WO2018047274A1 - Dispositif d'excitation de moteur, ventilateur électrique et aspirateur électrique - Google Patents

Dispositif d'excitation de moteur, ventilateur électrique et aspirateur électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018047274A1
WO2018047274A1 PCT/JP2016/076452 JP2016076452W WO2018047274A1 WO 2018047274 A1 WO2018047274 A1 WO 2018047274A1 JP 2016076452 W JP2016076452 W JP 2016076452W WO 2018047274 A1 WO2018047274 A1 WO 2018047274A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
motor
semiconductor element
inverter
voltage
drive device
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PCT/JP2016/076452
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
裕次 ▲高▼山
有澤 浩一
酒井 顕
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三菱電機株式会社
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Priority to PCT/JP2016/076452 priority Critical patent/WO2018047274A1/fr
Priority to JP2018537933A priority patent/JP6889166B2/ja
Publication of WO2018047274A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018047274A1/fr

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/06Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
    • H02P27/08Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a motor drive device, an electric blower including the motor drive device, and a vacuum cleaner.
  • Single-phase inverters may be used in products that require high-speed rotation and downsizing, such as vacuum cleaners and hand dryers.
  • a single-phase inverter can generally drive a motor by controlling the current polarity according to the switching of the rotor magnetic poles. In this case, the motor iron loss is caused by superimposing harmonic components on the current. Increases and efficiency decreases.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency motor driving device suitable for products that require high-speed rotation and downsizing.
  • the present invention is a motor driving device for driving a single-phase motor driven by single-phase alternating current with electric power applied from a storage battery, and includes an inverter for driving the single-phase motor.
  • the inverter includes a first semiconductor element and a second semiconductor element connected in series, and a third semiconductor element and a fourth semiconductor element connected in series. The first semiconductor element and the second semiconductor element, and the third semiconductor element and the fourth semiconductor element are connected in parallel.
  • the single phase motor is connected between the first semiconductor element and the second semiconductor element and between the third semiconductor element and the fourth semiconductor element. The pulse width of the voltage applied to the single phase motor becomes wider as the voltage of the storage battery becomes lower.
  • the efficiency is improved by controlling the current in a sine wave shape in the low speed region, and the switching loss is reduced by reducing the number of pulses in the high speed region, thereby improving the efficiency. Is possible.
  • the energy saving of the product is improved, and the operation time can be extended if the product uses a battery as a power source.
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram illustrating a configuration for generating a drive signal in the drive signal generation unit of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram showing an output example of a voltage command value Vm *, inverter drive signals Q1 to Q4, and an output voltage Vm. It is a wave form diagram which shows an inverter output voltage in case a modulation factor is 1.
  • FIG. It is a wave form diagram which shows an inverter output voltage in case a modulation factor is 1.2.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a motor drive device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the motor drive device 1 is connected to a power source 10 that is a storage battery and a motor 12, and is an inverter 11 that drives the motor 12 by power applied from the power source 10 that is a storage battery, and a motor that is an alternating current that flows through the motor 12.
  • a current detector 20 for detecting a current; a rotation detector 21 for detecting the rotational position of the rotor of the motor 12; a power supply voltage detecting means 22 for detecting a voltage applied from the power supply 10; a motor current and a rotor rotational position;
  • the control part 15 which controls the inverter 11 based on is provided.
  • the control unit 15 includes an analog / digital converter 30, a processor 31, and a drive signal generation unit 32.
  • the control unit 15 of the inverter 11 generates an analog signal that drives the motor 12 based on the detection results of the current detection unit 20 that detects the motor current and the rotation detection unit 21 that detects the rotor rotation position.
  • the analog signal detected by the current detector 20 is converted into a digital signal by the analog / digital converter 30 and read by the processor 31.
  • the processor 31 drives the motor 12 based on the digital signal read from the analog / digital converter 30, the rotor rotational position detected by the rotation detection unit 21, and the power supply voltage detected by the power supply voltage detection means 22.
  • a drive signal is generated and output to the inverter 11.
  • the inverter 11 drives the motor 12 based on the drive signal output from the drive signal generator 32.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a circuit configuration example of the inverter according to the embodiment. As an example, a circuit configuration of a single-phase inverter using four semiconductor elements is shown.
  • the inverter 11 includes a plurality of semiconductor elements 51 to 54 that constitute upper and lower arms, and the first semiconductor element 51 and the second semiconductor element 52 include a positive power supply wiring 50P and a negative power supply.
  • the wiring 50N is connected in series.
  • the positive power supply wiring is a wiring connected to the positive electrode of the power supply 10
  • the negative power supply wiring is a wiring connected to the negative electrode of the power supply 10.
  • the third semiconductor element 53 and the fourth semiconductor element 54 are connected in series between the positive power supply wiring 50P and the negative power supply wiring 50N.
  • the third semiconductor element 53 and the fourth semiconductor element 54 connected in series are connected in parallel.
  • the first semiconductor element 51 corresponds to the first upper arm
  • the second semiconductor element 52 corresponds to the first lower arm.
  • the third semiconductor element 53 corresponds to the second upper arm
  • the fourth semiconductor element 54 corresponds to the second lower arm.
  • the semiconductor elements 51 to 54 are on / off controlled based on the drive signal output from the drive signal generator 32 of the controller 15.
  • the semiconductor elements 51 to 54 are MOSFETs, and include semiconductor switching elements 51a to 54a and body diodes 51b to 54b connected in reverse parallel to the semiconductor switching elements 51a to 54a.
  • the first semiconductor element 51 includes a first semiconductor switching element 51a and a first body diode 51b
  • the second semiconductor element 52 includes a second semiconductor switching element 52a and a second body diode 52b
  • the third semiconductor element 53 includes a third semiconductor switching element 53a and a third body diode 53b
  • the fourth semiconductor element 54 includes a fourth semiconductor switching element 54a and a fourth body diode 54b.
  • the inverter 11 is composed of at least four elements necessary for driving a single-phase motor. Thus, miniaturization and weight reduction can be achieved by reducing the number of elements as much as possible. When performing unipolar modulation, positive, zero, and negative voltages can be output to the motor side.
  • the switching element in the semiconductor element is illustrated as a MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor).
  • MOSFET Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor
  • IGBTs Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors
  • the semiconductor switching element such as can also be implemented.
  • PWM control Pulse Width Modulation
  • PWM control is a modulation method that modulates by changing the width of the output voltage pulse, and is generally used when driving a three-phase motor. In this embodiment, PWM control is performed on a single-phase motor. How to do will be described.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration for generating a drive signal in the drive signal generator 32 of FIG.
  • the inverter 11 is generally a semiconductor element provided in the inverter 11 by comparing the triangular wave carrier voltage value Vc with the voltage command value Vm * for controlling the output voltage of the inverter 11 in the drive signal generator 32 inside the controller. Signals for driving 51 to 54 are generated.
  • the drive signal generation unit 32 includes a multiplication circuit 34, comparators 35 and 36, and inversion circuits 37 and 38.
  • the multiplication circuit 34 inverts the sign of the voltage command value Vm * by multiplying the voltage command value Vm * that controls the output voltage of the inverter 11 by -1.
  • the comparator 35 compares the voltage command value Vm * with the voltage value Vc of the carrier signal, and outputs inverter drive signals Q1 and Q2.
  • the comparator 36 compares the inverted value of the voltage command value Vm * output from the multiplication circuit 34 with the voltage value Vc of the carrier signal, and outputs inverter drive signals Q3 and Q4.
  • Inversion circuits 37 and 38 invert the signs of inverter drive signals Q1 and Q3 output from comparators 35 and 36, respectively.
  • the inverter drive signals Q1 to Q4 are signals for controlling on / off of the semiconductor elements 51 to 54.
  • FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram showing an output example of the voltage command value Vm *, the inverter drive signals Q1 to Q4, and the output voltage Vm.
  • a voltage command value Vm *, an inversion value ⁇ Vm *, inverter drive signals Q1 to Q4, and a motor output voltage Vm are shown in order from the top.
  • the inverter drive signals Q1 to Q4 being controlled as shown in FIG. 4, the voltage Vm applied to the motor 12 is controlled to three values: a positive output voltage + Vo, an output voltage 0, and a negative output voltage ⁇ Vo. (Unipolar control).
  • FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram showing the inverter output voltage when the modulation factor is 1.
  • FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram showing the inverter output voltage when the modulation factor is 1.2.
  • FIG. 7 is a waveform diagram showing the inverter output voltage when the modulation factor is 2.
  • the ratio of the amplitude of the inverter voltage command Vm * and the triangular wave carrier voltage value Vc is taken as the modulation rate.
  • this modulation factor is 1 or less, inverter drive signals Q1 to Q4 are generated according to the frequency of the triangular wave carrier Vc, so that the inverter output voltage Vm, which is the voltage applied to the motor 12, as shown in FIG. Also, a voltage pulse corresponding to the carrier frequency is output.
  • the modulation rate exceeds 1 (hereinafter referred to as an overmodulation region)
  • a section where the inverter voltage command value Vm * exceeds the amplitude of the triangular wave carrier voltage value Vc occurs as shown in FIGS. To do.
  • the inverter drive signal corresponding to the frequency of the triangular wave carrier is not generated, and the inverter output voltage is fixed to the positive output voltage + Vo or the negative output voltage ⁇ Vo. A voltage can be obtained.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a current path flowing through the motor by the voltage pulse output from the inverter.
  • a positive voltage pulse is output from the drive signal generator 32 to the inverter 11
  • a current flows through the motor 12 through a current path that passes through the semiconductor switching elements 51a and 54a shown in FIG.
  • the current path passes through the semiconductor switching elements 52a and 54a or the current path passes through the semiconductor switching elements 51a and 53a shown in FIG. 8B or 8D.
  • a current flows through the motor 12. This is a mode in which current does not flow from the power source side, and current flows back between the motor and the inverter.
  • MOSFET the semiconductor element provided in the inverter
  • the semiconductor switching element that is a MOSFET without passing through the body diode when refluxing between the inverter and the motor.
  • control is performed to turn on the element to be recirculated in accordance with recirculation (FIG. 8B).
  • FIG. 8 (d) MOSFETs can reduce conduction loss by flowing a current to the FET side rather than conducting to a body diode. Therefore, by reducing the semiconductor element to a MOSFET, the loss at reflux is reduced. It becomes possible.
  • a wide band gap semiconductor may be used as the semiconductor switching element.
  • the semiconductor switching element is a wide band gap semiconductor (for example, SiC)
  • the on-resistance is smaller than that of silicon semiconductor (Si), and heat generation can be further suppressed.
  • the loss of the semiconductor element is determined from the total value of the conduction loss that occurs when current flows through the semiconductor element and the switching loss that occurs when the semiconductor switches.
  • a semiconductor element generates heat due to an increase in the loss due to an increase in current.
  • a heat sink is attached, the heat radiation performance can be improved, but the installation space for attaching the heat sink increases, so that it is difficult to apply to a small product. Further, since the weight of the heat sink is increased, it is difficult to apply to a product that is required to be reduced in weight.
  • a further heat dissipating effect can be obtained by installing the substrate in the air path.
  • a device that generates an air flow such as an electric blower
  • the semiconductor element on the substrate is radiated by the wind generated by the electric blower, so that the temperature rise of the semiconductor element can be significantly suppressed.
  • an electric blower is mounted on a vacuum cleaner or a hand dryer, which will be described later with reference to FIGS.
  • the heat of the semiconductor element can be released only by the heat radiation to the substrate and the heat radiation to the air, and the device can be configured without a heat sink to realize a small and light product.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the relationship of the modulation rate to the rotation speed.
  • the load torque of the rotating body increases, so it is necessary to increase the motor output torque.
  • the motor output torque increases in proportion to the motor current, and the increase in the motor current requires an increase in the output voltage of the inverter. Therefore, it is possible to increase the rotation speed without difficulty by increasing the modulation rate and increasing the inverter output voltage.
  • the motor is controlled so that the modulation rate is greater than 1 at a rotation speed of 100,000 rpm or more.
  • the number of switching operations performed by the semiconductor elements in the inverter is reduced while increasing the output voltage of the inverter by increasing the modulation rate above 1.
  • an increase in switching loss can be suppressed.
  • the modulation factor exceeds 1, the motor output voltage increases, but the number of switching times decreases, so there is a concern about distortion of the motor current.
  • the amount of change (di / dt) per hour of the current flowing through the motor decreases.
  • a low speed region for example, 0 to 70,000 rpm
  • the modulation rate to 1 or less
  • the current is controlled to be a sine wave, and the motor efficiency is improved.
  • the carrier frequency matched to the high speed region is adopted, and therefore the number of PWM pulses tends to be more than necessary in the low speed region. Therefore, in the low speed region, a technique of reducing the switching loss by using a carrier frequency lower than the carrier frequency used in the high speed region may be adopted. Further, by changing the carrier frequency in accordance with the change in the rotation speed, the number of pulses per electrical angle cycle may not change even if the rotation speed changes.
  • the voltage pulse of the inverter output voltage is determined by comparing the triangular wave carrier voltage value Vc with the voltage command value Vm *.
  • the frequency of the voltage command value Vm * also increases, and the number of voltage pulses output during one electrical angle period decreases, so that the influence of the output voltage pulse on the distortion of the current waveform also increases.
  • the number of output voltage pulses is controlled to be an odd number during the electrical angle half cycle.
  • a sine wave can be controlled by putting voltage pulses five times or more in an electrical angle half cycle. Therefore, it is preferable to perform control so that the number of pulses when performing sine wave PWM control is 5, and in overmodulation control, the voltage pulse output from the inverter is 5 or less.
  • the output voltage of the power supply 10 that is a storage battery
  • the modulation rate is increased and the pulse width of the output voltage pulse is increased.
  • the inverter output voltage is increased, that is, the pulse width of the output voltage pulse is widened as the voltage of the power supply 10 becomes lower, thereby suppressing the decrease in the output voltage, suppressing the decrease in the rotational speed, and increasing or maintaining the rotational speed. The number of rotations can be maintained without difficulty.
  • the modulation method used when generating the inverter drive signal includes bipolar modulation that outputs voltage pulses to both positive and negative potentials, and voltage pulses with positive / zero and negative / zero at every half electrical angle cycle. Output unipolar modulation is known.
  • the motor voltage is output at two levels of -V and + V, whereas in unipolar modulation, it is output at three levels of -V, 0, and + V.
  • pulses are generated at 2 levels for bipolar modulation and 3 levels for unipolar modulation, so unipolar modulation is smaller when compared with current di / dt. Become. Therefore, the harmonic content at the time of switching is smaller in unipolar modulation. Therefore, in the present embodiment, control is performed using unipolar modulation, which can be controlled to a sine wave with a lower harmonic content.
  • the motor drive device 1 drives a single-phase motor 12 that is driven by a single-phase alternating current.
  • the motor drive device 1 includes an inverter 11 that drives a single-phase motor 12 and a control unit 15 that controls the inverter 11.
  • the inverter 11 includes a first upper arm 51 and a first lower arm 52 connected in series between the positive power supply wiring 50P and the negative power supply wiring 50N, and in series between the positive power supply wiring 50P and the negative power supply wiring 50N.
  • a second upper arm 53 and a second lower arm 54 connected to each other are included.
  • the single-phase motor 12 is connected between a first connection point between the first upper arm 51 and the first lower arm 52 and a second connection point between the second upper arm 53 and the second lower arm 54. .
  • the control unit 15 controls the inverter so as to output a voltage pulse to the single-phase motor so that the pulse width becomes wider as it is closer to the center in the electrical angle half cycle.
  • the first upper arm 51, the first lower arm 52, the second upper arm 53, and the second lower arm 54 are respectively composed of the semiconductor switching elements 51a to 54a and the body diode 51b connected to the semiconductor switching elements 51a to 54a in antiparallel. To 54b.
  • the control unit 15 makes the semiconductor elements of the first upper arm 51 and the second upper arm 53 conductive at the same time, or makes the semiconductor elements of the first lower arm 52 and the second lower arm 54 simultaneously. Energize to reduce body diode flow time.
  • control unit 15 controls the inverter 11 such that an odd number of voltage pulses is generated in the inverter 11 during an electrical angle half cycle.
  • odd-order harmonics can be prevented from being superimposed, and the symmetry of the positive and negative waveforms is not easily lost, and a sine wave current is likely to be generated.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a vacuum cleaner to which the motor drive device of the embodiment is applied.
  • the vacuum cleaner 61 includes an extension pipe 62, a suction port 63, an electric blower 64, a dust collection chamber 65, an operation unit 66, a power supply 10 that is a storage battery, and a sensor 68.
  • the electric blower 64 includes the motor drive device 1 described in the embodiment.
  • the vacuum cleaner 61 drives the electric blower 64 by the power supply 10 that is a storage battery, performs suction from the suction port body 63, and sucks dust into the dust collection chamber 65 through the extension pipe 62. In use, the operation unit 66 is held and the electric vacuum cleaner 61 is operated.
  • the motor-driven rotation speed range is wide. Therefore, as shown in the present embodiment, the motor is driven exceeding a modulation factor of 1 in the high rotation speed region. By doing so, it is possible to reduce the switching loss in the high rotation speed region. In addition, since the drive can be performed with high efficiency, it is possible to expect a longer operation time, and it is possible to contribute to a reduction in size and weight by reducing heat radiation components.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a hand dryer to which the motor drive device of the embodiment is applied.
  • the hand dryer shown in FIG. 11 includes a casing 71, a hand detection sensor 72, a water receiver 73, a drain container 74, a cover 76, a sensor 77, and an intake port 78.
  • the sensor 77 is either a gyro sensor or a human sensor.
  • the hand dryer has an electric blower (not shown) in the casing 71.
  • the hand dryer has a structure in which water is blown off by blowing with an electric blower by inserting a hand into the hand insertion portion 79 at the top of the water receiving portion 73 and water is accumulated from the water receiving portion 73 to the drain container 74. Yes.
  • the motor-driven rotation speed range is wide, as shown in the present embodiment, the motor is driven at a modulation rate exceeding 1 in the high rotation speed region.
  • the switching loss in the high rotation speed region since high-efficiency driving is possible, reduction of power consumption can be expected, and reduction of heat dissipation parts can contribute to reduction in size and weight. If it is small, restrictions on the installation location are eliminated, and the application range can be expanded.
  • the electric blower described in the present embodiment is described as being mounted on a vacuum cleaner and a hand dryer, it is not limited to a vacuum cleaner, but a hand dryer, an incinerator, a pulverizer, a dryer, a dust collector, a printing machine , Products equipped with electric blowers such as cleaning machines, confectionery machines, tea making machines, woodworking machines, plastic extruders, cardboard machines, packaging machines, hot air generators, object transportation, dust collection, general air supply / exhaust air, OA equipment, etc. If there is, it is not limited to this.
  • 1 motor drive device 10 power supply, 11 inverter, 12 motor, 15 control unit, 20 current detection unit, 21 rotation detection unit, 30 digital converter, 31 processor, 32 drive signal generation unit, 34 multiplication circuit, 35, 36 comparator 37, 38 Inversion circuit, 50N negative power supply wiring, 50P positive power supply wiring, 51, 52, 53, 54 semiconductor element, 61 vacuum cleaner, 62 extension pipe, 63 suction port, 64 electric blower, 65 dust collection chamber, 66 operation part, 68, 77 sensor, 71 casing, 72 hand detection sensor, 73 water receiving part, 74 drain container, 76 cover, 78 inlet, 79 hand insertion part.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif d'excitation de moteur qui excite un moteur monophasé (12) à l'aide de l'énergie appliquée par une alimentation électrique (10) qui est une batterie de stockage, ledit moteur monophasé (12) étant excité par un courant alternatif monophasé. Le dispositif d'excitation de moteur est pourvu d'un onduleur (11) pour exciter le moteur monophasé (12), ledit onduleur (11) rendant la largeur d'impulsion d'une impulsion de tension de sortie plus large tandis que la tension de l'alimentation électrique (10) diminue, ce qui permet de supprimer l'abaissement de la tension de sortie et de supprimer l'abaissement du nombre de rotations pour effectuer facilement l'augmentation du nombre de rotations ou le maintien d'un nombre constant de rotations.
PCT/JP2016/076452 2016-09-08 2016-09-08 Dispositif d'excitation de moteur, ventilateur électrique et aspirateur électrique WO2018047274A1 (fr)

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PCT/JP2016/076452 WO2018047274A1 (fr) 2016-09-08 2016-09-08 Dispositif d'excitation de moteur, ventilateur électrique et aspirateur électrique
JP2018537933A JP6889166B2 (ja) 2016-09-08 2016-09-08 モータ駆動装置、電動送風機、および電気掃除機

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WO2019180972A1 (fr) * 2018-03-23 2019-09-26 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif d'entraînement de moteur, ventilateur électrique, aspirateur. et sèche-mains
WO2019180967A1 (fr) * 2018-03-23 2019-09-26 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif d'entraînement de moteur, aspirateur électrique, et sèche-mains
JP6616055B1 (ja) * 2019-03-28 2019-12-04 三菱電機株式会社 モータ駆動装置、電気掃除機及び手乾燥機
JP6739691B1 (ja) * 2019-08-23 2020-08-12 三菱電機株式会社 モータ駆動装置、電動送風機、電気掃除機及びハンドドライヤ
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CN111869095A (zh) * 2018-03-23 2020-10-30 三菱电机株式会社 电动机驱动装置、电动送风机、电动吸尘器及干手器
WO2019180967A1 (fr) * 2018-03-23 2019-09-26 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif d'entraînement de moteur, aspirateur électrique, et sèche-mains
JPWO2019180967A1 (ja) * 2018-03-23 2020-12-03 三菱電機株式会社 モータ駆動装置、電気掃除機及び手乾燥機
CN111869098A (zh) * 2018-03-23 2020-10-30 三菱电机株式会社 马达驱动装置、电动送风机、吸尘器以及干手器
WO2019180972A1 (fr) * 2018-03-23 2019-09-26 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif d'entraînement de moteur, ventilateur électrique, aspirateur. et sèche-mains
WO2020194754A1 (fr) * 2019-03-28 2020-10-01 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif d'entraînement de moteur, aspirateur électrique, et sèche-mains
CN113574794A (zh) * 2019-03-28 2021-10-29 三菱电机株式会社 马达驱动装置、电动吸尘器以及干手器
EP3952104A4 (fr) * 2019-03-28 2022-03-30 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Dispositif d'entraînement de moteur, aspirateur électrique, et sèche-mains
JP6616055B1 (ja) * 2019-03-28 2019-12-04 三菱電機株式会社 モータ駆動装置、電気掃除機及び手乾燥機
JP6739691B1 (ja) * 2019-08-23 2020-08-12 三菱電機株式会社 モータ駆動装置、電動送風機、電気掃除機及びハンドドライヤ

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