WO2018051416A1 - 半導体装置およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
半導体装置およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018051416A1 WO2018051416A1 PCT/JP2016/076989 JP2016076989W WO2018051416A1 WO 2018051416 A1 WO2018051416 A1 WO 2018051416A1 JP 2016076989 W JP2016076989 W JP 2016076989W WO 2018051416 A1 WO2018051416 A1 WO 2018051416A1
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- H01L29/66348—Vertical insulated gate bipolar transistors with a recessed gate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/70—Bipolar devices
- H01L29/72—Transistor-type devices, i.e. able to continuously respond to applied control signals
- H01L29/739—Transistor-type devices, i.e. able to continuously respond to applied control signals controlled by field-effect, e.g. bipolar static induction transistors [BSIT]
- H01L29/7393—Insulated gate bipolar mode transistors, i.e. IGBT; IGT; COMFET
- H01L29/7395—Vertical transistors, e.g. vertical IGBT
- H01L29/7396—Vertical transistors, e.g. vertical IGBT with a non planar surface, e.g. with a non planar gate or with a trench or recess or pillar in the surface of the emitter, base or collector region for improving current density or short circuiting the emitter and base regions
- H01L29/7397—Vertical transistors, e.g. vertical IGBT with a non planar surface, e.g. with a non planar gate or with a trench or recess or pillar in the surface of the emitter, base or collector region for improving current density or short circuiting the emitter and base regions and a gate structure lying on a slanted or vertical surface or formed in a groove, e.g. trench gate IGBT
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/86—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable only by variation of the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to one or more of the electrodes carrying the current to be rectified, amplified, oscillated or switched
- H01L29/861—Diodes
- H01L29/866—Zener diodes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a semiconductor device, and more particularly, to a semiconductor device having a MOS (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor) structure and provided with an overvoltage protection diode, and a method for manufacturing the same.
- MOS Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor
- MOS structure such as an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) and a MOSFET (MOS Field Effect Transistor), are known.
- an overvoltage protection diode composed of Zener diodes connected in series is used as an overvoltage protection measure.
- the overvoltage protection diode is configured as an N-type semiconductor layer and a P-type semiconductor layer that are alternately disposed adjacent to each other (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- an overvoltage protection diode is provided between the collector terminal and the gate terminal or between the gate terminal and the emitter terminal.
- the P-type semiconductor layer 50 b (and the N-type semiconductor layer) of the overvoltage protection diode is disposed on the insulating film 140 formed on the semiconductor substrate 120 and is covered with the insulating film 150. The That is, the overvoltage protection diode is sandwiched between the two insulating films 140 and 150.
- the P-type impurity concentration in the P-type semiconductor layer is lower than the N-type impurity concentration in the N-type semiconductor layer.
- the breakdown voltage (zener voltage) of the overvoltage protection diode is determined by the position of the high concentration region (concentration peak) of the P-type impurity concentration.
- the concentration of the P-type impurity is maximum in the boundary region F10 between the P-type semiconductor layer 50b and the insulating film 150. For this reason, the overvoltage protection diode breaks down (breaks down) in the boundary region F10.
- movable ions such as sodium and impurities such as boron contained in the insulating film 150 move to the P type semiconductor layer 50b, or conversely, the P type semiconductor.
- Impurities such as boron in the boundary region F10 of the layer 50b may move to the insulating film 150.
- the potential of the boundary region F10 changes, and the distribution of carrier concentration (hole concentration, etc.) in the P-type semiconductor layer 50b changes.
- the withstand voltage of the overvoltage protection diode varies greatly.
- it is difficult to control the movement of mobile ions and impurities it has been difficult to stabilize the withstand voltage of the overvoltage protection diode.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor device and a method for manufacturing the same that can suppress the withstand voltage fluctuation of the overvoltage protection diode.
- a semiconductor device includes: A conductive semiconductor substrate; A first insulating film formed on the semiconductor substrate; A Zener diode formed on the first insulating film and having an N-type semiconductor layer and a P-type semiconductor layer disposed adjacent to each other; A second insulating film covering the Zener diode,
- the concentration of the P-type impurity in the P-type semiconductor layer is lower than the concentration of the N-type impurity in the N-type semiconductor layer
- the concentration peak of the P-type impurity is a boundary region between a first boundary region that is a boundary region between the P-type semiconductor layer and the first insulating film, and a boundary region between the second insulating film of the P-type semiconductor layer. It is located in the non-boundary area between the second boundary areas.
- the concentration peak may be located in an inner 80% region of the total thickness of the P-type semiconductor layer.
- the concentration peak may be at a position 20 nm or more away from the boundary between the P-type semiconductor layer and the first insulating film and from the boundary between the P-type semiconductor layer and the second insulating film.
- An N-type impurity may be introduced into the first boundary region and / or the second boundary region in the P-type semiconductor layer.
- the P-type semiconductor layer and the N-type semiconductor layer may be made of polysilicon, and the first insulating film and / or the second insulating film may be made of a silicon oxide film.
- the P-type impurity may be boron.
- a main current flows between one main surface and the other main surface of the semiconductor substrate,
- the one main surface of the semiconductor substrate is provided with an active region through which the main current flows, and a breakdown voltage region that surrounds the active region and includes a peripheral portion of the semiconductor substrate,
- the first insulating film is formed on the breakdown voltage region,
- the Zener diode may be an overvoltage protection diode configured such that the N-type semiconductor layer and the P-type semiconductor layer are alternately arranged adjacent to each other.
- the semiconductor substrate is of a first conductivity type;
- the semiconductor device includes: A second conductivity type diffusion layer selectively formed on the one main surface of the breakdown voltage region and surrounding the active region; A diffusion region of a first conductivity type formed in the diffusion layer; An emitter electrode formed on the diffusion region; A gate electrode formed on the overvoltage protection diode; A second conductivity type collector region formed on the other main surface of the semiconductor substrate; A collector electrode formed on the collector region; May be further provided.
- the semiconductor substrate is of a first conductivity type;
- the semiconductor device includes: A second conductivity type diffusion layer selectively formed on the one main surface of the breakdown voltage region and surrounding the active region; A diffusion region of a first conductivity type formed in the diffusion layer; An emitter electrode formed on the diffusion region; A gate electrode formed on the overvoltage protection diode; A drain region of a first conductivity type formed on the other main surface of the semiconductor substrate; A collector electrode formed on the drain region and forming a Schottky barrier with the drain region; May be further provided.
- the semiconductor substrate is of a first conductivity type;
- the semiconductor device includes: A second conductivity type diffusion layer selectively formed on the one main surface of the breakdown voltage region and surrounding the active region; A diffusion region of a first conductivity type formed in the diffusion layer; A source electrode formed on the diffusion region; A gate electrode formed on the overvoltage protection diode; A drain region of a first conductivity type formed on the other main surface of the semiconductor substrate; A drain electrode formed on the drain region; May be further provided.
- a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device includes: Forming a first insulating film on the semiconductor substrate; Forming a semiconductor layer on the first insulating film; Etching the semiconductor layer; An oxide film forming step of forming an oxide film on the etched semiconductor layer; A P-type impurity introduction step for introducing a P-type impurity into the semiconductor layer through the oxide film; An N-type impurity introduction step of selectively introducing N-type impurities into the semiconductor layer; Forming a second insulating film on the semiconductor layer; With In the P-type impurity introduction step, the concentration peak of the introduced P-type impurity has a first boundary region that is a boundary region between the semiconductor layer and the first insulating film, and the second boundary of the semiconductor layer. A p-type impurity is introduced so as to be located in a non-boundary region between the second boundary region which is a boundary region with the insulating film.
- a step of introducing an N-type impurity having a concentration lower than the concentration of the P-type impurity to be introduced in the P-type impurity introduction step may be further provided.
- the step after forming the first insulating film and before forming the semiconductor layer the step of introducing an N-type impurity into the semiconductor substrate in the MOS structure forming region, the first insulating film N-type impurities are also introduced into Thereafter, the N-type impurity introduced into the first insulating film is converted into the first boundary region of the semiconductor layer by annealing for activating the N-type impurity introduced into the semiconductor substrate in the MOS structure forming region. You may make it diffuse.
- a step before forming the semiconductor layer further comprising a step of introducing an N-type impurity into the semiconductor substrate for forming a high concentration surface layer in the MOS structure formation scheduled region, N-type impurities may also be introduced into the insulating film.
- the concentration of the P-type impurity introduced in the P-type impurity introduction step at least in the portion of the semiconductor layer where the N-type impurity was not introduced in the N-type impurity introduction step is not introduced in the N-type impurity introduction step.
- a step of introducing an N-type impurity at a lower concentration may be further included.
- the P-type impurity introduction step the P-type impurity may be introduced so that the concentration peak is located in an inner 80% region of the total thickness of the semiconductor layer.
- the concentration peak is located 20 nm or more away from the boundary between the semiconductor layer and the first insulating film and from the boundary between the semiconductor layer and the second insulating film. P-type impurities may be introduced.
- the concentration peak of the P-type impurity in the P-type semiconductor layer is a boundary region between the P-type semiconductor layer and the first insulating film, and the second insulating film of the P-type semiconductor layer. Is located in a non-boundary region between the second boundary region and the second boundary region. As a result, the overvoltage protection diode becomes zener breakdown in the non-boundary region, so that the influence of the movement of the movable ions and impurities on the breakdown voltage of the overvoltage protection diode can be suppressed.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view of a semiconductor device 1 (IGBT) according to a first embodiment. It is sectional drawing which follows the II line
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of a part of the overvoltage protection diode 5.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the profile of the P-type impurity concentration in the P-type semiconductor layer 5b which concerns on embodiment. It is process sectional drawing for demonstrating the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device 1 which concerns on embodiment. It is process sectional drawing for demonstrating the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device 1 which concerns on embodiment after FIG. 6A.
- FIG. 6B is a process cross-sectional view for explaining the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device 1 according to the embodiment, which is subsequent to FIG. 6B. It is a figure which shows the profile of the impurity concentration in the P-type semiconductor layer 5b which concerns on embodiment. It is a figure which shows the profile of the impurity concentration in the P-type semiconductor layer 5b which concerns on embodiment. It is sectional drawing of 1 A of semiconductor devices (IGBT) which concerns on the modification of 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the semiconductor device 1B (vertical MOSFET) which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the profile of the P type impurity density
- IGBT semiconductor devices
- FIGS. 1 A semiconductor device 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
- the insulating film 15, the surface protective film 16, the emitter electrode 21, the gate electrode 22, and the stopper electrode 24 are not shown.
- the semiconductor device 1 is an IGBT having a MOS structure, and has a main current between an upper surface 2a (one main surface) and a lower surface 2b (the other main surface) of the conductive semiconductor substrate 2.
- the semiconductor substrate 2 is a silicon substrate in this embodiment.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and other semiconductor substrates (for example, SiC substrates, GaN substrates, etc.) may be used.
- the conductivity type of the semiconductor substrate 2 is N type in this embodiment, it is not limited to this.
- the upper surface 2a of the semiconductor substrate 2 is provided with an active region A through which a main current flows and a breakdown voltage region B surrounding the active region A.
- the breakdown voltage region B includes the peripheral edge of the semiconductor substrate 2.
- the “peripheral portion” is a peripheral portion of the semiconductor substrate 2 including the side surface of the semiconductor substrate 2.
- the semiconductor device 1 includes a P-type diffusion layer 3, an insulating film 4 (first insulating film), an insulating film 15 (second insulating film), and an overvoltage protection diode. 5, conductor portions 6, 7, 8, 9, P-type collector region 12, N-type diffusion region 13, N-type stopper region 14, surface protection film 16, emitter electrode 21, gate An electrode 22, a collector electrode 23, and a stopper electrode 24 are provided.
- a gate pad (not shown) is provided on the upper surface 2 a of the semiconductor substrate 2.
- the diffusion layer 3 is selectively formed on the upper surface 2a of the withstand voltage region B and surrounds the active region A.
- This diffusion layer 3 is also called a P-type base region.
- a region surrounded by the boundaries P1 and P2 in FIG. 1 is a P-type base region.
- the boundary P1 is a boundary of the pn junction between the diffusion layer 3 and the peripheral semiconductor region 10
- the boundary P2 is a boundary between the active region A and the breakdown voltage region B.
- the peripheral semiconductor region 10 is an N-type semiconductor region located outside the diffusion layer 3.
- the semiconductor device 1 may further include a P-type diffusion layer (guard ring) provided so as to surround the diffusion layer 3 in order to increase the breakdown voltage.
- This guard ring is selectively formed on the upper surface 2a of the breakdown voltage region B. Further, the number of guard rings is not limited to one and may be two or more.
- the impurity concentration of the diffusion layer 3 and the guard ring is, for example, 1 ⁇ 10 14 cm ⁇ 3 to 1 ⁇ 10 19 cm ⁇ 3 .
- the depth of the diffusion layer 3 and the guard ring is, for example, 2 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m.
- the impurity concentration in the peripheral semiconductor region 10 is, for example, 1 ⁇ 10 13 cm ⁇ 3 to 1 ⁇ 10 15 cm ⁇ 3 .
- the insulating film 4 is formed on the breakdown voltage region B of the semiconductor substrate 2.
- the insulating film 4 is formed on the diffusion layer 3 and the peripheral semiconductor region 10 as shown in FIG.
- the insulating film 4 is, for example, a silicon oxide film (SiO 2 film), more specifically a field oxide film.
- the thickness of the insulating film 4 is, for example, 200 nm to 2000 nm.
- the overvoltage protection diode 5 is a plurality of Zener diodes connected in series.
- the overvoltage protection diode 5 is an overvoltage protection diode provided between the collector electrode 23 and the gate electrode 22 of the semiconductor device 1.
- the configuration of the overvoltage protection diode according to the present invention may be applied to an overvoltage protection diode provided between the gate electrode 22 and the emitter electrode 21.
- the overvoltage protection diode 5 is formed on the insulating film 4 and is configured such that N-type semiconductor layers 5 a and P-type semiconductor layers 5 b are alternately arranged adjacent to each other. ing.
- the N-type semiconductor layer 5a and the P-type semiconductor layer 5b are formed on the insulating film 4 in the breakdown voltage region B.
- the overvoltage protection diode 5 is formed, for example, by forming a P-type semiconductor layer on the insulating film 4 and then introducing an N-type impurity into a predetermined region of the P-type semiconductor layer. It is formed by.
- the N-type semiconductor layer 5a and the P-type semiconductor layer 5b are made of a conductive semiconductor (polysilicon doped with impurities in this embodiment). More specifically, the N-type semiconductor layer 5a is a polysilicon layer into which an N-type impurity (phosphorus or the like) is introduced.
- the P-type semiconductor layer 5b is a polysilicon layer into which a P-type impurity (boron or the like) is introduced.
- the concentration of the P-type impurity in the P-type semiconductor layer 5b is, for example, 1 ⁇ 10 17 cm ⁇ 3 to 1 ⁇ 10 19 cm ⁇ 3 .
- the concentration of the N-type impurity in the N-type semiconductor layer 5a is, for example, 1 ⁇ 10 19 cm ⁇ 3 to 1 ⁇ 10 21 cm ⁇ 3 .
- the concentration of the P-type impurity in the P-type semiconductor layer 5b is lower than the concentration of the N-type impurity in the N-type semiconductor layer 5a.
- the thickness of the polysilicon layer is, for example, 100 nm to 1000 nm.
- the concentration peak of the P-type impurity in the P-type semiconductor layer 5b is located in the non-boundary region G.
- the non-boundary region G is a region between the boundary region F1 between the P-type semiconductor layer 5b and the insulating film 15 and the boundary region F2 between the P-type semiconductor layer 5b and the insulating film 4.
- the conductor portions 6, 7, 8, and 9 are formed on the insulating film 4 so as to surround the active region A along the withstand voltage region B, and are electrically connected to predetermined portions of the overvoltage protection diode 5. Connected. That is, the conductor portions 6, 7, 8, and 9 are electrically connected to the semiconductor layer (N-type semiconductor layer 5a or P-type semiconductor layer 5b) of the overvoltage protection diode 5 based on respective required voltages.
- the semiconductor layer to be connected is a semiconductor layer having the same conductivity type as the conductor portion. The conductor portion may be connected across two or more continuous semiconductor layers.
- the conductor portions 6, 7, 8, and 9 are made of a conductive material such as polysilicon or aluminum. As shown in FIG. 3, the conductor portions 6 and 7 are disposed above the diffusion layer 3 via the insulating film 4, and the conductor portions 8 and 9 are located above the peripheral semiconductor region 10 via the insulating film 4. Is arranged. Note that the number of conductor portions is not limited to four, and may be any number.
- the diffusion region 13 is an N-type semiconductor region formed in the diffusion layer 3 as shown in FIG.
- An emitter electrode 21 is formed on the diffusion region 13.
- the impurity concentration of the diffusion region 13 is, for example, 1 ⁇ 10 19 cm ⁇ 3 to 1 ⁇ 10 21 cm ⁇ 3 .
- the stopper region 14 is an N-type semiconductor region formed on the upper surface 2 a at the side end of the semiconductor substrate 2.
- the impurity concentration of the stopper region 14 is higher than that of the peripheral semiconductor region 10.
- the stopper electrode 24 is electrically connected to the other end (right end in FIG. 2) of the overvoltage protection diode 5.
- a stopper electrode 24 is formed on the stopper region 14.
- the impurity concentration of the stopper region 14 is, for example, 1 ⁇ 10 19 cm ⁇ 3 to 1 ⁇ 10 21 cm ⁇ 3 .
- the gate electrode 22 is provided above the diffusion layer 3 with the insulating film 4 interposed therebetween.
- the gate electrode 22 is formed on the overvoltage protection diode 5 in this embodiment. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the gate electrode 22 is electrically connected to one end (the left end in FIG. 2) of the overvoltage protection diode 5 on the active region A side.
- the P-type collector region 12 is formed on the lower surface 2 b of the semiconductor substrate 2.
- the impurity concentration of the collector region 12 is, for example, 1 ⁇ 10 17 cm ⁇ 3 to 1 ⁇ 10 19 cm ⁇ 3 .
- a collector electrode 23 is formed on the collector region 12.
- An N-type buffer region 11 may be provided adjacent to the collector region 12.
- the impurity concentration of the buffer region 11 is, for example, 1 ⁇ 10 16 cm ⁇ 3 to 1 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 .
- the insulating film 15 is provided so as to cover the overvoltage protection diode 5.
- the insulating film 15 has a thickness of 200 nm to 2000 nm, for example.
- the insulating film 15 is, for example, a silicon oxide film, and is a BPSG (Boron Phosphorous Silicate Glass) film in this embodiment.
- the surface protective film 16 covers the upper surface 2a side of the semiconductor device 1 as shown in FIG.
- the surface protective film 16 is, for example, a polyimide film or a silicon nitride film.
- the concentration peak of the P-type impurity in the P-type semiconductor layer 5b is located in the non-boundary region G between the boundary region F1 and the boundary region F2.
- the overvoltage protection diode 5 breaks down in the non-boundary region G.
- movement of mobile ions or impurities, more specifically, mobile ions or impurities move so as to straddle between the boundary region F1 and the P-type semiconductor layer 5b or between the boundary region F2 and the P-type semiconductor layer 5b.
- the withstand voltage fluctuation of the overvoltage protection diode 5 can be suppressed.
- fluctuations in the breakdown voltage of the overvoltage protection diode 5 can be suppressed. That is, the breakdown voltage of the overvoltage protection diode 5 can be stabilized.
- boundary regions F1 and F2 are preferably regions of the outer 10% of the total thickness of the P-type semiconductor layer 5b.
- the non-boundary region G is preferably a region that is 80% on the inner side of the total thickness of the P-type semiconductor layer 5b.
- the concentration peak of the P-type impurity in the P-type semiconductor layer 5b is located in an inner 80% region of the total thickness of the P-type semiconductor layer 5b.
- the P-type impurity concentration peak in the P-type semiconductor layer 5b is 20 nm or more from the boundary between the P-type semiconductor layer 5b and the insulating film 4 and from the boundary between the P-type semiconductor layer 5b and the insulating film 15 ( More preferably 50 nm or more).
- impurities such as movable ions such as sodium and boron between the P-type semiconductor layer 5b and the insulating film 4 and / or between the P-type semiconductor layer 5b and the insulating film 15 causes the breakdown voltage of the overvoltage protection diode 5.
- the influence exerted can be sufficiently suppressed.
- the breakdown voltage of the overvoltage protection diode 5 can be further stabilized.
- an N-type impurity may be introduced into the boundary region F1 and / or the boundary region F2.
- the carrier concentration (hole concentration or the like) in the boundary region can be lowered by the N-type impurity, and the variation in the breakdown voltage (zener voltage) of the overvoltage protection diode 5 can be further reduced.
- the concentration of the N-type impurity is lower than the concentration of the P-type impurity and is, for example, about 1 ⁇ 10 15 cm ⁇ 3 to 1 ⁇ 10 17 cm ⁇ 3 .
- a conductive semiconductor substrate is prepared.
- a relatively low concentration N-type (N ⁇ ) semiconductor substrate 2 is prepared.
- a P-type diffusion layer 3 is selectively formed on the upper surface 2 a of the semiconductor substrate 2.
- the insulating film 4 is formed on the entire upper surface 2 a of the semiconductor substrate 2.
- a field oxide film is formed as the insulating film 4.
- the insulating film 4 in a predetermined region (MOS structure forming region) of the insulating film 4 is removed by etching. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 6A (1), an N-type impurity (phosphorus or the like) is selectively introduced into the MOS structure formation region by selective ion implantation.
- the concentration of the introduced N-type impurity is, for example, 1 ⁇ 10 15 cm ⁇ 3 to 1 ⁇ 10 17 cm ⁇ 3 .
- a gate oxide film 61 is formed in the MOS structure formation region, and then a polysilicon layer (semiconductor layer) 50 is formed on the gate oxide film 61 and the insulating film 4. . Then, the gate oxide film 61 and the polysilicon layer 50 in the MOS structure formation region are processed into a predetermined gate shape by etching. By etching the polysilicon layer 50, the overvoltage protection diode 5 and the conductor portions 6, 7, 8, 9 (in the case of polysilicon) are formed.
- the semiconductor substrate 2 is subjected to heat treatment (annealing).
- the N-type impurity introduced into the MOS structure formation region is diffused and activated to form an N-type region (N well, surface high-concentration layer) 63 and oxidized on the entire upper surface 2 a side of the semiconductor substrate 2.
- a film 62 is formed (oxide film forming step).
- an oxide film 62 is formed on the etched polysilicon layer 50.
- the oxide film 62 is a thermal oxide film formed by heating the semiconductor substrate 2.
- a P-type impurity (boron or the like) is introduced into the polysilicon layer 50 and the N-type region 63 through the oxide film 62 (P-type impurity introduction step).
- the P-type impurity is deeply introduced so that the concentration peak of the P-type impurity introduced into the polysilicon layer 50 is located in the non-boundary region G between the boundary region F1 and the boundary region F2.
- the concentration of the introduced P-type impurity is, for example, 1 ⁇ 10 16 cm ⁇ 3 to 1 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 .
- the P-type impurity introduction step it is preferable to introduce the P-type impurity so that the concentration peak of the P-type impurity is located in the region of the inner 80% of the total thickness of the polysilicon layer 50.
- the concentration peak of the P-type impurity is 20 nm or more from the boundary between the polysilicon layer 50 and the insulating film 4 and the boundary between the polysilicon layer 50 and the insulating film 15 (more preferably, more than 20 nm). It is preferable to introduce a P-type impurity so as to be located at a distance of 50 nm or more.
- the P-type impurity When introducing a P-type impurity by an ion implantation method, the P-type impurity is ion-implanted with an acceleration energy (for example, 100 keV) higher than usual (for example, 50 eV).
- an acceleration energy for example, 100 keV
- 50 eV higher than usual
- the P-type impurity introduction process the P-type impurity is introduced into the polysilicon layer 50 and also into the semiconductor substrate 2 in the MOS formation scheduled region to constitute a part of the MOS structure. For this reason, a manufacturing method can be made efficient.
- a P-type impurity (boron or the like) is deeply introduced into the MOS structure formation region by selective ion implantation.
- the concentration of the introduced P-type impurity is, for example, 1 ⁇ 10 16 cm ⁇ 3 to 1 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 .
- the semiconductor substrate 2 is subjected to a heat treatment (annealing) to diffuse and activate the introduced P-type impurity, so that the polysilicon layer 50 becomes a P-type semiconductor layer.
- a P-type region (body region) 64 is formed in the N-type region 63.
- the insulating film 4 at the peripheral edge of the semiconductor substrate 2 is removed by etching.
- N-type impurities (phosphorus, etc.) are formed in the predetermined region of the polysilicon layer 50, the predetermined region of the P-type region 64, and the peripheral portion of the semiconductor substrate 2 by selective ion implantation.
- Is selectively introduced N-type impurity introduction step. More specifically, an N-type impurity is introduced into a portion of the polysilicon layer 50 where the N-type semiconductor layer 5a is formed and a portion of the P-type region 64 where the source / drain regions are formed. Note that the concentration of the introduced N-type impurity is, for example, 1 ⁇ 10 19 cm ⁇ 3 to 1 ⁇ 10 21 cm ⁇ 3 .
- an N-type impurity may be introduced into the polysilicon layer 50 that is the source of the conductor portions 6, 7, 8, 9.
- the semiconductor substrate 2 is subjected to a heat treatment (annealing) to diffuse and activate the introduced N-type impurity, thereby forming the polysilicon layer 50 and the P-type region 64.
- the predetermined region and the peripheral portion of the semiconductor substrate 2 are N-type semiconductor layers. That is, a predetermined region of the polysilicon layer 50 is an N-type semiconductor layer 5a, and a predetermined region of the P-type region 64 is an N + region (source / drain region) 65.
- the overvoltage protection diode 5 in which the N-type semiconductor layer 5a and the P-type semiconductor layer 5b are disposed adjacent to each other is formed.
- the stopper region 14 is formed by diffusing and activating the N-type impurity introduced into the peripheral portion of the semiconductor substrate 2 by heat treatment.
- an insulating film 15 is formed to cover the polysilicon layer 50 (overvoltage protection diode 5) and the gate of the MOS structure. Then, the emitter electrode 21 and the stopper electrode 24 are formed by sputtering or vacuum deposition.
- the annealing process is performed immediately after the introduction of the P-type impurity or the N-type impurity. However, the annealing process may be performed collectively after a plurality of impurity introduction processes are completed.
- the oxide film 62 is left to the end as described above, the oxide film 62 and the insulating film 15 correspond to the second insulating film in the claims of the present application.
- the semiconductor device manufacturing method may include a step of introducing N-type impurities into the polysilicon layer 50 (semiconductor layer) before the P-type impurity introduction step.
- the concentration of the N-type impurity to be introduced is lower than the concentration of the P-type impurity to be introduced in the P-type impurity introduction step (for example, 1 ⁇ 10 15 cm ⁇ 3 to 1 ⁇ 10 17 cm ⁇ 3 ).
- the N-type impurity may be introduced over the entire surface of the polysilicon layer 50, or may be selectively introduced only into a portion that becomes the P-type semiconductor layer 5b. Note that the N-type impurity may be introduced so that the concentration peak of the N-type impurity is different from the concentration peak of the P-type impurity (preferably, the concentration peak is located in the boundary region F1 or F2).
- N-type impurities introduction step for forming the N-type region 63 (surface high concentration layer) described with reference to FIG. 6A (1) not only the semiconductor substrate 2 in the MOS structure formation scheduled region but also the insulating film 4 is formed. N-type impurities may be introduced. That is, in the step before forming the polysilicon layer 50 (semiconductor layer) and introducing the N-type impurity into the semiconductor substrate 2 for forming the surface high concentration layer in the MOS structure formation scheduled region, the insulating film N-type impurities may also be introduced into 4.
- the N-type impurity thus introduced into the insulating film 4 diffuses into the boundary region F2 of the polysilicon layer 50 when the semiconductor substrate 2 is heat-treated to form the N-type region 63 in the MOS structure forming region. .
- the carrier concentration (hole concentration or the like) in the boundary region F2 of the P-type semiconductor layer 5b is lowered, the influence of mobile ions and impurities can be further suppressed.
- FIG. 7 shows the concentration distribution of P-type impurities and N-type impurities (after annealing) in the P-type semiconductor layer 5b after the P-type impurity introduction step.
- P indicates a concentration distribution of P-type impurities
- N indicates a concentration distribution of N-type impurities
- PN indicates a substantial concentration of P-type impurities.
- the substantial P-type impurity concentration is reduced in the boundary regions F1 and F2. That is, the carrier concentration (hole concentration, etc.) of the boundary regions F1 and F2 is reduced by introducing the N-type impurity.
- a planar gate type gate is fabricated in the MOS structure formation region, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a trench gate type gate may be fabricated. Even when a trench gate type gate is manufactured, a gate and an overvoltage protection diode can be manufactured in the same manner as described above.
- N-type impurities into the polysilicon layer 50 before the P-type impurity introduction step
- the N-type impurity is introduced into a portion of the polysilicon layer 50 (semiconductor layer) where the N-type impurity is not introduced in the N-type impurity introduction step.
- This N * -type impurity introduction step may be performed before the above-described N-type impurity introduction step, or may be performed after the N-type impurity introduction step.
- the concentration of the N-type impurity introduced in the N * -type impurity introduction step is lower than the concentration of the P-type impurity introduced in the P-type impurity introduction step (for example, 1 ⁇ 10 15 cm ⁇ 3 to 1 ⁇ 10 17 cm ⁇ 3 ).
- the carrier concentration (hole concentration, etc.) in the boundary region F1 is lowered, so that the influence of mobile ions and impurities can be further suppressed. Therefore, the withstand voltage fluctuation of the overvoltage protection diode 5 can be further suppressed.
- the N-type impurity may be introduced over the entire surface of the polysilicon layer 50 (that is, also in the region where the N-type impurity is introduced in the N-type impurity introduction step).
- FIG. 8 shows the concentration distribution of P-type impurities and N-type impurities (after annealing) in the P-type semiconductor layer 5b after the N * -type impurity introduction step.
- P represents a concentration distribution of P-type impurities
- N * represents a concentration distribution of N-type impurities
- PN * represents a substantial concentration of P-type impurities.
- the substantial P-type impurity concentration is lowered at least in the boundary region F1. That is, by introducing N-type impurities, at least the carrier concentration (hole concentration, etc.) of the boundary region F1 is lowered.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a semiconductor device 1A according to a modification of the first embodiment. In FIG. 9, the same components as those in FIG.
- the semiconductor device 1A according to the modification has an N-type drain region 12A instead of the P-type collector region 12, and a collector electrode that forms a Schottky barrier with the drain region 12A. 23.
- the collector electrode 23 has a barrier metal made of platinum, molybdenum or the like.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the semiconductor device 1B and corresponds to FIG. 2 described in the first embodiment.
- the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- a description will be given focusing on differences from the first embodiment.
- the semiconductor device 1B includes a P-type diffusion layer 3, an insulating film 4, an overvoltage protection diode 5, conductor portions 6, 7, 8, and 9, an N-type drain region 12B, and an N-type diffusion region 13. , An N-type stopper region 14, a source electrode 21A, a gate electrode 22, a drain electrode 23A, and a stopper electrode 24.
- the drain region 12B is formed on the lower surface 2b of the semiconductor substrate 2, and the drain electrode 23A is formed on the drain region 12B. Further, the source electrode 21 ⁇ / b> A is formed on the diffusion region 13.
- the overvoltage protection diode 5 is an overvoltage protection diode provided between the drain electrode 23A and the gate electrode 22 of the vertical MOSFET or between the source electrode 21A and the gate electrode 22.
- a semiconductor device 1B that can suppress the withstand voltage fluctuation of the overvoltage protection diode 5 is provided. be able to.
- the overvoltage protection diode 5 in the semiconductor device according to the embodiment of the present invention has been described above.
- the characteristic configuration of the overvoltage protection diode 5, that is, the configuration in which the concentration peak of the P-type impurity in the P-type semiconductor layer is located in the non-boundary region G is not limited to the overvoltage protection application and the like.
- the present invention may be applied to a general Zener diode used for the above applications.
- the above configuration may be applied to a Zener diode composed of one N-type semiconductor layer and one P-type semiconductor layer.
- the Zener diode according to the present invention is not limited to being provided as an overvoltage protection diode in a semiconductor device such as an IGBT or a MOSFET, but may be provided in another general integrated circuit (IC).
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Abstract
Description
導電性の半導体基板と、
前記半導体基板上に形成された第1の絶縁膜と、
前記第1の絶縁膜上に形成され、N型半導体層とP型半導体層とが隣接配置されたツェナーダイオードと、
前記ツェナーダイオードを被覆する第2の絶縁膜と、を備え、
前記P型半導体層におけるP型不純物の濃度は、前記N型半導体層におけるN型不純物の濃度より低く、
前記P型不純物の濃度ピークは、前記P型半導体層の前記第1の絶縁膜との境界領域である第1の境界領域と、前記P型半導体層の前記第2の絶縁膜との境界領域である第2の境界領域との間の非境界領域に位置することを特徴とする。
前記濃度ピークは、前記P型半導体層の全厚のうち内側80%の領域に位置するようにしてもよい。
前記濃度ピークは、前記P型半導体層と前記第1の絶縁膜との境界および前記P型半導体層と前記第2の絶縁膜との境界からそれぞれ20nm以上離れた位置にあるようにしてもよい。
前記P型半導体層における前記第1の境界領域および/または前記第2の境界領域には、N型不純物が導入されていてもよい。
前記P型半導体層および前記N型半導体層はポリシリコンからなり、前記第1の絶縁膜および/または前記第2の絶縁膜はシリコン酸化膜からなるようにしてもよい。
前記P型不純物はボロンであるようにしてもよい。
MOS構造をさらに備え、
前記半導体基板の一方の主面と他方の主面との間に主電流が流れ、
前記半導体基板の前記一方の主面には、前記主電流が流れる活性領域と、前記活性領域を取り囲み、前記半導体基板の周縁部を含む耐圧領域とが設けられ、
前記第1の絶縁膜は、前記耐圧領域上に形成され、
前記ツェナーダイオードは、前記N型半導体層と前記P型半導体層とが交互に隣接配置されたものとして構成された過電圧保護ダイオードであるようにしてもよい。
前記半導体基板は、第1導電型であり、
前記半導体装置は、
前記耐圧領域の前記一方の主面に選択的に形成され、前記活性領域を取り囲む第2導電型の拡散層と、
前記拡散層中に形成された第1導電型の拡散領域と、
前記拡散領域上に形成されたエミッタ電極と、
前記過電圧保護ダイオード上に形成されたゲート電極と、
前記半導体基板の前記他方の主面に形成された第2導電型のコレクタ領域と、
前記コレクタ領域上に形成されたコレクタ電極と、
をさらに備えてもよい。
前記半導体基板は、第1導電型であり、
前記半導体装置は、
前記耐圧領域の前記一方の主面に選択的に形成され、前記活性領域を取り囲む第2導電型の拡散層と、
前記拡散層中に形成された第1導電型の拡散領域と、
前記拡散領域上に形成されたエミッタ電極と、
前記過電圧保護ダイオード上に形成されたゲート電極と、
前記半導体基板の前記他方の主面に形成された第1導電型のドレイン領域と、
前記ドレイン領域上に形成され、前記ドレイン領域とショットキー障壁を形成するコレクタ電極と、
をさらに備えてよい。
前記半導体基板は、第1導電型であり、
前記半導体装置は、
前記耐圧領域の前記一方の主面に選択的に形成され、前記活性領域を取り囲む第2導電型の拡散層と、
前記拡散層中に形成された第1導電型の拡散領域と、
前記拡散領域上に形成されたソース電極と、
前記過電圧保護ダイオード上に形成されたゲート電極と、
前記半導体基板の前記他方の主面に形成された第1導電型のドレイン領域と、
前記ドレイン領域上に形成されたドレイン電極と、
をさらに備えてもよい。
半導体基板上に第1の絶縁膜を形成する工程と、
前記第1の絶縁膜の上に半導体層を形成する工程と、
前記半導体層をエッチングする工程と、
前記エッチングされた半導体層の上に酸化膜を形成する酸化膜形成工程と、
前記酸化膜を介して前記半導体層にP型不純物を導入するP型不純物導入工程と、
前記半導体層にN型不純物を選択的に導入するN型不純物導入工程と、
前記半導体層の上に第2の絶縁膜を形成する工程と、
を備え、
前記P型不純物導入工程において、前記導入されたP型不純物の濃度ピークが、前記半導体層の前記第1の絶縁膜との境界領域である第1の境界領域と、前記半導体層の前記第2の絶縁膜との境界領域である第2の境界領域との間の非境界領域に位置するようにP型不純物を導入することを特徴とする。
前記P型不純物導入工程の前において、前記P型不純物導入工程において導入される予定のP型不純物の濃度よりも低い濃度のN型不純物を前記半導体層に導入する工程をさらに備えてもよい。
前記第1の絶縁膜を形成した後であり且つ前記半導体層を形成する前の工程であって、MOS構造形成領域における前記半導体基板にN型不純物を導入する工程において、前記第1の絶縁膜にもN型不純物を導入し、
その後、前記MOS構造形成領域における前記半導体基板に導入されたN型不純物を活性化させるアニール処理によって、前記第1の絶縁膜に導入されたN型不純物を前記半導体層の前記第1の境界領域に拡散させるようにしてもよい。
前記半導体層を形成する前の工程であって、MOS構造形成予定領域に表面高濃度層を形成するためのN型不純物を前記半導体基板に導入する工程をさらに備え、当該工程において前記第1の絶縁膜にもN型不純物を導入するようにしてもよい。
前記P型不純物導入工程の後において、少なくとも、前記半導体層のうち前記N型不純物導入工程でN型不純物が導入されなかった部分に、前記P型不純物導入工程において導入されたP型不純物の濃度よりも低い濃度のN型不純物を導入する工程をさらに備えてもよい。
前記P型不純物導入工程において、前記濃度ピークが前記半導体層の全厚のうち内側80%の領域に位置するようにP型不純物を導入してもよい。
前記P型不純物導入工程において、前記濃度ピークが、前記半導体層と前記第1の絶縁膜との境界および前記半導体層と前記第2の絶縁膜との境界からそれぞれ20nm以上離れて位置するようにP型不純物を導入してもよい。
図1~図5を参照して、本発明の第1の実施形態に係る半導体装置1について説明する。なお、図1に示す半導体装置1の平面図では、絶縁膜15、表面保護膜16、エミッタ電極21、ゲート電極22、ストッパ電極24は図示していない。
次に、上記の半導体装置1の製造方法について、図6A、図6Bおよび図6Cの工程断面図を参照して説明する。なお、図6A、図6Bおよび図6Cでは、左側の図がMOS構造形成領域を示し、右側の図が過電圧保護ダイオード形成領域を示す。
IGBTの構成は上記の半導体装置1に限らない。図9は、第1の実施形態の変形例に係る半導体装置1Aの断面図である。なお、図9において、図2と同じ構成要素には同じ符号を付している。
次に、本発明の第2の実施形態に係る半導体装置1Bについて説明する。この半導体装置1Bは、縦型MOSFETである。半導体装置1Bの平面図は、図1と同様である。図10は、半導体装置1Bの断面図であり、第1の実施形態で説明した図2に対応する。なお、図10において、第1の実施形態と同じ構成要素には同じ符号を付している。以下、第1の実施形態との相違点を中心に説明する。
2,120 半導体基板
2a 上面
2b 下面
3 拡散層
4,140 絶縁膜
5 過電圧保護ダイオード
5a N型半導体層
5b,50b P型半導体層
6,7,8,9 導体部
10 周辺半導体領域
11 バッファ領域
12 コレクタ領域
12A,12B ドレイン領域
13 拡散領域
14 ストッパ領域
15,150 絶縁膜
16 表面保護膜
21 エミッタ電極
21A ソース電極
22 ゲート電極
23 コレクタ電極
23A ドレイン電極
24 ストッパ電極
50 ポリシリコン層
61 ゲート酸化膜
62 酸化膜
63 N型領域(表面高濃度層)
64 P型領域(ボディ領域)
65 N+領域
A 活性領域
B 耐圧領域
F1,F2,F10 境界領域
G 非境界領域
P1,P2 (拡散層3の)境界
Claims (17)
- 導電性の半導体基板と、
前記半導体基板上に形成された第1の絶縁膜と、
前記第1の絶縁膜上に形成され、N型半導体層とP型半導体層とが隣接配置されたツェナーダイオードと、
前記ツェナーダイオードを被覆する第2の絶縁膜と、を備え、
前記P型半導体層におけるP型不純物の濃度は、前記N型半導体層におけるN型不純物の濃度より低く、
前記P型不純物の濃度ピークは、前記P型半導体層の前記第1の絶縁膜との境界領域である第1の境界領域と、前記P型半導体層の前記第2の絶縁膜との境界領域である第2の境界領域との間の非境界領域に位置することを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 前記濃度ピークは、前記P型半導体層の全厚のうち内側80%の領域に位置することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記濃度ピークは、前記P型半導体層と前記第1の絶縁膜との境界および前記P型半導体層と前記第2の絶縁膜との境界からそれぞれ20nm以上離れた位置にあることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記P型半導体層における前記第1の境界領域および/または前記第2の境界領域には、N型不純物が導入されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記P型半導体層および前記N型半導体層はポリシリコンからなり、前記第1の絶縁膜および/または前記第2の絶縁膜はシリコン酸化膜からなることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記P型不純物はボロンであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- MOS構造をさらに備え、
前記半導体基板の一方の主面と他方の主面との間に主電流が流れ、
前記半導体基板の前記一方の主面には、前記主電流が流れる活性領域と、前記活性領域を取り囲み、前記半導体基板の周縁部を含む耐圧領域とが設けられ、
前記第1の絶縁膜は、前記耐圧領域上に形成され、
前記ツェナーダイオードは、前記N型半導体層と前記P型半導体層とが交互に隣接配置されたものとして構成された過電圧保護ダイオードであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記半導体基板は、第1導電型であり、
前記半導体装置は、
前記耐圧領域の前記一方の主面に選択的に形成され、前記活性領域を取り囲む第2導電型の拡散層と、
前記拡散層中に形成された第1導電型の拡散領域と、
前記拡散領域上に形成されたエミッタ電極と、
前記過電圧保護ダイオード上に形成されたゲート電極と、
前記半導体基板の前記他方の主面に形成された第2導電型のコレクタ領域と、
前記コレクタ領域上に形成されたコレクタ電極と、
をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記半導体基板は、第1導電型であり、
前記半導体装置は、
前記耐圧領域の前記一方の主面に選択的に形成され、前記活性領域を取り囲む第2導電型の拡散層と、
前記拡散層中に形成された第1導電型の拡散領域と、
前記拡散領域上に形成されたエミッタ電極と、
前記過電圧保護ダイオード上に形成されたゲート電極と、
前記半導体基板の前記他方の主面に形成された第1導電型のドレイン領域と、
前記ドレイン領域上に形成され、前記ドレイン領域とショットキー障壁を形成するコレクタ電極と、
をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記半導体基板は、第1導電型であり、
前記半導体装置は、
前記耐圧領域の前記一方の主面に選択的に形成され、前記活性領域を取り囲む第2導電型の拡散層と、
前記拡散層中に形成された第1導電型の拡散領域と、
前記拡散領域上に形成されたソース電極と、
前記過電圧保護ダイオード上に形成されたゲート電極と、
前記半導体基板の前記他方の主面に形成された第1導電型のドレイン領域と、
前記ドレイン領域上に形成されたドレイン電極と、
をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の半導体装置。 - 半導体基板上に第1の絶縁膜を形成する工程と、
前記第1の絶縁膜の上に半導体層を形成する工程と、
前記半導体層をエッチングする工程と、
前記エッチングされた半導体層の上に酸化膜を形成する酸化膜形成工程と、
前記酸化膜を介して前記半導体層にP型不純物を導入するP型不純物導入工程と、
前記半導体層にN型不純物を選択的に導入するN型不純物導入工程と、
前記半導体層の上に第2の絶縁膜を形成する工程と、
を備え、
前記P型不純物導入工程において、前記導入されたP型不純物の濃度ピークが、前記半導体層の前記第1の絶縁膜との境界領域である第1の境界領域と、前記半導体層の前記第2の絶縁膜との境界領域である第2の境界領域との間の非境界領域に位置するようにP型不純物を導入することを特徴とする半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記P型不純物導入工程の前において、前記P型不純物導入工程において導入される予定のP型不純物の濃度よりも低い濃度のN型不純物を前記半導体層に導入する工程をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記第1の絶縁膜を形成した後であり且つ前記半導体層を形成する前の工程であって、MOS構造形成領域における前記半導体基板にN型不純物を導入する工程において、前記第1の絶縁膜にもN型不純物を導入し、
その後、前記MOS構造形成領域における前記半導体基板に導入されたN型不純物を活性化させるアニール処理によって、前記第1の絶縁膜に導入されたN型不純物を前記半導体層の前記第1の境界領域に拡散させることを特徴とする請求項12に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記半導体層を形成する前の工程であって、MOS構造形成予定領域に表面高濃度層を形成するためのN型不純物を前記半導体基板に導入する工程をさらに備え、当該工程において前記第1の絶縁膜にもN型不純物を導入することを特徴とする請求項12に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記P型不純物導入工程の後において、少なくとも、前記半導体層のうち前記N型不純物導入工程でN型不純物が導入されなかった部分に、前記P型不純物導入工程において導入されたP型不純物の濃度よりも低い濃度のN型不純物を導入する工程をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記P型不純物導入工程において、前記濃度ピークが前記半導体層の全厚のうち内側80%の領域に位置するようにP型不純物を導入することを特徴とする請求項11に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記P型不純物導入工程において、前記濃度ピークが、前記半導体層と前記第1の絶縁膜との境界および前記半導体層と前記第2の絶縁膜との境界からそれぞれ20nm以上離れて位置するようにP型不純物を導入することを特徴とする請求項11に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
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