WO2017198074A1 - 背光源及其制作方法、显示基板、显示装置及其显示方法 - Google Patents

背光源及其制作方法、显示基板、显示装置及其显示方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017198074A1
WO2017198074A1 PCT/CN2017/083041 CN2017083041W WO2017198074A1 WO 2017198074 A1 WO2017198074 A1 WO 2017198074A1 CN 2017083041 W CN2017083041 W CN 2017083041W WO 2017198074 A1 WO2017198074 A1 WO 2017198074A1
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Prior art keywords
light
light emitting
sub
spacers
display
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Application number
PCT/CN2017/083041
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张粲
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
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Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to US15/572,984 priority Critical patent/US10718972B2/en
Publication of WO2017198074A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017198074A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133603—Direct backlight with LEDs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/30—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving parallax barriers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133605—Direct backlight including specially adapted reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133608—Direct backlight including particular frames or supporting means

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to a backlight, a method of fabricating the same, a display substrate, a display device, and a display method thereof.
  • 3D display is a research hotspot in the field of display technology.
  • the basic principle of 3D display is that the viewer's eyes see images of different viewing angles, and there is parallax between the images of the left eye and the right eye of the viewer respectively, and then the viewer's brain combines these images with parallax. image.
  • At least one embodiment of the present invention provides a backlight, a method of fabricating the same, a display substrate, a display device, and a display method thereof to reduce power consumption of the display device when performing 3D display.
  • At least one embodiment of the present invention provides a backlight including: a carrier substrate; a spacer layer disposed on the carrier substrate and including a plurality of spacers spaced apart from each other in a direction parallel to the carrier substrate; a light emitting component disposed between the plurality of spacers in a direction parallel to the carrier substrate; and a plurality of second light emitting components spaced apart from the plurality of first light emitting components, And respectively disposed on a side of the plurality of spacers away from the carrier substrate.
  • the distance from the top end of each spacer to the carrier substrate is greater than the distance from the top end of the first light emitting component to the carrier substrate.
  • the width of the tip end of each spacer is greater than the width of the bottom end thereof.
  • the material of the spacer layer comprises a light absorbing material.
  • the material of the spacer layer comprises a negative photoresist.
  • the spacer layer includes a first sub-spacer layer and a second sub-spacer layer.
  • the first sub-spacer layer includes a plurality of first sub-spacers spaced apart from each other;
  • the second sub-spacer layer is stacked on a side of the first sub-space layer away from the carrier substrate, and includes a plurality of Second sub-spacers spaced apart from each other and corresponding to the plurality of first sub-spacers, the plurality of first sub-spacers and the plurality of second sub-spacers forming the plurality of spacers.
  • the width of the top end of each first sub-spacer is greater than or equal to the corresponding second sub-interval Bottom width.
  • the width of the tip end of each of the second sub-spacers is greater than the width of the bottom end thereof.
  • the material of the second sub-spacer layer comprises a light absorbing material.
  • the material of the second sub-spacer layer comprises a negative photoresist.
  • each of the first light-emitting components includes a first light-emitting unit and a second light-emitting unit that are sequentially disposed in a direction perpendicular to the carrier substrate, and the first light-emitting unit is disposed on the second light-emitting unit and the carrier substrate between.
  • first light emitting unit and the second light emitting unit included in each first light emitting component share the same electrode.
  • each of the second light emitting components includes a plurality of light emitting units arranged in a stack.
  • the first light emitting component or the second light emitting component has a reflective layer on a side close to the carrier substrate.
  • At least one embodiment of the present invention further provides a display substrate comprising: a carrier substrate; a spacer layer disposed on the carrier substrate and including a plurality of spacers spaced apart from each other in a direction parallel to the carrier substrate; a first light emitting component respectively disposed between the plurality of spacers in a direction parallel to the carrier substrate; and a plurality of second light emitting components spaced apart from the plurality of first light emitting components And respectively disposed on a side of the plurality of spacers away from the carrier substrate.
  • At least one embodiment of the present invention further provides a display device comprising: a display panel and the backlight of any of the above, the display panel being at least partially disposed in an illumination area of the backlight; or
  • the display device includes the above display substrate.
  • the display device further includes a driving element electrically connected to the first lighting assembly and the second lighting assembly.
  • the drive element is configured to apply a drive signal to the first illumination assembly or the second illumination assembly to correspondingly control illumination of the first illumination assembly or the second illumination assembly.
  • the drive element is configured to apply a drive signal to the first illumination assembly and the second illumination assembly to control both the first illumination assembly and the second illumination assembly to simultaneously emit light.
  • the display panel includes a pixel array including a plurality of sub-pixel columns and a plurality of sub-pixel rows, the plurality of spacers are arranged in a row direction of the pixel array; and adjacent spacers are between One or more sub-pixels of the pixel array are disposed in the row direction.
  • At least one embodiment of the present invention provides a display of the display device according to any of the above
  • the method includes: controlling the plurality of first lighting components included in the backlight to emit light, and the plurality of second lighting components not emitting light, or controlling the plurality of first lighting components included in the backlight Not emitting light, the plurality of second light emitting components emitting light to realize 3D display; or controlling the plurality of first light emitting components included in the display substrate to emit light and the plurality of second light emitting components not emitting light to realize 3D display.
  • the display method further includes: controlling the plurality of first illuminating components and the plurality of second illuminating components included in the backlight to simultaneously emit light to implement 2D display; or controlling the display substrate to include The plurality of first lighting components and the plurality of second lighting components simultaneously emit light to achieve 2D display.
  • At least one embodiment of the present invention also provides a method of fabricating a backlight, the method comprising: forming a spacer layer on a carrier substrate, the spacer layer comprising a plurality of spacers spaced apart from each other in a direction parallel to the carrier substrate Forming a plurality of first light emitting components on the carrier substrate such that the plurality of first light emitting components are respectively formed between the plurality of spacers in the direction parallel to the carrier substrate; Forming a plurality of second light-emitting components on the carrier substrate, the plurality of second light-emitting components are spaced apart from the plurality of first light-emitting components, and are respectively formed on the plurality of spacers away from the carrier substrate One side.
  • forming the plurality of first light emitting components and the plurality of second light emitting components includes: forming a first electrode layer on the carrier substrate, a light emitting function layer covering the first electrode layer, and covering the light emitting layer a second electrode layer of the functional layer to form a plurality of light-emitting units spaced apart from each other, the plurality of light-emitting units including a plurality of light-emitting units respectively disposed between the spacers and a plurality of light-emitting units respectively disposed on the spacers Light unit.
  • the plurality of first light-emitting components respectively include the plurality of light-emitting units respectively disposed between the spacers
  • the plurality of second light-emitting components respectively include the plurality of the light-emitting units respectively disposed at the The light emitting unit on the spacer.
  • forming the spacer layer includes: forming a first sub-space layer, the first sub-space layer including a plurality of first sub-spacers spaced apart from each other in a direction parallel to the carrier substrate; Forming a second sub-spacer layer on the first sub-spacer layer, the second sub-space layer comprising a plurality of second sub-spacers spaced apart from each other and corresponding to the plurality of first sub-spacers.
  • the spacer layer includes the first sub-spacer layer and the second sub-spacer layer.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a backlight, a manufacturing method thereof, a display substrate, a display device, and a display method thereof.
  • a first lighting component is disposed between adjacent spacers of the backlight and a second lighting component is disposed above the spacing portion, by controlling the first lighting component and the second hair
  • One of the light components and the other one of the light components can enable the display device using the backlight to realize 3D display, and can reduce power consumption of the display device when performing 3D display.
  • embodiments of the present invention can implement conversion between 2D display and 3D display.
  • 1 is a schematic diagram of a 3D display mode
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a backlight according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of another backlight according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 4a is a schematic diagram of an optical path for a 3D display in which a first illumination component of a backlight is illuminated and a second illumination component does not emit light according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 4b is a schematic diagram of an optical path for a 3D display in which a second illumination component of a backlight is illuminated and the first illumination component does not emit light according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 5a is a partially enlarged schematic view of the backlight of Figure 3;
  • FIG. 5b is another partial enlarged view of the backlight shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5b is another partial enlarged view of the backlight shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an optical path for realizing 3D display of a display substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a positional relationship between a pixel array and a spacer layer included in a display panel in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a method for fabricating a backlight according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 10a-10b are schematic diagrams showing steps in a method of fabricating a backlight according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a common 3D display is achieved by a parallax barrier.
  • a slit grating 2 may be placed in front of the backlight 1 of the display such that the light emitted by the backlight 1 is split in two directions, thereby passing through the pixel array 3 of the display (which includes, for example, a red sub The pixel R, the green sub-pixel G, and the blue sub-pixel B) are then incident on the left and right eyes of the viewer, respectively, to generate binocular parallax.
  • this 3D display mode loses a large portion of the backlight, making the display consume more power when performing 3D display.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a backlight, a manufacturing method thereof, a display substrate, a display device, and a display method thereof.
  • a first light emitting component is disposed between adjacent spacers of the backlight and a second light emitting component is disposed above the spacer by controlling the first light emitting component and the second light emitting component
  • One type of illumination and the other type of non-illumination enable the display device employing the backlight to implement 3D display, and can reduce power consumption of the display device when performing 3D display.
  • a backlight 100 including a carrier substrate 30 , a spacer layer 40 disposed on the carrier substrate 30 , a plurality of first light emitting components 10 , and a plurality of The second lighting assembly 20.
  • the spacer layer 40 includes a plurality of spacers 49 spaced apart from each other in a direction parallel to the carrier substrate 30 (as indicated by an arrow in FIG.
  • the plurality of first light-emitting components 10 are respectively in a direction parallel to the carrier substrate 30 Provided between the plurality of spacers 49 such that adjacent first light emitting components 10 are spaced apart from each other by the spacers 49 in the direction parallel to the carrier substrate 30; the plurality of second light emitting components 20 and the plurality The first light emitting components 10 are spaced apart and respectively disposed on a side of the plurality of spacers 49 away from the carrier substrate 30.
  • the second light emitting component 20 and the first light emitting component 10 are alternately disposed in the direction parallel to the carrier substrate 30, so that one of the first light emitting component 10 and the second light emitting component 20 emits light.
  • the backlight 100 can form a slit effect to enable 3D display by the display device using the backlight 100.
  • the height of the light emitting surface of the first light emitting component 10 is smaller than the height of the light emitting surface of the second light emitting component 20, and due to the spacer layer 40 includes a plurality of spacers 49, and thus, in the case where the first light emitting assembly 10 emits light and the second light emitting assembly 20 does not emit light, crosstalk between the first light emitting assemblies 10 can be reduced to obtain a better slit effect. Thereby obtaining a better 3D display effect.
  • the display device using the backlight 100 can realize 2D display, and thus the backlight provided by the embodiment of the present invention can realize the display device. Switching of 2D/3D display.
  • the spacer layer 40 includes a plurality of spacers 49 that are spaced apart from each other, in some embodiments, the first lighting assembly 10 and the second lighting assembly 20 can be fabricated simultaneously to reduce the fabrication process.
  • both the first light emitting component 10 and the second light emitting component 20 may be an OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) light emitting device or an LED (Light Emitting Diode) light emitting device, in which case both the first and second light emitting components include a light emitting layer and Electrodes disposed on both sides of the light-emitting layer.
  • the manufacturing process of the first light emitting component 10 and the second light emitting component 20 may include: sequentially forming the first electrode layer 101, the light emitting function layer 102, and the first portion between the spacers 49 and the spacer 49 as shown in FIG.
  • the two electrode layers 103 can form the first light emitting component 10 and the second light emitting component 20 by breaking the layer structures at the edges of the spacers 49.
  • the first light emitting component 10 or the second light emitting component 20 may have a reflective layer on a side close to the carrier substrate 30, that is, the first or second light emitting components may be a top emitting structure.
  • the electrodes of the first or second light-emitting components that are adjacent to the carrier substrate 30 may be fabricated from a metal material to form the reflective layer.
  • each spacer 49 ie, the end away from the carrier substrate 30
  • the distance from the top end of each spacer 49 (ie, the end away from the carrier substrate 30) 49a to the carrier substrate 30 may be greater than the distance from the top end 10a of the first lighting assembly 10 to the carrier substrate 30.
  • the top end 49a of the spacer 49 higher than the top end 10a of the first lighting assembly 10, on the one hand, it is convenient to make the first and second lighting assemblies spaced apart from each other when the first and second lighting assemblies are made;
  • the spacers 49 block part of the light of the first light-emitting assembly 10 to reduce crosstalk between adjacent first light-emitting components 10, thereby obtaining a better 3D display effect.
  • the width of the top end 49a of each spacer 49 may be greater than the width of the bottom end thereof (i.e., the end near the carrier substrate 30) 49b, in which case each interval
  • the cross-sectional shape of the portion 49 is, for example, an inverted trapezoid.
  • the material of the spacer layer 40 may include a negative photoresist.
  • the material of the spacer layer 40 may include a light absorbing material such as a negative photoresist (eg, a black negative photoresist) that employs light absorbing properties.
  • a light absorbing material such as a negative photoresist (eg, a black negative photoresist) that employs light absorbing properties.
  • FIG. 2 is an example in which the spacer layer 40 is a single layer structure.
  • the spacer layer 40 can also be a multi-layer structure to reduce the difficulty in fabricating the spacer layer 40.
  • the spacer layer 40 can include a first sub-spacer layer 41 and a second sub-spacer layer 42.
  • the first sub-interval layer 41 includes a plurality of first sub-spacers 419 spaced apart from each other; the second sub-space layer 42 is laminated on a side of the first sub-space layer 41 away from the carrier substrate 30, and includes a plurality of spaced apart from each other.
  • the second sub-spacers 429 are disposed and respectively corresponding to the plurality of first sub-spacers 419, and the plurality of first sub-spacers 419 and the plurality of second sub-spacers 429 form the plurality of spacers 49.
  • the width of the top end 419a of each of the first sub-spacers 419 may be greater than or equal to the width of the bottom end 429b of its corresponding second sub-spacer 429. This facilitates the fabrication of the second sub-spacer 429.
  • each of the partitions 49 is, for example, an inverted trapezoid.
  • a cross-sectional shape such as an inverted trapezoid, on the one hand, it is more advantageous to separate adjacent first and second light-emitting components from each other when fabricating the first and second light-emitting components, and on the other hand, 3D can be realized by the first light-emitting component 10.
  • the crosstalk is further reduced when displayed.
  • the material of the second sub-spacer layer 42 may include a negative photoresist.
  • the material of the second sub-spacer layer 42 may include a light absorbing material such as a negative photoresist (eg, a black negative photoresist) that employs light absorbing properties.
  • a light absorbing material such as a negative photoresist (eg, a black negative photoresist) that employs light absorbing properties.
  • the first light-emitting component 10 emits light and the second light
  • crosstalk can be reduced.
  • the position of the spacer 49 does not emit light.
  • the spacer layer 40 thus corresponds to the slit grating, which allows the viewer's left and right eyes to see after the light emitted by the first illumination assembly 10 passes through the pixel unit of the display panel 50 (see L, R in FIG. 4a).
  • Different pixel units ie, binocular parallax
  • L in FIG. 4a L in FIG.
  • FIG. 4a represents a pixel unit seen by the viewer's left eye
  • R represents a pixel unit seen by the viewer's right eye.
  • a portion of the light emitted by the first light-emitting assembly 10 on the left side for entering the right eye of the viewer and a portion of the light emitted by the first light-emitting assembly 10 on the right side for entering the viewer's left eye are both It can be blocked by the spacer layer 40, which can reduce the crosstalk between the two first lighting assemblies 10.
  • the spacer layer 40 can be regarded as The rear grating is such that after the light emitted from the second light emitting unit 20 passes through the pixel unit of the display panel 50, the left and right eyes of the viewer see different pixel units, thereby realizing 3D display.
  • the first lighting assembly 10 may include a plurality of stacked lighting units.
  • each of the first lighting assemblies 10 is included in a vertical bearing.
  • the first light emitting unit 11 and the second light emitting unit 12 are sequentially disposed in the direction of the substrate 30, and the first light emitting unit 11 is disposed between the second light emitting unit 12 and the carrier substrate 30.
  • the power consumption of each of the light-emitting units can be reduced, thereby extending the life of each of the light-emitting units; In the case where one of the light-emitting units is damaged, the remaining light-emitting units can also operate normally, so that the life and operational stability of the first light-emitting assembly are improved.
  • the first light-emitting unit 11 and the second light-emitting unit 12 may emit light at the same time or may not emit light at the same time.
  • the first and second light emitting units may each be an OLED light emitting device or an LED light emitting device.
  • the first and second light emitting units may include a light emitting layer and electrodes respectively located on both sides of the light emitting layer.
  • the manufacturing process of the first light emitting component 10 may include sequentially forming electrodes between the spacers 49 as shown in FIG. 5a.
  • the first light emitting unit 11 and the electrode layer 113, the light emitting function layer 122 and the electrode layer 123 form a second light emitting unit 12 between adjacent spacers 49, each of the second light emitting units 12 and the first light emitting unit 11 therebelow They are connected in series to form the first light emitting component 10.
  • the first light-emitting unit 11 and the second light-emitting unit 12 included in each of the first light-emitting components 10 share the same electrode (such as the electrode layer 113 in FIG. 5a between the spacers 49). The part shown). This simplifies the fabrication process of the first light-emitting assembly 10.
  • the first and second light emitting units 11 and 12 may not share electrodes.
  • the second lighting assembly may include a single lighting unit.
  • the single lighting unit can be fabricated in synchronization with any of the lighting units included in the first lighting assembly 10.
  • the fabrication process of the second light emitting component 20 may include: when the electrode layer 113, the light emitting function layer 122, and the electrode layer 123 are formed as shown in FIG. 5a, the layer structures are formed. A portion sequentially deposited on the spacer 49 is included to form the second light emitting assembly 20.
  • the second light-emitting component 20 can also be formed by a portion of the electrode layer 111, the light-emitting function layer 112, and the electrode layer 113 sequentially deposited on the spacer 49; or the second light-emitting component 20 can also pass through the electrode layer 111 and the light-emitting function. A portion of the layer 122 and the electrode layer 123 which are sequentially deposited on the spacer 49 is formed.
  • the manner of forming the second light emitting component in the embodiment of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, these modes.
  • each of the second lighting assemblies 20 may also include a plurality of stacked lighting units 29 as shown in FIG. 5b to improve the life and operational stability of the second lighting assemblies 20.
  • the plurality of light-emitting units included in the second light-emitting component 20 are made, reference may be made to the manner in which the plurality of light-emitting units included in the first light-emitting component 10 are made, and the repeated description is omitted.
  • At least one embodiment of the present invention further provides a display substrate, as shown in FIG. 6, the display substrate includes a carrier substrate 30, and a spacer layer 40 disposed on the carrier substrate 30, a plurality of first light-emitting components 10 and more Second light-emitting components 20.
  • the spacer layer 40 includes a plurality of spacers 49 spaced apart from each other in a direction parallel to the carrier substrate 30 (as indicated by an arrow in FIG.
  • the plurality of first light-emitting components 10 are respectively in a direction parallel to the carrier substrate 30 Provided between the plurality of spacers 49 such that adjacent first light emitting components 10 are spaced apart from each other by the spacers 49 in the direction parallel to the carrier substrate 30; the plurality of second light emitting components 20 and the plurality The first light emitting components 10 are spaced apart and disposed on the plurality of spacers 49, respectively.
  • the display substrate may further include a substrate disposed on the carrier substrate
  • the plurality of thin film transistors independently emit light by driving the plurality of first light emitting components and the plurality of second light emitting components, respectively, so that a picture can be displayed.
  • the display substrate provided in this embodiment may further be configured with a driving circuit or the like to implement a display screen, which is not described herein again.
  • the display substrate provided in this embodiment is a self-illuminating display substrate, such as an OLED display substrate or a quantum dot display substrate, and does not require an additional backlight.
  • the layer 40 can form a slit grating, which causes the viewer to have a parallax between the left eye and the right eye, so that the display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present invention can directly realize the 3D display without using an additional display panel.
  • the display substrate can realize 2D display. Therefore, the display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present invention can implement switching between the 2D display mode and the 3D display mode.
  • each structure may refer to the related description in the embodiment of the backlight.
  • the spacer layer 40 may include a first spacer layer 41 and a second spacer layer 42.
  • the first lighting assembly 10 may include a plurality of stacked lighting units (as shown in FIG. 6), or the second lighting assembly 10 may also include a plurality of stacked lighting units. The repetitions are not repeated here.
  • At least one embodiment of the present invention further provides a display device, as shown in FIG. 7, the display device 200 includes the backlight 100 provided by any of the above embodiments, and the display panel 200 is at least partially disposed on the backlight. Within 100 illuminated areas.
  • At least one embodiment of the present invention may further provide a display device comprising the display substrate provided by any of the above embodiments.
  • the display device provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention may further include a driving component 300 electrically connected to the first lighting component 10 and the second lighting component 20.
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 will be described by way of example only in which the driving element 300 is disposed on the carrier substrate 30 of the backlight 100.
  • the set position of the driving element 300 includes, but is not limited to, the manner shown in FIG.
  • the driving component 300 can apply a driving signal to the first lighting component 10 or the second lighting component 20 to correspondingly control the first lighting component 10 or the second lighting component 20 to emit light.
  • the display device includes the display panel 200 and the backlight 100
  • the display device can be made to realize 3D display; in the case where the display device includes the display substrate, by controlling the first light-emitting component to emit light and the second light-emitting component does not emit light, The display device can be made to implement 3D display.
  • the driving component 300 can apply a driving signal to the first lighting component 10 and the second lighting component 20 to control both the first lighting component 10 and the second lighting component 20 to emit light at the same time.
  • the display device can be made to realize 2D display.
  • the driving element 300 may be a driving circuit such as a driving IC (Integrated Circuit).
  • FIG. 7 exemplifies a display device including a display panel 200 and a backlight 100.
  • the display device may also include the above-described driving element 300.
  • the display panel 200 may be a liquid crystal panel including, for example, an array substrate 210 and a counter substrate 220 disposed opposite to each other, and a liquid crystal layer 230 disposed therebetween.
  • the display panel 200 includes a pixel array 240 including a plurality of sub-pixel columns 241 and a plurality of sub-pixel rows 242, and the plurality of spacers 49 included in the backlight are arranged in the row direction of the pixel array 240.
  • one sub-pixel for example, a red sub-pixel R, a green sub-pixel G, or a blue sub-pixel B, as shown in FIG. 8 may be disposed between each adjacent two spacers 49, or each adjacent A plurality of sub-pixels may be disposed between the two spacers 49.
  • the backlight can be formed when the first light-emitting component and the second light-emitting component emit light at different times, and the slits extend in a direction substantially along the column direction of the pixel array, thereby causing the backlight to emit
  • the light can be 3D displayed after passing through the display panel 200.
  • the display device provided by the embodiment of the present invention may be any product or component having a display function, such as a liquid crystal display, an electronic paper, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a notebook computer, a digital photo frame, a navigator, and the like.
  • At least one embodiment of the present invention further provides a display method of a display device according to any of the above embodiments.
  • the method includes: controlling display
  • the backlight 100 in the device includes a plurality of first light-emitting components 10 that emit light and the plurality of second light-emitting components 20 do not emit light, or control the plurality of first light-emitting components 10 included in the backlight 100 to emit light.
  • the plurality of second light emitting components 20 emit light to enable the display device to realize 3D display.
  • the plurality of first light-emitting components 10 included in the display substrate (shown in FIG. 6) in the display device may be controlled to emit light and the plurality of second light-emitting components 20 are not Illuminating to enable the display device to achieve 3D display. This method can reduce the power consumption of the display device when performing 3D display.
  • the display method provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention may further include: when the display device includes the display panel and the backlight provided by any of the above embodiments, controlling the plurality of first illumination components 10 included in the backlight 100 and The plurality of second light emitting components 20 emit light at the same time.
  • the display device includes the display substrate provided by any of the above embodiments, the plurality of first light-emitting components 10 included in the display substrate are controlled The plurality of second light emitting components 20 emit light simultaneously to achieve 2D display.
  • the display method provided by the embodiment of the present invention can implement switching of the 2D/3D mode.
  • At least one embodiment of the present invention provides a method of fabricating a backlight.
  • the method includes forming a spacer layer on a carrier substrate such that the spacer layer is spaced apart from each other in a direction parallel to the carrier substrate. a plurality of spacers; forming a plurality of first light-emitting components on the carrier substrate such that the plurality of first light-emitting components are respectively formed between the plurality of spacers in the direction parallel to the carrier substrate; and the carrier substrate A plurality of second light emitting components are formed on the first light emitting component, and the plurality of second light emitting components are spaced apart from each other, and are respectively formed on a side of the plurality of spaced parts away from the carrier substrate.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be used to fabricate the backlight 100 provided by any of the above embodiments.
  • the backlight manufactured by the method of the embodiment of the present invention can also be used as the display substrate provided by any of the above embodiments.
  • forming the plurality of first light-emitting components 10 and the plurality of second light-emitting components 20 includes: on the carrier substrate 30 Forming a first electrode layer 101, a light emitting function layer 102 covering the first electrode layer 101, and a second electrode layer 103 covering the light emitting function layer 102 to form a plurality of light emitting units spaced apart from each other, the plurality of light emitting units including a plurality of Each of the plurality of first light-emitting components 10 includes a plurality of light-emitting units respectively disposed between the partitions 49, and a plurality of light-emitting units respectively disposed between the partitions 49, and a plurality of light-emitting units respectively disposed on the partitions 49.
  • the second light-emitting components 20 respectively include the plurality of light-emitting units respectively disposed on the partitions 49.
  • the light emitting unit formed by the first electrode layer 101, the light emitting function layer 102, and the second electrode layer 103 may be an OLED light emitting device or an LED light emitting device.
  • forming the spacer layer 40 may include: forming a first sub-spacer layer 41, and making the first sub-spacer layer 41 includes a plurality of first sub-spacers 419 spaced apart from each other in a direction parallel to the carrier substrate 30; and a second sub-spacer layer 42 formed on the first sub-spacer layer 41, the second sub-spacer layer 42 being included A plurality of second sub-spacers 429 that are spaced apart from each other and respectively correspond to the plurality of first sub-spacers 419, whereby the spacer layer 40 includes a first sub-spacer layer 41 and a second sub-spacer layer 42.
  • the manufacturing method provided by the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below by taking the first and second light-emitting components and the spacer layer in the backlight shown in FIG. 5a as an example.
  • the manufacturing method of the backlight shown in FIG. 5a may include the following steps S1 to S5.
  • Step S1 As shown in FIG. 10a, a first sub-spacer layer 41 is formed on the carrier substrate 30 to be packaged A plurality of spaced apart first sub-spacers 419 are provided (only one first sub-spacer 419 is shown in Figure 10a).
  • Step S2 As shown in FIG. 10a, a second sub-spacer layer 42 is prepared on the first sub-spacer layer 41 to include a plurality of second sub-spacers 429 (only one second sub-spacer is shown in FIG. 10a). 429) to form the spacer layer 40.
  • the second sub-spacer layer 42 can be formed using a negative photoresist of light absorbing properties to form, for example, an inverted trapezoidal structure.
  • the height of the first and second sub-spacers can be designed according to the actual needs of the 3D display, for example, according to the optimal viewing distance in the 3D display and the pupil distance of the viewer. I won't go into details here.
  • Step S3 As shown in FIG. 10a, after the spacer layer 40 is formed, the electrode layer 111 is formed between the adjacent spacers 49.
  • the electrode layer 111 may employ ITO/Ag/ITO to form a plurality of reflective anodes (two reflective anodes are shown in Figure 10a).
  • Step S4 As shown in FIG. 10b, after the electrode layer 111 is prepared, the light-emitting functional layer 112 may be sequentially deposited between the spacers 49 and over the spacers 49 (including, for example, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, and a light emission). The layer, the electron transport layer and the electron injection layer) and the electrode layer 113, whereby the first light-emitting unit 11 located between the adjacent spacers 49 can be obtained.
  • the electrode layer 113 may be a cathode made of, for example, a transparent metal oxide such as IZO, that is, indium zinc oxide.
  • the light-emitting function layer 112 is interposed between the spacers 49 and above the spacers 49, without using a mask, and the fabrication process is simpler.
  • Step S5 As shown in FIG. 5b, after the first light emitting unit 11 is fabricated, the light emitting function layer 122 and the electrode layer 123 are sequentially deposited between the spacers 49 and the spacers 49 in the manner of step S4, thereby passing The electrode layer 113, the light-emitting function layer 122, and the electrode layer 123 located between the adjacent spacers 49 can obtain the second light-emitting unit 12, and the second light-emitting unit 12 and the first light-emitting unit 11 are connected in series to form the first light-emitting assembly 10. And the second light emitting component 20 is obtained by the electrode layer 113, the light emitting function layer 122, and the electrode layer 123 located above the spacer 49.

Abstract

一种背光源（100）及其制作方法、显示基板、显示装置及其显示方法，背光源（100）包括：承载基板（30）；间隔层（40），其设置在承载基板（30）上且包括沿平行于承载基板（30）的方向彼此间隔设置多个间隔部（49）；多个第一发光组件（10），其在平行于承载基板（30）的方向上分别设置于多个间隔部（49）之间；以及多个第二发光组件（20），其与多个第一发光组件（10）间隔设置，并且分别设置于多个间隔部（49）上。

Description

背光源及其制作方法、显示基板、显示装置及其显示方法 技术领域
本发明的实施例涉及一种背光源及其制作方法、显示基板、显示装置及其显示方法。
背景技术
3D显示是显示技术领域的研究热点。3D显示的基本原理是：观看者的双眼看到不同视角的图像，且分别进入观看者的左眼和右眼的图像之间存在视差，之后观看者的大脑将这些具有视差的图像组合成立体影像。
发明内容
本发明的至少一个实施例提供一种背光源及其制作方法、显示基板、显示装置及其显示方法，以降低显示装置在进行3D显示时的功耗。
本发明的至少一个实施例提供一种背光源，其包括：承载基板；间隔层，其设置在所述承载基板上且包括沿平行于承载基板的方向彼此间隔设置多个间隔部；多个第一发光组件，其在所述平行于所述承载基板的方向上分别设置于所述多个间隔部之间；以及多个第二发光组件，其与所述多个第一发光组件间隔设置，并且分别设置于所述多个间隔部远离所述承载基板的一侧。
例如，每个间隔部的顶端到所述承载基板的距离大于所述第一发光组件的顶端到所述承载基板的距离。
例如，沿所述平行于承载基板的方向，每个间隔部的顶端宽度大于其底端宽度。
例如，所述间隔层的材料包括吸光材料。
例如，所述间隔层的材料包括负性光刻胶。
例如，所述间隔层包括第一子间隔层和第二子间隔层。所述第一子间隔层包括多个彼此间隔设置的第一子间隔部；所述第二子间隔层层叠于所述第一子间隔层的远离所述承载基板的一侧上，并且包括多个彼此间隔设置且分别对应所述多个第一子间隔部的第二子间隔部，所述多个第一子间隔部和所述多个第二子间隔部形成所述多个间隔部。
例如，每个第一子间隔部的顶端宽度大于或等于其对应的第二子间隔部的 底端宽度。
例如，沿所述平行于承载基板的方向，每个第二子间隔部的顶端宽度大于其底端宽度。
例如，所述第二子间隔层的材料包括吸光材料。
例如，所述第二子间隔层的材料包括负性光刻胶。
例如，每个第一发光组件包括在垂直于承载基板的方向上依次设置的第一发光单元和第二发光单元，所述第一发光单元设置于所述第二发光单元和所述承载基板之间。
例如，每个第一发光组件包括的所述第一发光单元和所述第二发光单元共用同一个电极。
例如，每个第二发光组件包括多个层叠设置的发光单元。
例如，所述第一发光组件或第二发光组件在靠近所述承载基板的一侧具有反射层。
本发明的至少一个实施例还提供一种显示基板，其包括：承载基板；间隔层，其设置在所述承载基板上且包括沿平行于承载基板的方向彼此间隔设置多个间隔部；多个第一发光组件，其在所述平行于所述承载基板的方向上分别设置于所述多个间隔部之间；以及多个第二发光组件，其与所述多个第一发光组件间隔设置，并且分别设置于所述多个间隔部远离所述承载基板的一侧。
本发明的至少一个实施例还提供一种显示装置，其包括显示面板和以上任一项所述的背光源，所述显示面板至少部分地设置于所述背光源的照射区域内；或者，所述显示装置包括上述显示基板。
例如，所述显示装置还包括驱动元件，所述驱动元件与所述第一发光组件和所述第二发光组件电连接。
例如，所述驱动元件配置为对所述第一发光组件或所述第二发光组件施加驱动信号，以相应控制所述第一发光组件或所述第二发光组件发光。
例如，所述驱动元件配置为对所述第一发光组件和所述第二发光组件施加驱动信号，以控制所述第一发光组件和所述第二发光组件同时都发光。
例如，所述显示面板包括像素阵列，所述像素阵列包括多个子像素列和多个子像素行，所述多个间隔部在所述像素阵列的行方向上排列；并且相邻的间隔部之间在所述行方向上设置有所述像素阵列的一个或多个子像素。
本发明的至少一个实施例还提供一种上述任一项所述的显示装置的显示 方法，该方法包括：控制所述背光源包括的所述多个第一发光组件发光而所述多个第二发光组件不发光，或者控制所述背光源包括的所述多个第一发光组件不发光而所述多个第二发光组件发光，以实现3D显示；或者控制所述显示基板包括的所述多个第一发光组件发光而所述多个第二发光组件不发光，以实现3D显示。
例如，所述显示方法还包括：控制所述背光源包括的所述多个第一发光组件和所述多个第二发光组件同时发光，以实现2D显示；或者，控制所述显示基板包括的所述多个第一发光组件和所述多个第二发光组件同时发光，以实现2D显示。
本发明的至少一个实施例还提供一种背光源的制作方法，该方法包括：在承载基板上形成间隔层，使所述间隔层包括沿平行于承载基板的方向彼此间隔开的多个间隔部；在所述承载基板上形成多个第一发光组件，使得在所述平行于所述承载基板的方向上，所述多个第一发光组件分别形成于所述多个间隔部之间；以及在所述承载基板上形成多个第二发光组件，使所述多个第二发光组件与所述多个第一发光组件间隔设置，并且分别形成于所述多个间隔部远离所述承载基板的一侧。
例如，形成所述多个第一发光组件和所述多个第二发光组件包括：在所述承载基板上形成第一电极层、覆盖所述第一电极层的发光功能层以及覆盖所述发光功能层的第二电极层以形成多个彼此间隔开的发光单元，所述多个发光单元包括多个分别设置于所述间隔部之间的发光单元和多个分别设置于所述间隔部上的发光单元。在该方法中，所述多个第一发光组件分别包括所述多个分别设置于所述间隔部之间的发光单元，所述多个第二发光组件分别包括所述多个分别设置于所述间隔部上的发光单元。
例如，形成所述间隔层包括：形成第一子间隔层，所述第一子间隔层包括多个在所述平行于所述承载基板的方向上彼此间隔开的第一子间隔部；以及在所述第一子间隔层上形成第二子间隔层，使所述第二子间隔层包括多个彼此间隔开的且分别对应所述多个第一子间隔部的第二子间隔部。在该方法中，所述间隔层包括所述第一子间隔层和所述第二子间隔层。
本发明实施例提供了一种背光源及其制作方法、显示基板、显示装置及其显示方法。在本发明实施例中，在背光源的相邻的间隔部之间设置有第一发光组件并且在间隔部之上设置有第二发光组件，通过控制第一发光组件和第二发 光组件中的一种发光且另一种不发光可以使采用该背光源的显示装置实现3D显示，并且可以降低显示装置在进行3D显示时的功耗。另一方面，本发明实施例可以实现2D显示和3D显示之间的转换。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅涉及本发明的一些实施例，而非对本发明的限制。
图1为一种3D显示方式的示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的一种背光源的剖视示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的另一种背光源的剖视示意图；
图4a为本发明实施例提供的背光源的第一发光组件发光且第二发光组件不发光从而用于实现3D显示的光路示意图；
图4b为本发明实施例提供的背光源的第二发光组件发光且第一发光组件不发光从而用于实现3D显示的光路示意图；
图5a为图3所示背光源的一种局部放大示意图；
图5b为图3所示背光源的另一种局部放大示意图；
图6为本发明实施例提供的显示基板实现3D显示的光路示意图；
图7为本发明实施例提供的显示装置的剖视示意图；
图8为本发明实施例提供的显示装置中显示面板包括的像素阵列与间隔层的位置关系示意图；
图9为本发明实施例提供的制作背光源的方法流程图；以及
图10a至图10b为本发明实施例提供的制作背光源的方法中各步骤的示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例的附图，对本发明实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本发明的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
除非另外定义，本公开使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本发明所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接，而是可以包括电性的连接，不管是直接的还是间接的。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系，当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后，则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
一种常见的3D显示方式是通过视差障栅实现的。例如，如图1所示，可以在显示器的背光源1前放置狭缝光栅2，以使背光源1发出的光线向两个方向分开，进而在通过显示器的像素阵列3(其例如包括红色子像素R、绿色子像素G和蓝色子像素B)之后分别射入观看者的左眼、右眼，以产生双眼视差。然而，这种3D显示方式中损失了一大部分背光，使得显示器在进行3D显示时的功耗较高。
本发明实施例提供了一种背光源及其制作方法、显示基板、显示装置及其显示方法。在本发明实施例中，在背光源的相邻的间隔部之间设置有第一发光组件并且在间隔部之上设置有第二发光组件，通过控制第一发光组件和第二发光组件中的一种发光且另一种不发光可以使采用该背光源的显示装置实现3D显示，并且可以降低显示装置在进行3D显示时的功耗。
下面结合附图对本发明实施例提供的背光源及其制作方法、显示装置及其显示方法进行详细说明。附图中各层薄膜厚度和形状不反映真实比例，目的只是示意说明本发明实施例的内容。
如图2所示，本发明的至少一个实施例提供一种背光源100，其包括：承载基板30、以及设置于该承载基板30上的间隔层40、多个第一发光组件10和多个第二发光组件20。间隔层40包括沿平行于承载基板30的方向(如图2中的箭头所示)彼此间隔设置多个间隔部49；该多个第一发光组件10在上述平行于承载基板30的方向上分别设置于该多个间隔部49之间，从而在该平行于承载基板30的方向上，相邻的第一发光组件10通过间隔部49彼此间隔开；该多个第二发光组件20与该多个第一发光组件10间隔设置并且分别设置于该多个间隔部49远离承载基板30的一侧。
在本发明实施例中，在上述平行于承载基板30的方向上，第二发光组件20与第一发光组件10交替设置，从而当第一发光组件10和第二发光组件20中的一种发光时，该背光源100可以形成狭缝效果，以使采用该背光源100的显示装置实现3D显示。
在本发明实施例中，由于第一发光组件10设置于相邻的间隔部49之间，第一发光组件10的发光面的高度小于第二发光组件20的发光面的高度，并且由于间隔层40包括多个间隔部49，因而，在第一发光组件10发光且第二发光组件20不发光的情况下，可以减小第一发光组件10之间的串扰以获得更好的狭缝效果，从而获得更好的3D显示效果。
在本发明实施例中，当第一发光组件10和第二发光组件20同时发光时，采用该背光源100的显示装置可以实现2D显示，因而本发明实施例提供的背光源可使显示装置实现2D/3D显示的切换。
由于间隔层40包括多个彼此间隔开的间隔部49，因此，在一些实施例中，第一发光组件10和第二发光组件20可以同步制作，以减少制作工艺。
例如，第一发光组件10和第二发光组件20都可以为OLED(有机发光二极管)发光器件或LED(发光二极管)发光器件，在这种情况下，第一、二发光组件都包括发光层和分别设置于该发光层两侧的电极。例如，第一发光组件10和第二发光组件20的制作过程可以包括：如图2所示，在间隔部49之间和间隔部49上依次形成第一电极层101、发光功能层102以及第二电极层103，通过使这些层结构在间隔部49的边缘处断开可以形成第一发光组件10和第二发光组件20。
例如，第一发光组件10或第二发光组件20在靠近承载基板30的一侧可以具有反射层，也就是说，第一或二发光组件可以为顶发射结构。例如，第一或二发光组件的靠近承载基板30的电极(如图2中的101所示)可以采用金属材料制作，以形成上述反射层。通过设置反射层，可以提高第一或二发光组件的发光效率，以进一步降低功耗。
例如，每个间隔部49的顶端(即远离承载基板30的端部)49a到承载基板30的距离可以大于第一发光组件10的顶端10a到承载基板30的距离。通过将间隔部49的顶端49a设置为高于第一发光组件10的顶端10a，一方面便于制作第一、二发光组件时使相邻的第一、二发光组件彼此间隔开；另一方面，当第一发光组件10发光且第二发光组件20不发光以实现3D显示时，可以使 间隔部49遮挡第一发光组件10的部分光线，以减小相邻的第一发光组件10之间的串扰，从而获得更好的3D显示效果。
例如，沿上述平行于承载基板30的方向，每个间隔部49的顶端49a的宽度可以大于其底端(即靠近承载基板30的端部)49b的宽度，在这种情况下，每个间隔部49的截面形状例如为倒梯形。通过形成例如倒梯形的截面形状，一方面更有利于在制作第一、二发光组件时使相邻的第一、二发光组件彼此间隔开，另一方面可以在通过第一发光组件10实现3D显示时进一步减小串扰。
为了便于在制作过程中使间隔部形成例如倒梯形的截面形状，例如，间隔层40的材料可以包括负性光刻胶。
例如，间隔层40的材料可以包括吸光材料，例如采用吸光性质的负性光刻胶(例如黑色负性光刻胶)。这样，在第一发光组件10发光而第二发光组件20不发光以实现3D显示的情况下，可以进一步减小串扰。
图2以间隔层40为单层结构为例进行说明。当然，间隔层40也可以为多层结构，以降低间隔层40的制作难度。例如，如图3所示，间隔层40可以包括第一子间隔层41和第二子间隔层42。第一子间隔层41包括多个彼此间隔设置的第一子间隔部419；第二子间隔层42层叠于第一子间隔层41的远离承载基板30的一侧上，并且包括多个彼此间隔设置且分别对应上述多个第一子间隔部419的第二子间隔部429，该多个第一子间隔部419和该多个第二子间隔部429形成上述多个间隔部49。
例如，每个第一子间隔部419的顶端419a的宽度可以大于或等于其对应的第二子间隔部429的底端429b的宽度。这样便于第二子间隔部429的制作。
例如，沿上述平行于承载基板30的方向(如图3中的箭头所示)，每个第二子间隔部429的顶端429a的宽度可以大于其底端429b的宽度，在这种情况下，每个间隔部49的截面形状例如为倒梯形。通过形成例如倒梯形的截面形状，一方面更有利于在制作第一、二发光组件时使相邻的第一、二发光组件彼此间隔开，另一方面可以在通过第一发光组件10实现3D显示时进一步减小串扰。
例如，为了便于在制作过程中使第二子间隔部429形成例如倒梯形的截面形状，第二子间隔层42的材料可以包括负性光刻胶。
例如，第二子间隔层42的材料可以包括吸光材料，例如采用吸光性质的负性光刻胶(例如黑色负性光刻胶)。这样，在第一发光组件10发光而第二发 光组件20不发光以实现3D显示的情况下，可以减小串扰。
下面结合图4a和图4b，对背光源为显示装置的显示面板提供背光时使显示装置实现3D显示的原理进行说明。
例如，如图4a所示，在位于间隔部49之间的第一发光组件10发光且位于间隔部49之上的第二发光组件20不发光的情况下，间隔部49所在位置处不发光，从而间隔层40相当于狭缝光栅，这使得在第一发光组件10发出的光透过显示面板50的像素单元(参见图4a中的L、R)之后，观看者的左眼和右眼看到不同的像素单元(即形成双眼视差)，由此实现3D显示。需要说明的是，图4a中的L表示观看者左眼看到的像素单元，R表示观看者右眼看到的像素单元。此外，如图4a所示，左侧的第一发光组件10发射的用于进入观看者右眼的部分光线和右侧的第一发光组件10发射的用于进入观看者左眼的部分光线都可以被间隔层40遮挡，这样可以减小这两个第一发光组件10之间的串扰。
例如，如图4b所示，在第一发光组件10不发光且第二发光组件20发光的情况下，间隔层40的间隔部49之间的区域为不发光区域，因而间隔层40可视为后置光栅，从而在第二发光组件20发出的光透过显示面板50的像素单元之后，观看者的左眼和右眼看到不同的像素单元，由此实现3D显示。
在本发明的至少一个实施例提供的背光源100中，第一发光组件10可以包括多个层叠设置的发光单元，例如，如图3所示，每个第一发光组件10包括在垂直于承载基板30的方向上依次设置的第一发光单元11和第二发光单元12，第一发光单元11设置于第二发光单元12和承载基板30之间。通过将第一发光单元11和第二发光单元12串联在一起以形成第一发光组件10，一方面可以降低每个发光单元的功耗，从而延长每个发光单元的寿命；另一方面，在某个发光单元损坏的情况下，其余的发光单元还可以正常工作，从而第一发光组件的寿命和工作稳定性都得以提高。
在每个第一发光组件10中，第一发光单元11和第二发光单元12可以同时发光，也可以不同时发光。例如，第一、二发光单元都可以为OLED发光器件或LED发光器件，在这种情况下，第一、二发光单元都可以包括发光层及分别位于该发光层两侧的电极。
例如，在第一发光组件10包括多个层叠的发光单元的情况下，第一发光组件10的制作过程可以包括：如图5a所示，在间隔部49之间依次形成电极 层111、发光功能层112、再一电极层113、再一发光功能层122以及另一电极层123，从而电极层111、发光功能层112和电极层113在相邻的间隔部49之间形成第一发光单元11，且电极层113、发光功能层122和电极层123在相邻的间隔部49之间形成第二发光单元12，每个第二发光单元12与其下方的第一发光单元11串联在一起以形成第一发光组件10。
在图5a所示的实施方式中，每个第一发光组件10包括的第一发光单元11和第二发光单元12共用同一个电极(如图5a中的电极层113的位于间隔部49之间的部分所示)。这样可以简化第一发光组件10的制作工艺。当然，第一、二发光单元11、12也可以不共用电极。
在第一发光组件10包括多个发光单元的情况下，例如，第二发光组件可以包括单个发光单元。例如，该单个发光单元，可以与第一发光组件10包括的任一发光单元同步制作。例如，在图5a所示的实施方式的基础上，第二发光组件20的制作过程可以包括：如图5a所示，在形成电极层113、发光功能层122和电极层123时使这些层结构包括依次沉积在间隔部49上的部分，以形成第二发光组件20。当然，第二发光组件20也可以通过电极层111、发光功能层112和电极层113的依次沉积在间隔部49上的部分形成；或者，第二发光组件20也可以通过电极层111、发光功能层122和电极层123的依次沉积在间隔部49上的部分形成。本发明实施例中第二发光组件的形成方式包括但不限于这些方式。
当然，每个第二发光组件20也可以包括多个层叠设置的发光单元29，如图5b所示，以提高第二发光组件20的寿命和工作稳定性。第二发光组件20包括的多个发光单元的制作方式可参考第一发光组件10包括的多个发光单元的制作方式，重复之处不再赘述。
本发明的至少一个实施例还提供一种显示基板，如图6所示，该显示基板包括承载基板30、以及设置于该承载基板30上的间隔层40、多个第一发光组件10和多个第二发光组件20。间隔层40包括沿平行于承载基板30的方向(如图2中的箭头所示)彼此间隔设置多个间隔部49；该多个第一发光组件10在上述平行于承载基板30的方向上分别设置于该多个间隔部49之间，从而在该平行于承载基板30的方向上，相邻的第一发光组件10通过间隔部49彼此间隔开；该多个第二发光组件20与该多个第一发光组件10间隔设置并且分别设置于该多个间隔部49上。例如，上述显示基板还可包括设置在承载基板上的 多个薄膜晶体管以分别驱动多个第一发光组件和多个第二发光组件独立进行发光，从而可显示画面。当然，本实施例提供的显示基板还可设置驱动电路等其他结构以实现显示画面，本发明实施例在此不再赘述。另外，本实施例提供的显示基板为自发光的显示基板，例如OLED显示基板或量子点显示基板，不需要额外设置背光源。
如图6所示，在位于间隔部49之间的第一发光组件10发光且位于间隔部49之上的第二发光组件20不发光的情况下，间隔部49所在位置处不发光，从而间隔层40可以形成狭缝光栅，这使得观看者的左眼和右眼看到图像之间存在视差，从而本发明实施例提供的显示基板不需要搭配额外的显示面板即可直接实现3D显示。
例如，在第一、二发光组件同时发光的情况下，该显示基板可以实现2D显示，因此，本发明实施例提供的显示基板可以实现2D显示模式和3D显示模式之间的切换。
在本发明实施例提供的显示基板中，各结构可参考上述背光源的实施例中的相关描述。例如，间隔层40可以包括第一间隔层41和第二间隔层42。例如，第一发光组件10可以包括多个层叠设置的发光单元(如图6所示)，或者第二发光组件10也可以包括多个层叠设置的发光单元。重复之处不再赘述。
本发明的至少一个实施例还提供一种显示装置，如图7所示，该显示装置包括显示面板200和以上任一实施例提供的背光源100，该显示面板200至少部分地设置于背光源100的照射区域内。
本发明的至少一个实施例还可提供一种显示装置，该显示装置包括以上任一实施例提供的显示基板。例如，本发明的至少一个实施例提供的显示装置还可以包括驱动元件300，该驱动元件300与第一发光组件10和第二发光组件20电连接。图7所示的实施方式仅以驱动元件300设置于背光源100的承载基板30上为例进行说明。当然，驱动元件300的设置位置包括但不限于图7所示方式。
例如，驱动元件300可以对第一发光组件10或第二发光组件20施加驱动信号，以相应控制第一发光组件10或第二发光组件20发光。在显示装置包括显示面板200和背光源100的情况下，这样可以使该显示装置实现3D显示；在显示装置包括显示基板的情况下，通过控制第一发光组件发光且第二发光组件不发光，可以使该显示装置实现3D显示。
例如，驱动元件300可以对第一发光组件10和第二发光组件20施加驱动信号，以控制第一发光组件10和第二发光组件20同时都发光。由此可以使该显示装置实现2D显示。
例如，驱动元件300可以为驱动IC(集成电路)等驱动电路。
图7以显示装置包括显示面板200和背光源100为例。当然，在显示装置包括上述显示基板的情况下，该显示装置也可以包括上述驱动元件300。
例如，显示面板200可以为液晶面板，其例如包括彼此相对设置的阵列基板210和对置基板220、以及设置于二者之间的液晶层230。
例如，如图8所示，显示面板200包括像素阵列240，该像素阵列240包括多个子像素列241和多个子像素行242，背光源包括的多个间隔部49在像素阵列240的行方向上排列。在行方向上，每相邻的两个间隔部49之间可以设置有一个子像素(例如红色子像素R、绿色子像素G或蓝色子像素B，如图8所示)，或者每相邻的两个间隔部49之间可以设置有多个子像素。通过这样设置间隔部49，可以使背光源在第一发光组件和第二发光组件不同时发光时形成狭缝效果，并且狭缝的延伸方向大致沿像素阵列的列方向，从而使背光源发出的光在透过显示面板200后可以实现3D显示。例如，本发明实施例提供的显示装置可以为液晶显示器、电子纸、手机、平板电脑、电视机、笔记本电脑、数码相框、导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件。
本发明的至少一个实施例还提供一种根据上述任一实施例提供的显示装置的显示方法，当该显示装置包括显示面板和以上任一实施例提供的背光源时，该方法包括：控制显示装置中的背光源100(如图7所示)包括的多个第一发光组件10发光而多个第二发光组件20不发光，或者控制背光源100包括的多个第一发光组件10不发光而多个第二发光组件20发光，以使该显示装置实现3D显示。当该显示装置包括以上任一实施例提供的显示基板时，可控制显示装置中的显示基板(如图6所示)包括的多个第一发光组件10发光且多个第二发光组件20不发光，以使该显示装置实现3D显示。该方法可以降低显示装置在进行3D显示时的功耗。
例如，本发明的至少一个实施例提供的显示方法还可以包括：当该显示装置包括显示面板和以上任一实施例提供的背光源时，控制背光源100包括的多个第一发光组件10和多个第二发光组件20同时发光。当该显示装置包括以上任一实施例提供的显示基板时，控制显示基板包括的多个第一发光组件10和 多个第二发光组件20同时发光，以实现2D显示。本发明实施例提供的显示方法可以实现2D/3D模式的切换。
本发明的至少一个实施例提供一种背光源的制作方法，如图9所示，该方法包括：在承载基板上形成间隔层，使该间隔层包括沿平行于承载基板的方向彼此间隔开的多个间隔部；在承载基板上形成多个第一发光组件，使在该平行于承载基板的方向上，该多个第一发光组件分别形成于该多个间隔部之间；以及在承载基板上形成多个第二发光组件，使该多个第二发光组件与该多个第一发光组件间隔设置，并且分别形成于该多个间隔部远离所述承载基板的一侧。
本发明实施例提供的方法可以用于制作上述任一实施例提供的背光源100。此外，本发明实施例的方法制作的背光源也可以用作上述任一实施例提供的显示基板。
例如，以如图2所示的背光源100为例，在本发明的至少一个实施例提供的方法中，形成多个第一发光组件10和多个第二发光组件20包括：在承载基板30上形成第一电极层101、覆盖第一电极层101的发光功能层102以及覆盖发光功能层102的第二电极层103以形成多个彼此间隔开的发光单元，该多个发光单元包括多个分别设置于间隔部49之间的发光单元和多个分别设置于间隔部49上的发光单元，多个第一发光组件10分别包括该多个分别设置于间隔部49之间的发光单元，多个第二发光组件20分别包括该多个分别设置于间隔部49上的发光单元。
例如，通过第一电极层101、发光功能层102和第二电极层103形成的发光单元可以为OLED发光器件或LED发光器件。
例如，以如图3所示的背光源100为例，在本发明的至少一个实施例提供的方法中，形成间隔层40可以包括：形成第一子间隔层41，使该第一子间隔层41包括多个在上述平行于承载基板30的方向上彼此间隔开的第一子间隔部419；以及在第一子间隔层41上形成第二子间隔层42，使第二子间隔层42包括多个彼此间隔开的且分别对应多个第一子间隔部419的第二子间隔部429，由此，间隔层40包括第一子间隔层41和第二子间隔层42。
下面以图5a所示的背光源中的第一、二发光组件和间隔层为例，对本发明实施例提供的制作方法进行详细说明。例如，如图10a至图10b所示，图5a所示的背光源的制作方法可以包括以下步骤S1至步骤S5。
步骤S1：如图10a所示，在承载基板30上形成第一子间隔层41，使其包 括多个间隔设置的第一子间隔部419(图10a中仅示出了一个第一子间隔部419)。
步骤S2：如图10a所示，在第一子间隔层41上制备第二子间隔层42，使其包括多个第二子间隔部429(图10a中仅示出了一个第二子间隔部429)，以形成间隔层40。
例如，第二子间隔层42可以采用吸光性质的负性光刻胶制作，以形成例如倒梯形结构。
第一、二子间隔层的高度可以根据3D显示的实际需要进行设计，例如根据3D显示时的最佳观看距离和观看者的瞳距进行设计。这里不做赘述。
步骤S3：如图10a所示，在制作完间隔层40之后，在相邻的间隔部49之间形成电极层111。例如，电极层111可以采用ITO/Ag/ITO，以形成多个反射阳极(图10a中示出了2个反射阳极)。
步骤S4：如图10b所示，在制备完电极层111之后，可以在间隔部49之间和间隔部49之上依次沉积发光功能层112(例如包括空穴注入层、空穴传输层、发光层、电子传输层和电子注入层)以及电极层113，由此可得到位于相邻的间隔部49之间的第一发光单元11。例如，电极层113可以为阴极，其例如采用透明金属氧化物(例如IZO，即氧化铟锌)制作。间隔部49之间和间隔部49之上的发光功能层112同时沉积，无需使用掩膜版，制作工艺更简单。
步骤S5：如图5b所示，在制作完第一发光单元11之后，按照步骤S4中的方式在间隔部49之间以及间隔部49之上依次沉积发光功能层122和电极层123，从而通过位于相邻的间隔部49之间的电极层113、发光功能层122和电极层123可得到第二发光单元12，第二发光单元12和第一发光单元11串联在一起形成第一发光组件10，并且通过位于间隔部49之上的电极层113、发光功能层122和电极层123可得到第二发光组件20。
以上所述仅是本发明的示范性实施方式，而非用于限制本发明的保护范围，本发明的保护范围由所附的权利要求确定。
本申请要求于2016年5月20日递交的中国专利申请第201610342096.9号的优先权，在此全文引用上述中国专利申请公开的内容以作为本申请的一部分。

Claims (31)

  1. 一种背光源，包括：
    承载基板；
    间隔层，其设置在所述承载基板上且包括沿平行于承载基板的方向彼此间隔设置多个间隔部；
    多个第一发光组件，在所述平行于所述承载基板的方向上分别设置于所述多个间隔部之间；以及
    多个第二发光组件，与所述多个第一发光组件间隔设置，并且分别设置于所述多个间隔部远离所述承载基板的一侧。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的背光源，其中，每个间隔部的顶端到所述承载基板的距离大于所述第一发光组件的顶端到所述承载基板的距离。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的背光源，其中，沿所述平行于承载基板的方向，每个间隔部的顶端宽度大于其底端宽度。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的背光源，其中，所述间隔层的材料包括吸光材料。
  5. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的背光源，其中，所述间隔层的材料包括负性光刻胶。
  6. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的背光源，其中，所述间隔层包括：
    第一子间隔层，包括多个彼此间隔设置的第一子间隔部；
    第二子间隔层，层叠于所述第一子间隔层的远离所述承载基板的一侧上，并且包括多个彼此间隔设置且分别对应所述多个第一子间隔部的第二子间隔部，其中，
    所述多个第一子间隔部和所述多个第二子间隔部形成所述多个间隔部。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的背光源，其中，每个所述第一子间隔部的顶端宽度大于或等于其对应的所述第二子间隔部的底端宽度。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的背光源，其中，沿所述平行于承载基板的方向，每个所述第二子间隔部的顶端宽度大于其底端宽度。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的背光源，其中，所述第二子间隔层的材料包括吸光材料。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的背光源，其中，所述第二子间隔层的材料包括 负性光刻胶。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的背光源，其中，每个所述第一发光组件包括在垂直于承载基板的方向上依次设置的第一发光单元和第二发光单元，所述第一发光单元设置于所述第二发光单元和所述承载基板之间。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的背光源，其中，每个所述第一发光组件包括的所述第一发光单元和所述第二发光单元共用同一个电极。
  13. 根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的背光源，其中，每个第二发光组件包括多个层叠设置的发光单元。
  14. 根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的背光源，其中，所述第一发光组件或第二发光组件在靠近所述承载基板的一侧具有反射层。
  15. 一种显示基板，包括：
    承载基板；
    间隔层，其设置在所述承载基板上且包括沿平行于承载基板的方向彼此间隔设置多个间隔部；
    多个第一发光组件，在所述平行于所述承载基板的方向上分别设置于所述多个间隔部之间；以及
    多个第二发光组件，与所述多个第一发光组件间隔设置，并且分别设置于所述多个间隔部远离所述承载基板的一侧。
  16. 一种显示装置，包括：
    显示面板和权利要求1至14中任一项所述的背光源，其中，所述显示面板至少部分地设置于所述背光源的照射区域内。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的显示装置，还包括：
    驱动元件，与所述第一发光组件和所述第二发光组件电连接。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的显示装置，其中，所述驱动元件配置为对所述第一发光组件或所述第二发光组件施加驱动信号，以相应控制所述第一发光组件或所述第二发光组件发光。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的显示装置，其中，所述驱动元件配置为对所述第一发光组件和所述第二发光组件施加驱动信号，以控制所述第一发光组件和所述第二发光组件同时都发光。
  20. 根据权利要求16至19中任一项所述的显示装置，其中，所述显示面板包括像素阵列，所述像素阵列包括多个子像素列和多个子像素行，所述多个 间隔部在所述像素阵列的行方向上排列；并且相邻的间隔部之间在所述行方向上设置有所述像素阵列的一个或多个子像素。
  21. 一种显示装置，包括：根据权利要求15所述的显示基板。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的显示装置，还包括：
    驱动元件，与所述第一发光组件和所述第二发光组件电连接。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的显示装置，其中，所述驱动元件配置为对所述第一发光组件或所述第二发光组件施加驱动信号，以相应控制所述第一发光组件或所述第二发光组件发光。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的显示装置，其中，所述驱动元件配置为对所述第一发光组件和所述第二发光组件施加驱动信号，以控制所述第一发光组件和所述第二发光组件同时都发光。
  25. 一种根据权利要求16或17所述的显示装置的显示方法，包括：
    控制所述背光源包括的所述多个第一发光组件发光而所述多个第二发光组件不发光，或者控制所述背光源包括的所述多个第一发光组件不发光而所述多个第二发光组件发光，以实现3D显示。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的显示方法，还包括：
    控制所述背光源包括的所述多个第一发光组件和所述多个第二发光组件同时发光，以实现2D显示。
  27. 一种根据权利要求21或22所述的显示装置的显示方法，包括：
    控制所述显示基板包括的所述多个第一发光组件发光而所述多个第二发光组件不发光，以实现3D显示。
  28. 根据权利要求27所述的显示方法，还包括：
    控制所述显示基板包括的所述多个第一发光组件和所述多个第二发光组件同时发光，以实现2D显示。
  29. 一种背光源的制作方法，包括：
    在承载基板上形成间隔层，其中，所述间隔层包括沿平行于承载基板的方向彼此间隔开的多个间隔部；
    在所述承载基板上形成多个第一发光组件，其中，在所述平行于所述承载基板的方向上，所述多个第一发光组件分别形成于所述多个间隔部之间；以及
    在所述承载基板上形成多个第二发光组件，其中，所述多个第二发光组件与所述多个第一发光组件间隔设置，并且分别形成于所述多个间隔部远离所述 承载基板的一侧。
  30. 根据权利要求29所述的制作方法，其中，形成所述多个第一发光组件和所述多个第二发光组件包括：
    在所述承载基板上形成第一电极层、覆盖所述第一电极层的发光功能层以及覆盖所述发光功能层的第二电极层以形成多个彼此间隔开的发光单元，所述多个发光单元包括多个分别设置于所述间隔部之间的发光单元和多个分别设置于所述间隔部上的发光单元，其中，
    所述多个第一发光组件分别包括所述多个分别设置于所述间隔部之间的发光单元，所述多个第二发光组件分别包括所述多个分别设置于所述间隔部上的发光单元。
  31. 根据权利要求29或30所述的制作方法，其中，形成所述间隔层包括：
    形成第一子间隔层，所述第一子间隔层包括多个在所述平行于所述承载基板的方向上彼此间隔开的第一子间隔部；以及
    在所述第一子间隔层上形成第二子间隔层，其中，所述第二子间隔层包括多个彼此间隔开的且分别对应所述多个第一子间隔部的第二子间隔部，
    其中，所述间隔层包括所述第一子间隔层和所述第二子间隔层。
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