WO2018049906A1 - 电池固定支架及电池组 - Google Patents

电池固定支架及电池组 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018049906A1
WO2018049906A1 PCT/CN2017/092989 CN2017092989W WO2018049906A1 WO 2018049906 A1 WO2018049906 A1 WO 2018049906A1 CN 2017092989 W CN2017092989 W CN 2017092989W WO 2018049906 A1 WO2018049906 A1 WO 2018049906A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
fixing bracket
post
battery fixing
cover assembly
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/092989
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王峰
韦中乐
唐天铭
陶禹霖
Original Assignee
蔚来汽车有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 蔚来汽车有限公司 filed Critical 蔚来汽车有限公司
Publication of WO2018049906A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018049906A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/213—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • H01M50/264—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks for cells or batteries, e.g. straps, tie rods or peripheral frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/503—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the interconnectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/251—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for stationary devices, e.g. power plant buffering or backup power supplies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/514—Methods for interconnecting adjacent batteries or cells
    • H01M50/516—Methods for interconnecting adjacent batteries or cells by welding, soldering or brazing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/521—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the material
    • H01M50/522—Inorganic material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of battery pack energy storage technology; in particular, the present invention relates to a battery fixing bracket, and further to a battery pack including the same.
  • the energy storage system is suitable for use as a backup power source when the utility power is cut off, and is widely used in homes, schools, hospitals, factories, vehicles and various office places. These applications for energy storage systems do not require long periods of vibration in most cases.
  • the battery pack is the core part of the energy storage system.
  • the main structure of the common battery pack includes a battery fixing bracket composed of an upper cover and a lower cover, a current-carrying piece, a battery, and an insulating sheet.
  • the existing battery fixing bracket is assembled in the form of an upper cover and a lower cover, and then fixed by welding with a nickel piece. In this way, a professional fixture is required for welding, and there is a risk of damage to the solder joint during the movement of the battery pack after soldering.
  • a first aspect of the present invention provides a battery fixing bracket, wherein a base of the battery fixing bracket has a rectangular shape, and a battery receiving groove is defined on the substrate, and the battery receiving groove is The substrate is uniformly distributed in the form of a matrix, and a through hole slightly smaller than the end surface of the battery is formed at the bottom of each of the battery receiving grooves;
  • a card strip and a card slot near the four corners thereof are integrally formed on a side of the battery fixing bracket, the card strip and the card slot have a matching shape, and the card strip and the card slot Alternately arranged along the circumferential direction of the battery fixing bracket;
  • a vertically penetrating connecting hole is disposed in a middle portion of the battery fixing bracket.
  • the matrix is a 2*2 matrix or a 2*3 matrix.
  • the card strips and the card slots on the same side of the battery fixing bracket are at different height positions.
  • the card strip and the card slot are dovetail-shaped.
  • corresponding connecting portions are formed on the opposite side edges of the battery fixing bracket.
  • the battery receiving slot is defined by a battery post uniformly distributed in the form of a matrix, and each of the four adjacent battery posts defines a battery receiving slot. .
  • a side of the battery post facing the battery receiving groove conforms to a shape of a side of the battery.
  • the battery has a cylindrical shape, and a side of the battery post facing the battery receiving groove is curved.
  • the battery cartridge comprises:
  • first post located at an intermediate position of the base, the first post being located between four adjacent battery receiving slots, the connecting hole being located in the first post;
  • a third post located at four corners of the base, the third post being in the shape of a quarter of the first post, the clip and the slot being located in the third At the post.
  • a boss is formed at a top end of the first post, and an anti-rotation structure is provided on the boss.
  • the anti-rotation structure is a fan-shaped or fan-shaped convex portion.
  • a connecting portion is formed on the outer side of the second post.
  • a second aspect of the invention provides a battery pack, wherein the battery pack includes the upper cover combination and the lower portion of the battery fixing bracket according to any one of the preceding first aspects.
  • a cover combination, the upper cover combination and the lower cover combination are opposed and fixed by screws in the connection hole;
  • a battery is disposed between the upper cover combination and the lower cover combination, the battery extreme And a battery receiving groove disposed between the upper cover combination and the lower cover, a carrier piece disposed between the battery and the upper cover combination and between the battery and the lower cover combination
  • the electrode of the battery is soldered to the current-carrying sheet;
  • An insulating sheet is attached to the upper cover assembly.
  • each of the current-carrying sheets and each of the insulating sheets are identical to the corresponding battery fixing brackets.
  • the battery pack has a connecting strip that connects and fixes the corresponding connecting portion at the edge of the upper cover combination and the lower cover combination .
  • the battery fixing bracket of the present invention provides a simple and quick battery grouping method. In the early stage of energy storage system development, according to different capacity requirements, samples can be quickly and easily assembled by assembly, reducing development time and cost.
  • FIG. 1 shows a plan view of a battery fixing bracket according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the battery fixing bracket shown in Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a battery fixing bracket according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG 4 is a perspective view showing the battery fixing bracket shown in Figure 3;
  • FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view showing a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 shows an example of the splicing manner of the battery fixing bracket of Fig. 5.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 show a plan and perspective view, respectively, of a 2*2 battery mounting bracket 10 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the battery mounting bracket 10 can include an integral base 11 and a battery post 15.
  • the battery post 15 may include a first post 15a, a second post 15b, and a third post 15c on the base 11. Enclose a number of battery receiving slots.
  • the base 11 of the battery fixing bracket 10 may have a rectangular shape and may alternatively be made of a plastic sheet. Specifically, in the illustrated example, the base 11 of the battery fixing bracket has a square shape. A card strip 13a and a card slot 13b are formed at the four sides of the substrate 11. When the different battery fixing brackets 10 are juxtaposed, they can be assembled with each other by the card strips 13a and the card slots 13b to form a battery pack. The upper cover assembly or the lower cover assembly can be selected to have a flexible size as needed.
  • a total of 3*3 battery posts 15 are disposed on the base 11 of the battery fixing bracket 10, including a first post 15a, a second post 15b and a third post 15c. These battery posts can be evenly distributed in a matrix. Through this matrix uniformity, it can be seen that the battery fixing bracket has a symmetrical structure.
  • the battery posts 15 can be integrally formed on the substrate 11, and each of the four adjacent battery posts 15 encloses a battery receiving slot on the substrate 11, and the battery can be accommodated and positioned in the battery. Included in the tank. It can be appreciated that battery clips of different numbers, different shapes, and/or different arrangements may also be used to enclose the battery receiving slots in other embodiments, without being limited to the four adjacent battery posts 15 illustrated.
  • the battery receiving slots are defined on the substrate 11, and the battery receiving slots are also uniformly distributed in a matrix on the substrate 11.
  • the matrix is a matrix of 2*2, which is in the form of a square.
  • other numbers of battery receiving slots can be formed on the battery fixing bracket 10.
  • a through hole 12 slightly smaller than the end surface of the battery is formed at the bottom of the groove of each of the battery receiving grooves.
  • the through hole 12 is slightly smaller than the end face of the battery to prevent the battery from coming off.
  • the through hole 12 may preferably be a circular hole as shown; other shapes may be considered by those skilled in the art.
  • the first post 15a is located intermediate the base 11 between four adjacent battery receiving slots.
  • the second post 15b is located at the edge of the base 11, which is in the shape of a half of the first post 15a.
  • the third post 15c is located at the four corners of the base 11, the shape of the 1/4 portion of the first post 15a.
  • the first post in the illustration is optionally in the shape of an octagon
  • the second post is an octagonal half and the third stud is 1/4 of the eight sides. It can be understood that the combination of the two second posts and the four third posts also contributes to improving their strength and improving the reliability of the accommodating battery.
  • the side faces of the battery posts 15a, 15b, 15c facing the battery receiving slots preferably conform to the side shape of the battery, advantageously in surface contact therebetween.
  • the battery fixing bracket 10 of the illustrated embodiment may be suitable for a cylindrical battery, such as but not limited to 14430, 18650, 26650, 32650 batteries, etc., in which case the side of the battery post facing the battery receiving slot is preferably
  • the side surface of the battery has a corresponding arc shape; more preferably, the radius of the arc on the side of the battery post 15 may be substantially equal to or slightly larger than the radius of the arc on the side of the battery, so that the assembly is facilitated and the battery post is prevented from being squeezed. Press the battery.
  • the side of the battery post can be selected to correspond to the selected side of the battery to achieve surface contact between the battery post and the battery.
  • the surface contact between the battery post and the battery will facilitate the stability of the battery arrangement in the battery fixing bracket, prevent the area between the battery post and the battery from being too small, and the pressure is too large to damage the battery.
  • a card strip 13a and a card slot 13b are formed integrally with the four corners thereof, and the card strip 13a and the card slot 13b have matching shapes suitable for mutual engagement, and the card strip 13a and the card
  • the grooves 13b are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the battery fixing bracket 10. It can be seen that when two identical battery fixing brackets 10 are juxtaposed, the card strips of each other can be inserted into the slot of the other party, thereby assembling the two battery fixing brackets 10 together.
  • the clip 13a and the card slot 13b are preferably dovetail shaped.
  • the card strip and the card slot may also be in the form of a ⁇ / ⁇ . Since the energy storage battery pack usually does not require long-term vibration, the commonly used snap-fit structure can meet the demand.
  • the illustrated embodiment also preferably places the clips 13a and the card slots 13b on the same side of the battery holder 10 at different height positions.
  • the upper end of the upper is flush with the upper end of the post and the lower end of the lower is flush with the lower end of the base.
  • the clip 13a and the card slot 13b are preferably located at the third post 15c. This arrangement reduces the interference of the clip/slot engagement on the same side of the battery holder, providing a more flexible mounting angle and reducing the amount of force required for assembly.
  • the terminating end of the card strip and the card slot defines the relative mounting position of the battery fixing bracket, and the splicing precision of the battery fixing bracket is ensured.
  • a boss 15a1 can be formed at the top end of the first post 15a, and an anti-rotation structure 15a2 can be provided on the boss 15a1.
  • the anti-rotation structure 15a2 functions to assemble the upper cover assembly and the lower cover assembly of the battery pack with the battery fixing bracket and to form the battery pack together with the battery, the current-carrying sheet and the insulating sheet, and the upper cover assembly and the lower cover assembly
  • the anti-rotation structure in the battery fixing bracket can be snapped together to prevent the corresponding battery fixing bracket from rotating relative to each other.
  • the anti-rotation structure 15a2 may be a fan or a fan ring
  • the bosses, these fan-shaped or fan-shaped arrangements need to allow the two battery-mounting brackets to be engaged with each other when placed opposite the battery pack. It can be understood that the number of the convex portions of the sector or the fan ring is not limited to two in the figure.
  • a vertically penetrating connecting hole 14 may be provided in the middle of the battery fixing bracket 10.
  • the connecting hole 14 can also be a threaded hole.
  • the connecting hole may be located at a mirror-symmetrical symmetry axis of the battery fixing bracket such that the connecting holes of the opposite battery fixing bracket are in an aligned position, and can be fastened by using screws, bolts, studs, etc.; In the case of internal threads, it can be fixed with a tapping screw.
  • the connection holes are formed in the first post.
  • the upper and lower cover assemblies can be secured together by bolts through the attachment holes.
  • a connecting portion 16 may be formed opposite to the side of the battery fixing bracket 10.
  • the connecting portion 16 is preferably a connecting hole on the outer side of the second post.
  • the battery fixing brackets assembled side by side or up and down can be connected by strips.
  • the elongated strips can connect a plurality of connections.
  • Other forms of connections are contemplated by those skilled in the art, such as, but not limited to, recesses and the like, and are not described herein.
  • 3 and 4 show a plan and perspective view, respectively, of a 3*3 battery mounting bracket 20 in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the illustrated battery fixing bracket 20 has a rectangular shape as a whole and has a mirror symmetrical structure.
  • the battery fixing bracket 20 may have 3*4 battery posts 25 including two first posts 25a located in the middle of the substrate 21, six second posts 25b located at the edge of the substrate 21, and four on the base 21.
  • the third post 25c at the corner.
  • These battery posts 25 can be evenly distributed in a matrix and can enclose 2*3 battery-receiving slots in a matrix.
  • a connecting portion 26 may be formed in the second post 25b; a boss 25a1 and an anti-rotation structure 25a2 are formed on the first post 25a;
  • a connection hole 24 is also formed at the center of 25a.
  • the battery fixing bracket 20 of this embodiment is also provided with a through hole 22, a clip 23a, a card slot 23b, and the like.
  • the description of each feature based on the embodiment in FIGS. 1 and 2 is also applicable to the battery fixing brackets of FIGS. 3 and 4, and the dimensions of the corresponding features are identical, and therefore will not be repeated here.
  • the battery fixing bracket 10 of FIGS. 1 and 2 and the battery fixing bracket 20 of FIGS. 3 and 4 are also Can be stitched.
  • the side of the battery fixing bracket 10 is the same as the shorter side of the battery fixing bracket 20 and is structurally matched. When splicing, only the side of the battery fixing bracket 10 needs to be docked with the shorter side of the battery fixing bracket 20. . It can be understood that considering that 2 and 3 are the smallest prime numbers, the battery housings of m*n various matrix arrangements can be realized by the 2*2 battery fixing bracket 10 and the 2*3 battery fixing bracket 20, wherein m and n is an integer greater than or equal to 2.
  • 5 and 6 respectively show an exploded schematic view and a top plan view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the battery pack may include an upper cover combination 1 and a lower cover combination 2 composed of eight battery fixing brackets 10 and four battery fixing brackets 20, respectively, and the upper cover combination 1 and the lower cover combination 2 are opposed to each other and By fixing the screw 6 in the connecting hole.
  • the side edges of the upper cover combination 1 and the lower cover combination 2 may also be joined by a strip (not shown) to enhance stability.
  • a battery 3 is disposed between the upper cover assembly 1 and the lower cover assembly 2, and the extremes of the battery 3 are respectively accommodated in the battery receiving slots of the upper cover assembly 1 and the lower cover assembly 2, and the combination of the battery 3 and the upper cover 1
  • the carrier sheet 4 is disposed between the battery 3 and the lower cover assembly 2, and the electrodes of the battery 3 can be welded to the current-carrying sheet 4; and the insulating sheet 5 is placed on the upper cover assembly 1.
  • the insulating sheet 5 may also be provided to have the same size as the battery fixing bracket. As shown, each insulating sheet has the same shape and area as the corresponding battery mounting bracket, such as 2*2 and 2*3 dimensions. Thus, according to the splicing form of the battery fixing bracket, the insulating sheet 5 can be attached correspondingly, which improves flexibility.
  • the battery pack composition method is described by taking a battery pack of 26650 cylindrical batteries to form an energy storage system as an example.
  • the battery pack mainly includes an upper cover assembly 1, a lower cover assembly 2, a battery 3, a current-carrying sheet (for example, a copper-nickel composite sheet) 4, an insulating sheet 5, and a fixing screw 6.
  • the upper cover assembly 1 and the lower cover assembly 2 are respectively composed of a corresponding number of 2*2 fixing brackets 10 and 2*3 fixing brackets 20, etc. The number of specific battery fixing brackets depends on the system capacity.
  • the battery holder can be made of plastic material.
  • the upper cover assembly 1 and the lower cover assembly 2 are firstly assembled by the 2*2 fixing bracket 10 and the 3*3 fixing bracket 20 to form an integral frame, and then the lower cover assembly 2
  • the current-carrying sheet 4 is placed therein, and then the battery 3 is placed in order, so that the battery 3 and the lower cover assembly 2 and the current-carrying sheet 4 together form a new whole, and then the upper cover assembly 1 with the carrier sheets 4 is loaded, and finally the screws are used.
  • the upper cover combination 1 and the lower cover combination 2 are locked and fixed, and placed in a welding device for spot welding, so that the extremes of the battery 3 are welded to the current-carrying sheet 4, and after confirming OK, the insulating sheet 1 is attached, thereby forming a final Battery.
  • a welding device for spot welding so that the extremes of the battery 3 are welded to the current-carrying sheet 4, and after confirming OK, the insulating sheet 1 is attached, thereby forming a final Battery.
  • the battery fixing bracket mainly uses a non-assembled upper cover and a lower cover to combine the batteries, and then is fixed by welding with a nickel piece, and there is no bolt fixing in the middle, and there is a risk of destroying the solder joint during the movement; After the design of the battery pack in the prior art is completed, a professional fixture is required for fixing to the welding.
  • the invention can make the energy storage system of different capacities conveniently and quickly without lowering the design requirements, and the current-carrying sheets of the battery pack (for example, nickel sheets, copper-nickel composite sheets) are inside the casing formed by the battery fixing brackets, It is attached with a screw to form a whole, so no additional fixing fixture is needed for welding.

Abstract

一种电池固定支架（10，20）及包括其的电池组。所述电池固定支架（10，20）的基底（11，21）呈矩形，在基底（11，21）上限定有电池容置槽，电池容置槽呈矩阵的形式均布，每个电池容置槽的槽底处形成有稍小于电池端面的通孔（12，22）；在电池固定支架（10，20）的侧边上一体地形成有靠近其四个角的卡条（13a，23a）和卡槽（13b，23b），卡条（13a，23a）和所述卡槽（13b，23b）具有匹配的形状，并且它们沿电池固定支架（10，20）的周向交替地布置；并且在电池固定支架（10，20）的中部设置有垂直贯穿的连接孔（14，24）。

Description

电池固定支架及电池组 技术领域
本发明涉及电池组储能技术领域；具体地说，本发明涉及一种电池固定支架，并且进一步涉及一种包括其的电池组。
背景技术
储能系统适于在市电断电时用作后备电源，广泛应用于家庭、学校、医院、工厂、交通工具及各类办公场所中。储能系统的这些适用场合在大部分情况下不需要长时间振动。
电池组是储能系统的核心部分，常见电池组的主要结构包括上盖和下盖组成的电池固定支架、载流片、电池及绝缘片等。
在现有设计中，针对电池组，通常是依据所需容量而设计不同规格的电池固定支架，尤其在样品制作过程中，这将会增加前期模具开发成本，也使得整个系统开发周期变长。
另外，现有的电池固定支架采用上盖和下盖的形式来组装电池，然后通过镍片焊接固定。这样，在焊接时需要专业的夹具固定、并且在焊接后电池组移动过程中有破坏焊点的风险。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种能够克服前述技术问题的电池固定支架。
进一步地，本发明的目的还在于提供一种包括前述电池固定支架的电池组。
为了实现前述目的，本发明的第一方面提供了一种电池固定支架，其中，所述电池固定支架的基底呈矩形，在所述基底上限定有电池容置槽，所述电池容置槽在所述基底上呈矩阵的形式均布，并且每个电池容置槽的槽底处形成有稍小于电池端面的通孔；
在所述电池固定支架的侧边上一体地形成有靠近其四个角的卡条和卡槽，所述卡条和所述卡槽具有匹配的形状，并且所述卡条和所述卡槽沿所述电池固定支架的周向交替地布置；并且
在所述电池固定支架的中部设置有垂直贯穿的连接孔。
可选地，在如前所述的电池固定支架中，所述矩阵为2*2的矩阵或者2*3的矩阵。
可选地，在如前所述的电池固定支架中，在所述电池固定支架的同一侧边上的卡条和卡槽处于不同高度位置。
可选地，在如前所述的电池固定支架中，所述卡条和所述卡槽呈燕尾形。
可选地，在如前所述的电池固定支架中，在所述电池固定支架的对置的侧边上形成有对应的连接部。
可选地，在如前所述的电池固定支架中，所述电池容置槽由呈矩阵的形式均布的电池卡柱限定，并且每四个相邻的电池卡柱限定一个电池容置槽。
可选地，在如前所述的电池固定支架中，所述电池卡柱的朝向所述电池容置槽的侧面与电池的侧面形状一致。
可选地，在如前所述的电池固定支架中，所述电池呈圆柱状，所述电池卡柱的朝向所述电池容置槽的侧面呈弧形。
可选地，在如前所述的电池固定支架中，所述电池卡柱包括：
位于所述基底的中间位置的第一卡柱，所述第一卡柱位于四个相邻的电池容置槽之间，所述连接孔位于所述第一卡柱中；
位于所述基底的边缘位置的第二卡柱，所述第二卡柱呈所述第一卡柱的半部的形状；以及
位于所述基底的四个角处的第三卡柱，所述第三卡柱呈所述第一卡柱的1/4部的形状，所述卡条和所述卡槽位于所述第三卡柱处。
可选地，在如前所述的电池固定支架中，在所述第一卡柱的顶端形成凸台，在所述凸台上具有防转结构。
可选地，在如前所述的电池固定支架中，所述防转结构为扇形或扇环形的凸起部。
可选地，在如前所述的电池固定支架中，在所述第二卡柱的外侧上形成有连接部。
为了实现前述目的，本发明的第二方面提供了一种电池组，其中，所述电池组包括由前述第一方面中任一项所述的电池固定支架构成的上盖组合和下 盖组合，所述上盖组合和所下盖组合对置并且通过所述连接孔中的螺钉固定；在所述上盖组合和所述下盖组合之间布置有电池，所述电池的极端分别容置于所述上盖组合和所述下盖组合的电池容置槽内，在所述电池与所述上盖组合之间以及所述电池与所述下盖组合之间布置有载流片，所述电池的电极焊接至所述载流片；并且
在所述上盖组合上贴置有绝缘片。
可选地，在如前所述的电池组中，每个所述载流片及每个所述绝缘片的形状和面积与相应的所述电池固定支架一致。
可选地，在如前所述的电池组中，所述电池组具有连接条，所述连接条连接并将所述上盖组合和所述下盖组合的边缘处的相应的连接部相对固定。
本发明的电池固定支架提供了一种简单快捷的电池组成组方式。在储能系统开发初期，依据不同的容量需求，能够通过组装而方便快捷地做出样品，减少开发的时间及成本。
附图说明
参照附图，本发明的公开内容将更加显然。应当了解，这些附图仅用于说明的目的，而并非意在对本发明的保护范围构成限制。图中：
图1示出根据本发明的一种实施方式的电池固定支架的平面示意图；
图2示出如图1中所示的电池固定支架的立体示意图；
图3示出根据本发明的另一实施方式的电池固定支架的平面示意图；
图4示出如图3中所示的电池固定支架的立体示意图；
图5示出根据本发明的一种实施方式的电池组的分解示意图；以及
图6示出图5中电池固定支架的拼接方式的示例。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图详细地说明本发明的具体实施方式。在各附图中，相同的附图标记表示相同或相应的技术特征。
图1和图2分别示出了根据本发明的一种实施方式的2*2电池固定支架10的平面和立体示意图。
如图所示，电池固定支架10可以包括一体的基底11和电池卡柱15。电池卡柱15可以包括第一卡柱15a、第二卡柱15b及第三卡柱15c，在基底11上 围成若干个电池容置槽。
电池固定支架10的基底11可以呈矩形，可选为由塑胶板材制成。具体地，在图示示例中，电池固定支架的基座11呈正方形。在基底11的四个侧边处设计有卡条13a和卡槽13b，在不同的电池固定支架10并置时，它们能够通过这些卡条13a和卡槽13b相互拼装在一起，以组成电池组的上盖组件或下盖组件，根据需要选择电池固定支架的数量可以使之具有灵活的尺寸。
该图示实施方式中，电池固定支架10的基底11上共设置了3*3个电池卡柱15，包括第一卡柱15a、第二卡柱15b和第三卡柱15c。这些电池卡柱可以呈矩阵形式均布。通过这种矩阵均布，可以看出电池固定支架具有对称的结构。
如图所示，电池卡柱15可以一体地形成在基底11上，每四个相邻的电池卡柱15在基底11上围成一个电池容置槽，电池刚好能够容置且定位于在电池容置槽内。可以了解，在其它实施方式中也可以选用不同数量、不同形状和/或不同布置的电池卡柱来围成电池容置槽，而不限于图示的四个相邻电池卡柱15。
如图所示，在图示实施方式中，基底11上共限定有四个电池容置槽，并且这些电池容置槽在基底11上也呈矩阵的形式均布。在图中矩阵为2*2的矩阵，呈正方形的样式。同理，在电池固定支架10上也可以形成其它数量的电池容置槽。为了电池的散热以及电池极端与载流片的接触，在每个电池容置槽的槽底处形成有稍小于电池端面的通孔12。该通孔12稍小于电池端面可以防止电池从中脱落。该通孔12可以优选为图示的圆孔；所属领域的技术人员也可以考虑到选用其它形状。
如图所示，第一卡柱15a位于基底11的中间位置处，位于四个相邻的电池容置槽之间。第二卡柱15b位于基底11的边缘位置，其呈第一卡柱15a的半部的形状。第三卡柱15c位于基底11的四个角处，其第一卡柱15a的1/4部的形状。通过这种设置，当多个根据本实施方式的电池固定支架10利用卡条13a和卡槽13b拼接在一起时，相邻的两个第二卡柱15b、相邻的四个第三卡柱15c将构成与第一卡柱15a类似的构型，有利于保证电池组中拼接电池固定支架中电池的均布。具体地，图示中的第一卡柱可选地呈八边形形状，而第二卡柱为八边形的半部，第三卡柱形为八边的1/4部。可以了解，将两个第二卡柱、四个第三卡柱拼合在一起也有利于提高它们的强度，改善了容置电池的可靠性。
电池卡柱15a、15b、15c的朝向电池容置槽的侧面优选为与电池的侧面形状一致，有利地使它们之间为面接触。例如，图示实施方式的电池固定支架10可以适用于圆柱形电池，例如但不限于14430、18650、26650、32650电池等，此时，电池卡柱的朝向电池容置槽的侧面优选为呈与电池的侧表面相应的弧形；更优选地，电池卡柱15的侧面上弧形的半径可以基本上等于或稍大于电池的侧面上弧形的半径，使得既便于组装又防止电池卡柱挤压电池。可以了解，当电池选用其它形状例如方形等时，电池卡柱的侧面可以选择与所选用的电池侧面相应的形状来实现电池卡柱与电池之间的面接触。电池卡柱与电池之间的面接触将有利于电池布置在电池固定支架中的稳定性，防止电池卡柱与电池之间面积过小、压力过大而损坏电池。
在电池固定支架10的侧边上一体地形成有靠近其四个角的卡条13a和卡槽13b，卡条13a和卡槽13b具有适于互相接合的匹配的形状，并且卡条13a和卡槽13b沿电池固定支架10的周向交替地布置。可见，当两个同样的电池固定支架10并置时，可以将彼此的卡条插进对方的卡槽内，从而将两个电池固定支架10拼装在一起。如图所示，卡条13a和卡槽13b优选为呈燕尾形。可选地，卡条和卡槽也可以选用榫/卯的形式。由于储能的电池组通常不需要长时间振动，所以常用的卡接结构均能够满足需求。
为了便于拆装，图示实施方式还优选地将电池固定支架10的同一侧边上的卡条13a和卡槽13b设置成处于不同高度位置。依照附图实施方式可见，较高者的上端与卡柱的上端平齐，较低者的下端与基底的下端平齐。在如图所示的实施方式中，卡条13a和卡槽13b优选地位于第三卡柱15c处。这种设置方式减轻了电池固定支架的同一侧边上的卡条/卡槽接合的干涉，提供了更灵活的安装角度、减小了组装时需要的力度。另外，卡条和卡槽的终止端限定了电池固定支架的相对安装位置，电池固定支架的拼接精度得到保证。
从图中可以看出，在第一卡柱15a的顶端可以形成凸台15a1，在凸台15a1上具有防转结构15a2。该防转结构15a2的作用是，在用电池固定支架分别组装成电池组的上盖组件和下盖组件并且与电池、载流片、绝缘片一起组成电池组时，上盖组件和下盖组件中的电池固定支架中的防转结构能够咬合在一起，防止相应的电池固定支架相对转动。在图示示例中，防转结构15a2可以为扇形或扇环形 的凸起部，这些扇形或扇环形的布置需要允许两个电池固定支架翻转对置地布置在电池组时能够互相咬合。可以了解，扇形或扇环形的凸起部的数量并不局限为图中的两个。
为了使得构成上、下盖组件中相应的电池固定支架能够紧固在一起，在电池固定支架10的中部可以设置有垂直贯穿的连接孔14。连接孔14也可以是螺纹孔。优选地，连接孔可以位于电池固定支架的镜像对称的对称轴处，使得对置的电池固定支架的连接孔处于对齐的位置，能够使用螺钉、螺栓、螺柱等进行紧固；在连接孔没有内螺纹的情况下，可以用攻丝螺钉固定。如图示示例中，连接孔形成在第一卡柱中。通过螺栓能够穿过连接孔将上、下盖组件固定在一起。为了将对置的电池固定支架进一步固定，还可以在电池固定支架10的侧边上对置地形成有连接部16。在图示实施方式中，连接部16优选为位于第二卡柱的外侧上的连接孔。
在组装好电池组后，可以通过条形件将并排拼装或上下对置的电池固定支架连接在一起。当拼装或叠置更多的电池组时，加长的条形件可以连接多个连接部。所属领域的技术人员可以想到其它形式的连接部，例如但不限于凹槽等，在此不再赘述。
图3和图4分别示出了根据本发明的另一实施方式的3*3电池固定支架20的平面和立体示意图。
如图中所示，图示电池固定支架20整体上具有长方形的形状，并且具有镜像对称的结构。该电池固定支架20可以具有3*4个电池卡柱25，包括两个位于基底21中间的第一卡柱25a、六个位于基底21的边缘处的第二卡柱25b及四个位于基底21的角落处的第三卡柱25c。这些电池卡柱25可以呈矩阵均布，并且能够围出2*3个呈矩阵均布的电池容置槽。与图1和图2中的实施方式类似地，在第二卡柱25b中可以形成有连接部26；在第一卡柱25a上形成有凸台25a1和防转结构25a2；在第一卡柱25a中心处还形成有连接孔24。该实施方式的电池固定支架20中同样设置有通孔22、卡条23a和卡槽23b等。基于图1和图2中的实施方式对各特征的描述同样适于图3和图4中的电池固定支架，并且相应特征的尺寸一致，所以在此不再重述。
图1和图2中的电池固定支架10与图3和图4中的电池固定支架20也 可以拼接。电池固定支架10的侧边与电池固定支架20的较短的侧边尺寸相同并且结构匹配，在拼接时，只需要将电池固定支架10的侧边与电池固定支架20的较短的侧边对接。可以了解，考虑到2和3为最小的质数，所以，通过2*2电池固定支架10和2*3电池固定支架20，能够实现m*n各种矩阵排列的电池容置槽，其中m和n为大于等于2的整数。
图5和图6分别示出根据本发明的一种实施方式的电池组的分解示意图及俯视示意图。
如图中所示，电池组可以包括分别由八个电池固定支架10和四个电池固定支架20构成的上盖组合1和下盖组合2，上盖组合1和所下盖组合2对置并且通过将螺钉6在连接孔中固定。上盖组合1和下盖组合2的侧边处也可以用条形件(未图示)连接来增强稳定性。在上盖组合1和下盖组合2之间布置有电池3，电池3的极端分别容置于上盖组合1和下盖组合2的电池容置槽内，在电池3与上盖组合1之间以及电池3与下盖组合2之间均布置有载流片4，电池3的电极可以焊接至载流片4；并且在上盖组合1上贴置有绝缘片5。
绝缘片5也可以设置成具有与电池固定支架相同的尺寸。如图所示，每个绝缘片的形状和面积与相应的电池固定支架一致，例如2*2和2*3的尺寸。这样，依据电池固定支架的拼接形式，可以相应地贴置绝缘片5，提高了灵活性。
现在以26650圆柱电池组成储能系统的电池组为示例来描述电池组的组成方法。由图5可知电池组主要包括上盖组件1、下盖组合2、电池3、载流片(例如铜镍复合片)4、绝缘片5、固定螺丝6。上盖组件1和下盖组合2分别由相应数量的2*2固定支架10和2*3固定支架20等组成，具体的电池固定支架数量依据系统容量而定。电池固定支架可以用塑胶材料制成。
参看图5和图6，在组装电池组时，上盖组合1和下盖组合2先行通过2*2固定支架10和3*3固定支架20组合卡合组装形成整体框架，然后在下盖组合2中放置载流片4，再依次放置电池3，这样电池3和下盖组合2及载流片4一起形成新的整体，然后再装入有载流片4的上盖组合1，最后用螺丝6将上盖组合1和下盖组合2锁附固定，放入焊接设备中点焊，使电池3的极端与载流片4焊接在一起，确认OK后贴上绝缘片1，从而形成最终的电池组。另外，为了电池组组装后的稳定性，还可以用连接条连接并将上盖组合和下盖组合的边缘处 的相应的连接部相对固定。依照这种方式，可以将更多组装的电池组叠置起来。
在现有技术的电池组中，电池固定支架主要采用非组装式的上盖和下盖来组合电池，然后通过镍片焊接固定，中间没有螺栓固定，移动过程中有破坏焊点的风险；另外，现有技术中的电池组设计完成后，到焊接时需要专业的夹具固定。本发明可以在不降低设计要求下，使其方便快捷的组成不同容量的储能系统，并且电池组的载流片(例如镍片、铜镍复合片)在电池固定支架构成的壳体里面，并用螺丝锁附后形成一个整体，因此焊接时不需要额外的固定夹具。
本发明的技术范围不仅仅局限于上述说明中的内容，本领域技术人员可以在不脱离本发明技术思想的前提下，对上述实施方式进行多种变形和修改，而这些变形和修改均应当属于本发明的范围内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种电池固定支架(10，20)，其特征在于，所述电池固定支架(10，20)的基底(11，21)呈矩形，在所述基底(11，21)上限定有电池容置槽，所述电池容置槽在所述基底上呈矩阵的形式均布，并且每个电池容置槽的槽底处形成有稍小于电池端面的通孔(12，22)；
    在所述电池固定支架(10，20)的侧边上一体地形成有靠近其四个角的卡条(13a，23a)和卡槽(13b，23b)，所述卡条(13a，23a)和所述卡槽(13b，23b)具有匹配的形状，并且所述卡条(13a，23a)和所述卡槽(13b，23b)沿所述电池固定支架(10，20)的周向交替地布置；并且
    在所述电池固定支架(10，20)的中部设置有垂直贯穿的连接孔(14，24)。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电池固定支架(10，20)，其中，所述矩阵为2*2的矩阵或者2*3的矩阵。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的电池固定支架(10，20)，其中，在所述电池固定支架(10，20)的同一侧边上的卡条(13a，23a)和卡槽(13b，23b)处于不同高度位置。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的电池固定支架(10，20)，其中，所述卡条(13a，23a)和所述卡槽(13b，23b)呈燕尾形。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的电池固定支架(10，20)，其中，在所述电池固定支架(10，20)的对置的侧边上形成有对应的连接部(16，26)。
  6. 如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的电池固定支架(10，20)，其中，所述电池容置槽由呈矩阵的形式均布的电池卡柱(15，25)限定，并且每四个相邻的电池卡柱(15，25)限定一个电池容置槽。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的电池固定支架(10，20)，其中，所述电池卡柱(15，25)的朝向所述电池容置槽的侧面与电池的侧面形状一致。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的电池固定支架(10，20)，其中，所述电池呈圆柱状，所述电池卡柱(15，25)的朝向所述电池容置槽的侧面呈弧形。
  9. 如权利要求6所述的电池固定支架(10，20)，其中，所述电池卡柱(15，25)包括：
    位于所述基底的中间位置的第一卡柱(15a，25a)，所述第一卡柱(15a，25a)位于四个相邻的电池容置槽之间，所述连接孔(14，24)位于所述第一卡柱(15a，25a)中；
    位于所述基底(11，21)的边缘位置的第二卡柱(15b，25b)，所述第二卡柱(15b，25b)呈所述第一卡柱(15a，25a)的半部的形状；以及
    位于所述基底(11，21)的四个角处的第三卡柱(15c，25c)，所述第三卡柱(15c，25c)呈所述第一卡柱(15a，25a)的1/4部的形状，所述卡条(13a，23a)和所述卡槽(13b，23b)位于所述第三卡柱(15c，25c)处。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的电池固定支架(10，20)，其中，在所述第一卡柱(15a，25a)的顶端形成凸台(15a1，25a1)，在所述凸台(15a1，25a1)上具有防转结构(15a2，25a2)。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的电池固定支架(10，20)，其中，所述防转结构(15a2，25a2)为扇形或扇环形的凸起部。
  12. 如权利要求9所述的电池固定支架(10，20)，其中，在所述第二卡柱(15b，25b)的外侧上形成有连接部(16，26)。
  13. 一种电池组，其特征在于，所述电池组包括由前述权利要求1至12中任一项所述的电池固定支架(10，20)构成的上盖组合(1)和下盖组合(2)，所述上盖组合(1)和所下盖组合(2)对置并且通过所述连接孔(14，24)中的螺钉(6)固定；
    在所述上盖组合(1)和所述下盖组合(2)之间布置有电池(3)，所述电池(3)的极端分别容置于所述上盖组合(1)和所述下盖组合(2)的电池容置槽内，在所述电池(3)与所述上盖组合(1)之间以及所述电池(3)与所述下盖组合(2)之间布置有载流片(4)，所述电池(3)的电极焊接至所述载流片(4)；并且在所述上盖组合(1)上贴置有绝缘片(5)。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的电池组，其中，每个所述载流片(4)及每个所述绝缘片(5)的形状和面积与相应的所述电池固定支架(10，20)一致。
  15. 如权利要求13所述的电池组，其中，所述电池组具有连接条，所述连接条连接并将所述上盖组合(1)和所述下盖组合(2)的边缘处的相应的连接部(16，26)相对固定。
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