WO2018173593A1 - 有機電界発光素子 - Google Patents
有機電界発光素子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018173593A1 WO2018173593A1 PCT/JP2018/005922 JP2018005922W WO2018173593A1 WO 2018173593 A1 WO2018173593 A1 WO 2018173593A1 JP 2018005922 W JP2018005922 W JP 2018005922W WO 2018173593 A1 WO2018173593 A1 WO 2018173593A1
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- Prior art keywords
- group
- carbon atoms
- substituted
- aromatic
- general formula
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbazole Natural products C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 125000000609 carbazolyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 86
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 61
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 56
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 56
- 125000006615 aromatic heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 44
- TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzothiophene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazine Chemical compound C1=CN=NN=C1 JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- -1 carbazole compound Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 16
- PJVZQNVOUCOJGE-CALCHBBNSA-N chembl289853 Chemical compound N1([C@H]2CC[C@H](O2)N2[C]3C=CC=CC3=C3C2=C11)C2=CC=C[CH]C2=C1C1=C3C(=O)N(C)C1=O PJVZQNVOUCOJGE-CALCHBBNSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- VVVPGLRKXQSQSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolo[3,2-c]carbazole Chemical group C1=CC=CC2=NC3=C4C5=CC=CC=C5N=C4C=CC3=C21 VVVPGLRKXQSQSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 108
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 25
- KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazine Chemical compound C1=CN=CC=N1 KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- XSCHRSMBECNVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoxaline Chemical compound N1=CC=NC2=CC=CC=C21 XSCHRSMBECNVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 19
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoquinoline Chemical compound C1=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 18
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 description 16
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzothiazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC=NC2=C1 IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoranthrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=C22)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-benzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=NC2=C1 HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 14
- CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrimidine Chemical compound C1=CN=CN=C1 CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenazine Natural products C1=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- PBMFSQRYOILNGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridazine Chemical compound C1=CC=NN=C1 PBMFSQRYOILNGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 11
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- CUFNKYGDVFVPHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azulene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC2=C1 CUFNKYGDVFVPHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- WDECIBYCCFPHNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chrysene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C=CC3=C21 WDECIBYCCFPHNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=CC3=CC=CC4=CC=C1C2=C43 BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- BZHCVCNZIJZMRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9h-pyridazino[3,4-b]indole Chemical compound N1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=N1 BZHCVCNZIJZMRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-indene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC=CC2=C1 YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- VPUGDVKSAQVFFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N coronene Chemical compound C1=C(C2=C34)C=CC3=CC=C(C=C3)C4=C4C3=CC=C(C=C3)C4=C2C3=C1 VPUGDVKSAQVFFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- RMBPEFMHABBEKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=C[CH]C=CC3=CC2=C1 RMBPEFMHABBEKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole Natural products CC1=CC=CC2=C1C=CN2 PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolenine Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=NC2=C1 RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-biphenylenemethane Natural products C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- JWVCLYRUEFBMGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinazoline Chemical compound N1=CN=CC2=CC=CC=C21 JWVCLYRUEFBMGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IFLREYGFSNHWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3C=C21 IFLREYGFSNHWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 8
- FLBAYUMRQUHISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,8-naphthyridine Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CN=C21 FLBAYUMRQUHISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- BAXOFTOLAUCFNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-indazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=NNC2=C1 BAXOFTOLAUCFNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- WTKZEGDFNFYCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazole Chemical compound C=1C=NNC=1 WTKZEGDFNFYCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiazole Chemical compound C1=CSC=N1 FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- WCZVZNOTHYJIEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cinnoline Chemical compound N1=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 WCZVZNOTHYJIEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 7
- WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxadiazole Chemical compound C1=CON=N1 WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 7
- BCMCBBGGLRIHSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzoxazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC=NC2=C1 BCMCBBGGLRIHSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZCQWOFVYLHDMMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxazole Chemical compound C1=COC=N1 ZCQWOFVYLHDMMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- SLGBZMMZGDRARJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triphenylene Natural products C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 SLGBZMMZGDRARJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- LFSXCDWNBUNEEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalazine Chemical compound C1=NN=CC2=CC=CC=C21 LFSXCDWNBUNEEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000005580 triphenylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 5
- XBDYBAVJXHJMNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydroanthracene Natural products C1=CC=C2C=C(CCCC3)C3=CC2=C1 XBDYBAVJXHJMNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CWRYPZZKDGJXCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N acenaphthene Chemical compound C1=CC(CC2)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 CWRYPZZKDGJXCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000295 emission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- SLIUAWYAILUBJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentacene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC5=CC=CC=C5C=C4C=C3C=C21 SLIUAWYAILUBJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001296 phosphorescence spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 4
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 3
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- DKHNGUNXLDCATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipyrazino[2,3-f:2',3'-h]quinoxaline-2,3,6,7,10,11-hexacarbonitrile Chemical compound C12=NC(C#N)=C(C#N)N=C2C2=NC(C#N)=C(C#N)N=C2C2=C1N=C(C#N)C(C#N)=N2 DKHNGUNXLDCATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- 150000004033 porphyrin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- VERMWGQSKPXSPZ-BUHFOSPRSA-N 1-[(e)-2-phenylethenyl]anthracene Chemical class C=1C=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C2C=1\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 VERMWGQSKPXSPZ-BUHFOSPRSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229940079865 intestinal antiinfectives imidazole derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonane Chemical group CCCCCCCCC BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007978 oxazole derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- MPQXHAGKBWFSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidophosphanium Chemical class [PH3]=O MPQXHAGKBWFSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000004986 phenylenediamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassiosodium Chemical compound [Na].[K] BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- JEXVQSWXXUJEMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazol-3-one Chemical class O=C1C=CN=N1 JEXVQSWXXUJEMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003219 pyrazolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003248 quinolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N stilbene Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005504 styryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940042055 systemic antimycotics triazole derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K tri(quinolin-8-yloxy)alumane Chemical class [Al+3].C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1 TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a delayed fluorescence emission type organic electroluminescence device (referred to as an organic EL device).
- Patent Document 1 discloses an organic EL element using a TTF (Triplet-Triplet Fusion) mechanism, which is one of delayed fluorescence mechanisms.
- TTF Triplet-Triplet Fusion
- the TTF mechanism uses the phenomenon that singlet excitons are generated by the collision of two triplet excitons, and it is theoretically thought that the internal quantum efficiency can be increased to 40%.
- the efficiency is lower than that of a phosphorescent organic EL element, further improvement in efficiency is required.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a delayed fluorescence emission type organic EL device using a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) mechanism.
- the TADF mechanism utilizes the phenomenon that reverse intersystem crossing from triplet excitons to singlet excitons occurs in materials where the energy difference between singlet and triplet levels is small. It is thought to be increased to 100%.
- TADF thermally activated delayed fluorescence
- Patent Document 2 and Non-Patent Document 1 disclose the use of an indolocarbazole compound as a TADF material.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a delayed fluorescence organic EL device using a carbazole linked compound as a host and a cyanobenzene compound as a light emitting material.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an organic EL device having high efficiency and high driving stability while having a low driving voltage in view of the above-described present situation.
- At least one light emitting layer is composed of a host material represented by the following general formula (1) and the general formula (2).
- An organic EL device comprising a thermally activated delayed fluorescent material represented by the formula:
- L 1 is an n-valent group.
- L 1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 36 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted carborane group, or an aromatic thereof.
- R 1 is independently hydrogen, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted carbon group having 3 to 36 carbon atoms. Two or three rings selected from aromatic heterocyclic groups, substituted or unsubstituted carborane groups, or aromatic hydrocarbon groups, aromatic heterocyclic groups, and carborane rings are connected. And at least one R 1 is a substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl group. n is an integer of 1 to 2.
- Z is a group represented by formula (2a)
- ring A in formula (2a) is an aromatic hydrocarbon ring represented by formula (2b)
- ring B is represented by formula (2c).
- L 2 is an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms or an aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms
- Ar 1 and Ar 2 are each independently substituted or unsubstituted carbon atoms having 6 to 30 carbon atoms.
- R 2 is independently an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms.
- a linked aromatic group constituted by linking two or three aromatic rings of an aromatic group selected from a cyclic group or the aromatic hydrocarbon group and the aromatic heterocyclic group.
- a represents an integer of 1 to 3
- b represents an integer of 0 to 3
- c and d independently represent an integer of 0 to 4
- j represents an integer of 0 to 2.
- L 2 may be a single bond.
- n 1 in the general formula (1).
- L 1 in the general formula (1) is a substituted or unsubstituted benzene, triazine, carbazole, dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene, carborane, or an aromatic hydrocarbon group formed by connecting two or three of these. , An aromatic heterocyclic group, a carborane group, or a linked ring group.
- General formula (1) is the following general formula (3a) or (3b).
- L 1 and n are synonymous with L 1 and n in the general formula (1), R 3 is hydrogen, an aromatic hydrocarbon group substituted or unsubstituted 6 to 18 carbon atoms, or a substituted or Represents an unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms.
- L 2 in the general formula (2) is an a + b valent L 2 is an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 carbon atoms.
- the light emitting layer can contain two or more types of host materials represented by the general formula (1).
- the difference between the excited singlet energy (S1) and the excited triplet energy (T1) of the thermally activated delayed fluorescent material is 0.2 eV or less, and the excited triplet energy (T1) of the host material is It is desirable that the excited singlet energy (S1) and the excited triplet energy (T1) of the thermally activated delayed fluorescence delayed fluorescent material be greater.
- the organic EL element of the present invention contains a specific thermally activated delayed fluorescent light-emitting material and a specific host material in the light emitting layer, it can be an organic EL element with a high driving efficiency and a long lifetime at a low driving voltage. .
- the organic EL device of the present invention has one or more light emitting layers between an anode and a cathode facing each other, and at least one of the light emitting layers is composed of the host material represented by the general formula (1) and the above general A thermally activated delayed fluorescent material (referred to as TADF material) represented by the formula (2) is contained.
- TADF material thermally activated delayed fluorescent material
- L 1 is an n-valent group.
- L 1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 36 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted carborane group, or these
- a linking ring group in which 2 to 6 rings are connected is represented.
- a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted carborane group, or 2 of these rings.
- a linking ring group in which ⁇ 3 are linked More preferably, a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted carborane group, or a ring thereof. Represents a linking ring group formed by linking two.
- the linking ring group is a ring (aromatic hydrocarbon ring, aromatic heterocycle or carborane ring) that is a skeleton of a group selected from an aromatic hydrocarbon group, an aromatic heterocyclic group, and a carborane group.
- the rings to be linked may be the same or different, and the structure thereof may be linear as shown in the formula (d) or may be branched as shown in the formula (e). .
- A1-A2-A3-A4 (d) A1 (A2) -A3 (A4) (e)
- the formulas (d) and (e) are linked ring compounds in which four rings are linked, and in the case of an n-valent group, it is understood that the group is generated by removing n hydrogen from this.
- the ring excluding hydrogen may be any of A1, A2, A3, and A4.
- A1, A2, A3 and A4 are each independently an aromatic hydrocarbon ring, an aromatic heterocycle or a carborane ring, and may be composed of only one of them or two or more of them.
- the linking ring group can have a substituent, which is understood to be a substituent that the corresponding aromatic hydrocarbon group, aromatic heterocyclic group, and carborane group may have.
- the unsubstituted carborane group is a divalent group selected from the following formulas (4a), (4b), and (4c) of C 2 B 10 H 10 .
- L 1 examples include benzene, naphthalene, azulene, anthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, chrysene, naphthacene, triphenylene, acenaphthene, coronene, indene, fluorene, fluoranthrene, tetracene, pentacene, furan, dibenzofuran, thiophene, dibenzothiophene.
- Preferred examples include a group formed by taking n hydrogens from benzene, dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene, pyridine, pyrimidine, triazine, carbazole, carborane, or a linked ring compound formed by linking these two to three. More preferably, a group formed by taking n hydrogens from benzene, triazine, dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene, carbazole, carborane, or a linked ring compound formed by connecting two of these.
- the aromatic hydrocarbon group, aromatic heterocyclic group, carborane group, and linking ring group may have a substituent.
- substituent for L 1 include an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms and an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms include methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, heptyl group, octyl group and the like.
- the above alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms is represented as —OY, and examples of Y include the above alkyl. Specific examples include a methoxy group and an ethoxy group.
- R 1 is independently hydrogen, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted carbon group having 3 to 36 carbon atoms. It represents an aromatic heterocyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted carborane group, or a linked ring group formed by connecting 2 to 3 of these rings.
- At least one of R 1 preferably represents 1 to 4, more preferably 1 to 2 represents a substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl group.
- the substituent can be the same as the substituent when R 1 described later has a substituent, and in addition to an alkyl group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group, or an aromatic group It may be a heterocyclic group.
- aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms include methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, heptyl group, octyl group and the like.
- aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms examples include benzene, naphthalene, azulene, anthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, chrysene, naphthacene, and triphenylene.
- a group formed by removing one hydrogen from a linked ring compound More preferably, a group formed by taking one hydrogen from benzene, pyridine, pyrimidine, triazine, carborane, carbazole, or a linked ring compound formed by connecting two of these is exemplified.
- R 1 When R 1 is an aromatic hydrocarbon group, an aromatic heterocyclic group, or a linking ring group, it can have a substituent.
- substituents include an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, and 3 to There are 18 aromatic heterocyclic groups.
- An aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms and an aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms are preferable.
- aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms and the aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms include benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, chrysene, triphenylene, fluorene, and fluoranthrene.
- a group formed by taking one hydrogen from benzene, dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene, carbazole and the like can be mentioned. More preferably, it is a phenyl group or a carbazolyl group.
- carborane group is the same as the specific examples in L 1 .
- Part or all of the hydrogen in the compound represented by the general formula (1) may be substituted with deuterium.
- each R 3 is independently hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms.
- Z is a group represented by the formula (2a)
- the ring A in the formula (2a) is an aromatic hydrocarbon ring represented by the formula (2b)
- the ring B is a formula A ring represented by (2c), wherein ring A and ring B are each fused with an adjacent ring at an arbitrary position; Since the skeleton of Z is an indolocarbazole ring, it can be said that the compound represented by the general formula (2) is an indolocarbazole compound.
- a represents an integer of 1 to 3, preferably an integer of 1 to 2, and more preferably an integer of 1.
- b represents an integer of 0 to 3, preferably an integer of 0 to 2.
- a + b is in the range of 1-6, preferably 1-4.
- c and d independently represent an integer of 0 to 4, and j represents an integer of 0 to 2.
- L 2 is an a + b valent group.
- L 2 is an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms or an aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms. Preferred is an aromatic hydrocarbon having 3 to 18 carbon atoms, and more preferred is an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 carbon atoms.
- the aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 carbon atoms is a group generated by removing H from benzene, and includes a case of a divalent or higher valent group.
- L 2 can be a single bond.
- L 2 examples include benzene, naphthalene, azulene, anthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, chrysene, naphthacene, triphenylene, acenaphthene, coronene, indene, fluorene, fluoranthrene, tetracene, pentacene, furan, dibenzofuran, thiophene, dibenzothiophene.
- a group formed by taking a + b hydrogen atoms from benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, triphenylenefluorene, or the like can be used. More preferably, it is a phenylene group.
- Ar 1 and Ar 2 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms, or the aromatic hydrocarbon
- it is a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 15 carbon atoms, or the aromatic hydrocarbon group and the aromatic heterocyclic group.
- a linked aromatic group constituted by connecting 2 to 4 aromatic rings of an aromatic group selected from cyclic groups.
- the linked aromatic group constituted by connecting 2 to 4 aromatic rings of an aromatic group selected from a heterocyclic group.
- Ar 1 and Ar 2 are linked aromatic groups
- the linked aromatic rings may be the same or different, and may be linear or branched.
- the explanation of the linked aromatic group is referred to except that the carborane ring is excluded from the ring such as the aromatic ring to be linked.
- Ar 1 and Ar 2 include benzene, naphthalene, azulene, anthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, chrysene, naphthacene, triphenylene, acenaphthene, coronene, indene, fluorene, fluoranthrene, tetracene, pentacene, furan, dibenzofuran, thiophene.
- benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, fluorene, furan, dibenzofuran, thiophene, dibenzothiophene, pyridine, pyridazine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, triazine, benzimidazole, oxadiazole, triazole, imidazole, pyrazole, thiazole, indole, indazole , Benzimidazole, benzothiazole, benzoxazole, quinoxaline, quinazoline, cinnoline, quinoline, isoquinoline, phthalazine, naphthyridine, carbazole, carboline, diazacarbazole, or a linked aromatic compound composed of 2 to 4 of these Examples include groups formed by taking one hydrogen.
- benzene More preferably, one of benzene, naphthalene, dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene, pyridine, pyridazine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, triazine, quinoline, isoquinoline, carbazole, or a linked aromatic compound formed by linking these two to four. Examples include groups formed by taking hydrogen.
- Ar 1 and Ar 2 are an aromatic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic heterocyclic group, they can have a substituent.
- Ar 1 and Ar 2 have a substituent, there are an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms and an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms. In the case of a linked aromatic group, it can have a substituent as well.
- R 2 represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms, Alternatively, it is a linked aromatic group constituted by connecting 2 to 3 aromatic rings of an aromatic group selected from the aromatic hydrocarbon group and the aromatic heterocyclic group.
- the substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, the substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 15 carbon atoms, or the aromatic hydrocarbon group and the aromatic heterocyclic ring A linked aromatic group constituted by connecting two aromatic rings of an aromatic group selected from a group.
- aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms include methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, heptyl group, octyl group, nonane group, decane group and the like. Can be mentioned.
- aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms or the aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms include benzene, naphthalene, azulene, anthracene, phenanthrene, fluorene, dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene, pyridine, Pyridazine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, triazine, benzimidazole, oxadiazole, triazole, imidazole, pyrazole, thiazole, indole, indazole, benzimidazole, benzothiazole, benzoxazole, quinoxaline, quinazoline, cinnoline, quinoline, isoquinoline, phthalazine, naphthyridine, And a group formed by taking one hydrogen from carbazole, carboline, diazacarbazole and the like.
- R 2 is an aromatic hydrocarbon group, an aromatic heterocyclic group, or a linked aromatic group, it can have a substituent.
- R 2 has a substituent, they are an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms and an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- the compound represented by the general formula (1) is referred to as a host material, and the compound represented by the general formula (2) is referred to as a thermally activated delayed fluorescent material (TADF material).
- TADF material thermally activated delayed fluorescent material
- the difference ( ⁇ E) between the excited singlet energy (S1) and the excited triplet energy (T1) of the TADF material is preferably 0.2 eV or less, and more preferably 0 to 0.15 eV. Satisfying the above results in an excellent TADF material. However, when ⁇ E is increased to 0.3 eV or more, it becomes difficult to exhibit the function as a TADF material. Further, if the excited triplet energy (T1) of the host material is greater than the excited singlet energy (S1) and excited triplet energy (T1) of the TADF material, the function as a host is improved.
- the characteristics of the organic EL element can be improved by containing two or more kinds of host materials.
- at least one host material is a compound represented by the general formula (1).
- a 1st host is a compound represented by General formula (1).
- the second host is preferably a compound having a singlet energy (S1) larger than that of the first host, and both of these are more preferably compounds represented by the general formula (1).
- S1 and T1 are measured as follows.
- a sample compound is deposited on a quartz substrate by a vacuum deposition method under a vacuum degree of 10 ⁇ 4 Pa or less to form a deposited film with a thickness of 100 nm.
- the emission spectrum of this deposited film is measured, a tangent line is drawn with respect to the rising edge of the emission spectrum on the short wavelength side, and the wavelength value ⁇ edge [nm] at the intersection of the tangent line and the horizontal axis is expressed by the following equation (i) Substitute and calculate S1.
- S1 [eV] 1239.85 / ⁇ edge (i)
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a structural example of a general organic EL device used in the present invention, wherein 1 is a substrate, 2 is an anode, 3 is a hole injection layer, 4 is a hole transport layer, and 5 is a light emitting layer. , 6 represents an electron transport layer, and 7 represents a cathode.
- the organic EL device of the present invention may have an exciton blocking layer adjacent to the light emitting layer, or may have an electron blocking layer between the light emitting layer and the hole injection layer.
- the exciton blocking layer can be inserted on either the cathode side or the cathode side of the light emitting layer, or both can be inserted simultaneously.
- the organic EL device of the present invention has an anode, a light emitting layer, and a cathode as essential layers, but preferably has a hole injecting and transporting layer and an electron injecting and transporting layer in addition to the essential layers, and further has a light emitting layer and an electron injecting layer. It is preferable to have a hole blocking layer between the transport layers.
- the hole injection / transport layer means either or both of a hole injection layer and a hole transport layer
- the electron injection / transport layer means either or both of an electron injection layer and an electron transport layer.
- the structure opposite to that shown in FIG. 1, that is, the cathode 7, the electron transport layer 6, the light emitting layer 5, the hole transport layer 4 and the anode 2 can be laminated in this order on the substrate 1. Addition and omission are possible.
- the organic EL element of the present invention is preferably supported on a substrate.
- the substrate is not particularly limited, and any substrate that has been conventionally used for an organic EL element can be used.
- a substrate made of glass, transparent plastic, quartz, or the like can be used.
- anode material in the organic EL element a material made of a metal, an alloy, an electrically conductive compound or a mixture thereof having a high work function (4 eV or more) is preferably used.
- electrode materials include metals such as Au, and conductive transparent materials such as CuI, indium tin oxide (ITO), SnO 2 , and ZnO.
- conductive transparent materials such as CuI, indium tin oxide (ITO), SnO 2 , and ZnO.
- an amorphous material such as IDIXO (In 2 O 3 —ZnO) that can form a transparent conductive film may be used.
- these electrode materials may be formed into a thin film by a method such as vapor deposition or sputtering, and a pattern having a desired shape may be formed by a photolithography method, or the pattern accuracy is not required (about 100 ⁇ m or more). May form a pattern through a mask having a desired shape at the time of vapor deposition or sputtering of the electrode material. Or when using the substance which can be apply
- the transmittance be greater than 10%
- the sheet resistance as the anode is preferably several hundred ⁇ / ⁇ or less.
- the film thickness depends on the material, it is usually selected in the range of 10 to 1000 nm, preferably 10 to 200 nm.
- the cathode material a material made of a metal having a small work function (4 eV or less) (referred to as an electron injecting metal), an alloy, an electrically conductive compound or a mixture thereof is used.
- an electron injecting metal a material made of a metal having a small work function (4 eV or less) (referred to as an electron injecting metal), an alloy, an electrically conductive compound or a mixture thereof.
- electrode materials include sodium, sodium-potassium alloy, magnesium, lithium, magnesium / copper mixture, magnesium / silver mixture, magnesium / aluminum mixture, magnesium / indium mixture, aluminum / aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) Mixtures, indium, lithium / aluminum mixtures, rare earth metals and the like.
- a mixture of an electron injecting metal and a second metal which is a stable metal having a larger work function value than this such as a magnesium / silver mixture, magnesium, from the viewpoint of electron injectability and durability against oxidation, etc.
- a magnesium / silver mixture, magnesium from the viewpoint of electron injectability and durability against oxidation, etc.
- Aluminum mixtures, magnesium / indium mixtures, aluminum / aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) mixtures, lithium / aluminum mixtures, aluminum and the like are preferred.
- the cathode can be produced by forming a thin film of these cathode materials by a method such as vapor deposition or sputtering.
- the sheet resistance of the cathode is preferably several hundred ⁇ / ⁇ or less, and the film thickness is usually selected in the range of 10 nm to 5 ⁇ m, preferably 50 to 200 nm.
- the light emission luminance is improved, which is convenient.
- a transparent or translucent cathode can be produced by forming the conductive transparent material mentioned in the description of the anode on the cathode.
- an element in which both the anode and the cathode are transmissive can be manufactured.
- the light emitting layer is a layer that emits light after excitons are generated by recombination of holes and electrons injected from the anode and the cathode, respectively.
- both the thermally activated delayed fluorescent material represented by the general formula (2) and the host material represented by the general formula (1) are used.
- a characteristic can also be improved by containing 2 or more types of host materials. When two or more kinds of host materials are contained, at least one kind may be a host material selected from the compounds represented by the general formula (1).
- the content of the organic light-emitting dopant material composed of the thermally activated delayed fluorescent material is preferably 0.1 to 50 wt%, more preferably 1 to 30 wt% with respect to the host material. Since the device of the present invention utilizes TADF, no phosphorescent dopant material is used.
- the host material in the light emitting layer it is preferable to use the compound represented by the general formula (1).
- a plurality of host materials may be used in combination.
- at least one type of host material is preferably selected from the compounds represented by the general formula (1).
- the host materials represented by the general formula (1) it is a compound having a hole transport ability and an electron transport ability and a high glass transition temperature, and has a T1 larger than the light emitting dopant materials S1 and T1. It is preferable to have.
- each host can be deposited from different deposition sources, or multiple types of hosts can be deposited simultaneously from one deposition source by premixing before deposition to form a premix. it can.
- the injection layer is a layer provided between the electrode and the organic layer for lowering the driving voltage and improving the luminance of light emission.
- the injection layer can be provided as necessary.
- the hole blocking layer has a function of an electron transport layer in a broad sense, and is made of a hole blocking material that has a function of transporting electrons and has a remarkably small ability to transport holes. The probability of recombination of electrons and holes in the light emitting layer can be improved by preventing the above.
- a known hole blocking layer material can also be used for the hole blocking layer.
- the electron blocking layer has the function of a hole transport layer in a broad sense. By blocking electrons while transporting holes, the probability of recombination of electrons and holes in the light emitting layer can be improved. .
- the material for the electron blocking layer a known electron blocking layer material can be used, and the material for the hole transport layer described later can be used as necessary.
- the thickness of the electron blocking layer is preferably 3 to 100 nm, more preferably 5 to 30 nm.
- a compound represented by the general formula (1) can also be used.
- the exciton blocking layer is a layer for preventing excitons generated by recombination of holes and electrons in the light emitting layer from diffusing into the charge transport layer. It becomes possible to efficiently confine in the light emitting layer, and the light emission efficiency of the device can be improved.
- the exciton blocking layer can be inserted between two adjacent light emitting layers in an element in which two or more light emitting layers are adjacent.
- a known exciton blocking layer material can be used as the material for the exciton blocking layer.
- Examples thereof include 1,3-dicarbazolylbenzene (mCP) and bis (2-methyl-8-quinolinolato) -4-phenylphenolatoaluminum (III) (BAlq).
- the hole transport layer is made of a hole transport material having a function of transporting holes, and the hole transport layer can be provided as a single layer or a plurality of layers.
- the hole transport material has any of hole injection or transport and electron barrier properties, and may be either organic or inorganic.
- any known compound can be selected and used.
- Examples of such hole transport materials include porphyrin derivatives, arylamine derivatives, triazole derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, imidazole derivatives, polyarylalkane derivatives, pyrazoline derivatives and pyrazolone derivatives, phenylenediamine derivatives, arylamine derivatives, amino-substituted chalcone derivatives.
- Porphyrin derivatives, arylamine derivatives, and styryl It is preferable to use an amine derivative, and it is more preferable to use an arylamine compound.
- the electron transport layer is made of a material having a function of transporting electrons, and the electron transport layer can be provided as a single layer or a plurality of layers.
- an electron transport material (which may also serve as a hole blocking material), it is sufficient if it has a function of transmitting electrons injected from the cathode to the light emitting layer.
- any known compound can be selected and used.
- polycyclic aromatic derivatives such as naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthroline, tris (8-quinolinolato) aluminum (III) Derivatives, phosphine oxide derivatives, nitro-substituted fluorene derivatives, diphenylquinone derivatives, thiopyrandioxide derivatives, carbodiimides, fluorenylidenemethane derivatives, anthraquinodimethane and anthrone derivatives, bipyridine derivatives, quinoline derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, benzimidazoles Derivatives, benzothiazole derivatives, indolocarbazole derivatives and the like.
- the method for forming each layer when producing the organic EL device of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be produced by either a dry process or a wet process.
- Table 1 shows S1, T1, and S1-T1 ( ⁇ E) of the compounds used in the examples.
- the fluorescence lifetime of compound 2-120 was measured.
- the compound 2-120 and the compound 1-10 are vapor-deposited from different vapor deposition sources on a quartz substrate by a vacuum vapor deposition method under a vacuum degree of 10 ⁇ 4 Pa or less, and the concentration of the compound 2-120 is 15% by weight.
- a co-deposited film was formed with a thickness of 100 nm.
- the emission spectrum of this thin film was measured, and light emission having a peak at 483 nm was confirmed.
- the emission lifetime was measured with a small fluorescence lifetime measurement apparatus (Quantaurus-tau manufactured by Hamamatsu Photonics) under a nitrogen atmosphere.
- Example 1 Each thin film was laminated at a vacuum degree of 4.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 Pa by a vacuum deposition method on a glass substrate on which an anode made of ITO having a thickness of 70 nm was formed.
- HAT-CN was formed to a thickness of 10 nm on ITO as a hole injection layer, and then a compound (HT-1) was formed to a thickness of 25 nm as a hole transport layer.
- the compound (1-117) was formed to a thickness of 5 nm as an electron blocking layer.
- the compound (1-28) as a host and the compound (2-50) as a dopant were co-deposited from different vapor deposition sources to form a light emitting layer with a thickness of 30 nm.
- the co-evaporation was performed under the deposition conditions in which the concentration of the compound (2-50) was 15 wt%.
- a compound (ET-2) was formed to a thickness of 5 nm as a hole blocking layer.
- ET-1 was formed to a thickness of 40 nm as an electron transport layer.
- lithium fluoride (LiF) was formed to a thickness of 1 nm as an electron injection layer on the electron transport layer.
- aluminum (Al) was formed as a cathode to a thickness of 70 nm on the electron injection layer, and an organic EL device was produced.
- Examples 2 to 10, Examples 12 to 14, Comparative Examples 1 to 3 An organic EL device was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the compounds shown in Table 2 were used as the host and dopant in Example 1.
- Example 11 Each thin film was laminated at a vacuum degree of 4.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 Pa by a vacuum deposition method on a glass substrate on which an anode made of ITO having a thickness of 70 nm was formed.
- HAT-CN was formed to a thickness of 10 nm on ITO as a hole injection layer, and then a compound (HT-1) was formed to a thickness of 25 nm as a hole transport layer.
- the compound (1-117) was formed to a thickness of 5 nm as an electron blocking layer.
- the compound (1-10) as a host, the compound (1-42) as a second host, and the compound (2-120) as a dopant are co-deposited from different deposition sources, and the light emitting layer has a thickness of 30 nm. Formed.
- the co-evaporation was performed under the vapor deposition conditions in which the concentration of the compound (2-120) was 15 wt% and the weight ratio of the host to the second host was 50:50.
- a compound (ET-2) was formed to a thickness of 5 nm as a hole blocking layer.
- ET-1 was formed to a thickness of 40 nm as an electron transport layer.
- lithium fluoride (LiF) was formed to a thickness of 1 nm as an electron injection layer on the electron transport layer.
- aluminum (Al) was formed as a cathode to a thickness of 70 nm on the electron injection layer, and an organic EL device was produced.
- Table 3 shows the maximum wavelength of the emission spectrum, the external quantum efficiency (EQE), the voltage, and the device lifetime of the produced organic EL device.
- Maximum wavelength, EQE, and voltage are values when the drive current density is 2.5 mA / cm 2 , and are initial characteristics. The lifetime was the time it took for the luminance to decay to 95% of the initial luminance at a constant current density of 2.5 mA / cm 2 .
- Examples 1 to 14 using the host represented by the general formula (1) and the dopant represented by the general formula (2) in the light emitting layer are comparative examples using mCP generally used as a host. It can be seen that it has high luminous efficiency and excellent lifetime characteristics as compared with 1-2. Further, Examples 1 to 14 in which the host represented by the general formula (1) and the dopant represented by the general formula (2) are used in the light emitting layer are compared with Comparative Example 3 in which a cyanobenzene compound is used as the dopant. It can be seen that it has excellent life characteristics.
- the organic EL element of the present invention is an organic EL element with high luminous efficiency and long life.
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Abstract
Description
近年では、燐光型有機EL素子の長寿命化技術が進展し、携帯電話等のディスプレイへ応用されつつある。しかしながら青色の有機EL素子に関しては、実用的な燐光発光型の有機EL素子は開発されておらず、高効率であり、且つ長寿命な青色有機EL素子の開発が求められている。
1) 一般式(1)におけるn = 1であること。2) 一般式(1)におけるL1が、置換若しくは未置換の、ベンゼン、トリアジン、カルバゾール、ジベンゾフラン、ジベンゾチオフェン、カルボラン、又はこれらが2~3個連結した連結環化合物から生じる芳香族炭化水素基、芳香族複素環基、カルボラン基、又は連結環基であること。3) 一般式(1)が、下記一般式(3a)、又は(3b)であること。
(ここで、L1及びnは、一般式(1)のL1及びnと同意であり、R3は水素、置換若しくは未置換の炭素数6~18の芳香族炭化水素基、又は置換若しくは未置換の炭素数3~18の芳香族複素環基を表す。)
4) 一般式(2)におけるL2がa+b価のL2が炭素数6の芳香族炭化水素基であること。
一般式(1)で表される化合物は2個以上のカルバゾール環を有するので、カルバゾール化合物ということができる。L1は、n価の基である。
L1は、置換若しくは未置換の炭素数6~30の芳香族炭化水素基、置換若しくは未置換の炭素数3~36の芳香族複素環基、置換基若しくは未置換のカルボラン基、又はこれらの環が2~6個連結した連結環基を表す。好ましくは、置換若しくは未置換の単環の芳香族炭化水素基、置換基若しくは未置換の炭素数3~12の芳香族複素環基、置換基若しくは未置換のカルボラン基、又はこれらの環が2~3個連結した連結環基である。より好ましくは、置換若しくは未置換の単環の芳香族炭化水素基、置換基若しくは未置換の炭素数3~12の芳香族複素環基、置換基若しくは未置換のカルボラン基、又はこれらの環が2個連結して構成される連結環基を表す。
A1-A2-A3-A4 (d)
A1(A2)-A3(A4) (e)
式(d)、(e)は4個の環が連結した連結環化合物であり、n価の基の場合は、これからn個の水素を除いて生じる基であるあると解される。水素を除く環は、A1、A2、A3、A4のいずれでもよい。また、A1、A2、A3、A4は、独立に芳香族炭化水素環、芳香族複素環又はカルボラン環であり、これらの1種だけであっても、2種以上で構成されていてもよい。連結環基は、置換基を有することができ、これは対応する芳香族炭化水素基、芳香族複素環基、及びカルボラン基が有し得る置換基であると解される。
R1が置換基を有する場合、置換基としては炭素数1~8の脂肪族炭化水素基、炭素数1~8のアルコキシ基、炭素数6~18の芳香族炭化水素基、炭素数3~18の芳香族複素環基がある。好ましくは、炭素数6~12の芳香族炭化水素基、炭素数3~12の芳香族複素環基である。
一般式(2)におて、Zは式(2a)で表される基であり、式(2a)中環Aは式(2b)で表される芳香族炭化水素環であり、環Bは式(2c)で表される複素環であり、環A及び環Bはそれぞれ隣接する環と任意の位置で縮合する。Zの骨格は、インドロカルバゾール環であるので、一般式(2)で表される化合物は、インドロカルバゾール化合物であるということができる。
cとdは独立に0~4の整数を表し、j は0~2の整数を表す。
L2は炭素数6~30の芳香族炭化水素基又は炭素数3~18の芳香族複素環基である。好ましくは、炭素数3~18の芳香族炭化水素であり、より好ましくは、炭素数6の芳香族炭化水素基である。ここで、炭素数6の芳香族炭化水素基はベンゼンからHを除いて生じる基であり、2価以上の基である場合を含む。また、a+bが2である場合は、L2は単結合であることができる。
また、上記ホスト材料の励起三重項エネルギー(T1)が、上記TADF材料の励起一重項エネルギー(S1)及び励起三重項エネルギー(T1)より大きいものとすれば、ホストとしての機能が向上する。
石英基板上に真空蒸着法にて、真空度10-4Pa以下の条件にて試料化合物を蒸着し、蒸着膜を100nmの厚さで形成する。この蒸着膜の発光スペクトルを測定し、この発光スペクトルの短波長側の立ち上がりに対して接線を引き、その接線と横軸の交点の波長値λedge[nm]を、次に示す式(i)に代入してS1を算出する。
S1[eV] = 1239.85/λedge (i)
T1[eV] = 1239.85/λedge (ii)
本発明の有機EL素子は、基板に支持されていることが好ましい。この基板については特に制限はなく、従来から有機EL素子に用いられているものであれば良く、例えばガラス、透明プラスチック、石英等からなるものを用いることができる。
有機EL素子における陽極材料としては、仕事関数の大きい(4eV以上)金属、合金、電気伝導性化合物又はこれらの混合物からなる材料が好ましく用いられる。このような電極材料の具体例としてはAu等の金属、CuI、インジウムチンオキシド(ITO)、SnO2、ZnO等の導電性透明材料が挙げられる。また、IDIXO(In2O3-ZnO)等の非晶質で、透明導電膜を作成可能な材料を用いてもよい。陽極はこれらの電極材料を蒸着やスパッタリング等の方法により、薄膜を形成させ、フォトリソグラフィー法で所望の形状のパターンを形成しても良く、あるいはパターン精度をあまり必要としない場合(100μm以上程度)は、上記電極材料の蒸着やスパッタリング時に所望の形状のマスクを介してパターンを形成してもよい。あるいは有機導電性化合物のような塗布可能な物質を用いる場合には印刷方式、コーティング方式等湿式成膜法を用いることもできる。この陽極より発光を取り出す場合には、透過率を10%より大きくすることが望ましく、また陽極としてのシート抵抗は数百Ω/□以下が好ましい。膜厚は材料にもよるが、通常10~1000nm、好ましくは10~200nmの範囲で選ばれる。
一方、陰極材料としては仕事関数の小さい(4eV以下)金属(電子注入性金属と称する)、合金、電気伝導性化合物又はこれらの混合物からなる材料が用いられる。このような電極材料の具体例としては、ナトリウム、ナトリウム―カリウム合金、マグネシウム、リチウム、マグネシウム/銅混合物、マグネシウム/銀混合物、マグネシウム/アルミニウム混合物、マグネシウム/インジウム混合物、アルミニウム/酸化アルミニウム(Al2O3)混合物、インジウム、リチウム/アルミニウム混合物、希土類金属等が挙げられる。これらの中で、電子注入性及び酸化等に対する耐久性の点から、電子注入性金属とこれより仕事関数の値が大きく安定な金属である第二金属との混合物、例えばマグネシウム/銀混合物、マグネシウム/アルミニウム混合物、マグネシウム/インジウム混合物、アルミニウム/酸化アルミニウム(Al2O3)混合物、リチウム/アルミニウム混合物、アルミニウム等が好適である。陰極はこれらの陰極材料を蒸着やスパッタリング等の方法により薄膜を形成させることにより、作製することができる。また、陰極としてシート抵抗は数百Ω/□以下が好ましく、膜厚は通常10nm~5μm、好ましくは50~200nmの範囲で選ばれる。なお、発光した光を透過させるため、有機EL素子の陽極又は陰極のいずれか一方が透明又は半透明であれば発光輝度は向上し、好都合である。
発光層は陽極及び陰極のそれぞれから注入された正孔及び電子が再結合することにより励起子が生成した後、発光する層である。発光層には、一般式(2)で表される熱活性化遅延蛍光発光材料と一般式(1)で表されるホスト材料を共に使用する。また、2種以上のホスト材料を含有することで、特性を改良することもできる。2種以上のホスト材料を含有する場合、少なくとも1種は、一般式(1)で表される化合物から選ばれるホスト材料であることがよい。
本発明の素子は、TADFを利用するものであるので、燐光発光性のドーパント材料は使用されない。
注入層とは、駆動電圧低下や発光輝度向上のために電極と有機層間に設けられる層のことで、正孔注入層と電子注入層があり、陽極と発光層又は正孔輸送層の間、及び陰極と発光層又は電子輸送層との間に存在させてもよい。注入層は必要に応じて設けることができる。
正孔阻止層とは広い意味では電子輸送層の機能を有し、電子を輸送する機能を有しつつ正孔を輸送する能力が著しく小さい正孔阻止材料からなり、電子を輸送しつつ正孔を阻止することで発光層中での電子と正孔の再結合確率を向上させることができる。
電子阻止層とは広い意味では正孔輸送層の機能を有し、正孔を輸送しつつ電子を阻止することで発光層中での電子と正孔が再結合する確率を向上させることができる。
励起子阻止層とは、発光層内で正孔と電子が再結合することにより生じた励起子が電荷輸送層に拡散することを阻止するための層であり、本層の挿入により励起子を効率的に発光層内に閉じ込めることが可能となり、素子の発光効率を向上させることができる。励起子阻止層は2つ以上の発光層が隣接する素子において、隣接する2つの発光層の間に挿入することができる。
正孔輸送層とは正孔を輸送する機能を有する正孔輸送材料からなり、正孔輸送層は単層又は複数層設けることができる。
電子輸送層とは電子を輸送する機能を有する材料からなり、電子輸送層は単層又は複数層設けることができる。
化合物2-120の蛍光寿命を測定した。石英基板上に真空蒸着法にて、真空度10-4Pa以下の条件にて化合物2-120と化合物1-10を異なる蒸着源から蒸着し、化合物2-120の濃度が15重量%である共蒸着膜を100nmの厚さで形成した。この薄膜の発光スペクトルを測定し、483nmをピークとする発光が確認された。また、窒素雰囲気下で小型蛍光寿命測定装置(浜松ホトニクス社製Quantaurus-tau)により発光寿命を測定した。励起寿命が12nsの蛍光と13μsの遅延蛍光が観測され、化合物2-120が遅延蛍光発光を示す化合物であることが確認された。
化合物2-50、2-91、2-178についても、上記と同様に蛍光寿命を測定したところ、遅延蛍光が観測され、遅延蛍光発光を示す材料であることが確認された。
膜厚70nmのITOからなる陽極が形成されたガラス基板上に、各薄膜を真空蒸着法にて、真空度4.0×10-5Paで積層した。まず、ITO上に正孔注入層としてHAT-CNを10nmの厚さに形成し、次に正孔輸送層として化合物(HT-1)を25nmの厚さに形成した。次に、電子阻止層として化合物(1-117)を5nmの厚さに形成した。そして、ホストとして化合物(1-28)を、ドーパントとして化合物(2-50)をそれぞれ異なる蒸着源から共蒸着し、30nmの厚さに発光層を形成した。この時、化合物(2-50)の濃度が15wt%となる蒸着条件で共蒸着した。次に、正孔阻止層として化合物(ET-2)を5nmの厚さに形成した。次に電子輸送層としてET-1を40nmの厚さに形成した。更に、電子輸送層上に電子注入層としてフッ化リチウム(LiF)を1nmの厚さに形成した。最後に、電子注入層上に、陰極としてアルミニウム(Al)を70nmの厚さに形成し、有機EL素子を作製した。
実施例1において、ホスト及びドーパントを表2に示す化合物とした他は、実施例1と同様にして有機EL素子を作製した。
膜厚70nmのITOからなる陽極が形成されたガラス基板上に、各薄膜を真空蒸着法にて、真空度4.0×10-5Paで積層した。まず、ITO上に正孔注入層としてHAT-CNを10nmの厚さに形成し、次に正孔輸送層として化合物(HT-1)を25nmの厚さに形成した。次に、電子阻止層として化合物(1-117)を5nmの厚さに形成した。次に、ホストとして化合物(1-10)を、第2ホストとして化合物(1-42)を、ドーパントとして化合物(2-120)をそれぞれ異なる蒸着源から共蒸着し、30nmの厚さに発光層を形成した。この時、化合物(2-120)の濃度が15wt%、ホストと第2ホストの重量比が50:50となる蒸着条件で共蒸着した。次に、正孔阻止層として化合物(ET-2)を5nmの厚さに形成した。次に電子輸送層としてET-1を40nmの厚さに形成した。更に、電子輸送層上に電子注入層としてフッ化リチウム(LiF)を1nmの厚さに形成した。最後に、電子注入層上に、陰極としてアルミニウム(Al)を70nmの厚さに形成し、有機EL素子を作製した。
Claims (7)
- 対向する陽極と陰極の間に、1つ以上の発光層を含む有機電界発光素子において、少なくとも1つの発光層に下記一般式(1)で表されるホスト材料と、下記一般式(2)で表される熱活性化遅延蛍光発光材料を含むことを特徴とする有機電界発光素子。
ここでL1は、置換若しくは未置換の炭素数6~30の芳香族炭化水素基、置換若しくは未置換の炭素数3~36の芳香族複素環基、置換若しくは未置換のカルボラン基、又はこれらの芳香族炭化水素基、芳香族複素環基、カルボラン基の環から選ばれる何れかの環が2~6個連結して構成される連結環基である。R1は、それぞれ独立に、水素、炭素数1~8の脂肪族炭化水素基、置換若しくは未置換の炭素数6~30の芳香族炭化水素基、又は置換若しくは未置換の炭素数3~36芳香族複素環基、置換若しくは未置換のカルボラン基、又はこれらの芳香族炭化水素基、芳香族複素環基、カルボラン基の環が2~3個連結して構成される連結環基であり、少なくとも1つのR1は置換又は無置換のカルバゾリル基を表す。nは1~2の整数である。
ここで、Zは式(2a)で表される基であり、式(2a)中、環Aは式(2b)で表される芳香族炭化水素環であり、環Bは式(2c)で表される複素環であり、環A及び環Bはそれぞれ隣接する環と任意の位置で縮合する。L2は炭素数6~30の芳香族炭化水素基、又は炭素数3~18の芳香族複素環基であり、a+bが2の場合は、L2は単結合であってもよい。Ar1とAr2はそれぞれ独立に置換若しくは未置換の炭素数6~30の芳香族炭化水素基、置換若しくは未置換の炭素数3~18の芳香族複素環基、又は該芳香族炭化水素基及び該芳香族複素環基から選ばれる芳香族基の芳香族環が2~6個連結して構成される連結芳香族基である。R2は、独立に炭素数1~10の脂肪族炭化水素基、置換若しくは未置換の炭素数6~18の芳香族炭化水素基、又は置換若しくは未置換の炭素数3~18の芳香族複素環基、又は該芳香族炭化水素基及び該芳香族複素環基から選ばれる芳香族基の芳香族環が2~3個連結して構成される連結芳香族基である。aは1~3の整数を表し、bは0~3の整数を表し、cとdは独立に0~4の整数を表し、jは0~2の整数を表す。 - 一般式(1)において、n = 1であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の有機電界発光素子。
- 一般式(1)において、L1が、置換若しくは未置換の、ベンゼン、トリアジン、カルバゾール、ジベンゾフラン、ジベンゾチオフェン、カルボラン、又はこれらが2~3個連結した連結環化合物から生じる基であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の有機電界発光素子。
- 一般式(2)において、L2が炭素数6の芳香族炭化水素基であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の有機電界発光素子。
- 発光層中に、一般式(1)で表されるホスト材料を少なくとも2種類含有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の有機電界発光素子。
- 一般式(2)で表される熱活性化遅延蛍光発光材料の励起一重項エネルギー(S1)と励起三重項エネルギー(T1)の差が0.2eV以下であり、一般式(1)で表されるホスト材料の励起三重項エネルギー(T1)が一般式(2)で表される熱活性化遅延蛍光発光材料の励起一重項エネルギー(S1)及び励起三重項エネルギー(T1)より大きいことを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の有機電界発光素子。
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