WO2018133857A1 - 高速铁路轨道板先张法流水机组生产线放张设备 - Google Patents

高速铁路轨道板先张法流水机组生产线放张设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018133857A1
WO2018133857A1 PCT/CN2018/073579 CN2018073579W WO2018133857A1 WO 2018133857 A1 WO2018133857 A1 WO 2018133857A1 CN 2018073579 W CN2018073579 W CN 2018073579W WO 2018133857 A1 WO2018133857 A1 WO 2018133857A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
production line
releasing device
speed railway
railway track
lifting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/073579
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王朝林
张正宁
史立
柴凤建
毕胜
程俊红
徐忠勇
屈鹏飞
隋斌
Original Assignee
山西高行液压股份有限公司
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Application filed by 山西高行液压股份有限公司 filed Critical 山西高行液压股份有限公司
Publication of WO2018133857A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018133857A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/02—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members
    • B28B23/04—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members the elements being stressed
    • B28B23/043—Wire anchoring or tensioning means for the reinforcements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a prefabricated reinforced concrete slab tensioning steel bar laying device, in particular to a high speed railway track plate pretensioning water production line production line releasing device.
  • Several servo motors or variable frequency motors are used to drive several multi-position gears to drive the tension rod and the lock nut to loosen and disassemble, so as to realize the release of the tension plate of the track plate.
  • the motor-driven method directly affects the synchronization of the tensioning process of the plurality of tension rods and the lock nut due to the multi-stage multi-bit gear transmission gap superposition effect, and one power motor drives at least two through a complicated gear transmission device.
  • the work of releasing the connection sleeve requires sufficient motor power and high precision of the transmission mechanism, which will increase the equipment cost.
  • the output torque of the motor drive is too small to ensure the reliability of the release, and the track plate has a quality hazard.
  • the invention aims at the above problems, and designs a high-speed railway track board pre-tensioning water production line production line releasing device.
  • a high-speed railway track plate pre-tensioning water production line production line releasing device comprises four lifting platform seats arranged along a periphery of a rail plate mould, wherein the lifting platform seat is provided with a reinforcing bar releasing device, and the reinforcing bar releasing device comprises a power unit, a transmission gear box connected to the tensioning power unit, and a release connecting sleeve connected to the output shaft of the transmission gear box, wherein the releasing device is in one-to-one correspondence with the rail plate mold tension rod,
  • the power release device is a hydraulic motor.
  • the high-speed railway track board pre-tensioning water production line production line releasing device is characterized in that a second power mechanism connected to the main shaft of the transmission gear box is disposed.
  • the high-speed railway track board pre-tensioning water line production line releasing device is characterized in that the lifting platform is provided with a horizontally movable moving pedestal, and the releasing device is fixed on the moving pedestal.
  • the high-speed railway track board pre-tensioning water production line production line releasing device is characterized in that the four lifting platform ends are connected to each other to form an integral lifting platform.
  • the high-speed railway track board pre-tensioning water production line production line releasing device is characterized in that the connecting end of the lifting platform seat is provided with an lifting support fixed to the ground, and the ends of the adjacent two lifting platform seats are passed through the lifting and lowering branch The seats are connected.
  • the high-speed railway track board pre-tensioning water production line production line releasing device is characterized in that the lifting support is a plunger cylinder support, and the plunger cylinder support comprises a cylinder body and is placed in the cylinder body. a plunger, the cylinder is fixed in the base, the outer part of the cylinder is sleeved with the lifting outer cylinder, the lower port of the lifting outer cylinder is connected with the upper port annular surface of the base, and the top of the lifting outer cylinder
  • the cover is press-fitted with the upper end of the plunger, the upper end of which has a pressure port that communicates with the plunger chamber.
  • the high-speed railway track board pre-tensioning water production line production line releasing device is characterized in that the lower end of the lifting outer cylinder is fixed with a cylinder pedestal, and the ends of the adjacent two lifting pedestals are fixedly connected with the oil cylinder pedestal.
  • the high-speed railway track board pre-tensioning water line production line releasing device characterized in that the second power mechanism is a hydraulic discharge device, the hydraulic discharge device comprises a tensioner gear shaft, and the a piston rack engaged by the tensioner gear shaft, the piston rack is respectively connected to the piston oil chamber, and a coupling is arranged between the tensioner gear shaft and the gear box main shaft, and the coupling passes The one-way bearing is connected to the gearbox spindle.
  • the high-speed railway track board pre-tensioning water production line production line releasing device is characterized in that both ends of the piston rack have end rods, and end rods of piston racks of adjacent hydraulic dischargers are connected.
  • the high-speed railway track board pre-tensioning water production line production line releasing device wherein the releasing device is arranged side by side in a longitudinal direction to form a longitudinally juxtaposed upper layer releasing device group and a lower layer releasing device group, and the same group is adjacently placed
  • An end rod of the piston rod of the device is connected, and two ends of the moving pedestal are respectively fixed with a synchronous gear box, and the synchronous gear box includes an upper rack and a lower rack which are longitudinally juxtaposed, and the upper rack and the lower rack There are synchronizing gears between the bars, and the synchronizing gears mesh with the upper rack and the lower rack, respectively.
  • the high-speed railway track board pre-tensioning water line production line releasing device characterized in that the release connecting sleeve comprises a connecting sleeve body, the connecting sleeve body cavity is a tension rod cavity, and the tension rod cavity port
  • the side of the connecting sleeve body is sleeved with a nut connecting sleeve axially slidable along the connecting sleeve body, the connecting sleeve body is externally provided with a spring slot, and the spring slot is provided with a nut connecting sleeve return spring, the connecting sleeve
  • a tension rod connector is disposed in the rear cavity of the body, and a connector return spring is disposed between the tension rod connector and the end cover of the sleeve body.
  • the high-speed railway track board pre-tensioning water production line production line releasing device is characterized in that the moving pedestal is further provided with a power motor, a hydraulic pump connected with the output shaft of the power motor, a hydraulic oil tank, and is placed in the hydraulic pump and Hydraulic valve block on the oil line between hydraulic tanks.
  • the high-speed railway track plate pre-tensioning water production line production line releasing device of the invention adopts a hydraulic motor as the tensioning power, and the overall structure is simple, and the releasing device is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the tension bar, so that the releasing operation is fast and reliable. Moreover, when a certain release device is difficult to repair, it can be directly replaced, which is convenient and simple, saves time and has low maintenance cost.
  • the addition of a second power mechanism ensures that the lock nut is quickly loosened and the release operation is performed efficiently.
  • the lifting device lifting platform is integrated into one body, and a horizontal movable mobile pedestal is arranged on the lifting platform, and the releasing device is fixed on the mobile pedestal, so that the overall operation of the device is flexible, and the positioning is accurate and fast.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a sheet discharge apparatus of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the combination of the releasing device and the rail plate mold shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a fixed pedestal
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the lifting support
  • Figure 5 is an outline structural view of the releasing device
  • Figure 6 is a partial cross-sectional structural view of the tensioning device
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of the tensioner
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of a synchronous gear box
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the outline of the release connecting sleeve
  • Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line E-E of Figure 9;
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view of a tie-bar extension connection sleeve corresponding to a lock nut without a lock nut.
  • the high-speed railway track board pre-tensioning water production line production line releasing device of the present invention is installed in the laying station of the high-speed railway track board production line, and the working object is the rail plate mold and the tension rod on the mold. And the tension rod lock nut, the task is to loosen the tension rod and the lock nut on the mold and completely separate from the tension steel.
  • the working steps include vertical lifting of the tensioning device, the track plate mold and the track plate being in position, the laying device descending and the mold centering, the moving pedestal and the releasing device and the tensioning rod centering, loosening the locking nut and the tensioning rod and making the sheet
  • the tie rod is completely separated from the tensioned steel bar, the lifting device is lifted, and the track plate mold and the track plate are moved out of the release station.
  • the releasing device of the present invention corresponds to four sides of the rail plate mold, and comprises four lifting pedestals 9 disposed along four circumferences of the rail plate mold, and the lifting platform is provided with a reinforcing bar releasing device 3, and the reinforcing bar releasing device
  • the utility model comprises a tensioning device, a transmission gear box 20 connected to the tensioning power device, and a release connecting sleeve 18 connected with the output shaft of the transmission gear box, wherein the releasing device is in one-to-one correspondence with the rail plate mold tensioning rod, and the power releasing device is arranged
  • a hydraulic motor 21 is employed.
  • a hydraulic oil tank 4, a hydraulic valve group 5, a hydraulic pump 6 and a power motor 7 are respectively disposed on the four lifting pedestals.
  • the tension rod disposed on the side mold of the track plate mold comprises two kinds of tension rods with locking nuts and independent tension rods, wherein the independent tension rods are arranged on two adjacent side molds and one end mold of the mold 17, with nuts
  • the tension rods are arranged on the other two adjacent side molds and end molds.
  • the end tension rod release unit 13, the side tension rod release unit 14, the end tension rod and the nut are placed.
  • the unit 15 , the side tension rod and the nut release unit 16 are mold transfer trolley traveling rails, and four mold positioning supports 31 are arranged on both sides of the rail.
  • a moving pedestal 8 is provided on the lifting platform 9, and the reinforcing bar releasing device 3 is fixed to the moving pedestal 8.
  • the lifting pedestal adjusts the longitudinal centering position
  • the moving pedestal adjusts the horizontal centering position.
  • the movable pedestal and the lifting pedestal are a universal ball structure, and the universal ball structure is composed of a ball seat and a ball fixed on the lifting pedestal, and at least two universal ball seats are arranged on each lifting pedestal, on each of the ball seats There are three to six rows, 8-15 balls per row, and the moving pedestal is placed on the ball seat or the ball.
  • a traverse cylinder 10 and a feed cylinder 12 are provided between the moving pedestal and the lifting pedestal.
  • a preferred embodiment of the displacing apparatus of the present invention employs an integral lifting pedestal.
  • the ends of the two lifting pedestals 9 are fixedly connected to each other to form an integral lifting pedestal.
  • a lifting support 11 fixed to the ground is disposed at the end of the lifting base, and a cylinder pedestal 36 is fixed to the lifting support, and the ends of the adjacent two lifting pedestals are fixed on the cylinder pedestal 36.
  • the lifting support with the plunger cylinder as the core lifting mechanism includes a cylinder 42 and a plunger 40 disposed in the cylinder body, and is provided with a flange base 35 fixed to the ground, and the upper part of the base is In the cylindrical structure, the cylinder 42 is placed in the base, and an anti-rotation pin 34 is disposed at the lower portion of the base to prevent the cylinder from rotating during operation.
  • a lifting outer cylinder 37 is sleeved on the outside of the cylinder, and the top cover 38 of the lifting outer cylinder is crimped to the top end of the plunger 40, and the top cover 38 and the lifting outer cylinder are detachably connected.
  • the upper portion of the plunger is provided with a pressure port 39.
  • the lower port of the lifting outer cylinder is connected with the upper port end surface of the base, and a positioning platform 43 flush with the upper port is arranged outside the port, and a cylinder pedestal 36 is fixed to the lower portion of the lifting outer cylinder to be in contact with the positioning table.
  • the lifting and lowering cylinder moves the cylinder 42 as a guide column up and down, and drives the lifting platform to raise or lower the lifting device as a whole.
  • the cylinder outer circle is finished with high finish.
  • the tensioning device is composed of a hydraulic motor 21, a transmission gear box 20 and a release connecting sleeve 18, and the tension between the lock nut and the tension rod is tightly combined with the reinforcing bar to ensure the release.
  • a displacer 19 is disposed in front of the transmission gearbox as a second power mechanism of the tensioning device
  • the detent includes a dispenser housing 23 and a built-in displacer gear shaft 22, and
  • the piston rack 24 engaged by the tensioner gear shaft has a piston oil chamber 25 at a position corresponding to both ends of the piston rack on the tensioner housing, and a coupling 33 is disposed between the tensioner gear shaft 22 and the gear box main shaft. And the coupling is coupled to the main shaft 32 of the gearbox via a one-way bearing 44.
  • the two end faces of the track plate mold are provided with upper and lower two rows of tension rods, and correspondingly, two longitudinally juxtaposed tensioning devices are arranged for each of the laying positions on the laying device, so that The upper and lower discharge devices are synchronously arranged, and a synchronous gear box 27 is disposed at one end or both ends of the mobile pedestal.
  • the structure is as shown in the figure.
  • the casing has one or three synchronizing gears 29, and the upper rack 28 meshing with the upper synchronizing gear.
  • a lower rack 30 that meshes with the lower synchronizing gear.
  • the upper rack is connected to the end rod of the adjacent piston rack of the upper row, and the lower rack is connected to the end rod of the adjacent piston rack of the lower row.
  • the four side molds of the track plate mold are composed of two end molds and two side molds. According to the design requirements, one of the end molds and one side mold has a lock on the tension rod. The nut is tightened, and the tension rod of the other end mold and the side mold does not have a lock nut. The corresponding release tabs are different.
  • the release sleeve 18 corresponding to the tension rod with the lock nut includes a sleeve body 49, and an outer sleeve side of the sleeve body is sleeved along the outer sleeve side of the sleeve body.
  • the sliding nut is connected to the sleeve 46, and the limiting screw 47 is connected to the nut connecting sleeve, and the corresponding part of the sleeve body is connected with a limited position groove.
  • the combination of the two can make the nut connecting sleeve slide back and forth along the limiting slot, but cannot rotate.
  • a nut connecting sleeve return spring 48 is disposed at the rear of the nut connecting sleeve.
  • the front end of the nut connecting sleeve has two nut-clamping tables 45 arranged at 180 degrees, which correspond to the irregular steps on the lock nut.
  • the rear end surface of the connecting sleeve body is provided with an end cover 54 with a square hole, and a tension rod connecting head 52 is disposed in the inner cavity of the end cover, the inner cavity is a sliding cavity, and the connecting rod between the tension rod connecting end and the end cover is disposed
  • the connector return spring 53 moves back and compresses the spring when the tension bar connector is pressed, and the spring resets the tension bar connector when the pressure is released.
  • the front cavity of the connecting sleeve body is a tension rod cavity 51.
  • the inner cavity section of the tensioning rod connecting head is concentric and equilaterally long with the square hole of the end cover, and the square hole is a connecting hole of the output shaft of the transmission gear box.
  • the release coupling sleeve corresponding to the tension rod without the lock nut is composed of a coupling sleeve body and a sliding sleeve 55, and is provided with a sliding sleeve return spring 56.
  • the invention adopts the high form of the support frame instead of the pit pedestal, has small floor space, convenient transition, and low difficulty in land re-cultivation; adopts the orbital operation system, the manufacturing process does not require the hoisting equipment to intervene, and the track plate is produced.
  • the release station does not occupy other processes, and the production flow efficiency is high; the release device and the release module automatically dock the tension rods and nuts, and automatically perform the release, and the hydraulic motor and the angle cylinder release device have high power density, and the output is discharged.
  • the tension is larger than the force output of the motor/servo motor control output.
  • the synchronous gear box is used to meet the requirements of the release synchronization.
  • the degree of automation of the release process is high, and there is no manual intervention; the control of the release precision of all the track plates is more precise. Modular design makes maintenance and repair quicker and more convenient.
  • the hydraulic system controls the lifting platform to be lifted synchronously, and the mold 17 is transported by the running trolley traveling on the transverse rail 1 or the longitudinal rail 2 to the tensioning station, and placed on the four mold positioning supports fixed on the ground, and the lifting platform Down to the set position, the tensioning device on the four-sided pedestal is at the same level as the tension bar on the track plate mold 17, and is within design error.
  • the traverse cylinder accurately aligned, so that the ports of the release devices are aligned with the corresponding tension rods, and then the feed cylinder is activated to position the release device, and the tension rod enters the release sleeve.
  • the tensioner and the hydraulic motor are activated, and the tensioner works to loosen the lock nut and the tension rod, and the hydraulic motor further completely separates the tension rod from the tensioned steel loose switch. Release the end.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)

Abstract

一种高速铁路轨道板先张法流水机组生产线放张设备，包括沿轨道板模具（17）周边设置的四个升降台座（9），所述的升降台座（9）上设置有钢筋放张装置（3），所述钢筋放张装置（3）包括放张动力装置、与放张动力装置相连的传动齿轮箱（20）、与传动齿轮箱（20）的输出轴连接的放张连接套（18）；采用液压马达为放张动力装置，整体结构简单，采用与张拉杆一一对应设置放张装置（3），使得放张作业快速、可靠，而且当某一放张装置（3）发生故障修复困难时，可以直接更换，方便、简捷，可节约时间，维护成本低。

Description

高速铁路轨道板先张法流水机组生产线放张设备 技术领域
本发明涉及一种预制钢筋混凝土板张拉钢筋放张设备，具体为一种高速铁路轨道板先张法流水机组生产线放张设备。
 背景技术
现有技术中先张法生产高速铁路无砟轨道板的放张工艺主要有两种，一是地坑式生产轨道板的放张工艺，由放张钢梁将若干支位于同侧的张拉杆连接固定后，油缸带动钢梁将张拉杆拉伸使锁紧螺母脱离模具侧模，然后人工旋松锁紧螺母并撤去钢梁，将张拉杆与钢筋完全脱离实现放张。这种方法比较粗放，人工介入多，劳动强度大，工作效率低，逐渐走向淘汰过程。二是改进后的自动放张工艺，采用若干伺服电机或变频电机传动若干多位齿轮旋转带动张拉杆及锁紧螺母松动并拆卸，实现轨道板张拉钢筋的放张。这种采用电机驱动的方法，由于多级多位齿轮传动间隙叠加效应，直接影响多根张拉杆及锁紧螺母放张过程的同步性，并且一台动力电机通过复杂的齿轮传动装置带动至少两个放张连接套工作，要求电机动力足够大，传动机构配合精确度高等，均会增加设备成本。而且电机传动输出扭矩偏小，无法保证放张的可靠性，轨道板存在质量隐患。
 技术问题
本发明针对上述问题，设计了一种高速铁路轨道板先张法流水机组生产线放张设备。
 技术解决方案
一种高速铁路轨道板先张法流水机组生产线放张设备，包括沿轨道板模具周边设置的四个升降台座，所述的升降台座上设置有钢筋放张装置，所述钢筋放张装置包括放张动力装置、与放张动力装置相连的传动齿轮箱、与传动齿轮箱输出轴连接的放张连接套，其特征是所述的放张装置与轨道板模具张拉杆一一对应，所述的放张动力装置为液压马达。
所述的高速铁路轨道板先张法流水机组生产线放张设备，其特征是设置有与传动齿轮箱主轴相连的第二动力机构。
所述的高速铁路轨道板先张法流水机组生产线放张设备，其特征是所述的升降台座上设置有可水平移动的移动台座，所述的放张装置固定在移动台座上。
所述的高速铁路轨道板先张法流水机组生产线放张设备，其特征是所述的四个升降台座端头两两相接，构成一个整体式升降台座。
所述的高速铁路轨道板先张法流水机组生产线放张设备，其特征是所述升降台座端头连接处设置有固定于地面的升降支座，相邻两个升降台座的端头通过升降支座相连。
所述的高速铁路轨道板先张法流水机组生产线放张设备，其特征是所述的升降支座为柱塞油缸支座，所述柱塞油缸支座包括缸体、置于缸体内的柱塞，所述的缸体固定在底座内，所述缸体的外部套接升降外筒，所述升降外筒的下端口与底座的上端口环面相接，所述升降外筒的顶盖与柱塞的上端头压接结合，所述柱塞的上端有连通柱塞腔的压力油口。
所述的高速铁路轨道板先张法流水机组生产线放张设备，其特征是所述升降外筒的下端固定有油缸台座，相邻两个升降台座的端头与油缸台座固定连接。
所述的高速铁路轨道板先张法流水机组生产线放张设备，其特征是所述的第二动力机构为液压放张器，所述的液压放张器包括放张器齿轮轴，与所述放张器齿轮轴啮合的活塞齿条，所述的活塞齿条两端分别接活塞油腔，所述的放张器齿轮轴与齿轮箱主轴之间设置联轴器，所述联轴器通过单向轴承与齿轮箱主轴连接。
所述的高速铁路轨道板先张法流水机组生产线放张设备，其特征是所述活塞齿条的两端有端杆，相邻液压放张器活塞齿条的端杆相连接。
所述的高速铁路轨道板先张法流水机组生产线放张设备，所述的放张装置两两纵向并列设置构成纵向并列的上层放张装置组与下层放张装置组，同组相邻放张装置活塞齿条的端杆相连，所述移动台座的两端分别固定有同步齿轮箱，所述的同步齿轮箱包括纵向并列设置的上齿条与下齿条,所述上齿条与下齿条之间有同步齿轮,所述同步齿轮分别与上齿条、下齿条啮合。
所述的高速铁路轨道板先张法流水机组生产线放张设备，其特征是所述的放张连接套包括连接套本体，所述连接套本体内腔为张拉杆腔，所述张拉杆腔端口侧的连接套本体外部套接有可沿连接套本体轴向滑动的螺母连接套，所述连接套本体外部设置有弹簧槽，所述弹簧槽内设置有螺母连接套复位弹簧，所述连接套本体后部腔体内设置有张拉杆连接头，所述张拉杆连接头与连接套本体端盖间有连接头复位弹簧。
所述的高速铁路轨道板先张法流水机组生产线放张设备，其特征是所述的移动台座上还设置有动力电机、与动力电机输出轴连接的液压泵、液压油箱，置于液压泵与液压油箱之间油路上的液压阀组。
 有益效果
本发明的高速铁路轨道板先张法流水机组生产线放张设备，采用液压马达为放张动力，其整体结构简单，采用与张拉杆一一对应设置放张装置，使得放张作业快速、可靠，而且当某一放张装置发生故障修复困难时，可以直接更换，方便、简捷，可节约时间，维护成本低。增设第二动力机构，可确保锁紧螺母迅速松动，放张作业高效进行。将放张设备升降台座连为一体，在升降台座上设置可水平移动的移动台座，并将放张装置固定有移动台座上，使得设备整体操作灵活，定位准确，快捷。
 附图说明
图1是本发明的放张设备整体结构示意图；
图2是图1所示放张设备与轨道板模具结合示意图；
图3是固定台座结构示意图；
图4是升降支座结构示意图；
图5是放张装置外形结构图；
图6是放张装置局部剖示结构示意图；
图7是放张器剖示结构示意图；
图8是同步齿轮箱结构示意图；
图9是放张连接套外形示意图；
图10是图9的E-E剖示图；
图11是对应不带锁紧螺母的张拉杆放张连接套示意图。
图中，1-横向轨道；2-纵向轨道；3-钢筋放张装置；4-油箱；5-液压阀组；6-液压泵；7-电机；8-移动台座；9-升降台座；10-横移油缸；11-升降支座；12-进给油缸；13-端张拉杆放张单元；14-侧张拉杆放张单元；15-端张拉杆与螺母放张单元；16-侧张拉杆与螺母放张单元；17-模具；18-放张连接套；19-放张器；20-传动齿轮箱；21-液压马达；22-齿轮轴；23-放张器壳体；24-活塞齿条；25-活塞油腔；26-齿条端杆；27-同步齿轮箱；28-上齿条；29-同步齿轮；30-下齿条；31-模具定位支座；32-主轴；33-联轴器；34-防转销轴；35-底座；36-升降台；37-升降架外筒；38-顶盖；39-压力油口；40-柱塞；41-导向套；42-缸体；43-定位台;44-单向轴承；45-螺母卡位台；46-螺母连接套；47-限位螺钉；48-螺母连接套复位弹簧；49-连接套本体；50-张拉杆套；51-张拉杆腔；52-张拉杆连接头；53-连接头复位弹簧；54-端盖；55-滑动套；56-滑动套复位弹簧。
 本发明的实施方式
以下结合实施例附图对本发明作详细描述。
图1-2所示，本发明的高速铁路轨道板先张法流水机组生产线放张设备，设置于高速铁路轨道板生产线的放张工位，其作业对象是轨道板模具暨模具上的张拉杆及张拉杆锁紧螺母，作业任务是将模具上的张拉杆与锁紧螺母松动并与张拉钢筋完全脱离。作业步骤包括放张设备纵向抬升，轨道板模具暨轨道板就位，放张设备下降与模具对中，移动台座暨放张装置与张拉杆对中定位，松动锁紧螺母与张拉杆并使张拉杆与张拉钢筋完全脱离，放张设备抬升，轨道板模具暨轨道板移出放张工位。本发明的放张设备与轨道板模具四边对应，其包括沿轨道板模具四个周边设置的四个升降台座9，所述的升降台座上设置有钢筋放张装置3，所述钢筋放张装置包括放张动力装置、与放张动力装置相连的传动齿轮箱20、与传动齿轮箱输出轴连接的放张连接套18，其中放张装置与轨道板模具张拉杆一一对应，放张动力装置采用液压马达21。在四个升降台座上分别设置了液压油箱4，液压阀组5，液压泵6与动力电机7。
在轨道板模具的边模上设置的张拉杆包括带锁紧螺母的张拉杆与独立张拉杆两种，其中独立张拉杆布置在模具17两相邻的一个侧模和一个端模上，带螺母的张拉杆布置在另两个相邻的侧模与端模上，对应本发明的放张设备，设置有端张拉杆放张单元13、侧张拉杆放张单元14、端张拉杆与螺母放张单元15、侧张拉杆与螺母放张单元16。图中横向轨道1与纵向轨道2为模具转运小车行走轨道，轨道两侧设置有四个模具定位支座31。
图中所示，在升降台座9上设置有移动台座8，钢筋放张装置3固定在移动台座8上，工作时，升降台座调节纵向对中位置，移动台座调节水平对中位置。移动台座与升降台座间为万向滚珠结构，该万向滚珠结构由固定在升降台座上的滚珠座与滚珠构成，每个升降台座上至少设置两个万向滚珠座，在每个滚珠座上设置有三至6排，每排8-15个滚珠，移动台座置于该滚珠座即滚珠上。在移动台座与升降台座之间设置有横移油缸10和进给油缸12。
图3所示，本发明的放张设备一个较佳实施例是采用整体式升降台座，如图将两个升降台座9的端头两两固定相连，构成一个整体式升降台座。在升降台座端头连接处设置有固定于地面的升降支座11，在升降支座上固定有油缸台座36，相邻的两个升降台座的端头固定在油缸台座36上。
图4所示，以柱塞油缸为核心升降机构的升降支座，其包括缸体42及置于缸体内的柱塞40，设置有固定于地面的法兰底座35，该底座的上部为筒状结构，缸体42置于底座内，在底座下部设置有一个防转销轴34，防止工作时，缸体转动。在缸体外部套接一个升降外筒37，该升降外筒的顶盖38压接在柱塞40的顶端，并且该顶盖38与升降外筒间为可拆分连接。柱塞的上部设置有压力油口39。升降外筒的下端口与底座的上端口端面相接，在底座上端口外有一个与该上端口齐平的定位台43，升降外筒的下部固定有一个油缸台座36与定位台面相接。工作时升降外筒以缸体42为导柱上、下移动，带动升降台座即放张设备整体抬升或下降。为了减小导向摩擦阻力，缸体外圆采用高光洁度精加工。
图5-7所示，放张装置由液压马达21，传动齿轮箱20和放张连接套18组成，由于锁紧螺母与张拉杆间、张拉杆与钢筋之间结合较紧，为确保放张快速、精确、有序进行，在传动齿轮箱前设置放张器19作为放张装置的第二动力机构，该放张器包括放张器壳体23及内置的放张器齿轮轴22、与放张器齿轮轴啮合的活塞齿条24，在放张器壳体上与活塞齿条两端对应位置有活塞油腔25，放张器齿轮轴22与齿轮箱主轴之间设置联轴器33，并且所述联轴器通过单向轴承44与齿轮箱的主轴32连接。
为了使放张器工作时保持同步，在活塞齿条的两端有加长的齿条端杆26，相邻放张器的齿条端杆的端面相接。工作时，各活塞齿条的同一油口（A口或B口）同时进油，另一油口出油，活塞齿条同步联动。活塞齿条推动放张器齿轮轴、传动齿轮箱主轴、传动齿轮箱输出轴、张拉杆连接套将扭矩传递给张拉杆及锁紧螺母，使二者松动并进一步使张拉杆与张拉钢筋完全脱离。
图8所示，轨道板模具的两个端面设置有上、下两排张拉杆，为此对应的在放张设备上每一放张台位均设置两台纵向并列的放张装置，为使上、下两排放张装置同步作业，在移动台座一端或两端设置同步齿轮箱27，其结构如图，箱体内有一个或三个同步齿轮29，与上同步齿轮啮合的上齿条28，与下同步齿轮啮合的下齿条30。上齿条与上排相邻活塞齿条的端杆相连，下齿条与下排相邻活塞齿条的端杆相连。
参照图9-11，轨道板模具的四个边模，由两个端边模与两个侧边模组成，按设计要求，其中一个端边模与一个侧边模的张拉杆上带有锁紧螺母，另一个端边模与侧边模的张拉杆不带锁紧螺母。对应的放张连接套有所不同。
图9-10所示，与带锁紧螺母的张拉杆对应的放张连接套18，其包括连接套本体49，在连接套本体的前部端口侧外部套接有一个可沿连接套本体轴向滑动的螺母连接套46，在螺母连接套上有限位螺钉47，连接套本体上相应部位有限位槽，二者结合使螺母连接套可沿限位槽前后滑动，但不能转动。螺母连接套后部设置有螺母连接套复位弹簧48，当螺母连接套受力后移时压缩弹簧，压力释放后复位弹簧使螺母连接套复位。螺母连接套前端有两个呈180度设置的螺母卡位台45，其与锁紧螺母上的异形台阶对应。连接套本体后端面设置有带方孔的端盖54，在端盖内侧腔体中设置有张拉杆连接头52，该内侧腔体为一个滑动腔，在张拉杆连接头与端盖间设置有连接头复位弹簧53，张拉杆连接头受压时后移并压缩弹簧，当压力释放时，弹簧使张拉杆连接头复位。连接套本体的前部腔体为张拉杆腔51，张拉杆连接头的内腔截面与端盖的方孔同心且等边长，该方孔为传动齿轮箱输出轴的连接孔。
图11所示，与不带锁紧螺母的张拉杆对应的放张连接套由一个连接套本体及滑动套55组成，设置有滑动套复位弹簧56。
本发明采用支座架高形式而非地坑台座的方式，占地面积小，转场方便，土地复耕难度低；采用轨道运转系统，制造工艺环节不需要吊装设备介入，且轨道板生产中放张工位不占用其他工艺，生产流转效率高；放张装置及放张模块自动对接张拉杆及螺母、自动进行放张，采用液压马达及转角缸的放张装置功率密度高，输出的放张力比电机/伺服电机控制输出的力值大，采用同步齿轮箱满足放张同步要求，放张工艺自动化程度高，无人工介入；所有轨道板钢筋放张精度控制更精确。采用模块化设计使维护检修更快更方便。
工作时，液压系统控制升降台座同步整体抬升，模具17由行走于横向轨道1或纵向轨道2的运转小车托运至张拉工位，放置于固定于地面的四个模具定位支座上，升降台座下降至设定位置，四边台座上的放张装置与轨道板模具17上的张拉杆处于同一水平位，并且在设计误差内。启动横移油缸精确对位，使各放张装置的端口与对应张拉杆对中，再启动进给油缸，使放张装置就位，张拉杆进入放张连接套内并。
启动放张器与液压马达，放张器工作将锁紧螺母与张拉杆松动，同时液压马达进一步将张拉杆与张拉钢筋松开关完全脱离。放张结束。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种高速铁路轨道板先张法流水机组生产线放张设备，包括沿轨道板模具周边设置的四个升降台座，所述的升降台座上设置有钢筋放张装置，所述钢筋放张装置包括放张动力装置、与放张动力装置相连的传动齿轮箱、与传动齿轮箱输出轴连接的放张连接套，其特征是所述的放张装置与轨道板模具张拉杆一一对应，所述的放张动力装置为液压马达。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的高速铁路轨道板先张法流水机组生产线放张设备，其特征是设置有与传动齿轮箱主轴相连的第二动力机构。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的高速铁路轨道板先张法流水机组生产线放张设备，其特征是所述的升降台座上设置有可水平移动的移动台座，所述的放张装置固定在移动台座上。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的高速铁路轨道板先张法流水机组生产线放张设备，其特征是所述的四个升降台座端头两两相接，构成一个整体式升降台座。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的高速铁路轨道板先张法流水机组生产线放张设备，其特征是所述升降台座端头连接处设置有固定于地面的升降支座，相邻两个升降台座的端头通过升降支座相连。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的高速铁路轨道板先张法流水机组生产线放张设备，其特征是所述的升降支座为柱塞油缸支座，所述柱塞油缸支座包括缸体（42）、置于缸体内的柱塞（40），所述的缸体（42）固定在底座（35）内，所述缸体的外部套接升降外筒（37），所述升降外筒的下端口与底座的上端口环面相接，所述升降外筒的顶盖（38）与柱塞（40）的上端头压接结合，所述柱塞的上端有连通柱塞腔的压力油口（39）。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的高速铁路轨道板先张法流水机组生产线放张设备，其特征是所述升降外筒的下端固定有油缸台座（36），相邻两个升降台座的端头与油缸台座固定连接。
  8. 根据权利要求3-7中任一权利要求所述的高速铁路轨道板先张法流水机组生产线放张设备，其特征是所述的第二动力机构为液压放张器，所述的液压放张器包括放张器齿轮轴（22），与所述放张器齿轮轴啮合的活塞齿条（24），所述的活塞齿条两端分别接活塞油腔，所述的放张器齿轮轴与齿轮箱主轴之间设置联轴器（33），所述联轴器通过单向轴承（34）与齿轮箱主轴连接。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的高速铁路轨道板先张法流水机组生产线放张设备，其特征是所述活塞齿条的两端有端杆，相邻液压放张器活塞齿条的端杆相连接。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的高速铁路轨道板先张法流水机组生产线放张设备，所述的放张装置两两纵向并列设置构成纵向并列的上层放张装置组与下层放张装置组，同组相邻放张装置活塞齿条的端杆相连，所述移动台座的两端分别固定有同步齿轮箱，所述的同步齿轮箱包括纵向并列设置的上齿条与下齿条,所述上齿条与下齿条之间有同步齿轮,所述同步齿轮分别与上齿条、下齿条啮合。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的高速铁路轨道板先张法流水机组生产线放张设备，其特征是所述的放张连接套包括连接套本体（49），所述连接套本体内腔为张拉杆腔（51），所述张拉杆腔端口侧的连接套本体外部套接有可沿连接套本体轴向滑动的螺母连接套（46），所述连接套本体外部设置有弹簧槽，所述弹簧槽内设置有螺母连接套复位弹簧（48），所述连接套本体后部腔体内设置有张拉杆连接头（52），所述张拉杆连接头与连接套本体端盖（54）间有连接头复位弹簧（56）。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的高速铁路轨道板先张法流水机组生产线放张设备，其特征是所述的移动台座上还设置有动力电机、与动力电机输出轴连接的液压泵、液压油箱，置于液压泵与液压油箱之间油路上的液压阀组。
     
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