WO2017193431A1 - 一种智能复合材料芯导线及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种智能复合材料芯导线及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017193431A1
WO2017193431A1 PCT/CN2016/084429 CN2016084429W WO2017193431A1 WO 2017193431 A1 WO2017193431 A1 WO 2017193431A1 CN 2016084429 W CN2016084429 W CN 2016084429W WO 2017193431 A1 WO2017193431 A1 WO 2017193431A1
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Prior art keywords
fiber
composite core
monofilament
optical fiber
fibers
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PCT/CN2016/084429
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
任桂芳
田超凯
王志伟
赵宏飞
宋朝印
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中复碳芯电缆科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2017193431A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017193431A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B9/00—Power cables
    • H01B9/005—Power cables including optical transmission elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B5/00—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B5/08—Several wires or the like stranded in the form of a rope
    • H01B5/10—Several wires or the like stranded in the form of a rope stranded around a space, insulating material, or dissimilar conducting material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B5/00—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B5/08—Several wires or the like stranded in the form of a rope
    • H01B5/10—Several wires or the like stranded in the form of a rope stranded around a space, insulating material, or dissimilar conducting material
    • H01B5/102—Several wires or the like stranded in the form of a rope stranded around a space, insulating material, or dissimilar conducting material stranded around a high tensile strength core
    • H01B5/105—Several wires or the like stranded in the form of a rope stranded around a space, insulating material, or dissimilar conducting material stranded around a high tensile strength core composed of synthetic filaments, e.g. glass-fibres
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B9/00—Power cables

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wire, in particular to an intelligent composite core wire and a preparation method thereof.
  • the wire and cable used for remote large-capacity power transmission is generally made of steel-cored aluminum stranded wire. It not only consumes a large amount of energy, but also has a small current carrying capacity. The resulting power failure and power failure have occurred, and it has become a development of the power industry. A big "bottleneck". If composite core wire is used, it has a series of advantages such as large current capacity, saving transmission corridor, saving energy, high safety factor, saving tower cost, reducing floor space and reducing carbon emissions compared with traditional steel-cored aluminum stranded wire. The energy-saving, environmental protection and safety of power transmission are realized, but the composite cable in the prior art generally has a power transmission function, does not have a communication function, and does not have functions such as monitoring stress and monitoring temperature inside the wire.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a high temperature resistance, large capacity, low energy consumption, long service life, low sag, excellent performance, not only transmission function, but also communication, measurement and monitoring wire. Smart composite core wire for stress and monitoring wire temperature.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a composite core wire having high continuous stability.
  • the composite core prepared by the invention has the advantages of very good straightness, roundness, no bending, good color consistency, high strength, long service life, no eccentricity and good aging resistance.
  • the prepared intelligent composite core wire has the advantages of high wire tightness and filling rate, uniform appearance and no defects, high temperature resistance, large current capacity, small sag, etc., and can monitor the operation of the line, and has comprehensive functions and strong practicability.
  • An intelligent composite core wire comprising: a composite core and a single wire stranded on a periphery of the composite core; the composite core or a single wire is provided with an optical fiber or a fiber protection tube for communication or monitoring, and the optical fiber protection tube is disposed With fiber optics.
  • the smart composite core wire described above is made of copper, aluminum, aluminum-magnesium-silicon alloy or aluminum-zirconium alloy, and the single-line cross-sectional shape is circular, trapezoidal or Z-shaped.
  • the smart composite core wire described above has a composite core diameter of 0.1 mm to 15 mm.
  • the smart composite core wire and the fiber protection tube (4) have a cross-sectional shape of a circle, an ellipse, a rectangle, a triangle, and the like; the material may be metal or non-metal.
  • the smart composite core wire, the composite core or the single wire is provided with one or more optical fibers; or the composite core or the single wire is provided with one or more optical protection tubes, and the optical protection tube is provided with a Root or multiple fibers.
  • the intelligent composite core wire described above the composite core comprises high-strength fibers and high elongation elongation fibers or fabrics coated around the high-strength fibers; the high elongation elongation fibers or fabrics may be distributed in multiple layers. Around high strength fibers.
  • the method for preparing the smart composite core wire comprises the following steps:
  • the high-strength fiber and the high-stretch elongation fiber or fabric are placed on the creel, pulled out by the tractor, and then dehumidified by the dehumidifier, respectively, and then fully impregnated with the resin glue through the glue tank; the high-strength fiber is drawn into the body.
  • the pre-cured mold enters the curing mold after preheating, and then the high elongation elongation fiber or fabric is sequentially passed through the rectangular dividing plate and the flat guiding plate, and then enters the curing mold together with the high-strength fiber, and at the same time, one is added to the curing mold or Multiple fiber or fiber protection tubes; make high elongation elongation fibers or fabrics coated around high-strength fibers and fiber or fiber protection tubes.
  • the resin glue is solidified in a curing mold to form a composite core, and is protected by fiber. Adding an optical fiber into the tube; then winding the composite core through the winder;
  • the Conform continuous extrusion machine is firstly used to straighten and clean the aluminum rod, remove the oxide layer, and then extrude into the aluminum extrusion mold.
  • the aluminum extrusion mold is designed for the monofilament hollow, and the diameter of the monofilament is 0.5-2.0 mm after extrusion. a continuous cavity, and then after the monofilament production is completed, a single or multiple fibers are inserted into the continuous cavity of the monofilament by a fiber blowing process;
  • the Conform continuous extruder is used to straighten and clean the aluminum rod to remove the oxide layer, and then the aluminum rod is extruded into the aluminum extrusion mold, and one or more optical fiber protection tubes are positioned in the monofilament to produce the monofilament. After completion, a single or multiple fibers are inserted into the fiber protection tube by a fiber blowing process;
  • the composite core prepared in the step (1) is taken out from the pay-off machine by the tractor, and sequentially passes through the first stranding section, the second stranding section and the third stranding section, and the step (2) is prepared.
  • the monofilament provided with the optical fiber inside or the step (3) is provided with a monofilament stranded with a fiber protection tube to obtain a single sheet on the outer surface of the composite core, and finally the prepared lead is wound by a winder.
  • the composite core prepared in the step (1) is taken out from the pay-off machine by the traction machine, and sequentially passes through the first stranding section, the second stranding section and the third stranding section, and the monofilament is twisted at
  • the outer surface of the composite core is obtained as a single wire, and finally, the wire is wound up by a winder; the inner wire is provided with an optical fiber or a fiber protection tube with an optical fiber inside.
  • Conform continuous extruder used above can also be used with other conventional aluminum continuous extruders.
  • Another method for preparing a smart composite core wire comprises the following steps:
  • the high-strength fiber and the high-stretch elongation fiber or fabric are placed on the creel, pulled out by the tractor, and then dehumidified by a dehumidifier, and then the high-strength fiber and the high elongation elongation fiber or fabric are drawn into the injection mold.
  • one or more optical fibers or optical fiber protection tubes containing optical fibers are added into the injection mold, and the resin glue is injected into the injection mold by a multi-component or single-component injection device, high-strength fibers and high elongation elongation fibers or fabrics. After being fully wetted by the resin glue in the injection mold, it enters the curing mold, and the resin glue is solidified to form a composite core, and finally is wound by a winder;
  • the Conform continuous extrusion machine is firstly used to straighten and clean the aluminum rod, remove the oxide layer, and then extrude into the aluminum extrusion mold.
  • the aluminum extrusion mold is designed for the monofilament hollow, and the diameter of the monofilament is 0.5-2.0 mm after extrusion. a continuous cavity, and then after the monofilament production is completed, a single or multiple fibers are inserted into the continuous cavity of the monofilament by a cable air blowing process;
  • the Conform continuous extruder is used to straighten and clean the aluminum rod to remove the oxide layer, and then the aluminum rod is extruded into the aluminum extrusion mold, and one or more optical fiber protection tubes are positioned in the monofilament to produce the monofilament. After completion, a single or multiple fibers are inserted into the fiber protection tube by a cable air blowing process;
  • the composite core prepared in the step (1) is taken out from the pay-off machine by the tractor, and sequentially passes through the first stranding section, the second stranding section and the third stranding section, and the step (2) is prepared.
  • the monofilament provided with the optical fiber inside or the step (3) is provided with a monofilament stranded with a fiber protection tube to obtain a single sheet on the outer surface of the composite core, and finally the prepared lead is wound by a winder.
  • the method for preparing the smart composite core wire described above is that the material of the single wire is copper, aluminum, aluminum magnesium silicon alloy or aluminum zirconium alloy; the cross-sectional shape of the single wire is circular, trapezoidal or Z-shaped and the like.
  • the method for preparing the smart composite core wire described above has a diameter of 0.1 mm to 15 mm;
  • the high-strength fiber may preferably be carbon fiber, graphite fiber, silicon carbide fiber, ultra-high strength polyethylene fiber, poly-p-phenylene benzobisoxazole fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber, polyphthaloyl p-phenylenediamine fiber. , aramid copolymer fiber or heterocyclic polyamide fiber; high elongation elongation fiber or fabric is glass fiber, aramid fiber, carbon fiber, polyester type and polyether type polyurethane fiber, polyacrylate Fiber-like or polybutylene terephthalate fiber.
  • the optical fiber is an optical fiber for communication or monitoring stress or temperature function
  • the fiber type may be quartz glass, multi-component glass, plastic, composite material, infrared material
  • the material may be an inorganic material, a metal material or a plastic
  • the outer portion of the optical fiber may be wrapped with a protective layer material.
  • the resin glue is thermoplastic or thermoset Resin.
  • thermoplastic resin such as epoxy resin, polyester resin, vinyl resin, polyurethane resin, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyetheretherketone or polyphenylene sulfide;
  • the fiber or the fiber protection tube may be distributed or concentrated; the fiber protection tube is provided with one or more optical fibers, and the function of each fiber may be communication and monitoring. Different functions of stress and / or monitoring temperature.
  • the smart composite core wire described above and the preparation method thereof the high elongation elongation fiber is uniformly coated around the high strength fiber, and the high fracture fiber layer can be distributed in multiple layers around the high strength fiber layer, for example, for example. Multi-layer ring structure.
  • the method for preparing the smart composite core wire described above is that the material of the injection mold is metal or non-metal, and a cooling device is arranged outside the injection mold to prevent the injection mold from overheating and causing the mold to be blocked.
  • the smart composite core wire and the preparation method thereof are filled into a pre-curing mold by a multi-component or single-component injection device, and the injection molding device may be an injection machine, a glue injection machine, etc., according to the resin.
  • the type determines the type of glue injection machine;
  • the number of layers of the composite core outer stranded single wire is one or more layers, and the cross-sectional shapes of the monofilaments between the single wires of the respective layers are the same or different.
  • the method for preparing the smart composite core wire described above is prefabricated with a fiber and a fiber protection tube in a single wire, and the fiber and the fiber protection tube may be in a single wire or in a plurality of single wires.
  • the twisted directions of the single wires of the respective layers are opposite, and the twisted directions of the outermost single wires are rightward or leftward.
  • the smart composite core wire provided by the present invention and the preparation method thereof have the following advantages compared with the prior art:
  • the intelligent composite material core wire provided by the invention has reasonable structural design, high temperature resistance, large capacity, low energy consumption, long service life, low sag, excellent performance, etc.
  • the intelligent composite material core wire designed by the invention not only has the power transmission function, but also The function of communication, measuring the stress of the conductor and monitoring the temperature of the conductor can ensure the operation of the conductor, and the combination of transmission and communication is beneficial to save costs.
  • the preparation method of the intelligent composite core wire provided by the invention has strong operability, process line production, high production efficiency and high degree of automation; the prepared composite core has very good straightness, roundness and no bending. And the color consistency is good, the strength is high, the service life is long, no eccentricity, good aging resistance and the like.
  • the prepared smart composite core wire has the advantages of high wire tightness and filling rate, uniform appearance and no defect, high temperature resistance, large current carrying capacity and small sag.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cross section of a first type of smart composite core wire provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a cross section of a second type of smart composite core wire provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a smart composite core provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a process for preparing a smart composite core in a method for preparing a smart composite core wire provided by the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing another preparation process of the smart composite core in the method for preparing the smart composite core wire provided by the invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the process of stranding a single wire on the periphery of a composite core.
  • an intelligent composite core wire comprises: a composite core (1) and a single wire (2) stranded on the periphery of the composite core (1); the composite core ( 1) One or more optical fibers (3) for communication or monitoring are provided in the single line (2).
  • the smart composite core wire described above is characterized in that the single wire is made of copper, aluminum, aluminum magnesium silicon alloy or aluminum zirconium alloy, and the single wire has a circular or trapezoidal cross-sectional shape.
  • the composite core (1) has a diameter of 0.1 mm to 15 mm.
  • the composite core (1) comprises high strength fibers (11) and high elongation at break fibers or fabrics (12) coated around the high strength fibers (11); high elongation at break
  • the fibers or fabric (12) may be distributed in a single layer or multiple layers around the high strength fibers (11) as shown in FIG.
  • an intelligent composite core wire comprises: a composite core (1) and a single wire (2) stranded on the periphery of the composite core (1); the composite core ( 1) One or more fiber protection tubes (4) are provided in the single wire (2), and one or more optical fibers (3) for communication or monitoring are disposed in the fiber protection tube (4).
  • the smart composite core wire described above is made of copper, aluminum, aluminum magnesium silicon alloy or aluminum zirconium alloy, and the single wire has a circular or trapezoidal cross-sectional shape.
  • the composite core (1) has a diameter of 0.1 mm to 15 mm.
  • the composite core (1) comprises high strength fibers (11) and is coated at high strength High elongation at break fibers or fabric (12) around the fibers (11); high elongation at break fibers or fabrics (12) may be distributed in a single layer or multiple layers around the high strength fibers (11), as shown in FIG.
  • the smart composite core wire, the fiber protection tube (4) has a circular cross section; the material may be metal or non-metal.
  • a method for preparing a smart composite core wire includes the following steps:
  • the high-strength fiber (11) and the high elongation elongation fiber or fabric (12) are placed on the creel (1-1), pulled out by the tractor (1-5), and then passed through a dehumidifier (1-2). Dehumidification, and then fully impregnate the resin glue through the glue tank (1-3); the high-strength fiber (11) is drawn into the pre-curing mold to preheat and then enter the curing mold (1-4), and then the high elongation at break
  • the fiber or fabric (12) passes through the rectangular dividing plate and the flat guiding plate in turn, it enters the curing mold (1-4) simultaneously with the high-strength fiber (11), and simultaneously adds one in the curing mold (1-4) or Multiple fibers (3) or fiber protection tubes (4); such that high elongation elongation fibers or fabrics (12) are coated around high-strength fibers (11) and fibers (3) or fiber protection tubes (4), resin glue After the liquid is solidified in the curing mold (1-4),
  • the Conform continuous extrusion machine is firstly used to straighten and clean the aluminum rod, remove the oxide layer, and then extrude into the aluminum extrusion mold.
  • the aluminum extrusion mold is designed for the monofilament hollow, and the diameter of the monofilament is 0.5-2.0 mm after extrusion. a continuous cavity, and then after the monofilament production is completed, a single or multiple optical fibers (3) are inserted into the continuous cavity of the monofilament by a cable air blowing process;
  • the aluminum rod is straightened and cleaned to remove the oxide layer.
  • one or more fiber protection tubes (4) are positioned in the monofilament.
  • a single or multiple optical fibers (3) are inserted into the optical fiber protection tube (4) by using a cable air blowing process;
  • the composite core (1) prepared in the step (1) is taken out from the pay-off machine (3-1) by the tractor (3-6), and sequentially passes through the first stranding section (3-2).
  • the single wire of the tube (4) is stranded to obtain a single wire (2) on the outer surface of the composite core (1), and finally the wire take-up reel (3-7) is wound up.
  • the single wire (2) is made of copper, aluminum, aluminum magnesium silicon alloy or aluminum zirconium alloy; the single wire (2) has a circular, trapezoidal or Z-shaped cross section.
  • the composite core (1) has a diameter of 0.1 mm to 15 mm;
  • high-strength fiber (11) is carbon fiber, graphite fiber, silicon carbide fiber, ultra-high strength polyethylene fiber, poly-p-phenylene benzobisoxazole fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber, polyphthaloyl p-phenylenediamine Fiber, aramid copolymer fiber or heterocyclic polyamide fiber; high elongation elongation fiber or fabric (12) is glass fiber, aramid fiber, carbon fiber, polyester type and polyether type polyurethane fiber , polyacrylate fiber or polybutylene terephthalate fiber.
  • the above-mentioned preparation method of the intelligent composite core wire, the optical fiber (3) is an optical fiber for communication or monitoring stress or temperature function, and the type of the optical fiber (3) is quartz glass, multi-component glass, plastic, composite material, infrared material;
  • the material of the optical fiber (3) is an inorganic material, a metal material or a plastic; the outer portion of the optical fiber (3) may be wrapped with a protective layer material such as steel, plastic, rubber, copper, and the like.
  • the resin glue is a thermoplastic or thermosetting resin.
  • a thermoplastic or thermosetting resin such as epoxy resin, polyester resin, vinyl resin, polyurethane resin, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyetheretherketone or polyphenylene sulfide.
  • the method for preparing the smart composite core wire described above is characterized in that the optical fiber (3) or the optical fiber protection tube (4) can be distributed or concentratedly arranged; one or more optical fibers are placed in the optical fiber protection tube (4) ( 3)
  • the function of each fiber can be to communicate, monitor stress and/or monitor temperature for different functions.
  • the material of the injection mold (2-3) is metal or non-metal, and a cooling device is arranged outside the injection mold (2-3), which can avoid overheating of the injection mold and cause the mold to be blocked. .
  • the number of layers of the peripheral stranded single wire (2) of the composite core (1) is one or more layers, and the cross-sectional shapes of the monofilaments between the single wires of the respective layers are the same or different.
  • the fiber (3) and the fiber protection tube (4) are prefabricated in the single wire (2), and the fiber (3) and the fiber protection tube (4) can be in a single wire (2) ), can also be in multiple single lines (2).
  • the twisting directions of the single wires (2) of the respective layers are opposite, and the twisting directions of the outermost single wires (2) are rightward or leftward.
  • the composite core prepared by the invention has the advantages of very good straightness, roundness, no bending, good color consistency, high strength, long service life, no eccentricity, good aging resistance, etc.; prepared intelligent composite material
  • the core wire has the advantages of high wire tightness and filling rate, uniform appearance and no defects, high temperature resistance, large current carrying capacity and small sag.
  • the glass transition temperature of the composite core can reach 210 ° C (DMA method, storage modulus), the tensile strength can reach 2400 Mpa, and the current carrying capacity can reach 1.7-2.2 times of the same specification steel core aluminum stranded wire.
  • a method for preparing a smart composite core wire includes the following steps:
  • the high-strength fiber (11) and the high elongation elongation fiber or fabric (12) are placed on the creel (1-1), pulled out by the tractor (1-5), and then passed through the dehumidifier (1-2). Dehumidification, and then the high-strength fiber (11) and the high elongation elongation fiber or fabric (12) are drawn into the injection mold (2-3) while one or more optical fibers are added to the injection mold (2-3).
  • resin glue is injected into the injection mold (2-3) by multi-component or single-component injection device (2-7), high-strength fiber (11) and high
  • the elongation at break fiber or fabric (12) is fully wetted by the resin glue in the injection mold (2-3), and then enters the curing mold (1-4), and the resin glue is solidified to form a composite core (1).
  • the winding machine (1-6) winds up;
  • the Conform continuous extrusion machine is firstly used to straighten and clean the aluminum rod, remove the oxide layer, and then extrude into the aluminum extrusion mold.
  • the aluminum extrusion mold is designed for the monofilament hollow, and the diameter of the monofilament is 0.5-2.0 mm after extrusion. a continuous cavity, and then after the monofilament production is completed, a single or multiple optical fibers (3) are inserted into the continuous cavity of the monofilament by a cable air blowing process;
  • the aluminum rod is straightened and cleaned to remove the oxide layer.
  • one or more fiber protection tubes (4) are positioned in the monofilament.
  • a single or multiple optical fibers (3) are inserted into the optical fiber protection tube (4) by using a cable air blowing process;
  • the composite core (1) prepared in the step (1) is taken out from the pay-off machine (3-1) by the tractor (3-6), and sequentially passes through the first stranding section (3-2).
  • the single wire of the tube (4) is stranded to obtain a single wire (2) on the outer surface of the composite core (1), and finally the wire take-up reel (3-7) is wound up.
  • the single wire (2) is made of copper, aluminum, aluminum magnesium silicon alloy or aluminum zirconium alloy; the single wire (2) has a circular, trapezoidal or Z-shaped cross section.
  • the composite core (1) has a diameter of 0.1 mm to 15 mm;
  • high-strength fiber (11) is carbon fiber, graphite fiber, silicon carbide fiber, ultra-high strength polyethylene fiber, poly-p-phenylene benzobisoxazole fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber, polyphthaloyl p-phenylenediamine Fiber, aramid copolymer fiber or heterocyclic polyamide fiber; high elongation elongation fiber or fabric (12) is glass fiber, aramid fiber, carbon fiber, polyester type and polyether type polyurethane fiber , polyacrylate fiber or polybutylene terephthalate fiber.
  • the above-mentioned preparation method of the intelligent composite core wire, the optical fiber (3) is an optical fiber for communication or monitoring stress or temperature function, and the type of the optical fiber (3) is quartz glass, multi-component glass, plastic, composite material, infrared material;
  • the material of the optical fiber (3) is an inorganic material, a metal material or a plastic; the outer portion of the optical fiber (3) may be wrapped with a protective layer material such as steel, plastic, rubber, copper, and the like.
  • the resin glue is a thermoplastic or thermosetting resin.
  • a thermoplastic or thermosetting resin such as epoxy resin, polyester resin, vinyl resin, polyurethane resin, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyetheretherketone or polyphenylene sulfide.
  • the method for preparing the smart composite core wire described above is characterized in that the optical fiber (3) or the optical fiber protection tube (4) can be distributed or concentratedly arranged; one or more optical fibers are placed in the optical fiber protection tube (4) ( 3)
  • the function of each fiber can be to communicate, monitor stress and/or monitor temperature for different functions.
  • the material of the injection mold (2-3) is metal or non-metal, and a cooling device is arranged outside the injection mold (2-3), which can avoid overheating of the injection mold and cause the mold to be blocked. .
  • the number of layers of the peripheral stranded single wire (2) of the composite core (1) is one or more layers, and the cross-sectional shapes of the monofilaments between the single wires of the respective layers are the same or different.
  • the fiber (3) and the fiber protection tube (4) are prefabricated in the single wire (2), and the fiber (3) and the fiber protection tube (4) can be in a single wire (2) ), can also be in multiple single lines (2).
  • the twisting directions of the single wires (2) of the respective layers are opposite, and the twisting directions of the outermost single wires (2) are rightward or leftward.
  • the composite core prepared by the invention has the advantages of very good straightness, roundness, no bending, good color consistency, high strength, long service life, no eccentricity, good aging resistance, etc.; prepared intelligent composite material
  • the core wire has the advantages of high wire tightness and filling rate, uniform appearance and no defects, high temperature resistance, large current carrying capacity and small sag.
  • the glass transition temperature of the composite core can reach 210 ° C (DMA method, storage modulus), the tensile strength can reach 2400 Mpa, and the current carrying capacity can reach 1.7-2.2 times of the same specification steel core aluminum stranded wire.

Abstract

提供一种智能复合材料芯导线及其制备方法。导线包括复合材料芯(1)和绞制在复合材料芯(1)外周的单线(2)；复合材料芯(1)或者单线(2)内设置有通讯或监测用的光纤(3)或光纤保护管(4)，光纤保护管(4)内设有光纤(3)。智能复合材料芯导线制备方法包括复合材料芯的制备和复合材料芯(1)外周单线(2)的绞制。上述导线制备方法可操作性强，生产效率更高，可节省大量的人力物力，生产成本低，制备得到的复合材料芯具有非常好的直线度，圆整度，无弯曲，颜色一致性好，强度高、寿命长，无偏心，耐老化性能好等优点；制备得到的智能复合材料芯导线具有导线紧密度与填充率高，耐高温，载流量大，弧垂小等优点。

Description

一种智能复合材料芯导线及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种导线，具体涉及智能复合材料芯导线及其制备方法。
背景技术
长期以来，远程大容量电力输送采用的电线电缆一般以钢芯铝绞线为导线，不仅耗能大，而且载流量小，由此造成的停电、断电故障时有发生，成为电力工业发展的一大“瓶颈”。如果使用复合材料芯导线，与传统的钢芯铝绞线相比，具有载流量大、节约输电走廊、节约能源、安全系数高、节约杆塔费用、减少占地面积、减少碳排放等一系列优点，实现了电力传输的节能、环保与安全，但是现有技术中的复合材料电缆一般就具有输电功能，不具有通信功能，并且电线内部不具有测监测应力和监测温度等功能。
发明内容
发明目的：本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术的不足，提供一种耐高温、大容量、低能耗、寿命长，低弧垂，性能优，不仅有输电功能，还具有通讯，测监测导线应力和监测导线温度的智能复合材料芯导线。
本发明的另一个目的是提供连续稳定效率高的复合材料芯导线的制备方法。本发明制备得到的复合材料芯具有非常好的直线度，圆整度，无弯曲，并且颜色一致性好，强度高、寿命长，无偏心，耐老化性能好等优点。制备得到的智能复合材料芯导线具有导线紧密度与填充率高，外观色泽均匀无缺陷，耐高温，载流量大，弧垂小等优点，并可以监测线路运行情况，功能全面，实用性强。
技术方案：为了实现本发明的目的，本发明采取如下技术方案：
一种智能复合材料芯导线，它包括：复合材料芯和绞制在复合材料芯外周的单线；所述的复合材料芯或者单线内设置有通讯或监测用的光纤或光纤保护管，光纤保护管内设有光纤。
作为优选方案，以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线，单线的材质为铜、铝、铝镁硅合金或铝锆合金，单线的截面形状为圆形，梯形或Z形等其它形状。
作为优选方案，以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线，复合材料芯直径为0.1mm～15mm。
作为优选方案，以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线，光纤保护管(4)的截面形状为圆形、椭圆、矩形、三角形等其它多边形；材质可以为金属和非金属等。
作为优选方案，以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线，复合材料芯或者单线内设置一根或者多根光纤；或者复合材料芯或者单线内设置一根或者多根光纤保护管，光纤保护管内设置一根或者多根光纤。
作为优选方案，以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线，复合材料芯包括高强度纤维和包覆在高强度纤维周围的高断裂延伸率纤维或织物；高断裂延伸率纤维或织物可以分多层分布在高强度纤维周围。
本发明提供的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)复合材料芯的制备：
首先将高强度纤维和高断裂延伸率纤维或织物放置在纱架上，通过牵引机牵出，然后分别通过除湿机进行除湿，再分别通过胶槽充分浸润树脂胶液；将高强度纤维牵引进入预固化模具预热后进入固化模具，然后将高断裂延伸率纤维或织物依次通过矩形分纱板和平面导纱板后，与高强度纤维同时进入固化模具，同时在固化模具中加入一根或者多根光纤或者光纤保护管；使得高断裂延伸率纤维或织物包覆在高强度纤维和光纤或者光纤保护管周围，树脂胶液在固化模具中固化后成型制得复合材料芯，并在光纤保护管内加入光纤；然后通过收卷机收卷复合材料芯；
(2)内部设有光纤的单丝的制备
采用Conform连续挤压机，首先将铝杆经过矫直清理，去除氧化层后，挤入挤铝模具，该挤铝模具进行单丝空心设计，在单丝挤出后形成直径为0.5-2.0mm连续空腔，然后在单丝生产完成后，采用光纤吹入工艺，将单根或多根光纤穿入单丝连续空腔中；
(3)内部设有光纤保护管的单丝的制备
采用Conform连续挤压机，将铝杆经过矫直清理，去除氧化层后，再将铝杆挤入挤铝模具同时，在单丝中定位加入一根或多根光纤保护管，在单丝生产完成后，采用光纤吹入工艺，将单根或多根光纤穿入光纤保护管中；
(4)复合材料芯外周单线的绞制
将步骤(1)制备得到的复合材料芯在牵引机的作用下从放线机出来，依次通过第一绞制段，第二绞制段与第三绞制段，将步骤(2)制备得到的内部设有光纤的单丝或者步骤(3)内部设有光纤保护管的单丝绞制在复合材料芯外表面得到单，最后将制备得到的导线用收卷机收卷。
(2)复合材料芯外周单线的绞制
将步骤(1)制备得到的复合材料芯，在牵引机的作用下从放线机出来，依次通过第一绞制段，第二绞制段与第三绞制段，将单丝绞制在复合材料芯外表面得到单线，最后将制备得到导线用收卷机收卷；所述的单丝内部设有光纤或者内部设有光纤的光纤保护管。
以上采用的Conform连续挤压机，也可以采用常规的其它铝连续挤压机。
本发明提供的另一种智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，其包括以下步骤：
(1)复合材料芯的制备：
首先将高强度纤维和高断裂延伸率纤维或织物放置在纱架上，通过牵引机牵出，然后通过除湿机进行除湿，然后将高强度纤维和高断裂延伸率纤维或织物牵引到注射模具内，同时在注射模具内加入一根或者多根光纤或者含有光纤的光纤保护管，树脂胶液由多组分或单组份注射装置注入注射模具内，高强度纤维和高断裂延伸率纤维或织物在注射模具内被树脂胶液充分浸润后，进入固化模具中，树脂胶液固化后成型制得复合材料芯，最后由收卷机收卷；
(2)内部设有光纤的单丝的制备
采用Conform连续挤压机，首先将铝杆经过矫直清理，去除氧化层后，挤入挤铝模具，该挤铝模具进行单丝空心设计，在单丝挤出后形成直径为0.5-2.0mm连续空腔，然后在单丝生产完成后，采用光缆气吹敷设工艺，将单根或多根光纤穿入单丝连续空腔中；
(3)内部设有光纤保护管的单丝的制备
采用Conform连续挤压机，将铝杆经过矫直清理，去除氧化层后，再将铝杆挤入挤铝模具同时，在单丝中定位加入一根或多根光纤保护管，在单丝生产完成后，采用光缆气吹敷设工艺，将单根或多根光纤穿入光纤保护管中；
(4)复合材料芯外周单线的绞制
将步骤(1)制备得到的复合材料芯在牵引机的作用下从放线机出来，依次通过第一绞制段，第二绞制段与第三绞制段，将步骤(2)制备得到的内部设有光纤的单丝或者步骤(3)内部设有光纤保护管的单丝绞制在复合材料芯外表面得到单，最后将制备得到的导线用收卷机收卷。
作为优选方案，以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，单线的材质为铜，铝，铝镁硅合金或铝锆合金；单线的截面形状为圆形，梯形或Z形等其它形状。
作为优选方案，以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，复合材料芯的直径为0.1mm-15mm；
其中高强度纤维可优选为碳纤维、石墨纤维、碳化硅纤维，超高强聚乙烯纤维、聚对苯撑苯并双恶唑纤维、玻璃纤维、芳纶纤维，聚苯二甲酰对苯二胺纤维、芳香族聚酰胺共聚纤维或杂环族聚酰胺纤维；高断裂延伸率纤维或织物为玻璃纤维、芳纶纤维，碳纤维、有聚酯型和聚醚型聚氨基甲酸酯纤维、聚丙烯酸酯类纤维或聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯纤维。
作为优选方案，以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，光纤为通讯或监测应力或温度功能的光纤，光纤的种类可为石英玻璃、多成分玻璃、塑料、复合材料、红外材料；光纤的材料可为无机材料、金属材料或塑料；光纤的外部可以包裹保护层材料。
作为优选方案，以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，树脂胶液为热塑性或热固 性树脂。如环氧树脂，聚酯树脂，乙烯基树脂，聚氨酯树脂，聚乙烯，聚氯乙烯，聚醚醚酮或聚苯硫醚等；
作为优选方案，以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，光纤或者光纤保护管可以分散分布或集中布置；光纤保护管内放置有一根或者多根光纤，各根光纤的功能可以是通讯，监测应力和/或监测温度不同功能。
作为优选方案，以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线及其制备方法，高断裂延伸率纤维均匀的包覆在高强度纤维周围，高断裂纤维层可以分多层分布在高强度纤维层周围，例如多层圆环结构。
作为优选方案，以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，注射模具的材质为金属或者非金属，且注射模具外侧设有冷却装置，可避免注射模具过热导致堵模。
作为优选方案，以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线及其制备方法，树脂由多组分或单组份注射装置注入预固化模具，注胶装置可以是注射机，注胶机等，根据树脂的种类确定注胶机的类型；
作为优选方案，以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，复合材料芯外周绞制单线的层数为一层或者多层，各层单线之间单丝的截面形状相同或不同。
作为优选方案，以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，单线中预制有光纤和光纤保护管，光纤和光纤保护管可以在一根单线中，也可以在多根单线中。
作为优选方案，以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，各层单线的绞向相反，最外层单线的绞向为右向或左向。
有益效果：本发明提供的智能复合材料芯导线及其制备方法和现有技术相比具有如下优点：
本发明提供的智能复合材料芯导线，结构设计合理，具有耐高温、大容量、低能耗、寿命长，低弧垂，性能优等优点，本发明设计的智能复合材料芯导线不仅具有输电功能，还具有通讯，测监测导线应力和监测导线温度的功能，可保证导线的运行，并且将输电和通讯结合有利于节省成本。
本发明提供的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，可操作性能强，工艺流水线生产，生产效率高，自动化程度高；制备得到的复合材料芯具有非常好的直线度，圆整度，无弯曲，并且颜色一致性好，强度高、寿命长，无偏心，耐老化性能好等优点。制备得到的智能复合材料芯导线具有导线紧密度与填充率高，外观色泽均匀无缺陷，耐高温，载流量大，弧垂小等优点。
附图说明
图1为本发明提供的第一种类型智能复合材料芯导线的横截面的结构示意图。
图2为本发明提供的第二种类型智能复合材料芯导线的横截面的结构示意图。
图3为本发明提供的智能复合材料芯的结构示意图。
图4为发明提供的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法中的智能复合材料芯制备过程示意图。
图5为发明提供的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法中的智能复合材料芯另一种制备过程示意图。
图6为发明在复合材料芯外周绞制单线的过程示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐明本发明，应理解这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围，在阅读了本发明之后，本领域技术人员对本发明的各种等价形式的修改均落于本申请所附权利要求所限定的范围。
实施例1
如图1和图3所示，一种智能复合材料芯导线，它包括：复合材料芯(1)和绞制在复合材料芯(1)外周的单线(2)；所述的复合材料芯(1)或者单线(2)内设置有一根或者多根通讯或监测用的光纤(3)。
以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线，其特征在于，单线的材质为铜、铝、铝镁硅合金或铝锆合金，单线的截面形状为圆形或梯形。
以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线，复合材料芯(1)直径为0.1mm～15mm。
以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线，复合材料芯(1)包括高强度纤维(11)和包覆在高强度纤维(11)周围的高断裂延伸率纤维或织物(12)；高断裂延伸率纤维或织物(12)可以单层或多层分布在高强度纤维(11)周围，如图3所示。
实施例2
如图2和图3所示，一种智能复合材料芯导线，它包括：复合材料芯(1)和绞制在复合材料芯(1)外周的单线(2)；所述的复合材料芯(1)或者单线(2)内设置有一根或者多根光纤保护管(4)，光纤保护管(4)内设有一根或者多根通讯或监测用的光纤(3)。
以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线，单线的材质为铜、铝、铝镁硅合金或铝锆合金，单线的截面形状为圆形或梯形。
以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线，复合材料芯(1)直径为0.1mm～15mm。
以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线，复合材料芯(1)包括高强度纤维(11)和包覆在高强度 纤维(11)周围的高断裂延伸率纤维或织物(12)；高断裂延伸率纤维或织物(12)可以单层或多层分布在高强度纤维(11)周围，如图3所示。
以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线，光纤保护管(4)的截面形状为圆形；材质可以为金属和非金属。
实施例3
如图4和图6所示，一种智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，其包括以下步骤：
(1)复合材料芯(1)的制备：
首先将高强度纤维(11)和高断裂延伸率纤维或织物(12)放置在纱架(1-1)上，通过牵引机(1-5)牵出，然后分别通过除湿机(1-2)进行除湿，再分别通过胶槽(1-3)充分浸润树脂胶液；将高强度纤维(11)牵引进入预固化模具预热后进入固化模具(1-4)，然后将高断裂延伸率纤维或织物(12)依次通过矩形分纱板和平面导纱板后，与高强度纤维(11)同时进入固化模具(1-4)，同时在固化模具(1-4)中加入一根或者多根光纤(3)或者光纤保护管(4)；使得高断裂延伸率纤维或织物(12)包覆在高强度纤维(11)和光纤(3)或者光纤保护管(4)周围，树脂胶液在固化模具(1-4)中固化后成型制得复合材料芯(1)，并在光纤保护管(4)内加入光纤(3)；然后通过收卷机(1-6)收卷复合材料芯(1)；
(2)内部设有光纤(3)的单丝的制备
采用Conform连续挤压机，首先将铝杆经过矫直清理，去除氧化层后，挤入挤铝模具，该挤铝模具进行单丝空心设计，在单丝挤出后形成直径为0.5-2.0mm连续空腔，然后在单丝生产完成后，采用光缆气吹敷设工艺，将单根或多根光纤(3)穿入单丝连续空腔中；
(3)内部设有光纤保护管(4)的单丝的制备
采用Conform连续挤压机，将铝杆经过矫直清理，去除氧化层后，在将铝杆挤入挤铝模具同时，在单丝中定位加入一根或多根光纤保护管(4)，在单丝生产完成后，采用光缆气吹敷设工艺，将单根或多根光纤(3)穿入光纤保护管(4)中；
(4)复合材料芯(1)外周单线(2)的绞制
将步骤(1)制备得到的复合材料芯(1)，在牵引机(3-6)的作用下从放线机(3-1)出来，依次通过第一绞制段(3-2)，第二绞制段(3-4)与第三绞制段(3-5)，将步骤(2)制备得到的内部设有光纤(3)的单丝或者步骤(3)内部设有光纤保护管(4)的单丝绞制在复合材料芯(1)外表面得到单线(2)，最后将制备得到导线用收卷机(3-7)收卷。
以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，单线(2)的材质为铜，铝，铝镁硅合金或铝锆合金；单线(2)的截面形状为圆形，梯形或Z形。
以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，复合材料芯(1)的直径为0.1mm-15mm；
其中高强度纤维(11)为碳纤维、石墨纤维、碳化硅纤维，超高强聚乙烯纤维、聚对苯撑苯并双恶唑纤维、玻璃纤维、芳纶纤维，聚苯二甲酰对苯二胺纤维、芳香族聚酰胺共聚纤维或杂环族聚酰胺纤维；高断裂延伸率纤维或织物(12)为玻璃纤维、芳纶纤维，碳纤维、有聚酯型和聚醚型聚氨基甲酸酯纤维、聚丙烯酸酯类纤维或聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯纤维。
以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，光纤(3)为通讯或监测应力或温度功能的光纤，光纤(3)的种类为石英玻璃、多成分玻璃、塑料、复合材料、红外材料；光纤(3)的材料为无机材料、金属材料或塑料；光纤(3)的外部可以包裹保护层材料，例如钢，塑料，橡胶，铜等。
以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，树脂胶液为热塑性或热固性树脂。如环氧树脂，聚酯树脂，乙烯基树脂，聚氨酯树脂，聚乙烯，聚氯乙烯，聚醚醚酮或聚苯硫醚等。
以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，其特征在于，光纤(3)或者光纤保护管(4)可以分散分布或集中布置；光纤保护管(4)内放置有一根或者多根光纤(3)，各根光纤的功能可以是通讯，监测应力和/或监测温度不同功能。
以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，注射模具(2-3)的材质为金属或者非金属，且注射模具(2-3)外侧设有冷却装置，可避免注射模具过热导致堵模。
以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，复合材料芯(1)外周绞制单线(2)的层数为一层或者多层，各层单线之间单丝的截面形状相同或不同。
以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，单线(2)中预制有光纤(3)和光纤保护管(4)，光纤(3)和光纤保护管(4)可以在一根单线(2)中，也可以在多根单线(2)中。
以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，各层单线(2)的绞向相反，最外层单线(2)的绞向为右向或左向。
本发明制备得到的复合材料芯具有非常好的直线度，圆整度，无弯曲，并且颜色一致性好，强度高、寿命长，无偏心，耐老化性能好等优点；制备得到的智能复合材料芯导线具有导线紧密度与填充率高，外观色泽均匀无缺陷，耐高温，载流量大，弧垂小等优点。该方法复合材料芯的玻璃化转变温度可以达到210℃(DMA法，储存模量)，拉伸强度可以达到2400Mpa，载流量可以达到同规格钢芯铝绞线的1.7-2.2倍以上。
实施例4
如图5和图6所示，一种智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，其包括以下步骤：
(1)复合材料芯(1)的制备：
首先将高强度纤维(11)和高断裂延伸率纤维或织物(12)放置在纱架(1-1)上，通过牵引机(1-5)牵出，然后通过除湿机(1-2)进行除湿，然后将高强度纤维(11)和高断裂延伸率纤维或织物(12)牵引到注射模具(2-3)内，同时在注射模具(2-3)内加入一根或者多根光纤(3)或者含有光纤的光纤保护管(4)，树脂胶液由多组分或单组份注射装置(2-7)注入注射模具(2-3)内，高强度纤维(11)和高断裂延伸率纤维或织物(12)在注射模具(2-3)内被树脂胶液充分浸润后，进入固化模具(1-4)中，树脂胶液固化后成型制得复合材料芯(1)，最后由收卷机(1-6)收卷；
(2)内部设有光纤(3)的单丝的制备
采用Conform连续挤压机，首先将铝杆经过矫直清理，去除氧化层后，挤入挤铝模具，该挤铝模具进行单丝空心设计，在单丝挤出后形成直径为0.5-2.0mm连续空腔，然后在单丝生产完成后，采用光缆气吹敷设工艺，将单根或多根光纤(3)穿入单丝连续空腔中；
(3)内部设有光纤保护管(4)的单丝的制备
采用Conform连续挤压机，将铝杆经过矫直清理，去除氧化层后，在将铝杆挤入挤铝模具同时，在单丝中定位加入一根或多根光纤保护管(4)，在单丝生产完成后，采用光缆气吹敷设工艺，将单根或多根光纤(3)穿入光纤保护管(4)中；
(4)复合材料芯(1)外周单线(2)的绞制
将步骤(1)制备得到的复合材料芯(1)，在牵引机(3-6)的作用下从放线机(3-1)出来，依次通过第一绞制段(3-2)，第二绞制段(3-4)与第三绞制段(3-5)，将步骤(2)制备得到的内部设有光纤(3)的单丝或者步骤(3)内部设有光纤保护管(4)的单丝绞制在复合材料芯(1)外表面得到单线(2)，最后将制备得到导线用收卷机(3-7)收卷。
以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，单线(2)的材质为铜，铝，铝镁硅合金或铝锆合金；单线(2)的截面形状为圆形，梯形或Z形。
以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，复合材料芯(1)的直径为0.1mm-15mm；
其中高强度纤维(11)为碳纤维、石墨纤维、碳化硅纤维，超高强聚乙烯纤维、聚对苯撑苯并双恶唑纤维、玻璃纤维、芳纶纤维，聚苯二甲酰对苯二胺纤维、芳香族聚酰胺共聚纤维或杂环族聚酰胺纤维；高断裂延伸率纤维或织物(12)为玻璃纤维、芳纶纤维，碳纤维、有聚酯型和聚醚型聚氨基甲酸酯纤维、聚丙烯酸酯类纤维或聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯纤维。
以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，光纤(3)为通讯或监测应力或温度功能的光纤，光纤(3)的种类为石英玻璃、多成分玻璃、塑料、复合材料、红外材料；光纤(3)的材料为无机材料、金属材料或塑料；光纤(3)的外部可以包裹保护层材料，例如钢，塑料，橡胶，铜等。
以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，树脂胶液为热塑性或热固性树脂。如环氧树脂，聚酯树脂，乙烯基树脂，聚氨酯树脂，聚乙烯，聚氯乙烯，聚醚醚酮或聚苯硫醚等。
以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，其特征在于，光纤(3)或者光纤保护管(4)可以分散分布或集中布置；光纤保护管(4)内放置有一根或者多根光纤(3)，各根光纤的功能可以是通讯，监测应力和/或监测温度不同功能。
以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，注射模具(2-3)的材质为金属或者非金属，且注射模具(2-3)外侧设有冷却装置，可避免注射模具过热导致堵模。
以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，复合材料芯(1)外周绞制单线(2)的层数为一层或者多层，各层单线之间单丝的截面形状相同或不同。
以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，单线(2)中预制有光纤(3)和光纤保护管(4)，光纤(3)和光纤保护管(4)可以在一根单线(2)中，也可以在多根单线(2)中。
以上所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，各层单线(2)的绞向相反，最外层单线(2)的绞向为右向或左向。
本发明制备得到的复合材料芯具有非常好的直线度，圆整度，无弯曲，并且颜色一致性好，强度高、寿命长，无偏心，耐老化性能好等优点；制备得到的智能复合材料芯导线具有导线紧密度与填充率高，外观色泽均匀无缺陷，耐高温，载流量大，弧垂小等优点。该方法复合材料芯的玻璃化转变温度可以达到210℃(DMA法，储存模量)，拉伸强度可以达到2400Mpa，载流量可以达到同规格钢芯铝绞线的1.7-2.2倍以上。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种智能复合材料芯导线，其特征在于，它包括：复合材料芯(1)和绞制在复合材料芯(1)外周的单线(2)；所述的复合材料芯(1)或者单线(2)内设置有通讯或监测用的光纤(3)或光纤保护管(4)，光纤保护管(4)内设有光纤(3)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的智能复合材料芯导线，其特征在于，单线(2)的材质为铜、铝、铝镁硅合金或铝锆合金，单线的截面形状为圆形，梯形或Z形。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的智能复合材料芯导线，其特征在于，复合材料芯(1)直径为0.1mm～15mm。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的智能复合材料芯导线，其特征在于，光纤保护管(4)的截面形状为圆形、椭圆、矩形、三角形；材质可以为金属和非金属。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的智能复合材料芯导线，其特征在于，复合材料芯(1)或者单线(2)内设置一根或者多根光纤(3)；
    或者复合材料芯(1)或者单线(2)内设置一根或者多根光纤保护管(4)，光纤保护管(4)内设置有一根或者多根光纤(3)。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的智能复合材料芯导线，其特征在于，复合材料芯(1)包括高强度纤维(11)和包覆在高强度纤维(11)周围的高断裂延伸率纤维或织物(12)；高断裂延伸率纤维或织物(12)可以单层或多层分布在高强度纤维(11)周围。
  7. 权利要求1所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    (1)复合材料芯(1)的制备：
    首先将高强度纤维(11)和高断裂延伸率纤维或织物(12)放置在纱架(1-1)上，通过牵引机(1-5)牵出，然后分别通过除湿机(1-2)进行除湿，再分别通过胶槽(1-3)充分浸润树脂胶液；将高强度纤维(11)牵引进入预固化模具预热后进入固化模具(1-4)，然后将高断裂延伸率纤维或织物(12)依次通过矩形分纱板和平面导纱板后，与高强度纤维(11)同时进入固化模具(1-4)，同时在固化模具(1-4)中加入一根或者多根光纤(3)或者光纤保护管(4)；使得高断裂延伸率纤维或织物(12)包覆在高强度纤维(11)和光纤(3)或者光纤保护管(4)周围，树脂胶液在固化模具(1-4)中固化后成型制得复合材料芯(1)，并在光纤保护管(4)内加入光纤(3)；然后通过收卷机(1-6)收卷复合材料芯(1)；
    (2)内部设有光纤(3)的单丝的制备
    采用Conform连续挤压机，首先将铝杆经过矫直清理，去除氧化层后，挤入挤铝模具，该挤铝模具进行单丝空心设计，在单丝挤出后形成直径为0.5-2.0mm连续空腔，然后在单丝生产完成后，采用光缆气吹敷设工艺，将单根或多根光纤(3)穿入单丝连续空腔中；
    (3)内部设有光纤保护管(4)的单丝的制备
    采用Conform连续挤压机，将铝杆经过矫直清理，去除氧化层后，在将铝杆挤入挤铝模具同时，在单丝中定位加入一根或多根光纤保护管(4)，在单丝生产完成后，采用光缆气吹敷设工艺，将单根或多根光纤(3)穿入光纤保护管(4)中；
    (4)复合材料芯(1)外周单线(2)的绞制
    将步骤(1)制备得到的复合材料芯(1)，在牵引机(3-6)的作用下从放线机(3-1)出来，依次通过第一绞制段(3-2)，第二绞制段(3-4)与第三绞制段(3-5)，将步骤(2)制备得到的内部设有光纤(3)的单丝或者步骤(3)内部设有光纤保护管(4)的单丝绞制在复合材料芯(1)外表面得到单线(2)，最后将制备得到导线用收卷机(3-7)收卷。
  8. 权利要求1所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    (1)复合材料芯(1)的制备：
    首先将高强度纤维(11)和高断裂延伸率纤维或织物(12)放置在纱架(1-1)上，通过牵引机(1-5)牵出，然后通过除湿机(1-2)进行除湿，然后将高强度纤维(11)和高断裂延伸率纤维或织物(12)牵引到注射模具(2-3)内，同时在注射模具(2-3)内加入一根或者多根光纤(3)或者含有光纤的光纤保护管(4)，树脂胶液由多组分或单组份注射装置(2-7)注入注射模具(2-3)内，高强度纤维(11)和高断裂延伸率纤维或织物(12)在注射模具(2-3)内被树脂胶液充分浸润后，进入固化模具(1-4)中，树脂胶液固化后成型制得复合材料芯(1)，最后由收卷机(1-6)收卷；
    (2)内部设有光纤(3)的单丝的制备
    采用Conform连续挤压机，首先将铝杆经过矫直清理，去除氧化层后，挤入挤铝模具，该挤铝模具进行单丝空心设计，在单丝挤出后形成直径为0.5-2.0mm连续空腔，然后在单丝生产完成后，采用光缆气吹敷设工艺，将单根或多根光纤(3)穿入单丝连续空腔中；
    (3)内部设有光纤保护管(4)的单丝的制备
    采用Conform连续挤压机，将铝杆经过矫直清理，去除氧化层后，在将铝杆挤入挤铝模具同时，在单丝中定位加入一根或多根光纤保护管(4)，在单丝生产完成后，采用光缆气吹敷设工艺，将单根或多根光纤(3)穿入光纤保护管(4)中；
    (4)复合材料芯(1)外周单线(2)的绞制
    将步骤(1)制备得到的复合材料芯(1)在牵引机(3-6)的作用下从放线机(3-1)出来，依次通过第一绞制段(3-2)，第二绞制段(3-4)与第三绞制段(3-5)，将步骤(2)制备得到的内部设有光纤(3)的单丝或者步骤(3)内部设有光纤保护管(4)的单丝绞制在复合材料芯(1)外表面得到单线(2)，最后将制备得到的导线用收卷机(3-7)收卷。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，其特征在于，单线(2) 的材质为铜，铝，铝镁硅合金或铝锆合金；单线(2)的截面形状为圆形，梯形或Z形。
  10. 根据权利要求7或8所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，其特征在于，复合材料芯(1)的直径为0.1mm-15mm；
    其中高强度纤维(11)为碳纤维、石墨纤维、碳化硅纤维，超高强聚乙烯纤维、聚对苯撑苯并双恶唑纤维、玻璃纤维、芳纶纤维，聚苯二甲酰对苯二胺纤维、芳香族聚酰胺共聚纤维或杂环族聚酰胺纤维；高断裂延伸率纤维或织物(12)为玻璃纤维、芳纶纤维，碳纤维、有聚酯型和聚醚型聚氨基甲酸酯纤维、聚丙烯酸酯类纤维或聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯纤维。
  11. 根据权利要求7或8所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，其特征在于，光纤(3)为通讯或监测应力或温度功能的光纤，光纤(3)的种类为石英玻璃、多成分玻璃、塑料、复合材料、红外材料；光纤(3)的材料为无机材料、金属材料或塑料；光纤(3)的外部可以包裹保护层材料。
  12. 根据权利要求7或8所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，其特征在于，树脂胶液为热塑性或热固性树脂。
  13. 根据权利要求7或8所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，其特征在于，光纤(3)或者光纤保护管(4)可以分散分布或集中布置；光纤保护管(4)内放置有一根或者多根光纤(3)，各根光纤的功能可以是通讯，监测应力和/或监测温度不同功能。
  14. 根据权利要求8所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，其特征在于，注射模具(2-3)的材质为金属或者非金属，且注射模具(2-3)外侧设有冷却装置，可避免注射模具过热导致堵模。
  15. 根据权利要求7或8所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，其特征在于，复合材料芯(1)外周绞制单线(2)的层数为一层或者多层，各层单线之间单丝的截面形状相同或不同。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，其特征在于，单线(2)中预制有光纤(3)和光纤保护管(4)，光纤(3)和光纤保护管(4)可以在一根单线(2)中，也可以在多根单线(2)中。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的智能复合材料芯导线的制备方法，其特征在于，各层单线(2)的绞向相反，最外层单线(2)的绞向为右向或左向。
PCT/CN2016/084429 2016-05-10 2016-06-02 一种智能复合材料芯导线及其制备方法 WO2017193431A1 (zh)

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