WO2017170267A1 - 共重合体ラテックス - Google Patents
共重合体ラテックス Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017170267A1 WO2017170267A1 PCT/JP2017/012146 JP2017012146W WO2017170267A1 WO 2017170267 A1 WO2017170267 A1 WO 2017170267A1 JP 2017012146 W JP2017012146 W JP 2017012146W WO 2017170267 A1 WO2017170267 A1 WO 2017170267A1
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- latex
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- weight
- ethylenically unsaturated
- ethyl ketone
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F236/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F236/02—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F236/04—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated
- C08F236/12—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated with nitriles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
- B29C41/003—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
- B29C41/02—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C41/14—Dipping a core
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
- B29C41/02—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C41/20—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. moulding inserts or for coating articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/04—Acids; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/42—Nitriles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F236/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F236/02—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F236/04—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F236/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F236/02—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F236/04—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated
- C08F236/14—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/0058—Liquid or visquous
- B29K2105/0064—Latex, emulsion or dispersion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/48—Wearing apparel
- B29L2031/4842—Outerwear
- B29L2031/4864—Gloves
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2800/00—Copolymer characterised by the proportions of the comonomers expressed
- C08F2800/20—Copolymer characterised by the proportions of the comonomers expressed as weight or mass percentages
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2810/00—Chemical modification of a polymer
- C08F2810/20—Chemical modification of a polymer leading to a crosslinking, either explicitly or inherently
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a copolymer latex. More specifically, the present invention relates to a crack in such a rubber layer when a rubber layer formed using the copolymer latex is formed on a fiber substrate to form a laminate. It is related with the copolymer latex which can suppress generation
- Patent Document 1 discloses a work glove having excellent permeation resistance to sulfuric acid by covering a fiber glove with a plurality of layers of coating.
- cracks are prevented by forming a plurality of coating layers.
- the present invention provides a copolymer capable of effectively suppressing the occurrence of such cracks in a rubber layer when a rubber layer is formed on a fiber base material using a copolymer latex to form a laminate.
- the object is to provide latex.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a laminate obtained using such a copolymer latex.
- the present inventors have determined that a conjugated diene monomer unit, an ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer unit, and an ethylenically unsaturated acid monomer unit have a predetermined ratio.
- the copolymer contained in the latex is a dry film
- the insoluble content of methyl ethyl ketone is 70% by weight or less
- the degree of swelling of methyl ethyl ketone is 40 times or more.
- the inventors have found that the object can be achieved and have completed the present invention.
- the conjugated diene monomer unit is 50 to 88% by weight
- the ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer unit is 10 to 40% by weight
- the ethylenically unsaturated acid monomer unit is 2 to 10% by weight.
- the ethylenically unsaturated acid monomer unit is preferably an ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid unit.
- the latex composition containing the said copolymer latex and a crosslinking agent is provided.
- the latex composition of the present invention preferably further contains a crosslinking accelerator.
- the laminated body formed by forming the layer which consists of the said latex composition on a fiber base material is provided.
- the manufacturing method of a laminated body provided with the process of dip-molding the said latex composition on a fiber base material is provided.
- a divalent metal salt as a coagulant is attached to the fiber base material, and the fiber base material to which the divalent metal salt is attached is contained in the latex composition. It is preferable to form the layer which consists of the said latex composition on the said fiber base material by making it immerse in.
- copolymer latex of the present invention comprises 50 to 88% by weight of conjugated diene monomer units, 10 to 40% by weight of ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer units, and ethylenically unsaturated acid monomer units.
- the copolymer latex of the present invention is usually conjugated diene monomer, ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer, and ethylenically unsaturated acid monomer, and can be copolymerized with these as required. It is a latex of a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing other ethylenically unsaturated monomers.
- conjugated diene monomer examples include 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, 2-ethyl-1,3-butadiene, 1,3-pentadiene and chloroprene. It is done. Among these, 1,3-butadiene and isoprene are preferable, and 1,3-butadiene is more preferable.
- These conjugated diene monomers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content ratio of the conjugated diene monomer unit formed by the conjugated diene monomer in the copolymer contained in the copolymer latex is 50 to 88% by weight, preferably 55 to 80% by weight, and more.
- the resulting laminate is 60 to 75% by weight. If the content of the conjugated diene monomer unit is too small, the resulting laminate may be inferior in texture. Conversely, if it is too much, the resulting laminate may be inferior in solvent resistance. is there.
- Examples of the ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer include acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, fumaronitrile, ⁇ -chloroacrylonitrile, ⁇ -cyanoethylacrylonitrile and the like. Of these, acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile are preferable, and acrylonitrile is more preferable.
- These ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer unit formed by the ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer in the copolymer contained in the copolymer latex is 10 to 40% by weight, preferably 15%.
- the resulting laminate may be inferior in solvent resistance, whereas if it is too much, the resulting laminate will be inferior in texture. There is a fear.
- the ethylenically unsaturated acid monomer is not particularly limited as long as it is an ethylenically unsaturated monomer containing an acidic group such as a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid group, a phosphoric acid group, or an acid anhydride group.
- Ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid monomers such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and crotonic acid; ethylenically unsaturated polycarboxylic acid monomers such as itaconic acid, maleic acid and fumaric acid; itaconic anhydride and maleic anhydride Ethylenically unsaturated polycarboxylic anhydrides such as citraconic anhydride; vinyl sulfonic acid, methyl vinyl sulfonic acid, styrene sulfonic acid, (meth) allyl sulfonic acid, ethyl (meth) acrylic acid-2-sulfonate, 2 -Ethylenically unsaturated sulfonic acid monomers such as acrylamide-2-hydroxypropanesulfonic acid; (meth) acrylic acid-3-chloro-2-phosphorus Ethylenically unsaturated phosphoric acid monomers such as propyl, (meth) acrylic acid-2-eth
- ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid is preferable, ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid is more preferable, and methacrylic acid is particularly preferable.
- ethylenically unsaturated acid monomers can also be used as alkali metal salts or ammonium salts.
- an ethylenically unsaturated acid monomer can be used individually or in combination of 2 or more types.
- the content of the ethylenically unsaturated acid monomer unit formed by the ethylenically unsaturated acid monomer in the copolymer contained in the copolymer latex is 2 to 10% by weight, preferably 3%. -9% by weight, more preferably 3-8% by weight. If the content of the ethylenically unsaturated acid monomer unit is too small, the moldability in obtaining a laminate will be reduced. On the other hand, if the content is too large, the resulting laminate may be inferior in texture. is there.
- Examples of other ethylenically unsaturated monomers copolymerizable with conjugated diene monomers, ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomers, and ethylenically unsaturated acid monomers include styrene, alkyl styrene, vinyl naphthalene, etc.
- the content of other monomer units formed by other ethylenically unsaturated monomers in the copolymer contained in the copolymer latex is preferably 10% by weight or less, more preferably 5%. % By weight or less, more preferably 3% by weight or less.
- the copolymer latex of the present invention has a methyl ethyl ketone insoluble content of 70% by weight or less and a methyl ethyl ketone swelling degree of 40 times or more when the copolymer constituting the copolymer latex is a dry film. It is what is.
- the copolymer constituting the copolymer latex has the above-mentioned specific monomer composition, and the methyl ethyl ketone insoluble content and the methyl ethyl ketone swelling degree are within the above ranges.
- a rubber layer is formed on a fiber base material using a copolymer latex to form a laminate, the occurrence of such a crack in the rubber layer can be effectively suppressed.
- a coagulant is used to coagulate the copolymer latex when a laminate is obtained by dip molding using a copolymer latex on a fiber substrate, thereby forming a rubber layer.
- a divalent metal salt such as calcium nitrate
- the rubber layer formed using the copolymer latex can be made relatively thick, but cracks will occur. There was a problem.
- a monovalent organic acid such as acetic acid is used as a coagulant, the occurrence of cracks can be suppressed to some extent, but the thickness of the rubber layer formed using the copolymer latex cannot be increased, There was a problem that chemical resistance could not be sufficiently provided.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies on the suppression of cracks in such a rubber layer in a laminate comprising such a fiber base material and a rubber layer formed using a copolymer latex.
- the insoluble content of methyl ethyl ketone is 70% by weight or less, preferably 50% by weight or less, more preferably 30% by weight or less.
- the lower limit of the amount insoluble in methyl ethyl ketone is not particularly limited, but is usually 0.1% by weight or more.
- the methyl ethyl ketone insoluble content is an index indicating the gel content of the copolymer contained in the copolymer latex. If the methyl ethyl ketone insoluble content is too large, the rubber layer is formed on the fiber substrate using the copolymer latex. In the case of forming a laminated body, the crack suppressing effect in the rubber layer cannot be obtained.
- the degree of swelling of methyl ethyl ketone is 40 times or more, preferably 50 times or more, more preferably 60 times. It is more than double.
- the upper limit of the degree of swelling of methyl ethyl ketone is not particularly limited, but is usually 500 times or less.
- the degree of swelling of methyl ethyl ketone is an index indicating the swelling property of the copolymer contained in the copolymer latex. If the degree of swelling of methyl ethyl ketone is too low, a rubber layer is formed on the fiber substrate using the copolymer latex. In this case, the effect of suppressing cracks in such a rubber layer in the case of a laminated body cannot be obtained.
- the method for measuring the methyl ethyl ketone insoluble content and the methyl ethyl ketone swelling degree can be, for example, as follows. First, the copolymer latex of the present invention is applied onto a substrate by a casting method or the like and dried to obtain a dry film, and the weight of the dry film (this weight is referred to as “W1”). taking measurement. Next, the obtained dry film is immersed in methyl ethyl ketone at 25 ° C. for 24 hours. Next, after measuring the weight of the film after immersion (this weight is referred to as “W2”), the film is dried at 105 ° C. for 3 hours to remove methyl ethyl ketone.
- the film after removal of methyl ethyl ketone was measured for weight (this weight is referred to as “W3”). From the measurement results of these weights, methyl ethyl ketone insolubles and methyl ethyl ketone were measured according to the following formulas (1) and (2).
- the method for setting the methyl ethyl ketone insoluble content and the methyl ethyl ketone swelling degree within the above ranges is not particularly limited.
- a chain transfer agent used for producing a copolymer constituting the copolymer latex is not particularly limited.
- a method of adjusting the amount of the chain transfer agent used and a method of adjusting the polymerization temperature is not particularly limited.
- the copolymer latex of the present invention can be obtained by copolymerizing a monomer mixture containing the above-mentioned monomers, and a method of copolymerization by emulsion polymerization is preferred.
- a conventionally well-known method can be employ
- polymerization auxiliary materials such as an emulsifier, a polymerization initiator, and a chain transfer agent can be used.
- the method for adding these polymerization auxiliary materials is not particularly limited, and any method such as an initial batch addition method, a divided addition method, or a continuous addition method may be used.
- Nonionic emulsifiers such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenol ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan alkyl ester; potassium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, dodecylbenzene
- Anionic emulsifiers such as alkyl benzene sulfonates such as sodium sulfonate, higher alcohol sulfates and alkyl sulfosuccinates; Cationic emulsifiers such as alkyltrimethylammonium chloride, dialkylammonium chloride and benzylammonium chloride; ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated Such as sulfo ester of carboxylic acid, sulfate ester of ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid, sulfoalkyl aryl ether, etc.
- a polymerizable emulsifier can be mentioned.
- anionic emulsifiers are preferable, alkylbenzene sulfonates are more preferable, and potassium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate are particularly preferable.
- These emulsifiers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the amount of the emulsifier used is preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the monomer mixture.
- the polymerization initiator is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include inorganic peroxides such as sodium persulfate, potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, potassium perphosphate, and hydrogen peroxide; diisopropylbenzene hydroperoxide, cumene hydroperoxide, t-butyl hydroperoxide, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl hydroperoxide, 2,5-dimethylhexane-2,5-dihydroperoxide, di-t-butyl peroxide, di- ⁇ - Organic peroxides such as cumyl peroxide, acetyl peroxide, isobutyryl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide; azo compounds such as azobisisobutyronitrile, azobis-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile, methyl azobisisobutyrate; Can be mentionedThese polymerization initiators can be used alone or in combination of two or more. The amount of the poly
- the peroxide initiator can be used as a redox polymerization initiator in combination with a reducing agent.
- the reducing agent is not particularly limited, but is a compound containing a metal ion in a reduced state such as ferrous sulfate or cuprous naphthenate; a sulfonic acid compound such as sodium methanesulfonate; an amine compound such as dimethylaniline. And so on.
- These reducing agents can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the amount of the reducing agent used is preferably 3 to 1000 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the peroxide.
- the chain transfer agent is not particularly limited.
- ⁇ -methylstyrene dimer mercaptans such as t-dodecyl mercaptan, n-dodecyl mercaptan, octyl mercaptan; halogenated carbon tetrachloride, methylene chloride, methylene bromide, etc. Hydrocarbons; sulfur-containing compounds such as tetraethylthiuram disulfide, dipentamethylene thiuram disulfide, diisopropylxanthogen disulfide; and the like. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- mercaptans are preferable, and t-dodecyl mercaptan can be more preferably used.
- the amount of chain transfer agent used varies depending on the type, the monomer mixture can be controlled from the viewpoint that the amount of methyl ethyl ketone insoluble matter and the degree of swelling of methyl ethyl ketone can be appropriately controlled, and these can be within the above range.
- the amount is preferably 0.4 to 1.5 parts by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 1.2 parts by weight, and still more preferably 0.6 to 1.0 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight.
- the amount of water used for emulsion polymerization is preferably 80 to 600 parts by weight, particularly preferably 100 to 200 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of all monomers used.
- Examples of the monomer addition method include a method of adding monomers to be used in a reaction vessel all at once, a method of adding continuously or intermittently as the polymerization proceeds, and a part of the monomer is added. And a method in which the remaining monomer is continuously or intermittently added and polymerized, and any method may be employed.
- the composition of the mixture may be constant or may be changed.
- Each monomer may be added to the reaction vessel after previously mixing various monomers to be used, or may be added separately to the reaction vessel.
- polymerization auxiliary materials such as a chelating agent, a dispersant, a pH adjuster, an oxygen scavenger, and a particle size adjuster can be used, and these are not particularly limited in type and amount used.
- the polymerization temperature at the time of carrying out the emulsion polymerization is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 5 from the viewpoint that the methyl ethyl ketone insoluble content and the methyl ethyl ketone swelling degree can be appropriately controlled, and these can be within the above range. It is -55 ° C, more preferably 10-50 ° C, and still more preferably 15-45 ° C. In addition, when changing superposition
- the polymerization time is about 5 to 40 hours.
- the monomer mixture is emulsion-polymerized, and when the predetermined polymerization conversion rate is reached, the polymerization reaction is stopped by cooling the polymerization system or adding a polymerization terminator.
- the polymerization conversion rate when stopping the polymerization reaction is preferably 90% by weight or more, more preferably 93% by weight or more.
- the polymerization terminator is not particularly limited.
- hydroxylamine, hydroxyamine sulfate, diethylhydroxylamine, hydroxyaminesulfonic acid and its alkali metal salt sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate, hydroquinone derivative, catechol derivative, and hydroxydimethyl
- aromatic hydroxydithiocarboxylic acids such as benzenethiocarboxylic acid, hydroxydiethylbenzenedithiocarboxylic acid, hydroxydibutylbenzenedithiocarboxylic acid, and alkali metal salts thereof.
- the amount of the polymerization terminator used is preferably 0.05 to 2 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the monomer mixture.
- a copolymer latex can be obtained by removing unreacted monomers and adjusting the solid content concentration and pH, if desired.
- an anti-aging agent an antiseptic, an antibacterial agent, a dispersing agent and the like may be appropriately added to the copolymer latex used in the present invention, if necessary.
- the number average particle size of the copolymer contained in the copolymer latex used in the present invention is preferably 60 to 300 nm, more preferably 80 to 150 nm.
- the particle diameter can be adjusted to a desired value by a method such as adjusting the amount of emulsifier and polymerization initiator used.
- Latex Composition contains the copolymer latex of the present invention and a crosslinking agent.
- Sulfur-based cross-linking agents include powdered sulfur, sulfur white, precipitated sulfur, colloidal sulfur, surface-treated sulfur, insoluble sulfur, etc .; sulfur chloride, sulfur dichloride, morpholine disulfide, alkylphenol disulfide, dibenzothiazyl disulfide, caprolactam disulfide And sulfur-containing compounds such as phosphorus-containing polysulfides and polymer polysulfides; sulfur-donating compounds such as tetramethylthiuram disulfide, selenium dimethyldithiocarbamate, and 2- (4′-morpholinodithio) benzothiazole. These may be used individually by 1 type and may use multiple types together.
- the amount of the crosslinking agent used in the latex composition of the present invention is preferably 0.01 to 5 parts by weight, more preferably 0 to 100 parts by weight of the copolymer contained in the copolymer latex. 0.05 to 3 parts by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 2 parts by weight.
- crosslinking agent when sulfur is used as the crosslinking agent, it is preferable to blend a crosslinking accelerator (vulcanization accelerator) or zinc oxide.
- the crosslinking accelerator is not particularly limited, but dithiocarbamic acids such as diethyldithiocarbamic acid, dibutyldithiocarbamic acid, di-2-ethylhexyldithiocarbamic acid, dicyclohexyldithiocarbamic acid, diphenyldithiocarbamic acid, dibenzyldithiocarbamic acid and the like.
- crosslinking accelerators may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the amount of the crosslinking accelerator used is preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the copolymer contained in the copolymer latex.
- the amount of zinc oxide used is preferably 5 parts by weight or less, more preferably 0.1 to 3 parts by weight, and still more preferably 0.5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the copolymer contained in the copolymer latex. ⁇ 2 parts by weight.
- the latex composition of the present invention may contain a viscosity modifier in order to bring the viscosity into a desired range.
- a viscosity modifier include a carboxymethyl cellulose thickener, a polycarboxylic acid thickener, and a polysaccharide thickener.
- the viscosity of the latex composition of the present invention is preferably 500 to 8,000 mPa ⁇ s.
- the latex composition of the present invention includes an anti-aging agent, an antioxidant, an antiseptic, an antibacterial agent, a wetting agent, a dispersant, a pigment, a dye, a filler, a reinforcing material, a pH adjuster, and the like as necessary. A predetermined amount of these various additives can also be added.
- the solid content concentration of the latex composition of the present invention is preferably 15 to 45% by weight, more preferably 25 to 45% by weight.
- the surface tension of the latex composition of the present invention is preferably 25 to 40 mN / m.
- Laminate The laminate of the present invention is formed by forming a rubber layer on the fiber base material using the latex composition of the present invention described above, and is formed using the fiber base material and the latex composition of the present invention. And a rubber layer.
- a dip molding method As the dip molding method, a conventionally known method can be adopted, and examples thereof include a direct dipping method, an anode adhesion dipping method, and a teag adhesion dipping method. Of these, the anode coagulation dipping method is preferred because the thickness of the rubber layer formed using the latex composition can be easily made uniform.
- a dip molding method by an anode adhesion dipping method as one embodiment will be described. First, a dip molding die covered with a fiber base material is immersed in a coagulant solution to adhere the coagulant to the surface of the fiber base material.
- the dip mold various materials such as porcelain, glass, metal and plastic can be used.
- the shape of the mold may be adapted to the shape of the laminate that is the final product.
- the shape of the dip-molding die can be various shapes such as a shape from the wrist to the fingertip and a shape from the elbow to the fingertip.
- the dip molding die may have a surface process such as a gloss process, a semi-gloss process, a non-gloss process, and a weave pattern process performed on the entire surface or a part of the surface.
- the coagulant solution is a solution in which a coagulant capable of coagulating latex particles is dissolved in water, alcohol or a mixture thereof.
- a bivalent metal salt from a viewpoint that the thickness of the rubber layer formed using a latex composition can be made comparatively thick.
- divalent metal salts include metal halides such as barium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride and zinc chloride; nitrates such as barium nitrate, calcium nitrate and zinc nitrate; barium acetate, calcium acetate and zinc acetate. And the like; and sulfates such as calcium sulfate and magnesium sulfate.
- calcium chloride and calcium nitrate are preferable, and calcium nitrate is more preferable.
- the coagulant is usually used as a solution of water, alcohol, or a mixture thereof.
- the coagulant concentration is usually 1 to 40% by weight, preferably 2.5 to 30% by weight.
- a dip molding die having a fiber base material to which a coagulant is attached is immersed in the latex composition of the present invention described above, and then the dip molding die is pulled up, and a rubber as a dip molding layer is formed on the surface of the fiber base material. Form a layer.
- the rubber layer as the dip molding layer formed in the dip molding die is heated to crosslink the copolymer constituting the dip molding layer.
- the heating temperature for crosslinking is preferably 60 to 160 ° C, more preferably 80 to 150 ° C. If the heating temperature is too low, the cross-linking reaction takes a long time, which may reduce productivity. On the other hand, if the heating temperature is too high, the physical properties of the laminate obtained by promoting the oxidative deterioration of the copolymer may be reduced.
- the heat treatment time may be appropriately selected according to the heat treatment temperature, but is usually 5 to 120 minutes.
- the latex composition of the present invention is aged (also referred to as pre-vulcanization) before being subjected to dip molding.
- the temperature condition for aging is preferably 20 to 50 ° C.
- the time for aging is preferably 4 hours or more and 120 hours or less from the viewpoint of suppressing the permeability of the solvent gas without peeling off the fiber base and the rubber layer formed using the latex composition. More preferably, it is 24 hours or more and 72 hours or less. If this time is too short or too long, penetration of the copolymer forming the rubber layer into the fiber substrate in the resulting laminate is insufficient or too much.
- the rubber layer before subjecting the rubber layer to heat treatment, the rubber layer is immersed in warm water at 20 to 80 ° C. for about 0.5 to 60 minutes to obtain water-soluble impurities (emulsifier, water-soluble polymer, coagulant). Etc.) is preferably removed.
- water-soluble impurities emulsifier, water-soluble polymer, coagulant.
- a laminate can be obtained by peeling the fiber base material including the rubber layer crosslinked by heat treatment from the dip molding die. Further, after peeling the laminate from the dip-molding die, a heat treatment (post-crosslinking step) for 10 to 120 minutes may be performed at a temperature of 60 to 120 ° C. Furthermore, a surface treatment layer by chlorination treatment or coating treatment may be formed on the inner and / or outer surface of the laminate.
- the thickness of the rubber layer in the laminate of the present invention is preferably 0.1 to 0.8 mm, more preferably 0.1 to 0.5 mm, and still more preferably 0.3 to 0.5 mm.
- the occurrence of cracks in the rubber layer can be effectively suppressed, In particular, even when the thickness of the rubber layer is relatively thick as described above, the occurrence of cracks in the rubber layer can be effectively suppressed, and thus the resulting laminate can be waterproofed and chemically resistant. It can be made excellent enough. Therefore, the laminate of the present invention can be suitably used for work gloves, particularly protective gloves for home use, agriculture use, fishery use and industrial use.
- the rubber layer which comprises the laminated body of this invention is formed on a fiber base material, in the microstructure, the shape of a rubber layer depends on the surface shape of a fiber base material
- the thickness of the rubber layer from the top portion of the fiber diameter of each fiber that is, one fiber constituting the fiber base surface
- the average thickness of the portion where the rubber layer appears thinnest is defined as the thickness of the rubber layer.
- the amount of methyl ethyl ketone insoluble matter, the degree of swelling of methyl ethyl ketone, and the copolymer latex produced in Examples and Comparative Examples were coated on a substrate by a casting method, and dried at 25 ° C. for 120 hours to obtain a dry film. Then, the weight of the obtained dry film (this weight is referred to as “W1”) was measured. Next, the obtained dried film was immersed in methyl ethyl ketone under the conditions of 25 ° C. and 24 hours, and the weight of the film after immersion was measured (this weight is referred to as “W2”). Drying at 105 ° C. for 3 hours removed methyl ethyl ketone.
- the thickness of the rubber layer was measured with an optical microscope. Specifically, as a measurement sample, by observing a cross section in which a rubber layer of a palm portion of 12 cm from the tip of the middle finger of the produced protective gloves was laminated using an optical microscope (VHX-200 manufactured by Keyence Corporation), The rubber layer thickness was determined.
- the thickness of the rubber layer from the top portion of the fiber diameter of each fiber (that is, the fiber glove) Paying attention to each fiber constituting the surface, the thickness of the portion where the rubber layer appears the thinnest) was measured within the measurement visual field range, and the average was taken as the rubber layer thickness.
- Presence / absence of cracks in the rubber layer was determined by evaluating the cracks of the protective gloves produced in Examples and Comparative Examples where the rubber layer was formed. Specifically, the cracks in the portion where the rubber layer was formed were determined according to “crack state” described in Table 1 (crack state) of “Appendix 1 (normative) crack evaluation method” of JIS K 6259. The evaluation was carried out in accordance with the evaluation criteria in “Size, depth and ranking”.
- the state of cracks on the surface of the protective gloves manufactured in the examples and comparative examples is ranked according to the above criteria, and the rank is “1” (the crack is not visible to the naked eye, but with a 10 ⁇ magnifier) What can be confirmed) "is judged as” ⁇ (no crack) ", and those with a rank of" 2 (crack can be confirmed with the naked eye) "or higher are” x (cracked) " It was determined. Further, a crack that could not be confirmed with the naked eye or a 10 ⁇ magnifier was determined to be “ ⁇ (no crack)”.
- Example 1 (Production of latex of copolymer (A1))
- the composition of the copolymer (A1) contained in the obtained latex was 27% by weight of acrylonitrile units, 68% by weight of 1,3-butadiene units, and 5% by weight of methacrylic acid units.
- the latex of copolymer (A1) latex measured according to the above method had a methylethylketone insoluble content of 5% by weight or less, and the methylethylketone swelling degree was 100 times.
- the predetermined amount of the aqueous dispersion of each compounding agent was slowly added in the state which stirred the latex.
- the latex composition was obtained by adding Aron (made by Toa Gosei Co., Ltd.) as a viscosity modifier, and adjusting a viscosity to 4,000 mPa * s.
- the obtained latex composition was used after aging (also referred to as pre-vulcanization) before being subjected to dip molding.
- the temperature condition for aging was 30 ° C.
- the aging time was 48 hours.
- a laminate (protective glove) was produced by the following method. That is, first, a ceramic glove type covered with a fiber glove is immersed in a coagulant solution composed of a 2.5 wt% calcium nitrate methanol solution for 10 seconds, pulled up, and then dried at 30 ° C. for 1 minute. A coagulant was attached to the fiber glove. Thereafter, a glove mold covered with a fiber glove having a coagulant adhered thereto is immersed in the latex composition obtained above for 20 seconds, pulled up, dried at 30 ° C. for 10 minutes, and then at 70 ° C. for 10 minutes. Dried.
- Example 2 Manufacture of latex of copolymer (A2)
- the solid content concentration was changed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of t-dodecyl mercaptan was changed from 0.8 part to 0.7 part and the polymerization reaction was performed until the polymerization conversion reached 96%.
- a latex of 45% by weight of copolymer (A2) with a pH of 8.5 was obtained.
- the composition of the copolymer (A2) contained in the obtained latex was 27% by weight of acrylonitrile units, 68% by weight of 1,3-butadiene units, and 5% by weight of methacrylic acid units.
- the copolymer (A2) latex measured in accordance with the above method had a methylethylketone insoluble content of 50% by weight and a methylethylketone swelling degree of 70 times.
- a latex composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the latex of the copolymer (A2) obtained above was used instead of the latex of the copolymer (A1).
- Protective gloves were obtained using the latex composition. Then, the obtained protective gloves were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 3 (Production of latex of copolymer (A3)) The solid content concentration was changed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of t-dodecyl mercaptan was changed from 0.8 parts to 0.6 parts and the polymerization reaction was carried out until the polymerization conversion reached 96%. A latex of copolymer (A3) of 45% by weight and pH 8.5 was obtained. The composition of the copolymer (A3) contained in the obtained latex was 27% by weight of acrylonitrile units, 68% by weight of 1,3-butadiene units, and 5% by weight of methacrylic acid units. The latex of copolymer (A3), measured according to the above method, had a methylethylketone insoluble content of 60% by weight and a methylethylketone swelling degree of 60 times.
- Example 4 (Production of latex of copolymer (A4))
- the amount of acrylonitrile used is 27 to 22 parts
- the amount of 1,3-butadiene is 67.5 parts to 74.5 parts
- the amount of methacrylic acid is 5.5 parts to 3.5 parts
- t -The copolymer (A4) having a solid content of 45 wt% and a pH of 8.5 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of dodecyl mercaptan was changed from 0.8 part to 0.6 part. Latex was obtained.
- the composition of the copolymer (A4) contained in the obtained latex was 22% by weight of acrylonitrile units, 75% by weight of 1,3-butadiene units, and 3% by weight of methacrylic acid units.
- the latex of copolymer (A4), measured according to the above method, had a methylethylketone insoluble content of 5% by weight or less and a methylethylketone swelling degree of 130 times.
- a latex composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the latex of the copolymer (A4) obtained above was used instead of the latex of the copolymer (A1).
- Protective gloves were obtained using the latex composition. Then, the obtained protective gloves were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Comparative Example 1 (Production of latex of copolymer (A5)) The solid content concentration was changed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of t-dodecyl mercaptan was changed from 0.8 part to 0.3 part and the polymerization reaction was carried out until the polymerization conversion reached 96%. A latex of 45% by weight of copolymer (A5) with a pH of 8.5 was obtained. The composition of the copolymer (A5) contained in the obtained latex was 27% by weight of acrylonitrile units, 68% by weight of 1,3-butadiene units, and 5% by weight of methacrylic acid units. The copolymer (A5) latex measured in accordance with the above method had a methyl ethyl ketone insoluble content of 77% by weight and a methyl ethyl ketone swelling degree of 36 times.
- a latex composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the latex of the copolymer (A5) obtained above was used instead of the latex of the copolymer (A1).
- Protective gloves were obtained using the latex composition. Then, the obtained protective gloves were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Comparative Example 2 (Production of latex of copolymer (A6)) Except for changing the holding temperature at the start of polymerization from 37 ° C. to 60 ° C. and changing the polymerization temperature from 45 ° C. to 80 ° C. when the polymerization conversion rate became 70%, A latex of copolymer (A6) having a solid content concentration of 45% by weight and a pH of 8.5 was obtained.
- the composition of the copolymer (A6) contained in the obtained latex was 27% by weight of acrylonitrile units, 68% by weight of 1,3-butadiene units, and 5% by weight of methacrylic acid units.
- the copolymer (A6) latex measured in accordance with the above method had a methylethylketone insoluble content of 79% by weight and a methylethylketone swelling degree of 27 times.
- a latex composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the copolymer (A6) latex obtained above was used instead of the copolymer (A1) latex.
- Protective gloves were obtained using the latex composition. Then, the obtained protective gloves were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Comparative Example 3 (Production of latex of copolymer (A7))
- the amount of acrylonitrile used is 27 to 32.5 parts
- the amount of 1,3-butadiene used is 67.5 parts to 59 parts
- the amount of methacrylic acid used is 5.5 parts to 8.5 parts.
- the holding temperature at the start of the polymerization is changed from 37 ° C. to 40 ° C.
- the polymerization temperature when the polymerization conversion rate becomes 70% is changed from 45 ° C. to 60 ° C., and the polymerization reaction is polymerized.
- a latex of copolymer (A7) having a solid content concentration of 45% by weight and a pH of 8.5 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the conversion was performed until the conversion reached 96%.
- the composition of the copolymer (A7) contained in the obtained latex was 32% by weight of acrylonitrile units, 60% by weight of 1,3-butadiene units, and 8% by weight of methacrylic acid units.
- the copolymer (A7) latex measured in accordance with the above method had a methyl ethyl ketone insoluble content of 53% by weight and a methyl ethyl ketone swelling degree of 33 times.
- a latex composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the copolymer (A7) latex obtained above was used instead of the copolymer (A1) latex.
- Protective gloves were obtained using the latex composition. Then, the obtained protective gloves were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the amount of chain transfer agent used is an amount based on 100 parts of the monomers used for polymerization.
- a copolymer latex containing a conjugated diene monomer unit, an ethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer unit, and an ethylenically unsaturated acid monomer unit in a predetermined ratio When the polymer insoluble matter in methyl ethyl ketone is 70% by weight or less and the swelling degree of methyl ethyl ketone is 40 times or more, the rubber layer constituting the laminate (protective gloves) has a thickness of 0. Even when the thickness is relatively large, such as 3 mm or more, generation of cracks is effectively suppressed, and characteristics obtained by forming a rubber layer, for example, various characteristics such as waterproofness and chemical resistance are sufficient. (Examples 1 to 4).
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Abstract
Description
本発明の共重合体ラテックスにおいて、前記エチレン性不飽和酸単量体単位が、エチレン性不飽和モノカルボン酸単位であることが好ましい。
本発明のラテックス組成物は、架橋促進剤をさらに含有することが好ましい。
また、本発明によれば、繊維基材上に、上記ラテックス組成物からなる層を形成してなる積層体が提供される。
さらに、本発明によれば、繊維基材上に、上記ラテックス組成物をディップ成形する工程を備える積層体の製造方法が提供される。
本発明の積層体の製造方法においては、前記繊維基材に、凝固剤としての2価の金属塩を付着させ、前記2価の金属塩を付着させた繊維基材を、前記ラテックス組成物中に浸漬させることで、前記繊維基材上に、前記ラテックス組成物からなる層を形成することが好ましい。
本発明の共重合体ラテックスは、共役ジエン単量体単位50~88重量%、エチレン性不飽和ニトリル単量体単位10~40重量%、およびエチレン性不飽和酸単量体単位2~10重量%を含有する共重合体のラテックスであって、
前記共重合体を乾燥フィルムとした場合における、メチルエチルケトン不溶解分量が70重量%以下であり、メチルエチルケトン膨潤度が40倍以上である。
メチルエチルケトン不溶解分量(単位:重量%)=(W3/W1)×100 ・・・(1)
メチルエチルケトン膨潤度(単位:倍)=W2/W3 ・・・(2)
本発明のラテックス組成物は、上記本発明の共重合体ラテックスと、架橋剤とを含有する。
硫黄系架橋剤としては、粉末硫黄、硫黄華、沈降性硫黄、コロイド硫黄、表面処理硫黄、不溶性硫黄などの硫黄;塩化硫黄、二塩化硫黄、モルホリンジスルフィド、アルキルフェノールジスルフィド、ジベンゾチアジルジスルフィド、カプロラクタムジスルフィド、含リンポリスルフィド、高分子多硫化物などの含硫黄化合物;テトラメチルチウラムジスルフィド、ジメチルジチオカルバミン酸セレン、2-(4’-モルホリノジチオ)ベンゾチアゾールなどの硫黄供与性化合物;などが挙げられる。これらは一種を単独で用いてもよいし、複数種を併用してもよい。
本発明の積層体は、繊維基材上に、上述した本発明のラテックス組成物を用いてゴム層を形成してなり、繊維基材と、本発明のラテックス組成物を用いて形成されたゴム層とを備えるものである。
実施例及び比較例で製造した共重合体ラテックスを、キャスト法により基材上に塗布し、これを25℃で、120時間乾燥させることで、乾燥フィルムを得て、得られた乾燥フィルムの重量(この重量を「W1」とする。)を測定した。次いで、得られた乾燥フィルムを、25℃、24時間の条件にて、メチルエチルケトン中に浸漬させた後、浸漬後のフィルムについて、重量(この重量を「W2」とする。)を測定した後、105℃で、3時間乾燥して、メチルエチルケトンを除去した。そして、メチルエチルケトン除去後のフィルムについて、重量(この重量を「W3」とする。)を測定し、これらの重量の測定結果を用いて、下記式(1)、(2)に従って、メチルエチルケトン不溶解分量およびメチルエチルケトン膨潤度を求めた。
メチルエチルケトン不溶解分量(単位:重量%)=(W3/W1)×100 ・・・(1)
メチルエチルケトン膨潤度(単位:倍)=W2/W3 ・・・(2)
実施例及び比較例で製造した保護手袋について、ゴム層の厚みを光学顕微鏡にて測定した。具体的には、測定試料として、作製した保護手袋の中指の先から12cmの掌部分のゴム層が積層された断面を、光学顕微鏡(キーエンス社製VHX-200)を用いて観察することで、ゴム層厚みを求めた。なお、本測定においては、切断面のうち、繊維基材としての繊維製手袋表面を構成する各繊維に着目し、各繊維の繊維径のトップ部分からのゴム層の厚み(すなわち、繊維製手袋表面を構成する各繊維に着目し、ゴム層が最も薄く現れる部分の厚み)の測定を、測定視野範囲内において行い、これを平均したものをゴム層厚みとした。
ゴム層のクラックの有無は、実施例及び比較例で製造した保護手袋の、ゴム層を形成させた部分のき裂を評価することにより行った。具体的には、ゴム層を形成させた部分のき裂を、JIS K 6259の「附属書1(規定)き裂の評価方法」の表1(き裂の状態)に記載の「き裂の大きさ,深さ及びランク付け」における評価基準に従って行った。すなわち、実施例及び比較例で製造した保護手袋表面のき裂の状態を、上記基準にしたがって、ランク付けを行い、ランクが「1(き裂が、肉眼では見えないが10倍の拡大鏡では確認できるもの)」となったものを「○(クラック無し)」と判定し、ランクが「2(き裂が、肉眼で確認できるもの)」以上となったものを「×(クラック有り)」と判定した。さらに、き裂が、肉眼でも10倍の拡大鏡でも確認できなかったものについては、「◎(クラック無し)」と判定した。
(共重合体(A1)のラテックスの製造)
重合反応器に、アクリロニトリル27部、1,3-ブタジエン67.5部、メタクリル酸5.5部、t-ドデシルメルカプタン0.8部、イオン交換水132部、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ナトリウム3部、β-ナフタリンスルホン酸ホルマリン縮合物ナトリウム塩0.5部、過硫酸カリウム0.3部およびエチレンジアミン四酢酸ナトリウム0.05部を仕込み、重合温度を37℃に保持して重合を開始した。そして、重合転化率が70%になった時点で、重合温度を45℃に昇温し、継続して重合転化率が93%になるまで反応させ、その後、重合停止剤としてジメチルジチオカルバミン酸ナトリウム0.1部を添加して重合反応を停止した。そして、得られた共重合体ラテックスから、未反応単量体を減圧にして留去した後、固形分濃度とpHを調整し、固形分濃度45重量%、pH8.5の共重合体(A1)のラテックスを得た。得られたラテックス中に含まれる共重合体(A1)の組成は、アクリロニトリル単位27重量%、1,3-ブタジエン単位68重量%、メタクリル酸単位5重量%であった。また、上記方法にしたがって測定された共重合体(A1)のラテックスのメチルエチルケトン不溶解分量は5重量%以下、メチルエチルケトン膨潤度は100倍であった。
そして、上記にて得られた共重合体(A1)のラテックス(共重合体(A1)換算で100部)に、コロイド硫黄(細井化学社製)の水分散液をコロイド硫黄換算で1部、ジブチルジチオカルバミン酸亜鉛(大内神興化学工業社製)の水分散液をジブチルジチオカルバミン酸亜鉛換算で0.5部、および、酸化亜鉛(正同化学工業社製)を酸化亜鉛換算で2部となるように添加した。なお、これらを添加する際には、ラテックスを撹拌した状態で、各配合剤の水分散液を所定の量ゆっくり添加した。そして、添加物が均一に混合された後に、粘度調整剤としてアロン(東亜合成社製)を添加して、粘度を4,000mPa・sに調整することで、ラテックス組成物を得た。
また、得られたラテックス組成物はディップ成形に供する前に、熟成(前加硫ともいう。)を施して使用した。熟成させる際の温度条件を30℃とした。また、熟成させる時間を48時間とした。
上記にて得られたラテックス組成物を使用して、積層体(保護手袋)を、以下の方法により製造した。
すなわち、まず、繊維製手袋を被せたセラミックス手袋型を、硝酸カルシウム2.5重量%のメタノール溶液からなる凝固剤溶液に10秒間浸漬し、引き上げた後に30℃で1分の条件で乾燥させて凝固剤を繊維製手袋に付着させた。その後、凝固剤を付着させた繊維製手袋を被せた手袋型を、上記にて得られたラテックス組成物に20秒間浸漬し、引き上げた後に30℃で10分間乾燥し、次いで70℃で10分間乾燥させた。その後、60℃の温水に90秒浸漬して水溶性の不純物を溶出させた後、再度30℃で10分乾燥させた。さらに125℃で30分間の熱処理を行うことで、ディップ成形層に架橋処理を施した。次いで、架橋した積層体を手袋型から剥し、繊維製手袋にゴム層が形成されてなる保護手袋を得た。そして、得られた保護手袋について、ゴム層の厚み、およびクラックの有無の測定を行った。結果を表1に示す。
(共重合体(A2)のラテックスの製造)
t-ドデシルメルカプタンの使用量を0.8部から0.7部に変更するとともに、重合反応を重合転化率が96%となるまで行った以外は、実施例1と同様にして、固形分濃度45重量%、pH8.5の共重合体(A2)のラテックスを得た。得られたラテックス中に含まれる共重合体(A2)の組成は、アクリロニトリル単位27重量%、1,3-ブタジエン単位68重量%、メタクリル酸単位5重量%であった。また、上記方法にしたがって測定された共重合体(A2)のラテックスのメチルエチルケトン不溶解分量は50重量%、メチルエチルケトン膨潤度は70倍であった。
そして、共重合体(A1)のラテックスに代えて、上記にて得られた共重合体(A2)のラテックスを使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、ラテックス組成物を調製し、調製したラテックス組成物を用いて、保護手袋を得た。そして、得られた保護手袋について、実施例1と同様に評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
(共重合体(A3)のラテックスの製造)
t-ドデシルメルカプタンの使用量を0.8部から0.6部に変更するとともに、重合反応を重合転化率が96%となるまで行った以外は、実施例1と同様にして、固形分濃度45重量%、pH8.5の共重合体(A3)のラテックスを得た。得られたラテックス中に含まれる共重合体(A3)の組成は、アクリロニトリル単位27重量%、1,3-ブタジエン単位68重量%、メタクリル酸単位5重量%であった。また、上記方法にしたがって測定された共重合体(A3)のラテックスのメチルエチルケトン不溶解分量は60重量%、メチルエチルケトン膨潤度は60倍であった。
そして、共重合体(A1)のラテックスに代えて、上記にて得られた共重合体(A3)のラテックスを使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、ラテックス組成物を調製し、調製したラテックス組成物を用いて、保護手袋を得た。そして、得られた保護手袋について、実施例1と同様に評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
(共重合体(A4)のラテックスの製造)
アクリロニトリルの使用量を27部から22部に、1,3-ブタジエンの使用量を67.5部から74.5部に、メタクリル酸の使用量を5.5部から3.5部に、t-ドデシルメルカプタンの使用量を0.8部から0.6部に、それぞれ変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、固形分濃度45重量%、pH8.5の共重合体(A4)のラテックスを得た。得られたラテックス中に含まれる共重合体(A4)の組成は、アクリロニトリル単位22重量%、1,3-ブタジエン単位75重量%、メタクリル酸単位3重量%であった。また、上記方法にしたがって測定された共重合体(A4)のラテックスのメチルエチルケトン不溶解分量は5重量%以下、メチルエチルケトン膨潤度は130倍であった。
そして、共重合体(A1)のラテックスに代えて、上記にて得られた共重合体(A4)のラテックスを使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、ラテックス組成物を調製し、調製したラテックス組成物を用いて、保護手袋を得た。そして、得られた保護手袋について、実施例1と同様に評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
(共重合体(A5)のラテックスの製造)
t-ドデシルメルカプタンの使用量を0.8部から0.3部に変更するとともに、重合反応を重合転化率が96%となるまで行った以外は、実施例1と同様にして、固形分濃度45重量%、pH8.5の共重合体(A5)のラテックスを得た。得られたラテックス中に含まれる共重合体(A5)の組成は、アクリロニトリル単位27重量%、1,3-ブタジエン単位68重量%、メタクリル酸単位5重量%であった。また、上記方法にしたがって測定された共重合体(A5)のラテックスのメチルエチルケトン不溶解分量は77重量%、メチルエチルケトン膨潤度は36倍であった。
そして、共重合体(A1)のラテックスに代えて、上記にて得られた共重合体(A5)のラテックスを使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、ラテックス組成物を調製し、調製したラテックス組成物を用いて、保護手袋を得た。そして、得られた保護手袋について、実施例1と同様に評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
(共重合体(A6)のラテックスの製造)
重合開始時の保持温度を37℃から60℃に変更するとともに、重合転化率が70%になった時点における重合温度を45℃から80℃に変更した以外は、実施例3と同様にして、固形分濃度45重量%、pH8.5の共重合体(A6)のラテックスを得た。得られたラテックス中に含まれる共重合体(A6)の組成は、アクリロニトリル単位27重量%、1,3-ブタジエン単位68重量%、メタクリル酸単位5重量%であった。また、上記方法にしたがって測定された共重合体(A6)のラテックスのメチルエチルケトン不溶解分量は79重量%、メチルエチルケトン膨潤度は27倍であった。
そして、共重合体(A1)のラテックスに代えて、上記にて得られた共重合体(A6)のラテックスを使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、ラテックス組成物を調製し、調製したラテックス組成物を用いて、保護手袋を得た。そして、得られた保護手袋について、実施例1と同様に評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
(共重合体(A7)のラテックスの製造)
アクリロニトリルの使用量を27部から32.5部に、1,3-ブタジエンの使用量を67.5部から59部に、メタクリル酸の使用量を5.5部から8.5部に、それぞれ変更するとともに、重合開始時の保持温度を37℃から40℃に変更するとともに、重合転化率が70%になった時点における重合温度を45℃から60℃に変更し、かつ、重合反応を重合転化率が96%となるまで行った以外は、実施例1と同様にして、固形分濃度45重量%、pH8.5の共重合体(A7)のラテックスを得た。得られたラテックス中に含まれる共重合体(A7)の組成は、アクリロニトリル単位32重量%、1,3-ブタジエン単位60重量%、メタクリル酸単位8重量%であった。また、上記方法にしたがって測定された共重合体(A7)のラテックスのメチルエチルケトン不溶解分量は53重量%、メチルエチルケトン膨潤度は33倍であった。
そして、共重合体(A1)のラテックスに代えて、上記にて得られた共重合体(A7)のラテックスを使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、ラテックス組成物を調製し、調製したラテックス組成物を用いて、保護手袋を得た。そして、得られた保護手袋について、実施例1と同様に評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
一方、共重合体のメチルエチルケトン不溶解分量が70重量%超、メチルエチルケトン膨潤度が40倍未満であるものを用いた場合には、積層体(保護手袋)を構成するゴム層は、クラックが発生してしまい、ゴム層を形成することにより得られる特性、たとえば、防水性や、耐薬品性などが十分に得られないものであった(比較例1,2)。
また、共重合体のメチルエチルケトン不溶解分量が70重量%以下ではあるものの、メチルエチルケトン膨潤度が40倍未満であるものを用いた場合にも、積層体(保護手袋)を構成するゴム層は、クラックが発生してしまい、ゴム層を形成することにより得られる特性、たとえば、防水性や、耐薬品性などが十分に得られないものであった(比較例3)。
Claims (7)
- 共役ジエン単量体単位50~88重量%、エチレン性不飽和ニトリル単量体単位10~40重量%、およびエチレン性不飽和酸単量体単位2~10重量%を含有する共重合体のラテックスであって、
前記共重合体を乾燥フィルムとした場合における、メチルエチルケトン不溶解分量が70重量%以下であり、メチルエチルケトン膨潤度が40倍以上である共重合体ラテックス。 - 前記エチレン性不飽和酸単量体単位が、エチレン性不飽和モノカルボン酸単位である請求項1に記載の共重合体ラテックス。
- 請求項1に記載の共重合体ラテックスと、架橋剤とを含有するラテックス組成物。
- 架橋促進剤をさらに含有する請求項3に記載のラテックス組成物。
- 繊維基材上に、請求項3または4に記載のラテックス組成物からなる層を形成してなる積層体。
- 繊維基材上に、請求項4または5に記載のラテックス組成物をディップ成形する工程を備える積層体の製造方法。
- 前記繊維基材に、凝固剤としての2価の金属塩を付着させ、前記2価の金属塩を付着させた繊維基材を、前記ラテックス組成物中に浸漬させることで、前記繊維基材上に、前記ラテックス組成物からなる層を形成する請求項6に記載の積層体の製造方法。
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EP3438145B1 (en) | 2021-04-28 |
MY188497A (en) | 2021-12-16 |
CN108779217A (zh) | 2018-11-09 |
EP3438145A1 (en) | 2019-02-06 |
KR20180132055A (ko) | 2018-12-11 |
EP3438145A4 (en) | 2019-12-11 |
JPWO2017170267A1 (ja) | 2019-02-07 |
US20190071530A1 (en) | 2019-03-07 |
CN108779217B (zh) | 2020-12-29 |
US10907002B2 (en) | 2021-02-02 |
JP6908024B2 (ja) | 2021-07-21 |
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