WO2013047424A1 - Dispositif de génération d'énergie photovoltaïque solaire - Google Patents

Dispositif de génération d'énergie photovoltaïque solaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013047424A1
WO2013047424A1 PCT/JP2012/074373 JP2012074373W WO2013047424A1 WO 2013047424 A1 WO2013047424 A1 WO 2013047424A1 JP 2012074373 W JP2012074373 W JP 2012074373W WO 2013047424 A1 WO2013047424 A1 WO 2013047424A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
solar cell
light
power generation
cell module
solar
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PCT/JP2012/074373
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
英臣 由井
前田　強
内田　秀樹
時由 梅田
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シャープ株式会社
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Publication of WO2013047424A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013047424A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H01L31/0547—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the reflecting type, e.g. parabolic mirrors, concentrators using total internal reflection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
    • F24S30/45—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with two rotation axes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
    • F24S30/45—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with two rotation axes
    • F24S30/452—Vertical primary axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
    • F24S30/48—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with three or more rotation axes or with multiple degrees of freedom
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
    • F24S50/20—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for tracking
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H01L31/055—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means where light is absorbed and re-emitted at a different wavelength by the optical element directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. by using luminescent material, fluorescent concentrators or up-conversion arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/30—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
    • H02S20/32—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a solar power generation device.
  • This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-209432 filed in Japan on September 26, 2011, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • This solar cell device includes a plurality of condensing lenses, a plurality of solar cells, a gantry, a position detection sensor, and a gantry driving means.
  • the plurality of solar cells are respectively disposed on the focal points of the plurality of condensing lenses.
  • the position detection sensor is provided at a position corresponding to the focal point of one condenser lens on the gantry.
  • the gantry driving means moves the gantry so that a focused spot is formed at the center of the position detection sensor.
  • An aspect of the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a solar power generation device that can obtain a sufficient power generation amount according to the movement of the sun.
  • the solar power generation device includes a light collecting member that causes light from outside to enter from at least one main surface, propagate inside, and exit from at least one end surface, and the end surface of the light collecting member.
  • a solar cell module that receives light emitted from the end face and generates electric power, and a tracking device that tilts the solar cell module in response to the movement of the sun.
  • the tracking device rotates the solar cell module around a plurality of rotation axes that intersect each other.
  • the tracking device rotates the solar cell module around the first rotation axis according to the annual movement of the sun and according to the diurnal movement of the sun.
  • the solar cell module may be rotated around a second rotation axis that is orthogonal to the first rotation axis.
  • the tracking device includes a driving unit that rotates the solar cell module around the plurality of rotation axes, a date or time in one year, and the solar cell module.
  • a control unit that controls the drive unit, the control unit based on the date or time of use and the correlation data
  • the rotation angle of the plurality of rotation axes of the solar cell module is obtained, and the drive unit centers the plurality of rotation axes on the solar cell module based on the rotation angle of the plurality of rotation axes obtained by the control unit. It may be rotated.
  • the driving unit intermittently rotates the solar cell module at predetermined intervals based on rotation angles of the plurality of rotation shafts obtained by the control unit. Also good.
  • the tracking device includes a first movable portion including a first member whose volume or shape changes with a change in outside air temperature, and irradiation with light from the outside.
  • a second movable part containing a second member whose volume or shape changes with the first movable part, and the first movable part expands and contracts due to a volume change or shape change of the first member,
  • the solar cell module is rotated about the first rotation axis by an expansion / contraction operation, the second movable part expands / contracts by a volume change or a shape change of the second member, and the solar cell by the expansion / contraction operation.
  • the module may be rotated about the second rotation axis.
  • the condensing member reflects the incident light to the main surface opposite to the main surface on which the light is incident to change the traveling direction of the light.
  • the shape light-condensing plate provided with may be included.
  • the shape light collector has a plurality of structures having a triangular cross section, and one inclined surface of the structure functions as the reflection surface, and the plurality of rotations.
  • the axis may include a rotation axis parallel to the extending direction of the structure.
  • the light collecting member may include a fluorescent light collecting plate containing a phosphor that emits fluorescence by absorbing incident light.
  • the light collecting member may be configured by the shape light collecting plate and the fluorescent light collecting plate that are sequentially stacked from the light incident side.
  • the light collecting member may be configured by the fluorescent light collecting plate and the shape light collecting plate that are sequentially stacked from the light incident side.
  • FIG. 1 It is a perspective view which shows the solar power generation device of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the solar power generation device of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the motion of the sun. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the annual exercise
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the photovoltaic power generation apparatus of the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic power generator taken along line AA ′ of FIG. It should be noted that in all of the following drawings, in order to make each component easy to see, the scale of dimensions may be different depending on the component.
  • the solar power generation device 1 of the present embodiment includes a solar cell module 2 and a tracking device 3 as shown in FIG.
  • the solar cell module 2 has a configuration in which a light collector 4 (light collector) and a solar cell element 5 are accommodated in a frame 6.
  • the solar cell module 2 sunlight taken from the light collector 4 is guided to the solar cell element 5 provided on the end face of the light collector 4, photoelectric conversion is caused in the solar cell element 5, and sunlight is taken out as electric energy.
  • the light collector 4 is composed of a light-transmitting plate having a rectangular planar shape when viewed from the normal direction of the main surface.
  • the solar cell element 5 is installed on one end face of the four end faces of the light collector 4.
  • the light collector 4 and the solar cell element 5 are fixed in a state of being accommodated in a metal frame 6 such as aluminum.
  • the light L propagates from the end on the side opposite to the side on which the solar cell element 5 is disposed toward the end on the side on which the solar cell element 5 is disposed. Therefore, in the following description, the direction from the end of the light collector 4 on the side opposite to the side where the solar cell element 5 is disposed to the end on the side where the solar cell element 5 is disposed is referred to as “light propagation direction X”. Called.
  • the light propagation direction X is the x-axis direction
  • the direction parallel to the main surface and perpendicular to the light propagation direction X is the y-axis.
  • the thickness direction of the light collector 4 is the z-axis direction.
  • the light collector 4 is made of a highly transparent organic or inorganic material such as acrylic resin, polycarbonate resin, or glass. However, the material of the light collector 4 is not limited to these materials.
  • the main surface 4b on the side facing the bottom plate of the frame 6 is a virtual plane (xz plane) perpendicular to the main surface 4b and parallel to the light propagation direction X.
  • the first surface 7a is an inclined surface forming an angle of 30 ° with respect to the main surface 4b, and the second surface 7b is on the main surface 4b.
  • the surface is vertical.
  • the first surface 7a is an inclined surface that forms an angle of 60 ° with the second surface 7b.
  • the main surface 4a opposite to the main surface 4b on which the ridges 7 are formed (the main surface 4a on the side not facing the bottom plate of the frame 6).
  • Surface is a surface on which sunlight is incident.
  • the light collector 4 of the present embodiment reflects the incident light L on the main surface 4b opposite to the main surface 4a on which light is incident, and changes the traveling direction of the light L (first surface 7a). It is a shape light-condensing plate provided.
  • the convex strip 7 is formed integrally with the light collector 4 by processing the light collector 4 itself.
  • the ridges 7 can be formed, for example, by cutting the main surface 4b of the originally flat light collector 4. Or you may form the protruding item
  • a main surface on which light is incident (a surface parallel to the xy plane in FIG. 2) is referred to as a first main surface 4 a.
  • a surface facing the first main surface 4a and provided with the ridges 7 is referred to as a second main surface 4b.
  • a surface perpendicular to the first main surface 4a and the second main surface 4b and emitting light (a surface parallel to the yz plane in FIG. 1) is referred to as a first end surface 4c.
  • a surface facing the first end surface 4c is referred to as a second end surface 4d.
  • the light collector 4 and the solar cell element 5 are arranged adjacent to each other so that the first end surface 4 c of the light collector 4 and the light receiving surface 5 a of the solar cell element 5 face each other.
  • the light collector 4 and the solar cell element 5 may be directly fixed by an optical adhesive or the like.
  • the light collector 4 and the solar cell element 5 may not be directly fixed, but may be configured such that their mutual positions are fixed by being accommodated in the frame 6.
  • the sunlight L is incident on the first main surface 4a of the light collector 4 at an incident angle ⁇ 0
  • the sunlight L is refracted at the refraction angle ⁇ 1 on the first main surface 4a and enters the light collector 4.
  • the light incident on the first surface 7a of the ridge 7 at the incident angle ⁇ 2 is totally reflected at the reflection angle ⁇ 2, and the light collecting plate 4 while repeating total reflection between the first main surface 4a and the first surface 7a. It propagates in the interior and is guided to the solar cell element 5.
  • the incident angle ⁇ ⁇ b> 2 of the light to the first surface 7 a changes according to the inclination of the first main surface 4 a of the light collector 4.
  • the first main surface 4a of the light collector 4 is such that the incident angle ⁇ 2 of the light L incident on the first surface 7a is equal to or greater than the critical angle at the interface between the first surface 7a and air and the light L is totally reflected. Is set in advance.
  • the solar cell element 5 a known one can be used, and various solar cell elements such as an amorphous silicon solar cell element, a polycrystalline silicon solar cell element, and a single crystal silicon solar cell element can be used.
  • compound solar cell elements such as InGaP, GaAs, InGaAs, AlGaAs, Cu (In, Ga) Se 2 , Cu (In, Ga) (Se, S) 2 , CuInS 2 , CdTe, CdS, or Si, InGaAs
  • quantum dot solar cell elements such as.
  • the shape and size of the solar cell element 5 are not particularly limited as long as the shape and size are within the first end face 4c of the light collector 4.
  • the tracking device 3 drives the entire solar cell module 2 to track both the solar annual movement and the daily movement.
  • the tracking device 3 includes four drive units 8 and a control unit 9.
  • Each drive unit 8 supports the frame 6 of the solar cell module 2 having a rectangular shape in plan view from the back surface, and is provided in the vicinity of the four corners.
  • the four drive parts 8 are arrange
  • the first virtual axis (first rotation axis) RL ⁇ b> 1 is parallel to the extending direction of the ridges 7.
  • the first virtual axis RL1 extends toward the sunrise and sunset directions, that is, the east-west direction. Therefore, the solar cell module 2 rotates in a plane including the direction of the annual movement of the sun (the north-south direction) around the first virtual axis RL1.
  • the second virtual axis (second rotation axis) RL2 is orthogonal to the extending direction of the ridges 7.
  • the second virtual axis RL2 extends in a direction orthogonal to the sunrise and sunset directions, that is, in the north-south direction. Therefore, the solar cell module 2 rotates also in a plane including the direction of the solar diurnal motion (east-west direction) around the second virtual axis RL2.
  • Each drive unit 8 is disposed so as to contact the vicinity of the four corners of the bottom surface of the frame 6.
  • the drive unit 8 is an electric actuator that performs an elevating operation in the vertical direction (arrow Z direction), and rotates the solar cell module 2 by performing the elevating operation.
  • the drive unit 8 is not limited to an electric one, and preferably can be driven with less energy.
  • the control unit 9 controls the raising / lowering operation of the drive unit 8.
  • the control unit 9 includes a clock (time-lapse unit), correlation data that associates a date (month / day) or time (time from sunrise time to sunset time) in one year and the rotation angle of the solar cell module 2. I have. Based on the date or time when the solar power generation device 1 is used and the correlation data, the control unit 9 determines the optimum rotation angle of the solar cell module 2 (the rotation angle on the first virtual axis RL1 and the second virtual axis RL2). Angle of rotation). The control unit 9 outputs a drive signal to the drive unit 8 based on the rotation angle, and rotates the solar cell module 2 around the virtual axes RL1 and RL2.
  • the accuracy of the rotation angle of the solar cell module 2 (the rotation angle around the first virtual axis RL1 and the rotation angle around the second virtual axis RL2) is preferably within 3 °.
  • the position information of the sun necessary for driving each drive unit 8 is the date (month / day) or time (time of sunrise to sunset) within the year, and the latitude at which the photovoltaic power generator 1 is installed. , Obtained by longitude. In addition, you may measure by installing the detector which detects sunlight in the flame
  • the sun's movement includes an annual movement and a daily movement.
  • the annual movement is such that in the northern hemisphere, the sun's south-middle altitude is highest in the summer, and the sun's south-middle altitude is low in the winter. It is a movement that changes the altitude in the south.
  • the diurnal motion is a motion in which the sun rises from the east direction in the northern hemisphere with the time of sunrise and sinks in the west direction with the sunset time.
  • the sun's orbit rotates about 47 ° in a plane including the north-south direction between the day with the highest south-middle altitude (summer solstice) and the day with the lowest south-middle altitude (winter solstice).
  • the sun's orbit is approximately within the plane including the east-west direction while the sun rises from the east direction at sunrise and sinks to the west direction at sunset. Rotate 180 degrees. That is, in one hour, the orbit of the sun rotates about 15 degrees in a plane including the east-west direction.
  • the solar power generation device 1 of the present embodiment tracks the solar cell module 2 in both the solar annual movement and the daily movement. Therefore, the solar cell module 2 rotates about 47 ° in a plane including the north-south direction between the day with the highest south-middle altitude (summer solstice) and the day with the lowest south-middle altitude (winter solstice) in one year. At the same time, the sun rotates about 180 degrees in a plane including the east-west direction while the sun rises from the east direction and sinks to the west direction during the day.
  • the solar power generation device 1 of the present embodiment since the solar cell module 2 is tracked by both the solar annual motion and the daily motion, both the solar annual motion and the daily motion. It is possible to maintain a state in which the largest amount of power generation can be obtained according to A conventional solar power generation apparatus collects sunlight on a solar cell element arranged at a focal position of a condensing lens using a condensing lens. Therefore, high accuracy is required for alignment of the condenser lens with respect to the position of the sun, and if the alignment is deviated, the amount of power generation is greatly reduced.
  • the solar power generation device 1 of the present embodiment is configured to collect sunlight using the light collector 4 provided with the plurality of ridges 7, the alignment of the light collector 4 with respect to the position of the sun is so high. Accuracy is not required and rough tracking is sufficient. Therefore, according to the solar power generation device 1 of the present embodiment, a stable power generation amount can be obtained regardless of the movement of the sun. Moreover, since the solar power generation device 1 of this embodiment should just be equipped with a simple tracking apparatus, manufacturing cost can be reduced. Furthermore, the amount of solar cell element 5 used can be reduced as compared with a fixed solar power generation apparatus.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the annual motion angle and the light collection efficiency when tracking is not performed in the same photovoltaic power generation apparatus as that of the present embodiment.
  • the horizontal axis represents the solar annual movement angle [°]
  • the vertical axis represents the light collection efficiency [%].
  • Three parameters were adopted as parameters: the diurnal motion angle [°] of the sun is 0 ° (101), 30 ° (102), and 60 ° (103).
  • the annual movement angle is an angle formed by a straight line connecting the point A and the sun position C in the middle of the south with respect to a straight line extending from the point A on the ground surface to the zenith T. It is.
  • the diurnal motion angle is an angle formed by a straight line connecting the point A and the sun position C1 at any time of the day with the straight line connecting the point A and the sun position C in the middle and south hours as a reference. is there.
  • the light collection efficiency is the ratio of the amount of sunlight that has reached the first end surface 4 c to the amount of sunlight that has entered the first main surface 4 a of the light collector 4.
  • the light collection efficiency when tracking was not performed was 18.40%.
  • the light collection efficiency in the case of performing uniaxial tracking was 21.24%.
  • biaxial tracking according to the present embodiment tilts around the virtual axes of both the first virtual axis RL1 and the second virtual axis RL1 is performed on each curve, A state with the highest light efficiency can be maintained.
  • the light collection efficiency is highest when the annual motion angle is around 20 °, and when the diurnal motion angle is 30 ° and 60 °, A state in which the light collection efficiency is the highest when the circumferential motion angle is around 10 ° can be maintained. As a result, the light collection efficiency can be improved to 43.51%. As a result, the amount of power generation can be increased.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the photovoltaic power generation apparatus of the present embodiment.
  • symbol is attached
  • the solar power generation device 14 includes a solar cell module 2, two drive units (first drive unit 11 and second drive unit 12), and a control unit 13. And a tracking device 10.
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the tracking device of the solar power generation device of the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 shows a state in which the solar power generation device is viewed from the back side.
  • the first drive unit 11 includes a rod-shaped support member (spindle) 111, a first motor 112, and a connecting member 113.
  • the spindle 111 supports the solar cell module 2 from the back side of the frame 6.
  • the spindle 111 is connected to the first motor 112 by a connecting member 113 and rotates according to the rotation of the first motor 112.
  • the first drive unit 11 rotates about the rotation axis (first rotation axis) RL11 of the first motor 112.
  • the first drive unit 11 has the structure which rotates the solar cell module 2 so that it may face the direction (north-south direction) of a solar annual movement.
  • the second drive unit 12 includes a columnar support member (screw shaft) 121, a second motor 122, and a pedestal 123.
  • the screw shaft 121 supports the first drive unit 11 on the pedestal 123 from the lower surface side of the first motor 112.
  • the pedestal 123 is fixed to the upper end of the second motor 122 and rotates according to the rotation of the second motor 122.
  • a portion of the second motor 122 opposite to the side on which the pedestal 123 is provided is rotatably accommodated inside the screw shaft 121.
  • the second drive unit 12 rotates around the rotation axis (second rotation axis) RL12 of the second motor 122.
  • the rotation axis (second rotation axis) RL12 of the second motor 122 is the structure which rotates the solar cell module 2 so that it may face the direction (east-west direction) of the solar diurnal motion.
  • the control unit 13 controls the rotation operation of the first drive unit 11 and the rotation operation of the second drive unit 12.
  • the control unit 13 includes a clock (time-lapse unit), correlation data that correlates a date (month / day) or time (time of sunrise to sunset) within the year and the rotation angle of the solar cell module 2. I have. Based on the date or time when the solar power generation device 14 is used and the correlation data, the control unit 13 determines the optimum rotation angle of the solar cell module 2 (the rotation angle on the first rotation axis RL11 and the second rotation axis RL12). Angle of rotation). The control unit 13 outputs a drive signal to each of the first drive unit 11 and the second drive unit 12 based on the rotation angle, and rotates the solar cell module 2 around the rotation axes RL11 and RL12.
  • the first drive unit 11 and the second drive unit 12 rotate the solar cell module 2 intermittently at predetermined intervals based on the optimal rotation angle obtained by the control unit 13.
  • DC motors are used as the first motor 112 and the second motor 122.
  • the solar cell module 2 is rotated about 8 ° every month around the rotation axis RL11, and about 10 ° every 40 minutes around the rotation axis RL12. While the first motor 112 and the second motor 122 are stopped, the spindle 111 and the screw shaft 121 are fixed, and the inclination of the solar cell module 2 is fixed.
  • stepping motors can also be used as the first motor 112 and the second motor 122 when the first driving unit 11 and the second driving unit 12 are intermittently driven. Further, the driving cycle when the first driving unit 11 and the second driving unit 12 are intermittently driven can be set as appropriate.
  • the solar power generation device 14 of the present embodiment also has a simple tracking device that can obtain a stable power generation amount regardless of the movement of the sun, and can reduce the manufacturing cost, compared to a fixed solar power generation device. Thus, it is possible to obtain the same effect as that of the first embodiment, such that the usage amount of the solar cell element can be reduced.
  • the first drive unit 11 and the second drive unit 12 are driven intermittently, the power consumption of the motor can be reduced. Furthermore, since an optical sensor, a correction circuit, and the like for performing accurate tracking are unnecessary, it is possible to reduce electric power and equipment cost necessary for correction.
  • the power consumption of the motor when the solar cell module 2 was continuously tracked was 720 mWh / day.
  • intermittent tracking according to the present embodiment tilting using a DC motor as the second motor 122 and rotating the solar cell module 2 about 10 ° every 40 minutes around the rotation axis RL12
  • the power consumption of the motor was 560 mWh / day.
  • the power consumption of the circuit unit when an optical sensor and a correction circuit are provided to perform accurate tracking is 660 mWh.
  • the power consumption of the circuit unit is 0 mWh.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of the photovoltaic power generation apparatus according to the present embodiment.
  • the same components as those in FIG. 2 of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
  • the solar power generation device 21 of the present embodiment includes a solar cell module 22 and a tracking device 3 as shown in FIG.
  • the solar cell module 22 has a configuration in which a light collecting plate 23 (light collecting member) and the solar cell element 5 are accommodated in a frame 6.
  • the light collector 4 of the first embodiment is a shape light collector provided with a plurality of ridges 7 including a reflecting surface that reflects incident light and changes the traveling direction of the light.
  • the light collector 23 of the present embodiment is formed of a fluorescent light collector that contains a phosphor that emits fluorescence by absorbing incident sunlight.
  • the light collector 23 is a plate having a three-layer structure in which a phosphor layer 24 containing a phosphor is sandwiched between a pair of transparent layers 25.
  • the phosphor layer 24 includes, for example, a phosphor that absorbs visible light and infrared light and emits visible light and infrared light, or a phosphor that absorbs ultraviolet light and emits visible light.
  • the phosphor layer 24 is configured to include Lumogen F Red 305 (trade name) manufactured by BASF. When this phosphor is used, an emission peak appears at a wavelength of 578 nm. As the phosphor to be used, it is preferable to use a phosphor with high fluorescence quantum efficiency.
  • a plurality of types of phosphors may be mixed so as to absorb light in a larger wavelength range.
  • BASF Lumogen F Violet 570 (product name) is 0.02%
  • BASF Lumogen F Yellow 083 (product name) is 0.02%
  • BASF Lumogen F Orange 240 (product name) is 0. 0.02%
  • BASF Lumogen F Red 305 (trade name), 0.5% NILE BLUE A (CAS registration number 3625-57-8), Ir-140 (CAS registration number 53655-17) -7) containing 0.5%
  • Ir-144 CAS registration number 54849-69-3) 0.5%
  • quantum dots PbS lead sulfide
  • Fluorescence having a wide wavelength range of about 400 nm to 1500 nm is emitted from the phosphor layer containing the plurality of types of phosphors.
  • a known solar cell such as a silicon solar cell, a compound solar cell, or an organic solar cell can be used as in the first embodiment.
  • a compound solar cell using a compound semiconductor is preferably used in the present embodiment because it can generate power with high efficiency.
  • a compound solar cell a semiconductor substrate in which an InGaAs layer, a GaAs layer, and an InGaP layer are stacked is used.
  • This compound solar cell has high power generation efficiency of, for example, 80% or more in the wavelength region of 400 nm to 1200 nm and 95% or more in the wavelength region of 500 nm to 950 nm. Therefore, by combining the above phosphor and the above compound solar cell, highly efficient power generation is possible in a wide wavelength range.
  • the tracking device 3 drives the entire solar cell module 2 to track both the solar annual movement and the daily movement.
  • the tracking device 3 includes four drive units 8 and a control unit 9.
  • the configuration of the tracking device 3 is the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • the sunlight incident on the light collector 4 is reflected by the reflecting surface of the ridges 7 and guided to the solar cell element 5. Therefore, the incident angle of sunlight with respect to the light collector 4, that is, the rotation angle of the light collector 4 with respect to the position of the sun greatly affects the light collection efficiency.
  • the sunlight that has entered the inside of the light collector 23 is absorbed to generate fluorescence, and the fluorescence is guided to the solar cell element 5. Even if the incident angle changes, the light collection efficiency hardly changes.
  • the sunlight that has entered the light collector 23 is absorbed to produce fluorescence, and the fluorescence is guided to the solar cell element 5, so that not only direct light but also scattered light is collected. Can be light. Therefore, a stable power generation amount can be obtained even on a cloudy day.
  • FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the annual motion angle and the incident light amount ratio in the comparative photovoltaic power generation apparatus that does not perform tracking.
  • symbol 111 shows the case where a diurnal motion angle is 0 degree.
  • symbol 112 shows the case where a diurnal motion angle is 30 degrees.
  • symbol 113 shows the case where a diurnal motion angle is 60 degrees.
  • the horizontal axis in FIG. 8 represents the annual movement angle (°).
  • the incident light intensity ratio means that when the annual motion angle is 0 ° and the diurnal motion angle is 0 °, that is, when the light collector is horizontally installed, the sunlight is perpendicular to the light collector.
  • the ratio of the amount of incident light when the amount of incident light is 100%.
  • FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the annual motion angle and the incident light amount ratio in the solar power generation apparatus of the present embodiment that performs tracking for both the annual motion and the daily motion.
  • Reference numeral 121 indicates a case where the diurnal motion angle is 0 °.
  • symbol 122 shows the case where a diurnal motion angle is 30 degrees.
  • symbol 123 shows the case where a diurnal motion angle is 60 degrees.
  • the horizontal and vertical axes in FIG. 9 are the same as those in FIG.
  • the average incident light amount ratio was 68.5%.
  • the average incident light amount ratio can be improved to 100.0% in the solar power generation device 21 of the present embodiment.
  • the cost can be reduced by providing a simple tracking device that can obtain a stable power generation amount regardless of the movement of the sun, compared to a stationary photovoltaic power generation device. It is possible to obtain the same effect as that of the third embodiment in which the amount of use of the solar cell element can be reduced and a stable power generation amount can be obtained even on a cloudy day.
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of the solar power generation device of the present embodiment.
  • symbol is attached
  • the solar power generation device 31 of this embodiment includes a solar cell module 32 and a tracking device 3 as shown in FIG.
  • the solar cell module 32 has a configuration in which the first light collecting plate 23 (light collecting member), the second light collecting plate 4 (light collecting member), and the solar cell element 5 are accommodated in the frame 6.
  • the light collector 4 of the first embodiment is a shape light collector provided with a plurality of ridges 7 including a reflecting surface that reflects incident light and changes the traveling direction of the light.
  • the light collector 23 of the third embodiment is a fluorescent light collector that contains a phosphor that emits fluorescence by absorbing incident sunlight.
  • the condensing member of this embodiment is comprised by the two light-condensing plates 4 and 23 which laminated
  • the first light collector 23 provided on the sunlight incident side is formed of a fluorescent light collector.
  • the 2nd light-condensing plate 4 provided in the opposite side to the sunlight incident side is comprised by the shape light-condensing plate.
  • the first light collector 23 and the second light collector 4 are in close contact with each other, and no air layer is interposed between the first light collector 23 and the second light collector 4.
  • the tracking device 3 drives the entire solar cell module 2 to track both the solar annual movement and the daily movement.
  • the tracking device 3 includes four drive units 8 and a control unit 9.
  • the configuration of the tracking device 3 is the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 12 is a graph showing changes in the amount of solar radiation for one year in Tokyo.
  • the horizontal axis of FIG. 12 indicates the month, and the vertical axis indicates the amount of solar radiation [MJ / m 2 ].
  • reference numeral 131 indicates the amount of solar radiation.
  • Reference numeral 132 indicates the amount of direct solar radiation.
  • Reference numeral 133 indicates the amount of scattered solar radiation.
  • the amount of solar radiation is a measure of the amount of radiant energy from the sun.
  • the amount of solar radiation is mainly classified into three.
  • the total solar radiation amount is obtained by measuring the solar radiation amount from the whole sky, and is equal to the sum of the direct solar radiation amount and the scattered solar radiation amount.
  • the direct solar radiation amount is ideally obtained by measuring the solar radiation amount from only the range of the sun's photosphere in the whole sky, and is the so-called direct sunlight.
  • Direct solar radiation is measured as irradiance received on a plane that is always orthogonal to the incident direction of sunlight.
  • the amount of scattered solar radiation is obtained by measuring the amount of solar radiation from a range other than the sun's photosphere in the entire sky. For example, light scattered by atmospheric molecules and cloud particles, such as blue light from a blue sky and white light from a cloudy sky, is measured.
  • the amount of scattered solar radiation is measured as irradiance received on a horizontal plane.
  • the solar power generation device 31 of the present embodiment As shown in FIG. 11, out of the sunlight incident on the first light collector 23, the second leaked light that cannot be absorbed by the first light collector 23. It can be received by the light plate 4 and propagated through the second light collecting plate 4, and the light collecting efficiency can be improved as a whole. Further, in the case of the present embodiment, the shape condensing plate (first condensing plate 23) having a large effect of improving the light collecting efficiency by tracking the movement of the sun and the effect of improving the light collecting efficiency by tracking are small, but the incident angle By combining with a fluorescent light collecting plate (second light collecting plate 4) capable of obtaining a stable light output with respect to the change, a more efficient and stable power generation amount can be obtained.
  • the modification of 4th Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated using FIG.
  • the fluorescent light collecting plate and the shape light collecting plate are laminated in this order from the sunlight incident side.
  • the shape light collector and the fluorescent light collector may be laminated in this order from the sunlight incident side. That is, in the solar cell module 35 of the solar power generation device 34 of the present modification shown in FIG. 13, the first light collector 4 provided on the sunlight incident side is formed of a shape light collector.
  • the second light collector 23 provided on the side opposite to the sunlight incident side is formed of a fluorescent light collector.
  • a plurality of ridges 7 are provided on the side of the first light collector 4 facing the second light collector 23. Accordingly, the first light collector 4 and the second light collector 23 are not in close contact with each other, and an air layer is interposed between the first light collector 4 and the second light collector 23.
  • the solar power generation device 34 of this modification as shown in FIG. 13, the light leaked out of the sunlight incident on the first light collector 4 without being reflected by the reflecting surface 7 a of the first light collector 4. Can be received by the second light collecting plate 23, and this light can be absorbed to emit fluorescent light, thereby improving the light collecting efficiency as a whole.
  • the combination of a shape collector plate and a fluorescent collector plate can provide a more efficient and stable power generation, and can be reduced in cost by providing a simple tracking device, which is less expensive than a fixed solar generator. It is possible to obtain the same effects as those of the above-described embodiment, such that the amount of battery elements used can be reduced, and both direct light and scattered light can be efficiently collected.
  • FIG. 14 is a perspective view illustrating a schematic configuration of the solar power generation device of the present embodiment.
  • the same components as those in FIG. 1 of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
  • the solar power generation device 43 of the present embodiment includes the solar cell module 2 and the tracking device 40 as shown in FIG.
  • the tracking device 40 includes four movable parts (two first movable parts 41 and two second movable parts 42). Each movable part supports the frame 6 of the solar cell module 2 having a rectangular shape in plan view from the back surface, and is provided in the vicinity of the four corners.
  • a support member that rotatably supports the frame 6 of the solar cell module 2 from the back surface may be provided in terms of stability of the tracking operation.
  • the solar cell module 2 rotates by tracking both the annual and daily movements of the sun.
  • the solar cell module 2 rotates in a plane including the direction of the annual movement of the sun (the north-south direction) around the first virtual axis RL1. Furthermore, the solar cell module 2 also rotates in a plane including the direction of the solar diurnal motion (east-west direction) around the second virtual axis RL2.
  • the solar cell module 2 is installed with an inclination so that the end on the south side is low and the end on the north side is high.
  • the tracking apparatus 40 of this embodiment does not have the control part provided with the timepiece like the said embodiment.
  • the tracking device 40 according to the present embodiment is configured to automatically rotate the solar cell module when the movable portion detects a change in the outside air temperature and expands or contracts with the irradiation of light from the outside. ing.
  • the first movable portion 41 includes a lower movable portion 41A that expands and contracts due to seasonal temperature changes, and an upper movable portion 41B that expands and contracts with the irradiation of sunlight. .
  • the lower movable portion 41A includes a lower outer cylinder 411, a lower spring 412, and a lower support cylinder 413.
  • a lower spring 412 made of a bimetal whose shape changes according to a temperature change is accommodated.
  • the lower outer cylinder 411 is made of a light-shielding member that blocks sunlight, and heat due to irradiation of sunlight is not transmitted to the internal space of the lower outer cylinder 411.
  • a lower support cylinder 413 is inserted above the lower spring 412 so as to be movable up and down.
  • the lower support cylinder 413 moves up and down as the lower spring 412 expands and contracts.
  • the lower spring 412 is made of bimetal, and the outer peripheral side and the inner peripheral side are made of different metals.
  • the lower spring 412 is made of a metal having a small thermal expansion coefficient on the outer peripheral side, and is made of a metal having a large thermal expansion coefficient on the inner peripheral side. Thereby, the lower spring 412 extends when the outside air temperature rises.
  • the outer peripheral side of the lower spring 412 is made of a Ni—Mn—Fe alloy
  • the inner peripheral side of the lower spring 412 is made of a Ni—Fe alloy.
  • the upper movable part 41B includes an upper outer cylinder 414, an upper spring 415, and an upper support cylinder 416.
  • the upper outer cylinder 414 is supported by the lower support cylinder 413 and is moved up and down by the vertical movement of the lower support cylinder 413.
  • an upper spring 415 made of a bimetal whose shape changes with temperature changes is accommodated.
  • the upper outer cylinder 414 is made of a transparent member (for example, transparent acrylic resin) that transmits sunlight, and heat due to irradiation of sunlight is transmitted to the internal space of the upper outer cylinder 414.
  • an upper support cylinder 416 is inserted above the upper spring 415 so as to be movable up and down.
  • the upper support cylinder 416 supports the back surface of the solar cell module 2.
  • the upper support cylinder 416 moves up and down as the upper spring 415 expands and contracts.
  • the upper spring 415 is made of bimetal, and is made of different metals on the outer peripheral side and the inner peripheral side.
  • the upper spring 415 is made of a metal having a large thermal expansion coefficient on the outer peripheral side, and is made of a metal having a small thermal expansion coefficient on the inner peripheral side. As a result, the upper spring 415 contracts when the outside air temperature rises.
  • the outer peripheral side of the upper spring 415 is made of a Ni—Fe alloy
  • the inner peripheral side of the upper spring 415 is made of a Ni—Mn—Fe alloy.
  • the 2nd movable part 42 becomes a structure expanded and contracted with sunlight irradiation.
  • the second movable portion 42 includes an outer cylinder 421, a spring 422, and a support cylinder 423.
  • a spring 422 made of a bimetal whose shape changes according to a temperature change is accommodated.
  • the outer cylinder 421 is made of a transparent member that transmits sunlight (for example, a transparent acrylic resin), and heat by irradiation of sunlight is transmitted to the internal space.
  • a support cylinder 423 is inserted in the inner space of the outer cylinder 421 so as to be movable up and down above the spring 422.
  • the support cylinder 423 supports the back surface of the solar cell module 2.
  • the support cylinder 423 moves up and down as the spring 422 expands and contracts.
  • the spring 422 is made of bimetal, and the outer peripheral side and the inner peripheral side are made of different metals.
  • the spring 422 is configured with a metal having a large thermal expansion coefficient on the outer peripheral side, and is configured with a metal having a small thermal expansion coefficient on the inner peripheral side. As a result, the spring 422 contracts when the outside air temperature rises.
  • the outer peripheral side of the spring 422 is made of a Ni—Fe alloy
  • the inner peripheral side of the spring 422 is made of a Ni—Mn—Fe alloy.
  • Ni—Fe alloy and Ni—Mn—Fe alloy are used as the metal constituting the spring, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • a Ni—Fe alloy added with Mn, Cr, Cu or the like can be used.
  • the metal constituting the outer peripheral side of the spring and the metal constituting the inner peripheral side of the spring are made different in thermal expansion coefficient.
  • the thermal expansion coefficient of the metal constituting the outer peripheral side of the spring and the metal constituting the inner peripheral side of the spring may be made different by changing the amount of Ni added in the Ni—Fe alloy.
  • FIG. 15A and FIG. 15B are diagrams showing the operation of each movable part when the solar cell module is rotated following the annual movement of the sun.
  • FIG. 15A shows the operation of each movable part in the summer when the altitude of the south and middle is relatively high in one year.
  • FIG. 15B shows the operation of each movable part in the winter when the altitude of the south and middle is relatively low in one year.
  • the lower movable portion 41A of the first movable portion 41 is warmed by the outside temperature and extends.
  • the solar cell module 2 rotates around the virtual axis RL1 so as to face the direction of the annual movement of the sun (north-south direction), and has an optimum inclination angle corresponding to the south-middle altitude in summer.
  • the solar cell module 2 rotates around the virtual axis RL1 so as to face the direction of the annual movement of the sun (north-south direction), and has an optimum inclination angle corresponding to the south-middle angle in winter.
  • FIG. 16A and FIG. 16B are diagrams showing the operation of each movable unit when the solar cell module is rotated following the diurnal motion of the sun.
  • FIG. 16A shows the operation of each movable part in the morning from sunrise to the south-middle altitude in one day.
  • FIG. 16B shows the operation of each movable part in the afternoon from the south-middle altitude to the sunset in one year.
  • the solar cell module rotates around the virtual axis RL2 so as to face the direction of the sun's diurnal motion (east-west direction), and has an optimum inclination angle corresponding to the morning and middle altitudes in the morning.
  • the upper movable portion 41B of the first movable portion 41 disposed on the west side of the two first movable portions 41 and the west side of the two second movable portions 42 are disposed.
  • the second movable part 42 is hidden behind the solar cell module 2 and is not irradiated with sunlight. Therefore, the upper movable part 41B of the first movable part 41 arranged on the west side of the two first movable parts 41 and the second movable part arranged on the west side of the two second movable parts 42. 42 does not expand and contract.
  • the solar cell module rotates around the virtual axis RL2 so as to face the direction of the solar diurnal motion (east-west direction), and has an optimum inclination angle corresponding to the south-central altitude in the afternoon.
  • the upper movable portion 41B of the first movable portion 41 disposed on the east side of the two first movable portions 41 and the east side of the two second movable portions 42 are disposed.
  • the second movable part 42 is hidden behind the solar cell module 2 and is not irradiated with sunlight. Therefore, the upper movable part 41B of the first movable part 41 disposed on the east side of the two first movable parts 41 and the second movable part disposed on the east side of the two second movable parts 42. 42 returns to its original length even when cooled.
  • FIG. 17 is a graph showing changes in average temperature in Tokyo over the course of a year.
  • the horizontal axis in FIG. 17 indicates the month, and the vertical axis indicates the average temperature [° C.].
  • FIG. 18 is a graph showing the change in the altitude of the sun in the south over one year in Tokyo.
  • the horizontal axis indicates the moon, and the vertical axis indicates the south-central altitude [°] of the sun.
  • the change in the average temperature for one year and the change in the south-south altitude of the sun for the year show almost the same tendency.
  • the angle of the solar cell module 2 is optimized with respect to the sun's south and middle altitudes. Can do. For this purpose, it is necessary to optimally design the dimensions of each part of the movable part, the usage amount of the thermal expansion material, and the like.
  • the solar power generation device 43 of this embodiment compared with a fixed solar power generation device that can reduce costs by providing a simple tracking device that can obtain a stable power generation amount regardless of the movement of the sun.
  • the effect similar to the said embodiment that the usage-amount of a solar cell element can be decreased can be acquired.
  • the expansion and contraction of a spring made of a bimetal is used as the power of the movable part, and the movable part automatically expands and contracts in response to a change in outside air temperature or irradiation with sunlight. Therefore, no new energy is required for tracking, and power consumption can be reduced.
  • each movable part was arrange
  • each movable part of the photovoltaic power generation apparatus of this modification shown in FIG. 19 is arranged at the center of the four sides of the solar cell module. That is, each movable part is arrange
  • the solar power generation device 53 of this modification includes a solar cell module 2 and a tracking device 50 as shown in FIG.
  • the tracking device 50 includes four movable parts (two first movable parts 51A and 51B and two second movable parts 52). Each movable part supports the edge part of the solar cell module 2 from the lower surface, and is provided at the center of the four sides of the solar cell module.
  • the first movable parts 51A and 51B are configured to expand and contract with a seasonal temperature change.
  • the first movable portion 51A disposed on the south side of the two first movable portions includes an outer cylinder 511, a spring 512A, and a support cylinder 513.
  • a spring 512A made of a bimetal whose shape changes with a temperature change is accommodated.
  • the outer cylinder 511 is made of a light-shielding member that shields sunlight, and heat from irradiation of sunlight is not transmitted to the internal space.
  • a support cylinder 513 is inserted into the inner space of the outer cylinder 511 so as to be movable up and down above the spring 512A.
  • the support cylinder 513 supports the back surface of the solar cell module 2.
  • the support cylinder 513 moves up and down according to the expansion and contraction of the spring 512A.
  • the spring 512A is composed of a metal having a small coefficient of thermal expansion on the outer peripheral side, and is composed of a metal having a large coefficient of thermal expansion on the inner peripheral side. Accordingly, the spring 512A is extended when the outside air temperature rises.
  • the outer peripheral side of the spring 512A is made of a Ni—Mn—Fe alloy
  • the inner peripheral side of the spring 512A is made of a Ni—Fe alloy.
  • the first movable part 51B arranged on the north side of the two first movable parts includes an outer cylinder 511, a spring 512B, and a support cylinder 513.
  • a spring 512B made of a bimetal whose shape changes according to a temperature change is accommodated.
  • the outer cylinder 511 is made of a light-shielding member that shields sunlight, and heat from irradiation of sunlight is not transmitted to the internal space.
  • a support cylinder 513 is inserted in the internal space of the outer cylinder 511 so as to be movable up and down above the spring 512B.
  • the support cylinder 513 supports the back surface of the solar cell module 2.
  • the support cylinder 513 moves up and down according to the expansion and contraction of the spring 512B.
  • the outer side of the spring 512B is made of a metal having a large thermal expansion coefficient, and the inner side is made of a metal having a small thermal expansion coefficient. As a result, the spring 512 is contracted when the outside air temperature rises.
  • the outer peripheral side of the spring 512B is made of a Ni—Fe alloy, and the inner peripheral side of the spring 512B is made of a Ni—Mn—Fe alloy.
  • the second movable part 52 is configured to expand and contract with the irradiation of sunlight.
  • the second movable portion 52 includes an outer cylinder 521, a spring 522, and a support cylinder 523.
  • a spring 522 made of bimetal whose shape changes with temperature change is accommodated.
  • the outer cylinder 521 is made of a transparent member that transmits sunlight (for example, a transparent acrylic resin), and heat from irradiation of sunlight is transmitted to the internal space.
  • a support cylinder 523 is inserted in the inner space of the outer cylinder 521 so as to be movable up and down above the spring 522.
  • the support cylinder 523 supports the back surface of the solar cell module 2.
  • the support cylinder 523 moves up and down as the spring 522 expands and contracts.
  • the spring 522 is made of bimetal, and the outer peripheral side and the inner peripheral side are made of different metals.
  • the spring 522 is made of a metal having a large thermal expansion coefficient on the outer peripheral side, and is made of a metal having a small thermal expansion coefficient on the inner peripheral side. As a result, the spring 522 contracts when the outside air temperature rises.
  • the outer peripheral side of the spring 522 is made of a Ni—Fe alloy
  • the inner peripheral side of the spring 522 is made of a Ni—Mn—Fe alloy.
  • FIG. 20A and FIG. 20B are diagrams showing the operation of each movable part when the solar cell module is rotated following the annual movement of the sun.
  • FIG. 20A shows the operation of each movable part in the summer when the altitude of the south and middle is relatively high in one year.
  • FIG. 20B shows the operation of each movable part in the winter when the altitude is relatively low in one year.
  • the first movable part 51A arranged on the south side of the two first movable parts is warmed by the outside temperature and extends.
  • positioned at the north side is warmed by external temperature, and shrinks.
  • the solar cell module 2 rotates around the virtual axis RL1 so as to face the direction of the annual movement of the sun (north-south direction), and has an optimum inclination angle corresponding to the south-middle altitude in summer.
  • the first movable portion 51B disposed on the north side of the two first movable portions is cooled by the outside temperature and extends.
  • the first movable portion 51A arranged on the south side is cooled by the outside air temperature and contracts.
  • the solar cell module 2 rotates around the virtual axis RL1 so as to face the direction of the annual movement of the sun (north-south direction), and has an optimum inclination angle corresponding to the south-middle altitude in winter.
  • FIG. 21A and FIG. 21B are diagrams showing the operation of each movable unit when the solar cell module is rotated following the solar diurnal motion.
  • FIG. 21A shows the operation of each movable part in the morning from sunrise to south-middle altitude in one day.
  • FIG. 21B shows the operation of each movable part in the afternoon from the southern middle altitude to the sunset in one year.
  • the solar cell module rotates around the virtual axis RL2 so as to face the direction of the sun's diurnal motion (east-west direction), and has an optimum inclination angle corresponding to the morning and middle altitudes in the morning.
  • the second movable portion 52 disposed on the west side of the two first movable portions 51 is hidden behind the solar cell module 2 and is not irradiated with sunlight. Therefore, the second movable part 52 disposed on the west side of the two second movable parts 52 does not expand and contract.
  • the solar cell module rotates around the virtual axis RL2 so as to face the direction of the solar diurnal motion (east-west direction), and has an optimum inclination angle corresponding to the south-central altitude in the afternoon.
  • the second movable part 52 disposed on the east side of the two second movable parts 52 is hidden behind the solar cell module 2 and is not irradiated with sunlight. Accordingly, the second movable portion 52 disposed on the east side of the two second movable portions 52 returns to its original length even when cooled.
  • the solar power generation device 53 of this modification compared with a fixed solar power generation device that can reduce costs by providing a simple tracking device that can obtain a stable power generation amount regardless of the movement of the sun. It is possible to obtain the same effects as those of the above-described embodiment, in which the usage amount of the solar cell element can be reduced, no new energy is required for tracking, and the power consumption can be reduced.
  • the solar power generation device 63 of this modification includes a solar cell module 2 and a tracking device 60 as shown in FIG.
  • the tracking device 60 includes three movable parts (first movable part 61, two second movable parts 52) and one support part 62. Each movable portion and support portion support the frame 6 of the solar cell module 2 from the back surface, and are provided at the center of the four sides of the solar cell module 2.
  • the first movable portion 61 is configured to expand and contract with a seasonal temperature change.
  • the first movable part 61 is arranged on the south side.
  • the first movable portion 61 is filled with a thermal expansion material 612 whose volume changes due to a temperature change in the internal space of the outer cylinder 611.
  • a support bar 613 is inserted above the thermal expansion material 612 so as to be movable up and down.
  • the thermal expansion material 612 it is desirable to use a material having a high thermal expansion coefficient and causing a large volume change with a small amount.
  • an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) having a thermal expansion coefficient of 16 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 15 / ° C.
  • the cost can be reduced by providing a simple tracking device that can obtain a stable power generation amount regardless of the movement of the sun, compared to a fixed solar power generation device. It is possible to obtain the same effects as those of the above-described embodiment, in which the usage amount of the solar cell element can be reduced, no new energy is required for tracking, and the power consumption can be reduced.
  • the thermal expansion material was used for some movable parts among several movable parts, you may use a thermal expansion material for not only this but all the several movable parts.
  • the plurality of movable parts include a configuration in which the volume changes with a change in the outside air temperature and a configuration in which the volume changes with the irradiation of sunlight.
  • FIG. 23 is a block diagram showing the solar power generation device of this embodiment.
  • the photovoltaic power generation apparatus 1000 of the present embodiment includes a solar cell module 1001 composed of the light collector 1002 and the solar cell element 1003 of the above embodiment, a tracking device 1008, an inverter 1004, and a storage battery 1005. And have.
  • the electric power obtained by the solar cell module 1001 is DC-AC converted by the inverter 1004 and output to the external load 1006.
  • Another power source 1007 is connected to an external load 1006. Electric power obtained by the solar cell module 1001 is charged in the storage battery 1005 and discharged from the storage battery 1005 as necessary.
  • the technical scope in the aspect of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the aspect of the present invention.
  • the shape of a light guide is not limited to a plate-shaped body,
  • a rod-shaped body may be sufficient and can be changed suitably.
  • the shape, size, number, arrangement, constituent material, manufacturing method, and the like of various components in the above embodiment are not limited to those illustrated in the above embodiment, and can be changed as appropriate.
  • the aspect of the present invention can be used for a solar power generation apparatus that tracks the movement of the sun.

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Abstract

L'invention porte sur un dispositif de génération d'énergie photovoltaïque solaire qui comprend un module de cellule solaire et un orienteur. Le module de cellule solaire est pourvu : d'un élément de captage de la lumière qui permet à de la lumière provenant de l'extérieur de rentrer par au moins une surface principale de l'élément de captage de lumière, qui permet à la lumière de se propager à l'intérieur et de sortir par au moins une surface d'extrémité de l'élément de captage de lumière ; d'un élément de cellule solaire qui est agencé au niveau de la surface d'extrémité de l'élément de captage de lumière, qui reçoit la lumière émise par la surface d'extrémité et qui génère l'énergie électrique. L'orienteur incline le module de cellule solaire en réponse au mouvement du soleil. Le dispositif de poursuite fait tourner le module solaire autour d'axes de rotation se croisant.
PCT/JP2012/074373 2011-09-26 2012-09-24 Dispositif de génération d'énergie photovoltaïque solaire WO2013047424A1 (fr)

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CN104836520B (zh) * 2015-06-02 2017-07-07 赵守喆 分时段跟踪的数控光伏支架系统
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CN106026865B (zh) * 2016-07-26 2019-02-26 安曼(苏州)新能源科技有限公司 一种太阳能电池板系统
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