Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
  • B29C45/14778—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the article consisting of a material with particular properties, e.g. porous, brittle
  • B29C45/14811—Multilayered articles
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
  • B29C45/14827—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles using a transfer foil detachable from the insert
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
  • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
  • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
  • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
  • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
  • B32B15/085—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
  • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
  • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
  • B32B15/09—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
  • B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
  • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
  • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
  • B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
  • B32B27/283—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polysiloxanes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
  • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
  • B32B27/302—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising aromatic vinyl (co)polymers, e.g. styrenic (co)polymers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
  • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
  • B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
  • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
  • B32B27/308—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising acrylic (co)polymers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
  • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
  • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
  • B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
  • B32B37/02—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by a sequence of laminating steps, e.g. by adding new layers at consecutive laminating stations
  • B32B37/025—Transfer laminating
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
  • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
  • B32B7/06—Interconnection of layers permitting easy separation
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
  • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
  • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
  • B29K2995/0037—Other properties
  • B29K2995/0089—Impact strength or toughness
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
  • B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
  • B32B37/24—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer not being coherent before laminating, e.g. made up from granular material sprinkled onto a substrate
  • B32B2037/243—Coating
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
  • B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
  • B32B37/26—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer which influences the bonding during the lamination process, e.g. release layers or pressure equalising layers
  • B32B2037/268—Release layers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
  • B32B2255/24—Organic non-macromolecular coating
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
  • B32B2255/26—Polymeric coating
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
  • B32B2255/28—Multiple coating on one surface
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2305/38—Meshes, lattices or nets
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
  • B32B2307/402—Coloured
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
  • B32B2307/402—Coloured
  • B32B2307/4026—Coloured within the layer by addition of a colorant, e.g. pigments, dyes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
  • B32B2307/406—Bright, glossy, shiny surface
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
  • B32B2307/41—Opaque
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
  • B32B2307/412—Transparent
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
  • B32B2307/414—Translucent
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
  • B32B2307/418—Refractive
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
  • B32B2307/54—Yield strength; Tensile strength
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/70—Other properties
  • B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/70—Other properties
  • B32B2307/748—Releasability
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2451/00—Decorative or ornamental articles

Definitions

• the invention relates to a transfer film, to a method for producing a transfer film, and to a use of a transfer film and to a method for coating a component.
• Decorative films for decoration are known from the prior art, whereby different methods are used.
• the decorative films are formed as transfer films which comprise a carrier film and a transfer layer detachable from the carrier film.
• IMD In Mold Decoration
• a transfer foil is placed in an injection mold and back-injected.
• the carrier film absorbs tensile forces, which in the deformation of the transfer film when applied to the contour of the tool surface, in particular in large
• the carrier film thus serves as
• a transfer film is applied to a particularly flat, flat substrate. Subsequently, the carrier film is peeled off. During the subsequent deep-drawing of the substrate coated with the transfer layers between the two tool halves of a deep-drawing tool, the applied transfer layers must absorb the tensile forces of the deformation.
• a transfer film is placed on an already deformed part and hot-stamped.
• the transfer film is applied and adapted in particular by means of a vacuum suction and a preheating to the contour of the deformed part before hot embossing and then hot stamped with a correspondingly shaped and heated die.
• the carrier film absorbs tensile forces as in the IMD process and is intended to transfer the coating layers to be transferred during the IMD process
• the invention relates to a transfer film comprising a carrier film and a transfer layer detachable from the carrier layer, the transfer film being provided for transferring the transfer layer to components, in particular to three-dimensional ones, and proposing that a thermoforming membrane be arranged between the carrier film and the transfer layer ,
• thermoforming membrane in particular a transfer film according to the invention, comprising a carrier film, a transfer layer detachable from the carrier film and a thermoforming membrane arranged between the carrier film and the transfer layer, wherein the thermoforming membrane is produced or applied by means of casting or screen printing, gravure printing, flexographic printing or inkjet printing or inkjet printing ,
• a method for coating a component by means of a transfer film according to the invention is specified.
• the thermoforming membrane has the advantage that it is able to absorb tensile forces and thereby act as a deformation aid for the transfer layer. It further protects the transfer layer during deformation from cracks and other damage.
• a three-dimensional component is understood to mean in particular a component which is deformed in three dimensions, that is to say in a length, width and height extent, for example a housing of a device.
• the deep-drawing membrane is designed as a lacquer layer with a layer thickness in the range from 10 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, preferably in the range from 20 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably in the range from 25 ⁇ m to 75 ⁇ m.
• Thermoforming membrane is made of polyurethane.
• the polyurethane can be solvent-based or an aqueous dispersion.
• the polyurethane must be sufficiently deformable and may be composed of different polymers. These include polyurethanes of e.g. Polyester polyols, polyether polyols, polycarbonate polyols, polyacrylate polyols and combinations of these polymers. Polyurethane can preferably be used from polyester polyols. These polymers form the basis for
• thermoforming membrane Paint formulations from which the thermoforming membrane is made.
• these layers can preferably by casting, for example by means of application with a slot die, or by screen printing, gravure, flexographic or
• Manufacturing methods may be used in one or more consecutive passes. Furthermore, a combination of the individual methods is basically possible.
• the first applied layer in particular lacquer layer at least partially
• the layer is at least surface dry. However, in particular, it is also possible for the layer to dry through.
• a subsequent layer is applied, the following layer preferably dissolving the previously applied layer at least superficially so that both layers together form a homogeneous overall layer.
• the procedure is preferably repeated several times so that all successive layers together form a homogeneous overall layer.
• a layer in one pass, a layer, in particular a lacquer layer with a layer thickness in the range from about 0.1 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, preferably in the range from 0.1 ⁇ m to 35 ⁇ m, more preferably in the range from 1 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m Applied ⁇ .
• the Tiefziehnnennbran can be transparent, translucent or opaque and be colorless or colored. An at least partial opacity and / or colouration facilitates the recognizability of the presence of the
• Thermoforming mandrel on the decorated substrate or component if the deep-drawing membrane remains on the substrate or component as an additional protective layer for a relatively long time, such visual recognition can be helpful.
• This protective layer for example, so long on the
• Substrate or component remain until it is finally installed and / or transported to a destination and has fulfilled its function as a protective layer against damage.
• thermoforming membrane has a decor, e.g. a pattern or motif, such as a logo or lettering.
• the lettering can, for example, a manufacturer or a manufacturer
• thermoforming membrane Use instructions for the thermoforming membrane and / or for the substrate or component included.
• the decor or motif may in particular be printed on the thermoforming membrane.
• the thermoforming membrane For example, it is possible in a first casting process the
• the decor or motif may be made of the same material as the thermoforming membrane or of other materials, such as PVC or another polyurethane than the
• thermoforming membrane can be provided over the entire surface, that is to say over the entire surface of the transfer film, or alternatively only in certain areas be provided. It is for example possible to provide the deep-drawing membrane only in the surface areas in which particularly strong deformations occur during the processing of the transfer film and, for example, in
• thermoforming membrane in a particularly narrow edge region of the transfer film in order to prevent the thermoforming membrane
• thermoforming membrane on this now visually recognizable and tactile accessible edge easier to deduct.
• thermoforming membrane can also have a handling aid for easier removal at its edge, for example, at least one tab or the like.
• thermoforming membrane in a
• Deep drawing temperature in the range of 130 ° C to 160 ° C by 200%, preferably formed by 500% to 1500% overstretchable.
• the values were determined in standardized tensile tests (DIN 53504, ISO 37) using the Zwick Z005 testing device from Zwick GmbH & Co. KG, Ulm.
• thermoforming membrane a first release layer is arranged and that between the thermoforming membrane and the transfer layer, a second release layer is arranged.
• the first and / or the second release layer have or have a layer thickness of less than 1 ⁇ m, in particular less than 0.1 ⁇ m.
• Deep-drawing membrane arranged first release layer by a factor of 5 to 10 is smaller than the detachment force of the thermoforming membrane of the transfer layer due to the arranged between the thermoforming membrane and the transfer layer second release layer.
• the release values were determined by means of a tensile test machine (Zwick Z005 from Zwick GmbH & Co. KG, Ulm). For this purpose, the transfer film was glued flat on the lower bracket. The layer to be removed was then peeled off at right angles by the tensile test. About the load cell, the detachment forces were determined.
• the transfer layer may be formed as a multi-layer body formed of a plurality of transfer layers.
• the detachment force of the thermoforming membrane from the transfer layer is 30% to 70% smaller than the adhesive force of the adjacent transfer layers relative to one another due to the second release layer arranged between the thermoforming membrane and the transfer layer.
• the transfer layer may be one of the thermoforming membrane facing first
• Transfer layer, a second transfer layer and a third transfer layer include.
• the first and / or third transfer layer can also be dispensed with.
• the first transfer layer may be formed as a protective layer.
• the protective layer may be formed as a protective lacquer of a PMMA-based lacquer preferably having a layer thickness in the range from 2 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m.
• the protective lacquer can also consist of a radiation-curing dual cure lacquer. This dual-cure lacquer can be thermally precrosslinked in a first step during and / or after application in liquid form and, in a second step after the processing of the transfer film, in particular via high-energy radiation, preferably UV radiation, radically
• Dual cure paints of this type may consist of various polymers or oligomers, the unsaturated acrylate, or
• These functional groups may be in the o.g. second step are radically linked with each other.
• these polymers or oligomers must also contain at least two or more alcohol groups.
• These alcohol groups can with multifunctional isocyanates or
• Unsaturated oligomers or polymers are various UV raw materials such as epoxy acrylates,
• the melamine crosslinkers may be fully etherified versions, may be imino types or
• Polyvinylidene fluoride and PMMA preferably with a layer thickness in the range of 2 ⁇ to 50 ⁇ , preferably in the range of 5 ⁇ to 30 ⁇ is formed.
• the second transfer layer may be formed as a single-layer or multi-layer decorative layer.
• This decorative layer preferably comprises one or more layers.
• the decorative layer may preferably be one or more
• Color layers may be colored differently, be transparent and / or opaque and also be separated by one or more further layers, in particular transparent layers.
• the color layers may in this case consist of a binder and colorants and / or pigments,
• optically variable pigments in particular also optically variable pigments and / or metallic
• the decorative layer may also comprise one or more reflection layers, which are preferably opaque, translucent and / or partially formed.
• the reflective layers can be made
• the decorative layer can also have one or more optically active relief structures, in particular diffractive structures and / or holograms and / or refractive structures and / or matt structures. In this case, at least one reflection layer is arranged directly on the relief structure at least in regions.
• the second transfer layer is formed as a color layer. It can be provided that the color layer is formed from a PMMA-based lacquer with preferably a layer thickness in the range of 1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m.
• the third transfer layer may be formed as a primer.
• the primer is an adhesive layer and / or adhesion promoter layer.
• the primer is formed with a layer thickness in the range of 1 ⁇ to 5 ⁇ .
• Possible raw materials for the primer are PMMA, PVC, polyesters, polyurethanes, chlorinated polyolefins, polypropylene, epoxy resins or polyurethane polyols in combination with inactivated isocyanates.
• the primers may also contain inorganic fillers.
• the primer made of PVC is preferred for the application of the transfer film in the insert molding and preferably of polyurethane polyols in combination with inactivated isocyanates for the application of the transfer film in a TOM process.
• the production of the transfer film can be carried out in particular by the thermoforming membrane in several successive passes or from several layers is produced. In this way, in particular, a sufficient layer thickness can be achieved.
• the individual layers of the thermoforming membrane can preferably be produced in the casting process, for example by means of application with a slot die, or else by means of screen printing, gravure printing, flexographic printing or inkjet printing or inkjet printing.
• thermoforming membrane it is preferred if, between the successive passes, the layer applied first to produce the thermoforming membrane,
• the layer is dried in such a way that the layer at least
• the two layers jointly form a homogeneous overall layer by dissolving.
• Thermoforming membrane is accordingly repeated several times so that all successive layers together form a homogeneous total layer.
• a layer in one pass, a layer, in particular a lacquer layer with a layer thickness in the range from about 0.1 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, preferably in the range from 0.1 ⁇ m to 35 ⁇ m, more preferably in the range from 1 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m Applied ⁇ .
• a layer thickness in the range from about 0.1 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, preferably in the range from 0.1 ⁇ m to 35 ⁇ m, more preferably in the range from 1 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m Applied ⁇ .
• the method is designed as an IM D method, wherein an insertion of the transfer film into an injection mold and a back injection of the transfer film with a plastic takes place.
• the carrier film of the transfer film is preferably removed. Together with the transfer film and the thermoforming membrane can be removed. It is advantageous, however, if the thermoforming membrane remains at least once on the transfer layer.
• the thermoforming membrane thus serves in particular as a protective layer for the transfer layer. In this case, in particular, a separate protective layer of the transfer layer can be dispensed with. It is also conceivable that the thermoforming membrane is pulled off shortly before the use of the coated component or only when using the component. This prevents inter alia that the component undergoes any damage early, before it is used. It is advantageous here if the transfer layer has its own protective layer which protects the transfer layer from external influences when the component is used.
• the method is embodied as an insert molding method, which comprises laminating a substrate, deep drawing the laminated substrate and injecting the thermoformed substrate with a thermoplastic material, wherein the carrier film of the
• Transfer film after laminating the substrate peeled off from the substrate and the thermoforming membrane is peeled off the back-injected substrate after back molding.
• thermoforming membrane In the following examples with and without thermoforming membrane are described, which illustrate the advantage of thermoforming membrane.
• Such a known transfer film can be constructed as follows:
• a carrier film preferably made of PET with a layer thickness of 36 ⁇ to
• a release layer which may for example consist of a polyethylene wax, applied.
• a protective layer with a layer thickness of 3 ⁇ to 5 ⁇ is applied.
• This protective layer is a PMMA-based paint. Furthermore, be on the protective layer
• this transfer film contains a suitable primer which provides sufficient adhesion to the particular substrate provided generated.
• This primer can in the present case consist of a PVC-vinyl acetate copolymer, with a layer thickness of 1 ⁇ .
• This film is laminated on a substrate as an insert for processing.
• the substrate may consist of an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, whose strength is between 200 ⁇ to 750 ⁇ .
• the laminating conditions are at 120 ° C to 300 ° C, preferably at 180 ° C to 220 ° C with a
• the carrier film is peeled off, so that the uppermost remaining layer is now formed by the protective layer.
• This laminated substrate can subsequently be processed in a vacuum thermoforming process.
• the laminated product is heated to about 140 ° C to 160 ° C and pulled with the help of vacuum A / acuum on a tool geometry.
• the deep-drawn film is a transfer film (as described above) for the IMD process, the following damage occurs:
• the film can be torn open in thicker areas of expansion so that a gap is formed through all or part of the film Lackpers the transfer position goes. This is mainly due to the fact that the IMD protective coatings can not absorb enough tensile forces and thus burst during stretching.
• Degree of attenuation (especially where the protective coating is thinned out) become cloudy, in particular due to a multiplicity of microcracks.
• thermoforming membrane solves this problem by the thermoforming membrane according to the invention.
• a carrier film of PET which preferably has a layer thickness of about 36 ⁇ to 100 ⁇ and a first release layer of a polyethylene wax, one can apply to this first release layer, the thermoforming membrane, the e.g. made of a polyurethane.
• This thermoforming membrane preferably has a layer thickness of 10 ⁇ to 200 ⁇ .
• thermoforming membrane Below the thermoforming membrane, a second release layer, in particular from Montanchureester having a thickness preferably less than 1 ⁇ be arranged whose separation force is different from the first release layer, in particular their separation force is about 5 to 10 times higher than the peel force of the first release layer ,
• the remaining structure of the transfer film preferably consists, as mentioned above, of a PMMA-based protective varnish whose layer thickness is preferably in the range from 2 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m.
• the following coloring decorative layers are in particular likewise PMMA-based and are preferably in the range from 2 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m.
• the same PVC vinyl acetate primer is used as in the previous example.
• thermoforming membrane takes the tensile forces of
• thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane After vacuum forming, the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the thermoforming membrane of the
• the molded component has none
• the method is designed as a TOM method, which comprises laminating a substrate, coating the substrate
• PET was chosen as the carrier film material, which is the first release layer, in particular with a
• the layer thickness was preferably less than 1 ⁇ coated. Then was applied as thermoforming membrane in particular a polyurethane polyester polyol layer thickness 30 ⁇ . Thereafter, a Montanklareester für the strength was applied in particular less than 1 ⁇ as a second release layer. The detachment force of the second release layer is different from the first release layer, in particular its release force is about the factor 5 to 10 is higher than the peel force of the first release layer.
• a decorative layer consisting of a mixture of PMMA PVDF with a layer thickness of 30 ⁇ .
• the paint package based on PMMA paints with a total thickness of 8 ⁇ .
• the primer was applied consisting of a 8 ⁇ strong layer based on a combination of polyurethane polyols with an inactivated isocyanate.
• the carrier film Prior to processing in the TOM process on a machine of the manufacturer Navitas, Japan, the carrier film was peeled off. Processing at 130 ° C provided good initial adhesion to the substrate, which was a three-dimensional molded ABS / PC injection molded part. After storage of the injection molded parts over several days, the thermoforming membrane was peeled off, whereby the transfer layer erupted sharp-edged.
• the method is embodied as a TOM method, which comprises applying the transfer film to a three-dimensional component, wherein the carrier film is removed from the thermoforming membrane prior to application of the transfer film to the component, and wherein the
• Thermoforming membrane is removed after the application of the transfer film on the component of the transfer layer. After removing the carrier film is the
• thermoforming membrane thus assumes the function of the carrier film, but is considerably better deformable than known carrier films.
• the application of the transfer film with thermoforming membrane on the component takes place for example at 100 ° C to 180 ° C and with an air pressure of 0.1 bar to 2 bar.
• FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the transfer film according to the invention in a schematic sectional view.
• FIG. 2 shows a first method step for producing an insert using the transfer film in FIG. 1 in a schematic
• FIG. 3 shows a second method step for producing an insert using the transfer film in FIG. 1 in a schematic
• FIG. 4 shows a method step for forming a TOM laminating film using the transfer film in FIG. 1 in a schematic
• FIG. 5 shows the coating of a component with the TOM laminating film in FIG. 4 in a schematic sectional view
• FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of the transfer film according to the invention in a schematic sectional representation
• 7 shows a first method step of a TOM method for coating a component with the transfer film in FIG. 6 in a schematic sectional representation
• Fig. 1 shows a transfer film 1, a carrier film 1 1, a first
• Release layer 12 a thermoforming membrane 13, a second release layer 14 and a transfer layer 15 with a plurality of transfer layers 151, 152, 153 includes.
• the carrier film 1 1 is formed as a PET film with a layer thickness in the range of 12 to 100 ⁇ .
• the deep-drawing membrane 13 is formed as a lacquer layer of polyurethane with a layer thickness in the range from 10 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, preferably in the range from 20 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably from 25 ⁇ m to 75 ⁇ m.
• the polyurethane can be solvent-based or an aqueous dispersion.
• the polyurethane must be sufficiently deformable and may be composed of different polymers. These include polyurethanes of e.g.
• Polyester polyols polyether polyols, polycarbonate polyols, polyacrylate polyols and combinations of these polymers.
• polyurethane can be any polyurethane.
• Polyester polyols are used. These polymers form the basis for paint formulations from which the thermoforming membrane 13 is made. In order to achieve a sufficient layer thickness, these layers can preferably by casting, for example by means of application with a slot die, or by screen printing, gravure, flexographic or
• Manufacturing methods may be used in one or more consecutive passes.
• the first applied lacquer layer is at least partially dried, so that the first applied lacquer layer is at least partially dried, so that the first applied lacquer layer
• Paint layer is at least surface-dry. However, it is in particular also possible for the lacquer layer to dry through. After this drying, the following lacquer layer is applied, with the following
• Lacquer layer the previously applied paint layer in particular at least superficial dissolves so that both paint layers together form a homogeneous total paint layer.
• Coating layers are repeated several times so that all successive layers of paint together form a homogeneous total paint layer.
• the Tiefziehnnennbran 13 is formed at a Tiefurgiennperatur in the range of 130 ° C to 160 ° C by 200%, preferably by 500% to 1500% overstretchable.
• the first release layer 12 is between the carrier film 1 1 and the
• Melamine-formaldehyde resin crosslinked paints can serve as the first release layer.
• thermoforming membrane 13 Between the thermoforming membrane 13 and the transfer layer 15, a second release layer 14 is arranged.
• the second release layer 14 is like the first one
• Release layer 12 formed of a wax, which is e.g. Carnauba wax, Montanklareester, polyethylene wax, polyamide wax or PTFE wax can be and has a layer thickness in the range of less than 0.1 ⁇ on. Furthermore, surface-active substances such as silicones are second
• Melamine-formaldehyde resin crosslinked paints may serve as the second release layer 14.
• the detachment force of the carrier film 1 1 of the thermoforming membrane 13 is due to the arranged between the carrier film 1 1 and thermoforming membrane 13 first
• Thermoforming membrane 13 and the transfer layer 15 arranged second Release layer 14 can be made of polyethylene wax for this purpose, for example, and the second release layer 14 can be used
• the transfer layer 15 is formed as a multi-layer body, the three
• Transfer layers 151 to 153 has.
• the first transfer layer 151 faces the second release layer and is formed as a protective layer.
• the first transfer layer can be formed, for example, as a protective lacquer of acrylate with a layer thickness of 4 ⁇ m to 8 ⁇ m or of polyurethane with a layer thickness of 15 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m.
• the second transfer layer 152 is formed as a color layer of acrylate with a layer thickness of 4 ⁇ to 20 ⁇ .
• the third transfer layer 153 is formed as a primer with a layer thickness of 1 ⁇ to 5 ⁇ . Eligible raw materials for the
• Primer are PMMA, PVC, polyester, polyurethanes, chlorinated polyolefins, polypropylene or epoxy resins or polyurethane polyols in combination with inactivated isocyanates.
• the primers may also contain inorganic fillers.
• FIGS. 2 and 3 show process steps for producing an insert using the transfer film 1 described in FIG.
• FIG. 2 shows the application of the transfer film 1 under the action of temperature and pressure (indicated in FIG. 2 by directional arrows) on a substrate 2 and the detachment of the carrier film 11 after the lamination of the substrate 2.
• the substrate 2 may be formed, for example, as a film of ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer) having a layer thickness in the range from 100 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m.
• ABS acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer
• FIG. 3 shows a further method step, in which the substrate 2 laminated with the transfer film 1 is applied over a tool 3 at a temperature in FIG
• thermoforming membrane 13 is removed from the transfer layer 15.
• the tensile forces of the occurring dilations and at the same time defines the surface quality of the underlying protective layer of the transfer layer 15. This is a ready-decorated insert 4, which trimmed in subsequent steps by punching and with a
• thermoplastic material is injected behind.
• FIGS. 4 and 5 show process steps for coating a component 5 with a TOM laminating film.
• the transfer film 1 is laminated to a flat, flat substrate 2 and after lamination, the carrier film 1 1 is removed, as described above in Fig. 2.
• a TOM primer with layer thicknesses of 5 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m is applied to the rear side of the substrate 2, as shown in FIG. 4.
• Such primers for the TOM process usually consist of polypropylene, a combination of polyurethane polyols with inactivated isocyanates, polyurethanes or epoxy resins.
• epoxy resins it is advantageous, in addition to the primer on the component, a suitable spray primer
• These spray primers typically contain
• FIG. 5 shows a further method step, in which a three-dimensional component 5 is coated in the TOM method with the TOM laminating film described in FIG. 4, and the thermoforming membrane 13 is then removed.
• Fig. 6 shows a second embodiment of the transfer film.
• a transfer film 1 is formed like the transfer film described in FIG.
• the third transfer layer 153 is formed as a TOM primer.
• the TOM primer has a comparatively high Layer thickness and is preferably formed as a combination of polyurethane polyols with inactivated isocyanates.
• the TOM primer can be activated even at the low process temperatures of about 100 ° C to 180 ° C and the low process pressures of 0.1 bar to 2 bar and can due to the cross-linking reaction by the activation of a higher
• FIG. 7 shows a first method step in which the carrier layer 1 1 is pulled off the transfer film 1.
• FIG. 8 shows a second method step, in which a component 5 is coated in the TOM method with the layer composite described in FIG. 7.
• thermoforming membrane 13 is after the coating of the component. 5
• the transfer layer 15 has the necessary mechanical brittleness, so that a clean separation of the transfer layer 15 between its parts applied to the component 5 and the residues 15r can take place at the edge of the component 5. Finally, the transfer layer 15 is trimmed edge flush to the component 5.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Decoration By Transfer Pictures (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

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• 2016
  • 2016-07-07 DE DE102016112505.9A patent/DE102016112505A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2017
  • 2017-06-13 US US16/310,986 patent/US11104047B2/en active Active
  • 2017-06-13 EP EP17731114.9A patent/EP3481632B1/de active Active
  • 2017-06-13 JP JP2019500357A patent/JP7136764B2/ja active Active
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