having one carboxyl group and having a total average added mole number of ethylene oxide units in the molecule of 20 to 1490 A method for purifying a polyethylene glycol compound, comprising the following steps (A), (B) and (C).
- B) The aqueous solution obtained in the step (A) and the mixed organic solvent are mixed at a temperature of 15 ° C. or higher and 50 ° C. or lower, and are separated into an organic layer and an aqueous layer.
- the ratio of the organic solvent I is 25 to 60% by mass, the ratio of the organic solvent II is 75 to 40% by mass, and the organic solvent I is composed of toluene, xylene, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, and butyl acetate.
- the organic solvent II is a halogenated hydrocarbon solvent selected from the group consisting of methylene chloride and chloroform, and the mixing ratio of the organic solvent I to the organic solvent II (organic solvent I / Organic solvent II) Y, extraction step in which the mixing temperature T (° C.) and the weight average molecular weight M of the polyethylene glycol compound satisfy the relationship of formula (1) 3.11 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 M + 0.084 ⁇ Y ⁇ 0.0135T ⁇ -1.77 ⁇ 10 -6 M + 0.404 ⁇ ⁇ (1) (C) recovering the polyethylene glycol compound from the aqueous layer
- step (B) the mixing ratio of the organic solvent I to the organic solvent II (organic solvent I / organic solvent II) Y, the temperature T (° C.) at the time of mixing, and the weight average of the polyethylene glycol compound
- the molecular weight M satisfies the relationship of the formula (2). 2.03 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 M + 0.175 ⁇ Y ⁇ 0.0135T ⁇ -1.77 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 M + 0.404 ⁇ ⁇ (2)
- the buffer is one or more selected from the group consisting of organic salts and inorganic salts of one or more elements selected from the group consisting of sodium, potassium, lithium and ammonium.
- the present invention is a novel purification method for obtaining a polyethylene glycol compound having one highly pure carboxyl group for the purpose of pharmaceutical use.
- This purification method can separate a polyethylene glycol compound having no carboxyl group, which is difficult to separate by conventional techniques.
- a polyethylene glycol compound has a hydrolyzable linker such as an amide bond or a carbamate bond, the bond is hardly decomposed, and the quality can be prevented from deteriorating.
- it can be easily carried out industrially, is excellent in productivity, and can be carried out at a high yield in a process that does not generate waste such as an adsorbent and an ion exchange resin.
- 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the solvent mixing ratio Y and the extraction temperature T when the weight average molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol compound is 5,000.
- 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the solvent mixing ratio Y and the extraction temperature T when the weight average molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol compound is 40,000. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the solvent mixing ratio Y of the polyethyleneglycol compound in a certain weight average molecular weight M, and extraction temperature T, and is a graph which shows the range which can be refined
- 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the weight average molecular weight M of a polyethylene glycol compound and the intercept of the solvent mixing ratio Y.
- purification in Example 6 is shown.
- the HPLC chromatogram of the refined product obtained in Example 6 is shown.
- the polyethylene glycol compound having one carboxyl group of the present invention is a compound having one carboxyl group that can be reacted with another molecule in the polyethylene glycol molecule.
- the total average added mole number of ethylene oxide units in the molecule of the polyethylene glycol compound having one carboxyl group of the present invention is 20 or more, preferably 40 or more, more preferably 110 or more. Further, the total average number of added moles of ethylene oxide units in the molecule of the polyethylene glycol compound is 1490 or less, preferably 1370 or less.
- the weight average weight average molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol compound having one carboxyl group of the present invention is preferably 1000 or more, more preferably 2000 or more, more preferably 5000 or more. Further, the weight average molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol compound is preferably 65573 or less, more preferably 60263 or less.
- the polyethylene glycol compound having one carboxyl group of the present invention has a linear or branched structure.
- the branched type is preferably a glycerin skeleton, a lysine skeleton, a pentaerythritol skeleton, or a xylitol skeleton, and more preferably a glycerin skeleton or a lysine skeleton.
- These compounds can be obtained through a step of polymerizing ethylene oxide from a starting material having a monovalent or polyvalent hydroxyl group and a subsequent activation step as in Patent Document 7 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-197077), Alternatively, it is typically obtained through a coupling reaction and activation step of two or more linear polyethylene glycols as disclosed in Patent Document 8 (Japanese Patent Publication No. 9-504299).
- the polyethylene glycol compound that can be purified by the present invention has only one carboxyl group in the structure.
- the functional group bonded to the end of the polyethylene glycol chain other than the carboxyl group is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, a reactive functional group stable in a weak alkaline aqueous solution, or a protective group for the functional group.
- Examples of the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, hexyl, and isohexyl.
- the hydrocarbon group is a methyl group, an ethyl group, a tert-butyl group, or a benzyl group, and more preferably a methyl group.
- the reactive functional group stable in the weak alkaline aqueous solution is preferably an amino group, an oxyamino group, a hydroxyl group, a thiol group, a cyano group, or an azide group.
- the protective group for the functional group is preferably one that is stable in a weak alkaline aqueous solution among the protective groups for amino group, carboxyl group, hydroxyl group, thiol group, hydrazine group, hydrazide group, and oxyamino group.
- Process (A) This is a step of preparing an aqueous solution of a polyethylene glycol compound having one carboxyl group and having a pH of 8-11.
- the pH of the weak alkaline aqueous solution is low, the ionization of the carboxyl group is insufficient and the hydrophilicity of the polyethylene glycol compound cannot be increased, and if it is high, the hydrolyzability such as amide bond or carbamate bond in the polyethylene glycol compound.
- the bond will be decomposed, so that it is 8 to 11, preferably 8 to 10.
- the weak alkaline aqueous solution may contain a buffering agent for alleviating pH fluctuations.
- a buffering agent for alleviating pH fluctuations.
- an organic salt or an inorganic salt having a buffering property which is usually used for maintaining pH of 8 to 11 can be used.
- organic compounds such as phosphate, acetate, carbonate, bicarbonate, borate, citrate, phthalate, tartrate or lactate composed of sodium, potassium, lithium or ammonium. Salts and inorganic salts are included. Moreover, you may use combining these some organic salt and inorganic salt.
- the concentration of the buffering agent is not particularly limited as long as it is sufficient to maintain the solution of the present invention at the intended pH of 8-11.
- the concentration of the aqueous solution of the present invention is preferably 10 to 500 mM because the solubility of the aqueous solution of the present invention is reduced, the target product is likely to be distributed to the organic layer side, and the yield may be reduced. Preferably, it is 25 to 300 mM.
- the weight of the weak alkaline aqueous solution used is preferably 1 to 50 times by mass of the polyethylene glycol compound, more preferably 2 to 20 times by mass of the polyethylene glycol compound. Particularly preferred is 5 to 20 times the mass of the polyethylene glycol compound.
- Process (B) This is a step of mixing an organic solvent and a weakly alkaline aqueous solution in which a polyethylene glycol compound having one carboxyl group is dissolved by stirring or shaking, and letting it stand for a certain period of time to separate it into an organic layer and an aqueous layer. .
- this extraction step when a polyethylene glycol compound having one carboxyl group is mixed with a weak alkaline aqueous solution in a state of being previously dissolved in an organic solvent, it is highly likely that impurities cannot be separated and the target product cannot be recovered by emulsification. For this reason, it is preferably dissolved in advance in a weak alkaline aqueous solution.
- the mixing and layering time in the process is not particularly limited, but is preferably between 1 minute and 12 hours, more preferably between 10 minutes and 3 hours.
- the atmosphere in which this extraction operation is performed is not particularly limited, but it can also be preferably performed in the presence of an inert gas such as nitrogen for the purpose of minimizing oxidation.
- the apparatus is not particularly limited, but it can also be performed in a pressure vessel in consideration of operation in nitrogen and in a sealed state where oxidation deterioration does not easily occur.
- the organic solvent I to be used is a hydrocarbon solvent selected from toluene, xylene, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate and butyl acetate, preferably toluene and ethyl acetate, and more preferably toluene.
- the organic solvent II to be used is a halogenated hydrocarbon solvent selected from methylene chloride and chloroform, preferably chloroform.
- a general polyethylene glycol compound to be used exhibits a specific solubility, and the solubility is organic solvent II> water> organic solvent I.
- a polyethylene glycol compound having an ionized carboxyl group is slightly more hydrophilic than a polyethylene glycol compound having no carboxyl group. Therefore, when an organic solvent in which an appropriate amount of an organic solvent II is mixed with the organic solvent I is used, the solubility of the polyethylene glycol compound having a carboxyl group is water> (organic solvent I + organic solvent II) and does not have a carboxyl group.
- the solubility of the polyethylene glycol compound is (organic solvent I + organic solvent II)> water. That is, since the polyethylene glycol compound having a carboxyl group is distributed to the aqueous layer and the polyethylene glycol compound having no carboxyl group is distributed to the organic layer, it can be selectively separated and purified.
- the organic solvent to be used is a mixed solution having a mixing ratio of organic solvent I: 25 to 60% by mass and organic solvent II: 75 to 40% by mass. Since the specific gravity of the organic solvent I is smaller than 1 and the specific gravity of the organic solvent II is larger than 1, when the ratio of the organic solvent I increases, the specific gravity of the mixed solvent tends to approach the specific gravity of the aqueous solution, so that the layer separation tends to be worse . Therefore, it is preferable that the mixing ratio is a mixed solution of organic solvent I: 25 to 50% by mass and organic solvent II: 75 to 50% by mass.
- the mixing ratio of organic solvent I to organic solvent II is Y
- the temperature in step (B) is T (° C.)
- the weight of the polyethylene glycol compound When the average molecular weight is M, purification is possible within the range satisfying the relationship of the following formula (1).
- the inventors succeeded in providing a purification method capable of industrially separating the high-purity polyethylene glycol compound for the first time. 3.11 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 M + 0.084 ⁇ Y ⁇ 0.0135T ⁇ -1.77 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 M + 0.404 (1)
- the mass of the organic solvents I and II to be used is preferably 1 to 50 times by mass of the polyethylene glycol compound, and more preferably 2 to 20 times by mass of the polyethylene glycol compound, respectively. Particularly preferably, it is 5 to 20 times by mass of the polyethylene glycol compound.
- the temperature at which the extraction operation is performed is preferably 50 ° C. or less, more preferably 45 ° C. or less, because the solvent mixing ratio may change due to volatilization of the organic solvent and the solubility of the polyethylene glycol compound may change as the temperature increases. 35 ° C. or lower is more preferable. Further, the temperature at which the extraction operation is performed is preferably 10 ° C. or higher, more preferably 15 ° C. or higher, and further preferably 20 ° C. or higher because the viscosity of polyethylene glycol increases as the temperature decreases.
- a weak alkaline aqueous solution containing a polyethylene glycol compound having one carboxyl group is made neutral or acidic with an acid. Thereafter, after extraction into an organic layer, a polyethylene glycol compound having one carboxyl group is recovered by a process including any of concentration, crystallization, and drying.
- the polyethylene glycol impurity having no carboxyl group to be separated and removed is an impurity having the same weight average molecular weight as that of the polyethylene glycol compound having one carboxyl group.
- GPC and HPLC were used for the analysis of the polyethylene glycol compound.
- the carboxylic acid yield described in the examples is (mass after purification (g) x carboxylic acid purity after purification (%)) ⁇ (mass of raw material (g) x carboxylic acid purity of raw material (% )) ⁇ 100.
- the molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol compound was measured under the following conditions using LC-10Avp (Shimadzu) as a GPC system.
- GPC equipment LC-10Avp (Shimadzu)
- Mobile phase DMF (10 mM LiBr)
- Flow rate 0.7ml / min
- Column PL gel MIXED-D (Polymer Laboratory)
- the calibration curve was prepared using a polyethylene glycol compound as a standard substance.
- the carboxylic acid purity of the polyethylene glycol compound was measured under the following conditions using alliance (Waters) as an HPLC system.
- HPLC system alliance (Waters)
- Mobile phase ammonium formate buffer (solvent: water, pH: 8.0)
- Flow rate 1.0ml / min
- Column Anion exchange column ES-502N (Asahipak)
- a polyethylene glycol compound having one ionized carboxyl group remains mainly in the aqueous layer at the time of extraction, and a polyethylene glycol compound having no carboxyl group tends to move to the organic layer, so that purification is possible.
- purification cannot be performed without performing extraction at an appropriate solvent mixing ratio and extraction temperature.
- Y1 be the mixing ratio Y of the solvent at which the polyethylene glycol compound starts to be obtained from the organic layer.
- Y1 is an index of the mixing ratio that can be purified by the extraction method of the present invention. That is, a polyethylene glycol compound having no carboxyl group as an impurity starts to be distributed to the organic layer preferentially.
- the mixing ratio Y of the solvent is larger than Y1, purification cannot be performed because the polyethylene glycol compound having no carboxyl group is not distributed and removed in the organic layer.
- a mixing ratio Y in which 20% by mass of a polyethylene glycol compound having one carboxyl group is contained in the polyethylene glycol compound obtained by concentrating the organic layer is defined as Y2.
- Y2 is an index of the mixing ratio related to the carboxylic acid yield by extraction, and is a lower limit value that enables efficient purification.
- Y1 and Y2 The relationship between Y1 and Y2 is always Y1> Y2. Therefore, if the mixing ratio Y of the solvent is between Y1 and Y2 (Y1>Y> Y2), it means that a polyethylene glycol compound having one carboxyl group can be purified by extraction with an industrially available efficiency. To do.
- a mixing ratio Y in which 5% by mass of a polyethylene glycol compound having one carboxyl group is contained in a polyethylene glycol compound obtained by concentrating the organic layer is Y3.
- Y3 is a preferable lower limit value that enables efficient purification because the loss of the polyethylene glycol compound having a carboxyl group to the organic layer is less than that of Y2.
- the relationship between Y1, Y2 and Y3 is always Y1>Y3> Y2. If the mixing ratio Y of the solvent is between Y1 and Y3 (Y1>Y> Y3), the polyethylene glycol compound having one carboxyl group can be purified by extraction with more industrially efficient efficiency under more favorable conditions. Means.
- the purification by extraction is possible when the mixing ratio Y is in the region satisfying Y ⁇ 0.0135T + A and Y ⁇ 0.0135T + B in FIG. It can be expressed as B ⁇ Y-0.0135T ⁇ A (6)
- the region satisfies Y ⁇ 0.0135T + A and Y ⁇ 0.0135T + C in FIG. 3, and the two equations can be combined and expressed as equation (7).
- the mixing ratio of organic solvent I to organic solvent II is Y
- the temperature in step (B) is T (° C.)
- the weight average molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol compound is M.
- the range in which purification by extraction is possible was derived from Equation (6) and Equation (8). 3.11 ⁇ 10 -6 M + 0.084 ⁇ Y ⁇ 0.0135T ⁇ -1.77 ⁇ 10 -6 M + 0.404 And more preferably derived from Equation (7) and Equation (8). 2.03 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 M + 0.175 ⁇ Y ⁇ 0.0135T ⁇ -1.77 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 M + 0.404 It is.
- the upper limit of the weight average molecular weight capable of extracting and purifying a polyethylene glycol compound having an amino group was 104167.
- the upper limit of the weight average molecular weight that enables extraction and purification of a polyethylene glycol compound having a carboxyl group is low because the carboxyl group has a lower hydrophilicity than an amino group.
- the difference in solubility in the mixed solvent and aqueous solution is small, indicating that the weight average molecular weight range in which separation and purification can be performed selectively is narrower.
- Example 1 In this example, the weight average molecular weight M is 5000, the extraction temperature T is 27.5 ° C., and Y is 0.53.
- the separated lower organic layer was extracted, a newly prepared mixed solvent of toluene: 16 g and chloroform: 30 g was added, and extraction operation was performed in the same manner. After stirring and separation, the organic layer was extracted, and 10 g of sodium chloride was added to the remaining aqueous layer, followed by stirring and dissolution at room temperature.
- Example 1-1 In Example 1, the mixing ratio Y was variously changed at an extraction temperature of 27.5 ° C. to obtain a mixing ratio (Y1) in which the weight of ⁇ -methoxy- ⁇ -carboxymethyl-polyethylene glycol in the concentrated substance amount was 5%.
- the mixing ratio (Y2) at which the resulting concentrate is minimal, the mixing ratio (Y3) at 20% was investigated.
- Y1 was 0.751
- Y2 was 0.490
- Y3 was 0.565.
- Example 1-2 In Example 1, the mixing ratio Y was variously changed at an extraction temperature of 32.5 ° C., and Y1, Y2, and Y3 were investigated. As a result, Y1 was 0.842, Y2 was 0.530, and Y3 was 0.620.
- Example 1-3 In Example 1, the mixing ratio Y was variously changed at an extraction temperature of 22.5 ° C., and Y1, Y2, and Y3 were investigated. As a result, Y1 was 0.707, Y2 was 0.395, and Y3 was 0.485. A plot of the results of Examples 1 to 3 is shown in FIG.
- Example 2 In this example, the weight average molecular weight M is 40000, the extraction temperature T is 27.5 ° C., and Y is 0.63.
- ⁇ -methoxy- ⁇ -carboxymethyl-polyethylene glycol represented by the formula [1] weight average molecular weight: 40000, purity of carboxylic acid
- a mechanical stirrer, thermometer, and nitrogen blowing tube 80.5%
- 5 g was added, and 100 mM sodium borate buffer (pH 9) was dissolved in 50 g.
- the separated lower organic layer was extracted, a newly prepared mixed solvent of toluene: 19 g and chloroform: 30 g was added, and extraction operation was performed in the same manner. After stirring and separation, the organic layer was extracted, and 10 g of sodium chloride was added to the remaining aqueous layer, followed by stirring and dissolution at room temperature. To this aqueous solution was added 6N hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 2, and then 25 g of chloroform was added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes, stirred and stopped for 30 minutes to separate the layers. The lower organic layer was collected in an eggplant flask.
- the organic layer was concentrated with an evaporator at 40 ° C., diluted by adding 50 g of ethyl acetate, dehydrated and filtered with 1.5 g of magnesium sulfate. To this, 25 g of hexane was added to precipitate crystals. The slurry was stirred for 30 minutes, filtered, and the residue was washed with 25 g of hexane and dried in vacuo to obtain a purified product (3.8 g, carboxylic acid purity: 99.2%, carboxylic acid yield: 93.7 %).
- Example 2-1 In Example 1, the mixing ratio Y was variously changed at an extraction temperature of 27.5 ° C. to obtain a mixing ratio (Y1) in which the weight of ⁇ -methoxy- ⁇ -carboxymethyl-polyethylene glycol in the concentrated substance amount was 5%.
- the mixing ratio (Y2) at which the resulting concentrate is minimal, the mixing ratio (Y3) at 20% was investigated.
- Y1 was 0.704
- Y2 was 0.580
- Y3 was 0.627.
- Example 2-2 In Example 1, the mixing ratio Y was variously changed at an extraction temperature of 32.5 ° C., and Y1, Y2, and Y3 were investigated. As a result, Y1 was 0.771, Y2 was 0.648, and Y3 was 0.695.
- Example 2-3 In Example 1, the mixing ratio Y was variously changed at an extraction temperature of 22.5 ° C., and Y1, Y2, and Y3 were investigated. As a result, Y1 was 0.637, Y2 was 0.513, and Y3 was 0.561. A plot of the results of Examples 2-1 to 3 is shown in FIG.
- Example 3 In this example, the weight average molecular weight M is 5000, the extraction temperature T is 27.5 ° C., and Y is 0.67.
- ⁇ -methoxy- ⁇ -2-carboxyethyl-polyethylene glycol represented by the formula [2] weight average molecular weight: 5000, carvone Acid purity: 78.1%): 5 g was added, and 50 mM sodium borate buffer (pH 9) was dissolved in 50 g. To this was added a mixed solvent of toluene: 20 g and chloroform: 30 g, and the mixture was stirred at 27.5 ° C. for 30 minutes. The stirring was stopped and the mixture was allowed to stand at the same temperature for 30 minutes to separate the layers.
- ⁇ -methoxy- ⁇ -2-carboxyethyl-polyethylene glycol represented by the formula [2] (weight average molecular weight: 5000, carvone Acid purity: 78.1%): 5 g was added, and 50 mM sodium borate buffer (pH 9) was dissolved in 50 g. To this was added a mixed solvent of toluene: 20 g and chloroform: 30 g, and
- the separated lower organic layer was extracted, a newly prepared mixed solvent of toluene: 20 g and chloroform: 30 g was added, and extraction operation was performed in the same manner. After stirring and separation, the organic layer was extracted, and 10 g of sodium chloride was added to the remaining aqueous layer, followed by stirring and dissolution at room temperature. To this aqueous solution was added 6N hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 2, and then 25 g of chloroform was added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes, stirred and stopped for 30 minutes to separate the layers. The lower organic layer was collected in an eggplant flask.
- the organic layer was concentrated with an evaporator at 40 ° C., diluted by adding 50 g of ethyl acetate, dehydrated and filtered with 1.5 g of magnesium sulfate. To this, 25 g of hexane was added to precipitate crystals. The slurry was stirred for 30 minutes, filtered, and the residue was washed with 25 g of hexane and dried in vacuo to obtain a purified product (3.6 g, carboxylic acid purity: 99.0%, carboxylic acid yield: 91.3 %).
- Example 4 In this example, the weight average molecular weight M is 20000, the extraction temperature T is 27.5 ° C., and Y is 0.67.
- ⁇ -methoxy- ⁇ -5-carboxypentyl-polyethylene glycol represented by the formula [3] weight average molecular weight: 20000, carvone (Acid purity: 79.5%): 5 g and water: 50 g were added and dissolved at room temperature with stirring under nitrogen.
- a 1M aqueous sodium carbonate solution was added thereto to adjust the pH to 10.
- a mixed solvent of toluene: 18 g and chloroform: 30 g was added thereto, and the mixture was stirred at 27.5 ° C. for 30 minutes.
- the organic layer was concentrated with an evaporator at 40 ° C., diluted by adding 50 g of ethyl acetate, dehydrated and filtered with 1.5 g of magnesium sulfate. To this, 25 g of hexane was added to precipitate crystals. The slurry was stirred for 30 minutes, filtered, and the residue was washed with 25 g of hexane and dried in vacuo to obtain a purified product (3.5 g, carboxylic acid purity: 99.3%, carboxylic acid yield: 86.8). %).
- Example 5 In this example, the weight average molecular weight M is 10,000, the extraction temperature T is 27.5 ° C., and Y is 0.50.
- ⁇ -2-cyanoethoxy- ⁇ -5-carboxypentyl-polyethylene glycol represented by the formula [4] weight average molecular weight: 10000, carboxylic acid purity: 81.7%): 5 g was added, and 100 mM sodium borate buffer (pH 9) was dissolved in 50 g.
- the separated lower organic layer was extracted, and a newly prepared mixed solvent of toluene: 15 g and chloroform: 30 g was added, and extraction operation was performed in the same manner. After stirring and separation, the organic layer was extracted, and 10 g of sodium chloride was added to the remaining aqueous layer, followed by stirring and dissolution at room temperature. To this aqueous solution was added 6N hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 2, and then 25 g of chloroform was added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes, stirred and stopped for 30 minutes to separate the layers. The lower organic layer was collected in an eggplant flask.
- the organic layer was concentrated with an evaporator at 40 ° C., diluted by adding 50 g of ethyl acetate, dehydrated and filtered with 1.5 g of magnesium sulfate. To this, 25 g of hexane was added to precipitate crystals. The slurry was stirred for 30 minutes, filtered, and the residue was washed with 25 g of hexane and dried in vacuo to obtain a purified product (3.7 g, carboxylic acid purity: 99.1%, carboxylic acid yield: 89.8 %).
- Example 6 In this example, the weight average molecular weight M is 40000, the extraction temperature T is 27.5 ° C., and Y is 0.65.
- Branched polyethylene glycol represented by formula [5] (weight average molecular weight: 40000, carboxylic acid purity: 81.3%): 10 g in a 200 mL four-necked flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer, thermometer and nitrogen blowing tube Then, 100 mM sodium borate buffer (pH 9) was dissolved in 100 g. To this was added a mixed solvent of toluene: 39 g and chloroform: 60 g, and the mixture was stirred at 27.5 ° C. for 30 minutes. The stirring was stopped and the mixture was allowed to stand at the same temperature for 30 minutes to separate the layers.
- the separated lower organic layer was extracted, a newly prepared mixed solvent of toluene: 39 g and chloroform: 60 g was added, and extraction operation was performed in the same manner. After stirring and separating the layers, the organic layer was extracted, and 25 g of sodium chloride was added to the remaining aqueous layer, followed by stirring and dissolution at room temperature. After adjusting the pH to 3 by adding 6N hydrochloric acid to this aqueous solution, 100 g of chloroform was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. The stirring was stopped and the mixture was allowed to stand for 30 minutes to separate the layers. The lower organic layer was collected in an eggplant flask.
- the organic layer was concentrated with an evaporator at 40 ° C., diluted by adding 100 g of ethyl acetate, dehydrated and filtered with 3.0 g of magnesium sulfate. To this, 50 g of hexane was added to precipitate crystals. The slurry was stirred for 30 minutes, filtered, and the residue was washed with 50 g of hexane and dried in vacuo to obtain a purified product (7.1 g, carboxylic acid purity: 99.3%, carboxylic acid yield: 90.4). %).
- the organic layer was concentrated with an evaporator at 40 ° C., diluted by adding 50 g of ethyl acetate, dehydrated and filtered with 1.5 g of magnesium sulfate. To this, 25 g of hexane was added to precipitate crystals. The slurry was stirred for 30 minutes, filtered, and the residue was washed with 25 g of hexane and dried in vacuo to obtain a purified product (3.8 g, carboxylic acid purity: 99.3%, carboxylic acid yield: 22.9 %).
- Example 6 The slurry was stirred for 30 minutes, filtered, and the residue was washed with 25 g of hexane and dried in vacuo to obtain a purified product (12.3 g, carboxylic acid purity: 99.4%, carboxylic acid yield: 50.0 %).
- the results of Example 6 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are shown in Table 1 below.
- the carboxylic acid purity of the polyethylene glycol compound having one carboxyl group obtained by the purification method of the present invention is purified by the ion exchange resin of Comparative Example 1 and by the inorganic adsorbent of Comparative Example 2. It was equivalent to the purified product, and the carboxylic acid yield was significantly higher.
- FIG. 5 shows an HPLC chromatogram of the raw material used for extraction and purification in Example 5
- FIG. 6 shows an HPLC chromatogram of the purified product obtained in Example 5.
- the organic layer was concentrated with an evaporator at 40 ° C., diluted by adding 50 g of ethyl acetate, dehydrated and filtered with 1.5 g of magnesium sulfate. To this, 25 g of hexane was added to precipitate crystals. The slurry was stirred for 30 minutes, filtered, and the residue was washed with 25 g of hexane and dried in vacuo to obtain the final product.
- the final product obtained had a carboxylic acid purity of 64.3%.
- a branched polyethylene glycol derivative represented by the formula [6] (weight average molecular weight: 80000, amine purity: 78.3% ): 5 g and 50 g of water were added and dissolved at room temperature with stirring under nitrogen.
- the pH was adjusted to 2 by adding 1N hydrochloric acid thereto.
- a mixed solvent of toluene: 20 g and chloroform: 30 g was added, and the mixture was stirred at 27.5 ° C. for 30 minutes. The stirring was stopped and the mixture was allowed to stand at the same temperature for 30 minutes to separate the layers.
- the separated lower organic layer was extracted, a newly prepared mixed solvent of toluene: 20 g and chloroform: 30 g was added, and extraction operation was performed in the same manner. After stirring and separation, the organic layer was extracted, and 10 g of sodium chloride was added to the remaining aqueous layer, followed by stirring and dissolution at room temperature. The pH was adjusted to 12 by adding 1N NaOH NaOH to this solution. The mixture was slowly stirred and heated to 50 ° C., 37.5 g of toluene was added, and the mixture was stirred at 50 ° C. for 30 minutes. Stirring was stopped and the mixture was allowed to stand at the same temperature for 30 minutes to separate the layers. The lower organic layer was collected in an eggplant flask.
- Toluene 37.5 g was added and extraction was performed again, and the organic layer was recovered in an eggplant flask. The organic layer was concentrated with an evaporator at 50 ° C., dehydrated with magnesium sulfate: 1.5 g, and filtered. The filter cake was washed with 10 g of toluene and combined with the filtrate. This solution was cooled to room temperature while stirring using a magnetic stirrer, and then 25 g of hexane was added thereto to precipitate crystals.
- Branched polyethylene glycol represented by formula [7] (weight average molecular weight: 80000, carboxylic acid purity: 77.6%): 5 g in a 100 mL four-necked flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer, thermometer, and nitrogen blowing tube Then, 100 mM sodium borate buffer (pH 9) was dissolved in 50 g. To this was added a mixed solvent of toluene: 20 g and chloroform: 30 g, and the mixture was stirred at 27.5 ° C. for 30 minutes. The stirring was stopped and the mixture was allowed to stand at the same temperature for 30 minutes to separate the layers.
- formula [7] weight average molecular weight: 80000, carboxylic acid purity: 77.6%
- the separated lower organic layer was extracted, a newly prepared mixed solvent of toluene: 20 g and chloroform: 30 g was added, and extraction operation was performed in the same manner. After stirring and separation, the organic layer was extracted, and 12.5 g of sodium chloride was added to the remaining aqueous layer, and the mixture was stirred and dissolved at room temperature. To this aqueous solution, 6N hydrochloric acid was added to adjust the pH to 2, and then 50 g of chloroform was added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes, stopped stirring and allowed to stand for 30 minutes to separate the layers. The lower organic layer was collected in an eggplant flask.
- the organic layer was concentrated with an evaporator at 40 ° C., diluted by adding 50 g of ethyl acetate, dehydrated and filtered with 1.5 g of magnesium sulfate. To this, 25 g of hexane was added to precipitate crystals. The slurry was stirred for 30 minutes, filtered, and the residue was washed with 25 g of hexane and then dried in vacuo to obtain a purified product. The final product obtained had a carboxylic acid purity of 77.8%.
- the polyethylene glycol compound containing one carboxyl group is purified at the ratio and temperature of the mixed solvent capable of purifying the polyethylene glycol compound containing one amino group. I could't.
- the carboxyl group is less hydrophilic than the amino group, the difference in solubility in a mixed solvent and an aqueous solution of a polyethylene glycol compound having a carboxyl group and a polyethylene glycol compound having no carboxyl group is small, It was shown that the weight average molecular weight range that can be selectively separated and purified is narrower.
- the present invention is a useful purification method capable of industrially producing a polyethylene glycol compound having one carboxyl group with high purity and good yield.
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Abstract
Description
(1) カルボキシル基を一つ有しており、分子内のエチレンオキシドユニットの合計平均付加モル数が20~1490であるポリエチレングリコール化合物を精製する方法であって、
以下の工程(A)、工程(B)および工程(C)を有することを特徴とする、ポリエチレングリコール化合物の精製方法。
(A) 前記ポリエチレングリコール化合物の水溶液であって、pHが8~11の弱アルカリ性水溶液を調製する工程
(B) 前記工程(A)で得られた前記水溶液と混合有機溶剤とを15℃以上、50℃以下の温度で混合し、有機層と水層とに分層させ、この際前記混合有機溶剤における有機溶剤Iの比率が25~60質量%であり、有機溶剤IIの比率が75~40質量%であり、前記有機溶剤Iが、トルエン、キシレン、酢酸メチル、酢酸エチルおよび酢酸ブチルからなる群より選ばれる炭化水素系溶剤であり、前記有機溶剤IIが塩化メチレンおよびクロロホルムからなる群より選ばれるハロゲン化炭化水素系溶剤であり、前記有機溶剤Iの前記有機溶剤IIに対する混合比率(有機溶剤I/有機溶剤II)Y、前記混合時の温度T(℃)および前記ポリエチレングリコール化合物の重量平均分子量Mが、式(1)の関係を満足する抽出工程
3.11×10-6M+0.084≦Y-0.0135T≦-1.77×10-6M+0.404 ・・ (1)
(C) 前記水層から前記ポリエチレングリコール化合物を回収する工程
2.03×10-6M+0.175≦Y-0.0135T≦-1.77×10-6M+0.404 ・・ (2)
カルボキシル基を1つ有するポリエチレングリコール化合物の水溶液であって、pHが8~11の弱アルカリ性水溶液を調製する工程である。
有機溶剤と、カルボキシル基を一つ有するポリエチレングリコール化合物が溶解した弱アルカリ性水溶液を撹拌や振とうなどにより混合し、一定時間これを静置することにより有機層と水層に分層させる工程である。この抽出工程において、カルボキシル基を一つ有するポリエチレングリコール化合物は、予め有機溶剤に溶解させた状態で弱アルカリ性水溶液と混合すると、乳化により不純物の分離、目的物の回収が不能となる可能性が高いため、予め弱アルカリ性水溶液に溶解していることが好ましい。
3.11×10-6M+0.084≦Y-0.0135T≦-1.77×10-6M+0.404 (1)
抽出後の水層からカルボキシル基を一つ有するポリエチレングリコール化合物を回収する方法である。
実施例において分離、除去されるカルボキシル基を有さないポリエチレングリコール不純物は、カルボキシル基を一つ有するポリエチレングリコール化合物と重量平均分子量が同程度の不純物である。なお、ポリエチレングリコール化合物の分析にはGPC、HPLCを使用した。実施例中に記載されているカルボン酸収率とは、(精製後の質量(g)×精製後のカルボン酸純度(%))÷(原料の質量(g)×原料のカルボン酸純度(%))×100のことである。
GPC装置:LC-10Avp(島津)
移動相:DMF(10mM LiBr)
流速:0.7ml/min
カラム:PL gel MIXED-D (ポリマーラボラトリー)
カラム温度:65℃
検出器:RI
注入量:30mg/30mL(100μl)
検量線は、ポリエチレングリコール化合物を標準物質として作成した。
HPLC装置:alliance (Waters)
移動相:ギ酸アンモニウム緩衝液(溶媒:水、pH:8.0)
流速:1.0ml/min
カラム:陰イオン交換カラム ES-502N(Asahipak)
カラム温度:30℃
検出器:RI
注入量:10mg/mL(20μl)
したがって、前記溶剤の混合比率YがY1とY2の間にあれば(Y1>Y>Y2)、カルボキシル基を一つ有するポリエチレングリコール化合物を抽出によって、工業的に利用可能な効率で精製できることを意味する。
前記溶剤の混合比率YがY1とY3の間にあれば(Y1>Y>Y3)、カルボキシル基を一つ有するポリエチレングリコール化合物を抽出によって、より好ましい条件で工業的に利用可能な効率で精製できることを意味する。
カルボキシル基を一つ有するポリエチレングリコール化合物を弱アルカリ水溶液に溶解させた。有機溶剤Iと有機溶剤IIの混合溶液を加えて抽出操作を2回行った。有機層をエバポレーターで減圧留去し、回収したポリエチレングリコール化合物の質量測定及びHPLC測定を行った。HPLCのクロマトグラムのピーク面積比及び質量から、カルボキシル基を有するポリエチレングリコール化合物及びカルボキシル基を有さないポリエチレングリコール化合物の質量を算出した。この抽出検討を、様々な抽出温度及び溶剤の混合比率の条件下で行ない、それぞれの温度でのY1、Y2及びY3を算出した。縦軸に溶剤の混合比率Y、横軸に抽出温度Tをとり、Y1、Y2及びY3をプロットした。
M=5000の場合:
Y1=0.0135T+0.395、Y2=0.0135T+0.100、Y3=0.0135T+0.185 (3)
M=40000の場合:
Y1=0.0135T+0.333、Y2=0.0135T+0.209、Y3=0.0135T+0.256 (4)
Y1=0.0135T+A、Y2=0.0135T+B、Y3=0.0135T+C ・・(5)
B≦Y-0.0135T≦A ・・(6)
C≦Y-0.0135T≦A ・・(7)
A= -1.77×10-6M+0.404
B= 3.11×10-6M+0.084
C= 2.03×10-6M+0.175 ・・(8)
3.11×10-6M+0.084≦Y-0.0135T≦-1.77×10-6M+0.404
であり、より好ましくは式(7)と式(8)より導いた
2.03×10-6M+0.175≦Y-0.0135T≦-1.77×10-6M+0.404
である。
本例では、重量平均分子量Mは5000であり、抽出温度Tは27.5℃であり、Yは0.53である。
実施例1において、抽出温度27.5℃にて、混合比率Yを種々変更し、濃縮物質量中のα-メトキシ-ω-カルボキシメチル-ポリエチレングリコールの重量が5%である混合比率(Y1)、得られる濃縮物が最小である混合比率(Y2)、20%である混合比率(Y3)を調査した。その結果、Y1は0.751、Y2は0.490、Y3は0.565であった。
実施例1において、抽出温度32.5℃にて、混合比率Yを種々変更し、Y1、Y2、Y3を調査した。その結果、Y1は0.842、Y2は0.530、Y3は0.620であった。
実施例1において、抽出温度22.5℃にて、混合比率Yを種々変更し、Y1、Y2、Y3を調査した。その結果、Y1は0.707、Y2は0.395、Y3は0.485であった。
実施例1~3の結果をプロットしたものが図1である。
本例では、重量平均分子量Mは40000であり、抽出温度Tは27.5℃であり、Yは0.63である。
実施例1において、抽出温度27.5℃にて、混合比率Yを種々変更し、濃縮物質量中のα-メトキシ-ω-カルボキシメチル-ポリエチレングリコールの重量が5%である混合比率(Y1)、得られる濃縮物が最小である混合比率(Y2)、20%である混合比率(Y3)を調査した。その結果、Y1は0.704、Y2は0.580、Y3は0.627であった。
実施例1において、抽出温度32.5℃にて、混合比率Yを種々変更し、Y1、Y2、Y3を調査した。その結果、Y1は0.771、Y2は0.648、Y3は0.695であった。
実施例1において、抽出温度22.5℃にて、混合比率Yを種々変更し、Y1、Y2、Y3を調査した。その結果、Y1は0.637、Y2は0.513、Y3は0.561であった。
実施例2-1~3の結果をプロットしたものが図2である。
本例では、重量平均分子量Mは5000であり、抽出温度Tは27.5℃であり、Yは0.67である。
本例では、重量平均分子量Mは20000であり、抽出温度Tは27.5℃であり、Yは0.67である。
本例では、重量平均分子量Mは10000であり、抽出温度Tは27.5℃であり、Yは0.50である。
本例では、重量平均分子量Mは40000であり、抽出温度Tは27.5℃であり、Yは0.65である。
次に、特許文献4の実施例と同様の方法にてイオン交換カラムで精製を行い、結果を比較した。
次に、特許文献5の実施例と同様の方法にて無機系吸着剤で精製を行い、結果を比較した。
実施例6、比較例1、2の結果を以下の表1に示す。
機械式攪拌装置、温度計、窒素吹き込み管を装着した100mLの3つ口フラスコに、式[3]で示されるα-メトキシ-ω-5-カルボキシペンチル-ポリエチレングリコール(重量平均分子量:20000、カルボン酸純度:79.5%):5gと水:50gを入れ、窒素下で攪拌しながら室温で溶解した。この水溶液に6N 塩酸を添加してpHを2に調整した。これにトルエン:18gとクロロホルム:30gの混合溶剤を加えて、27.5℃で30分撹拌し、撹拌を停止して同温度にて30分間静置して分層させた。分層した下層の有機層を抜き取り、新たに調製したトルエン:18gとクロロホルム:30gの混合溶剤を加え、同様に抽出操作を行った。撹拌、分層後、有機層を抜き取り、残った水層に食塩:10gを添加し、室温で撹拌、溶解した。クロロホルム:25gを加え、室温で30分間撹拌し、撹拌を停止して30分間静置して分層させた。下層の有機層をナスフラスコに回収した。有機層はエバポレーターにて40℃で濃縮し、酢酸エチル:50gを添加して希釈した後、硫酸マグネシウム:1.5gで脱水、ろ過した。これにヘキサン:25gを加えて結晶を析出させた。このスラリーを30分攪拌し、ろ過し、残渣を25gのヘキサンにて洗浄した後、真空にて乾燥を行って最終品を得た。得られた最終品のカルボン酸純度は64.3%であった。
本例では、重量平均分子量Mは80000であり、抽出温度Tは27.5℃であり、Yは0.67である。
本例では、重量平均分子量Mは80000であり、抽出温度Tは27.5℃であり、Yは0.67である。
なお、本願は、2017年3月30日付で出願された日本国特許出願(2017-066695)に基づいており、その全体が引用により援用される。また、ここに引用されるすべての参照は全体として取り込まれる。
Claims (7)
- カルボキシル基を一つ有しており、分子内のエチレンオキシドユニットの合計平均付加モル数が20~1490であるポリエチレングリコール化合物を精製する方法であって、
以下の工程(A)、工程(B)および工程(C)を有することを特徴とする、ポリエチレングリコール化合物の精製方法。
(A) 前記ポリエチレングリコール化合物の水溶液であって、pHが8~11の弱アルカリ性水溶液を調製する工程
(B) 前記工程(A)で得られた前記水溶液と混合有機溶剤とを15℃以上、50℃以下の温度で混合し、有機層と水層とに分層させ、この際前記混合有機溶剤における有機溶剤Iの比率が25~60質量%であり、有機溶剤IIの比率が75~40質量%であり、前記有機溶剤Iが、トルエン、キシレン、酢酸メチル、酢酸エチルおよび酢酸ブチルからなる群より選ばれる炭化水素系溶剤であり、前記有機溶剤IIが塩化メチレンおよびクロロホルムからなる群より選ばれるハロゲン化炭化水素系溶剤であり、前記有機溶剤Iの前記有機溶剤IIに対する混合比率(有機溶剤I/有機溶剤II)Y、前記混合時の温度T(℃)および前記ポリエチレングリコール化合物の重量平均分子量Mが、式(1)の関係を満足する抽出工程
3.11×10-6M+0.084≦Y-0.0135T≦-1.77×10-6M+0.404
・・ (1)
(C) 前記水層から前記ポリエチレングリコール化合物を回収する工程 - 前記工程(B)において、前記有機溶剤Iの前記有機溶剤IIに対する混合比率(有機溶剤I/有機溶剤II)Y、前記混合時の温度T(℃)および前記ポリエチレングリコール化合物の重量平均分子量Mが、式(2)の関係を満足することを特徴とする、請求項1記載の方法。
2.03×10-6M+0.175≦Y-0.0135T≦-1.77×10-6M+0.404
・・ (2) - 前記工程(B)において分層した前記水層に対して、前記抽出工程(B)を複数回実施することを特徴とする、請求項1または2記載の方法。
- 前記工程(A)において、前記弱アルカリ性水溶液が緩衝剤を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1~3のいずれか一つの請求項に記載の方法。
- 前記工程(A)において、前記緩衝剤が、ナトリウム、カリウム、リチウムおよびアンモニウムからなる群より選ばれた1種以上の元素の有機塩および無機塩からなる群より選ばれた1種以上の塩であることを特徴とする、請求項4記載の方法。
- 前記工程(B)において、前記有機溶剤Iがトルエンを含むことを特徴とする、請求項1~5のいずれか一つの請求項に記載の方法。
- 前記工程(B)において、前記有機溶剤IIがクロロホルムを含むことを特徴とする、請求項1~6のいずれか一つの請求項に記載の方法。
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CN113646291B (zh) | 2019-03-29 | 2024-02-27 | 日油株式会社 | 异型单分散聚乙二醇衍生物的制备方法 |
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