WO2018079677A1 - Dispositif générateur d'énergie solaire concentrée - Google Patents

Dispositif générateur d'énergie solaire concentrée Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018079677A1
WO2018079677A1 PCT/JP2017/038771 JP2017038771W WO2018079677A1 WO 2018079677 A1 WO2018079677 A1 WO 2018079677A1 JP 2017038771 W JP2017038771 W JP 2017038771W WO 2018079677 A1 WO2018079677 A1 WO 2018079677A1
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Prior art keywords
concentrating solar
solar cell
power generation
concentrating
tracking
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PCT/JP2017/038771
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
誠和 中谷
山田　昇
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株式会社サンマリオン
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Publication of WO2018079677A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018079677A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/30—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
    • H02S20/32—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/10—Cleaning arrangements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a concentrating solar power generation device.
  • Patent Document 5 a solar power generation device including the tracking device as described above has been proposed.
  • a general tracking device is large in order to realize a structure excellent in wind resistance, but the solar cell load is not large for that. For this reason, a distributed movable type tracking device has also been proposed, but the mechanism of the tracking device is complicated and the cost increases. In addition, the tracking device has a large problem during installation and transportation.
  • a conventional general tracking device uses a component having no or very low light transmission as its constituent member. Then, for example, when a concentrating solar cell panel capable of transmitting incident scattered light is controlled by a general tracking device, the scattered light transmitted through the concentrating solar cell panel is transmitted to the tracking device. The utility value of the concentrating solar cell panel which cannot transmit and can transmit scattered light will fall.
  • an object of the present invention is provided with a concentrating solar cell panel and a dispersion movable tracking device, and is capable of condensing direct light at high magnification, and at the same time, scattered light.
  • the concentrating solar power generation device (hereinafter, also referred to as “concentrating solar power generation device ⁇ ”) A plurality of concentrating solar panels arranged in an array and converting sunlight into electric power; A driving device for driving the plurality of concentrating solar cell panels; A control device for controlling the drive amount of the drive device so that the plurality of concentrating solar cell panels track a preset solar orbit, A concentrating solar power generation device including a tracking device, Each of the concentrating solar cell panels (hereinafter also referred to as “concentrating solar cell panel ⁇ ”) A concentrator that collects sunlight; A highly transmissive plate that receives the sunlight collected by the condenser and transmits at least a scattered light component of the sunlight; A plurality of solar cells that receive the sunlight collected by the condenser and generate power; and A circuit provided on a part of the surface of the highly transmissive plate and electrically connectable to the solar battery cell; Each of the solar cells is dispersedly disposed on the surface of the highly transmissive plate, The solar cell
  • a concentrating solar power generation device (hereinafter, also referred to as “concentrating solar power generation device ⁇ ”) A plurality of concentrating solar panels arranged in an array and converting sunlight into electric power; A driving device for driving the plurality of concentrating solar cell panels; A control device for controlling the drive amount of the drive device so that the plurality of concentrating solar cell panels track a preset solar orbit, A concentrating solar power generation device including a tracking device, Each of the concentrating solar cell panels (hereinafter also referred to as “concentrating solar cell panel ⁇ ”) A concentrator that collects sunlight; A highly transmissive plate that receives the sunlight collected by the condenser and transmits at least a scattered light component of the sunlight; A plurality of solar cells that receive the sunlight collected by the condenser and generate power; and A circuit provided on a part of the surface of the highly transmissive plate and electrically connectable to the solar battery cell; Each of the solar cells is dispersedly disposed on the surface opposite to the light receiving surface of the high transmitt
  • a concentrating solar power generation device (hereinafter, also referred to as “concentrating solar power generation device ⁇ ”), A plurality of concentrating solar panels arranged in an array and converting sunlight into electric power; A driving device for driving the plurality of concentrating solar cell panels; A control device for controlling the drive amount of the drive device so that the plurality of concentrating solar cell panels track a preset solar orbit, A concentrating solar power generation device including a tracking device, Each of the concentrating solar cell panels (hereinafter also referred to as “concentrating solar cell panel ⁇ ”) A concentrator that collects sunlight; A plurality of solar cells that receive the sunlight collected by the condenser and generate power; and A circuit electrically connectable to the solar cell, The plurality of solar cells are arranged in a distributed manner in the concentrating solar cell panel, with spaces provided between them.
  • the total light receiving area of the solar battery cell is 10% or less of the total sunlight incident area
  • the tracking device is Made of a material that transmits the scattered light component from the sunlight,
  • a plurality of trackers each mounting the plurality of concentrating solar cell panels;
  • Each of the plurality of trackers is A holding member for mounting the concentrating solar cell panel;
  • the plurality of concentrating solar cell panels are centrally controlled by one control device via the plurality of trackers.
  • the concentrating solar power generation device ⁇ is provided with the concentrating solar cell panel ⁇ , and the concentrating solar power generation device ⁇ is provided with the concentrating solar cell panel ⁇ .
  • the concentrating solar power generation device ⁇ is provided with a concentrating solar cell panel ⁇ . Scattering caused by concentrating solar cell panels ⁇ , ⁇ , and ⁇ , especially by concentrating solar cell panels ⁇ and ⁇ , such as a decrease in conversion efficiency due to temperature rise in conventional concentrating solar cell panels Light can be transmitted at a high rate.
  • the concentrating solar cell panels ⁇ , ⁇ , and ⁇ particularly according to the concentrating solar cell panels ⁇ and ⁇ , it is not possible with a normal non-condensing solar cell panel or a low-magnification concentrating solar cell panel.
  • the incident light it is possible to use the scattered light for purposes other than power generation, and it is also possible to generate power by condensing direct light at a high magnification.
  • the concentrating solar cell panels ⁇ , ⁇ , and ⁇ have a high heat dissipation characteristic in which a decrease in the condensing rate is suppressed as much as possible even when the focal point is misaligned.
  • the concentrating solar cell panels ⁇ , ⁇ , and ⁇ if another low-cost solar cell is installed on the lower surface side of the solar cell, it is possible to generate power from scattered light and further increase the power generation amount. it can.
  • each of the trackers on which the concentrating solar cell panels ⁇ , ⁇ , and ⁇ are mounted can be driven by the driving device.
  • the concentrating solar power generation devices ⁇ , ⁇ , and ⁇ that are distributed and movable and have a tracking device with a simple structure can be realized at low cost.
  • Each of the plurality of trackers drives at least three points on the holding member based on the controlled driving amount of the driving device, so that the concentrating solar cell panel is set in advance.
  • Tracking It is preferable that the driving device includes at least three driving units that respectively drive the at least three points of the holding member.
  • the concentrating solar cell panel ⁇ is simple in structure. , ⁇ , and ⁇ can be more accurately tracked to the solar orbit.
  • the tracking mechanism is A support column supporting the holding member; A base portion that supports the support portion, It is preferable that a ring for connecting the holding member and the support column is further provided.
  • the holding member and the support column are connected by the ring, the holding member is driven smoothly through the ring.
  • the concentrating solar cell panels ⁇ , ⁇ , and ⁇ can be more accurately tracked in the solar orbit.
  • a gantry on which the tracking device is mounted further comprises a rectangular case made of a transparent member provided to cover the entire tracking device, It is preferable that at least one surface of the case is inclined.
  • a cleaning device for cleaning the light receiving side surface of each of the concentrating solar cell panels is further provided above the plurality of concentrating solar cell panels.
  • the light receiving side surfaces of the concentrating solar cell panels ⁇ , ⁇ , and ⁇ are maintained in a cleaner state, and the concentrating solar power generation devices ⁇ , ⁇ , and ⁇ have higher power generation efficiency.
  • the direct light can be blocked at a higher ratio, and the scattered light can be transmitted more efficiently.
  • the plurality of tracking devices are preferably driven simultaneously by one control device via the driving device.
  • a plurality of tracking devices can be centrally controlled via one control device, and a concentrating solar power generation device ⁇ , ⁇ , and ⁇ having a plurality of tracking devices with a simple structure is realized. can do.
  • the present invention it is possible to collect direct light at a high magnification and generate power with high efficiency and to cut off at a high ratio, and at the same time, it can efficiently transmit scattered light and be used for multiple purposes.
  • a concentrating solar power generation apparatus that is small in size, excellent in installation convenience and transportability in transportation, and having an open feeling at low cost.
  • FIG. 1A and 1B are schematic explanatory views showing a configuration example of a concentrating solar cell panel according to Example 1, where FIG. 1A is a plan view and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a result of predicting the temperature of the solar battery cell by thermal analysis simulation in Example 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration example of a concentrating solar cell panel according to Example 2, in which (a) is a plan view and (b) is a cross-sectional view.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration example of a concentrating solar cell panel according to Example 3, where (a) is a plan view and (b) is a cross-sectional view.
  • FIG. 1A and 1B are schematic explanatory views showing a configuration example of a concentrating solar cell panel according to Example 1, where FIG. 1A is a plan view and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view.
  • FIG. 2 is
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic explanatory diagram (cross-sectional view) showing a configuration example of a concentrating solar cell panel according to Example 4.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration example of the concentrating solar cell panel according to Examples 5 and 6, where (a) is a cross-sectional view of the concentrating solar cell panel, and (b) is a cross-sectional view of the cell package.
  • FIG. 3C is a cross-sectional view of the cell package.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic explanatory view illustrating a configuration example of a concentrating solar cell panel according to Example 7, in which (a) is a cross-sectional view and (b) is a plan view.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration example of the concentrating solar cell panel according to Examples 5 and 6, where (a) is a cross-sectional view of the concentrating solar cell panel, and (b) is a cross-sectional view of the cell package.
  • FIG. 3C is
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration example of a concentrating solar cell panel according to Example 8, where (a) is a cross-sectional view of the concentrating solar cell panel, and (b) is a cross-sectional view of the cell package. is there.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration example of a concentrating solar cell panel according to Example 9, in which (a) is a plan view and (b) is a cross-sectional view.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic explanatory diagram illustrating an example of the tracking device that configures the concentrating solar power generation device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing an example of the structure of a tracker constituting the tracking device in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic explanatory view showing a structure example of a folded state of the tracker constituting the tracking device in one embodiment of the present invention, and (a) is a diagram seen from substantially above the tracker. ) Is a diagram seen from the lateral direction of the tracker.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing an example of a wiring / transmission shaft structure for realizing control of the tracking device constituting the concentrating solar power generation device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a wiring / transmission shaft structure for realizing control of the tracking device that configures the concentrating solar power generation device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic explanatory view showing a structure example of a folded state of the tracker constituting the tracking device in one embodiment of the present invention, and (a) is a diagram seen from substantially above the tracker. ) Is a diagram seen from the lateral direction of the tracker.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic explanatory diagram illustrating an example of the tracking device that configures the concentrating solar power generation device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration example of a concentrating solar power generation device including a plurality of tracking devices according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a tracking device that constitutes a concentrating solar power generation device including a cleaning device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration example of a concentrating solar power generation device including a plurality of tracking devices according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a tracking device that constitutes a concentrating solar power generation device including a cleaning device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a diagram three-dimensionally illustrating a configuration example of a concentrating solar power generation device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and (a) is a diagram of the concentrating solar power generation device including a tracking device, (B) is a figure of the concentrating solar power generation device provided with the some tracking apparatus.
  • FIG. 19 is a diagram three-dimensionally showing an example of mounting the concentrating solar power generation device according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration example of a ribbon used for the tracker of the tracking device that configures the concentrating solar power generation device according to the embodiment of the present invention, and (a) is a straight line before winding.
  • the state figure and (b) are the figure of the state wound up.
  • FIG. 21 is the schematic of the tracking apparatus which comprises the concentrating solar power generation device which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention used for the experiment example, (a) is a schematic top view of a tracking apparatus, (b) Is a schematic side view of the tracking device in the longitudinal direction, and (c) is a schematic side view of the tracking device in the short direction.
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic perspective view of a solar cell module used in the experimental example, in which no light-shielding object is disposed.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic perspective view of a solar cell module used in the experimental example in which the tracking device shown in FIG. 21 is arranged.
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic perspective view of a solar cell module used in the experimental example and provided with a light blocking object.
  • FIG. 25 is an IV curve showing the results of a sunlight transmission / light-shielding experiment performed using each of the solar cell modules shown in FIGS.
  • the concentrating solar power generation devices ⁇ and ⁇ are collectively referred to as a concentrating solar power generation device I, and the concentrating solar power generation device ⁇ is also referred to as a concentrating solar power generation device II. .
  • the concentrating solar power generation apparatus ⁇ is at least: (1) A plurality of concentrating solar cell panels ⁇ arranged in an array and converting sunlight into electric power, (2) a driving device for driving a plurality of concentrating solar cell panels ⁇ ; (3) a control device that controls the drive amount of the drive device so that the plurality of concentrating solar cell panels ⁇ track a preset solar orbit, (4) A tracking device is provided.
  • the concentrating solar power generation apparatus ⁇ is at least: (1) A plurality of concentrating solar cell panels ⁇ arranged in an array and converting sunlight into electric power; (2) a driving device for driving a plurality of concentrating solar cell panels ⁇ ; (3) a control device that controls the drive amount of the drive device so that the plurality of concentrating solar cell panels ⁇ track a preset solar orbit; (4) A tracking device is provided.
  • the concentrating solar power generation device ⁇ is at least: (1) a plurality of concentrating solar cell panels ⁇ arranged in an array and converting sunlight into electric power; (2) a driving device for driving a plurality of concentrating solar cell panels ⁇ , (3) a control device that controls the drive amount of the drive device so that a plurality of concentrating solar cell panels ⁇ track a preset solar orbit, (4) A tracking device is provided.
  • Each of the concentrating solar cell panel ⁇ provided in the concentrating solar power generation device ⁇ and each of the concentrating solar cell panel ⁇ provided in the concentrating solar power generation device ⁇ is at least the following: (1-1) to (1-4) are provided.
  • the concentrating solar cell panels ⁇ and ⁇ are collectively referred to as a concentrating solar cell panel I.
  • (1-1) A collector for collecting sunlight (1-2)
  • a circuit provided on a part of the surface of the high transmission plate and electrically connectable to the solar cells
  • each of the solar battery cells is dispersedly arranged on the surface of the high transmission plate.
  • the total light receiving area of the solar battery cell is 10% or less of the total sunlight incident area
  • the light receiving area of the high transmission plate is 80% or more of the total sunlight incident area.
  • the total light receiving area of each member that is arranged on the high transmission plate and is connected to the solar cell to constitute the electric circuit is It is preferably set to less than 10% of the total sunlight incident area. If the total light receiving area of the solar battery cell exceeds 10% of the total sunlight incident area, it becomes difficult to produce a target concentrating solar battery panel I with ultra-high magnification.
  • the light-receiving area of the high-transmitting plate is less than 80% of the total sunlight incident area, not only is the scattered light used for other purposes other than power generation, but it remains in the panel without being transmitted. Scattered light becomes extra heat, increasing the risk of adversely affecting the equipment in the panel.
  • the concentrating solar cell panel I will be described in detail based on examples shown in the drawings.
  • the concentrating solar cell panel I used for this invention is not limited to these Examples at all.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration example of the concentrating solar cell panel ⁇ according to the first embodiment.
  • Fig.1 (a) shows the top view of the concentrating solar cell panel 10 (10a).
  • FIG. 1B shows a cross-sectional view of the concentrating solar cell panel 10 (10a) taken along the line AA ′ of FIG.
  • the concentrating solar cell panel 10 a includes a concentrator (cell-sealed concentrator) 11 that condenses sunlight, a high transmission plate 12, It is comprised from the photovoltaic cell 13, the metal film 14, the metal wire 15 which electrically connects the photovoltaic cells 13 and 13, and the lead wire 16 which takes out the generated electric power of a group of photovoltaic cells 13 outside. ing.
  • a concentrator cell-sealed concentrator
  • the high transmission plate 12 is preferably made of a material having a sunlight transmittance of 80% or more, and a plate material made of a resin such as an acrylic resin or a polycarbonate resin can be used in addition to a glass plate.
  • the metal film 14 is preferably made of a material having high electrical conductivity, and for example, a metal such as copper, aluminum, or gold can be used. Moreover, not only a metal but a material with high electrical conductivity can be used as the metal film 14.
  • the metal film 14 is formed in close contact with the surface of the high transmission plate 12 on the collector 11 side, and two metal films 14 a and 14 b are formed on one island 13.
  • the back electrode (in this case, the + electrode) of the solar battery cell 13 is formed in close contact with the surface of the one metal film 14a on the collector 11 side. Further, a metal wire 15 is bonded from the surface electrode (here, the negative electrode) of the solar battery cell 13 to the surface of the other metal film 14b.
  • the circuit connection configuration as described above is employed in order to improve productivity, but the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto. You may employ
  • the metal wire 15 for example, a metal having high electrical conductivity such as copper, aluminum, or gold can be used.
  • the solar cells 13 are electrically connected in 4 series and 4 parallel (4 ⁇ 4 array), and are connected to the negative and positive lead wires 16 and 16 attached to the elongated metal films 14t and 14t at both ends. The generated power can be taken out.
  • a thin strip-shaped metal plate or the like can also be used as the metal wire 15, in addition to a thin wire having a diameter of several tens of microns used for wire bonding.
  • the series and parallel connection patterns can be arbitrarily set according to the level of current and voltage to be extracted.
  • the circuit includes the metal film 14 and the metal wire 15, and the metal film 14 dispersively disperses on the surface of the high transmission plate 12 while supporting the solar cell 13.
  • the metal wire 15 is installed in close contact with the highly transmissive plate 12 so as to be electrically insulated, and the metal wire 15 electrically connects between the metal film 14 and the solar battery cell 13 to form a series or parallel electric circuit. It is composed.
  • the concentrator 11 is placed so that all the constituent members of the solar cell 13 on the concentrator 11 side of the high transmission plate 12, the metal film 14, and the metal wire 15 are sealed with the material of the concentrator 11.
  • the light receiving side surface of the condenser 11 is a dome-shaped lens array.
  • the material of the collector 11 is suitably a transparent acrylic resin, a transparent silicone resin, glass, or the like. In such a collector 11, the incident light beam is refracted only once at the boundary surface between air having a low refractive index and a lens array having a high refractive index. Suitable for light magnification.
  • a concentrator 11 manufactured in advance by injection molding or the like, and other constituent members using another transparent material having a refractive index substantially equal to the refractive index of the material of the concentrator 11 and having an adhesive action The same effect can be obtained even when these are joined.
  • the direct light L1 is transmitted by the concentrator 11 as shown in FIG. It is condensed on the battery cell 13 and converted into electricity.
  • the scattered light L2 incident from all directions is not condensed on the solar battery cell 13, and most of the light passes through (transmits) the high transmission plate 12.
  • the ratio of the circuit area is preferably less than 10%.
  • the photovoltaic cell 13 what has the cell conversion efficiency at the time of condensing of 35% or more, such as a compound type multi-junction solar cell, is preferable.
  • the solar cells 13 are preferably as small as possible.
  • the focal length FL shown in FIG. 1B is shortened, and the overall height of the condenser 11 can be suppressed low.
  • the amount of light absorption inside the collector 11 is reduced, and the light transmission is improved.
  • the size of the solar battery cell 13 is reduced, the temperature reached by the solar battery cell 13 is lowered due to the effect of the heat source being dispersed, as shown in the thermal analysis simulation result described later (see FIG. 2). Efficiency and long-term reliability are improved.
  • a solar battery cell 13 having a size of 1 mm ⁇ 1 mm or less, more preferably 0.5 mm ⁇ 0.5 mm or less. This size is similar to that of an LED chip, and there is an advantage that an LED mounting technology can be applied (applied).
  • a material having high electrical insulation may be inserted between the metal film 14 and the high transmission plate 12. Further, the metal wire 15 may be coated with a material having high electrical insulation.
  • various bonding methods such as a plating method, a brazing method, a solid phase bonding method, a welding method, and a molten metal bonding method are employed in addition to using a highly conductive adhesive. be able to.
  • the direct light L1 is a substantially parallel sunlight ray (viewing angle ⁇ 0.256 ° to ⁇ 5 °) that is directly incident from the sun's photosphere and its vicinity, and the scattered light L2 is scattered by fine particles or gas in the atmosphere. Sun rays entering from the whole sky.
  • the direct light L1 can be condensed at a high magnification by a lens or a mirror, but the scattered light L2 has a characteristic that it can only be weakly condensed due to thermodynamic limitations.
  • direct light L1 accounts for about 60% of the annual solar radiation
  • scattered light L2 accounts for the remaining 40%.
  • direct light L1 which accounts for about 60% of the amount of solar radiation
  • direct light L1 is collected in an ultra-high efficiency solar cell 13 having a cell conversion efficiency of about 40% (more than 50% is expected in the future). While generating light, it transmits most of the scattered light L2, which accounts for about 40% of the amount of solar radiation per year.
  • the scattered light L2 does not hit the solar battery cell 13 and is transmitted, but since the conversion efficiency of the solar battery cell 13 is high and a tracking device described later is provided, The amount of received direct light L1 increases.
  • the concentrating solar cell panel 10a As a result, in the concentrating solar cell panel 10a, a power generation amount that is greater than that of the conventional solar cell panel is realized even from the direct light L1. And since most of the scattered light L2 permeate
  • Example 2 the result of having predicted the temperature of the photovoltaic cell 13 by thermal analysis simulation in Example 1 is shown.
  • the scattered light transmittance of 70% is Example 1 (the present invention), and for comparison, a conventional example of scattered light transmittance of 0% is also shown.
  • the analysis conditions of this thermal analysis are as follows.
  • Direct light 600 W / m 2
  • Scattered light 400 W / m 2 Outside temperature: 25 °C
  • Convective heat transfer coefficient h 5.7 W / m 2 K (no wind)
  • Geometric condensing magnification 300 times When the cell size is 1 mm ⁇ 1 mm, the light receiving surface size is 17.32 mm ⁇ 17.32 mm, and the geometric light condensing is obtained by dividing the light receiving surface area by the cell area. The magnification is 300 times. Therefore, the light receiving area (including the circuit area) of the highly transmissive plate 12 is 90% or more of the total sunlight incident area.
  • the circuit of the metal film 14 is usually opaque, considering this, 80% or more is set as the light receiving (transmitting) area of the high transmission plate 12 effective for transmission.
  • this light receiving (transmitting) area 80% is multiplied by the sunlight transmittance 90% of the material of the high transmission plate 12, the scattered light transmittance is about 70%.
  • Example 1 the present invention
  • the cell temperature is about 100 ° C., which satisfies the temperature use condition of a compound multi-junction solar cell or the like.
  • the cell size is made small (for example, 0.5 mm x 0.5 mm)
  • it turns out that cell temperature falls further. This is because the cell peripheral length (heat dissipating surface) with respect to the cell area increases by reducing the cell size and the heat resistance is reduced by reducing the lens focal length, etc. Because it is done.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration example of the concentrating solar cell panel ⁇ according to the second embodiment.
  • Fig.3 (a) shows the top view of the concentrating solar cell panel 10 (10b).
  • FIG. 3B shows a cross-sectional view of the concentrating solar cell panel 10 (10b) taken along the line BB ′ in FIG.
  • the concentrating solar cell panel 10b is comprised from the same member as the concentrating solar cell panel 10a which concerns on Example 1, in the electrical connection of the photovoltaic cells 13 and 13, shorten the metal wire 15, Instead, the metal film 14 is lengthened.
  • the area of the opaque portion is slightly increased as compared with the concentrating solar cell panel 10a according to Example 1, but it is easy to reduce the series resistance of the connection circuit. In the case of a high current, the conversion efficiency can be maintained.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration example of the concentrating solar cell panel ⁇ according to the third embodiment.
  • Fig.4 (a) shows the top view of the concentrating solar cell panel 10 (10c).
  • FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view of the concentrating solar cell panel 10 (10c) taken along the line CC ′ in FIG.
  • the concentrating solar panel 10c is different from the concentrating solar panel 10a according to the first embodiment and the concentrating solar panel 10b according to the second embodiment. 13 and 13 are different in electrical connection method.
  • the collector 11 will be explained. Unlike Example 1 and 2, in Example 3, the air layer 17 exists between the surface which mounted the collector 11 and the photovoltaic cell 13 as shown in FIG.4 (b). Due to the presence of the air layer 17, incident light rays are refracted at the interface between the collector material (lens material) having a high refractive index and the air having a low refractive index when exiting from the collector 11. The direction changes. Therefore, such a separate concentrator 11 is suitable when the light condensing magnification is as high as about 300 times or more. Further, as the separate type condenser 11, a thin condenser such as a Fresnel lens is suitable.
  • the third embodiment has a configuration in which a transparent conductive film (for example, an ITO film) 18 bears most of the electrical connection.
  • a transparent conductive film for example, an ITO film
  • two metal films 14 a and 14 b are formed in an island shape with respect to one solar battery cell 13, but transparent between the metal films 14 a and 14 b and the high transmission plate 12.
  • the conductive film 18 is patterned by sputtering or the like.
  • the solar cells 13 and 13 are electrically connected to each other by the metal wire 15.
  • the transparent conductive film 18 electrically connects the solar cells 13 and 13 to each other. Connected to.
  • the circuit includes the metal film 14, the metal wire 15, and the transparent conductive film 18, and the metal film 14 supports the solar battery cell 13 and the surface of the highly transmissive plate 12.
  • the metal wire 15 and the transparent conductive film 18 are electrically connected between the metal film 14 and the solar battery cell 13 so as to be dispersed and in close contact with the highly transmissive plate 12. Connected to form a series or parallel electric circuit.
  • a complicated series-parallel connection circuit can be formed relatively easily by patterning, and the transmittance can be further improved as compared with the first and second embodiments.
  • the solar cells 13 may be directly disposed on the transparent conductive film 18 without providing the metal films 14a and 14b.
  • a layer made of another material is inserted between both members. May be.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration example of the concentrating solar cell panel ⁇ according to the fourth embodiment, and shows a cross-sectional view of the concentrating solar cell panel 10 (10d).
  • Example 4 a low-cost non-condensing solar cell 23 is installed on the lower surface side of the high transmission plate 12 in the concentrating solar cell panel 10b according to Example 2.
  • transmitted the highly transmissive board 12 of the concentrating solar cell panel 10d can be converted into electricity. That is, unlike the first to third embodiments, in the fourth embodiment, the scattered light L2 transmitted through the high transmission plate 12 is used to further improve the total power generation amount of the concentrating solar power generation device ⁇ . be able to.
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B are schematic explanatory diagrams illustrating a configuration example of the concentrating solar cell panel ⁇ according to the fifth embodiment.
  • Fig.6 (a) shows sectional drawing of the concentrating solar cell panel 10 (10e).
  • FIG. 6B shows a cross-sectional view of the cell package 30 (30e1).
  • the concentrating solar cell panel has an extremely high magnification, the panel is easily out of focus even with a slight tracking error due to the tracking mechanism provided in the concentrating solar power generation device. For this reason, it is desirable that the ultrahigh-magnification concentrating solar panel be provided with a structure capable of ensuring and maintaining condensing on the solar cells even when the focus is slightly deviated. .
  • the concentrating solar cell panel 10e according to Example 5 is an example of a panel that can sufficiently secure and maintain the condensing light on the solar cells 13 regardless of a slight shift in focus.
  • the method of mounting the solar battery cell 13 on the metal film circuit is as follows. As shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the solar battery cell 13 and members such as the light receiving guide 31, the conductive cell mounting member (die attach member) 32, the insulator 33, and the conductive bridge 34 are previously provided. A plurality of integrated cell packages 30e1 are prepared (in a separate process), and a structure in which positive and negative electrode planes are connected to the lower surface of the cell package 30e1 (in this embodiment, the lower surface of the conductive bridge 34) is provided. At this time, the light receiving guide 31 and the conductive bridge 34 are also insulated by the insulator.
  • Adhesion is completed by mounting the cell package 30e1 on the metal film 14 in which the solder 35 has been applied in advance to the connection locations and heating in a reflow furnace or the like.
  • Such a mounting method is suitable for mass production because a large number of cell packages 30e1 can be mounted at high speed by a robot or the like.
  • the light receiving guide 31 in the cell package 30e1 further includes a reflecting surface 31a that reflects the sunlight collected by the condenser 11 and guides it to the light receiving surface of the solar battery cell 13.
  • the illustrated reflecting surface 31 a is an inclined surface that is inclined while narrowing toward the solar battery cell 13.
  • the inclined surface is preferably a quadrangular pyramid when the solar battery cell 13 has a quadrangular shape, and preferably has a conical shape when the solar battery cell 13 has a circular shape.
  • a rotational composite paraboloid shape or the like may be used.
  • the reflecting surface 31a it is preferable to use aluminum, silver or the like and perform a treatment such as vapor deposition or plating with high reflectance so that the mirror reflectance is 80% or more.
  • FIG. 6A and 6C are schematic explanatory diagrams illustrating a configuration example of the concentrating solar cell panel ⁇ according to the sixth embodiment.
  • Fig.6 (a) shows sectional drawing of the concentrating solar cell panel 10 (10e).
  • FIG. 6C shows a cross-sectional view of the cell package 30 (30e2).
  • the concentrating solar cell panel 10e according to the sixth embodiment focuses light on the solar cells 13 regardless of a slight shift in focus. It is an example of a panel that not only can be sufficiently secured and maintained, but also has improved and improved heat dissipation performance.
  • the cell package 30e2 according to the sixth embodiment has substantially the same configuration as that of the cell package 30e1 according to the fifth embodiment. However, as shown in FIG.
  • the heat dissipating fin 36 having a part of the guide 31 (preferably made of aluminum) protruded is provided. In order to improve the heat radiation performance while maintaining the transmittance, the heat radiation fin 36 is projected so that the projection surface of the heat radiation fin 36 substantially overlaps the metal film 14 when the cell package 30e2 is viewed from directly above. 36 is preferably arranged.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration example of the concentrating solar cell panel ⁇ according to the seventh embodiment.
  • Fig.7 (a) shows sectional drawing of the concentrating solar cell panel 10 (10f).
  • FIG.7 (b) shows the top view of the concentrating solar cell panel 10 (10f).
  • Example 7 aims to further reduce the temperature of the solar battery cell 13 as in Example 6 above.
  • the honeycomb structure material 37 is disposed on the lower surface of the high transmission plate 12. It is affixed to.
  • the material of the honeycomb structure material 37 may be a transparent resin or the like in addition to a metal such as aluminum. When metal is used, it becomes opaque, so it is necessary to suppress the height (thickness) of the honeycomb structure material 37. Further, the installation of the honeycomb structure material 37 increases the heat radiation area.
  • FIGS. 8A and 8B are schematic explanatory diagrams illustrating a configuration example of the concentrating solar cell panel ⁇ according to the eighth embodiment.
  • Fig.8 (a) shows sectional drawing of the concentrating solar cell panel 10 (10g).
  • FIG. 8B shows a cross-sectional view of the cell package 30 (30g).
  • the heat dissipation performance of the concentrating solar cell panel 10g according to Example 8 is promoted and improved. It is an example of the made panel.
  • the thickness of a high transmission plate such as a glass plate is required to be about 3 to 5 mm in order to ensure the rigidity of the concentrating solar cell panel.
  • the solar battery cell is likely to reach a high temperature because the thermal resistance between the solar battery cell, the high transmission plate and the outside air is high.
  • Reference numeral 34 b denotes a conductor that connects the conductive bridge 34 and the metal film 14.
  • the thickness of the sealing material 38 can be arbitrarily adjusted without worrying about panel rigidity.
  • the distance LB from the position of the cell 13 to the outside air can be much shorter.
  • the thermal radiation amount of the concentrating solar cell panel 10g can be increased, and the temperature of the solar cell 13 is reduced.
  • a heat radiating fin a heat spreader or the like (none of which is shown) in the vicinity of the cell package 30g.
  • a heat spreader it is preferable to use a thin film having a high thermal conductivity in the surface direction, such as a graphene sheet.
  • the outside air side surface of the sealing material 38 can be subjected to a treatment such as antifouling coating and a hard coat resistant to scratches.
  • Each of the concentrating solar cell panels ⁇ included in the concentrating solar power generation device ⁇ includes at least the following (1′-1) to (1′-3).
  • the concentrating solar cell panel ⁇ is also referred to as a concentrating solar cell panel II.
  • (1'-1) Concentrator for concentrating sunlight
  • (1'-2) A plurality of solar cells
  • (1'-3) solar cells that receive sunlight collected by the concentrator and generate electric power Circuits that can be electrically connected to cells
  • the plurality of solar cells are arranged in a distributed manner with spaces therebetween.
  • the total light receiving area of the solar battery cell is 10% or less of the total sunlight incident area.
  • the total light receiving area (total area that blocks the incident of scattered light from sunlight other than solar cells) of each member that constitutes an electric circuit connected to the solar cells is less than 10% of the total sunlight incident area It is preferable that it is set to. If the total light receiving area of the solar battery cell exceeds 10% of the total sunlight incident area, it becomes difficult to produce a target concentrating solar battery panel II with a super-high magnification.
  • the concentrating solar cell panel II basically has a structure in which a highly transmissive plate is removed from the structure of the concentrating solar cell panel I, and the material and arrangement of its constituent members are the concentrating solar cell. It may be the same as that of panel I.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration example of the concentrating solar cell panel ⁇ according to the ninth embodiment.
  • Fig.9 (a) shows the top view of the concentrating solar cell panel 10 (10h).
  • FIG. 9B shows a cross-sectional view of the concentrating solar cell panel 10 (10h) taken along the line HH ′ of FIG. 9A.
  • the concentrating solar cell panel ⁇ according to Example 9 has a structure in which the high-transmitting plate 12 is removed from the structure of the concentrating solar cell panel ⁇ according to Example 1 illustrated in FIG. 1, for example.
  • a concentrating solar panel 10 shown in FIG. 9 includes a concentrator (cell-sealed concentrator) 11 that condenses sunlight, a solar cell 13, a metal film 14, and a solar cell 13. , 13 are electrically connected to each other, and a lead wire 16 that takes out a group of generated power of the solar battery cell 13 to the outside.
  • the plurality of metal films 14 and the solar cells 13 on the surfaces thereof are respectively provided on the surface of the support member 19b.
  • the plurality of support members 19b are arranged in a housing (not shown) of the concentrating solar cell panel 10 with a space 19a provided therebetween.
  • the metal film 14 is formed in close contact with the surface of the support member 19b on the collector 11 side, and two metal films 14a and 14b are formed in an island shape with respect to one solar cell 13. And the back surface electrode (here + electrode) of the photovoltaic cell 13 is closely_contact
  • the circuit connection configuration as described above is employed in order to improve productivity, but the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto. You may employ
  • the circuit includes a metal film 14 and a metal wire 15, and the metal wire 15 electrically connects the metal film 14 and the solar battery cell 13 to provide electric power in series or in parallel.
  • the circuit is configured.
  • the collector 11 is formed so that all the constituent members of the solar battery cell 13, the metal film 14, and the metal wire 15 are sealed with the material of the collector 11.
  • the light-receiving side surface of the condenser 11 is a dome-shaped lens array.
  • the direct light L1 is transmitted by the concentrator 11 as shown in FIG. It is condensed on the battery cell 13 and converted into electricity.
  • the scattered light L2 incident from all directions is not condensed on the solar cells 13, and most of the light passes through the space 19 a between the solar cells 13.
  • the support member 19b may be arrange
  • a member made of a resin such as an acrylic resin or a polycarbonate resin in addition to a glass member can be used as the support member 19b.
  • the ratio of the circuit area is preferably less than 10%.
  • the direct light L1 is collected and generated on the ultra-high efficiency solar cell 13 having a cell conversion efficiency of about 40%, while most of the scattered light L2 is transmitted.
  • the scattered light L2 does not hit the solar battery cell 13 and is transmitted, but since the conversion efficiency of the solar battery cell 13 is high and a tracking device described later is provided, The amount of received direct light L1 increases.
  • the concentrating solar cell panel 10h a power generation amount that is greater than that of the conventional solar cell panel is realized even from the direct light L1 alone.
  • the concentrating solar power generation device ⁇ can be used for other applications that require sunlight as described later. It is.
  • the concentrating solar cell panel 10h is a new concentrating solar cell panel that can distribute precious sunlight to power generation and other uses without waste.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic explanatory view showing an example of the tracking device constituting the concentrating solar power generation device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the tracking device 500 includes a plurality of trackers 100 on which each of the concentrating solar cell panels 10 arranged in an array is mounted.
  • the tracking device 500 is disposed on a gantry 20a provided on a base 20c via a column 20b.
  • the size of the tracker 100 is preferably about 10 cm to 50 cm square, for example, and the size of the tracker 500 is preferably about 1 m ⁇ 2 m, for example.
  • each of the concentrating solar cell panels 10 mounted on the tracking device 500 is inclined upward toward the north side, but the gantry 20a may be inclined in other directions. You don't have to.
  • the number of concentrating solar cell panels 10 arranged in an array, the size of the tracker 100, the size of the tracking device 500, etc. are merely examples, and these are shown in FIG. It is not limited to.
  • the tracking device 500 is made of a material that transmits a scattered light component that has passed through the highly transmissive plate 12 provided in the concentrating solar cell panel 10 or a scattered light component that has passed through the space 19 a between the solar cells 13.
  • the plurality of trackers 100 provided in the tracking device 500 are preferably made of a material having a sunlight transmittance of 80% or more, like the high-transmitting plate 12, and other than glass, such as acrylic resin, polycarbonate resin, and the like. Resin can be used.
  • the tracking device 500 is made of a material that transmits the scattered light component that has passed through the high-transmitting plate 12 or the scattered light component that has passed through the space 19a between the solar cells 13, the tracking device 500 In addition, the scattered light can be transmitted efficiently, and the utility value of the concentrating solar cell panel 10 capable of transmitting the scattered light can be further increased.
  • the tracking device 500 is arranged in the concentrating solar power generation device according to the present embodiment in that the utility value of the concentrating solar cell panel 10 capable of transmitting scattered light as described above is further increased.
  • the gantry 20a, the support column 20b, and the base 20c also transmit the scattered light component that has passed through the highly transmissive plate 12 or the scattered light component that has passed through the space 19a between the solar cells 13. It is preferable that it is comprised with the material to do.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic explanatory diagram illustrating an example of the structure of the tracker 100 included in the tracking device 500 in the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic explanatory diagram illustrating an example of the structure of the tracker 100 that configures the tracking device 500 in the folded state in the embodiment.
  • FIG. 12A is a view of the tracker 100 viewed from substantially above.
  • FIG. 12B is a diagram of the tracker 100 viewed from a substantially lateral direction.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a wiring / transmission shaft structure for realizing control of the tracking device 500 configuring the concentrating solar power generation device according to the present embodiment.
  • a concentrating solar power generation apparatus includes a tracking device 500 that includes a plurality of concentrators 100 shown in FIG.
  • the driving device 450 shown in FIG. 13 that drives the optical solar cell panel 10 and the drive amount of the driving device 450 are controlled so that the plurality of concentrating solar cell panels 10 track a preset solar orbit.
  • it has the control apparatus 400 shown in FIG.
  • the tracker 100 is connected to the holding member 110, for example, a T-shaped holding member 110 (consisting of a 110a portion and a 110b portion) on which the concentrating solar cell panel 10 is mounted on the upper surface. And a tracking mechanism.
  • the tracking mechanism is installed and used on the gantry 20a shown in FIG. 10 in a state where the concentrating solar cell panel 10 is mounted on the holding member 110 to be connected.
  • the tracker 100 drives the at least three points of the holding member 110 based on the controlled driving amount of the driving device 450, so that the concentrating solar cell panel 10 is preset. Configured to track the solar orbit.
  • the shape of the holding member 110 is T-shaped.
  • the three points on the T-shaped holding member 110 include, for example, three end portions (corresponding to the first drive point, the second drive point, and the third drive point).
  • the first end A and the second end B as a pair of ends facing each other include, for example, a first ribbon AT and a second end as shown in FIG.
  • the ribbons BT are respectively attached by screws, for example.
  • wire CT is attached to the 3rd end C as the remaining end via the opening Ch, for example.
  • elastic members such as a spring, for example in wire CT.
  • such a configuration is not required for the wire CT portion to be precisely controlled as to the first ribbon AT and the second ribbon BT, but the first ribbon AT and the second ribbon BT. This is because it is effective that an elastic member such as a spring is interposed in order to return the ribbon BT to the original position at a necessary timing.
  • the driving device 450 shown in FIG. 13 performs winding of each of the first ribbon AT and the second ribbon BT, for example, a first driving device 450a (first motor) that is a servo motor and a second driving.
  • a device 450b (second motor) and a third driving device 450c (third motor), for example, a stepping motor, for winding the wire CT are provided.
  • the control device 400 also controls the amount of winding of each of the first drive device 450a, the second drive device 450b, and the third drive device 450c (three drive units of the drive device 450).
  • a load provision member which provides a load to a 3rd drive point can be used instead of a 3rd motor as the 3rd drive device 450c.
  • a constant load spring for applying a constant load can be provided.
  • the tip of the constant load spring may be attached to the third end C without providing the wire CT.
  • the control device 400 controls the amount of winding of the first driving device 450a and the second driving device 450b and the third driving device 450c. The load applied by the driving device 450c is controlled.
  • the third driving device 450c when the third driving device 450c is composed of the load applying member, the remaining one of the three points is returned to the original position from the position where the other two points are driven, for example. Since it only needs to be driven, it can be realized with a structure that does not require precise position control unlike the control of the other two points.
  • each of the trackers 100 on which the concentrating solar cell panel 10 is mounted is driven by the driving device 450.
  • the driving device 450 can do. That is, the concentrating solar cell panel 10 can be more accurately tracked in the solar orbit by a structure in which the positions of the three points on the holding member 110 are controlled and driven.
  • a concentrating solar power generation device that is a distributed movable type and includes a tracking device 500 having a simple structure can be realized at low cost.
  • one control device 400 includes a plurality of concentrating solar cell panels 10 via the plurality of tracking units 100. Central control is possible.
  • the shape of a holding member is not limited to T shape. Absent.
  • the holding member can be of various shapes and can be mounted with a concentrating solar cell panel and can be driven by controlling the position of at least three of them. preferable. Further, as in the present embodiment, the position to be controlled and driven is not limited to three points, and may be four or more points. The number of ribbons, wires, and the like can be appropriately increased according to the number of positions to be controlled and driven.
  • the tracking mechanism includes a support column 150 that supports the holding member 110 and a base unit 210 that supports the support unit 150, and the base unit 210 is interposed via the attachment unit 200. It is installed on the gantry 20a.
  • the attachment unit 200 is shown as being provided in one set corresponding to the tracker 100. However, the attachment unit 200 is attached so that a plurality of trackers 100 are connected and installed on the gantry 20a.
  • the part 200 has a stretched structure.
  • the support column 150 is integrally formed with a head 130 having an opening and a shoulder 140 continuous with the head 130.
  • the holding member 110 and the support column 150 are coupled to each other so that the ring 120 passing through the opening in the head 130 is connected to the bottom of the support column 150.
  • the holding member 110 and the support column 150 are connected by the ring 120 that passes through the opening of the head 130, the driving of the holding member 110 is smoothly performed via the ring 120.
  • the concentrating solar cell panel 10 can be more accurately tracked in the solar orbit.
  • the base portion 210 is provided with a first guide 190a and a second guide 190b for passing the first ribbon AT and the second ribbon BT, respectively, and a protruding portion having an opening portion 230c for passing the wire CT.
  • 230 is further provided.
  • the first ribbon AT and the second ribbon BT can be accurately wound through the first guide 190a and the second guide 190b.
  • the wire CT can be accurately wound through the opening 230c of the protrusion 230.
  • the first ribbon AT, the second ribbon BT, and the wire CT are connected to, for example, the first traction point 320a, the second traction point 330a, and the third traction point 340a in FIG. And is driven by the drive amount of the drive device 450 controlled by the control device 400.
  • the support column 150 is provided with a pair of shoulder portions 140 that limit the driving amount of the holding member 110.
  • the first solar panel AT, the second ribbon BT, and the wire CT are wound with a controlled driving amount so that the concentrating solar cell panel 10 tracks a preset solar trajectory.
  • the holding member 110 is driven.
  • one of the first end A and the second end B, which is a pair of end portions moves according to the driving amount, and the ring 120 that connects the holding member 110 includes the head portion 130.
  • the holding member 110 has a role of preventing the entire holding member 110 from falling down by moving along the moving direction of the pair of end portions in the opening.
  • the shoulder 140 has a shape protruding in the left-right direction (defined as) perpendicular to the up-down direction (defined as) from the support 150 to the head 130.
  • the angle with respect to the up-down direction in the left-right direction of the shape that protrudes is, for example, an angle that becomes a vertical shape, and may be any angle that can prevent the holding member 110 from falling down, and is not particularly limited. Absent.
  • the tracker 100 is further formed with a wall portion 155 that holds the lower portion of the column portion 150 so as to cover, for example, three directions.
  • the base portion 210 is provided with a groove portion 210 h that can accommodate the column portion 150.
  • a penetrating member 220t for example, a screw
  • the support unit 150 allows the tracker 100 to function as a concentrating solar power generation device. It is possible to maintain an upright state during use.
  • the tracker 100 is transported as a concentrating solar power generation device, for example, before assembling, for example, a diagram viewed from a substantially upward direction in FIG.
  • FIG. 12A a diagram viewed from a substantially lateral direction in FIG.
  • the penetrating member 220t is removed, and the strut portion 150 is tilted through a structure in which the pair of support portions 170r at the bottom portion of the wall portion 155 sandwich the rotating structure 160s at the bottom portion of the strut portion 150, and stored in the groove portion 210h. It becomes possible to make it.
  • Each of the trackers 100 having the structure described in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 is arranged in an array so as to support each concentrating solar cell panel 10.
  • FIG. 13 for example, eight concentrating solar cell panels 10 are shown, but this is for convenience of explanation, and the number and the number of trackers on which the concentrating solar panel 10 is mounted are limited to this. is not.
  • a tracking device 500 including the plurality of trackers 100 is connected to a driving device 450 that drives a plurality of concentrating solar cell panels 10, and the driving device 450 includes a plurality of driving devices 450.
  • a control device 400 for controlling the drive amount of the drive device 450 is connected so that the concentrating solar cell panel 10 tracks a preset solar orbit.
  • the driving device 450 includes first to third driving devices 450a to 450c.
  • the first driving device 450a is, for example, a servo motor, and is connected to the first driving shaft 320, and the first ribbon AT attached to the first end A of the holding member 110 of the tracker 100 is attached to the first driving device 450a. It is possible to wind at the first traction point 320a.
  • the second driving device 450b is, for example, a servo motor, and is connected to the second driving shaft 330, and the second ribbon BT attached to the second end B of the holding member 110 of the tracker 100 is attached to the second driving device 450b. It is possible to wind at the second traction point 330a.
  • the third driving device 450c is, for example, a stepping motor, and the third CT pulls the wire CT attached to the third end C of the holding member 110 of the tracker 100 via the third driving shaft 340. At point 340a, winding is enabled.
  • the control device 400 includes a calculation unit 410, a processing unit 420, and a storage unit 430.
  • tracking information regarding the concentrating solar cell panel 10 for example, the installation position of the concentrating solar cell panel 10 so that the plurality of concentrating solar cell panels 10 track a preset solar orbit.
  • Information calculated from the latitude, longitude, altitude information, date and time information, and the like is stored in the storage unit 430.
  • the spatial coordinate position of the holding member 110 (For example, the spatial coordinate position of the 1st edge part A, the 2nd edge part B, and the 3rd edge part C is defined from the position of the base point D).
  • the tracking information extracted from the storage unit 430, the winding lengths of the first ribbon AT, the second ribbon BT, and the wire CT are calculated, and the driving unit 450 is instructed through the processing unit 420.
  • the spatial coordinate position of the holding member 110, various tracking information, the information such as the length and thickness of each ribbon and wire used, and the driving based on them The calculation of the driving amount instructed to the device 450 can be realized by a known technique.
  • the electric power acquired from the plurality of concentrating solar cell panels 10 Is sent to the power conditioner 510 through the electric wires 350 and 360, where it is converted from DC power to AC power and transmitted to the transformer 520.
  • the transformer 520 transmits the AC power converted by the power conditioner 510 to the power system 530 that is a load.
  • the power conditioner 510 includes a converter unit, an inverter unit, and a voltage control unit (all not shown).
  • the converter unit constitutes a booster circuit that boosts the DC voltage output from the plurality of trackers 100. Further, output voltage data corresponding to the operation instruction information for each tracker 100 is accumulated in the converter unit.
  • the inverter unit constitutes an inverter circuit that converts DC power output from the converter unit into AC power.
  • the voltage control unit performs MPPT (maximum power point tracking control) control.
  • the MPPT control is also called a mountain climbing method, and the voltage control unit adjusts the output voltage of each tracker so that the output power (operating point) of each tracker 100 approaches the maximum power point.
  • the concentrating solar power generation apparatus there are a plurality of electric lines 350 and 360 (first electric lines and second electric lines) that acquire electricity from the concentrating solar cell panel 10.
  • the shadow control unit 310 transmits each of the trackers 100 arranged in one of the two directions perpendicularly intersecting among the plurality of trackers 100 through the signal lines (in FIG. 13, the plurality of trackers).
  • Each of the trackers 100 arranged in the vertical direction of 100 is connected continuously.
  • the shadow control unit 310 controls the electrical connection of the electric lines 350 and 360 to the tracker 100 by the power line switching unit 370 in consideration of the shadow portion applied to the concentrating solar cell panel 10.
  • the shadow control unit 310 performs shadow control via the processing unit 420 based on the information on the shadow portion of the concentrating solar cell panel 10 calculated from the tracking information stored in the storage unit 430 by the control device 400.
  • the unit 310 is instructed. In this way, among the plurality of concentrating solar cell panels 10, the concentrating solar cell panel 10 that is in the shadow and the concentrating solar cell panel 10 that is not in the shadow are appropriate by the two electric lines. It is possible to avoid the influence of the overall rate-determining by the amount of power generation current of the concentrating solar cell panel 10 that is controlled and shaded.
  • the voltage control based on the MPPT control enables parallel control of the concentrating solar cell panel 10, and appropriate control in the power line switching unit 370 to the wiring structure to be serially controlled by controlling both voltage and current. Switching is possible, and a concentrating solar power generation device with a high concentration rate can be realized.
  • the shadow of the concentrating solar cell panel 10 is controlled. Since the amount of generated current can be in any number of stages, it is possible to improve the performance by providing three or more electric wires and controlling in stages.
  • a heat sink (not shown) that supports the concentrating solar cell panel 10 is provided on the upper surface of the holding member 110 on which the concentrating solar cell panel 10 is mounted. It is good also as a structure.
  • a metal having high thermal conductivity such as aluminum or copper is used for the heat sink, and the heat sink and the concentrating solar cell panel 10 are thermally coupled to each other so that the heat concentrating solar cell panel 10 is likely to rise. The temperature can be suppressed by the heat dissipation structure.
  • the wire CT attached to the third end C of the holding member 110 is wound around the third traction point 340a via the third drive shaft 340.
  • the ribbon (the first ribbon AT attached to the first end A and the second ribbon BT attached to the second end B, as well as the ribbon (first 3 ribbons) can also be used.
  • a ribbon (third ribbon) can be used instead of the load applying member. If it does in this way, in addition to 1st ribbon AT and 2nd ribbon BT, the 3rd ribbon can also be wound up by rotation.
  • the third driving device 450c can use a servo motor, for example.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing an example of a wiring / transmission shaft structure for realizing control of the tracking device 500 constituting the concentrating solar power generation device according to the present embodiment.
  • the third drive device 450 c is connected to the third drive shaft 340, and the third drive shaft 340 is rotated in the lateral direction, whereby the holding member for the tracker 100 is retained.
  • the ribbon attached to the third end C at 110 can be taken up at the third traction point 340a.
  • the concentrating solar power generation device can be provided with a cover (rectangular case) made of a transparent member that covers the entire gantry (the entire tracking device).
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic explanatory diagram illustrating an example of the tracking device that configures the concentrating solar power generation device according to the present embodiment.
  • a cover 550 made of a transparent member is provided on the gantry 20a so as to cover the whole.
  • the cover 550 has, for example, a protruding portion 500b so that an inclined surface 500a is formed at an end located on the south side in the drawing.
  • the inclined surface 500a is formed on at least one appropriate surface of the cover 550, a concentrating solar power generation device with excellent wind resistance can be realized.
  • a solar cell panel that is not a normal tracking is installed below the inclined surface 500a, boosted to a predetermined voltage by MPPT control, and connected in parallel with other solar cell panels, or current It is also possible to connect in series by controlling.
  • the cover 550 covering the entire tracking device 500 is also made of a material that transmits the scattered light component that has passed through the highly transmissive plate 12 or the scattered light component that has passed through the space 19a between the solar cells 13. It is preferable to be configured.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration example of a concentrating solar power generation device including a plurality of tracking devices 500 according to the present embodiment.
  • the first to ninth orders are arranged in order from the west side to the east side and from the north side to the south side.
  • the first tracking device 500 is arranged, the first tracking device 500 is inclined on the north surface and the west surface, the second tracking device 500 is inclined on the north surface, and the third tracking device 500 is the north surface and the east surface.
  • the fourth tracking device 500 has an inclined surface on the west surface, the fifth tracking device 500 has no inclined surface, the sixth tracking device 500 has an inclined surface on the east surface, and the seventh tracking device 500 has a south surface.
  • the west surface is inclined, the eighth tracking device 500 is preferably provided with an inclined surface on the south surface, and the ninth tracking device 500 is provided with inclined surfaces on the south surface and the east surface.
  • the concentrating solar power generation device shown in FIG. 16 includes a plurality of tracking devices 500 connected to each other, and a plurality of tracking devices 500 are simultaneously driven by a single control device 400 via a driving device 450.
  • the first, second, and third drive shafts 320, 330, and 340 that are connected to the first, second, and third drive devices 450a, 450b, and 450c from the outside.
  • the concentrating solar power generation device may further include a cleaning device for cleaning the light receiving side surface of the concentrating solar cell panel on the upper side of the plurality of concentrating solar cell panels. it can.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic explanatory view showing an example of the tracking device constituting the concentrating solar power generation device including the cleaning device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the concentrating solar shown in FIG. It is a figure of an example further provided with the cleaning apparatus in one Example of the tracking apparatus which comprises a photovoltaic device.
  • a tracking device 500 arranged on a gantry 20 a provided on a base 20 c via a support 20 b includes a plurality of tracking units 100, and the plurality of tracking units 100.
  • Each has a concentrating solar cell panel 10 mounted thereon, and a cleaning device 600 is provided above the plurality of concentrating solar cell panels 10.
  • the cleaning device 600 includes a pair of guide rails 600b and 600b, and a cleaning body 600a that moves on the concentrating solar cell panel 10 while being guided by the guide rails 600b and 600b.
  • the pair of guide rails 600b and 600b are provided in the vicinity of both ends of the tracking device 500 so as to be parallel to the longitudinal direction of the tracking device 500 in which the plurality of concentrating solar cell panels 10 are arranged.
  • the cleaning body 600a includes, for example, a plurality of wiper members (not shown) inside the frame, and one of the tracking devices 500 is moved along the guide rails 600b and 600b by a moving means (not shown) such as a wheel.
  • the plurality of concentrating solar cell panels 10 are moved from the end in the direction of the outlined arrow.
  • the cleaning body 600a When the cleaning body 600a arrives at the other end of the tracking device 500, the cleaning body 600a turns and moves on the plurality of concentrating solar cell panels 10 in the direction opposite to the direction of the white arrow. By repeating the movement of the cleaning body 600a, the light receiving side surfaces of the plurality of concentrating solar cell panels 10 are cleaned.
  • the plurality of wiper members provided in the cleaning body 600a may be made of a general rubber and is not particularly limited. By using such a rubber wiper member, it is possible to remove contamination on the light receiving side surface without scratching the concentrating solar cell panel 10.
  • the movement of the cleaning body 600a on the plurality of concentrating solar cell panels 10 can be appropriately controlled by the control device 400 of the concentrating solar power generation device.
  • the control device 400 In the case where a plurality of tracking devices 500 connected to each other are provided and one control device 400 is a concentrating solar power generation device that simultaneously drives the plurality of tracking devices 500 via the driving device 450, the tracking device 500 is used.
  • Each of the plurality of concentrating solar cell panels 10 is provided with a cleaning device 600, and the movement of each cleaning body 600a of the plurality of cleaning devices 600 is also controlled by the one control device 400 at a time. be able to.
  • the light receiving side surface of the concentrating solar cell panel 10 is maintained in a cleaner state.
  • the efficiency is higher, the direct light can be blocked at a higher ratio, and the scattered light can be transmitted more efficiently.
  • FIG. 18 is a diagram three-dimensionally showing a configuration example of a concentrating solar power generation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18A shows, for example, a driving device 450 (first to third driving devices) in a configuration example of a concentrating solar power generation device including one tracking device 500 (with a cover 550) shown in FIG. 450a to 450c and first to third drive shafts 320 to 340) are illustrated in three dimensions.
  • FIG. 18B shows, for example, a driving device 450 (first to third driving devices) in a configuration example of a concentrating solar power generation device including a plurality of tracking devices 500 (with a cover 550) shown in FIG.
  • 450a to 450c and first to third drive shafts 320 to 340 are illustrated in three dimensions.
  • such a configuration makes it possible to implement the concentrating solar power generation device according to the present embodiment.
  • each structure shown to Fig.18 (a) and (b) is as having demonstrated previously. Therefore, the description will not be repeated.
  • FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a three-dimensional implementation example of the concentrating solar power generation device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • a concentrating solar power generation device (a driving device is not shown) provided with one tracking device 500 (with a cover 550) shown in FIG. 15 is installed on the roof, and viewed from below the roof. An example is shown.
  • the concentrating solar power generation apparatus according to the present embodiment is excellent in convenience during installation and portability during transportation.
  • the concentrating solar power generation apparatus can be easily installed on a roof such as a bus stop or a park rest area. Can be installed. And under the roof where the concentrating solar power generation apparatus according to this embodiment is installed in this way, direct light is blocked at a high ratio, and a feeling of opening is given.
  • the roof of the bus stop or the park rest area for example, a non-concentrating solar cell on the lower surface side of the high transmission plate 12, such as the concentrating solar cell panel 10d according to Example 4 shown in FIG.
  • a concentrating solar power generation apparatus provided with a concentrating solar cell panel in which 23 is installed.
  • the tracking device 500 illustrated in FIG. 10 has a size of about 1 m ⁇ 2 m. Therefore, if such a tracking device 500 is used, a concentrating solar power generation device including one of the tracking devices 500 is provided. It can be easily installed on the roofs of bus stops and park rest areas.
  • the concentrating solar power generation apparatus according to the present embodiment can be easily installed on, for example, agricultural land in addition to the roofs of the bus stops and park rest areas.
  • agricultural land or the like where the concentrating solar power generation apparatus according to this embodiment is installed direct light is condensed at a high magnification and power generation with high efficiency is possible, and at the same time, weak scattered light is used for agriculture. Is possible.
  • a plurality of tracking devices 500 connected to each other such as a concentrating solar power generation device shown in FIG. It is preferable to install a concentrating solar power generation apparatus that is provided and driven simultaneously.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration example of a ribbon used for the tracker of the tracking device that configures the concentrating solar power generation device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig.20 (a) is a figure of the linear state before winding up a ribbon.
  • FIG. 20B is a diagram illustrating a state where the ribbon is wound up.
  • the double-edged ribbon DT is provided with a plurality of teeth 900a on both upper and lower surfaces in the figure, and the outer side when the double-edged ribbon DT is wound up.
  • the interval D1 between the plurality of teeth is larger than the interval D2 between the plurality of teeth on the inner side (corresponding to the upper side in the drawing) when the double-edged ribbon DT is wound. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 20 (b), the distance D3 (distance between the upper surfaces of adjacent teeth) on the outside when the double-edged ribbon DT is wound is determined by the double-edged ribbon DT being wound. It is equal to a plurality of tooth intervals D2 on the inner side (corresponding to the upper side in the drawing) of the straight line state (the state of FIG. If it does in this way, the bending by the slip of a ribbon can be suppressed more.
  • the concentrating solar cell panel constituting the concentrating solar power generation device constituting the concentrating solar power generation device according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • only the direct light from the sun is collected and incident on the solar cell, while the scattered light is It passes through a highly transmissive plate or passes through a space between solar cells. Since the tracking device provided in the concentrating solar power generation device is made of a material that transmits the scattered light, the direct light is condensed at a high magnification to generate power with high efficiency, and at a high ratio. At the same time it can be blocked, it is also possible to transmit scattered light efficiently and use it for multiple purposes, and an open feeling can be obtained.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic view of a tracking device that constitutes a concentrating solar power generation device according to an embodiment of the present invention, where (a) is a schematic top view of the tracking device, and (b) is a longitudinal direction of the tracking device. (C) is a schematic side view of the tracking device in the short direction.
  • the tracking device is basically a transparent tracking device having the same configuration as the tracking device shown in FIG. 10, and includes six trackers on which each of the concentrating solar cell panels can be mounted.
  • the bottom size is 380 mm ⁇ 580 mm, and 12 columns of 10 mm ⁇ 30 mm are connected.
  • the structural members are made of a transparent acrylic resin that transmits scattered light from sunlight (irradiated light), and some of the members use a high-definition 3D printer Agilista (Agilista-3200, manufactured by Keyence Corporation). It is a molded product manufactured by
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic perspective view of a solar cell module in which no light shielding object is disposed
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic perspective view of a solar cell module in which the transparent tracking device is disposed
  • FIG. 24 is a solar cell in which a light shielding object is disposed. It is a schematic perspective view of a module.
  • FIG. 25 is an IV curve showing the results of a sunlight transmission / light-shielding experiment performed using each of the solar cell modules. Solid line results with transparent tracking device (transparent tracking device shading IV curve), long broken line results without shading (no shading IV curve), short dashed line results with shading (all shading IV Curve).
  • Isc is a value determined by the amount of received light.
  • the ratio of the amount of received light is the ratio of Isc of the solar cell module with light shielding by arranging the transparent tracking device or the light shielding material to Isc of the solar cell module without light shielding without the light shielding.
  • the solar cell module a plurality of solar cells are connected in series. Of the plurality of solar cells connected in series in this way, the solar cell with the most shadow is the rate limiting factor. That is, it should be noted that what is substantially shown is the ratio of the amount of received light in the solar cell in which the amount of light has been reduced most by the shadow. For this reason, in the solar cell module in which the light shielding member is arranged, Isc is a value close to 0 A, although a part of the plurality of solar cells is shaded.
  • the light irradiated by the solar simulator was not all direct light, but also included scattered light as well as direct light, but the ratio of the two could not be specified.
  • the ratio of the received light amount of the solar cell module was about 0.05.
  • the ratio of the Isc (2.34A) of the solar cell module in which the transparent tracking device is arranged was arranged to the Isc (5.16A) of the solar cell module in which the light shielding material is not arranged, that is, the sun in which the transparent tracking device is arranged.
  • the ratio of the received light amount of the battery module was about 0.45.
  • the ratio of the amount of received light is almost zero.
  • the transparent tracking device constituting the concentrating solar power generation device according to one embodiment of the present invention is arranged on the solar cell module, the ratio of the received light amount is a high value close to 50%.
  • the plurality of solar cells have a rate-determining rate, and the measured value of Isc is based on the solar cell that contributes to power generation. Therefore, the actual Isc is larger than the measured value. Therefore, the ratio of the actual received light amount of the solar cell module in which the transparent tracking device is arranged is a high value that is larger than 0.45 and exceeds 50%.
  • the tracking device constituting the concentrating solar power generation device according to one embodiment of the present invention has excellent light transmittance, and transmits sunlight even if a concentrating solar cell panel is disposed. It was confirmed in the present experimental example that this can be achieved.
  • the concentrating solar power generation device according to the present invention is suitable as a solar power generation device for a relatively small installation target.

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  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif générateur d'énergie solaire concentrée comprenant une pluralité de panneaux de cellules solaires concentrés, un dispositif d'entraînement, un dispositif de commande et un dispositif de suivi. Les panneaux comprennent un concentrateur, une plaque hautement transmissive transmettant à un composant de lumière diffusée, une pluralité de cellules de batterie solaire, et des circuits. Les cellules ont une surface totale de réception de lumière ne dépassant pas 10 % d'une zone d'incidence solaire totale. La plaque hautement transmissive a une surface de réception de lumière qui n'est pas inférieure à 80 % de la zone d'incidence solaire totale. Le dispositif de suivi est transmissif au composant de lumière diffusée comprend une pluralité de suiveurs. Les suiveurs comprennent un élément de support et un mécanisme de suivi. La pluralité de panneaux sont commandés de manière centrale par un seul dispositif de commande par l'intermédiaire de la pluralité de suiveurs.
PCT/JP2017/038771 2016-10-26 2017-10-26 Dispositif générateur d'énergie solaire concentrée WO2018079677A1 (fr)

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JP7378711B2 (ja) 2018-05-15 2023-11-14 株式会社サンマリオン 球状層構造集光レンズ、球状層構造レンズ塊、及び、集光追尾光電変換装置

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