WO2018054258A1 - 肥料生产系统 - Google Patents

肥料生产系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018054258A1
WO2018054258A1 PCT/CN2017/101596 CN2017101596W WO2018054258A1 WO 2018054258 A1 WO2018054258 A1 WO 2018054258A1 CN 2017101596 W CN2017101596 W CN 2017101596W WO 2018054258 A1 WO2018054258 A1 WO 2018054258A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
roller
mace
plastic
drying
hopper
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/101596
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王学江
于拥军
李峰
孙继成
黄善华
王月刚
李海迪
Original Assignee
五洲丰农业科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 五洲丰农业科技有限公司 filed Critical 五洲丰农业科技有限公司
Priority to CA3037200A priority Critical patent/CA3037200C/en
Priority to DE112017004695.5T priority patent/DE112017004695B4/de
Priority to IL265096A priority patent/IL265096B/en
Priority to EA201990629A priority patent/EA036873B1/ru
Priority to US16/332,802 priority patent/US20190240632A1/en
Publication of WO2018054258A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018054258A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
    • B01J2/22—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by pressing in moulds or between rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B02C18/142—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with two or more inter-engaging rotatable cutter assemblies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/22—Feed or discharge means
    • B02C18/2225—Feed means
    • B02C18/2241—Feed means of conveyor belt type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/22—Feed or discharge means
    • B02C18/2225—Feed means
    • B02C18/2258—Feed means of screw type
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B19/00—Granulation or pelletisation of phosphatic fertilisers, other than slag
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B02C2018/147—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers of the plural stage type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fertilizer granulation production system.
  • the cavity of the outer surface of the sleeve for preparing fertilizer granules is generally hemispherical, semi-ellipsoidal or straight.
  • the granulation rate of the granulator using the existing shape cavity pocket sleeve is low, and the material that has not been granulated needs to be returned to the granulation system for reprocessing, resulting in a decrease in granulation efficiency.
  • the existing hoist for the fertilizer granulation production system has the following defects in the use process: First, the hopper has an uncertainty in the direction of the transmission process, and is easily deflected by the disturbance. The material can not be normally loaded and unloaded; Secondly, the material in the hopper is easy to adhere to the inner wall of the hopper, and the material cannot be completely cut, which reduces the utilization rate of the hoist.
  • the granular granulation raw material crushing machine used in the fertilizer granulation production system and as the prior art mainly comprises a pair of crushing rolls, and the bulk material passing through the passage between the crushing rolls is pressed and struck into fine particles. .
  • the material that meets the fineness requirement is sieved into the next process, and the larger particles sieved out are subjected to the crushing operation through the crusher feed port.
  • the disadvantages of this method are mainly as follows: First, the compound fertilizer raw material crushing operation process is cumbersome and inefficient; Secondly, due to the need to set up a large particle material return system, the equipment has a large area occupied and a high investment cost.
  • the abrasive granulation production system used in the fertilizer granulation production system and the prior art abrasive granule roller mainly have the following disadvantages: First, the material is easily broken and broken when the tumbling abrasive grain is smashed; second, the material is baked. The rapidly heated abrasive grains in the dry abrasive cylinder tend to form bulky bulk materials, resulting in uneven or bonded material drying abrasive grains.
  • the present invention is directed to providing a granular fertilizer roll cover, a granulator using the same, and a fertilizer production system, which overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and the technical problem to be solved is: first, by improving the roll cover The cavity design of the cavity cavity increases the granulation rate; Second, further improves the granulation rate and granulation by improving the structure of the granulator Efficiency; Thirdly, avoid the hoisting of the hopper due to disturbance and improve the utilization rate of the hoist; Fourth, during the crushing process of the raw material, the crushing chamber is repeatedly crushed to the large particle material, and the one-time discharge reaches the fineness requirement.
  • a fertilizer production system comprising a granulator, a crusher and a conveyor belt located below the discharge port of the crusher, a spiral agitating feeder is arranged under the conveyor belt, and further comprises a hoist and a sanding roller;
  • the feeding inlet of the machine is located directly below the blanking end of the conveyor belt, the discharging end of the screw agitating feeder is located directly above the feeding port of the granulator, and the feeding end of the lifting machine is located at the blanking end of the granulator Directly below, the discharge end of the hoist is connected to the feed end of the abrasive drum through a feed line;
  • the hoist includes a z-shaped body composed of a horizontally disposed base portion, a vertically disposed rising portion, and a horizontally disposed output portion, the lower end of the rising portion being in contact with the front end of the base portion, and the upper end is The rear end of the output portion is connected, the base portion, the rising portion and the output portion each have an inner cavity and the three inner cavities are sequentially connected to form a Z-shaped inner cavity of the body, and the Z-shaped inner cavity is provided with a transmission chain, the transmission The chain is two and disposed on the left and right sides of the Z-shaped inner cavity; a plurality of hoppers arranged in sequence are installed between the two transmission chains, and the left and right ends of the hopper are respectively rotatably connected with the transmission chains on the left and right sides, and the hopper
  • the rotating joint is located above the hopper empty center of gravity and the center of gravity of the load; the z-shaped inner cavity is further provided with a steering sprocket and a drive chain that cooperate
  • the tray is further provided with a vent hole whose top end is inclined toward the rear, and the bottom of the tray is further provided with a fan whose blowing direction is upward;
  • the granulator includes a casing having a granulation chamber, a top of the casing is provided with a feeding device, and a bottom end is provided with a discharge end, and the feeding device is a shrinking port facing downward and a funnel in which the granules communicate with each other, wherein the granulating chamber is horizontally mounted with a first pressing roller, a second pressing roller, a first shaping mace and a second shaping mace;
  • the first pressure roller and the second pressure roller are of the same height and each include a roller shaft and a roller sleeve that is sleeved on the outer surface of the roller shaft; the front end and the rear end of the roller shaft are respectively respectively connected with the front wall of the housing Rotating connection with the rear wall; a rolling gap is left between the sleeve of the first pressing roller and the sleeve of the second pressing roller, and the rolling gap is located directly below the shrinking opening of the feeding device;
  • the first plastic mace and the second plastic mace are of the same height and each has a plurality of striking columns fixed at the root and the surface of the deformed macadam; the front end of each of the plastic mace rods And the rear end are respectively rotatably connected to the front wall and the rear wall of the casing; the distance from the rotation axis of the first plastic mace to the outer end of the first plastic mace striking column and the rotation axis of the second plastic mace to the second shaping
  • the sum of the distances of the mace striking the outer end of the column is greater than the distance between the axis of rotation of the first plastic mace and the axis of rotation of the second plastic mace; and the striking columns on the two plastic maces do not interfere with each other;
  • the rolling gap is located directly above the middle of the first plastic mace and the second plastic mace, and the discharging end is located at a middle position between the first plastic mace and the second plastic mace Directly below;
  • the feeding device is further horizontally disposed with a stirring roller located above the shrinking port, and the stirring roller is provided with a plurality of stirring teeth, and the front and rear ends of the stirring roller are respectively opposite to the front wall and the rear wall of the funnel Rotate the connection;
  • the roller core has a vent hole penetrating through the front and the rear, the vent hole is connected with a temperature control device at one end and a fan connected to the other end;
  • the striking column is fixed on the plastic rod bar by a screw connection
  • the outer cylindrical surface of the sleeve has a plurality of cavity cavities of the same size, the cavity cavity has a regular hexagonal cross-sectional shape, and the cavity is closely embedded on the outer cylindrical surface of the sleeve There is a space between the adjacent cavity pockets.
  • the crusher comprises a frame and a casing mounted on the frame, wherein the upper end of the casing is provided with a feeding port, and the lower end is provided with a discharging port;
  • the casing includes a front wall panel and a rear wall panel, and the front and rear ends of the roller shafts of the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller which are disposed in parallel with each other and are of uniform height are respectively mounted on the front wall panel and the rear wall panel by a bearing mechanism;
  • the crusher is also
  • the utility model comprises a reducer mounted on the frame, wherein the power output end of the reducer is connected with the rear protruding end of the roller shaft of the first crushing roller through the first transmission mechanism; the rear protruding end of the roller shaft of the first crushing roller is further connected a linkage transmission mechanism located outside the rear wall panel, the linkage transmission mechanism is further connected with a rear protruding end of the roller shaft of the second crushing roller;
  • the crusher further comprising a first crushing roller
  • the front wall panel and the rear wall panel are respectively provided with upper and lower guiding grooves, and the guiding groove is provided with a lead screw which is oriented in the same direction as the guiding groove.
  • a threaded mother is mounted on the lead screw; a front and a rear bearing housing for supporting the roller shaft of the adjusting roller are respectively connected to the silk core of the front wall plate and the rear wall plate.
  • the abrasive grain drum comprises a base, a bracket 1 and a bracket 2 mounted on the base, and is mounted on the bracket 1 and the bracket 2 and is opposite to the bracket 1 and the bracket 2 a rotating roller assembly, wherein the base is further mounted with a driving device connected to the roller assembly to drive the rotation of the roller assembly, and a heating device connected to the roller assembly and heating the roller assembly, the left end of the roller assembly is provided with an inlet and a right end An outlet is provided, the axis of the drum assembly is inclined with respect to a horizontal plane and the inlet is higher than the outlet, and the drum assembly is arranged by a guide cylinder, a pre-drying abrasive cylinder, and a drying oven from the inlet end to the outlet end.
  • the abrasive cylinder and the smooth cylinder are connected;
  • the inner wall of the pre-baked abrasive drum is provided with a preheating rib edge parallel to the axis of the pre-drying abrasive drum; [0023] the inner wall of the tumbling drying abrasive cylinder is provided with Lifting the lifting plate of the axis of the grinding barrel; [0024] the discharging port of the guiding cylinder communicates with the inlet of the pre-drying abrasive cylinder, and the discharging port of the pre-drying abrasive cylinder And communicating with the inlet of the drying and drying granule, the outlet of the tumbling drying granule is connected with the inlet of the smoothing cylinder.
  • the riser is composed of a substrate fixed on the inner wall of the tumbling drying granule by an outer edge and a wing connected to the inner edge of the substrate at the outer edge;
  • the angle between the wing plate and the substrate is 90 ° or 135 ° or 180 °;
  • the inner edge of the wing has a serration
  • the pre-drying abrasive cylinder and the tumbling drying abrasive cylinder are connected by a barrier device, and the barrier device has An annular base body, wherein one side of the base body is connected to the pre-drying abrasive cylinder, and the other side is connected to the tumbling drying abrasive cylinder, and the base body is provided with a plurality of radial movements relative to the base body along the base body a partition, the plurality of partitions being circumferentially distributed;
  • the inner edge of the partition is provided with serrations.
  • the use of a cavity cavity for the hemispherical roll sleeve can produce a granule squeeze of 550 kg.
  • 700 kg of granular extrudate can be produced, which greatly increases the granulation rate, and the granulation crucible using the roll cover of the present invention is shortened by 12 relative to the hemispherical roll cover. %, improved granulation efficiency.
  • the granulator adopts a roll sleeve having a regular hexagonal cross-sectional shape, which improves the granulation rate and builds (2)
  • the striking column on the plastic mace in the granulator is installed on the deformed mace rod by thread connection.
  • the feeding device in the granulator is also provided with a stirring roller located above the shrinking mouth, which can make the raw material more evenly enter the pair of rolls, avoiding the occurrence of breakage during extrusion; (4)
  • the granulator The roller shaft is provided with a venting hole, and one end of the venting hole is connected with a temperature control device, and the other end is connected with a fan, so that the wind arch of the appropriate temperature can be input into the core of the roller shaft according to the temperature of the granulation production to adjust the roller.
  • the temperature ensures that the humidity of the granular fertilizer meets the production requirements.
  • the left and right ends of the hoist of the hoisting machine of the present invention are respectively rotatably connected with the transmission chain of the left and right sides, and the rotating connection is located above the center of gravity of the hopper and the center of gravity of the load, thereby ensuring that the hopper is discharged from the feeding port.
  • the mouth movement is ⁇
  • the hopper keeps the mouth up, and is not easily deflected by the disturbance to ensure the normal loading and unloading of the material
  • the hopper moves to the bottom of the output part, the front side of the rising part and the bottom part of the base part, respectively, by the tray, the rib and the bottom plate
  • the stroke bar can ensure that the hopper is completely cut, improve the utilization of the hoist
  • the aspect can assist the volatilization of the water in the hopper, avoiding the accumulation of moisture and causing the material to adhere to the hopper, further improving the utilization rate of the hoist, and on the other hand, the oblique blowing can make the hopper have a tendency to rotate along the squeaking needle, so as to block Hold the tray tightly, avoiding the hopper being disturbed and free Flip.
  • the crusher of the present invention is crushed by the crushing and striking action between the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller, and the crushing fineness material is adjusted by the adjusting roller and the first crushing roller and The gap between the second crushing rolls falls and is discharged through the discharge port, and the material that has not reached the crushing fineness is returned to the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller to be repeatedly broken by the driving of the regulating roller.
  • the large particle material is repeatedly broken in the crushing chamber, and the one-time discharge reaches the fineness requirement, which improves the operation efficiency and reduces the equipment investment.
  • the two bearing seats for supporting the roller of the regulating roller can be raised and lowered to adjust the height position of the regulating roller, thereby adjusting the size of the discharge particles of the crusher.
  • the crusher of the invention has an adjusting roller disposed directly below the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller and directly above the discharging port, and the adjusting roller has three functions, and the first rotating state drives the large granular material to move upward to return to Squeezing the crushing chamber; secondly, it forms two left and right blanking gaps with the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller, and only the crushed fine material satisfying the fineness requirement can pass through the slit; third, it and the first A crushing roller and a second crushing roller constitute a crushing and three-rolling mechanism, and the three cooperate to carry out material extrusion and striking.
  • the abrasive grain drum of the invention has the following positive effects: (1)
  • the abrasive grain drum is provided with a pre-drying abrasive cylinder before the drying of the drying abrasive cylinder, which can avoid drying caused by rapid drying.
  • the pre-drying abrasive cylinder is provided with a preheating lifting rib on the inner wall, and the material only has a small amplitude flipping under the action of the preheating lifting rib, avoiding the excessive cracking caused by the overturning.
  • the material has a certain hardness, and can avoid the breakage due to large-scale turning after entering the tumbling drying abrasive cylinder;
  • the abrasive roller has a setting
  • the blocking device for connecting the pre-baked abrasive cylinder with the tumbling drying abrasive cylinder can adjust the amount of material entering the tumbling drying abrasive cylinder by adjusting the partition to ensure that the material stays in the pre-drying abrasive cylinder During the daytime, it is ensured that the material enters the tumbling drying abrasive granule and has a certain hardness.
  • the inner edge of the partition plate is provided with serrations, which can effectively disperse and distribute the material, so that the drying is more uniform and not Bonding occurs, Lifting and grinding effect;
  • the wing plate of the inner drum of the drying abrasive cylinder has a plurality of different inclination angles relative to the substrate, so that the material can be fully turned and mixed to improve the drying effect.
  • the inner edge of the wing plate has serrations, which can effectively disperse and distribute the material, further making the turning and drying more uniform, and further improving the drying effect and the abrasive grain of the tumbling drying abrasive cylinder.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a granular fertilizer roller cover of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a granulator according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a fertilizer production system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a hoist according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the overall shape of the crusher and the position of the crushing roller of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the crusher of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a abrasive roller of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a pre-baked abrasive cylinder of the abrasive grain drum of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a abrasive grain drum blocking device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the abrasive grain drum of the present invention.
  • the fertilizer production system of the present invention comprises a crusher 1 and a conveyor belt 2 located below the discharge port 1 -6 of the crusher 1, and a spiral agitating feed is disposed below the conveyor belt 2.
  • Machine 3 the function of the screw agitating feeder 3 is to uniformly mix the materials crushed by different crushers 1 and transport them to the subsequent granulator 4
  • This embodiment also includes a granulator 4, a hoist 5, and a sanding drum 6.
  • the feed port of the screw agitating feeder 3 is located directly below the blanking end of the conveyor belt 2, and the discharge end of the screw agitating feeder 3 is located directly above the inlet of the granulator 4.
  • the feed port 5-5 of the hoist 5 is located directly below the blanking end of the granulator 4, and the discharge port 5-6 of the hoist 5 is connected to the feed end of the abrasive drum 6 through a feed line, the abrasive drum 6 Measuring device connected to the discharge end
  • the hoist 5 of the present embodiment includes a Z-shaped body 5-1 composed of a horizontally disposed base portion, a vertically disposed rising portion, and a horizontally disposed output portion, the rising portion
  • the lower end is in contact with the front end of the base portion, the upper end is connected to the rear end of the output portion, the base portion, the rising portion and the output portion each have an inner cavity and the three inner cavities are sequentially connected to form a Z-shaped inner cavity of the body 5-1,
  • the moving chain has two transmission chains and are respectively disposed on the left and right sides of the z-shaped inner cavity.
  • a plurality of hoppers 5-2 are arranged between the two transmission chains.
  • the left and right ends of the hopper 5-2 are respectively rotatably connected to the transmission chains on the left and right sides, and the rotation connection is located in the hopper 5-2.
  • the Z-shaped inner cavity is further provided with a steering sprocket 5-3 that cooperates with the transmission chain to arrange the transmission chain along the Z-shaped inner cavity Z-direction and cooperates with the transmission chain to drive the transmission chain movement.
  • a steering sprocket 5-3 that cooperates with the transmission chain to arrange the transmission chain along the Z-shaped inner cavity Z-direction and cooperates with the transmission chain to drive the transmission chain movement.
  • the top end of the rear end of the base portion is provided with a feed port 5-5, and the bottom end of the front end of the output portion is provided with a discharge port 5-6.
  • the hopper 5-2 is connected at the rear edge of the mouth end with a rib located outside the mouth of the mouth and used for contacting the front edge of the hopper 5-2 of the adjacent rear;
  • the front and rear directions refer to the front and rear of the direction of movement of the drive chain.
  • the drive sprocket 5-4 is disposed above the discharge port 5-6, and the drive sprocket 5-4 is provided with a knocker bar 5-
  • the base portion has a bottom plate for restricting the hopper 5-2 from being turned over; the bottom of the output portion is provided with a tray 5-8 for restricting the hopper 5-2 from being turned over.
  • the tray 5-8 is further provided with a vent hole whose top end is inclined toward the rear, and the bottom of the tray 5-8 is further provided with a fan 5-9 whose blowing direction is upward.
  • the material falls into the hopper 5-2 from the inlet 5-5, and the hopper 5-2 passes through the rising portion to reach the output portion.
  • the hopper 5-2 is always under the action of the gravity and the weight of the material.
  • the hopper 5-2 keeps the cornice down under the restriction of the tray 5-8; to be moved to the front side of the rising portion, the hopper 5-2 is always under the action of its own weight, and the rib of each hopper 5-2 is always In contact with the edge of the latter hopper 5-2, the hopper 5-2 is subjected to three forces, namely: gravity, the force of the front hopper 5-2 rib to the hopper 5-2 and the latter hopper 5-2 The force of the rib 5-2 rib, because the latter two forces are related to gravity, so the three achieve the force balance so that each hopper 5-2 always maintains this state until reaching the base part, and then the limit of the bottom plate Keep the mouth down until it moves again below the feed port 5-5
  • the vent holes of the tray 5-8 are directed to each material.
  • Bucket 5-2 obliquely blows air, on the one hand, it can help the water in the hopper 5-2 to volatilize, avoiding the accumulation of moisture and causing the material to adhere to the hopper 5-2.
  • the oblique blowing can make the hopper 5-2 have The movement tendency of the needle rotation is such that the rib is closely attached to the tray 5-8, and the hopper 5-2 is prevented from being disturbed and turned over at will.
  • the crusher includes a frame 1-1 and a casing 1-3 mounted on the frame 1-1, wherein the upper end of the casing 1-3 is provided with a feeding port 1-4 The lower end is provided with a discharge port 1-6.
  • the casing 1-3 includes a front wall panel and a rear wall panel, and rollers of the first crushing roller 1-2 and the second crushing roller 1-5 which are disposed in parallel with each other and have a uniform height
  • the front and rear ends of the shaft are respectively mounted on the front and rear wall panels by a bearing mechanism.
  • the embodiment of the crusher of the present invention further includes a motor 1-8 mounted on the frame 1-1 and a speed reducer 1-9 connected to the motor 1-8.
  • the power output end of the speed reducer 1-9 is connected to the rear end of the roller shaft of the first crushing roller 1-2 through the first transmission mechanism 1-10.
  • the rear end of the roller shaft of the first crushing roller 1-2 is further connected with a linkage transmission mechanism 1 - 11 located outside the rear wall panel, and the linkage transmission mechanism 1 - 11 and the roller of the second crushing roller 1-5 The rear end of the shaft is connected.
  • the speed reducer 1-9 drives the first crushing roller 1-2 to rotate by the first transmission mechanism 1-10 (such as a belt transmission mechanism), and the roller shaft of the first crushing roller 1-2 is driven by the linkage transmission mechanism 1-11.
  • the second crushing rolls 1-5 rotate in synchronization.
  • the linkage transmission mechanism 1-11 may be an intermeshing gear linkage mechanism or a belt linkage mechanism.
  • the first crushing roller 1-2 and the second crushing roller 1-5 are respectively provided with a plurality of root striking columns 1-12 whose roots are fixed to the surface of the crushing roller.
  • the striking columns on each crushing roller are staggered in length.
  • Embodiments of the crusher of the present invention further include being disposed directly below the intermediate position of the first crushing roller 1-2 and the second crushing roller 1-5 and with the first crushing roller 1-2 and the second crushing roller 1-5 Parallel adjustment rolls 1-7, the rolls of which are mounted on the front and rear wall panels by a respective bearing block.
  • the front end of the roller shaft of the regulating roller 1-7 is connected to the front end of the roller shaft of the first crushing roller 1-2 or the second crushing roller 1-5 through the second transmission mechanism 1-13.
  • the "extending" in the "rear protruding end” and the “front protruding end” means extending outward from the front wall panel or the rear wall panel.
  • the surface of the adjusting roller 1-7 is provided with a plurality of uniformly arranged convex or convex columns.
  • the front wall plate and the rear wall plate are respectively provided with upper and lower guiding grooves, and the guiding groove is mounted with a lead screw which is oriented in the same direction as the guiding groove, and the lead screw is mounted on the lead screw.
  • Roller for supporting the adjustment rolls 1-7 A bearing housing in front of and behind the shaft is respectively coupled to the wire mother of the front wall panel and the rear wall panel and mates with the guiding groove.
  • the nut carrier carries two bearing seats for supporting the roller shaft of the adjusting roller 1-7, and is used for adjusting the height position of the adjusting roller 1-7, thereby adjusting the discharging particle of the crusher the size of.
  • the second transmission mechanism 1-13 is preferably a belt transmission mechanism, and a belt tensioning pulley is provided in the mechanism.
  • the tensioner is used to maintain the proper tension of the belt.
  • the abrasive drum of the present invention comprises a base 6-1, a bracket 6-2 and a bracket 2-6 mounted on the base 6-1, and a bracket 6-2 and a bracket 2 a drum assembly 6-6 and rotatable relative to the bracket 6-2 and the bracket 2-6, and the base 6-1 is further mounted with a driving device 6-4 connected to the drum assembly to drive the drum assembly to rotate.
  • a heating device connected to the roller assembly and heating the roller assembly, the roller assembly is provided with an inlet at the left end and an outlet at the right end, the axis of the roller assembly is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane and the inlet is higher than the outlet, and the inclination angle is 2 ⁇ 5°;
  • the drum assembly is provided with a guide cylinder 6-5-1, a pre-drying abrasive cylinder 6-5, which are arranged in order from the inlet end to the outlet end, respectively, to coincide with each other (ie, coincide with the axis of the drum assembly) - 2, the lapped dry abrasive cylinder 6-5-3 and the smooth cylinder 6-5-4 are connected.
  • the inner wall of the pre-drying abrasive drum 6-5-2 is provided with a plurality of angle irons, and the angle iron mouth is directed toward the inner wall of the pre-baked abrasive cylinder 6-5-2.
  • the ends of the angle iron are sealed by means of welded steel sheets to form a preheating gusset 6-5-2-1 which runs parallel to the axis of the drum assembly.
  • the inner wall of the tumbling drying abrasive drum 6-5-3 is provided with a louver 6-5-3-1 parallel to the axis of the drum assembly,
  • the plate 6-5-3-1 is fixed by the outer edge (ie, the root) on the inner wall of the tumbling drying abrasive drum 6-5-3 and the plane passing through the axis of the drum assembly and the outer edge of the substrate
  • the wing plate is connected, and the angle between the wing plate and the substrate is 90. Or 135. Or 180.
  • the three angles of the riser 6-5-3-1 are staggered; the inner edge of the wing has serrations.
  • the pre-drying abrasive drum 6-5-2 is connected to the tumbling drying abrasive cylinder 6-5-3 through a blocking device.
  • the barrier device has an annular base body 6-5-5-1, and the base body 6-5-5-1-side is connected to the pre-drying abrasive barrel 6-5-2, and the other side is turned over.
  • the dry drying abrasive drum 6-5-3 is connected; the base 6-5-5-1 is provided with a plurality of partitions 6-5-5-2, the partition 6-5-5-2
  • the long groove is provided, and the partition 6-5-5-2 is fixed on the base 6-5-5-1 by a screw passing through the long groove, and the loose screw ⁇ partition 6-5-5-2 can be opposite
  • the base body 6-5-5-1 moves in the radial direction of the base body 6-5-5-1, and the plurality of partition plates 6-5-5-2 are circumferentially distributed, and the partition plate 6-5-5-2
  • the inner edge is provided with serrations.
  • the discharge port of the guide cylinder 6-5-1 is in communication with the inlet of the pre-drying abrasive cylinder 6-5-2, and the pre-drying abrasive cylinder 6
  • the discharge port of -5-2 is connected to the inlet of the tumbling drying abrasive cylinder 6-5-3, and the discharge port of the tumbling drying abrasive cylinder 6-5-3 and the smoothing cylinder 6-
  • the inlet ports of 5-4 are connected.
  • the abrasive grain crucible is dried, the driving device 6-4 drives the drum assembly to rotate, and the same heating device heats the drum assembly, and the material enters the pre-drying mill through the guide cylinder 6-5-1.
  • the pre-drying barrel 6-5-2 has an independent temperature control device to ensure that the temperature of the pre-drying barrel 6-5-2 is lower than that of the tumbling Drying the temperature of the barrel 6-5-3, avoiding uneven drying and material bonding caused by rapid drying;
  • the material is preheated and raised over the edge 6- Under the action of 5-2-1, only a small amount of flipping occurs, avoiding excessive cracking and causing chipping, and after drying of the pre-baked abrasive cylinder 6-5-2, the material has a certain hardness and can Avoid breaking into the tumbling drying abrasive cylinder 6-5-3 due to large turning;
  • Adjusting the inwardly extending length of the partition 6-5-5-2 of the blocking device can be adjusted to enter the tumbling drying abrasive cylinder 6-5-3 by the pre-drying abrasive cylinder 6-5-2.
  • the amount of material, to ensure that the material stays in the pre-drying barrel 6-5-2, to ensure that the material enters the tumbling drying barrel 6-5-3, has a certain hardness, and, the partition
  • the inner edge of 6 -5-5-2 is provided with serrations, which can effectively disperse and distribute the material, so that the drying is more uniform, no bonding occurs, and the drying effect and the abrasive effect are improved;
  • the lifting plate 6-5-3-1 fully flips and mixes the material, and the drying abrasive grain has good effect, and the inner edge of the wing has Sawtooth, which can effectively disperse and disperse the material, further make the turning and drying more uniform, and improve the drying effect and abrasive effect of the tumbling drying abrasive cylinder 6-5-3;
  • the dried and ground material is discharged through a smoothing cylinder 6-5-4.
  • the granulator includes a frame body and a casing mounted on the frame body, the casing has a granulation cavity therein, and the top of the casing is provided with a feeding device, and the bottom raft is provided At the discharge end, the feeding device is contracted a funnel 4-1 having a mouth facing downward and communicating with the granulation chamber, wherein the granulating chamber is horizontally mounted with a first pressing roller 4-2, a second pressing roller 4-3, and a first shaping mace 4 which are parallel to each other. -4 and the second plastic mace 4-5;
  • the feeding device is further horizontally disposed with a stirring roller 4-6 located above the shrinking port, and the stirring roller 4-6 is provided with a plurality of stirring teeth, and the front and rear ends of the stirring roller 4-6 Rotatingly connected to the front wall and the rear wall of the funnel 4-1, respectively;
  • the first pressure roller 4-2 and the second pressure roller 4-3 are of the same height and each include a roller shaft and a granular fertilizer roll sleeve that is fitted on the outer surface of the roller shaft;
  • the rear end is respectively rotatably connected to the front wall and the rear wall of the casing;
  • a rolling gap is left between the roller sleeve of the first pressure roller 4-2 and the roller sleeve of the second pressure roller 4-3, and the roller pressure is The gap is located directly below the shrinkage opening of the feeding device;
  • the roller core has a vent hole penetrating through the front and the rear, the vent hole is connected with a temperature control device at one end, and a fan is connected at the other end, so that the wind arch of a suitable temperature can be input according to the temperature of the granulation production.
  • the core of the roller shaft adjusts the temperature of the pair of rollers to ensure that the humidity of the granular fertilizer meets the production requirements;
  • the first plastic mace 4-4 and the second plastic mace 4-5 are of the same height and each has a plurality of striking columns fixed at the root and the surface of the deformed mace;
  • the front end and the rear end of the tooth bar body are respectively rotatably connected with the front wall and the rear wall of the housing;
  • the distance between the first plastic mace 4-4 rotation axis and the outer end of the first plastic mace 4-4 hitting column The sum of the distances of the second plastic mace 4-5 rotation axis to the outer end of the second plastic mace 4-5 striking the column is greater than the rotation axis of the first plastic mace 4-4 and the second plastic mace 4- 5
  • the distance between the axes of rotation and the striking columns on the two plastic mace bars do not interfere with each other;
  • the striking column is fixed on the deformed mace rod by a screw connection; the striking column can be replaced separately after being damaged, without replacing the entire reed mace;
  • the rolling gap is located directly above the middle of the first plastic mace 4-4 and the second plastic mace 4-5, and the discharging end is located at the first plastic mace 4-4
  • the second plastic mace 4-5 is directly below the middle position.
  • the granulator further includes a first motor and a second motor mounted on the frame, the first motor drives the first pressure roller 4-2 to rotate by a belt or other transmission mechanism, and the second motor passes the belt or other transmission.
  • the mechanism drives the second pressure roller 4-3 to rotate; and, the first pressure roller 4-2 is also connected to the agitating roller 4-6 through a belt or other transmission mechanism to drive the agitating roller 4-6 to rotate, and the second pressure roller 4-4 3 is connected to the second plastic mace 4-5 by a belt or other transmission mechanism to drive the second plastic mace 4-5 to rotate, and the first pressure roller 4-2 passes the belt or other transmission mechanism with the first plastic wolf
  • the dental bars 4-4 are connected to drive the first plastic mace 4-4 to rotate.
  • the granulator assembly ⁇ by adjusting the relative mounting positions of the first pressure roller 4-2 and the second pressure roller 4-3, ensures that the cavity pockets between the two roller sleeves correspond to each other.
  • the granulator works, the raw material enters from the funnel 4-1, and after the uniform stirring of the stirring roller 4-6 reaches the pair of rolls, the raw material between the two cavity pockets is extruded into a regular hexagonal column shape.
  • the raw material at the interval between the cavities and cavities is extruded into a sheet shape, and the hexagonal columnar extrudate is connected into the sheet by the laminar portion, and the roller falls into the first plastic mace 4-4 and the second.
  • the middle of the plastic mace 4-5 is tapped into a granular rough material and then output from the discharge end.
  • the outer surface of the cylindrical sleeve of the granular fertilizer roller has a plurality of cavity cavities of the same size, and the cross-sectional shape of the cavities is a regular hexagon, and the cavities are closely packed. On the outer cylindrical surface of the sleeve, there is a space between adjacent cavity pockets.
  • the embossing is a geometric term, which means: splicing with several or dozens of plane patterns of the same shape and size, without leaving a gap between each other, without overlapping, is a plane graphic
  • the close shop also known as the mosaic of plane graphics.
  • the "no gap” means that the shapes of the adjacent portions of the pattern coincide, so that a large-area abrupt void can be left.
  • the "interval between adjacent cavity pockets” as described in the sleeve of the present invention means that there is a certain interval between the two in the case of an anastomotic shape to distinguish the cavity pockets from each other, and " There is no difference in the gap between the "species” gaps, and the two are not contradictory.
  • the urea, the monoammonium phosphate and the potassium chloride raw materials are respectively crushed by a crusher 1, and the blanking speed of the three crushers 1 is controlled to ensure the ratio of the three raw materials, the specific mass ratio
  • the three crushed raw materials are conveyed to the granulator 4 via the conveyor belt 2 and the screw agitating feeder 3 for rolling granulation, and then lifted into the abrasive drum 6 by the hoisting machine 5 for shaping, and the fertilizer granules are shaped into a spherical shape.
  • the packaging is carried out by a metering and packaging machine.

Abstract

本发明公开了一种肥料生产系统。辊套的外圆柱面上具有若干大小相同的模腔穴窝，所述模腔穴窝截面形状为正六边形，所述模腔穴窝密铺于辊套的外圆柱面上，且相邻的模腔穴窝之间留有间隔。本辊套够大大提高成粒率即单位数量的原料所产生的颗粒状挤出物数量，同时提高造粒效率。所述造粒机和肥料生产系统均采用了上述制颗粒肥料辊套，亦起到了提高成粒率和造粒效率的积极效果。

Description

肥料生产系统
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及一种肥料造粒生产系统。
背景技术
[0002] 现有的肥料生产系统中， 制备肥料颗粒用的辊套外表面模腔穴窝一般为半球状 、 半椭球状或者直槽状。 在实际应用中发现， 利用现有形状模腔穴窝辊套的造 粒机一次成粒率偏低， 未一次成粒的物料需要返回造粒系统重新加工， 导致造 粒效率下降。
[0003] 另一方面， 现有的用于肥料造粒生产系统的提升机在使用过程中存在如下缺陷 ： 第一、 料斗在传输过程中方向存在不确定性， 易受扰动影响而发生偏转， 无 法保证物料的正常上下料； 第二、 料斗中的物料易粘附在料斗内壁上， 无法完 全下料， 降低了提升机的利用率。
[0004] 再次， 用于肥料造粒生产系统并作为现有技术的颗粒肥料原料破碎机主要包括 一对破碎辊， 经过破碎辊之间通道的大块物料被挤压、 击打变成细小颗粒。 达 到细度要求的物料经过过筛进入下一道工序， 筛分出的较大颗粒经破碎机加料 口循环经历破碎操作。 这种方式的缺点主要是： 第一、 复合肥原料破碎操作工 序繁琐并且效率低； 第二、 由于需要设置大颗粒物料返回系统， 导致设备占地 面积大、 投资成本高。
[0005] 同吋， 用于肥料造粒生产系统并作为现有技术的磨粒滚筒主要存在以下缺点： 第一、 物料在被翻动磨粒吋易发生碰撞而碎裂； 第二、 物料在烘干磨粒筒内快 速受热磨粒吋容易形成体积较大的块状物料， 导致物料烘干磨粒不均匀或者粘 接。
技术问题
[0006] 本发明旨在提供一种制颗粒肥料辊套、 使用该辊套的造粒机及肥料生产系统， 克服现有技术的缺陷， 所要解决的技术问题是， 第一、 通过改进辊套模腔穴窝 的设计方式提高成粒率； 第二、 通过改进造粒机结构进一步提高成粒率和造粒 效率； 第三、 避免提升机料斗因扰动而发生翻转， 并提高提升机的利用率； 第 四、 原料破碎过程中实现破碎腔室内对大颗粒物料反复破碎， 一次性出料达到 细度要求， 以提高操作效率并减少设备投资； 第五、 通过改进磨粒滚筒的结构 ， 达到避免物料烘干磨粒吋出现碎裂， 保证烘干磨粒均匀、 不发生粘结的目的 问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0007] 本发明的技术方案如下：
[0008] 肥料生产系统， 包括造粒机、 破碎机和位于破碎机的出料口下方的输送带， 在 输送带下方设置有螺旋搅拌送料机， 还包括提升机和磨粒滚筒； 螺旋搅拌送料 机的入料口位于输送带落料端的正下方， 螺旋搅拌送料机的出料端位于所述造 粒机进料口的正上方， 提升机的入料端位于所述造粒机落料端的正下方， 提升 机的出料端通过输料管路连接磨粒滚筒的入料端；
[0009] 所述提升机包括由水平设置的底座部分、 竖直设置的上升部分和水平设置的输 出部分所组成的 z形的本体， 所述上升部分的下端与底座部分前端相接、 上端与 输出部分的后端相接， 底座部分、 上升部分和输出部分均具有内腔并且三个内 腔依次相通构成本体的 Z形内腔， 所述 Z形内腔中设置有传动链条， 所述传动链 条为两条并分别设置于 Z形内腔的左右两侧； 两条传动链条之间安装有若干依次 排列的料斗， 所述料斗的左右两端分别与左右两侧的传动链条转动连接且该转 动连接处位于料斗空载重心及负载重心的上方； 所述 z形内腔中还设置有与传动 链条相配合以使传动链条沿 Z形内腔 Z形走向布置的转向链轮以及与传动链条相 配合以驱动传动链条运动的驱动链轮； 所述底座部分后端的顶部幵设有进料口 ， 所述输出部分前端的底部幵设有出料口； 所述料斗幵口端后边缘处连接有位 于幵口端外侧且用于与相邻后方的料斗幵口端前边缘相接触的挡边； 所述驱动 链轮设置于出料口的上方； 所述底座部分具有用于限制料斗翻转的底板； 所述 输出部分的底部设置有用于限制料斗翻转的托盘；
[0010] 所述托盘上还设置有顶端朝向后方倾斜的通气孔， 所述托盘底部还设置有吹风 方向朝上的风扇； [0011] 所述造粒机， 包括具有造粒腔的壳体， 所述壳体顶部安装有入料装置、 底部幵 设有出料端， 所述入料装置为收缩口朝下并与造粒腔相通的漏斗， 所述造粒腔 内水平安装有相互平行的第一压辊、 第二压辊、 第一整形狼牙棒和第二整形狼 牙棒；
[0012] 所述第一压辊和第二压辊高度相同且各自均包括辊轴和套装在辊轴外表面上的 辊套； 所述辊轴的前端和后端分别与壳体的前壁和后壁转动连接； 所述第一压 辊的辊套和第二压辊的辊套之间留有辊压间隙， 所述辊压间隙位于入料装置收 缩口的正下方；
[0013] 所述第一整形狼牙棒和第二整形狼牙棒高度相同且分别具有根部与整形狼牙棒 棒体表面相固定的若干根击打柱； 各整形狼牙棒棒体的前端和后端分别与壳体 的前壁和后壁转动连接； 第一整形狼牙棒转动轴线至第一整形狼牙棒击打柱外 端的距离与第二整形狼牙棒转动轴线至第二整形狼牙棒击打柱外端的距离之和 大于第一整形狼牙棒转动轴线与第二整形狼牙棒转动轴线之间的距离且两根整 形狼牙棒上的击打柱互不干涉；
[0014] 所述辊压间隙位于第一整形狼牙棒与第二整形狼牙棒中间位置的正上方， 所述 出料端位于第一整形狼牙棒与第二整形狼牙棒中间位置的正下方；
[0015] 所述入料装置内还水平设置有位于所述收缩口上方的搅拌辊， 所述搅拌辊上设 置若干搅拌齿， 所述搅拌辊的前后两端分别与漏斗的前壁和后壁转动连接；
[0016] 所述辊轴芯部具有前后贯通的通风孔， 所述通风孔一端连接有温控装置、 另一 端连接有风机；
[0017] 所述击打柱通过螺纹连接方式固定在整形狼牙棒棒体上；
[0018] 所述辊套的外圆柱面上具有若干大小相同的模腔穴窝， 所述模腔穴窝截面形状 为正六边形， 所述模腔穴窝密铺于辊套的外圆柱面上， 且相邻的模腔穴窝之间 留有间隔。
[0019] 作为对上述肥料生产系统的进一步改进： 所述的破碎机包括机架和安装在机架 上的机壳， 其中机壳上端一侧设置有加料口， 下端设置有出料口； 所述机壳包 括前壁板和后壁板， 互相平行设置并且高度一致的第一破碎辊和第二破碎辊的 辊轴前后端分别通过轴承机构安装在所述前壁板和后壁板上； 所述的破碎机还 包括安装在机架上的减速机， 减速机的动力输出端通过第一传动机构与第一破 碎辊的辊轴后方伸出端相连接； 第一破碎辊的辊轴后方伸出端还连接有位于所 述后壁板外侧的联动传动机构， 该联动传动机构还与第二破碎辊的辊轴后方伸 出端相连接； 所述的破碎机还包括设置在第一破碎辊和第二破碎辊中间位置正 下方并与第一破碎辊和第二破碎辊相平行的调节辊， 该调节辊的辊轴通过前后 各一个轴承座安装在所述前壁板和后壁板上； 调节辊的辊轴前方伸出端通过第 二传动机构与第一破碎辊或第二破碎辊的辊轴前方伸出端相连接。
[0020] 作为对上述肥料生产系统的进一步改进： 所述前壁板和后壁板上分别幵设有上 下走向的导向槽， 所述导向槽中安装有走向与导向槽走向一致的丝杠， 所述丝 杠上安装有丝母； 用于支撑调节辊的辊轴的前后各一个轴承座分别与所述前壁 板和后壁板上的丝母相连接。
[0021] 作为对上述肥料生产系统的进一步改进： 所述磨粒滚筒包括底座、 安装在底座 上的支架一和支架二、 以及安装在支架一和支架二上且可相对于支架一和支架 二旋转的滚筒组件， 所述底座上还安装有与滚筒组件相连接以驱动滚筒组件旋 转的驱动装置以及与滚筒组件相连接并为滚筒组件加热的加热装置， 所述滚筒 组件左端设有入口、 右端设有出口， 所述滚筒组件的轴线相对于水平面倾斜设 置且入口高于出口， 所述滚筒组件由从入口端至出口端依次设置的导料筒、 预 烘干磨粒筒、 翻扬烘干磨粒筒和平滑筒连接而成；
[0022] 所述预烘干磨粒筒内壁上设置有与预烘干磨粒筒轴线相平行的预热扬翻棱； [0023] 所述翻扬烘干磨粒筒内壁上设置有与翻扬烘干磨粒筒轴线相平行的扬板； [0024] 所述导料筒的出料口与预烘干磨粒筒的入料口相通， 所述预烘干磨粒筒的出料 口与翻扬烘干磨粒筒的入料口相通， 所述翻扬烘干磨粒筒的出料口与平滑筒的 入料口相通。
[0025] 作为对上述肥料生产系统的进一步改进： 所述扬板由外边缘固定在翻扬烘干磨 粒筒内壁上的基板和外边缘与基板内边缘相连接的翼板所组成；
[0026] 所述翼板与基板之间的夹角为 90°或 135°或 180°;
[0027] 所述翼板内边缘具有锯齿；
[0028] 所述预烘干磨粒筒与翻扬烘干磨粒筒通过阻隔装置相连接， 所述阻隔装置具有 环形的基体， 所述基体一侧与预烘干磨粒筒相连接、 另一侧与翻扬烘干磨粒筒 相连接， 所述基体上设置有若干可相对于基体沿基体的径向移动的隔板， 所述 若干隔板呈圆周分布；
[0029] 所述隔板内边缘上设置有锯齿。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0030] 本发明的积极效果在于：
[0031] 第一、 作为新设计的制颗粒肥料辊套， 其具有以下积极效果： 对于 1吨原料， 使用模腔穴窝为半球状的辊套进行挤压可产出 550千克的颗粒状挤出物， 而使用 本发明中的辊套可产出 700千克颗粒状挤出物， 大大提高了成粒率， 同吋使用本 发明辊套的造粒吋间相对于半球状辊套缩短了 12%， 提高了造粒效率。
[0032] 第二、 作为新设计的造粒机， 其具有以下积极效果： （1) 本造粒机采用了模 腔穴窝截面形状为正六边形的辊套， 提高了成粒率和造粒效率； （2) 造粒机中 整形狼牙棒上的击打柱通过螺纹连接方式安装在整形狼牙棒棒体上， 击打柱受 损后可单独更换， 而无需换掉整个整形狼牙棒； （3) 造粒机中入料装置内还设 置有位于收缩口上方的搅拌辊， 可以使原料更加均匀地进入对辊， 避免挤压吋 出现断料； （4) 造粒机的辊轴上幵设有通风孔， 通风孔一端连接有温控装置、 另一端连接有风机， 从而能够根据造粒生产的温度需要将适宜温度的风弓 I入辊 轴芯部以调整对辊的温度， 保证颗粒肥料的湿度符合生产要求。
[0033] 第三、 本发明提升机料斗的左右两端分别与左右两侧的传动链条转动连接且该 转动连接处位于料斗空载重心及负载重心的上方， 保证料斗由进料口向出料口 运动吋， 料斗保持幵口向上， 不易受扰动影响而发生偏转， 保证物料的正常上 下料； 料斗运动至输出部分底部、 上升部分前侧以及底座部分底部吋， 分别由 托盘、 挡边以及底板保证料斗的方向， 避免因扰动发生偏转， 确保料斗运动至 进料口吋的幵口方向向上； 敲斗杆能够保证料斗完全下料， 提高提升机的利用 率； 托盘上倾斜设置的通气孔一方面可以辅助料斗中的水份挥发， 避免水份积 攒导致物料粘附在料斗上， 进一步提升提升机的利用率， 另一方面斜向吹风能 使料斗具有顺吋针旋转的运动趋势， 使挡边紧贴托盘， 避免料斗受扰动而随意 翻转。
[0034] 第四、 本发明破碎机经过第一破碎辊和第二破碎辊之间的块状物料受挤压以及 击打作用破碎， 达到破碎细度的物料经调节辊与第一破碎辊和第二破碎辊之间 的间隙落下， 并经出料口排出， 未达到破碎细度的物料在调节辊的驱动下返回 到第一破碎辊和第二破碎辊之间重复破碎。 在破碎腔室内对大颗粒物料反复破 碎， 一次性出料达到细度要求， 提高了操作效率并减少了设备投资。 另外， 用 于支撑调节辊的辊轴的两个轴承座可升降， 用以调节述调节辊的高度位置， 从 而调整破碎机出料颗粒的大小。 基于这种设计， 可通过调整调节辊的高度满足 不同破碎细度的要求。 本发明破碎机具有设置在第一破碎辊和第二破碎辊正下 方以及出料口正上方的调节辊， 该调节辊具备三个功能， 第一、 转动状态下驱 动大颗粒物料向上运动返回到挤压破碎腔室中； 第二、 它与第一破碎辊和第二 破碎辊构成左右两条落料缝隙， 只有满足细度要求的粉碎细料才能通过所述缝 隙； 第三、 它与第一破碎辊和第二破碎辊构成挤压破碎三辊机构， 三者协同实 施物料挤压和击打。
[0035] 第五、 本发明磨粒滚筒具有如下积极效果： （1) 本磨粒滚筒在翻扬烘干磨粒 筒之前设置有预烘干磨粒筒， 能够避免快速烘干导致的烘干不均匀和物料粘结 ， 所述预烘干磨粒筒内壁上设置有预热扬翻棱， 物料在预热扬翻棱的作用下只 发生小幅度的翻动， 避免了翻动过大造成碎裂， 并且经过预烘干磨粒筒的烘干 后， 物料具有了一定的硬度， 能够避免进入翻扬烘干磨粒筒后由于大幅度翻动 出现碎裂； （2) 本磨粒滚筒具有设置在预烘干磨粒筒与翻扬烘干磨粒筒相连接 处的阻隔装置， 通过调整隔板可以调整进入翻扬烘干磨粒筒的物料数量， 保证 物料在预烘干磨粒筒中停留的吋间， 确保物料进入翻扬烘干磨粒筒吋已经具有 一定的硬度， 并且， 隔板的内边缘上设置有锯齿， 可以对物料进行有效的分散 和疏流， 使得烘干更加均匀、 不发生粘结， 提升烘干和磨粒效果； （3) 翻扬烘 干磨粒筒内扬板的翼板相对于基板具有多种不同的倾斜角度， 可以对物料进行 充分的翻动、 混合， 提高烘干效果， 且翼板内边缘具有锯齿， 能够对物料进行 有效的分散和疏流， 进一步使得翻动和烘干更加均匀， 进一步提升翻扬烘干磨 粒筒的烘干效果和磨粒。 对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0036] 图 1是本发明制颗粒肥料辊套的结构形状示意图。
[0037] 图 2是本发明造粒机的结构示意图。
[0038] 图 3是本发明肥料生产系统的结构示意图。
[0039] 图 4是本发明提升机的结构示意图。
[0040] 图 5是本发明破碎机的整体外形及破碎辊位置示意图。
[0041] 图 6是本发明破碎机的内部结构示意图。
[0042] 图 7是本发明磨粒滚筒的结构示意图。
[0043] 图 8是本发明磨粒滚筒预烘干磨粒筒的截面结构示意图。
[0044] 图 9是本发明磨粒滚筒阻隔装置的结构示意图。
[0045] 图 10是本发明磨粒滚筒翻扬烘干磨粒筒的截面结构示意图。
本发明的实施方式
[0046] 下面结合附图和实施例进一步说明本发明。
[0047] 如图 3、 图 4和图 5， 本发明肥料生产系统包括破碎机 1和位于破碎机 1的出料口 1 -6下方的输送带 2， 在输送带 2下方设置有螺旋搅拌送料机 3， 该螺旋搅拌送料机 3 的作用是对不同破碎机 1破碎的物料实施均匀混合， 并输送到后续的造粒机 4中
[0048] 本实施例还包括造粒机 4、 提升机 5和磨粒滚筒 6。 螺旋搅拌送料机 3的入料口位 于输送带 2落料端的正下方， 螺旋搅拌送料机 3的出料端位于造粒机 4进料口的正 上方。 提升机 5的进料口 5-5位于造粒机 4落料端的正下方， 提升机 5的出料口 5-6 通过输料管路连接磨粒滚筒 6的入料端， 磨粒滚筒 6的出料端连接有计量包装机
[0049] 如图 4， 本实施例的提升机 5包括由水平设置的底座部分、 竖直设置的上升部分 和水平设置的输出部分所组成的 Z形的本体 5-1， 所述上升部分的下端与底座部分 前端相接、 上端与输出部分的后端相接， 底座部分、 上升部分和输出部分均具 有内腔并且三个内腔依次相通构成本体 5-1的 Z形内腔， 所述 Z形内腔中设置有传 动链条， 所述传动链条为两条并分别设置于 z形内腔的左右两侧。
[0050] 两条传动链条之间安装有若干依次排列的料斗 5-2， 所述料斗 5-2的左右两端分 别与左右两侧的传动链条转动连接且该转动连接处位于料斗 5-2空载重心及负载 重心的上方。
[0051] 所述 Z形内腔中还设置有与传动链条相配合以使传动链条沿 Z形内腔 Z形走向布 置的转向链轮 5-3以及与传动链条相配合以驱动传动链条运动的驱动链轮 5-4。
[0052] 所述底座部分后端的顶部幵设有进料口 5-5， 所述输出部分前端的底部幵设有 出料口 5-6。
[0053] 所述料斗 5-2幵口端后边缘处连接有位于幵口端外侧且用于与相邻后方的料斗 5- 2幵口端前边缘相接触的挡边； 本自然段所述的前、 后方向是指沿传动链条运动 方向的前、 后。
[0054] 所述驱动链轮 5-4设置于出料口 5-6的上方， 所述驱动链轮 5-4上设置有敲斗杆 5-
7。
[0055] 所述底座部分具有用于限制料斗 5-2翻转的底板； 所述输出部分的底部设置有 用于限制料斗 5-2翻转的托盘 5-8。
[0056] 所述托盘 5-8上还设置有顶端朝向后方倾斜的通气孔， 所述托盘 5-8底部还设置 有吹风方向朝上的风扇 5-9。
[0057] 物料提升吋， 物料由进料口 5-5落入料斗 5-2中， 料斗 5-2经过上升部分到达输出 部分， 在此阶段料斗 5-2在物料重力和自重的作用下始终保持幵口向上， 到达驱 动链轮 5-4处后沿传动链条传动路线转向， 同吋敲斗杆 5-7敲打料斗 5-2， 使料斗 5- 2中的物料由出料口 5-6输出； 随后， 料斗 5-2在托盘 5-8的限制下保持幵口向下； 待运动到上升部分前侧吋， 料斗 5-2在自重的作用下， 各料斗 5-2的挡边始终与后 一个料斗 5-2幵口的边缘相接触， 此吋料斗 5-2受三个作用力， 即： 重力、 前一料 斗 5-2挡边对本料斗 5-2的作用力和后一料斗 5-2对本料斗 5-2挡边的作用力， 因后 两个力与重力相关， 故三者达到力平衡而使各料斗 5-2始终保持此状态直至到达 底座部分， 而后在底板的限制下保持幵口向下， 直至再次运动至进料口 5-5下方
[0058] 当料斗 5-2经过出料口 5-6之后、 到达托盘 5-8上方吋， 托盘 5-8的通气孔向各料 斗 5-2斜向吹风， 一方面可以辅助料斗 5-2中的水份挥发， 避免水份积攒导致物料 粘附在料斗 5-2上， 另一方面斜向吹风能使料斗 5-2具有顺吋针旋转的运动趋势， 使挡边紧贴托盘 5-8， 避免料斗 5-2受扰动而随意翻转。
[0059] 如图 5， 所述的破碎机包括机架 1-1和安装在机架 1-1上的机壳 1-3， 其中机壳 1-3 上端一侧设置有加料口 1-4， 下端设置有出料口 1-6。
[0060] 结合图 5和图 6， 所述机壳 1-3包括前壁板和后壁板， 互相平行设置并且高度一 致的第一破碎辊 1-2和第二破碎辊 1-5的辊轴前后端分别通过轴承机构安装在所述 前壁板和后壁板上。
[0061] 本发明破碎机的实施例还包括安装在机架 1-1上的电机 1-8和与电机 1-8相连接的 减速机 1-9。 减速机 1-9的动力输出端通过第一传动机构 1-10与第一破碎辊 1-2的辊 轴后方伸出端相连接。 第一破碎辊 1-2的辊轴后方伸出端还连接有位于所述后壁 板外侧的联动传动机构 1- 11， 该联动传动机构 1- 11还与第二破碎辊 1-5的辊轴后 方伸出端相连接。
[0062] 减速机 1-9通过第一传动机构 1-10 (比如皮带传动机构） 驱动第一破碎辊 1-2转 动， 第一破碎辊 1-2的辊轴通过联动传动机构 1-11驱动第二破碎辊 1-5同步转动。 其中联动传动机构 1-11可以是互相啮合的齿轮联动机构， 也可以是皮带联动机构
[0063] 所述第一破碎辊 1-2和第二破碎辊 1-5上分别设有根部与破碎辊表面相固定的若 干根击打柱 1-12。 每一破碎辊上的击打柱长短交错布置。
[0064] 本发明破碎机的实施例还包括设置在第一破碎辊 1-2和第二破碎辊 1-5中间位置 正下方并与第一破碎辊 1-2和第二破碎辊 1-5相平行的调节辊 1-7， 该调节辊 1-7的 辊轴通过前后各一个轴承座安装在所述前壁板和后壁板上。 调节辊 1-7的辊轴前 方伸出端通过第二传动机构 1-13与第一破碎辊 1-2或第二破碎辊 1-5的辊轴前方伸 出端相连接。
[0065] 所述"后方伸出端"和"前方伸出端"中的"伸出"指从前壁板或后壁板向外伸出。
[0066] 所述调节辊 1-7表面设置有若干个均匀布置的凸起包或者凸起柱。
[0067] 所述前壁板和后壁板上分别幵设有上下走向的导向槽， 所述导向槽中安装有走 向与导向槽走向一致的丝杠， 所述丝杠上安装有丝母。 用于支撑调节辊 1-7的辊 轴的前后各一个轴承座分别与所述前壁板和后壁板上的丝母相连接且与所述导 向槽相配合。
[0068] 转动所述丝杠， 丝母携带用于支撑调节辊 1-7的辊轴的两个轴承座升降， 用以 调节述调节辊 1-7的高度位置， 从而调整破碎机出料颗粒的大小。
[0069] 第二传动机构 1-13优选皮带传动机构， 并且在该机构中设置皮带张紧轮。 当调 节辊 1-7的高度发生变化吋依靠张紧轮保持皮带合适的张紧度。
[0070] 经过第一破碎辊 1-2和第二破碎辊 1-5之间的块状物料受挤压以及击打作用破碎 ， 达到破碎细度的物料经调节辊 1-7与第一破碎辊 1-2和第二破碎辊 1-5之间的间 隙落下， 并经出料口 1-6排出， 未达到破碎细度的物料在调节辊 1-7的驱动下返回 到第一破碎辊 1-2和第二破碎辊 1-5之间重复破碎。
[0071] 如图 7， 本发明的磨粒滚筒包括底座 6-1、 安装在底座 6-1上的支架一 6-2和支架 二 6-3、 以及安装在支架一 6-2和支架二 6-3上且可相对于支架一 6-2和支架二 6-3旋 转的滚筒组件， 所述底座 6-1上还安装有与滚筒组件相连接以驱动滚筒组件旋转 的驱动装置 6-4以及与滚筒组件相连接并为滚筒组件加热的加热装置， 所述滚筒 组件左端设有入口、 右端设有出口， 所述滚筒组件的轴线相对于水平面倾斜设 置且入口高于出口， 倾斜角度为 2〜5°；
[0072] 所述滚筒组件由从入口端至出口端依次设置轴线互相重合 （即均与所述滚筒组 件的轴线重合） 的导料筒 6-5-1、 预烘干磨粒筒 6-5-2、 翻扬烘干磨粒筒 6-5-3和平 滑筒 6-5-4连接而成。
[0073] 如图 7和 8， 所述预烘干磨粒筒 6-5-2内壁上设置有若干角铁， 所述角铁幵口朝向 预烘干磨粒筒 6-5-2内壁， 角铁的两端使用焊接钢板的方式进行封堵， 从而形成 走向与滚筒组件的轴线相平行的预热扬翻棱 6-5-2- 1。
[0074] 如图 7和 10， 所述翻扬烘干磨粒筒 6-5-3内壁上设置有与所述滚筒组件的轴线相 平行的扬板 6-5-3-1， 所述扬板 6-5-3-1由外边缘 （即根部） 固定在翻扬烘干磨粒 筒 6-5-3内壁上且所在平面通过所述滚筒组件的轴线的基板和外边缘与基板内边 缘相连接的翼板所组成， 所述翼板与基板之间的夹角为 90。或 135。或 180。， 该三 种角度的扬板 6-5-3-1交错分布； 所述翼板内边缘具有锯齿。
[0075] 如图 7和 9， 所述预烘干磨粒筒 6-5-2与翻扬烘干磨粒筒 6-5-3通过阻隔装置相连 接， 所述阻隔装置具有环形的基体 6-5-5-1， 所述基体 6-5-5-1—侧与预烘干磨粒 筒 6-5-2相连接、 另一侧与翻扬烘干磨粒筒 6-5-3相连接； 所述基体 6-5-5-1上设置 有若干隔板 6-5-5-2， 所述隔板 6-5-5-2上设有长槽， 所述隔板 6-5-5-2通过穿过长 槽的螺钉固定在基体 6-5-5-1上， 松幵螺钉吋隔板 6-5-5-2可相对于基体 6-5-5-1沿 基体 6-5-5-1的径向移动， 所述若干隔板 6-5-5-2呈圆周分布， 所述隔板 6-5-5-2内 边缘上设置有锯齿。
[0076] 如图 7和 8， 所述导料筒 6-5-1的出料口与预烘干磨粒筒 6-5-2的入料口相通， 所 述预烘干磨粒筒 6-5-2的出料口与翻扬烘干磨粒筒 6-5-3的入料口相通， 所述翻扬 烘干磨粒筒 6-5-3的出料口与平滑筒 6-5-4的入料口相通。
[0077] 如图 7至 10， 烘干磨粒吋， 驱动装置 6-4驱动滚筒组件旋转， 同吋加热装置对滚 筒组件进行加热， 物料经导料筒 6-5-1进入预烘干磨粒筒 6-5-2中进行预烘干， 预 烘干磨粒筒 6-5-2具有独立的温控装置以保证预烘干磨粒筒 6-5-2的温度低于翻扬 烘干磨粒筒 6-5-3的温度， 避免快速烘干导致的烘干不均匀和物料粘结； 在预烘 干磨粒筒 6-5-2中， 物料在预热扬翻棱 6-5-2-1的作用下只发生小幅度的翻动， 避 免了翻动过大造成碎裂， 并且经过预烘干磨粒筒 6-5-2的烘干后， 物料具有了一 定的硬度， 能够避免进入翻扬烘干磨粒筒 6-5-3后由于大幅度翻动出现碎裂；
[0078] 通过调整阻隔装置的隔板 6-5-5-2的向内伸出长度可以调整由预烘干磨粒筒 6-5-2 进入翻扬烘干磨粒筒 6-5-3的物料数量， 保证物料在预烘干磨粒筒 6-5-2中停留的 吋间， 确保物料进入翻扬烘干磨粒筒 6-5-3吋已经具有一定的硬度， 并且， 隔板 6 -5-5-2的内边缘上设置有锯齿， 可以对物料进行有效的分散和疏流， 使得烘干更 加均匀、 不发生粘结， 提升烘干效果和磨粒效果；
[0079] 物料进入翻扬烘干磨粒筒 6-5-3后， 扬板 6-5-3-1对物料进行充分的翻动、 混合， 烘干磨粒效果好， 且翼板内边缘具有锯齿， 能够对物料进行有效的分散和疏流 ， 进一步使得翻动和烘干更加均匀， 提升翻扬烘干磨粒筒 6-5-3的烘干效果和磨 粒效果；
[0080] 经过烘干和磨粒后的物料经由平滑筒 6-5-4排出。
[0081] 如图 2， 所述的造粒机包括架体和安装在架体上的壳体， 所述壳体内具有造粒 腔， 所述壳体顶部安装有入料装置、 底部幵设有出料端， 所述入料装置为收缩 口朝下并与造粒腔相通的漏斗 4-1， 所述造粒腔内水平安装有相互平行的第一压 辊 4-2、 第二压辊 4-3、 第一整形狼牙棒 4-4和第二整形狼牙棒 4-5 ;
[0082] 所述入料装置内还水平设置有位于所述收缩口上方的搅拌辊 4-6， 所述搅拌辊 4- 6上设置若干搅拌齿， 所述搅拌辊 4-6的前后两端分别与漏斗 4-1的前壁和后壁转 动连接；
[0083] 所述第一压辊 4-2和第二压辊 4-3高度相同且各自均包括辊轴和套装在辊轴外表 面上的制颗粒肥料辊套； 所述辊轴的前端和后端分别与壳体的前壁和后壁转动 连接； 所述第一压辊 4-2的辊套和第二压辊 4-3的辊套之间留有辊压间隙， 所述辊 压间隙位于入料装置收缩口的正下方；
[0084] 所述辊轴芯部具有前后贯通的通风孔， 所述通风孔一端连接有温控装置、 另一 端连接有风机， 从而能够根据造粒生产的温度需要将适宜温度的风弓 I入辊轴芯 部以调整对辊的温度， 保证颗粒肥料的湿度符合生产要求；
[0085] 所述第一整形狼牙棒 4-4和第二整形狼牙棒 4-5高度相同且分别具有根部与整形 狼牙棒棒体表面相固定的若干根击打柱； 各整形狼牙棒棒体的前端和后端分别 与壳体的前壁和后壁转动连接； 第一整形狼牙棒 4-4转动轴线至第一整形狼牙棒 4 -4击打柱外端的距离与第二整形狼牙棒 4-5转动轴线至第二整形狼牙棒 4-5击打柱 外端的距离之和大于第一整形狼牙棒 4-4转动轴线与第二整形狼牙棒 4-5转动轴线 之间的距离且两根整形狼牙棒上的击打柱互不干涉；
[0086] 所述击打柱通过螺纹连接方式固定在整形狼牙棒棒体上； 击打柱受损后可单独 更换， 而无需换掉整个整形狼牙棒；
[0087] 所述辊压间隙位于第一整形狼牙棒 4-4与第二整形狼牙棒 4-5中间位置的正上方 ， 所述出料端位于第一整形狼牙棒 4-4与第二整形狼牙棒 4-5中间位置的正下方。
[0088] 本造粒机还包括安装在架体上的第一电机和第二电机， 第一电机通过皮带或其 它传动机构驱动第一压辊 4-2旋转， 第二电机通过皮带或其它传动机构驱动第二 压辊 4-3旋转； 并且， 第一压辊 4-2还通过皮带或其它传动机构与搅拌辊 4-6相连 接以驱动搅拌辊 4-6旋转， 第二压辊 4-3通过皮带或其它传动机构与第二整形狼牙 棒 4-5相连接以驱动第二整形狼牙棒 4-5旋转， 第一压辊 4-2通过皮带或其它传动 机构与第一整形狼牙棒 4-4相连接以驱动第一整形狼牙棒 4-4旋转。 [0089] 造粒机装配吋， 通过调整第一压辊 4-2和第二压辊 4-3的相对安装位置， 保证两 个辊套之间的模腔穴窝相互对应。
[0090] 造粒机工作吋， 原料从漏斗 4-1进入， 经过搅拌辊 4-6的均匀搅拌后到达对辊之 间， 两个模腔穴窝之间的原料被挤压成正六棱柱状， 模腔穴窝之间间隔处的原 料被挤压成薄片状， 六棱柱状的挤出物通过薄片状部分连成片状脱离对辊落入 第一整形狼牙棒 4-4与第二整形狼牙棒 4-5中间处被敲击成颗粒状粗加工物料， 然 后从出料端输出。
[0091] 如图 1， 所述的制颗粒肥料辊套外圆柱面上具有若干大小相同的模腔穴窝， 所 述模腔穴窝截面形状为正六边形， 所述模腔穴窝密铺于辊套的外圆柱面上， 且 相邻的模腔穴窝之间留有间隔。
[0092] 所述密铺是一几何术语， 是指： 用形状、 大小完全相同的几种或几十种平面图 形进行拼接， 彼此之间不留空隙、 不重叠地铺成一片， 这就是平面图形的密铺 ， 又称做平面图形的镶嵌。 所述的 "不留空隙"是指图形相邻处的形状相吻合， 从 而可以不留下较大面积的突兀的空隙。 本辊套中所述的"相邻的模腔穴窝之间留 有间隔"是指在形状吻合的情况下相互间留有一定间隔， 以将模腔穴窝相互间区 分幵来， 与"不留空隙"种的"空隙"含义不同， 二者并不矛盾。
[0093] 以下以复合肥挤压造粒生产设备系统为例简要说明生产过程：
[0094] 将尿素、 磷酸一铵和氯化钾原料分别经过一台破碎机 1破碎， 并控制三台破碎 机 1的落料速度， 以保证所述三种原料的配比， 特定质量比例的三种破碎后原料 经输送带 2和螺旋搅拌送料机 3输送到造粒机 4中进行辊压造粒， 然后经提升机 5 提升到磨粒滚筒 6中进行整形， 将肥料颗粒整形为圆球状、 类似圆球状、 柱状或 者类似柱状的完整、 规则颗粒。 最后通过计量包装机进行包装。

Claims

权利要求书
[权利要求 1] 肥料生产系统， 其特征在于： 包括造粒机、 破碎机 （1) 和位于破碎 机 （1) 的出料口 （1-6) 下方的输送带 （2) ， 在输送带 （2) 下方设 置有螺旋搅拌送料机 （3) ， 还包括提升机 （5) 和磨粒滚筒 （6) ； 螺旋搅拌送料机 （3) 的入料口位于输送带 （2) 落料端的正下方， 螺 旋搅拌送料机 （3) 的出料端位于所述造粒机进料口的正上方， 提升 机 （5) 的入料端位于所述造粒机落料端的正下方， 提升机 （5) 的出 料端通过输料管路连接磨粒滚筒 （6) 的入料端； 所述提升机 （5) 包括由水平设置的底座部分、 竖直设置的上升部分 和水平设置的输出部分所组成的 Z形的本体 （5-1) ， 所述上升部分的 下端与底座部分前端相接、 上端与输出部分的后端相接， 底座部分、 上升部分和输出部分均具有内腔并且三个内腔依次相通构成本体 （5- 1) 的 z形内腔， 所述 Z形内腔中设置有传动链条， 所述传动链条为两 条并分别设置于 Z形内腔的左右两侧； 两条传动链条之间安装有若干 依次排列的料斗 （5-2) ， 所述料斗 （5-2) 的左右两端分别与左右两 侧的传动链条转动连接且该转动连接处位于料斗 （5-2) 空载重心及 负载重心的上方； 所述 Z形内腔中还设置有与传动链条相配合以使传 动链条沿 Z形内腔 Z形走向布置的转向链轮 （5-3) 以及与传动链条相 配合以驱动传动链条运动的驱动链轮 （5-4) ； 所述底座部分后端的 顶部幵设有进料口 （5-5) ， 所述输出部分前端的底部幵设有出料口 (5-6) ； 所述料斗 （5-2) 幵口端后边缘处连接有位于幵口端外侧且 用于与相邻后方的料斗 （5-2) 幵口端前边缘相接触的挡边； 所述驱 动链轮 （5-4) 设置于出料口 （5-6) 的上方； 所述底座部分具有用于 限制料斗 （5-2) 翻转的底板； 所述输出部分的底部设置有用于限制 料斗 （5-2) 翻转的托盘 （5-8) ；
所述托盘 （5-8) 上还设置有顶端朝向后方倾斜的通气孔， 所述托盘
(5-8) 底部还设置有吹风方向朝上的风扇 （5-9) ；
所述造粒机， 包括具有造粒腔的壳体， 所述壳体顶部安装有入料装置 、 底部幵设有出料端， 所述入料装置为收缩口朝下并与造粒腔相通的 漏斗 （4-1) ， 所述造粒腔内水平安装有相互平行的第一压辊 （4-2) 、 第二压辊 （4-3) 、 第一整形狼牙棒 （4-4) 和第二整形狼牙棒 （4-5 所述第一压辊 （4-2) 和第二压辊 （4-3) 高度相同且各自均包括辊轴 和套装在辊轴外表面上的辊套； 所述辊轴的前端和后端分别与壳体的 前壁和后壁转动连接； 所述第一压辊 （4-2) 的辊套和第二压辊 （4-3 ) 的辊套之间留有辊压间隙， 所述辊压间隙位于入料装置收缩口的正 下方；
所述第一整形狼牙棒 （4-4) 和第二整形狼牙棒 （4-5) 高度相同且分 别具有根部与整形狼牙棒棒体表面相固定的若干根击打柱； 各整形狼 牙棒棒体的前端和后端分别与壳体的前壁和后壁转动连接； 第一整形 狼牙棒 （4-4) 转动轴线至第一整形狼牙棒 （4-4) 击打柱外端的距离 与第二整形狼牙棒 （4-5) 转动轴线至第二整形狼牙棒 （4-5) 击打柱 外端的距离之和大于第一整形狼牙棒 （4-4) 转动轴线与第二整形狼 牙棒 （4-5) 转动轴线之间的距离且两根整形狼牙棒上的击打柱互不 干涉；
所述辊压间隙位于第一整形狼牙棒 （4-4) 与第二整形狼牙棒 （4-5) 中间位置的正上方， 所述出料端位于第一整形狼牙棒 （4-4) 与第二 整形狼牙棒 （4-5) 中间位置的正下方；
所述入料装置内还水平设置有位于所述收缩口上方的搅拌辊 （4-6) ， 所述搅拌辊 （4-6) 上设置若干搅拌齿， 所述搅拌辊 （4-6) 的前后 两端分别与漏斗 （4-1) 的前壁和后壁转动连接；
所述辊轴芯部具有前后贯通的通风孔， 所述通风孔一端连接有温控装 置、 另一端连接有风机；
所述击打柱通过螺纹连接方式固定在整形狼牙棒棒体上；
所述辊套的外圆柱面上具有若干大小相同的模腔穴窝， 所述模腔穴窝 截面形状为正六边形， 所述模腔穴窝密铺于辊套的外圆柱面上， 且相 邻的模腔穴窝之间留有间隔。
[权利要求 2] 如权利要求 1所述的肥料生产系统， 其特征在于： 所述的破碎机 （1 包括机架 （1-1) 和安装在机架 （1-1) 上的机壳 （1-3) ， 其中机壳 （ 1-3) 上端一侧设置有加料口 （1-4) ， 下端设置有出料口 （1-6) ； 所 述机壳 （1-3) 包括前壁板和后壁板， 互相平行设置并且高度一致的 第一破碎辊 （1-2) 和第二破碎辊 （1-5) 的辊轴前后端分别通过轴承 机构安装在所述前壁板和后壁板上； 所述的破碎机还包括安装在机架 (1-1) 上的减速机 （1-9) ， 减速机 （1-9) 的动力输出端通过第一传 动机构 （1-10) 与第一破碎辊 （1-2) 的辊轴后方伸出端相连接； 第 一破碎辊 （1-2) 的辊轴后方伸出端还连接有位于所述后壁板外侧的 联动传动机构 （1-11) ， 该联动传动机构 （1-11) 还与第二破碎辊 ( 1-5) 的辊轴后方伸出端相连接； 所述的破碎机还包括设置在第一破 碎辊 （1-2) 和第二破碎辊 （1-5) 中间位置正下方并与第一破碎辊 ( 1-2) 和第二破碎辊 （1-5) 相平行的调节辊 （1-7) ， 该调节辊 （1-7 ) 的辊轴通过前后各一个轴承座安装在所述前壁板和后壁板上； 调节 辊 （1-7) 的辊轴前方伸出端通过第二传动机构 （1-13) 与第一破碎 辊 （1-2) 或第二破碎辊 （1-5) 的辊轴前方伸出端相连接。
[权利要求 3] 如权利要求 2所述的肥料生产系统， 其特征在于： 所述前壁板和后壁 板上分别幵设有上下走向的导向槽， 所述导向槽中安装有走向与导向 槽走向一致的丝杠， 所述丝杠上安装有丝母； 用于支撑调节辊 （1-7 ) 的辊轴的前后各一个轴承座分别与所述前壁板和后壁板上的丝母相 连接。
[权利要求 4] 如权利要求 1所述的肥料生产系统， 其特征在于： 所述磨粒滚筒 （6 包括底座 （6-1) 、 安装在底座 （6-1) 上的支架一 （6-2) 和支架二 （ 6-3) 、 以及安装在支架一 （6-2) 和支架二 （6-3) 上且可相对于支架 一 (6-2) 和支架二 （6-3) 旋转的滚筒组件， 所述底座 （6-1) 上还安 装有与滚筒组件相连接以驱动滚筒组件旋转的驱动装置 （6-4) 以及 与滚筒组件相连接并为滚筒组件加热的加热装置， 所述滚筒组件左端 设有入口、 右端设有出口， 所述滚筒组件的轴线相对于水平面倾斜设 置且入口高于出口， 所述滚筒组件由从入口端至出口端依次设置的导 料筒 (6-5-1) 、 预烘干磨粒筒 (6-5-2) 、 翻扬烘干磨粒筒 (6-5-3) 和平滑筒 （6-5-4) 连接而成；
所述预烘干磨粒筒 （6-5-2) 内壁上设置有与预烘干磨粒筒 （6-5-2) 轴线相平行的预热扬翻棱 （6-5-2-1) ；
所述翻扬烘干磨粒筒 （6-5-3) 内壁上设置有与翻扬烘干磨粒筒 （6-5- 3) 轴线相平行的扬板 （6-5-3-1) ；
所述导料筒 （6-5-1) 的出料口与预烘干磨粒筒 （6-5-2) 的入料口相 通， 所述预烘干磨粒筒 （6-5-2) 的出料口与翻扬烘干磨粒筒 （6-5-3 ) 的入料口相通， 所述翻扬烘干磨粒筒 （6-5-3) 的出料口与平滑筒 (6-5-4) 的入料口相通。
[权利要求 5] 如权利要求 4所述的肥料生产系统， 其特征在于： 所述扬板 （6-5-3-1
) 由外边缘固定在翻扬烘干磨粒筒 （6-5-3) 内壁上的基板和外边缘 与基板内边缘相连接的翼板所组成；
所述翼板与基板之间的夹角为 90°或 135°或 180° ;
所述翼板内边缘具有锯齿；
所述预烘干磨粒筒 （6-5-2) 与翻扬烘干磨粒筒 （6-5-3) 通过阻隔装 置相连接， 所述阻隔装置具有环形的基体 （6-5-5-1) ， 所述基体 （6- 5-5-1) 一侧与预烘干磨粒筒 （6-5-2) 相连接、 另一侧与翻扬烘干磨 粒筒 （6-5-3) 相连接， 所述基体 （6-5-5-1) 上设置有若干可相对于 基体 (6-5-5-1) 沿基体 (6-5-5-1) 的径向移动的隔板 （6-5-5-2) ， 所 述若干隔板 （6-5-5-2) 呈圆周分布；
所述隔板 （6-5-5-2) 内边缘上设置有锯齿。
PCT/CN2017/101596 2016-09-20 2017-09-13 肥料生产系统 WO2018054258A1 (zh)

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