WO2018135119A1 - スイッチング電源 - Google Patents

スイッチング電源 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018135119A1
WO2018135119A1 PCT/JP2017/041327 JP2017041327W WO2018135119A1 WO 2018135119 A1 WO2018135119 A1 WO 2018135119A1 JP 2017041327 W JP2017041327 W JP 2017041327W WO 2018135119 A1 WO2018135119 A1 WO 2018135119A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
secondary coil
switching element
current
biased
coil
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2017/041327
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
羽田　正二
Original Assignee
Ntn株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ntn株式会社 filed Critical Ntn株式会社
Priority to KR1020187018614A priority Critical patent/KR102449387B1/ko
Publication of WO2018135119A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018135119A1/ja

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H02M3/33592—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer having a synchronous rectifier circuit or a synchronous freewheeling circuit at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a forward type switching power supply.
  • Insulating switching power supplies that extract desired DC power from the secondary coil by turning on and off DC power input to the primary coil of the transformer by a switching element are well known.
  • a forward system in an insulating switching power supply is also well known.
  • an exciting current flows in the primary coil during the ON period of the switching element, a load current flows in the secondary coil according to the turns ratio by mutual induction, and a load current also flows in the primary coil correspondingly.
  • the load current of the secondary coil is output through an output diode and an external choke coil, and magnetizes the external choke coil to store magnetic energy.
  • an output current flows through the flywheel diode so as to release the magnetic energy stored in the external choke coil.
  • the forward method requires a reset circuit on the primary side of the transformer in order to release the magnetic energy accumulated in the transformer by the exciting current during the on period.
  • the reset circuit is generally configured by a diode, a capacitor, and a resistor, and there is also a configuration in which a reset coil is added to the primary coil, and various types of reset circuits are known (for example, Patent Document 1).
  • a reset circuit configured to regenerate the reset current to the input side is also known, but power cannot be sent to the secondary side.
  • an object of the present invention is to eliminate the need for a reset circuit in a forward-type switching power supply and to output magnetic energy stored in a transformer as secondary power.
  • the present invention provides the following configuration.
  • symbol in a parenthesis is a code
  • An aspect of the present invention is a switching power supply, A transformer (T), A switching element (Q) having a control end, which is driven on and off to conduct or cut off a current flowing through the primary coil (N1) of the transformer (T) by an input voltage; A choke coil (CH) connected between one end of the secondary coil (N2) of the transformer and the first output end (3); Connected between the other end of the secondary coil (N2) of the transformer (T) and the second output end (4), and occurs at the other end of the secondary coil (N2) when the switching element (Q) is turned on.
  • a transformer (T) A switching element (Q) having a control end, which is driven on and off to conduct or cut off a current flowing through the primary coil (N1) of the transformer (T) by an input voltage
  • a choke coil (CH) connected between one end of the secondary coil (N2) of the transformer and the first output end (3); Connected between the other end of the secondary coil (N2) of the transformer (T) and the second output end (4), and occurs at the
  • a first rectifier (D1) that is forward biased with respect to the potential and reversely biased with respect to the potential generated at the other end of the secondary coil (N2) when turned off; Connected between one end of the secondary coil (N2) of the transformer (T) and the second output end (4), and is generated at one end of the secondary coil (N2) when the switching element (Q) is turned on.
  • a second rectifier (D2) that is reverse-biased with respect to the potential and forward-biased with respect to the potential generated at one end of the secondary coil (N2) when turned off; The other end of the secondary coil (N2) is connected between the other end of the secondary coil (N2) of the transformer (T) and the first output end (3), and the switching element (Q) is turned on.
  • a third rectifying means (D3) which is reverse-biased with respect to the potential generated at the time and is forward-biased with respect to the potential generated at the other end of the secondary coil (N2) when turned off; And a smoothing capacitor (C) connected between the first output terminal (3) and the second output terminal (4).
  • the first rectifying means (D1), the second rectifying means (D2), and the third rectifying means (D3) are diodes.
  • Another aspect of the present invention is connected between the other end of the secondary coil (N2) of the transformer (T) and the second output end (4) instead of the first rectifying means (D1).
  • a second switching element (Q2) having a current path and a control end that is driven on and off to turn on or off the current flowing through the current path;
  • the second switching element (Q2) is preferably driven on / off in synchronization with the switching element (Q).
  • each of the second rectifying means (D2) and the third rectifying means (D3) is a diode.
  • the present invention adds a third rectifying means in addition to the rectifying means corresponding to the conventional choke coil, output diode and flywheel diode as a secondary side component,
  • a current that releases the magnetic energy accumulated in the transformer during the ON period of the switching element can be supplied to the secondary coil during the OFF period and output. Therefore, the utilization efficiency of the transformer is improved.
  • the reset circuit on the primary side in the conventional forward method becomes unnecessary. Therefore, power loss due to the reset circuit does not occur. Further, the reset circuit can be omitted simply by adding one rectifying means which is a diode, so that the entire circuit can be made compact and low in cost. Furthermore, since the magnetic energy stored in the transformer can be output as a current to the secondary side, it is possible to perform a larger power conversion than before.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram schematically showing a configuration example of a first embodiment of a switching power supply according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the flow of current during the ON period in the circuit shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a current flow during an off period in the circuit shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing an example of the temporal change in voltage and current in the circuit diagram shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram schematically showing a configuration example of the second embodiment of the switching power supply according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a current flow during the ON period in the circuit shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a current flow during the off period in the circuit shown in FIG.
  • the switching power supply according to the present invention is an insulating type that performs power conversion between a pair of input terminals and a pair of output terminals via a transformer.
  • DC power is supplied between the pair of input terminals.
  • the supplied DC power may be an output of another arbitrary DC power supply or an output after rectification of the AC power supply. Therefore, the input DC voltage includes not only a constant voltage but also a unipolar variable voltage. For example, pulsating flow after AC rectification, square wave, triangular wave, and the like.
  • a load is connected to the pair of output ends (omitted in the drawing).
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram schematically showing a configuration example of a first embodiment of a switching power supply according to the present invention.
  • DC power is supplied between the input terminal 1 and the input terminal 2. That is, a DC voltage is applied. Further, DC power is output between the output terminal 3 and the output terminal 4.
  • an input voltage at which the input terminal 1 has a positive potential is applied to the input terminal 2 that is the reference potential on the input side, and the output terminal 3 has a positive potential with respect to the output terminal 4 that is the reference potential on the output side. A case where a voltage is output will be described.
  • This circuit has a transformer T having a primary coil N1 and a secondary coil N2.
  • the winding start terminal of each coil is indicated by a black circle (the black circle indicates the polarity of the coil).
  • “one end” and “the other end” include both “winding start terminal” and “winding end terminal”, and “winding end terminal” and “winding start terminal”.
  • the switching power supply of the present invention has a forward circuit as a basic configuration, it is preferable that the primary coil N1 and the secondary coil N2 are tightly coupled, that is, the coupling coefficient of magnetic coupling is close to 1.
  • One end of the primary coil N1 (in this example, the winding start terminal) is connected to the input end 1.
  • the other end of the primary coil N1 (the winding end terminal in this example) is connected to the drain of the switching element Q, which is an N-channel FET, and the source is connected to the input end 2.
  • a pulse voltage having a predetermined switching frequency and duty ratio is input to the gate, which is the control terminal of the switching element Q, as the control voltage Vg.
  • switching element Q a switching element such as an IGBT or a bipolar transistor may be used in addition to the FET.
  • the switching power supply of the present invention has a forward system as a basic configuration, but a reset circuit on the primary side of the transformer that is essential in a general forward system is not provided as shown, and is unnecessary.
  • a choke coil CH is connected between one end of the secondary coil N2 (in this example, the winding start terminal) and the output end 3.
  • a diode D1 is connected between the other end of the secondary coil N2 (winding end terminal in this example) and the output end 4.
  • the polarity of the diode D1 is such that the anode is on the output end 4 side and the cathode is on the other end side of the secondary coil.
  • the diode D1 is forward-biased with respect to the potential generated at the other end of the secondary coil N2 when the switching element Q is turned on, and is reverse-biased with respect to the potential generated at the other end of the secondary coil N2 when the switching element Q is turned off. It is connected in the direction.
  • a diode D2 is connected between one end of the secondary coil N2 and the output end 4.
  • the polarity of the diode D2 is such that the anode is on the output end 4 side and the cathode is on one end side of the secondary coil N2.
  • the diode D2 is reverse-biased with respect to a potential generated at one end of the secondary coil N2 when the switching element Q is turned on, and is forward-biased with respect to a potential generated at one end of the secondary coil N2 when the switching element Q is turned off. Connected in the direction.
  • a diode D3 is connected between the other end of the secondary coil N2 and the output end 3.
  • the polarity of the diode D3 is such that the anode is on the other end side of the secondary coil N2 and the cathode is on the output end 3 side.
  • the diode D3 is reverse-biased with respect to the potential generated at the other end of the secondary coil N2 when the switching element Q is turned on, and forward-biased with respect to the potential generated at the other end of the secondary coil N2 when the switching element Q is turned off. It is connected in the direction.
  • the diodes D1, D2, and D3 are turned on when a forward bias voltage (anode has a high potential with respect to the cathode) is applied, and is blocked with respect to a reverse bias voltage (the anode has a low potential with respect to the cathode).
  • the rectifying means includes a rectifying device or a rectifying circuit equivalent to a diode in addition to a diode which is a rectifying element.
  • a smoothing capacitor C is connected between the output terminal 3 and the output terminal 4.
  • a load is connected between the output terminal 3 and the output terminal 4.
  • an input voltage in which the input terminal 1 is a negative potential may be applied to the input terminal 2 which is the primary side reference potential. In that case, the polarity of each diode on the secondary side is reversed.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the flow of current during the ON period in the circuit shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a current flow during an off period in the circuit shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing an example of the temporal change in voltage and current in the circuit diagram shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 2 shows a current flow in the ON period.
  • the control voltage Vg that is a pulse voltage input to the gate of the switching element Q is, for example, as shown in FIG.
  • the control signal Vg When the control signal Vg is turned on, the current path of the switching element Q becomes conductive, a DC voltage is applied to one end of the primary coil N1, and one end of the primary coil N1 has a positive potential and the other end has a negative potential.
  • a current id flows through the path of the input terminal 1 ⁇ the primary coil N1 ⁇ the switching element Q ⁇ the input terminal 2.
  • the change in the on period of the current id is as shown in FIG.
  • the diode D1 becomes forward biased and becomes conductive, and the first current i1 flows through the path of the secondary coil N2, the choke coil CH, the output terminal 3, the load (or the smoothing capacitor C), the output terminal 4, and the diode D1.
  • the change in the ON period of the first current i1 is as shown in FIG.
  • the first current i1 corresponds to the output current during the ON period in the normal forward method.
  • the first current i1 on the secondary side is also an exciting current of the choke coil CH, and thereby magnetic energy is accumulated in the choke coil CH.
  • the current id flowing through the primary coil N1 includes a load current caused by mutual induction with the secondary coil N2 and an exciting current that accumulates magnetic energy in the transformer T. During the ON period, the magnetic flux of the transformer T is increased by the exciting current, and magnetic energy is accumulated.
  • FIG. 3 shows a current flow in the off period.
  • the control signal Vg is turned off, the current path of the switching element Q is interrupted, and the current id flowing through the primary coil N1 disappears. Thereby, back electromotive force is generated in the primary coil N1 and the secondary coil N2.
  • the other end of the secondary coil N2 becomes a positive potential due to the back electromotive force, and the diode D1 is reverse-biased, so the first current i1 does not flow.
  • the second current i2 flows so as to release the magnetic energy accumulated in the choke coil CH.
  • the path of the second current i2 is choke coil CH ⁇ output terminal 3 ⁇ load (or smoothing capacitor) ⁇ output terminal 4 ⁇ diode D2.
  • the change in the off period of the second current i2 is as shown in FIG.
  • the second current i2 corresponds to an output current during an off period in the normal forward method, and the diode D2 functions as a flywheel diode with respect to the second current i2.
  • FIG. 4 (F) shows the total current flowing on the secondary side.
  • the voltage Vo and current Io output between the output terminal 3 and the output terminal 4 are smoothed by the smoothing capacitor C, as shown in FIG.
  • the switching power supply according to the present invention can discharge the magnetic energy accumulated in the transformer during the on period as a secondary output current during the off period by adding the diode D3 while using the forward system as a basic configuration. This eliminates the need for a reset circuit on the primary side. Conventionally, it has been necessary to take a countermeasure against the withstand voltage of the switching element by a spike voltage generated at the time of OFF, but the countermeasure against the spike becomes unnecessary because the magnetic energy is released to the secondary side.
  • FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram schematically showing a configuration example of the second embodiment of the switching power supply according to the present invention.
  • a second switching element Q2 is provided instead of the first diode D1 in the first embodiment.
  • the second switching element Q2 is an N-channel FET in this example.
  • the drain is connected to the other end of the secondary coil N 2, and the source is connected to the output end 4. That is, the current path of the second switching element Q2 is connected between the other end of the secondary coil N2 and the output end 4.
  • the second switching element Q2 is driven on and off in synchronization with the switching element Q connected to the primary coil N1. Accordingly, the same control voltage Vg as that of the switching element Q is input to the gate which is the control end of the second switching element Q2.
  • FIG. 6 shows the current flow during the ON period.
  • the operation on the primary side in the on period is the same as that in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 shows the flow of current during the off period.
  • the operation on the primary side in the on period is the same as that in the first embodiment.
  • the other end of the secondary coil N2 becomes a positive potential due to the back electromotive force.
  • the second switching element Q2 is turned off by the control voltage Vg, the current path is cut off. Therefore, the first current i1 does not flow.
  • the second current i2 and the third current i3 flow as in the first embodiment.
  • the second switching element Q2 may be a P-channel FET instead of an N-channel FET.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)
  • Oscillators With Electromechanical Resonators (AREA)
PCT/JP2017/041327 2017-01-23 2017-11-16 スイッチング電源 WO2018135119A1 (ja)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020187018614A KR102449387B1 (ko) 2017-01-23 2017-11-16 스위칭 전원

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2017-009456 2017-01-23
JP2017009456A JP2018121390A (ja) 2017-01-23 2017-01-23 スイッチング電源

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111682750A (zh) * 2020-06-02 2020-09-18 西安摩达芯电子科技有限公司 一种副边并联lcd实现正反激能量传输的正激变换器
CN111682775A (zh) * 2020-06-02 2020-09-18 西安科技大学 一种副边串联lcd实现励磁能量转移的正激变换器
CN112886824A (zh) * 2021-03-16 2021-06-01 西安科技大学 一种副边采用三个二极管的正反激组合变换器及系统

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CN111682777B (zh) * 2020-06-02 2022-12-09 西安科技大学 一种可避免储能电容反向充电的副边并联lcd正激变换器
CN111682779B (zh) * 2020-06-02 2022-12-09 西安科技大学 抑制输出能量倒流的副边串联lcd励磁能量转移正激变换器
CN113014109B (zh) * 2021-03-16 2022-12-09 西安科技大学 一种副边采用lc自复位电路的正激变换器及系统
CN113014110B (zh) * 2021-03-16 2022-12-09 西安科技大学 一种副边并联lcd电路的正激变换器及系统

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JPH09205768A (ja) * 1996-01-25 1997-08-05 Hitachi Ltd 同期整流回路
JPH1141927A (ja) * 1997-07-16 1999-02-12 Fujitsu Ltd Ｄｃ／ｄｃコンバータ
WO2014188985A1 (ja) * 2013-05-21 2014-11-27 株式会社村田製作所 スイッチング電源装置

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JPH09275681A (ja) 1996-04-04 1997-10-21 Nec Eng Ltd フォワードコンバータ
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JPH01278263A (ja) * 1988-04-27 1989-11-08 Nec Corp ピーク電圧除去回路
JPH09205768A (ja) * 1996-01-25 1997-08-05 Hitachi Ltd 同期整流回路
JPH1141927A (ja) * 1997-07-16 1999-02-12 Fujitsu Ltd Ｄｃ／ｄｃコンバータ
WO2014188985A1 (ja) * 2013-05-21 2014-11-27 株式会社村田製作所 スイッチング電源装置

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111682750A (zh) * 2020-06-02 2020-09-18 西安摩达芯电子科技有限公司 一种副边并联lcd实现正反激能量传输的正激变换器
CN111682775A (zh) * 2020-06-02 2020-09-18 西安科技大学 一种副边串联lcd实现励磁能量转移的正激变换器
CN111682775B (zh) * 2020-06-02 2022-12-09 西安科技大学 一种副边串联lcd实现励磁能量转移的正激变换器
CN112886824A (zh) * 2021-03-16 2021-06-01 西安科技大学 一种副边采用三个二极管的正反激组合变换器及系统

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JP2018121390A (ja) 2018-08-02
KR20190104469A (ko) 2019-09-10

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